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Dohms MC, Rocha A, Rasenberg E, Dielissen P, Thoonen B. Peer assessment in medical communication skills training in programmatic assessment: A qualitative study examining faculty and student perceptions. Med Teach 2023:1-9. [PMID: 38157436 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2023.2285248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current literature recommends assessment of communication skills in medical education combining different settings and multiple observers. There is still a gap in understanding about whether and how peers assessment facilitates learning in communication skills training. METHODS We designed a qualitative study using focus group interviews and thematic analysis, in a medical course in the Netherlands. We aimed to explore medical students' and teachers' experiences, perceptions, and perspectives about challenges and facilitating factors in PACST (Peer assessment in medical communication skills training). RESULTS Most of the participants reported that peer feedback was a valuable experience when learning communication skills. The major challenges for the quality and credibility of PACST reported by the participants are the question whether peer feedback is critical enough for learning and the difficulty of actually engaging students in the assessment process. CONCLUSION Teachers reviewing students' peer assessments may improve the quality and their credibility and the reviewed assessments can best be used for learning purposes. We suggest to pay sufficient attention to teachers' roles in PACST, ensuring a safe and trustworthy environment and additionally helping students to internalize the value of being vulnerable during the evaluation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Dohms
- Clinique Bouchard, Marseille, France
| | - A Rocha
- DASA (Diagnósticos da América S/A), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - P Dielissen
- Medisch Centrum Onder de Linde, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - B Thoonen
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Pinto ACPN, Piva SR, Rocha A, Gomes-Neto M, Atallah ÁN, Saconato H, Trevisani VF. Digital technology for delivering and monitoring exercise programs for people with cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 6:CD014605. [PMID: 37294546 PMCID: PMC10251804 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014605.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although exercise is recommended as part of the cystic fibrosis (CF) therapeutic routine, adherence to exercise is still limited. Digital health technologies can provide easy-to-access health information and may help improve healthcare and outcomes in individuals with long-term conditions. However, its effects for delivering and monitoring exercise programs in CF have not yet been synthesized. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits and harms of digital health technologies for delivering and monitoring exercise programs, increasing adherence to exercise regimens, and improving key clinical outcomes in people with CF. SEARCH METHODS We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was 21 November 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs of digital health technologies for delivering or monitoring exercise programs in CF. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were 1. physical activity, 2. self-management behavior, and 3. pulmonary exacerbations. Our secondary outcomes were 4. usability of technologies, 5. quality of life, 6. lung function, 7. muscle strength, 8. exercise capacity, 9. physiologic parameters, and 10. ADVERSE EVENTS We used GRADE to assess certainty of evidence. MAIN RESULTS We identified four parallel RCTs (three single-center and one multicenter with 231 participants aged six years or older). The RCTs evaluated different modes of digital health technologies with distinct purposes, combined with diverse interventions. We identified important methodologic concerns in the RCTs, including insufficient information on the randomization process, blinding of outcome assessors, balance of non-protocol interventions across groups, and whether the analyses performed corrected for bias due to missing outcome data. Non-reporting of results may also be a concern, especially because some planned outcome results were reported incompletely. Furthermore, each trial had a small number of participants, resulting in imprecise effects. These limitations on the risk of bias, and on the precision of effect estimates resulted in overall low- to very low-certainty evidence. We undertook four comparisons and present the findings for our primary outcomes below. There is no information on the effectiveness of other modes of digital health technologies for monitoring physical activity or delivering exercise programs in people with CF, on adverse events related to the use of digital health technologies either for delivering or monitoring exercise programs in CF, and on their long-term effects (more than one year). Digital health technologies for monitoring physical activity Wearable fitness tracker plus personalized exercise prescription compared to personalized exercise prescription alone One trial (40 adults with CF) evaluated this outcome, but did not report data for any of our primary outcomes. Wearable fitness tracker plus text message for personalized feedback and goal setting compared to wearable fitness tracker alone The evidence is very uncertain about the effects of a wearable fitness tracker plus text message for personalized feedback and goal setting, compared to wearable technology alone on physical activity measured by step count at six-month follow-up (mean difference [MD] 675.00 steps, 95% confidence interval [CI] -2406.37 to 3756.37; 1 trial, 32 participants). The same study measured pulmonary exacerbation rates and reported finding no difference between groups. Web-based application to record, monitor, and set goals on physical activity plus usual care compared to usual care alone Using a web-based application to record, monitor, and set goals on physical activity plus usual care may result in little to no difference on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity measured via accelerometry compared to usual care alone at six-month follow-up (MD -4 minutes/day, 95% CI -37 to 29; 1 trial, 63 participants). Low certainty-evidence from the same trial suggests that the intervention may result in little to no difference on pulmonary exacerbations during 12 months of follow-up (median 1 respiratory hospitalization, interquartile range [IQR] 0 to 3) versus control (median 1 respiratory hospitalization, IQR 0 to 2; P = 0.6). Digital health technologies for delivering exercise programs Web-based versus face-to-face exercise delivery The evidence is very uncertain about the effects of web-based compared to face-to-face exercise delivery on adherence to physical activity as assessed by the number of participants who completed all exercise sessions after three months of intervention (risk ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.23; 1 trial, 51 participants). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence is very uncertain about the effects of an exercise program plus the use of a wearable fitness tracker integrated with a social media platform compared with exercise prescription alone and on the effects of receiving a wearable fitness tracker plus text message for personalized feedback and goal setting, compared to a wearable fitness tracker alone. Low-certainty evidence suggests that using a web-based application to record, monitor, and set goals on physical activity plus usual care may result in little to no difference in time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, total time spent in activity, pulmonary exacerbations, quality of life, lung function, and exercise capacity compared to usual care alone. Regarding the use of digital health technologies for delivering exercise programs in CF, the evidence is very uncertain about the effects of using a wearable fitness tracker plus personalized exercise prescription compared to personalized exercise prescription alone. Further high-quality RCTs, with blinded outcome assessors, reporting the effects of digital health technologies on clinically important outcome measures, such as physical activity participation and intensity, self-management behavior, and the occurrence of pulmonary exacerbations in the long term are needed. The results of six ongoing RCTs identified through our searches may help clarify the effects of different modes of digital health technologies for delivering and monitoring exercise programs in people with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Cochrane Brazil, Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Departamento de Medicina de Urgência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Evidence-Based Health Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara R Piva
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aline Rocha
- Cochrane Brazil, Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação Tecnológica em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mansueto Gomes-Neto
- Departamento de Biofunção, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Álvaro N Atallah
- Cochrane Brazil, Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação Tecnológica em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Humberto Saconato
- Department of Medicine, Santa Casa de Campo Mourão, Campo Mourão, Brazil
| | - Virginia Fm Trevisani
- Medicina de Urgência and Rheumatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo and Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira D, Assis A, Hora JB, Moreira A, Melo J, Rocha A, Nahas S, Carnevale F. Abstract No. 40 Embolization of the Superior and Middle Rectal Arteries for the Treatment of Symptomatic Hemorrhoidal Disease using the Combination of Metallic Coils and Microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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long D, Rice P, Sawyer T, Rocha A, Galvez D, Barton J, Heusinkveld J. Optical coherence tomography for the detection of thermal injury in an ex-vivo porcine ureter model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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Lima J, Rodrigues M, Eulálio M, Rocha A. Intermediate meals and the place of consumption - Which relationship? Int J Gastron Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Rocha A, Pinto ACPN, Pachito DV, Drager LF, Lorenzi-Filho G, Atallah ÁN. Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 2:CD012922. [PMID: 36861808 PMCID: PMC9981303 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012922.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term central sleep apnoea (CSA) encompasses diverse clinical situations where a dysfunctional drive to breathe leads to recurrent respiratory events, namely apnoea (complete absence of ventilation) and hypopnoea sleep (insufficient ventilation) during sleep. Studies have demonstrated that CSA responds to some extent to pharmacological agents with distinct mechanisms, such as sleep stabilisation and respiratory stimulation. Some therapies for CSA are associated with improved quality of life, although the evidence on this association is uncertain. Moreover, treatment of CSA with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation is not always effective or safe and may result in a residual apnoea-hypopnoea index. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits and harms of pharmacological treatment compared with active or inactive controls for central sleep apnoea in adults. SEARCH METHODS We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was 30 August 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included parallel and cross-over randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated any type of pharmacological agent compared with active controls (e.g. other medications) or passive controls (e.g. placebo, no treatment or usual care) in adults with CSA as defined by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3rd Edition. We did not exclude studies based on the duration of intervention or follow-up. We excluded studies focusing on CSA due to periodic breathing at high altitudes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were central apnoea-hypopnoea index (cAHI), cardiovascular mortality and serious adverse events. Our secondary outcomes were quality of sleep, quality of life, daytime sleepiness, AHI, all-cause mortality, time to life-saving cardiovascular intervention, and non-serious adverse events. We used GRADE to assess certainty of evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS We included four cross-over RCTs and one parallel RCT, involving a total of 68 participants. Mean age ranged from 66 to 71.3 years and most participants were men. Four trials recruited people with CSA associated with heart failure, and one study included people with primary CSA. Types of pharmacological agents were acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), buspirone (anxiolytic), theophylline (methylxanthine derivative) and triazolam (hypnotic), which were given for between three days and one week. Only the study on buspirone reported a formal evaluation of adverse events. These events were rare and mild. No studies reported serious adverse events, quality of sleep, quality of life, all-cause mortality, or time to life-saving cardiovascular intervention. