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Raman S, Daniele E, Daniele KA, Choudhary A, Purnell CA, Ranzer M. A Scoping Review of Innervated Breast Reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:591-596. [PMID: 38685499 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After breast surgery, patients experience significant alterations to breast sensation, which can diminish quality of life. Nerve coaptation technique, introduced in the 1990s, has gained traction in recent years. We performed a scoping review of the literature to determine the available outcomes in sensate breast reconstruction. METHODS The review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews statement guidelines. EMBASE and PubMed databases were queried using standardized terminology. Studies were included if they reported original sensory outcomes following innervation techniques during breast reconstruction and were published from January 1, 1990, to April 18, 2022. Data extraction and analyses were performed on Microsoft Excel. RESULTS From 602 screened articles, 27 studies met the inclusion criteria. Innervated autologous reconstructive procedures were described in 24, whereas the remaining 3 (all published after 2019) described direct reinnervation of the nipple-areola complex. Most (88.9%) of the studies comparing innervated versus noninnervated reconstruction reported improved sensory outcomes in at least 1 modality. Two studies investigated patient-reported outcomes using validated questionnaires, both of which reported improvement with innervated reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Sensate breast reconstruction has the potential to improve outcomes for patients. There is a recent progressive increase in studies involving direct nipple-areolar reinnervation. Larger, prospective studies are needed to better characterize the quality-of-life outcome using validated scales, as well as evaluate sensory and patient-reported outcomes with implant and autologous reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Raman
- From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Edward Daniele
- From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Akriti Choudhary
- From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Chad A Purnell
- From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew Ranzer
- From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Santiago G, Santiago C, Nguyen A, Choudhary A, Zhao L, Alkureishi LWT, Patel PK, Purnell CA. Alterations in Sphenoid Anatomy in Craniosynostosis: Implications for Fronto-Orbital Advancement. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024:10556656241245514. [PMID: 38567431 DOI: 10.1177/10556656241245514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fronto-orbital advancement involves removal of the fronto-orbital bandeau. Visualization of the saw blade is lost as it passes through the fronto-orbital-sphenoid junction (FOSJ), placing the temporal lobe at risk of injury. We aim to provide a 3D analysis of the space surrounding this osteotomy to differentiate various types of craniosynostoses. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING Institutional. PATIENTS Thirty patients with isolated unicoronal synostosis, nonsyndromic bicoronal synostosis, metopic synostosis, Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, and Muenke syndrome. INTERVENTIONS CT scans conducted between 2 months to 2 years of age were 3D reconstructed to compare craniometrics against normal controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Craniometrics. RESULTS The mean bone thickness of the FOSJ at the level of the supraorbital rim was significantly small for the Apert, unicoronal and bicoronal groups. The mean vertical height of the middle cranial fossa from the lesser sphenoid wing was significantly greater in the unicoronal group. The mean vertical height of the tip of the temporal lobe from the lateral sphenoid ridge was greater in the unicoronal, isolated bicoronal, and Apert groups. The mean corneal protrusion beyond the lateral orbital rim was significantly greater in the Apert and unicoronal groups. The mean horizontal depth of the orbit was smallest in the Apert group. The mean vertical distance between the dacryon and the foramen cecum, and the mean volume of temporal lobe beneath the sphenoid shelf were the largest in the Apert group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with Apert syndrome have the most unfavorable morphology of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Santiago
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiara Santiago
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alvin Nguyen
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Akriti Choudhary
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linping Zhao
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lee W T Alkureishi
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pravin K Patel
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Purnell
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
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Choudhary A, Vandevender J, Yang K, Kazmouz S, Edgar M, Lentskevich M, Juarez C, Mendoza J, Bartelt K, Nguyen A, Purnell CA. Comparison of methodologies for craniofacial soft-tissue cephalometrics: The value of virtual reality. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 91:35-45. [PMID: 38401276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myriad options are available for plastic surgeons to perform soft-tissue analysis, which is vital to perioperative evaluation and research. Our objective is to compare the accuracy, precision, and efficiency of the available cephalometric modalities for conducting facial soft-tissue measurements. METHODS Twenty soft-tissue facial measurements were performed by 5 measurers with varying experiences on 5 adult subjects, using 6 methods-manual calipers, cone-beam CT, virtual reality (VR), 3D stereophotogrammetry, iPad-based 3D photogrammetry, and 2-dimensional photographs. Measurement sessions were timed and performed in triplicate, for a total of 9000 measurements. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for accuracy and one-way ANOVA was used for comparison. The coefficient of variation (CoV) was compared among groups to evaluate the precision of different methods by considering caliper measurements as the gold standard. RESULTS ICC among raters was 0.932, indicating excellent reliability. VR was significantly faster than other methods (137 s vs. 217 s for caliper, p < 0.001). CoV was the highest for 2D photographs and the lowest for VR (11.0 vs. 6.4, p < 0.001). The CoV of the caliper was similar to that of other methods, except for 2D photography, which was significantly higher. Measurements with the greatest absolute difference from caliper measurements, across modalities, were those around the eyes (left to right exocanthion), tragion to antitragion, and tragion to exocanthion. CONCLUSION 2D photography is not an accurate method for cephalometric measurements. VR had the lowest variation between measurements, and was the fastest and equivalent to caliper measurements in accuracy. For studies involving a large number of cephalometrics, VR measurements may be a good option to improve study throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Choudhary
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Vandevender
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin Yang
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sobhi Kazmouz
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Edgar
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marina Lentskevich
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Julius Mendoza
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle Bartelt
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alvin Nguyen
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Purnell
