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Shah A, Baiseitova A, Lee G, Kim JH, Park KH. Analogues of Dihydroflavonol and Flavone as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors from the Leaves of Artocarpus elasticus. ACS Omega 2024; 9:9053-9062. [PMID: 38434867 PMCID: PMC10905692 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is one of the target enzymes whose disruption leads to obesity and diabetes. A series of PTP1B inhibitors were isolated from the leaves of Artocarpus elasticus, used in traditional medicines for diabetes. The isolated inhibitors (1-13), including two new compounds (1 and 2), consisted of dihydroflavonols and flavones. The structural requirements for the PTP1B inhibitory mode and potency were revealed in both skeletons. The two highest PTP1B inhibitory properties were dihydroflavonol 1 and flavone 6 analogs with IC50 values of 0.17 and 0.79 μM, respectively. The stereochemistry also affected inhibitory potencies: trans isomer 1 (IC50= 0.17 μM) vs cis isomer 2 (IC50= 2.24 μM). Surprisingly, the dihydroflavonol and flavone glycosides (11 and 13) displayed potent inhibition with IC50s of 2.39 and 0.22 μM, respectively. Furthermore, competitive inhibitor 1 was applied to time-dependence experiments as a simple slow-binding inhibitor with parameters of Kiapp = 0.064103 μM, k3 = 0.2262 μM-1 min-1, and k4 = 0.0145 min-1. The binding affinities by using the fluorescence quenching experiment were highly correlated with inhibitory potencies: 1 (IC50= 0.17 μM, KSV = 0.4375 × 105 L·mol-1) vs 3 (IC50= 17.79 μM, KSV = 0.0006 × 105 L·mol-1). The specific binding interactions were estimated at active and allosteric sites according to the inhibitory mode by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul
Bari Shah
- Division
of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic
of Korea
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division
of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic
of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division
of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division
of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic
of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division
of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic
of Korea
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Baiseitova A, Shah AB, Khan AM, Idrees M, Kim JH, Lee YH, Kong IK, Park KH. Antioxidant potentials of furanodihydrobenzoxanthones from Artocarpus elasticus and their protection against oxLDL induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115278. [PMID: 37536031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), converting them into oxidized ones (oxLDL), which are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a potential link between lipid dysregulation and neurodegenerative processes. Phenolic metabolites derived from Artocarpus elasticus root bark were found to possess significant antioxidant properties at three different radical scavenging assays, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Among them, furanodihydrobenzoxanthones (1-3) demonstrated notable protection against Cu2+ induced LDL oxidation, with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 2.9 μM in measurement of the malondialdehyde (MDA) production at TBARS and prolonged lag times (>180 min) in the generation of conjugated diene (CD). At a concentration of 10 μM, all three compounds (1-3) effectively protected against LDL oxidation as determined by relative electrophoretic mobility (REM). The most potent compound 1 defended human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells from oxLDL-mediated dysfunction, including oxLDL-induced cytotoxicity, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Individual components annotation in the ethylacetate extract was performed using LC-ESI-QTOF/MS, which serves as a chemotaxonomic marker for A. elasticus root barks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Majid Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Nurlybekova A, Kudaibergen A, Kazymbetova A, Amangeldi M, Baiseitova A, Ospanov M, Aisa HA, Ye Y, Ibrahim MA, Jenis J. Traditional Use, Phytochemical Profiles and Pharmacological Properties of Artemisia Genus from Central Asia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165128. [PMID: 36014364 PMCID: PMC9415318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The flora of Kazakhstan is characterized by its wide variety of different types of medicinal plants, many of which can be used on an industrial scale. The Traditional Kazakh Medicine (TKM) was developed during centuries based on the six elements of ancient Kazakh theory, associating different fields such as pharmacology, anatomy, pathology, immunology and food nursing as well as disease prevention. The endemic Artemisia L. species are potential sources of unique and new natural products and new chemical structures, displaying diverse bioactivities and leading to the development of safe and effective phytomedicines against prevailing diseases in Kazakhstan and the Central Asia region. This review provides an overview of Artemisia species from Central