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Bertoldo G, Broccanello C, Tondello A, Cappellozza S, Saviane A, Kovitvadhi A, Concheri G, Cullere M, Stevanato P, Zotte AD, Squartini A. Determining the hierarchical order by which intestinal tract, administered diet, and individual relay can shape the gut microbiome of fattening quails. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298321. [PMID: 38512802 PMCID: PMC10956773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A bacterial metabarcoding approach was used to compare the microbiome composition of caecal and faecal samples from fattening Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed three different diet regimes. The tested feedstuffs included (1) a commercial diet for fattening quails, (2) a commercial diet containing 12% full-fat silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae meal, and (3) a commercial diet containing 12% defatted silkworm pupae meal. The aim of the experiment was to verify the relative effect of three variables (diet type, gut tract comparing caecum to rectum, and individual animal) in determining the level of bacterial community dissimilarity to rank the relevance of each of the three factors in affecting and shaping community composition. To infer such ranking, the communities resulting from the high-throughput sequencing from each sample were used to calculate the Bray-Curtis distances in all the pairwise combinations, whereby identical communities would score 0 and totally different ones would yield the maximum distance, equal to 1. The results indicated that the main driver of divergence was the gut tract, as distances between caecal and faecal samples were higher on average, irrespective of diet composition, which scored second in rank, and of whether they had been sampled from the same individual, which was the least effective factor. Simpson's species diversity indexes was not significantly different when comparing tracts or diets, while community evenness was reduced in full-fat silkworm diet-fed animals. The identities of the differentially displayed taxa that were statistically significant as a function of gut tract and diet regimen are discussed in light of their known physiological and functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bertoldo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Broccanello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tondello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Cappellozza
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Sericulture Laboratory of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Saviane
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Sericulture Laboratory of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Attawit Kovitvadhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Giuseppe Concheri
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Cullere
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, MAPS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Dalle Zotte
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, MAPS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Giagnoni L, Deb S, Tondello A, Zardinoni G, De Noni M, Franchin C, Vanzin A, Arrigoni G, Masi A, Stevanato P, Cecchinato A, Squartini A, Spanu C. The impact of milk storage temperatures on cheese quality and microbial communities at dairy processing plant scale. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113101. [PMID: 37689865 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Cheese production is an applied biotechnology whose proper outcome relies strictly on the complex interactive dynamics which unfold within defined microbial groups. These may start being active from the collection of milk and continue up to its final stages of maturation. One of the critical parameters playing a major role is the milk refrigeration temperature before pasteurization as it can affect the proportion of psychrotrophic taxa abundance in the total milk bacterial population. While a standard temperature of 4 °C is the common choice, due to its general growth control effect, it does have a potential drawback. This is due to the fact that some cold-tolerant genera present a proteolytic activity with uncompleted proliferation, which could negatively affect curd clotting and regular cheese maturation. Moreover, accidental thermal variations of milk before cheese-making, in a plus or minus direction, can occur both at farm collection sites and during transfer to dairy plant. This present research, directly commissioned by a major fresh cheese-producing company, includes an in-factory trial. In this trial, a gradient of temperatures from 4 °C to 13 °C, which were subsequently reversed, was purposely adopted to: (a) verify sensory alterations in the resulting product at different maturation stages, and, (b) analyze, in parallel, using DNA extraction and 16S-metabarcoding sequencing from the same samples, the presence, abundance and corresponding taxonomical identity of all the bacteria featured in communities found in milk and cheese samples. Overall, 1,714 different variants were detected and sorted into 394 identified taxa. Significant bacterial community shifts in cheese were observed in response to milk refrigeration temperature and subsequently associated with samples having altered scores in sensory panel tests. In particular, proteolytic psychrotrophes were outcompeted by Enterobacteriales and by other taxa at the peak temperature of 13 °C, but aggressively increased in the descent phases, upon the cooling down of milk to values of 7 °C. Relevant clues have been collected for better anticipation of thermal abuse effects or parameter variations allowing for improved handling of technical processing conditions by the cheese manufacturing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Giagnoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari (SS), Italy; Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy.