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Shriner's Hospital for Children, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Zielinski E, Santiago CN, Santiago GS, Zelko I, Hlavin R, Choudhary A, Purnell CA. Differences in Practice in Alveolar Bone Grafting Among American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association Members. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:1404-1410. [PMID: 35642289 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221104036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine areas of agreement and disagreement among American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA)members in the clinical practice of alveolar bone grafting (ABG), to guide further research to optimize ABG practices. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The respondents were in an academic, combination, or private practice. The respondents were either plastic or oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) from various countries. A de-identified 24-question online survey was distributed to ACPA surgeon members utilizing the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) tool. Data collected included surgeon specialty, use of various alveolar bone graft surgical techniques, as well as protocols. There was more variability than consensus between specialties with regards to the preoperative workup, timing of surgery, materials used for bone graft, surgical techniques, perioperative management, and postoperative evaluation. There was consensus on grafting during mixed dentition, not staging soft and hard tissue closure, and using iliac crest for primary and secondary grafting. Disagreements involved factors used to time the procedure and type of imaging used to assess viability. Technical differences involved incision type, part of bone grafted, use of minimally invasive technique, and material used for revisions. Aside from areas of consensus among surgeons on ABG, several areas, including use of bone substitutes in revision grafting, incision and type of iliac crest graft used during initial grafting, and postoperative protocols, had no consensus. These areas should be targets of further research to determine if there truly is an optimal method to perform ABG. The study was approved by the University of Illinois at Chicago Institutional Review Board. A de-identified 24-question online survey was distributed to surgeon members of the ACPA utilizing the REDCap tool on August 7, 2020. The survey questions consisted of multiple choice and multiple selection questions including an option to select "other" and specify the information in a blank space. Data collected included surgeon specialty, use of various alveolar bone graft surgical techniques, as well as pre and postoperative protocols. The full survey is included in online Supplemental material. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Statistics 27 (IBM Corp.). Descriptive statistics were performed, and chi-square was used to test for significant differences in survey responses between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Zielinski
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiara N Santiago
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gaia S Santiago
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ian Zelko
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert Hlavin
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Akriti Choudhary
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Purnell
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Craniofacial Center, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
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Choudhary A, Edgar M, Raman S, Alkureishi LW, Purnell CA. Craniometric and Aesthetic Outcomes in Craniosynostosis Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023:10556656231204506. [PMID: 37859464 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231204506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the published comparative aesthetic outcomes, and its determinants, for craniosynostoses surgically treated by minimally-invasive cranial procedures and open cranial vault remodeling (CVR). DESIGN PRISMA-compliant systematic review. SETTING Not-applicable. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Articles were included if they compared spring cranioplasty, strip minimally-invasive craniectomy or CVR for outcomes related to aesthetics or head shape. Forty-two studies were included, comprising 2402 patients. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The craniometric and PROM used to determine surgical outcomes. RESULTS Twenty-five studies (59%) evaluated sagittal craniosynostosis, with metopic (7;17%) and unicoronal (4;10%) the next most prevalent. Thirty-eight studies (90%) included CVR, 24 (57%) included strip craniectomy with helmeting, 9 (22%) included strip craniectomy without helmeting, 11 (26%) included spring cranioplasty, and 3 (7%) included vault distraction. A majority of studies only used 1 (43%) or 2 (14%) craniometric measures to compare techniques. In sagittal synostosis, 13 (59%) studies showed no difference in craniometric outcomes, 5 (23%) showed better results with CVR, 3 (14%) with strip craniectomy, and 1 (5%) with springs. In studies describing other synostoses, 10/14 (71%) were equivocal. Subjective outcome measures followed similar trends. Meta-analysis shows no significant difference in cranial index (CI) outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures in patients with sagittal synostosis. CONCLUSIONS There is no difference in CI outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures. The majority of literature comparing craniometric and aesthetic outcomes between CVR and less invasive procedures shows equivocal results for sagittal synostosis. However, the heterogeneity of data for other craniosynostoses did not allow meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Choudhary
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Edgar
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shreya Raman
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lee W Alkureishi
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Purnell
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shriners Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ramesh R, Kayal S, Manivannan P, Choudhary A, Ganesan P, Sahadevan S, Dubashi B. 218P Prognostic role of apoptotic index in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Choudhary A, Kumar P, Sahu SK, Pradhan C, Singh SK, Gašparović M, Shukla A, Singh AK. Time Series Simulation and Forecasting of Air Quality Using In-situ and Satellite-Based Observations Over an Urban Region. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Air quality is directly associated with the health of society. So, it becomes essential to forecast air pollution, which assumes an imperative part in air pollution warnings and control. A time-series simulation approach was adapted for the forecasting of monthly mean ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, O3, NO2) concentration and Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at an urban traffic site (Mathura Road, CSIR-CRRI) in New Delhi, India. Satellite-based aerosol loading (AOD550) retrieved from the Terra MODIS (Collection 6) enhanced Deep Blue (DB) algorithm was used for further analysis. The analysis considered the average monthly mean concentration of air pollutants and AOD between 2012-2017 and, simulates the concentrations of PM2.5, O3, NO2, and AOD for the same period and then forecasts air quality for the years 2020-2023. The forecasted results were validated with 24 months of in-situ and satellite data from 2018-to and 2019. In the year 2020, observed and simulated results are in lower agreement due to the shutdown of anthropogenic activities to combat pandemic situations. Otherwise, modeled and forecasted results are in good harmony with the in-situ and satellite observations. The results also signify that the time series Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modeling approach can be an effective and simple tool for air pollution simulation and future forecast. The results are evocative concerning the forecast of near future aerosol loading information and will also be profound to address the problems.