Asia, particularly traditional uses in folk medicine and the recent numerous phytochemical and pharmacological studies. The review is done by the methods of literature searches in well-known scientific websites (Scifinder and Pubmed) and data collection in university libraries. Furthermore, our aim is to search for promising and potentially active Artemisia species candidates, encouraging us to analyze Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), α-glucosidase and bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibition as well as the antioxidant potentials of Artemisia plant extracts, in which endemic species have not been explored for their secondary metabolites and biological activities so far. The main result of the study was that, for the first time, the species Artemisia scopiformis Ledeb. Artemisia albicerata Krasch., Artemisia transiliensis Poljakov, Artemisia schrenkiana Ledeb., Artemisia nitrosa Weber and Artemisia albida Willd. ex Ledeb. due to their special metabolites, showed a high potential for α-glucosidase, PTP1B and BNA inhibition, which is associated with diabetes, obesity and bacterial infections. In addition, we revealed that the methanol extracts of Artemisia were a potent source of polyphenolic compounds. The total polyphenolic contents of Artemisia extracts were correlated with antioxidant potential and varied according to plant origin, the solvent of extraction and the analytical method used. Consequently, oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be managed by the dietary intake of current Artemisia species. The antioxidant potentials of the species A. schrenkiana, A. scopaeformis, A. transiliensis and Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kitam. were also promising. In conclusion, the examination of details between different Artemisia species in our research has shown that plant materials are good as an antioxidant and eznyme inhibitory functional natural source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Nurlybekova
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Research Institute for Natural Products & Technology, Almaty 050046, Kazakhstan
| | - Aidana Kudaibergen
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Research Institute for Natural Products & Technology, Almaty 050046, Kazakhstan
| | - Aizhan Kazymbetova
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Magzhan Amangeldi
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Research Institute for Natural Products & Technology, Almaty 050046, Kazakhstan
| | - Meirambek Ospanov
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Xinjiang Technical Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Central Asian of Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mohamed Ali Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
- Correspondence: (M.A.I.); (J.J.)
| | - Janar Jenis
- The Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Research Institute for Natural Products & Technology, Almaty 050046, Kazakhstan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Xinjiang Technical Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Central Asian of Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Correspondence: (M.A.I.); (J.J.)
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Baiseitova A, Ban YJ, Kim JY, Lee G, Shah AB, Kim JH, Lee YH, Park KH. Soybean phytochemicals responsible for bacterial neuraminidase inhibition and their characterization by UPLC-ESI-TOF/MS. Food Funct 2022; 13:6923-6933. [PMID: 35695875 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol extract of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) showed good inhibitory activity against bacterial neuraminidase (BNA), which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of a number of microbial diseases. The saponin portion fractionated through preparative HPLC (IC50 = 2.25 μg mL-1) was found to be responsible for the observed BNA inhibition. Estimation of the inhibitory effects by individual compounds showed that the soyasaponins of group B (Ba, Bb, Bb', Bc, and Bd) exhibited extremely high inhibitions (IC50 = 0.25-0.48 μM), whereas group A (Aa, Ab, and Ac) was almost inactive. Kinetic studies determined that group B soyasaponins were noncompetitive inhibitors. Furthermore, molecular docking experiments confirmed that soyasaponin Ba (group B) could undergo binding interactions with various residues in the binding pocket. In contrast, soyasaponin Aa (group A) failed to enter the binding pocket due to its extra scaffold structure of oligosaccharides bonded to the 22-hydroxyl position. The metabolites in the soybean extract were fully characterized using UPLC-ESI-TOF/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeong Jun Ban