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors versus inactive control Results were from two studies of acetazolamide versus placebo (n = 12) and acetazolamide versus no acetazolamide (n = 18) for CSA associated with heart failure. One study reported short-term outcomes and the other reported intermediate-term outcomes. We are uncertain whether carbonic anhydrase inhibitors compared to inactive control reduce cAHI in the short term (mean difference (MD) -26.00 events per hour, 95% CI -43.84 to -8.16; 1 study, 12 participants; very low certainty). Similarly, we are uncertain whether carbonic anhydrase inhibitors compared to inactive control reduce AHI in the short term (MD -23.00 events per hour, 95% CI -37.70 to 8.30; 1 study, 12 participants; very low certainty) or in the intermediate term (MD -6.98 events per hour, 95% CI -10.66 to -3.30; 1 study, 18 participants; very low certainty). The effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors on cardiovascular mortality in the intermediate term was also uncertain (odds ratio (OR) 0.21, 95% CI 0.02 to 2.48; 1 study, 18 participants; very low certainty). Anxiolytics versus inactive control Results were based on one study of buspirone versus placebo for CSA associated with heart failure (n = 16). The median difference between groups for cAHI was -5.00 events per hour (IQR -8.00 to -0.50), the median difference for AHI was -6.00 events per hour (IQR -8.80 to -1.80), and the median difference on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for daytime sleepiness was 0 points (IQR -1.0 to 0.00). Methylxanthine derivatives versus inactive control Results were based on one study of theophylline versus placebo for CSA associated with heart failure (n = 15). We are uncertain whether methylxanthine derivatives compared to inactive control reduce cAHI (MD -20.00 events per hour, 95% CI -32.15 to -7.85; 15 participants; very low certainty) or AHI (MD -19.00 events per hour, 95% CI -30.27 to -7.73; 15 participants; very low certainty). Hypnotics versus inactive control Results were based on one trial of triazolam versus placebo for primary CSA (n = 5). Due to very serious methodological limitations and insufficient reporting of outcome measures, we were unable to draw any conclusions regarding the effects of this intervention. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of pharmacological therapy in the treatment of CSA. Although small studies have reported positive effects of certain agents for CSA associated with heart failure in reducing the number of respiratory events during sleep, we were unable to assess whether this reduction may impact the quality of life of people with CSA, owing to scarce reporting of important clinical outcomes such as sleep quality or subjective impression of daytime sleepiness. Furthermore, the trials mostly had short-term follow-up. There is a need for high-quality trials that evaluate longer-term effects of pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Rocha
- Cochrane Brazil. Núcleo de Avaliação Tecnologica em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Cochrane Brazil. Núcleo de Avaliação Tecnologica em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil; Biological and Health Sciences Department, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano F Drager
- Unidades de Hipertensao, Instituto do Coraçao (InCor) e Disciplina de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Cardiologia, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
- Laboratório do Sono, Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto Incor do Coração (INCOR), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Álvaro N Atallah
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, São Paulo, Brazil; Cochrane Brazil. Núcleo de Avaliação Tecnologica em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alves FJO, Ramos D, Paixão ES, Falcão IR, de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva R, Fiaccone R, Rasella D, Teixeira C, Machado DB, Rocha A, de Almeida MF, Goes EF, Rodrigues LC, Ichihara MY, Aquino EML, Barreto ML. Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e230070. [PMID: 36821115 PMCID: PMC9951038 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been consistently associated with improvements to the determinants of maternal health, but there have been insufficient investigations regarding their effects on maternal mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between being a Bolsa Família program (BFP) beneficiary and maternal mortality and to examine how this association differs by duration of BFP receipt, maternal race, living in rural or urban areas, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and municipal primary health care coverage. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional analysis was nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort. Girls and women aged 10 to 49 years (hereinafter referred to as women) who had at least 1 live birth were included, using data from Brazilian national health databases linked to the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort (January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015). Propensity score kernel weighting was applied to control for sociodemographic and economic confounders in the association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality, overall and stratified by different subgroups (race, urban or rural area, and MHDI), and duration of BFP receipt. Data were analyzed from July 12, 2019, to December 31, 2022. MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURES Maternal death. RESULTS A total of 6 677 273 women aged 10 to 49 years were included in the analysis, 4056 of whom had died from pregnancy-related causes. The risk of maternal death was 18% lower in women who received BFP (weighted odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.93]). A longer duration receiving BFP was associated with an increased reduction in maternal mortality (OR for 1-4 years, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75-0.97]; OR for 5-8 years, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.60-0.82]; OR for ≥9 years, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.53-0.88]). Receiving BFP was also associated with substantial increases in the number of prenatal appointments and interbirth intervals. The reduction was more pronounced in the most vulnerable groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort found an association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality. This association was of greater magnitude in women with longer exposure to BFP and in the most vulnerable groups. These findings reinforce evidence that programs such as BFP, which have already proven effective in poverty reduction, have great potential to improve maternal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Jôse O. Alves
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Dandara Ramos
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- Iyaleta Research Association, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Enny S. Paixão
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- Infectious Disease Department, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ila R. Falcão
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire Fiaccone
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Davide Rasella
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila Teixeira
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Daiane Borges Machado
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aline Rocha
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuelle F. Goes
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
- Iyaleta Research Association, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Laura C. Rodrigues
- Infectious Disease Department, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Yury Ichihara
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Estela M. L. Aquino
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maurício L. Barreto
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Center for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil
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Bieger A, Rocha A, Bellaver B, Machado L, Da Ros L, Borelli WV, Therriault J, Macedo AC, Pascoal TA, Gauthier S, Rosa-Neto P, Zimmer ER. Neuroinflammation Biomarkers in the AT(N) Framework Across the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023; 10:401-417. [PMID: 37357281 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
In the past years, neuroinflammation has been widely investigated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence from animal, in vivo and post-mortem studies has shown that inflammatory changes are a common feature of the disease, apparently happening in response to amyloid-beta and tau accumulation. Progress in imaging and fluid biomarkers now allows for identifying surrogate markers of neuroinflammation in living individuals, which may offer unprecedented opportunities to better understand AD pathogenesis and progression. In this context, inflammatory mediators and glial proteins (mainly derived from microglial cells and astrocytes) seem to be the most promising biomarkers. Here, we discuss the biological basis of neuroinflammation in AD, revise the proposed neuroinflammation biomarkers, describe what we have learned from anti-inflammatory drug trials, and critically discuss the potential addition of these biomarkers in the AT(N) framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bieger
- Dr. Eduardo R. Zimmer, PhD, BPharm, Assistant Professor Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 90035-003, e-mail: , Phone: +55 51 3308-5558, Website: www.zimmer-lab.org
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is characterised by abnormal patterns of ventilation during sleep due to a dysfunctional drive to breathe. Consequently, people with CSA may present poor sleep quality, sleep fragmentation, inattention, fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and reduced quality of life. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPV) for the treatment of adults with CSA. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus on 6 September 2021. We applied no restrictions on language of publication. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and scanned the reference lists of included studies to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reported in full text, those published as abstract only, and unpublished data. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias of the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool version 1.0, and the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. In the case of disagreement, a third review author was consulted. MAIN RESULTS We included 15 RCTs with a total of 1936 participants, ranging from 10 to 1325 participants. All studies had important methodological limitations. We assessed most studies (11 studies) as at high risk of bias for at least one domain, and all studies as at unclear risk of bias for at least two domains. The trials included participants aged > 18 years old, of which 70% to 100% were men, who were followed from one week to 60 months. The included studies assessed the effects of different modes of NIPV and CSA. Most participants had CSA associated with chronic heart failure. Because CSA encompasses a variety of causes and underlying clinical conditions, data were carefully analysed, and different conditions and populations were not pooled. The findings for the primary outcomes for the seven evaluated comparisons are presented below. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) plus best supportive care versus best supportive care in CSA associated with chronic heart failure In the short term, CPAP plus best supportive care may reduce central apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) (mean difference (MD) -14.