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Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated masking in public spaces. Masks may impact the perceived attractiveness of individuals and hence, interpersonal relations. Objectives To determine if facial coverings affect attractiveness. Methods An online survey was conducted using 114 headshot images, 2 each-unmasked and masked-of 57 individuals. Two hundred and seven participants rated them on an ordinal scale from 1 (least attractive) to 10 (most attractive). Parametric and nonparametric tests were performed, as appropriate, for comparison. Results For the first quartile, the average rating increased significantly when wearing a mask (5.89 ± 0.29 and 6.54 ± 0.67; P = 0.01). For control images ranked within the fourth quartile, the average rating decreased significantly when wearing a mask (7.60 ± 0.26 and 6.62 ± 0.55; P < 0.001). In the female subgroup (n = 34), there was a small increase in average rating when masked, whereas in the male subgroup (n = 23), there was a small decrease in average rating when masked, but the change was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). For unmasked female images ranked within the first quartile, the average rating increased significantly when wearing a mask (5.77 ± 0.27 and 6.76 ± 0.36; P = 0.001). For the female subgroup with mean ratings within the fourth quartile, the average decreased significantly when wearing a medical mask (7.53 ± 0.30 and 6.77 ± 0.53; P < 0.05). For unmasked male images ranked within the first quartile, the average rating increased when wearing a medical mask but the change was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), whereas for the control male images within the fourth quartile, the average rating decreased significantly when masked (7.72 ± 0.18 and 6.50 ± 0.54; P < 0.05). Conclusions While wearing a facial covering significantly increased attractiveness for images less attractive at baseline, and decreased attractiveness for those that are more attractive at baseline; it did not cause a significant overall change in attractiveness in the study population. Level of Evidence 5
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bassiri-Tehrani
- Aesthetic plastic surgery fellow, The Center for Plastic Surgery at MetroDerm/Emory Aesthetic Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Jiddu Guart
- Postgraduate year 2 resident, Division of General Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bianca Di Chiaro
- Postgraduate year 3 resident, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad A Purnell
- Corresponding Author: Dr Chad A. Purnell, Division of Plastic Reconstructive & Cosmetic Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 811 S Paulina St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. E-mail:
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Choudhary A, Boudreaux B, Bhullar P, Nelson S, Mangold A, Iyer R. LB889 Risk stratification of squamous cell carcinoma using weakly supervised multitask learning of whole slide images. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Choudhary A, Sandhaus E, Zalawadiya S, Schwartz C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Dutton A, Wigger M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Shah A, Balsara K, Punnoose L, Sacks S, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Hoffman J, McMaster W, Nguyen D, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K. Demographics and Utilization of Hepatitis C Hearts: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Chawla A, Kriplani A, Pandit S, Choudhary A. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) in predicting Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PNL). Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chawla A, Mummlaneni S, Jaidevareddy S, Choudhary A. Direct visual internal urethrotomy versus non-transecting urethroplasty for short segment non traumatic bulbar urethral strictures – a non-randomised prospective observational study from university teaching institution. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Choudhary A, Choudhary DS, Ghatak S. Estimation of Fertilization Rate, Implantation Rate, Pregnancy Rate and Live Birth Rate in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Association with Number of Attempts and Sperm Morphology. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:531-537. [PMID: 33830139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a growing health problem. It affects relatively large number of couples both globally as well as in India. Fertility treatment registers suggest that infertility is on increase. With the advancement in the knowledge and technology about the In Vitro fertilization (IVF) process, In Vitro fertilization success rates are improving over the time. In many cases of male-factor infertility, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the recommended treatment. The aim of this study was to estimate fertilization, implantation and pregnancy rates in ICSI cycles in association with number of attempts and sperm morphology. A total of 250 IVF-ICSI cycles were performed at a Fertility Center in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. This cohort study was performed during 2013 to 2015. The differences in the outcomes of ICSI in association with sperm morphology and number of ICSI attempt were evaluated. Significantly higher mean was observed in fertilization rate and live birth rate with ≥5% sperm morphology 79.63% vs. 71.46% and 20% vs. 13.9% respectively). Significantly higher mean implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate were observed with attempt 3 as compared to 1 and 2 attempts. IVF success rates are improving over the time as knowledge and technology are advancing. Sperm morphology and number of attempt affect the ICSI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Dr Anju Choudhary, Senior Resident, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; E-mail:
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute cellular rejection remains a major cause of morbidity after heart transplantation with up to 30% of patients experiencing at least one rejection episode during the first year. Unfortunately, the mechanism underling rejection remains poorly understood and the gold standard for diagnosing rejection remains frequent cardiac biopsy for rejection surveillance – a process that is both invasive and costly.
Purpose
PD-L1 is a co-inhibitory transmembrane protein that interacts with PD-1 on T cells to inhibit T cell activation. Endothelial PD-L1 expression in the heart has been shown in mouse models to play a key role in attenuating immune-mediated cardiac disease like myocarditis. Recent data that anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapy can lead to myocarditis further supports a role for PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in cardiovascular homeostasis. We hypothesize that PD-L1 expression correlates with rejection severity.
Methods
Endomyocardial biopsy from a cohort of 19 heart transplant patients were analyzed for PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry and image analysis with HALO software. Each patient had biopsies corresponding to 0R, 1R, and 2R grades of rejection (n=57) and thus each patient served as their own internal control. Detailed clinical data was also collected on these patients from the electronic medical record.
Results
Average PD-L1 levels associated with 0R (n=19), 1R (n=21), and 2R (n=17) rejection were 1.54, 9.15, and 18.90 respectively (P<0.001). In patients who were treated for 2R rejection with increased immunosuppression (n=9), PD-L1 levels decreased from an average of 21.72 before treatment to an average of 5.64 after treatment (P<0.05). A multiple regression was run to see if PD-L1 level was associated with right heart pressures, EKG intervals, echo data, or common lab values. Accounting for age, race, and sex, it was found that PD-L1 was significantly associated with PA pressure (P<0.01, beta = 0.45), PCW pressure (P<0.01, beta = 0.42), and BNP (P<0.01, beta = 0.55).
Conclusions
Upregulation of PD-L1 in the heart is strongly associated with severity of cellular rejection after heart transplantation. Successful treatment of rejection with immunosuppression decreases PD-L1 levels. These data suggest that PD-L1 is a potential biomarker for heart transplant rejection. Further correlation of PD-L1 levels with signs of right heart strain (increased PA and PCW pressure) and systolic dysfunction (BNP) supports a clinical picture of PD-L1 as a useful biomarker for detecting both cellular rejection and reversal of rejection after treatment.