| | - Saptarathi Deb
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Alessandra Tondello
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Giulia Zardinoni
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Michele De Noni
- Latteria Montello S.p.A. Via Fante d'Italia 26, 31040 Giavera del Montello (TV), Italy
| | - Cinzia Franchin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Alice Vanzin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 587b, 35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, (PD), Italy
| | - Carlo Spanu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari (SS), Italy
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Tondello A, Fasolo A, Marcato S, Treu L, Bonato T, Zanardi W, Concheri G, Squartini A, Baldan B. Characterization of bacterial communities isolated from municipal waste compost and screening of their plant-interactive phenotypes. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150592. [PMID: 34592304 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four batches of commercial compost obtained from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste were analyzed from chemical and microbiological standpoints. The working hypothesis was that, being this type of compost derived partly from plant waste, it could contain plant-growth promoting bacterial endophytes, prone to be active again upon its usual delivery as fertilizer. Culturable bacteria were isolated at different temperatures, quantified by colony morphology, identified taxonomically by 16S sequencing and screened for plant-growth promoting phenotypes including auxin and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization and peptide mineralization to ammonia. In parallel, the total community was assessed by culture independent DNA metabarcoding. The capability of plants to select, uptake and internally multiply bacteria from these compost samples was analyzed using grapevine in-vitro rooting cuttings from which acquired bacteria were reisolated, quantified and their identities determined as above. Major differences in compost bacterial composition were observed as function of the season, with the winter sample being rather distinct from the summer ones. Bacillales and Actinomycetales dominated the culturable communities while Alteromonadales, Oceanospirillales and Flavobacteriales prevailed in the total community. In spite of the challenging composting cycle conditions, the plant nature of the main input substrates appeared determinant in guaranteeing that 82% of the culturable bacteria were found endowed with one or more of the plant growth-promoting phenotypes tested. Beside its fertilization role, compost proved to be also a potential inoculant carrier for the in-soil delivery of plant beneficial microorganisms. Furthermore, upon an in vitro passage through grapevine plants under axenic conditions, the subsequently recoverable endophyte community yielded also members of the Rhizobiales order which had not been detectable when culturing directly from compost. This observation further suggests that compost-borne plant-interacting taxa could be also rescued from non-culturable states and/or enriched above detectability levels by a contact with their potential host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tondello
- Department of Biology, UniPD, Padova, Italy; Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), UniPD, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Treu
- Department of Biology, UniPD, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bonato
- Società Estense Servizi Ambientali S.E.S.A., Este, PD, Italy
| | - Werner Zanardi
- Società Estense Servizi Ambientali S.E.S.A., Este, PD, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Concheri
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), UniPD, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), UniPD, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Department of Biology, UniPD, Padova, Italy; Botanical Garden, UniPD, Padova, Italy.
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Nigris S, Baldan E, Tondello A, Zanella F, Vitulo N, Favaro G, Guidolin V, Bordin N, Telatin A, Barizza E, Marcato S, Zottini M, Squartini A, Valle G, Baldan B. Biocontrol traits of Bacillus licheniformis GL174, a culturable endophyte of Vitis vinifera cv. Glera. BMC Microbiol 2018; 18:133. [PMID: 30326838 PMCID: PMC6192205 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus licheniformis GL174 is a culturable endophytic strain isolated from Vitis vinifera cultivar Glera, the grapevine mainly cultivated for the Prosecco wine production. This strain was previously demonstrated to possess some specific plant growth promoting traits but its endophytic attitude and its role in biocontrol was only partially explored. In this study, the potential biocontrol action of the strain was investigated in vitro and in vivo and, by genome sequence analyses, putative functions involved in biocontrol and plant-bacteria interaction were assessed. Results Firstly, to confirm the endophytic behavior of the strain, its ability to colonize grapevine tissues was demonstrated and its biocontrol properties were analyzed. Antagonism test results showed that the strain could reduce and inhibit the mycelium growth of diverse plant pathogens in vitro and in vivo. The strain was demonstrated to produce different molecules of the lipopeptide class; moreover, its genome was sequenced, and analysis of the sequences revealed the presence of many protein-coding genes involved in the biocontrol process, such as transporters, plant-cell lytic enzymes, siderophores and other secondary metabolites. Conclusions This step-by-step analysis shows that Bacillus licheniformis GL174 may be a good biocontrol agent candidate, and describes some distinguished traits and possible key elements involved in this process. The use of this strain could potentially help grapevine plants to cope with pathogen attacks and reduce the amount of chemicals used in the vineyard. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1306-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Nigris
- Botanical Garden and Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Baldan
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriella Favaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Bordin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Squartini
- DAFNAE Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Baldan
- Botanical Garden and Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Trovato A, Seno F, Zanardo M, Alberghini S, Tondello A, Squartini A. Quorum vs. diffusion sensing: a quantitative analysis of the relevance of absorbing or reflecting boundaries. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 352:198-203. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Trovato
- CNISM and Department of Physics and Astronomy “Galileo Galilei”; Università di Padova; Padova Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Padova Italy
| | - Flavio Seno
- CNISM and Department of Physics and Astronomy “Galileo Galilei”; Università di Padova; Padova Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Padova Italy
| | - Marina Zanardo
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources and Environment DAFNAE; Università di Padova; Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Sara Alberghini