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) -20.11 to -9.09; 1 study; 205 participants). However, CPAP plus best supportive care may result in little to no difference in cardiovascular mortality compared to best supportive care alone. The evidence for the effect of CPAP plus best supportive care on all-cause mortality is very uncertain. No adverse effects were observed with CPAP, and the results for adverse events in the best supportive care group were not reported. Adaptive servo ventilation (ASV) versus CPAP in CSA associated with chronic heart failure The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of ASV versus CPAP on quality of life evaluated in both the short and medium term. Data on adverse events were not reported, and it is not clear whether data were sought but not found. ASV versus bilevel ventilation in CSA associated with chronic heart failure In the short term, ASV may result in little to no difference in central AHI. No adverse events were detected with ASV, and the results for adverse events in the bilevel ventilation group were not reported. ASV plus best supportive care versus best supportive care in CSA associated with chronic heart failure In the medium term, ASV plus best supportive care may reduce AHI compared to best supportive care alone (MD -20.30, 95% CI -28.75 to -11.85; 1 study; 30 participants). In the long term, ASV plus best supportive care likely increases cardiovascular mortality compared to best supportive care (risk ratio (RR) 1.25, 95% CI 1.04, 1.49; 1 study; 1325 participants). The evidence suggests that ASV plus best supportive care may result in little to no difference in quality of life in the short, medium, and long term, and in all-cause mortality in the medium and long term. Data on adverse events were evaluated but not reported. ASV plus best supportive care versus best supportive care in CSA with acute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction Only adverse events were reported for this comparison, and no adverse events were recorded in either group. ASV versus CPAP maintenance in CPAP-induced CSA In the short term, ASV may slightly reduce central AHI (MD -4.10, 95% CI -6.67 to -1.53; 1 study; 60 participants), but may result in little to no difference in quality of life. Data on adverse events were not reported, and it is not clear whether data were sought but not found. ASV versus bilevel ventilation in CPAP-induced CSA In the short term, ASV may slightly reduce central AHI (MD -8.70, 95% CI -11.42 to -5.98; 1 study; 30 participants) compared to bilevel ventilation. Data on adverse events were not reported, and it is not clear whether data were sought but not found. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS CPAP plus best supportive care may reduce central AHI in people with CSA associated with chronic heart failure compared to best supportive care alone. Although ASV plus best supportive care may reduce AHI in people with CSA associated with chronic heart failure, it likely increases cardiovascular mortality in these individuals. In people with CPAP-induced CSA, ASV may slightly reduce central AHI compared to bilevel ventilation and to CPAP. In the absence of data showing a favourable impact on meaningful patient-centred outcomes and defining clinically important differences in outcomes in CSA patients, these findings need to be interpreted with caution. Considering the level of certainty of the available evidence and the heterogeneity of participants with CSA, we could draw no definitive conclusions, and further high-quality trials focusing on patient-centred outcomes, such as quality of life, quality of sleep, and longer-term survival, are needed to determine whether one mode of NIPV is better than another or than best supportive care for any particular CSA patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Cochrane Brazil, Health Technology Assessment Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Biological and Health Sciences Department, Federal University of Amapa, Amapá, Brazil
- Post-graduation program in Evidence-based Health, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Rocha
- Cochrane Brazil, Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano F Drager
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Cardiology Center, Hospital Sírio Libanes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
- Laboratorio de Sono, Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Carvalho D, Rafael S, Monteiro A, Rodrigues V, Lopes M, Rocha A. How well have CMIP3, CMIP5 and CMIP6 future climate projections portrayed the recently observed warming. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11983. [PMID: 35835803 PMCID: PMC9283450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the dire conclusions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Reports in terms of global warming and its impacts on Earth’s climate, ecosystems and human society, a skepticism claiming that the projected global warming is alarmist or, at least, overestimated, still persists. Given the years passed since the future climate projections that served as basis for the IPCC 4th, 5th and 6th Assessment Reports were released, it is now possible to answer this fundamental question if the projected global warming has been over or underestimated. This study presents a comparison between CMIP3, CMIP5 and CMIP6 future temperature projections and observations. The results show that the global warming projected by all CMIPs and future climate scenarios here analyzed project a global warming slightly lower than the observed one. The observed warming is closer to the upper level of the projected ones, revealing that CMIPs future climate scenarios with higher GHG emissions appear to be the most realistic ones. These results show that CMIPs future warming projections have been slightly conservative up to 2020, which could suggest a similar cold bias in their warming projections up to the end of the current century. However, given the short future periods here analyzed, inferences about warming at longer timescales cannot be done with confidence, since the models internal variability can play a relevant role on timescales of 20 years and less.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carvalho
- CESAM-Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - S Rafael
- CESAM-Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Monteiro
- CESAM-Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - V Rodrigues
- CESAM-Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Lopes
- CESAM-Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- CESAM-Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Barbosa da Silva J, Sousa A, Rocha A, Driusso P. 150 SELF-REPORTED URINARY INCONTINENCE DURING COVID-19 INFECTION AND AFTER RECOVERY: A PRELIMINARY REPORT WITH BRAZILIAN SURVIVORS. Continence 2022; 2:1-2. [PMID: 35822131 PMCID: PMC9263168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cont.2022.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Barbosa da Silva
- Federal University of São Carlos/Hochschule Osnabrück - University of Applied Sciences
| | - A Sousa
- Federal University of São Carlos
| | - A Rocha
- Federal University of São Carlos
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Pereira M, Stroom J, Rocha A, Greco C, Nijsten S. PD-0805 3D Portal Dosimetry for extreme hypofraction: pre-treatment and in vivo verification. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pachito DV, Bagattini ÂM, Drager LF, Eckeli AL, Rocha A. Economic evaluation of CPAP therapy for obstructive sleep apnea: a scoping review and evidence map. Sleep Breath 2022; 26:17-30. [PMID: 33788132 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To synthesize findings of economic evaluations investigating cost-effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and of strategies of organization of care related to CPAP therapy. METHODS Scoping review with searches conducted in MEDLINE, CRD, LILACS, and Embase in August 2020. Eligible studies were economic evaluations comparing CPAP to other alternative or assessing strategies of care for CPAP therapy. Results were presented narratively, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were presented in evidence maps. RESULTS Of 34 studies, 3 concluded that CPAP is less costly and more effective when compared to usual care. Most studies indicated that CPAP is associated with better health outcomes, but at higher prices. ICER ranged from USD 316 to 98,793 per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained (median 16,499; IQR 8267 to 33,119). One study concluded that CPAP is more costly and less effective, when treatment is applied to all patients, regardless of disease severity. Variability of ICER was mainly due to definition of population and applied time horizons. When CPAP was compared to mandibular advancement device, ICER ranged from USD 21,153 to 361,028 (median 89,671; IQR 26,829 to 295,983), which represents the investment in CPAP therapy required to obtain one extra QALY. Three studies assessed the effects of organizing CPAP therapy in primary care, which was cost-effective or cost-saving. CONCLUSIONS Compared to usual care, CPAP is cost-effective after the second year of treatment, when indicated for moderate-to-severe OSA. CPAP therapy may be even more cost-effective by using different strategies of organization of care. These findings may inform decision making related to CPAP reimbursement in health systems. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela V Pachito
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro 142, São Paulo, 01308-000, Brazil.
| | - Ângela M Bagattini
- Department of Health Technology Assessment, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro 142, São Paulo, 01308-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano F Drager
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan L Eckeli
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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14
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Gonçalves Correia J, Mesquita S, Rocha A, Mendes G, Fraga A, Silva-Ramos M. Does every suspicion of prostate cancer need imaging – a risk-based approach to reduce unnecessary mpMRI. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Morrell JM, Rocha A. A Novel Approach to Minimising Acute Equine Endometritis That May Help to Prevent the Development of the Chronic State. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:799619. [PMID: 35071389 PMCID: PMC8770823 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.799619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most commonly encountered challenges in equine breeding is endometritis, which can be difficult to resolve and causes considerable economic losses to the industry. It is a multifactorial condition, developing as an exaggerated form of the normal physiological response to breeding. Seminal plasma proteins, spermatozoa, bacteria and debris initiate an inflammatory response; the resulting fluid and neutrophils are then cleared from the uterus along with the debris. However, in some mares, the response is prolonged or exaggerated, with much fluid formation and neutrophil infiltration leading to acute endometritis. A bacterial cause has been implicated, although in some cases no pathogenic organisms can be isolated on culture. It has been postulated that any one of a variety of bacteria could be involved, or dysbiosis of the uterine microbiome could be responsible. Repeated episodes of acute endometritis may lead to the pathology associated with chronic endometritis, with mucociliary dysfunction, vascular degeneration and plasma cell infiltration. This review examines the information that is currently available about equine endometritis, particularly about the role of the inseminate in the uterus, and its current treatment. There are some promising lines of research into treatment or prevention that may help to resolve the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Morrell
- Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Rocha
- Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Pereira Nunes Pinto AC, Piva SR, Rocha A, Atallah ÁN, Saconato H, Trevisani VFM. Digital technology for delivering and monitoring exercise programs for people with cystic fibrosis. Hippokratia 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Department of Medicine; Cochrane Brazil, Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação Tecnológica em Saúde; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Sara R Piva
- Clinical and Translational Research Center; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Aline Rocha
- Cochrane Brazil; Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação Tecnológica em Saúde; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Álvaro N Atallah
- Cochrane Brazil; Centro de Estudos de Saúde Baseada em Evidências e Avaliação Tecnológica em Saúde; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Humberto Saconato
- Department of Medicine; Santa Casa de Campo Mourão; Campo Mourão Brazil
| | - Virginia FM Trevisani
- Medicina de Urgência and Rheumatology; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo and Universidade de Santo Amaro; São Paulo Brazil
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Martins De Carvalho M, Proenca T, Pinto RA, Torres S, Resende CX, Grilo P, Amador AF, Costa CM, Calvao J, Marques C, Cabrita A, Rodrigues JD, Rocha A, Dias P, Macedo F. Secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome - can we achieve dyslipidemia guideline targets? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Lipid control is one of the most important secondary cardiovascular prevention targets. The 4S trialin 1994 was the first study to demonstrate the benefit of statin therapy in coronary artery disease patients. More recently, the FOURIER trial (2017) and the ODYSSEY Outcomes (2018) demonstrated the cardiovascular benefit of adding a PCSK9 inhibitor to optimized antidyslipidemic therapy.