Cohort identification and results
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Institutes of Health grants R56 HL141466 and R01 HL141466
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - W Meijers
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - S Besharati
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Q Zhu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - J Lindenfeld
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - M Brinkley
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - R Anders
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - J Moslehi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
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Choudhary A, Martha SC, Chakrabarti A. Modified Method for the Solution of Dual Trigonometric Series Relations. Proc Natl Acad Sci , India, Sect A Phys Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-019-00600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Koyyala V, Jajodia A, Gupta A, Chaturvedhi A, Rao A, Goyal S, Mehta A, Prosch H, Pasricha S, Choudhary A, La Mantia M, BP A, Gupta N, Singh S. P-189 Role of radiomics in clinical prognostication and prediction of survival among a cohort of metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Taleb I, Wever-Pinzon O, Alharethi R, Overton S, Nativi-Nicolau J, Dranow E, Kemeyou L, Choudhary A, Kfoury A, Caine W, McKellar S, Stehlik J, Fang J, Selzman C, Drakos S, Koliopoulou A. Predicting Right Ventricular Failure in Chronic Heart Failure Patients Receiving Left Ventricular Assist Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hamade N, Desai M, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Chalhoub J, Patel M, Duvvuri A, Gorrepati VS, Jegadeesan R, Choudhary A, Sathyamurthy A, Rai T, Gupta N, Sharma P. Efficacy of cryotherapy as first line therapy in patients with Barrett's neoplasia: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32:5487971. [PMID: 31076753 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cryotherapy has been used as salvage therapy; however, its efficacy as first line treatment in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) neoplasia has not been well studied. The aim of this paper was to perform a systematic review to look at the efficacy of cryotherapy as the primary treatment of BE. An electronic database search was performed (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) to search for studies with cryotherapy as the initial primary modality of ablation in patients with BE neoplasia. Studies that included patients with other prior forms of therapy were excluded. The primary outcomes were the pooled rates of complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) and CE of neoplasia (CE-N). Secondary outcomes were recurrence rates of neoplasia and intestinal metaplasia (IM) and adverse events. The statistical software OpenMetaAnalyst was used for analysis with pooled estimates reported as proportions (%) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) with heterogeneity (I2) among studies. The search revealed 6 eligible studies with a total of 282 patients (91.5% male, average age 65.3 years) with 459 person years of follow-up. 69.35% [95% CI (52.1%-86.5%)] of patients achieved CE-IM and 97.9% (95% CI: 95.5%-100%) had CE-N. 7.3% of patients had persistent dysplasia with 4% progressing to cancer. The recurrence rate of neoplasia was 10.4 and that of IM was 19.1 per 100 patient years of follow-up. The overall rate of stricture formation was 4.9%. There are scarce data on the use of cryotherapy as the primary modality for the treatment of BE dysplasia. The published data demonstrate efficacy rates of 69% and 98% for complete eradication of metaplasia and neoplasia, respectively. These results need to be assessed in prospective, comparative trials with other forms of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Desai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - V Thoguluva Chandrasekar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - J Chalhoub
- Division of gastroenterology, baystate medical center
| | - M Patel
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
| | | | - V S Gorrepati
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - A Choudhary
- Division of gastroenterology, kansas city veteran's affair medical center
| | - A Sathyamurthy
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | - T Rai
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | - N Gupta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - P Sharma
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
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Sukriti S, Maras JS, Bihari C, Das S, Vyas AK, Sharma S, Hussain S, Shasthry S, Choudhary A, Premkumar M, Kumar D, Kumar G, Mukhopadhyay C, Kumar A, Trehanpati N, Rautou PE, Moreau R, Sarin SK. Microvesicles in hepatic and peripheral vein can predict nonresponse to corticosteroid therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1151-1161. [PMID: 29460445 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcoholic hepatitis patients have high mortality and limited response to corticosteroids. Microvesicles reflect cellular stress and disease conditions. AIMS To investigate whether microvesicles are associated with severity, response to steroid therapy and inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis. METHODS Microvesicles originating from different cells were studied pre-therapy in 101 patients; (71 responder to corticosteroid therapy and 30 nonresponders) and 20 healthy controls. Microvesicles and cells were determined in peripheral and hepatic vein samples using flow cytometry and correlated with outcomes. Inflammatory signalling pathways and functional alterations of immune cells after stimulation with microvesicles were also investigated. RESULTS Microvesicles mean levels were higher in nonresponders for T cells (CD3+ CD4+ ; 10.1 MV/μL vs 5.4; P = 0.06), macrophages (CD68+ CD11b+ ; 136.5 vs 121.9 MV/μL; P = 0.01), haematopoietic stem-cells (CD45+ CD34+ ; 116.8 vs 13.4 MV/μL; P = 0.0001) and hepatocytes (ASGPR+ ; 470 vs 361 MV/μL; P = 0.01); the latter two predicting steroid nonresponse in 94% patients at baseline in peripheral plasma. Microvesicle levels correlated with histological and liver disease severity indices. Whereas, in non-responders hepatic vein CD34+ cells were lower (P = 0.02), the CD34+ microvesicles there from were higher (P = 0.04), thus suggesting impaired regeneration. Also, microvesicles of 0.2-0.4 μm size were higher in nonresponders (P < 0.03) at baseline. Microvesicles from patients trigger more (P = 0.04) ROS generation, TNF-α production (P = 0.04) and up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine related genes in neutrophils in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Pre-therapy peripheral plasma levels of CD34+ and ASGPR+ microvesicles are reliable non-invasive markers of steroid nonresponse and mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sukriti
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - J S Maras
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - C Bihari
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Vyas
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Hussain
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Shasthry
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - D Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - G Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - C Mukhopadhyay
- Special center for molecular medicine, JNU, Delhi, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - N Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - P E Rautou
- Department of Hepatology, Hopital Beaujon, INSERM U970, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - R Moreau
- Center for Research on Inflammation, Xavier Bichat School of Medicine, INSERM U1149, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - S K Sarin
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India.,Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
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Kasozi R, Choudhary A, Andrus K, Wong R, Randall R, Orovets C, Bali G, Karapetyan L, Gibson M, Fu P, Sloan J. Use of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Support in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sharick JT, Walsh AJ, Sanders ME, Kelley MC, Meszoely IM, Hooks MA, Burkard ME, Esbona K, Choudhary A, Skala MC. Abstract P5-01-01: Personalized neoadjuvant treatment planning using optical metabolic imaging. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Currently, there are no reliable methods to optimize treatment regimens for individual breast cancer patients. Oncologists choose drug treatments based on expression levels of tumor cell signaling receptors (i.e. HER2, ER, PR) and other factors, and assess whether the treatment is effective after significant time has passed. Unfortunately, over one third of patients exhibit resistance to their initial treatment, increasing their risk of future metastasis and death. Morbidities from sub-optimal drug regimens could be reduced with a personalized drug screen for breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. With the vast number of therapeutic options available to patients (>50 drugs approved with more on the way), a high-throughput screening technology is needed to accurately evaluate how a patient will respond to these options.