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Hyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Baiseitova A, Lee G, Shah AB, Yoon S, Kim JH, Lee YH, Park KH. New dihydrobenzoxanthone derivatives with bacterial neuraminidase inhibitory activity isolated from Artocarpus elasticus. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105978. [PMID: 35752099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Artocarpus elasticus is a popular fruit tree in the tropical regions. Primary screenings of methanol extracts of the root bark confirmed its potent inhibition of bacterial neuraminidase (BNA), which plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of many microbial diseases. Assessments of the responsible phytochemicals were conducted by isolating eight compounds (1-8) and two of them (6 and 8) were identified as new compounds. Among the isolates, the dihydrobenzoxanthones attained the highest BNA inhibition with IC50 values of 0.5 ∼ 3.9 µM. Further investigation of the inhibitory mechanism by Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed the phytochemicals to function as reversible noncompetitive inhibitors. Fluorescence quenching showed their binding affinities were highly correlated with their inhibitory potential dose-dependently. Molecular docking experiments suggested the dihydrobenzoxanthones (4 and 6) as noncompetitive inhibitors of BNA with unique interaction with Tyr435 of BNA in comparison with the mother flavonoid (7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Yoon
- Department of Bio & Medical Big-data (BK4 Program), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Shah AB, Baiseitova A, Kim JH, Lee YH, Park KH. Inhibition of Bacterial Neuraminidase and Biofilm Formation by Ugonins Isolated From Helminthostachys Zeylanica (L.) Hook. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890649. [PMID: 35645800 PMCID: PMC9130766 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several microbial diseases including biofilm formation. The aim of this study is to reveal the neuraminidase inhibitory potential of metabolites from Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook. which have diverse biological activities including PTP1B and α-glucosidase. The six ugonins (1–6) from the target plant showed significant neuraminidase inhibition. The inhibitory potencies were observed at a nanomolar level of 35–50 nM, which means they are 100 times more active than their corresponding mother compounds (eriodyctiol and luteolin). A detailed kinetic study revealed that all ugonins were reversible noncompetitive inhibitors. An in-depth investigation of the most potent compound 1 showed its time-dependent inhibition with the isomerization model having k5 = 0.0103 min−1, k6 = 0.0486 min−1, and Kiapp = 0.062 μM. The binding affinities (Ksv) were agreed closely with our prediction based on the inhibitory potencies. Particularly, ugonin J (1) blocked the biofilm formation of E. coli dose-dependently up to 150 µM without the inhibition of bacteria. The major compounds (1–6) in the extract were characterized by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS.
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Baiseitova A, Shah AB, Kim JY, Ban YJ, Kim JH, Nafiah MA, Park KH. O-alkylated quercetins with selective acetylcholinesterase and β-secretase inhibitions from Melicope glabra leaves, and their flavonols profile by LC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Zhumanova K, Lee G, Baiseitova A, Shah AB, Kim JH, Kim JY, Lee KW, Park KH. Inhibitory mechanism of O-methylated quercetins, highly potent β-secretase inhibitors isolated from Caragana balchaschensis (Kom.) Pojark. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 272:113935. [PMID: 33609726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Caragana has a standing history of implementation in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Most species of this genus have been explored for multi-functional purposes, such as promoting blood circulation and curing neuralgia, fatigue, migraine, arthritis, and vascular hypertension (Meng et al., 2009). Among them, the well-known species C. sinica showed the most promising potential to increase the expression of ADAM10 among 313 tested medicinal plants, which is one of the promising approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (Schuck et al., 2015). AIM OF THIS STUDY The aim of this work is to explore β-secretase inhibitory activity of compounds isolated from the aerial part of endemic Caragana balchaschensis (Kom.) Pojark. We provided a full characterization of their inhibitory mechanisms, binding affinities, and binding modes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The isolation of quercetin derivatives was accomplished by various chromatographical approaches and their structures were annotated by spectroscopic analysis. The detailed kinetic behavior of β-secretase inhibitors was determined by estimation of kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax, KI, and KIS). Binding affinities (KSV) and binding modes of inhibitors were elucidated by fluorescence quenching and molecular docking studies, respectively. RESULTS O-methylated quercetins (2-7) were significantly effective in β-secretase inhibition with IC50 ranging from 1.2 to 6.5 μM. The most active one (6) was 20-fold effective than the mother skeleton, quercetin. The O-methyl motif was a critical factor in β-secretase inhibition: tri-O-methylated (1.2 μM) > di-O-methylated (3.5 μM) > mono-O-methylated (6.5 μM) > quercetin (25.2 μM). In the kinetic study, all