Owing to the growing number of evidence showing the importance of aggressive lipid control, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2019 Dyslipidemia Guidelines changed the recommendation of LDL targets from below 70 mg/dL to below 55 mg/dL in very high risk patients.
In the light of this new recommendation, we retrospectively analysed all patients who participated in a Coronary Rehabilitation Program (CRP) after an Acute Coronary Syndrome at a tertiary center from May 2008 to June 2019. The CRP consisted in a multi-disciplinary approach to these patients, including 8 to 12 weekly sessions of phase II rehabilitation, exercise prescription, nutrition counselling and life-style intervention, with Cardiology follow-up at the end of the CRP (3 months), 6 months and 12 months after the event. Lipid profile was requested at baseline, 3 months and 12 months after the event. Dyslipidemia was defined using the ESC Guidelines definition.
In total, 989 patients were enrolled: the mean age was 54 ± 10 years and 15% were female. Concerning to cardiovascular risk factors, 56.7% of patients had dyslipidaemia, 41.5% had hypertension, 18.1% were diabetic, 73.1% were smokers or previous smokers, 26.0% had family history of coronary disease and 14.0% had previous coronary disease.
At hospital admission, mean LDL concentration was 121,7 ± 38,8 mg/dL with 2,9% of the patients with values below 55 mg/dL and 7,6% below 70 mg/dL. The vast majority of patients were medicated with statin at hospital discharge and maintained the prescription during the follow-up (97.5% and 97.1%, respectively).
At the end of the CRP, there was a significant decrease of LDL values (p < 0.001) with 18.7% patients with LDL below 55 mg/dL and 46.3% below 70 mg/dL (mean LDL 76.6 ±23.6 mg/dL). At 1-year follow-up, the lipid control was better than at admission, but inferior than at the end of the rehabilitation program, both findings statistically significant (11.0% patients were below 55 mg/dL and 33.1% were below 70 mg/dL, with a mean LDL of 82.7 ± 28.3 mg/dL; p < 0.001).
In conclusion, our real-life observational cohort showed that guideline recommended LDL target is not achieved in most of very high-risk patients even in a structured coronary rehabilitation program. Of note, the number of patients at LDL-target decreased from 3 months to 1-year follow-up. This state the importance of a sustained healthy lifestyle and therapy adherence, with aggressive pharmacologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - RA Pinto
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Torres
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - P Grilo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - CM Costa
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Calvao
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - A Rocha
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Dias
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Macedo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Porto, Portugal
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Guimarães T, Oliveira C, Crespo J, Porto B, Cunha R, Rocha A. Congenital stricture of the vestibulo‐vaginal fold in a mare with normal karyotype. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Guimarães
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto PortoPortugal
- Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA) University of Porto PortoPortugal
| | - C. Oliveira
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto PortoPortugal
| | | | - B. Porto
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto PortoPortugal
| | - R. Cunha
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto PortoPortugal
- Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA) University of Porto PortoPortugal
| | - A. Rocha
- Abel Salazar Biomedical Institute (ICBAS) University of Porto PortoPortugal
- Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA) University of Porto PortoPortugal
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Lima JPM, Viegas C, Afonso C, Tóth A, Illés CB, Bittsánszky A, Šatalić Z, Filipec SV, Fabijanić V, Rocha A. Children-menus in restaurants of Portuguese, Hungarian and Croatian shopping centres: A qualitative study. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Families to eat out frequently use shopping centres and, there is evidence that children's menus are poor nutritional quality. Obesity rates have increased all over the world, and it has been associated to the observed out of home food consumption. This study aimed to characterise children's menus in shopping center restaurants in Portugal, Hungary and Croatia, as a preliminary study to further develop strategies to intervene.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in shopping centres in Portugal, Hungary and Croatia. Only the ones providing a children's menu were selected. Data collection tool was developed by the research team, consisting of a three-section form to identify and characterise the restaurant and analyses the quality of children's menu.
Results
Researcher visited 295 restaurants, from which only 69 provided a children's menu. From these 12 restaurants offered gifts associated with it. The most frequently featured items on the menu were hamburgers (22%), grilled or fried chicken (19%), nuggets (17%) and pizza (12%). Potato chips were the most frequent side dish option (33%). Only 11 restaurants offered vegetable soup or vegetables. Although water was available, a variety of soft drinks and sugary fruit juices were also options. Sweet dessert is a common part of the menu. Nutritional information is present in only 13% of the menus. Menu prices do not differ much, Portugal having the higher average (x ̅ = €5.35±1.45). Hungary had the lower average (x ̅ = €4.30±1.50) and Croatia the lowest range (min=€3.00, max=€7.40).
Conclusions
Children's menu options have poor quality. Shifting foods offered to children in restaurants has the potential to improve diet quality, reduce excess energy intake and promote healthy eating habits.
Key messages
European strategies are needed to promote children healthy food environment. Following aim is to develop and test balanced menus for children among food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P M Lima
- GreenUPorto, Centro de Investigação em Produção Agroalimentar Sustentável, Porto, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologias de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra – Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-Requimte, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Viegas
- Food Health and Science, Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril, Estoril, Portugal
- CITUR, Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation, Estoril, Portugal
| | - C Afonso
- FCNAUP, Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EpiUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- GreenUPorto, Centro de Investigação em Produção Agroalimentar Sustentável, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Tóth
- InDeRe, Institute for Food System Research and Innovation Nonprofit Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Business Economics and Management, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C B Illés
- Department of Business Economics and Management, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Bittsánszky
- InDeRe, Institute for Food System Research and Innovation Nonprofit Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Business Economics and Management, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Šatalić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S V Filipec
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Fabijanić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Rocha
- FCNAUP, Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- GreenUPorto, Centro de Investigação em Produção Agroalimentar Sustentável, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-Requimte, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Oliveira J, Nunes R, Da Silva G, Nogueira I, Azevedo A, Baraliakos X, Rocha A. AB0968 DIAGNOSIS OF INFLAMMATORY BACK PAIN (IBP) IN A LOW-INCOME POPULATION USING ASAS IBP DEFINITION. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Inflammatory back pain (IBP) is an important entry criterion for identifying patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Due to the very frequent prevalence of chronic non-inflammatory back pain (CBP), IBP is difficult to differentiate and recognize in many clinical practices. CBP is a frequent diagnosis in populations with low socioeconomic status.Objectives:To investigate whether IBP ASAS definition help discriminate from CBP in a low-income population.Methods:A total of 202 consecutive individuals were directly interviewed in Fortaleza/Brazil, for the prevalence of IBP (ASAS definition), monthly family income (US$), school education [>/≤ 8 school-years(SY)], and smoking habit (present/absent). People from all social levels were included.Results:Mean age was 38.9±12.9 years, 100 (49.5%) were male and 36 (17.8%) were smokers; 135 (66.8%) declared less than 730US$ family earnings per month and 71 (35.1%) had less than 8 SY. Although 122 (60.3%) declared lumbar pain, in comparison, 29 (14.3%), 22 (10.9%) and 59 (29.2%) fulfilled ASAS, Berlin, and Calin’s IBP criteria, respectively. There were 39 (58.02%) vs. 83 (61.5%) with vs. without CBP and 9 (13.4%) vs. 20 (14.8%) fulfilling vs. not fulfilling the ASAS IBP definition among those with more or less than 730US$ earnings (P>0.05), respectively.Conclusion:This is the first report on the prevalence of IBP in a very low-income population. Over one-third had less than 8SY, revealing very low literacy. Smoking prevalence was also low if compared to 28% smoking prevalence WHO estimates across Europe*. These IBP prevalence data are similar to those reported in wealthier populations, living in higher latitude. Data suggest that ASAS IBP definition may be used to discriminate patients with IBP from those with CBP, regardless of income and literacy.References:This is the first report on the prevalence of IBP in a very low-income population. Over one-third had less than 8SY, revealing very low literacy. Smoking prevalence (17.8%) was also low if compared to 28% smoking prevalence WHO estimates across Europe*. These IBP prevalence data are similar to those reported in wealthier populations, living in higher latitude. Data suggest that ASAS IBP definition may be used to discriminate patients with IBP from those with CBP, regardless of income and literacy.Disclosure of Interests:Jobson Oliveira: None declared, Rodolfo Nunes: None declared, Guilherme da Silva: None declared, Igor Nogueira: None declared, Artur Azevedo: None declared, Xenofon Baraliakos Grant/research support from: Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Airton Rocha Speakers bureau: Not related to the present work