Here we present Optical Metabolic Imaging (OMI) of tumor-derived organoids as a predictive drug screening platform for individual breast cancer patients. Changes in cell metabolism precede changes in tumor volume and thus present an earlier marker of treatment response. OMI is sensitive to these early changes by exploiting the intrinsic fluorescent properties of NAD(P)H and FAD, coenzymes of metabolic reactions. OMI endpoints include the optical redox ratio (the fluorescence intensity of NAD(P)H divided by the fluorescence intensity of FAD), as well as the fluorescence lifetimes of NAD(P)H and FAD. The redox ratio reflects the cellular redox balance, and the fluorescence lifetimes report on the binding activity of these coenzymes. OMI has the unique ability to non-invasively monitor metabolism in living, intact samples on the single-cell level, and can thus quantify heterogeneity in drug response. Changes were quantified at the single-cell level using the OMI Index, a linear combination of the optical redox ratio and the mean NAD(P)H and FAD fluorescence lifetimes. This index was derived using a multivariate analysis of variance and has been shown previously to correlate with treatment response in human cancer cells. OMI also allows for high-throughput screening of potential cancer drugs and drug combinations on patient biopsy samples cultured ex vivo. These samples are grown as organoids in a 3D matrix that mimics the natural tumor environment.
Organoids were successfully generated from core needle biopsies of untreated breast tumors. These organoids were treated with the patient's prescribed neoadjuvant therapy, and early metabolic changes were quantified using OMI. Organoids grew from a variety of untreated breast tumor subtypes, and early metabolic changes could be resolved at the single-cell level after only 24 hours of treatment in vitro. In parallel, each patient's Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) score was quantified by a surgical pathologist after neoadjuvant treatment and served as gold standard validation of tumor drug response. Results from an early cohort of patients suggest that OMI could be used to predict patient clinical response to therapy. A linear combination of OMI variables measured in vitro in only 48 hours correlated strongly with patient RCB score (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.97, n=5). This methodology could allow oncologists to determine the ideal treatment regimen for their patients at the time of diagnosis.
Citation Format: Sharick JT, Walsh AJ, Sanders ME, Kelley MC, Meszoely IM, Hooks MA, Burkard ME, Esbona K, Choudhary A, Skala MC. Personalized neoadjuvant treatment planning using optical metabolic imaging [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- JT Sharick
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - AJ Walsh
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - ME Sanders
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MC Kelley
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - IM Meszoely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MA Hooks
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - ME Burkard
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - K Esbona
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - A Choudhary
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MC Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
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Choudhary A, Mazumder R, Bhattacharyya S, Chaudhuri P. Synthesis and Characterization of Li4SiO4 Ceramics from Rice Husk Ash by a Solution-Combustion Method. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Choudhary
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - R. Mazumder
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - S. Bhattacharyya
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Chaudhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, TBM Division, Bhat, Gandhinagar-382428, India
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Sahu BS, Adhikari P, Gorinta J, Choudhary A, Mazumder R, Bhattacharyya S, Chaudhuri P. Fabrication and Characterization of Li 2TiO 3 Pebbles by an Extrusion and Spherodization Technique for the Test Blanket Module in a Fusion Reactor. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. S. Sahu
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Adhikari
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - J. Gorinta
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - R. Mazumder
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - S. Bhattacharyya
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Chaudhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, TBM Division, Bhat, Gandhinagar-382428, India
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Choudhary A, Parashar V, Gupta P, Agarwal K. Anaesthetic management of intracranial aneurysm in patient with coarctation of aorta. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Choudhary
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - V. Parashar
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - P. Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - K. Agarwal
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Rajak MK, Thakur R, Choudhary A, Bhaduri I, Kumar S. Titanium elastic nailing in femoral diaphyseal fractures in children of 6-14 years age. Acta Orthop Belg 2016; 82:883-888. [PMID: 29182134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally conservative methods were used in managing paediatric femoral diaphyseal fractures. There has been a renewed interest for operative treatment with Titanium elastic nail system (TENS) in the age group of 6-14 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was done on 20 patients. Two titanium nails were used for stabilization. We followed them for maximum of two years. The results were evaluated using Flynn's scoring criteria. RESULTS In our study we had fifteen males and five females with average age 10.35 years. Average time for fracture union was 9.0 weeks, full weight bearing 9.2 weeks, hospital stay 8.6 days and return to school at 10 weeks. The results were excellent in 14, good in 5 and poor in 1 patient. Most common complication was irritation at nail entry site. No delayed union or nonunion seen. CONCLUSION Treatment of diaphyseal femoral fracture in selected pediatric patients by TENS is reasonably effective.
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Rampurwala MM, Choudhary A, Burkard ME. Abstract P6-13-16: Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) potentiates alisertib (MLN8237) activity in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p6-13-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and Background: An estimated 234,190 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in 2015 with 40,730 deaths (American Cancer Society, 2015). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an overall poor prognosis due to aggressive and early pattern of metastasis and a relative lack of therapeutic targets. Chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment albeit with a dismal response rate (∼25%) to monotherapy. Synergism between two drugs could provide a key advance to enhance effectiveness, decrease resistance and reduce toxicities. Here we focused on discovery of synergism of antiproliferative agents given TNBC is highly proliferative.