quercetins (1-7) showed a noncompetitive inhibition, but glucoside ones (8 and 9) were mixed type I inhibitors. The binding affinities (KSV) were agreed with inhibitory potencies. The O-methylated quercetins were annotated as the most natural abundant metabolites in the aerial part by LC-ESI-TOF/MS. Binding modes of inhibitors to enzyme were elucidated by molecular docking experiments. CONCLUSION This study disclosed that most of the major phenolic metabolites of the aerial part of C. balchaschensis are O-methylated quercetins, which have a significant inhibitory effect on β-secretase, which is a critical factor for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Zhumanova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Science, Department of Bio & Medical Big-data (BK21 Plus), RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Ban YJ, Song YH, Kim JY, Cha JY, Ali I, Baiseitova A, Shah AB, Kim WY, Park KH. A Significant Change in Free Amino Acids of Soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr) through Ethylene Application. Molecules 2021; 26:1128. [PMID: 33672673 PMCID: PMC7924343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the changes in free amino acids of soybean leaves after ethylene application were characterized based on quantitative and metabolomic analyses. All essential and nonessential amino acids in soybean leaves were enhanced by fivefold (250 to 1284 mg/100 g) and sixfold (544 to 3478 mg/100 g), respectively, via ethylene application. In particular, it was found that asparagine is the main component, comprising approximately 41% of the total amino acids with a twenty-five fold increase (78 to 1971 mg/100 g). Moreover, arginine and branched chain amino acids (Val, Leu, and Ile) increased by about 14 and 2-5 times, respectively. The increase in free amino acid in stem was also similar to the leaves. The metabolites in treated and untreated soybean leaves were systematically identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and partial variance discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) scores and heat map analysis were given to understand the changes of each metabolite. The application of ethylene may provide good nutrient potential for soybean leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, RILS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (Y.J.B.); (Y.H.S.); (J.Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (A.B.S.); (W.-Y.K.)
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Kim JY, Wang Y, Li ZP, Baiseitova A, Ban YJ, Park KH. Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition and Anti-LDL Oxidation by Prenylated Isoflavones from Flemingia philippinensis Root. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133074. [PMID: 32640700 PMCID: PMC7411605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase is a frontier enzyme to produce oxidants, which leads to inflammation in the blood. Prenylated isoflavones from Flemingia philippinensis were found to display potent inhibition against xanthine oxidase (XO). All isolates (1–9) inhibited XO enzyme with IC50 ranging 7.8~36.4 μM. The most active isoflavones (2–5, IC50 = 7.8~14.8 μM) have the structural feature of a catechol motif in B-ring. Inhibitory behaviors were disclosed as a mixed type I mode of inhibition with KI < KIS. Binding affinities to XO enzyme were evaluated. Fluorescence quenching effects agreed with inhibitory potencies (IC50s). The compounds (2–5) also showed potent anti-LDL oxidation effects in the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay, the lag time of conjugated diene formation, relative electrophoretic mobility (REM), and fragmentation of apoB-100 on copper-mediated LDL oxidation. The compound 4 protected LDL oxidation with 0.7 μM in TBARS assay, which was 40-fold more active than genistein (IC50 = 30.4 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Z.P.L.); (A.B.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China;
| | - Zuo Peng Li
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Z.P.L.); (A.B.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Z.P.L.); (A.B.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Yeong Jun Ban
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Z.P.L.); (A.B.); (Y.J.B.)
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (Z.P.L.); (A.B.); (Y.J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1965; Fax: +82-55-772-1969
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Jenis J, Baiseitova A, Yoon SH, Park C, Kim JY, Li ZP, Lee KW, Park KH. Competitive α-glucosidase inhibitors, dihydrobenzoxanthones, from the barks of Artocarpus elasticus. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 34:1623-1632. [PMID: 31480857 PMCID: PMC6735331 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1660653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to search the α-glucosidase inhibitors from the barks part of
Artocarpus elasticus. The responsible compounds for α-glucosidase
inhibition were found out as dihydrobenzoxanthones (1–4) and
alkylated flavones (5–6). All compounds showed a significant
enzyme inhibition toward α-glucosidase with IC50s of 7.6–25.4 μM.
