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Epure A, Pârvu AE, Vlase L, Benedec D, Hanganu D, Oniga O, Vlase AM, Ielciu I, Toiu A, Oniga I. New Approaches on the Anti-Inflammatory and Cardioprotective Properties of Taraxacum officinale Tincture. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030358. [PMID: 36986458 PMCID: PMC10053582 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present research investigated the in vivo anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activities, as well as the antioxidant potential of Taraxacum officinale tincture (TOT), in relation to the polyphenolic composition. Chromatographic and spectrophotometric techniques were used to determine the polyphenolic profile of TOT and the antioxidant activity was preliminarily assessed in vitro by DPPH• and FRAP spectrophotometric methods. The in vivo anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activities were studied in rat turpentine-induced inflammation and in rat isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction (MI) models. The main polyphenolic compound identified in TOT was cichoric acid. The oxidative stress determinations showed the capacity of the dandelion tincture not only to decrease the total oxidative stress (TOS), the oxidative stress index (OSI), and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), but also the malondialdehide (MDA), thiols (SH), and nitrites/nitrates (NOx) levels both in inflammation and MI models. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatin kinase-MB (CK-MB), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) parameters were decreased by the administration of the tincture. The results show that T. officinale could be considered a valuable source of natural compounds with important benefits in pathologies linked to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Epure
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina E. Pârvu
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela Benedec
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Oniga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Toiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Epure A, Pârvu AE, Vlase L, Benedec D, Hanganu D, Gheldiu AM, Toma VA, Oniga I. Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Romanian Chicory Extract. Plants (Basel) 2020; 10:E64. [PMID: 33396775 PMCID: PMC7823840 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyzed the methanol extract and tincture obtained from the spontaneous Romanian Cichorium intybus species, in order to evaluate polyphenols content and some biological properties. Chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods were used for the analysis of polyphenols and the antioxidant capacity was assessed in vitro with DPPH● (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazil) and FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) tests. The cardio-protective effects of Cichorii herba tincture on myocardial ischemia induced by isoprenaline and nephroprotection on renal failure induced by gentamicin were evaluated on rats. Also, aspartate aminotrasferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and creatinine clearance (CrCl) were measured. The antioxidant effect was evaluated by determining total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondyaldehide (MDA), total thiols (SH) and total nitrites and nitrates (NOx). Cichoric acid was the main polyphenolic compound. The extracts had moderate in vitro antioxidant activity but the in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were significant and associated with myocardial and renal dysfunction improvement. The results were attributed to the content of polyphenols in the extracts, for which reason C. intybus may be considered an important raw material for pharmaceuticals formulations recommended in the prevention or treatment of heart or kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Epure
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.); (D.B.); (D.H.); (I.O.)
| | - Alina E. Pârvu
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Benedec
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.); (D.B.); (D.H.); (I.O.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.); (D.B.); (D.H.); (I.O.)
| | - Ana-Maria Gheldiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Vlad Al. Toma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babeș Bolyai” University, 11 Arany János Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 V. Babeș Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.E.); (D.B.); (D.H.); (I.O.)
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Pârvu M, Moţ CA, Pârvu AE, Mircea C, Stoeber L, Roşca-Casian O, Ţigu AB. Allium sativum Extract Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Antifungal Effect against Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Causing Onychomycosis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213958. [PMID: 31683743 PMCID: PMC6865177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a major health problem due to its chronicity and resistance to therapy. Because some cases associate paronychia, any therapy must target the fungus and the inflammation. Medicinal plants represent an alternative for onychomycosis control. In the present work the antifungal and antioxidant activities of Alium sativum extract against Meyerozyma guilliermondii (Wick.) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (A. Jörg.) F.C. Harrison, isolated for the first time from a toenail onychomycosis case, were investigated. The fungal species were confirmed by DNA molecular analysis. A. sativum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and ultrastructural effects were examined. At the MIC concentration (120 mg/mL) the micrographs indicated severe structural alterations with cell death. The antioxidant properties of the A. sativum extract were evaluated is a rat turpentine oil induced inflammation, and compared to an anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, and the main compound from the extract, allicin. A. sativum reduced serum total oxidative status, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide production, and increased total thiols. The effects were comparable to those of allicin and diclofenac. In conclusion, the garlic extract had antifungal effects against M. guilliermondii and R. mucilaginosa, and antioxidant effect in turpentine-induced inflammation. Together, the antifungal and antioxidant activities support that A. sativum is a potential alternative treatment in onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Pârvu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cătălin A Moţ
