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Frank S, Anderson KE, Fernandez HH, Hauser RA, Claassen DO, Stamler D, Factor SA, Jimenez-Shahed J, Barkay H, Wilhelm A, Alexander JK, Chaijale N, Barash S, Savola JM, Gordon MF, Chen M. Safety of Deutetrabenazine for the Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia and Chorea Associated with Huntington Disease. Neurol Ther 2024:10.1007/s40120-024-00600-1. [PMID: 38557959 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deutetrabenazine is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor used to treat tardive dyskinesia (TD) and chorea associated with Huntington disease (HD). To enhance detection of safety signals across individual trials, integrated safety analyses of deutetrabenazine in TD and HD chorea were conducted. METHODS For TD, safety data were integrated from two 12-week pivotal studies (ARM-TD and AIM-TD) and through week 15 of the open-label extension (OLE) study (RIM-TD). Data were analyzed by deutetrabenazine treatment group and placebo. For HD, safety data were integrated from the 12-week pivotal study (First-HD) and through week 15 of the OLE study (ARC-HD) for patients previously receiving placebo. Integrated deutetrabenazine data were compared with placebo from the pivotal study. RESULTS For TD, deutetrabenazine (n = 384) was generally well tolerated compared with placebo (n = 130). Adverse event (AE) incidence was numerically higher in the response-driven deutetrabenazine vs the fixed-dose deutetrabenazine and placebo groups, respectively (any AE, 59.5% vs 44.4-50.0% and 53.8%; treatment-related AE, 38.1% vs 18.1-25.0% and 30.8%). Serious AEs were reported for 2.8-8.3% of patients in the deutetrabenazine groups and 6.9% in the placebo group. Common AEs (≥ 4%) included headache, somnolence, nausea, anxiety, fatigue, dry mouth, and diarrhea. AE incidence was higher during the titration vs maintenance periods. For HD, AE incidence was numerically higher with deutetrabenazine (n = 84) vs placebo (n = 45; any AE, 64.3% vs 60.0%; treatment-related AE, 38.1% vs 26.7%); serious AEs were reported for similar proportions for the deutetrabenazine and placebo groups, 2.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Common AEs (≥ 4%) included irritability, fall, depression, dry mouth, and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Data from an integrated analysis of studies in TD and an integrated analysis of studies of chorea in HD showed that deutetrabenazine has a favorable safety profile and is well tolerated across indications. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers, NCT02291861, NCT02195700, NCT01795859, NCT02198794, NCT01897896.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Frank
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Kirstein 228, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | | | | | - Robert A Hauser
- University of South Florida Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - David Stamler
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Hadas Barkay
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Netanya, Israel
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | | | - Nayla Chaijale
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Steve Barash
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Maria Chen
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
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Robinson DG, Suett M, Wilhelm A, Chaijale N, Franzenburg KR, Gandhi S, Cloud B, Mychaskiw M. Patient and Healthcare Professional Preferences for Characteristics of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Agents for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Adv Ther 2023; 40:2249-2264. [PMID: 36905498 PMCID: PMC10129959 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies evaluating patient and healthcare professional (HCP) preferences regarding long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic agent attributes are lacking. METHODS Surveys were administered to physicians, nurses, and patients who had at least two experiences with TV-46000, an investigational subcutaneous LAI antipsychotic agent for the treatment of schizophrenia, as part of the SHINE study (NCT03893825). Survey topics included preferences for route of administration, potential LAI dosing intervals (once-weekly, twice a month, once a month [q1m], every 2 months [q2m]), injection location, ease of use, syringe type, needle length, and need for reconstitution. RESULTS Patients (n = 63) had a mean (SD) age of 35.6 (9.6) years, age at diagnosis of 18 (10) years, and were mostly male (75%). There were 49 HCPs: 24 physicians and 25 nurses. Patients rated "a short needle" (68%), a "choice of [q1m or q2m] dosing interval" (59%), and "injection instead of oral tablet" (59%) as the most important features. HCPs rated "single injection to initiate treatment" (61%), "flexible dosing interval" (84%), and "injection instead of oral tablet" (59%) as the most important features. Subcutaneous injections were rated "easy to [receive/administer]" by 62% of patients and 84% of HCPs. When choosing between subcutaneous injections and intramuscular injections, 65% of HCPs preferred subcutaneous injections and 57% of patients preferred intramuscular injections. It was important to most HCPs to have four dose strength options (78%), a prefilled syringe (96%), and no need for reconstitution (90%). CONCLUSIONS Patients had a range of responses, and on some issues patient and HCP preferences differed. Altogether, this suggests the importance of providing patients with a range of options and the importance of patient-HCP discussions on treatment preference for LAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delbert G Robinson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
- Research Department, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, 75-59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY, 11004, USA.