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Silva C, Mourão N, Landim J, Da Rocha L, Lacerda M, Rocha A. AB0967 OBESITY IMPACTS SURGICAL REPAIR OF ROTATOR CUFF TEAR IN A LOW-INCOME POPULATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rotator cuff tears (RCT) rank high among causes of shoulder pain in primary care. Surgical repair of RCT is indicated when judged refractory to clinical treatment. Comorbidities and environmental issues may impact the surgical result of RCT repair.Objectives:to determine the impact of Obesity and Smoking in the outcome of low-income patients subjected to RCT repair.Methods:Low-income (<5500,00 US$ annualpib per capta*) patients living in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil were prospectively (2016-2018) evaluated in the Orthopedic and Rheumatology Services of the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza. Demographics and clinical data focusing Obesity (BMI >/≤ 30) and Smoking status (present/absent) were registered. Pain (0 – 10 cm VAS) and functional shoulder score evaluation by the University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Score (UCLA) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scoring systems following at least 2 years post-operative follow-up were recorded.Results:Thirty-nine individuals, 60.9±7.1 years-old, 30 female (68.3%) with 5.1 ± 1.9 years follow-up were evaluated; 21 (44.7%) were Smokers and 12 (25.5%) Obese (BMI >30). Other comorbidities included 16 arterial hypertension, 18 dyslipidemia, 17 osteoarthritis, 4 rheumatoid arthritis, 1 gout. Pain VAS values were 5.1 ± 2.6 vs 3.1 ± 2.8 in Obese vs Non-Obese (p=0.03) and 4 ± 2.8 vs 3.37 ± 2.99 in Smokers vs Non-Smokers (p=0.26), respectively. UCLA was 22.4 ± 8.2 vs. 28.79 ± 5.6 in Obese vs Non-Obese (p=0.004) and 26.2 ± 6.5 vs. 27.75 ± 7.18 (p=0.25) in Smokers vs. Non-smokers, respectively. ASES was 47.89 ± 28.3 vs. 68.1 ± 25.78 (p=0.021) in Obese vs. Non-obese and 58.98 ± 26.69 vs 65.3 ± 28.1 (p=0.243) in Smokers vs Non-Smokers, respectively.Conclusion:Using Patient Reported Outcome instruments, these long-term data show that Obesity negatively impacts the outcome of surgical repair of RCT in low-income patients. Smoking status was apparently irrelevant but the number of cigarettes smoked daily was not considered. Emphasis on weight reduction is a practical, affordable though hard to implement measure that could improve surgical results when repairing RCT.References:*https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_de_munic%C3%ADpios_do_Brasil_por_PIBDisclosure of Interests:Christine Silva: None declared, Natalia Mourão: None declared, Joaquim Landim: None declared, Leila da Rocha: None declared, Marco Lacerda: None declared, Airton Rocha Speakers bureau: Not related to the present work
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Santos D, Lima J, Figueiredo JP, Rocha A. Relationship of salt added during preparation and salt intake of cooks. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa040.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The excessive consumption of sodium is one of the main problems in public health and responsible for the loss of years of a healthy life. The salt added to the meals represents a large part of the salt ingested, and the collaborators/cooks responsible for its addition need careful analysis, and intervention adjusted to the analysed reality, its salt consumption and its perception of saltiness may influence the amount of salt added.
Objectives This study had as main objective to perceive the relationship between the perception of salt of the employees of the Food and Nutrition Unit and the amount of salt added in the meals that were confectioned.
Methodology An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted, in which 6 selected cooks from the IPSS’s of Águeda participated. In order to estimate the amount of salt added to the meals, 20 samples of meals prepared by the cooks were taken, and a quantitative assessment of average salt per meal was made using Flame Photometry. The cooks were also subjected to two taste sensitivity tests. The data treatment was performed using the statistical software SPSS, and a statistical significance level of 5% was considered.
Results A better perception of the salty taste was observed in the cooks of Institution B. Although there were no differences with statistical significance in the quantity of salt of the meals between the two institutions, the mean and maximum addition of salt in the cooked meals was higher in institution B, regardless of the cook evaluated.
Conclusion The perception of the salty taste of the cooks does not seem to determine the amount of salt added to the meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Santos
- FCNAUP – Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto
| | - J Lima
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTeSC – Coimbra Health School, Portugal
| | - JP Figueiredo
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTeSC – Coimbra Health School, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- FCNAUP – Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto
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Rocha A, Assis A, Moreira A, Carnevale F. 3:00 PM Abstract No. 62 Advantages of using cone-beam computed tomography over digital subtraction angiography to identify prostatic arteries in prostatic artery embolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Rocha A, Proença M, Carvalho MA. Synthesis of 2-(aminophenyl)adenine derivatives: a simple protocol using the classical iron powder/acetic acid reduction methodology. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2019-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
2-(Nitrophenyl)adenine derivatives were isolated from the reaction of 5-amino-4-amidino-imidazoles with nitrobenzaldehydes. The conversion of the nitro derivatives to 2-(aminophenyl)adenine derivatives was performed using iron/acetic acid as reducing agent, in 70% aqueous ethanol. The products were isolated in good yield and the isolation protocol involves simple filtration and extraction procedures. This methodology is compatible with the presence of functional groups such as amines, ethers, halofluorides, and halochlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rocha
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - M.F. Proença
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - M. Alice Carvalho
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Center of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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Pavani KC, Rocha A, Oliveira E, da Silva FM, Sousa M. Novel ultrastructural findings in bovine oocytes matured in vitro. Theriogenology 2019; 143:88-97. [PMID: 31862672 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The ultrastructural morphology of the bovine oocyte at different maturation stages has been previously analyzed but without detailed structural observations at the mature stage. The objective of the present study was thus to establish the ultrastructural characteristics of the mature bovine oocyte in full detail. Oocytes from Bos taurus (Holstein-Friesian) cows were aspirated from ovaries collected after being slaughtered at a local abattoir. After in vitro culture for 24 h, some of them were processed for electron microscopy. We described the ultrastructure of the zona pellucida, which presented three different regions, and novel cytoplasmic findings. There were two types of electron-lucent vesicles (heterogeneous and striated), which were suggested to give rise to lipid droplets, and presence of receptor-mediated endocytosis. In conclusion, our results indicate that although the mature bovine oocyte is devoid of evident yolk, it might be filled with an extensive lipid factory. In addition, even before fertilization, the mature oocyte seemed to absorb nutrients through receptor-mediated endocytosis, indicating active energy use or storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Pavani
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - A Rocha
- Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Animal Science Studies (CECA/ICETA), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - E Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - F Moreira da Silva
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, Center of Investigation of Agrarian Technologies of Açores (CITA-A), Animal Reproduction, University of Açores (UAc), 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal.
| | - M Sousa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Aulestia-Viera P, Paiva G, Lopes M, Vargas P, Machado G, Bertotti M, Mariotto L, Rocha A. Juvenile ossifying fibroma of the maxilla: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pileggi GS, Da Mota LMH, Kakehasi AM, De Souza AW, Rocha A, de Melo AKG, da Fonte CAM, Bortoletto C, Brenol CV, Marques CDL, Zaltman C, Borba EF, Reis ER, Freire EAM, Klumb EM, Christopoulos GB, Laurindo IMM, Ballalai I, Da Costa IP, Michelin L, de Azevêdo Valadares LD, Chebli LA, Lacerda M, Toscano MAF, Yazbek MA, De Abreu Vieira RMR, Magalhães R, Kfouri R, Richtmann R, Merenlender SDCS, Valim V, De Assis MR, Kowalski SC, Trevisani VFM. Brazilian recommendations on the safety and effectiveness of the yellow fever vaccination in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Adv Rheumatol 2019; 59:17. [PMID: 31036077 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-019-0056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Brazil, we are facing an alarming epidemic scenario of Yellow fever (YF), which is reaching the most populous areas of the country in unvaccinated people. Vaccination is the only effective tool to prevent YF. In special situations, such as patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (CIMID), undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as a higher risk of severe adverse events may occur, assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) should be performed on an individual level. Faced with the scarcity of specific orientation on YFV for this special group of patients, the Brazilian Rheumatology Society (BRS) endorsed a project aiming the development of individualized YFV recommendations for patients with CIMID, guided by questions addressed by both medical professionals and patients, followed an internationally validated methodology (GIN-McMaster Guideline Development). Firstly, a systematic review was carried out and an expert panel formed to take part of the decision process, comprising BRS clinical practitioners, as well as individuals from the Brazilian Dermatology Society (BDS), Brazilian Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group (GEDIIB), and specialists on infectious diseases and vaccination (from Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Immunizations National Societies); in addition, two representatives of patient groups were included as members of the panel. When the quality of the evidence was low or there was a lack of evidence to determine the recommendations, the decisions were based on the expert opinion panel and a Delphi approach was performed. A recommendation was accepted upon achieving ≥80% agreement among the panel, including the patient representatives. As a result, eight recommendations were developed regarding the safety of YFV in patients with CIMID, considering the immunosuppression degree conferred by the treatment used. It was not possible to establish recommendations on the effectiveness of YFV in these patients as there is no consistent evidence to support these recommendations. CONCLUSION This paper approaches a real need, assessed by clinicians and patient care groups, to address specific questions on the management of YFV in patients with CIMID living or traveling to YF endemic areas, involving specialists from many areas together with patients, and might have global applicability, contributing to and supporting vaccination practices. We recommended a shared decision-making approach on taking or not the YFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gecilmara Salviato Pileggi
- SBR. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde de Barretos - FACISB, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil. .,School of Medical Science Barretos- FACISB, Avenue Masonic Lodge Renovadora 68, No. 100 - Airport Neighborhood, Barretos/SP, 14785-002, Brazil.