Experimental Methods: We assembled a library of antiproliferative agents with unique mechanisms and targets that have subtly different effects on cancer cell proliferation. We performed a novel synergy screen testing 105 unique two-drug combinations in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Our screen was designed to distinguish between synergism and additivity through presence of an internal control and performed in sufficient replicates to identify changes in viability exceeding 5%. We validated hits through Chou Talalay Combination Index (CI), xenograft and mechanistic analyses.
Results: We discovered strong synergy between Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) and Alisertib (MLN8237). Ropidoxuridine is an orally bioavailable pro-drug of IUdR (5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine), with an improved therapeutic index and with promising activity as a radiosensitizer, although it lacks single agent activity. Alisertib is an inhibitor of Aurora A kinase and acts by impairing assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle, thereby activating the spindle assembly checkpoint leading to cancer cell death. Alisertib has demonstrated activity in breast cancer with a response rate of 18% in heavily pretreated patients (Melichar B et.al. Lancet Oncol 16:395-405, 2015). First, Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib combination was validated in cell culture using CI analysis with a mean CI of 0.14; range 0.01-0.67 suggesting strong synergism. A separately performed Live Dead Cell Assay also confirmed synergism (mean CI of 0.79; range: 0.53-1.76) suggesting enhanced anti-proliferative activity of Alisertib in presence of Ropidoxuridine. To assess generalizability, this combination was validated in two other TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-468 and CAL-51. To confirm our hypothesis that in vitro activity of Ropidoxuridine is from its metabolism to IUdR in cancer cells, we demonstrated strong synergy of IUdR and Alisertib (mean CI of 0.12; range 0.01-0.74) at clinically relevant concentrations. To validate synergy in an orthotopic tumor model, Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib single agents and in combination were tested in mice treated with Ropidoxuridine (750 mg/kg/day) and Alisertib (30 mg/kg/day) by gavage. This in vivo model also demonstrated strong synergism. Mechanistically, Ropidoxuridine and IUdR enhance G2/M arrest in response to Alisertib, allowing low dose exposures of Alisertib to be effective.
Conclusions and Future Directions: This study identifies and validates a novel synergy between Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib with a potential for significant clinical implications. We propose evaluating this synergistic drug combination in an early phase clinical trial.
Citation Format: Rampurwala MM, Choudhary A, Burkard ME. Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) potentiates alisertib (MLN8237) activity in triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-13-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- MM Rampurwala
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - A Choudhary
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - ME Burkard
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
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Pahadiya HR, Lakhotia M, Gandhi R, Choudhary A. Nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure as a presenting symptom of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:62-3. [PMID: 26937086 PMCID: PMC4753749 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.168478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Choudhary A, Pati SK, Patro RK, Deorari AK, Dar L. Comparison of conventional, immunological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of symptomatic congenital human cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:15-9. [PMID: 25657137 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the commonest pathogen causing congenital infection globally. The diagnosis of congenital infection is based either on viral isolation (in cell culture) or demonstration of HCMV DNA from the urine. Saliva is also being used as an alternative sample to urine for the same. The objective of this study was to compare the following assays-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from urine, saliva and blood, serology (anti-HCMV IgM) and antigen detection (HCMV pp65 antigenaemia) for the diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urine and blood samples were collected from 31 infants (median age: 13 weeks) with suspected HCMV infection. For 18 infants, additional saliva samples were collected and all the above assays were compared. RESULTS PCR for HCMV DNA from urine and anti-HCMV IgM were performed for all 31 infants. Of these, 22 (70.9%) were positive for both assays. In 18 (of the 22) infants positive by both assays, PCR for HCMV DNA from saliva was positive in all 18 (100%), PCR from blood in 7/18 (38.8%) and HCMV pp65 antigenaemia only in 1/18 (5.5%) of the infants. CONCLUSION Detection of HCMV DNA in urine combined with anti-HCMV IgM are suitable assays to diagnose HCMV infection in infants. Both PCR from the blood and HCMV pp65 antigenaemia lack sensitivity in infants. Salivary PCR combines convenience with high sensitivity and can substitute PCR from urine, especially in the outpatient and field settings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study from India to evaluate salivary PCR for the diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L Dar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Venkateswara Prasad U, Vasu D, Yeswanth S, Swarupa V, Sunitha MM, Choudhary A, Sarma PVGK. Phosphorylation controls the functioning ofStaphylococcus aureusisocitrate dehydrogenase – favours biofilm formation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:655-61. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.959945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dar L, Choudhary A. Ebola virus re-emergence: is it really knocking at our door? Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 32:363. [PMID: 25297017 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Dar
- Department of Microbiology (LD, AC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Chaudhry R, Das A, Premlatha M, Choudhary A, Chaurasia B, Chandel D, Dey A. Authors' response. Indian J Med Res 2013; 138:274. [PMID: 24187714 PMCID: PMC3788218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India,For correspondence:
| | - A. Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - M.M. Premlatha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - B.K. Chaurasia
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - D.S. Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - A.B. Dey
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Purwar M, Kunnawar N, Deshmukh S, Singh A, Mulik I, Taori V, Tayade K, Mahorkar C, Somani A, Saboo K, Choudhary A, Shembekar C, Choudhary S, Ketkar M, Knight HE, Blakey I, Cheikh Ismail L. Implementation of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project in India. BJOG 2013; 120 Suppl 2:94-9, v. [PMID: 23678993 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The South Asian site in the INTERGROWTH-21(st) Project was the city of Nagpur, in Maharashtra State, India, with approximately 4500 births per year among the target population with middle to high socio-economic status. These deliveries are mainly concentrated in 20 small private hospitals, most of which are in the city centre. The sample for the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study (NCSS) was drawn from ten of these hospitals, covering 76% of the target low-risk pregnant population. The Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study (FGLS) sample was recruited from the largest of these institutions, Ketkar Hospital, as well as several ancillary antenatal care clinics. Special activities to encourage participation and raise awareness of the study at this site included translating patient information leaflets into local languages and securing local media interest. Among the unique challenges of the Indian site was the coordination of the large number of hospitals involved in NCSS, a task that required careful planning and organisation by the field teams.
