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Barcellini A, Fodor A, Charalampopoulou A, Cassani C, Locati LD, Cioffi R, Bergamini A, Pignata S, Orlandi E, Mangili G. Radiation Therapy for Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: Forward-Looking Lessons Learnt. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4817. [PMID: 37835511 PMCID: PMC10571950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) includes several rare malignant diseases occurring after pregnancy: invasive moles, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumours, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumours. Multidisciplinary protocols including multi-agent chemotherapy, surgery, and occasionally radiotherapy achieve good outcomes for some high-risk metastatic patients. In this narrative review of the published studies on the topic, we have tried to identify the role of radiotherapy. The available studies are mainly small, old, and retrospective, with incomplete data regarding radiotherapy protocols delivering low doses (which can make this disease appear radioresistant in some cases despite high response rates with palliative doses) to wide fields (whole-brain, whole-liver, etc.), which can increase toxicity. Studies considering modern techniques are needed to overcome these limitations and determine the full potential of radiotherapy beyond its antihemorrhagic and palliative roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Barcellini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Andrei Fodor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Hadron Academy PhD Course, Istituto Universitario di STUDI Superiori (IUSS), 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Cassani
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS, Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Deborah Locati
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Translational Oncology Unit, Maugeri Clinical Research Institutes IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cioffi
- Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Alice Bergamini
- Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Mangili
- Unit of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
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Charalampopoulou A, Barcellini A, Frittitta GE, Fulgini G, Ivaldi GB, Magro G, Liotta M, Orlandi E, Pullia MG, Tabarelli de Fatis P, Facoetti A. In Vitro Effects of Photon Beam and Carbon Ion Radiotherapy on the Perineural Invasion of Two Cell Lines of Neurotropic Tumours. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:794. [PMID: 36983949 PMCID: PMC10056732 DOI: 10.3390/life13030794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary mucosal melanoma (PMM) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are two aggressive malignancies, characterized by intrinsic radio-chemoresistance and neurotropism, a histological feature resulting in frequent perineural invasion (PNI), supported by neurotrophic factors secreted in the tumour microenvironment (TME), such as neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) could represent an effective option in unresectable PMM and PDAC. Only a few data about the effects of CIRT on PNI in relation to NT-3 are available in the literature, despite the numerous pieces of evidence revealing the peculiar effects of this type of radiation on tumour cell migration. This in vitro study investigated for the first time the response of PMM and PDAC cells to NT-3 and evaluated the effects of conventional photon beam radiotherapy (XRT) and CIRT on cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Our results demonstrated the greater capacity of C-ions to generally decrease cell viability, proliferation, and migration, while the addition of NT-3 after both types of irradiation determined an increase in these features, maintaining a dose-dependent trend and acting more effectively as a chemoattractant than inductor in the case of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Hadron Academy PhD Course, Istituto Universitario di STUDI Superiori (IUSS), 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Amelia Barcellini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Emanuele Frittitta
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Biology and Biotechnology Department, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fulgini
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Biology and Biotechnology Department, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Magro
- Medical Physics Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Liotta
- Medical Physics Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Giuseppe Pullia
- Physics Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Angelica Facoetti
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Barcellini A, Mangili G, Fodor A, Secondino S, Zerbetto F, Charalampopoulou A, Pignata S, Orlandi E, Bergamini A. Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the ovary: What is the role of radiotherapy? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 181:103889. [PMID: 36503888 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary have an indolent behavior and a good prognosis, but a high incidence of local recurrence after surgery. The best treatment in the recurrent setting is unclear and randomized clinical trials on the management in the recurrent setting are lacking. The role of radiotherapy is controversial in adjuvant settings and unknown in case of relapse after surgery. This review aims to summarize the level of evidence of the role of radiation treatments for granulosa cell tumors of the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Barcellini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia.
| | - Giorgia Mangili
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrei Fodor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Secondino
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Flavia Zerbetto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Radiobiology Unit, Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandro Pignata
- Department of Urology and Gynecology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli, Italy
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Bergamini
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Charalampopoulou A, Barcellini A, Ciocca M, Di Liberto R, Pasi F, Pullia MG, Orlandi E, Facoetti A. Factors released by low and high-LET irradiated fibroblasts modulate migration and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1003494. [PMID: 36313689 PMCID: PMC9597630 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1003494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Radiotherapy represents a major treatment option for patients with pancreatic cancer, however, its benefits remain limited also due to the ability of cancer cells to migrate to the surrounding tissues. Low-LET ionizing radiation is well known to promote tumor cell migration and invasion, nevertheless, little data provided by studies using high-LET radiation has led to ambiguous findings. What is hypothesized to be fundamental in the modulation of migration of tumor cells exposed to ionizing radiation is the influence of the microenvironment. Therefore, the properties of cells that populate the tumor stroma cannot be ignored when studying the influence of radiation on the migratory and invasive capacity of cancer cells. This is especially important in the case of pancreatic malignancies that are characterized by an abundance of stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are known to orchestrate the cross-talk with tumor cells. Aim The current study aims to investigate whether the presence of factors released by irradiated fibroblasts affects the migratory and invasive capacity of pancreatic cancer cells exposed to different doses of photons or C-ions. Materials and methods AsPC-1 and AG01522 cells were irradiated with the same dose of photons or C-ions at room temperature. Through Boyden chamber assay, we tested whether factors secreted