| | | | - Adriana Maria Kakehasi
- SBR. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Rocha
- Pós graduanda do programa de Medicina Baseada em Evidências, Universidade Federal do Estado de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Karla Guedes de Melo
- SBR. Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claiton Viegas Brenol
- SBR. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Cyrla Zaltman
- GEDIIB. Presidente do GEDIIB 2017-2019, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferreira Borba
- SBR. Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enio Ribeiro Reis
- SBR. Diretor médico do Centro de infusão do Hospital Humanitas, Varginha, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Mendes Klumb
- SBR. Unidade Docente Assistencial de Reumatologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabella Ballalai
- SBIm. Vice-Presidente da Sociedade Brasileira de Imunizações (SBIm), SBiM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Izaias Pereira Da Costa
- SBR. Professor da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Lessandra Michelin
- SBI. Professora na faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Liliana Andrade Chebli
- GEDIIB, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marcus Lacerda
- SMBT. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (Fiocruz - Amazônia), Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Maceio-AL, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Renata Magalhães
- SBD. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Renato Kfouri
- SBIm. Presidente do Departamento de Imunizações da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria (SBP), Maceio-AL, Brazil
| | | | | | - Valeria Valim
- SBR. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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Blanco-Ward D, Ribeiro A, Barreales D, Castro J, Verdial J, Feliciano M, Viceto C, Rocha A, Carlos C, Silveira C, Miranda AA. Climate change potential effects on grapevine bioclimatic indices: A case study for the Portuguese demarcated Douro Region (Portugal). BIO Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191201013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, bioclimatic parameters and indices relevant to the grapevine are estimated for the years 2000 (recent-pat), 2049 (medium-term future) and 2097 (long-term future), based on very high resolution (1 km × 1 km) MPI-WRF RCP8.5 climate simulations. The selected parameters and indices are the mean temperature during the grapevine growing season period (April to October, Tgs), the cumulative rainfall during the grapevine growing season period (Pgs), the Winkler index (WI), the Huglin heliothermic index (HI), the night cold index (CI) and the dryness index (DI). In general, a significant increase in mean temperature during the grapevine growing season period is observed, together with a significant decrease in precipitation. The recent-past WI is associated with the production of high-quality wines; the higher values predicted for the future represent intensive production of wines of intermediate quality. The HI shows the passage of a grapevine growing region considered as temperate-warm to a warm category of higher helio-thermicity. The recent-past CI indicates very cool conditions (associated with quality wines), while in the future there is a tendency for temperate or warmer nights. Finally, DI indicates an increase in water stress considered already high under the recent-past climate conditions. These results point to an increased climatic stress on the Douro region wine production and increased vulnerability of its vine varieties, providing evidence to support strategies aimed to preserve the high-quality wines in the region and their typicality in a sustainable way.
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Gardinal R, Roberti Filho F, Koch J, Oliveira C, Mazzer B, Rocha A, Cantarelli V. 449 Effect of different nucleotides supplementation source on performance of newly weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Gardinal
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | | | - J Koch
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - C Oliveira
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - B Mazzer
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - A Rocha
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - V Cantarelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Lavras,Lavras, Brazil
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González-Fernández L, Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, Macedo S, Gutiérrez-Adán A, Rocha A, Macías-García B. Expanded equine cumulus-oocyte complexes exhibit higher meiotic competence and lower glucose consumption than compact cumulus-oocyte complexes. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:297-306. [PMID: 28679463 DOI: 10.1071/rd16441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are classified as compact (cCOC) or expanded (eCOC) and vary in their meiotic competence. This difference could be related to divergent glucose metabolism. To test this hypothesis in the present study, eCOCs, cCOCs and expanded or compact mural granulosa cells (EC and CC respectively) were matured in vitro for 30h, at which time maturation rate, glucose metabolism and the expression of genes involved in glucose transport, glycolysis, apoptosis and meiotic competence were determined. There were significant differences between eCOCs and cCOCs in maturation rate (50% vs 21.7% (n=192 and 46) respectively; P<0.001), as well as mean (±s.e.m.) glucose consumption (1.8±0.5 vs 27.9±5.9 nmol per COC respectively) and pyruvate (0.09±0.01 vs 2.4±0.8 nmol per COC respectively) and lactate (4.7±1.3 vs 64.1±20.6 nmol per COC respectively; P<0.05 for all) production. Glucose consumption in EC and CC did not differ significantly. Expression of hyaluronan-binding protein (tumour necrosis factor alpha induced protein 6; TNFAIP6) was increased in eCOCs and EC, and solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) expression was increased in eCOCs, but there were no differences in the expression of glycolysis-related enzymes and solute carrier family 2 member 3 (SLC2A3) between the COC or mural granulosa cell types. The findings of the present study demonstrate that metabolic and genomic differences exist between eCOCs and cCOCs and mural granulosa cells in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González-Fernández
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal/Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - M J Sánchez-Calabuig
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. De la Coruña,Km. 5.9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Cell Biology Laboratory, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - P F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Cell Biology Laboratory, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Macedo
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal/Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - A Gutiérrez-Adán
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. De la Coruña,Km. 5.9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - A Rocha
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal/Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - B Macías-García
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal/Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Campus Agrario de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
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Nunes A, Maia Araujo P, Nascimento H, Braga M, Pinto R, Tavares Silva M, Pestana G, Rocha A, Araujo V, Belchior Campelo M, Julia Maciel M. P2553The role of the cardiac rehabilitation program in improving functional capacity. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Nunes
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Maia Araujo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Nascimento
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Braga
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Pinto
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - G Pestana
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- Sao Joao Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Porto, Portugal
| | - V Araujo
- Sao Joao Hospital, Cardiology Service, Porto, Portugal
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Otero-Rodiño C, Rocha A, Álvarez-Otero R, Ceinos RM, López-Patiño MA, Míguez JM, Cerdá-Reverter JM, Soengas JL. Glucosensing capacity of rainbow trout telencephalon. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12583. [PMID: 29427522 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To assess the hypothesis of glucosensing systems present in fish telencephalon, we first demonstrated in rainbow trout, by in situ hybridisation, the presence of glucokinase (GK). Then, we assessed the response of glucosensing markers in rainbow trout telencephalon 6 hours after i.c.v. treatment with glucose or 2-deoxyglucose (inducing glucoprivation). We evaluated the response of parameters related to the mechanisms dependent on GK, liver X receptor (LXR), mitochondrial activity, sweet taste receptor and sodium-glucose linked transporter 1 (SGLT-1). We also assessed mRNA abundance of neuropeptides involved in the metabolic control of food intake (agouti-related protein, neuropeptide Y, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-related transcript), as well as the abundance and phosphorylation status of proteins possibly involved in linking glucosensing with neuropeptide expression, such as protein kinase B (AkT), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The responses obtained support the presence in the telencephalon of a glucosensing mechanism based on GK and maybe one based on LXR, although they do not support the presence of mechanisms dependent on mitochondrial activity and SGLT-1. The mechanism based on sweet taste receptor responded to glucose but in a converse way to that characterised previously in the hypothalamus. In general, systems responded only to glucose but not to glucoprivation. Neuropeptides did not respond to glucose or glucoprivation. By contrast, the presence of glucose activates Akt and inhibits AMPK, CREB and forkhead box01. This is the first study in any vertebrate species in which the response to glucose of putative glucosensing mechanisms is demonstrated in the telencephalon. Their role might relate to processes other than homeostatic control of food intake, such as the hedonic and reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Otero-Rodiño
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Rocha
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - R Álvarez-Otero
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - R M Ceinos
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M A López-Patiño
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - J M Míguez
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - J M Cerdá-Reverter
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - J L Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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Aguiar-Santos A, Montenegro S, Medeiros Z, Rocha A, Morais C, Silva A, Bonfim C, Costa T, Sarinho E. Immunomodulation of allergic response in children and adolescents: What we can learn from lymphatic filarial infection. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:167-174. [PMID: 29366523 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is well known that allergic diseases involve a strong Th2 immune response, with production of high levels of specific IgE allergen, knowledge on the association between filarial infection and allergies, among paediatric patients is scarce. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the allergic response patterns in cases of filarial infection by comparing peripheral eosinophils, total IgE levels, immediate hypersensitivity and cytokine levels in children and adolescents in Brazil. METHODS This was an exploratory study with three groups: (I) with filarial infection and without allergic diseases; (II) without filarial infection and with allergic diseases; and (III) without filarial infection and without allergic diseases. The prick test and specific IgE tests for aeroallergens were performed using five antigens. Peripheral eosinophils and total IgE were also evaluated. IL-4 and IL-5 were determined using whole-blood culture stimulated by three antigens. RESULTS Eosinophilia and elevated levels of total IgE (≥400IU/dl) were observed in all groups. The prick test was positive in 56.6% of the cases. Group I presented hypersensitive responses similar to the allergic disease groups. In the whole-blood culture stimulated by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, average IL-4 production did not differ significantly among the groups, but IL5 production resulting from stimulation was greater in the allergic disease groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The allergic response pattern in group with filarial infection was similar to that of the groups with and without allergic diseases, but the response to IL-5 in the culture stimulated by D. pteronyssinus was an exclusive characteristic of the allergic group.