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Alina E Pârvu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Mircea
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Leander Stoeber
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Oana Roşca-Casian
- Alexandru-Borza Botanical Garden, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adrian B Ţigu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Boșca AB, Ilea A, Sorițău O, Tatomir C, Miklášová N, Pârvu AE, Mihu CM, Melincovici CS, Fischer-Fodor E. Modulatory effect of curcumin analogs on the activation of metalloproteinases in human periodontal stem cells. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:304-312. [PMID: 31270880 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis progresses due to increased levels of active metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the imbalance between MMPs and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). Natural curcumin limits the lytic activity of MMPs but has low cellular uptake. Use of synthetic curcumin analogs could be a means of overcoming this limitation of treatment efficiency. Human periodontal stem cells were isolated from gingival tissue, gingival ligament fibers, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The effect of five synthetic curcumin analogs was compared with that of natural curcumin by assessing cytotoxicity [by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay], the cellular uptake (by fluorometry), the proteolytic activities of MMP-2 and -9 (by zymography), and the levels of TIMP-1 (by ELISA). Our results indicated increased cytotoxicity of synthetic curcumins for doses between 100 and 250 μM. At a concentration of 10 μM, cellular uptake of synthetic curcumins varied depending on their chemical structure. The curcumin compounds modulated pro-MMP-2 levels and increased TIMP-1 production. There was no detectable synthesis of pro-MMP-9 and no activation of MMPs 2 and 9. Gingival tissue and gingival ligament fiber stem cells were most responsive to treatment, showing inverse correlations between pro-MMP-2 and TIMP-1 levels. In conclusion, synthetic curcumins influenced the balance between pro-MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in human periodontal stem cells in vitro, and this could open perspectives for their application as adjuvants in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina B Boșca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Sorițău
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Tatomir
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Natalia Miklášová
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alina E Pârvu
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen M Mihu
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen S Melincovici
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Medfuture Research Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj Napoca, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Toiu A, Mocan A, Vlase L, Pârvu AE, Vodnar DC, Gheldiu AM, Moldovan C, Oniga I. Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and in Vivo Anti-inflammatory Activity of Traditionally Used Romanian Ajuga laxmannii (Murray) Benth. ("Nobleman's Beard" - Barba Împăratului). Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:7. [PMID: 29551972 PMCID: PMC5840282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Romanian folk medicine, aerial parts of Ajuga laxmannii ("nobleman's beard," Romanian - "barba boierului" or "avrămească" or "creştinească") are traditionally used as galactagogue and anti-inflammatory agents. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition (polyphenols, iridoids, and phytosterols), antioxidant, antimicrobial and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of A. laxmannii aerial parts. The major identified bioactive compounds were rutin, 8-O-acetylharpagide and β-sitosterol. The antioxidant activity of A. laxmannii extracts was evaluated using several methods, and the results showed good antiradical effects. Moreover, the antimicrobial evaluation showed a potent antifungal activity against C. albicans and P. funiculosum. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect was determined by monitoring some parameters involved in the inflammatory process. The results obtained showed differences between the analyzed extracts; and therefore the importance of choosing the best solvent in order to extract the appropriate amount of bioactive compounds. A. laxmannii ethanol extract showed an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing total leukocytes, PMN, phagocytosis, and oxidative stress. Compared to diclofenac, only the 50 mg/mL A. laxmannii extract had better anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects, and this could justify the importance of a correlation between the activity and the used concentration. These findings strongly suggest that A. laxmannii could be considered as a valuable source of bioactive compounds, which could be further valued as anti-inflammatory agents in the composition of several herbal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Toiu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina E. Pârvu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Gheldiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cadmiel Moldovan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ilioara Oniga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Pârvu AE, Tălu S, Taulescu MA, Bota A, Cătoi F, Crăciun C, Alb C, Pârvu O, Alb SF. Fractal analysis of ibuprofen effect on experimental dog peri-implantitis. IMPLANT DENT 2014; 23:295-304. [PMID: 24844390 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the fractal analysis of gingival changes and systemic nitro-oxidative stress in a short-term low-dose ibuprofen (IBU) treatment at experimental peri-implantitis (PI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Six adult male mixed-breed dogs with PI were randomly treated for 2 weeks, 3 with IBU (5 mg/kg b.w.) and 3 with placebo. Clinical and radiological evaluation were performed. Gingival biopsies were assessed by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fractal analysis. Blood was collected to assay nitric oxide (NOx), total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant response (TAR), and oxidative stress index (OSI). RESULTS Specific gingival ultrastructural alterations, bone loss, and systemic nitro-oxidative stress were evident in PI-placebo animals. IBU caused significant clinical, microscopic, fractal dimensions (P < 0.01), NOx, TOS, and OSI improvements. IBU caused no important bone and TAR changes. CONCLUSION This study confirms that fractal analysis was a good method to assess the complex morphological changes and correlations with the nitro-oxidative stress in PI. Short-term low-dose IBU treatment consistently improved gingival status and reduced systemic nitro-oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina E Pârvu