by irradiated fibroblasts may influence tumor cell migration, while the invasiveness of AsPC-1 cells was assessed using matrigel precoated inserts in which medium collected from non-irradiated (0 Gy), photon and C-ion irradiated fibroblasts, was added. Data were analyzed by Student t-test using GraphPad software. The mean ± s.d. was determined with a significance level of p<0.05. Results In the presence of conditioned medium collected from 1 Gy and 2 Gy photon irradiated fibroblasts, the number of migrated tumor cells increased (P<0.0360, P<0.0001) but decreased at 4 Gy dose (P<0.002). There was a trend of reduction in migration (P<0.0460, P<0.038, P<0.0024, P<0.0002), as well as a decrease in invasiveness (P<0.0525, P<0.0035, P<0.0868, P<0.0310) after exposure to 0.5 Gy, 1 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy of C-ions. Conclusions The presence of irradiated fibroblasts affected the invasiveness capability of pancreatic cancer cells, probably by the reciprocal release of soluble factors whose production is differently modulated after high or low-LET radiation. Understanding the effects of irradiation on the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells is of utmost importance for improving the outcome and tailoring the therapeutic approach. This challenging scenario requires a continuous and multidisciplinary approach that involves clinicians together with researcher experts in oncological and radiation treatment. In the last years, including preclinical experiences in a multidisciplinary approach has proved to be a winning strategy in clinical oncological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Research and Development Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alexandra Charalampopoulou, ; Amelia Barcellini,
| | - Amelia Barcellini
- Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alexandra Charalampopoulou, ; Amelia Barcellini,
| | - Mario Ciocca
- Medical-Physics Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Liberto
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Pasi
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Giuseppe Pullia
- Research and Development Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Ester Orlandi
- Clinical Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Angelica Facoetti
- Research and Development Department, National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
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Pulagam KR, Henriksen-Lacey M, B Uribe K, Renero-Lecuna C, Kumar J, Charalampopoulou A, Facoetti A, Protti N, Gómez-Vallejo V, Baz Z, Kumar V, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Altieri S, Cossío U, Di Silvio D, Martínez-Villacorta AM, Ruiz de Angulo A, Rejc L, Liz-Marzán LM, Llop J. In Vivo Evaluation of Multifunctional Gold Nanorods for Boron Neutron Capture and Photothermal Therapies. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49589-49601. [PMID: 34643365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer demand more innovative approaches and combination therapies to increase treatment efficacy and decrease off-target side effects. We describe a boron-rich nanoparticle composite with potential applications in both boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Our strategy is based on gold nanorods (AuNRs) stabilized with polyethylene glycol and functionalized with the water-soluble complex cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ([3,3'-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]-), commonly known as COSAN. Radiolabeling with the positron emitter copper-64 (64Cu) enabled in vivo tracking using positron emission tomography imaging. 64Cu-labeled multifunctionalized AuNRs proved to be radiochemically stable and capable of being accumulated in the tumor after intravenous administration in a mouse xenograft model of gastrointestinal cancer. The resulting multifunctional AuNRs showed high biocompatibility and the capacity to induce local heating under external stimulation and trigger cell death in heterogeneous cancer spheroids as well as the capacity to decrease cell viability under neutron irradiation in cancer cells. These results position our nanoconjugates as suitable candidates for combined BNCT/PTT therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Malou Henriksen-Lacey
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Kepa B Uribe
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Carlos Renero-Lecuna
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Jatish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Alexandra Charalampopoulou
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Angelica Facoetti
- Research and Development Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Protti
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Vished Kumar
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Saverio Altieri
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Pavia Section, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Desire Di Silvio
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Angel M Martínez-Villacorta
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Ane Ruiz de Angulo
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Science & Technology Park bld 801 A, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastian 20014, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Fakiri E, Papaefstathiou E, Paulou K, Charalampopoulou A, Bassoulis D, Kosmopoulou A, Papafrangas E. P1991 Comparison of Gen-Probe A-MTD test and GenoType Mycobacteria Direct 3.0 test in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and four nontuberculous mycobacteria in clinical samples. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Charalampopoulou A, Petridou E, Spyridopoulos T, Dessypris N, Oikonomou A, Athanasiadou-Piperopoulou F, Baka M, Kalmanti M, Polychronopoulou S, Trichopoulos D. An integrated evaluation of socioeconomic and clinical factors in the survival from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a study in Greece. Eur J Cancer Prev 2004; 13:397-401. [PMID: 15452452 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200410000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An evaluation of the role of socioeconomic factors in the survival of children with leukaemia, controlling for major clinical prognostic indicators, has been attempted in very few studies and the role of these factors may be different in various cultural settings. Our investigation aims to study the independent role of socioeconomic factors on the prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in Greece. During a 7-year period (1996-2002) 293 cases of incident ALL were diagnosed and followed up in four Childhood Haematology-Oncology Units, which covered over half of all childhood ALL cases nationwide. At the time of diagnosis, information concerning age, gender, maternal schooling, maternal marital status, sibship size, distance of residence from the treating centre, attendance of day care centre and clinical information was recorded. The influence of these factors on survival was studied by modelling the data through Cox's proportional-hazards regression. After adjustment for clinical prognostic factors, children of mothers who were not currently married, were of low educational level or were living far from the treating centre tended to have lower survival (P-values 0.02, 0.14 and 0.08, respectively). There was also evidence that two factors that are predictive of disease occurrence, that is sibship size and attendance of day care centre, may also predict survival (P-values 0.04 and 0.26, respectively). In conclusion, socioeconomic factors are likely to influence survival from ALL at least in some sociocultural contexts. Moreover, there is evidence that factors that could affect incidence of ALL through modulation of herd immunity may also have prognostic implications for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Charalampopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School, Greece
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