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Trombley S, Rocha A, Björnsson BT, Borg B, Schmitz M. Effects of androgens on the leptin system in immature male Atlantic salmon parr. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 257:122-129. [PMID: 28830748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Leptin modulates all levels of the reproductive endocrine axis in mammals, and in turn, both leptin and the leptin receptor are regulated by sex steroids. The aim of this study was to investigate if sex steroids regulate the leptin system also in fish. Immature one-year old male Atlantic salmon parr were implanted with Silclear capsules that were either empty or filled with 11-ketoandrostenedione (11KA) or testosterone (T) and the effects of 35-days treatment were investigated on measures of maturation, gene expression of leptin (lepa1, lepa2), leptin receptor (lepra1) and circulating plasma leptin. Both 11-KA and T stimulated the reproductive axis by increasing testes weight and up-regulated pituitary lh-β mRNA levels and for T also fsh-β. T up-regulated transcription levels of lepa1 and lepra1 in the pituitary, while 11-KA had no effect. Leptin receptor expression in the testis was unaltered by either androgen. T up-regulated lepa1 mRNA levels significantly also in the liver, but had no effect on lepa2, and 11KA did not affect hepatic gene expression of either lepa1 or lepa2. Plasma leptin levels did not differ significantly between treatments. The results indicate that androgens regulate gene expression of leptin and the leptin receptor in different tissues in fish and that the effects of leptin might be tissue specific considering plasma levels remained unaltered. Overall, the results suggest a role for leptin in fish reproduction, where sex steroids are able to regulate components of the leptin system differentially in liver and important tissues of the reproductive axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trombley
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Rocha
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Th Björnsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B Borg
- Department of Zoology, University of Stockholm, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Schmitz
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Macedo S, Bliebernicht M, Carvalheira J, Costa A, Ribeiro F, Rocha A. Effects of two freezing methods and two cryopreservation media on post-thaw quality of stallion spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:519-524. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Macedo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- CECA- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal; CECA/ICETA; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | | | - J Carvalheira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - A Costa
- Embriovet, Lugar do Serradilho; Muge Portugal
| | - F Ribeiro
- Embriovet, Lugar do Serradilho; Muge Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
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Rossi L, Rocha A, Duarte JTDS. Avaliação do estado, conhecimento nutricional e imagem corporal de lutadores de artes marciais mistas. Rev artes marciales asiát 2017. [DOI: 10.18002/rama.v12i2.4794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the changes in lifestyle, eating habits and new training methodologies, it becomes important that scientific research fills gaps in anthropometric and nutritional knowledge fields, with the purpose of improving martial arts and combat sports athletes’ physical fitness and performance during competition and training. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and knowledge in martial arts fighters, and relate it to their perception of body image. We evaluated 37 male fighters, who practiced different forms of martial arts in two academies in west São Paulo. To measure the nutritional status body weight, height and skinfolds were assessed. The perception of body image and nutritional knowledge were also assessed. The sample showed an average of 25 ± 5 years, 84.4 ± 15.78 kg, 1.76 ± 0.07 m and fat percentage of 14.12 ± 5.46. The mean body mass index was 26.95 ± 3.75 kg/m², which means they were overweight. 70.27% of the fighters had moderate nutritional knowledge, 24.32% low knowledge and the remaining 5.41% high knowledge. In relation to the nutritional status, the fighters were mostly overweight and had fat percentage below average, with high body image dissatisfaction and moderate nutritional knowledge.
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Nascimento H, Rocha A, Braga M, Pestana G, Tavares-Silva M, Pinto R, Nunes A, Araujo P, Araujo V, Parada F, Maciel M. P2495Cardiac rehabilitation: don't forget the ones that went away. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Braga M, Rocha A, Nascimento H, Pestana G, Pinto R, Tavares-Silva M, Araujo P, Nunes A, Araujo V, Parada-Pereira F, Maciel M. P3430Response to cardiac rehabilitation: does left ventricle ejection fraction matter? Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p3430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rafael S, Martins H, Marta-Almeida M, Sá E, Coelho S, Rocha A, Borrego C, Lopes M. Quantification and mapping of urban fluxes under climate change: Application of WRF-SUEWS model to Greater Porto area (Portugal). Environ Res 2017; 155:321-334. [PMID: 28264781 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and the growth of urban populations are two of the main challenges facing Europe today. These issues are linked as climate change results in serious challenges for cities. Recent attention has focused on how urban surface-atmosphere exchanges of heat and water will be affected by climate change and the implications for urban planning and sustainability. In this study energy fluxes for Greater Porto area, Portugal, were estimated and the influence of the projected climate change evaluated. To accomplish this, the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and the Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (SUEWS) were applied for two climatological scenarios: a present (or reference, 1986-2005) scenario and a future scenario (2046-2065), in this case the Representative Concentration Pathway RCP8.5, which reflects the worst set of expectations (with the most onerous impacts). The results show that for the future climate conditions, the incoming shortwave radiation will increase by around 10%, the sensible heat flux around 40% and the net storage heat flux around 35%. In contrast, the latent heat flux will decrease about 20%. The changes in the magnitude of the different fluxes result in an increase of the net all-wave radiation by 15%. The implications of the changes of the energy balance on the meteorological variables are discussed, particularly in terms of temperature and precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rafael
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - H Martins
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Rossby Centre, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), SE-60176 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - M Marta-Almeida
- Centro Oceanográfico A Coruña, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, A Coruña, Spain
| | - E Sá
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Coelho
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- CESAM & Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C Borrego
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Lopes
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Rolo A, Germano S, Mascarenhas F, Almeida T, Miguel C, Machado C, Rocha A. Dosimetric advantage of Deep Inspiration Breath Hold in left breast radiotherapy: comparative analysis with free breathing. Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Espigares F, Rocha A, Gómez A, Carrillo M, Zanuy S. Photoperiod modulates the reproductive axis of European sea bass through regulation of kiss1 and gnrh2 neuronal expression. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 240:35-45. [PMID: 27641683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The onset of puberty is characterized by activation of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis. However, the molecular and endocrine mechanism involved in the process of puberty and the influence of environmental conditions, such as photoperiod signalling, are not well understood in fish. In this study, 1-year-old male European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were exposed to photoperiod manipulation in combination with size-sorting. Two treatment groups, a puberty accelerating photoperiod (AP) group and a continuous light (LL) group, were studied from August to February. Our results indicate that AP and LL are able to entrain the rhythms of both kiss1 and gnrh2 mRNA levels in the brain, while kiss2 and gnrh1 mRNA expression does not seem to be directly affected by the photoperiod, at least during testicular growth. It is likely that AP and LL photoperiod regimes affected both plasma Fsh and 11-KT profiles, which might explain, respectively, the phase shift and reduction of testes maturation seen under these conditions. We therefore hypothesize that the unbalanced production of this androgen regulated by circulating Fsh might be limiting the stimulation of germ cell proliferation in European sea bass males. In summary, our study establishes that photoperiod modulates the expression of kiss1 and gnrh2 in the forebrain-midbrain, which may be involved in the translation of the light stimulus to activate the reproductive axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Espigares
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, s/n, Castellón, Spain
| | - A Rocha
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, s/n, Castellón, Spain
| | - A Gómez
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, s/n, Castellón, Spain
| | - M Carrillo
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, s/n, Castellón, Spain.
| | - S Zanuy
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, s/n, Castellón, Spain.