Dihydrobenzoxanthones (1–4) exhibited a competitive inhibition
to α-glucosidase. This competitive behaviour was fully characterised by double reciprocal
plots, Yang’s method, and time-dependent experiments. The compound 1
manifested as the competitive and reversible simple slow-binding, with kinetic parameters
k3 = 0.0437 µM−1 min−1,
k4 = 0.0166 min−1, and Kiapp=
0.3795 µM. Alkylated flavones (5–6) were mixed type I
(KI < KIS) inhibitors. The
binding affinities (KSV) represented by all inhibitors were
correlated to their concentrations and inhibitory potencies (IC50). Moreover,
compounds 1 and 5 were identified as new ones named as
artoindonesianin W and artoflavone B, respectively. Molecular modelling study proposed the
putative binding conformation of competitive inhibitors (1–4) to
α-glucosidase at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janar Jenis
- Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University , Almaty , Kazakhstan
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwa Yoon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), PMBBRC, RINS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Chanin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), PMBBRC, RINS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Zuo Peng Li
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), PMBBRC, RINS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Republic of Korea
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Kim JY, Kim JY, Jenis J, Li ZP, Ban YJ, Baiseitova A, Park KH. Tyrosinase inhibitory study of flavonolignans from the seeds of Silybum marianum (Milk thistle). Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2499-2507. [PMID: 30871862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-melanogenesis effects of silymarin from milk thistle have been reported recently, but detailed tyrosinase inhibition properties of individual components have not been investigated. This study purported to substantiate tyrosinase inhibition and its mechanism based on a single metabolite. The responsible components for tyrosinase inhibition of target source were found out as flavonolignans which consist of isosilybin A (1), isosilybin B (2), silydianin (3), 2,3-dihydrosilychristin (4), silychristin A (5), silychristin B (6) and silybin (7), respectively. The isolated flavonolignans (1-7) inhibited both monophenolase (IC50 = 1.7-7.6 µM) and diphenolase (IC50 = 12.1-44.9 µM) of tyrosinase significantly. Their inhibitions were 10-fold effective in comparison with their mother skeletons (8-10). Inhibitory functions were also proved by HPLC analysis using N-acetyl-l-tyrosine as substrate. The predominant formation of Emet·I was confirmed from a long prolongation of lag time and a decrease of the static state activity of the enzyme. All tested compounds had a significant binding affinity to tyrosinase with KSV values of 0.06-0.27 × 104 L·mol-1, which are well correlated with IC50s. In kinetic study, all flavonolignan (1-7) were mixed type I (KI < KIS) inhibitors, whereas their mother skeletons (8-10) were competitive ones. The UPLC-ESI-TOF/MS analysis showed that the isolated inhibitors are the most abundant metabolites in the target plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Janar Jenis
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Zuo Peng Li
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Ban
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Baiseitova A, Jenis J, Kim JY, Li ZP, Park KH. Phytochemical analysis of aerial part of Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana and their protection of DNA damage. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:880-883. [PMID: 31084209 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1607858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ikonnikovia kaufmanniana is an endemic plant of Kazakhstan of which phytochemical analysis has not been reported. The present study found out that this species enriched with antioxidant chemicals. Isolation and structural identification processes reveal twelve phenolic compounds (1-12) having dihydroflavanonol, flavonol, isoflavone and flavanol skeletons. The annotation of individual components in the extract was carried out by LC-ESI-MS/MS to represent a chemotaxonomic marker of the target plant. The antioxidant activities of all compounds were screened using three different radical sources (DPPH, ORAC, and hydroxyl radicals). Most compounds (1-11) had significant antioxidant activity against three radical sources, and their efficacies were found to differ by their functionality and skeleton. The potential of the isolated compounds in preventing oxidative damage of DNA was evaluated with pBR322 plasmid DNA. Compounds (1, 5, 7, and 8) had protective effects on DNA damaged with 80% efficacy at 60 μM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhamal Baiseitova
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Janar Jenis
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zuo Peng Li
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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