- *Associate Professor, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. †Associate Professor, Department of AET, Discipline of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ‡Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. §PhD Student, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ‖Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ¶Professor, Electron Microscopy Center, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. #Associate Professor, Department of Propedeutics and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. **Doctoral Student, Department of Information Systems and Computing, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom. ††Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Porfire AS, Leucuţa SE, Kiss B, Loghin F, Pârvu AE. Investigation into the role of Cu/Zn-SOD delivery system on its antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity in rat model of peritonitis. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:670-6. [PMID: 24948070 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study evaluated the role of delivery system (solution, conventional liposomes and PEG-ylated liposomes) on superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis. METHODS Fifty male albino rats (Wistar-Bratislava) were divided into five groups (n=10). Control group received saline and the other four groups received intraperitoneal injections of LPS (5mg/kg). Among the LPS-injected groups, one was LPS control group and the other three groups received the endotoxin injection 30min after receiving the same dose of SOD (500U/kg, ip) in different delivery systems: saline solution (SOD-S), conventional liposomes (SOD-L) or PEG-ylated liposomes (SOD-PL). The animals were euthanized 6h after LPS injection, blood samples were collected and acute phase response (total and differential leukocytes count; tumor necrosis factor α), antioxidants (total antioxidants; reduced glutathione), oxidative stress (total oxidants; lipid peroxidation) and nitrosative stress (nitric oxide metabolites; nitrotyrosine) were evaluated. RESULTS Intraperitoneal administration of LPS to rats induced a marked inflammatory and oxidative response in plasma. On the other hand, all SOD formulations had protective effect against endotoxin-induced inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress, but PEG-ylated liposomes had the most significant activity. Thus, SOD-PL administration significantly reduced the effects of LPS on bone marrow acute phase response, the oxidative status and production of nitric oxide metabolites, while increasing the markers of antioxidant response in a significant manner. CONCLUSION SOD supplementation interferes both with inflammatory and oxidative pathways involved in LPS-induced acute inflammation, PEG-ylated liposomal formulation being of choice among the tested delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina S Porfire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sorin E Leucuţa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bela Kiss
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Felicia Loghin
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina E Pârvu
- Department of Physiopathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Pârvu AE, Ţălu Ş, Crăciun C, Alb SF. Evaluation of scaling and root planing effect in generalized chronic periodontitis by fractal and multifractal analysis. J Periodontal Res 2014; 49:186-96. [PMID: 23668776 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Fractal and multifractal analysis are useful additional non-invasive methods for quantitative description of complex morphological features. However, the quantitative and qualitative assessment of morphologic changes within human gingival cells and tissues are still unexplored. The aim of this work is to assess the structural gingival changes in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP), before and after scaling and root planing (SRP) by using fractal and multifractal analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve adults with untreated chronic periodontitis were treated only by SRP. At baseline and after SRP, gingivomucosal biopsies were collected for histopathological examination. Fractal and multifractal analysis of digital images of the granular, spinous and basal and conjunctive layers structure, using the standard box-counting method was performed. The fractal dimension was determined for cell membrane, nuclear membrane of cell and nucleolus membrane of cell. RESULTS In GCP a higher fractal dimension corresponds to a higher geometric complexity of cells contour, as its values increase when the contour irregularities increase. The generalized fractal dimensions were determined for the conjunctive layer structure of patients with GCP and patients with GCP and SRP. The fractal and multifractal analysis of gingival biopsies confirmed earlier findings that SRP reduces gingival injury in patients with GCP. CONCLUSION It has been shown that fractal and multifractal analysis of tissue images as a non-invasive technique could be used to measure contrasting morphologic changes within human gingival cells and tissues and can provide detailed information for investigation of healthy and diseased gingival mucosa from patients with GCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Pârvu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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