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Perre P, Faria FA, Jorge LR, Rocha A, Torres RS, Souza-Filho MF, Lewinsohn TM, Zucchi RA. Toward an Automated Identification of Anastrepha Fruit Flies in the fraterculus group (Diptera, Tephritidae). Neotrop Entomol 2016; 45:554-558. [PMID: 27156899 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assess image analysis techniques as automatic identifiers of three Anastrepha species of quarantine importance, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), and Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, based on wing and aculeus images. The right wing and aculeus of 100 individuals of each species were mounted on microscope slides, and images were captured with a stereomicroscope and light microscope. For wing image analysis, we used the color descriptor Local Color Histogram; for aculei, we used the contour descriptor Edge Orientation Autocorrelogram. A Support Vector Machine classifier was used in the final stage of wing and aculeus classification. Very accurate species identifications were obtained based on wing and aculeus images, with average accuracies of 94 and 95%, respectively. These results are comparable to previous identification results based on morphometric techniques and to the results achieved by experienced entomologists. Wing and aculeus images produced equally accurate classifications, greatly facilitating the identification of these species. The proposed technique is therefore a promising option for separating these three closely related species in the fraterculus group.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Perre
- Dept of Genectis and Evolutionary Biology, Univ of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - F A Faria
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal Univ of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil
| | - L R Jorge
- Dept of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, Univ of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - A Rocha
- Institute of Computing, Univ of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - R S Torres
- Institute of Computing, Univ of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - M F Souza-Filho
- Economic Entomology Lab, Biological Institute, APTA, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - T M Lewinsohn
- Dept of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, Univ of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - R A Zucchi
- Dept of Genectis and Evolutionary Biology, Univ of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Acramel A, Berrabah S, Postaire M, Lengliné H, Lambe C, Talbotec C, Poisson C, Rocha A, Goulet O. SUN-P192: Drugs Compatibility with Parenteral Nutrition. Clin Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(16)30535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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García Páez JM, Jorge Herrero E, Millán I, Rocha A, Maestro M, Castillo-Olivares JL, Carrera Sanmartin A, Cordon A. Resistance to Tensile Stress of a Bioadhesive Utilized for Medical Purposes: Loctite 4011. J Biomater Appl 2016; 18:179-92. [PMID: 14871044 DOI: 10.1177/0885328204039654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sutures are the materials presently employed to secure and give shape to the valve leaflets of cardiac bioprostheses. Their high resistance and low degree of elasticity in comparison with the calf pericardium of which the leaflets are made generates internal stresses that contribute to the failure of the bioprostheses. Biological adhesives are bonding materials that have begun to be utilized in surgery, although there is a lack of experience in their use with inert tissues or bioprostheses. We report our study of Loctite 4011, a biological glue composed of a cyano-acrylate that has been employed for medical purposes, in which samples of pericardium bonded with this adhesive were subjected to uniaxial tensile stress. The samples were glued in such a way as to leave an overlap of 1 cm2 between the surfaces of the tissue. The series included 83 samples: 12 tested 24 h after bonding, 17 after 45 days, 17 after 90 days, 19 after 106 days and 18 after 152 days. The samples subjected to deferred trials were preserved using three types of chemical substances: glutaraldehyde, glycerol or saline plus antibiotics. The mean resistance to rupture of the series tested 24 h after gluing was 0.15 MPa (1.47 machine kg). This resistance remained nearly unchanged, regardless of the preservation solution employed, for at least 152 days, the time at which the study ended. The stress strain curves demonstrated a high degree of elasticity throughout the 152 days, a finding that was not influenced by the preservation solution. This adhesive showed a considerable resistance to tensile stress, although probably insufficient to replace sutures. However, it maintained a surprisingly high degree of elasticity in the samples. Perhaps the time has come to combine these two elements, sutures and adhesives, to improve the elasticity of the structure without a loss of resistance, and increase the durability of bioprostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M García Páez
- Servicio de Cirugía Experimental, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, España.
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Paéz JMG, Sanmartín AC, Herrero EJ, Millan I, Cordon A, Rocha A, Maestro MA, Téllez G, Castillo-Olivares JL. Resistance and Stability of A New Method for Bonding Biological Materials Using Sutures and Biological Adhesives. J Biomater Appl 2016; 19:215-36. [PMID: 15613381 DOI: 10.1177/0885328205046633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The valve leaflets of cardiac bioprostheses are secured and shaped by sutures which, given their high degree of resistance and poor elasticity, have been implicated in the generation of stresses within the leaflets, contributing to the failure of the bioprostheses. Bioadhesives are bonding materials that have begun to be utilized in surgery, although there is a lack of experience in their use with inert tissues or bioprostheses. Tensile testing is performed until rupture in samples of calf pericardium, a biomaterial employed in the manufacture of bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets. One hundred and thirty-two trials are carried out in three types of samples: intact or control tissue ( n = 12); samples transected and glued in an overlapping manner with a cyanoacrylate ( n = 60); and samples transected, sewn with a commercially available suture material and reinforced at the suture holes with the same cyanoacrylate ( n = 60). Seven days after their preparation, 12 samples from each group, including the controls, are subjected to tensile testing until rupture and the findings are compared. In the stability study, groups of 12 each of the remaining 48 glued and 48 sutured and glued samples underwent tensile testing until rupture on days 30, 60, 90, and 120, after their preparation. The results show that bonding with the adhesive provided a resistance ranging between 1.04 and 1.87 kg, probably insufficient for use in valve leaflets, but also afforded a high degree of elasticity. After 120 days, both the glued and the sutured and glued series show excellent elastic behavior, with no rigidity or hardening of the pericardium. These samples present reversible elongation, or strain, when they surpass their elastic limit at rupture. This finding may be due to a load concentration that is damaging to the pericardium, to the behavior of the tissue as an amorphous material, or perhaps to both circumstances. These results need to be confirmed in future studies as they may be of value in the design and manufacture of cardiac bioprostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M García Paéz
- Servicio de Cirugía Experimental, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, San Martín de Porres 4, 28035 Madrid, España.
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Lopes G, Ferreira P, Rocha A. Bull frozen semen accidentally exposed to room temperature for 5s presents reduced blastocyst formation after IVF. Anim Reprod Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abi Nader E, Lambe C, Talbotec F, Lacaille F, Pigneur B, Garnier-Lengliné H, Petit LM, Poisson C, Rocha A, Corriol O, Acramel A, Colomb-Jung V, Goulet O. Résultats au long cours de la nutrition parentérale à domicile en pédiatrie. NUTR CLIN METAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cabral JF, Cavadas V, Silva Ramos M, Fraga A, La Salete Martins M, Rocha A, Vidinha J, Branco F. Female sexual function and depression after kidney transplantation: comparison between deceased- and living-donor recipients. Transplant Proc 2016; 47:989-91. [PMID: 26036501 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in sexual function and depression are a common feature in women with chronic renal failure. Living-donor kidney transplantation seems to warrant better results than its cadaveric counterpart in many aspects but its impact on post-transplantation sexual function remains unknown. This study aimed to compare post-transplantation sexual function and depression in women receiving kidney grafts from living and deceased donors. From a single-center prospective database of 2016 renal transplantations between June 2011 and June 2013, we enrolled 50 sexually active women after kidney transplantation. Female sexual function was evaluated with the Female Sexual Function Index Questionnaire (FSFI) and depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scale. Thirty-four patients referred the questionnaires. The sexual domains of satisfaction and desire were significantly better in living-donor receptors; in all other domains evaluated by FSFI no statistically significant difference was encountered between groups, although living-donor receptors tended to report better function. Total BDI-II was well correlated with total FSFI score in our study cohort (Spearman's rho = -0.80, P < .001). Only 34.6% of women referred to have discussed sexual issues with their physicians before transplantation, whereas 73.1% stated it would have been important. In conclusion, living-donor transplantation exerted a positive effect on women's sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Cabral
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal.
| | - V Cavadas
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal
| | - M Silva Ramos
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal
| | - A Fraga
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal
| | | | - A Rocha
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal
| | - J Vidinha
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital de S. Teotónio, CHTV, Portugal
| | - F Branco
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Santo António, C.H.P, Portugal
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Winkler DS, Rocha A, Fabião CD, De Marco M, Proto-Siqueira R. Highly Sensitive and Efficient Screening of Streptococcus Agalactiae Through Improved Real-Time PCR Protocols and Optimized Analytical Parameters. Clin Lab 2015; 61:1581-4. [PMID: 26642723 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2015.150221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization during pregnancy is important in order to prevent neonatal infections and reduce mortality rates. METHODS A highly sensitive (up to 1,000 UFC/mL), fully automated, and cost effective cylB specific real-time PCR protocol was developed for the detection of S. agalactiae in anal and vaginal swabs of pregnant women. RESULTS From the 62 test subjects, 24 were considered positive by PCR (38%) and 14 by culture (24%; p = 0.0015). CONCLUSIONS The observed discrepancies and the reduced turnaround time justifies molecular screening for S. agalactiae.
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Caldeira D, Barra M, Ferreira A, Rocha A, Augusto A, Pinto FJ, Costa J, Ferreira JJ. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:1239-49. [PMID: 26434935 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common complication among anticoagulated patients. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are associated with increased risk of GI (major and clinically relevant non-major) bleeding. However, more information is needed regarding severe events. AIM To evaluate the risk of NOACs major GI bleeding. METHODS We searched for phase III randomised clinical trials (RCT) evaluating NOACs (apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban) and reporting major GI bleeding events, in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, SciELO collection and Web of Science databases (July 2015). Meta-analysis was performed to estimate risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I(2) test. RESULTS A total of 23 studies were included. Among patients with atrial fibrillation, the risk of major GI bleeding was not different between NOACs and vitamin K antagonists (VKA) (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.85-1.36, I(2) = 78%; 5 RCTs) or acetylsalicylic acid (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.36-1.72; 1 RCT). Similar results were found for patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery and those with venous thromboembolism. NOACs were not found to increase the risk compared to low-molecular-weight heparin (LWMH) alone (RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.55-3.71, I(2) = 7%; 8 RCTs), the sequential treatment with LMWH-VKA (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.49-1.21, I(2) = 43%; 7 RCTs) or placebo (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.15-14.84, I(2) = 21%; 2 RCTs). CONCLUSION Despite previous evidence supporting the association of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and overall GI bleeding, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are not associated with increased risk of major GI bleeding compared to other anticoagulant drugs (with known increased risk of these events).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Caldeira
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Cardiology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - M Barra
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Ferreira
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Rocha
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Augusto
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - F J Pinto
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, CCUL, CAML, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Costa
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Portuguese Collaborating Center of the IberoAmerican Cochrane Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J J Ferreira
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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