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Chaudhry R, Das A, Premlatha M, Choudhary A, Chourasia B, Chandel D, Dey A. Serological & molecular approaches for diagnosis of leptospirosis in a tertiary care hospital in north India: a 10-year study. Indian J Med Res 2013; 137:785-90. [PMID: 23703348 PMCID: PMC3724261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonosis, is underreported from the northern States of India. This study reports results of a 10-year retrospective sero-epidemiological survey of leptospirosis conducted in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. METHOD A total of 1453 patients clinically suspected for leptospirosis were included and investigated initially by IgM ELISA. A proportion of these were subjected to culture, microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Of the 1453 patients, 391 (26.90%) were positive serologically by IgM ELISA. Seropositive and seronegative patients revealed no significant difference in clinical features and laboratory parameters. Amongst the IgM seropositive cases, culture for leptospires was positive in 5 of 192 (2.6%), MAT in 50 of 138 (36.23%), PCR from blood and urine in 10 of 115 (8.7%) and 10 of 38 (26.31%) cases, respectively. In Leptospira spp. positive patients co-infections with viral hepatitis E, malaria and dengue fever were diagnosed in 27 cases. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS The overall seropositivity for leptospirosis was 26.9 per cent in our study. A decreasing trend in seropositivity was observed in recent years. Co-infections with malaria, dengue, hepatitis A and E were also seen. Since leptospirosis is a treatable disease, correct and rapid diagnosis may help in effective management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Reprint requests: Dr Rama Chaudhry, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India e-mail: ,
| | - A. Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M.M. Premlatha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B.K. Chourasia
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D.S. Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A.B. Dey
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Choudhary A, Lagatsky AA, Kannan P, Sibbett W, Brown CTA, Shepherd DP. Diode-pumped femtosecond solid-state waveguide laser with a 4.9 GHz pulse repetition rate. Opt Lett 2012; 37:4416-4418. [PMID: 23114314 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.004416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first demonstration of a passively mode-locked, diode-pumped, monolithic Yb:glass channel waveguide laser that incorporates a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. Stable and self-starting mode-locking is achieved in a Fabry-Perot cavity configuration producing a pulse repetition rate up to 4.9 GHz. The shortest pulse duration of 740 fs is generated with 30 mW of average output power at a center wavelength of 1058 nm. A maximum output power of 81 mW is produced during mode-locking with corresponding pulse duration of 800 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK
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Gupta E, Kumar A, Choudhary A, Kumar M, Sarin SK. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen levels correlate with high serum HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012; 30:150-4. [PMID: 22664428 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.96664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hallmark of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity for at least 6 months. Recently, serum levels of HBsAg have been compared with serum HBV DNA as a surrogate marker to monitor CHB patients. However, data correlating these two markers are scarce. Hence, the present study was done to correlate HBV DNA with HBsAg in CHB patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients of CHB were included. HBV DNA was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum HBsAg was measured by Architect HBsAg. RESULTS Of the 198 patients enrolled, 166 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (mean age 43 ± 14 years, 87% males) and the median HBV DNA was 1.7 × 10 3 (range 6.0-1.1 × 10 8 ) IU/ml. Median HBsAg was 8.7 × 10 3 (range 5.0-3.2 × 10 5) IU/ml. Overall correlation between HBV DNA and HBsAg was weak but significant (Spearman ρ = 0.443, P < 0.01). Correlation in HBe antigen-positive group was better (ρ = 0.402, P < 0.01) in comparison to HBe antigen-negative group (ρ = 0.193 P = 0.05). Good correlation existed in treatment-naïve group (ρ = 0.538, P < 0.01) .Correlation was regardless of normal or raised alanine transaminase (ALT). Eighty (48%) patients had high HBV DNA (≥ 2000 IU/ml). Correlation in high DNA group was significant (P < 0.01). The best cut-off of HBsAg for diagnosing high DNA is 3.36 ×10 3 IU/ml. CONCLUSIONS Serum HBsAg correlates with HBV DNA in CHB patients, especially in high serum HBV DNA, HBe antigen-positive and treatment-naïve group. HBsAg levels can be used for predicting high serum HBV DNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gupta
- Department of Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), Vasant Kunj, New Delhi - 110 070, India
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Kumar S, Nigam A, Choudhary A, Tadakamadla J, Tibdewal H, Duraiswamy P, Kulkarni S. Influence of lifestyle on oral health behavior among rural residents of Udaipur district, India. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2011; 16:e828-33. [DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gandhi D, Huang J, Choudhary A, Kathuria S. E-051 Upper cervical spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae: an under recognized entity? J Neurointerv Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnis.2010.003251.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Singh G, Choudhary A, Prakash GV, Biradar AM. Anisotropic behavior of water in ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:051707. [PMID: 20866247 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.051707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of water addition in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) has been investigated in uniform and defect-free homogeneous and homeotropically aligned monodomain sample cells from electro-optical and dielectric spectroscopic measurements. The lagging in optical response between nonconducting (spatially variable switching) and conducting (conventional switching) portions of water added FLC sample cell has been observed by frequency-dependent electro-optical studies. The bias-dependent water related new relaxation peak near the conventional Goldstone mode relaxation process has been observed only in the homogeneous alignment and not in the homeotropic one. Further, the significant increment in dielectric anisotropy as well as faster diffusion of water along long molecular axis than short molecular axis has also been monitored. These studies strongly suggest that the distribution of water is anisotropic in FLC medium and could be the reason for new relaxation peak in the water added FLC sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Singh
- Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Bechtold
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
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Prakash J, Choudhary A, Mehta DS, Biradar AM. Effect of carbon nanotubes on response time of ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:012701. [PMID: 19658752 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.012701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of the fast electro-optic response of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-doped deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHFLC). The fastening of the response in MWCNTs-doped DHFLC has been attributed to the decrease in rotational viscosity and increase in anchoring energy. The decrease in the former is due to the experience of the torque both by MWCNTs and DHFLC and perturbation of order parameter of the DHFLC while the increase in the latter is due to the pi-pi electrons stacking between the MWCNTs, DHFLC molecules, and alignment layers. The increase in conductance in doped cells has also been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Instrument Design and Development Center, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