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources and Environment DAFNAE; Università di Padova; Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Alessandra Tondello
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources and Environment DAFNAE; Università di Padova; Legnaro (Padova) Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources and Environment DAFNAE; Università di Padova; Legnaro (Padova) Italy
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Torche A, Benhizia H, Rosselli R, Romoli O, Zanardo M, Baldan E, Alberghini S, Tondello A, Baldan B, Benguedouar A, Squartini A, Benhizia Y. Characterization of bacteria associated with nodules of two endemic legumes of Algeria, Hedysarum naudinianum and H. perrauderianum. ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Paoletti MG, Mazzon L, Martinez-Sañudo I, Simonato M, Beggio M, Dreon AL, Pamio A, Brilli M, Dorigo L, Engel AS, Tondello A, Baldan B, Concheri G, Squartini A. A unique midgut-associated bacterial community hosted by the cave beetle Cansiliella servadeii (Coleoptera: Leptodirini) reveals parallel phylogenetic divergences from universal gut-specific ancestors. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:129. [PMID: 23758657 PMCID: PMC3695770 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cansiliella servadeii (Coleoptera) is an endemic troglobite living in deep carbonate caves in North-Eastern Italy. The beetle constantly moves and browses in its preferred habitat (consisting in flowing water and moonmilk, a soft speleothem colonized by microorganisms) self-preens to convey material from elytra, legs, and antennae towards the mouth. We investigated its inner and outer microbiota using microscopy and DNA-based approaches. Results Abundant microbial cell masses were observed on the external appendages. Cansiliella’s midgut is fully colonized by live microbes and culture-independent analyses yielded nearly 30 different 16S phylotypes that have no overlap with the community composition of the moonmilk. Many of the lineages, dominated by Gram positive groups, share very low similarity to database sequences. However for most cases, notwithstanding their very limited relatedness with existing records, phylotypes could be assigned to bacterial clades that had been retrieved from insect or other animals’ digestive traits. Conclusions Results suggest a history of remote separation from a common ancestor that harboured a set of gut-specific bacteria whose functions are supposedly critical for host physiology. The phylogenetic and coevolutionary implications of the parallel occurrences of these prokaryotic guilds appear to apply throughout a broad spectrum of animal diversity. Their persistence and conservation underlies a possibly critical role of precise bacterial assemblages in animal-bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio G Paoletti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Muresu R, Tondello A, Polone E, Sulas L, Baldan B, Squartini A. Antioxidant treatments counteract the non-culturability of bacterial endophytes isolated from legume nodules. Arch Microbiol 2013; 195:385-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-013-0886-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tondello A, Vendramin E, Villani M, Baldan B, Squartini A. Fungi associated with the southern Eurasian orchid Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall. Fungal Biol 2012; 116:543-9. [PMID: 22483052 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The hitherto unknown relationships between the European orchid Spiranthes spiralis (L.) Chevall and its internally associated fungi were explored by a combined approach involving microscopy-based investigations at a morpho-histological level as well as by molecular analyses of the identity of the eukaryotic endophytes present in the root tissue of the plant. We found that this orchid which is currently reported to have a vulnerable status in northern Italy, can host and interact with at least nine types of fungi. Some of these fungi show similarity to mycorrhizal genera found in orchids such as the Ceratobasidium-Rhizoctonia group. Other fungi found are from the genera Davidiella (Ascomycota), Leptosphaeria (Ascomycota), Alternaria (Ascomycota), and Malassezia (Basidiomycota), some of which until have not previously been reported to have an endophytic relationship with plants. The repeated occurrence of often pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, Bionectria ochroleuca, and Alternaria sp., within healthy specimens of this orchid suggests a tempered interaction with species that are sometimes deleterious to non-orchid plants. The fact is reminiscent of the symbiotic compromise established by orchids with fungi of the rhizoctonia group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tondello
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università di Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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Vendramin E, Gastaldo A, Tondello A, Baldan B, Villani M, Squartini A. Identification of two fungal endophytes associated with the endangered orchid Orchis militaris L. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 20:630-636. [PMID: 20372038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A survey of the endangered orchid Orchis militaris populations was carried out in north-eastern Italy. The occurrence of fungal root endophytes was investigated by light and electron microscopies and molecular techniques. Two main sites of presence were individuated in the Euganean Hills, differing as to the percentage of flowering individuals and of capsules completing maturity. Fluorescence microscopy revealed an intracellular cortical colonization by hyphal pelotons. Two ITS PCR products co-amplified. Sequencing revealed for the former an identity and a high similarity (99%) with a Tulasnellaceae (Basidiomycota) fungus found within tissues of the same host in independent studies in Hungary and Estonia, suggesting an interesting case of tight specificity throughout the Eurosiberian home range. The second amplicon had 99% similarity with Tetracladium species (Ascomycota) recently demonstrated as potential endophytes. TEM revealed two different hyphal structures. Double fungal colonization appears to occur in Orchis militaris and the possible requirement of a specific fungal partner throws light on the causes of this plant's rarity and threatened status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vendramin
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università di Padova, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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Muresu R, Polone E, Sulas L, Baldan B, Tondello A, Delogu G, Cappuccinelli P, Alberghini S, Benhizia Y, Benhizia H, Benguedouar A, Mori B, Calamassi R, Dazzo FB, Squartini A. Coexistence of predominantly nonculturable rhizobia with diverse, endophytic bacterial taxa within nodules of wild legumes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2008; 63:383-400. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Fragala I, Condorelli G, Tondello A, Cassol A. Photoelectron spectroscopy of f-element coordination compounds. 1. .beta.-Diketonate complexes of uranium(IV), thorium(IV), zirconium(IV), and dioxouranium(VI). Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50189a043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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