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Dhillon RS, Choudhary A, Chou J. HS07�COMPARISON OF BETADINE PAINT AND PLASTIC BAG IMMERSION TECHNIQUES FOR SURGICAL SITE SKIN PREPARATION IN HAND SURGERY. ANZ J Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04918_7.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen JH, Choudhary A, de Supinski B, DeVries M, Hawkes ER, Klasky S, Liao WK, Ma KL, Mellor-Crummey J, Podhorszki N, Sankaran R, Shende S, Yoo CS. Terascale direct numerical simulations of turbulent combustion using S3D. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1749-4699/2/1/015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Othman MO, Bradley AG, Choudhary A, Hoffman RM, Roy PK. Variable stiffness colonoscope versus regular adult colonoscope: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Endoscopy 2009; 41:17-24. [PMID: 19160154 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The variable stiffness colonoscope (VSC) may have theoretical advantages over standard adult colonoscopes (SACs), though data are conflicting. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the efficacies of the VSC and SAC. STUDY DESIGN We searched Medline (1966 - 2008) and abstracts of gastroenterology scientific meetings in the 5 years to February 2008, only for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of adult patients. Trial quality was assessed using the Delphi list. In a meta-analysis with a fixed effects model, cecal intubation rates, cecal intubation times, abdominal pain scores, sedation used, and use of ancillary maneuvers, were compared in separate analyses, using weighted mean differences (WMDs), standardized mean differences (SMDs), or odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS Seven RCTs satisfied the inclusion criteria (1923 patients), four comparing VSC with SAC procedures in adults, and three evaluating the pediatric VSC. There was no significant heterogeneity among the studies. The overall trial quality was adequate. Cecal intubation rate was higher with the use of VSC (OR = 2.08, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.29 to 3.36). The VSC was associated with lower abdominal pain scores and a decreased need for sedation during colonoscopy. Cecal intubation time was similar for the two colonscope types (WMD = - 0.21 minutes, 95 % CI - 0.85 to 0.43). Because of the nature of the intervention no studies were blinded. There was no universal method for using the VSC. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the SAC, VSC use was associated with a higher cecal intubation rate, less abdominal pain, and decreased need for sedation. However, cecal intubation times were similar for the two colonoscope types.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Othman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center/New Mexico VA Health Care Systems, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Prakash J, Choudhary A, Kaur S, Mehta DS, Biradar AM. Memory effect in weakly anchored surfaces of deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 78:021707. [PMID: 18850852 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.021707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A wide-range memory effect in deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals (DHFLCs) has been investigated by electro-optical and textural methods. A comparative study has been performed on strongly and weakly anchored surfaces of DHFLC cells. The saturation voltage has been compared in both types of cells by studying the variation of tilt angle and spontaneous polarization with applied voltage. The long-lasting memory effect has been observed in untreated (weakly anchored) cells. It has been proposed that perfect memory in DHFLC cells without any surface treatment is due to the possibility of the absence of depolarization and ionic charges over the surfaces of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012, India
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Khurana D, Choudhary A, Mahant T, Sahoo M. OFF PUMP CABG IN SEVERE LV DYSFUNCTION PATIENTS. Heart Lung Circ 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2007.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcome of modified laser dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) for primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction, unresponsive to probing. METHODS Retrospective, noncomparative case-note review of all paediatric cases operated between September 2000 and November 2003. PROCEDURE A fibre optic light, inserted through the canaliculi into the lacrimal sac was visualized endonasally. Nasal mucosa was incised using a keratome and a bony ostium was created with the Holmium : YAG laser. Bicanalicular silicone tubes were inserted. RESULTS Five children with a mean follow-up of 25.6 months (range 21-48 months) and a mean age of 7 years were reviewed. Silicone tubes were used in four patients and were removed at a mean 6.5 months (range 3-9 months). One patient developed a mucocele 6 months after the procedure requiring excision of the membrane covering the ostium. There were no other immediate or late postoperative complications. Complete cure of symptoms was achieved in all patients and was maintained at final follow up. CONCLUSION Modified paediatric laser DCR appears to be an encouraging technique for primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction unresponsive to probing. This may be attributable to the modification of excision of mucous membrane, which may prevent regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leighton Hospital, Crewe, Cheshire, UK.
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Abstract
Understanding the inherent response of water to an external electric (E)-field is useful towards decoupling the role of E-field and surface in several practically encountered situations, such as that near an ion, near a charged surface, or within a biological nanopore. While this problem has been studied in some detail through simulations in the past, it has not been very amenable for theoretical analysis owing to the complexities presented by the hydrogen (H) bond interactions in water. It is also difficult to perform experiments with water in externally imposed, high E-fields owing to dielectric breakdown problems; it is hence all the more important that theoretical progress in this area complements the progress achieved through simulations. In an attempt to fill this lacuna, we develop a theory based on relatively simple concepts of reaction equilibria and Boltzmann distribution. The results are discussed in three parts: one pertaining to a comparison of the key features of the theory vis a vis published simulation/experimental results; second pertaining to insights into the H-bond stoichiometry and molecular orientations at different field strengths and temperatures; and the third relating to a surprising but explainable finding that H-bonds can stabilize molecules whose dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the direction of field (in addition to the E-field and H-bonds both stabilizing molecules with dipoles aligned in the direction of the field).
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Suresh
- Unilever Research India, Hindustan Lever Research Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore.
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Sharma DC, Choudhary A, Sharma DK. Maximum residue limit and risk assessment of spiromesifen (BAY BSN 2060; Oberon 240SC) on tea (Camellia sinensis (L) O' Kuntze). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005; 75:768-74. [PMID: 16400559 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-005-0817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 07/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D C Sharma
- Department of Entomology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India
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Choudhary A, Kyle G. Underestimating the importance of amblyopia: flawed methodology? Eye (Lond) 2005; 19:349; author reply 350-1. [PMID: 15258608 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6701464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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