| | - Mark Suett
- Global Medical Affairs, Teva UK Limited, Harlow, UK
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- North America Medical Affairs, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - Nayla Chaijale
- Global Medical Affairs, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Kelli R Franzenburg
- Global Medical Affairs, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | - Sanjay Gandhi
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
| | | | - Marko Mychaskiw
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., West Chester, PA, USA
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Macfadden W, Wilhelm A, Candler S, Mettam S. A letter to the editor commenting on the recent publication by AY Avidan and CA Kushida. Future Cardiol 2022; 18:921-923. [PMID: 36321776 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2022-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Hauser RA, Barkay H, Wilhelm A, Wieman M, Savola JM, Gordon MF. Minimal clinically important change in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale score in tardive dyskinesia as assessed in pivotal trials of deutetrabenazine. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 97:47-51. [PMID: 35299070 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deutetrabenazine is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat tardive dyskinesia (TD) based on 2 pivotal, 12-week, placebo-controlled studies (ARM-TD and AIM-TD) evaluating safety and efficacy in patients with baseline total motor Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score ≥6. This analysis estimated the minimal clinically important change (MCIC) in total motor AIMS score in TD patients treated with deutetrabenazine. METHODS The pooled analysis population included all patients in ARM-TD and AIM-TD who received study drug and had ≥1 postbaseline AIMS assessment. MCIC analyses were performed using Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) as anchors. MCIC was defined as the mean change from baseline in total motor AIMS score in patients treated with deutetrabenazine who were rated minimally improved on PGIC or CGIC at Week 12. RESULTS This analysis included 295 patients (deutetrabenazine, n = 197; placebo, n = 98). At Week 12, the MCIC in deutetrabenazine-treated patients was -2.4 based on the PGIC and -2.1 based on the CGIC. Mean change from baseline in total motor AIMS score for placebo-treated patients rated minimally improved was -1.4 based on the PGIC and -1.5 based on the CGIC. The proportion of deutetrabenazine-treated patients who achieved improvement in total motor AIMS score by ≥2 and ≥3 points was 66% and 55%, respectively. CONCLUSION Using anchor-based methodology, the MCIC on the AIMS for deutetrabenazine in patients with TD was approximately -2, suggesting that a reduction in total motor AIMS score of ∼2 is associated with clinically meaningful improvement in TD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hauser
- University of South Florida Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Hauser RA, Barkay H, Fernandez HH, Factor SA, Jimenez-Shahed J, Gross N, Marinelli L, Wilhelm A, Alexander J, Gordon MF, Savola JM, Anderson KE. Long-Term Deutetrabenazine Treatment for Tardive Dyskinesia Is Associated With Sustained Benefits and Safety: A 3-Year, Open-Label Extension Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:773999. [PMID: 35280262 PMCID: PMC8906841 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.773999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deutetrabenazine is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in adults. In two 12-week pivotal studies, deutetrabenazine demonstrated statistically significant improvements in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores, with favorable safety/tolerability in TD patients. This study reports long-term efficacy and safety of deutetrabenazine in a 3-year, single-arm, open-label extension (OLE) study. Methods Patients who completed the pivotal studies could enroll in this single-arm OLE study, titrating up to 48 mg/day based on dyskinesia control and tolerability. Efficacy was assessed based on change from baseline in total motor AIMS score, Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and quality of life (QOL) assessments. Safety evaluation included adverse event (AE) incidence, reported using exposure-adjusted incidence rates, and safety scales. Results 343 patients enrolled in the study (6 patients were excluded). At Week 145 (mean dose: 39.4 ± 0.83 mg/day), mean ± SE change from baseline in total motor AIMS score was −6.6 ± 0.37 and 67% of patients achieved ≥50% improvement in total motor AIMS score. Based on CGIC and PGIC, 73% and 63% of patients achieved treatment success, respectively. QOL improvements were also observed. Deutetrabenazine was generally well tolerated, with low rates of mild-to-moderate AEs and no new safety signals; most safety scales remained unchanged over time. Conclusions Long-term deutetrabenazine treatment was associated with sustained improvement in AIMS scores, indicative of clinically meaningful long-term benefit, and was generally well tolerated. Results suggest deutetrabenazine may provide increasing benefit over time without increases in dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hauser
- University of South Florida Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Tampa, FL, United States
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Sajatovic M, Finkbeiner S, Wilhelm A, Barkay H, Chaijale N, Gross N, Gordon MF. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine in Younger and Older Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:360-371. [PMID: 34511333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess long-term safety and efficacy of deutetrabenazine in younger (<55 years) and older (≥55 years) adult participants with tardive dyskinesia (TD). DESIGN Three-year, single-arm, open-label extension (OLE) study enrolling participants who completed the 12-week, pivotal ARM-TD or AIM-TD studies. SETTING Seventy-six centers in the United States and Europe. PARTICIPANTS A total of 337 participants with TD (119 younger and 218 older). INTERVENTION Deutetrabenazine was initiated at 12 mg/day and titrated once weekly by 6 mg/day using a response-driven dosing regimen until adequate dyskinesia control was reached or a clinically significant adverse event occurred. MEASUREMENTS This post hoc analysis assessed change and percent change from baseline in total motor Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) score, response rates for ≥50% AIMS improvement, Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and safety in younger and older participants with TD. RESULTS After 3 years of open-label treatment, mean deutetrabenazine dose was ∼39.5 mg/day in both groups. Mean±SE changes from baseline in total motor AIMS score were -6.7 ± 0.62 and -6.5 ± 0.47 in younger and older participants, respectively (percent changes: -61.4% ± 4.10% and -54.6% ± 3.01%); 76% of younger and 62% of older participants achieved ≥50% AIMS response. Most younger and older participants achieved treatment success per CGIC (67% and 76%) and PGIC (64% and 63%). Deutetrabenazine was generally well tolerated in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Deutetrabenazine treatment was associated with sustained improvements in total motor AIMS score, treatment success, and improved quality of life, and was well tolerated in younger and older adults with TD in this 3-year OLE study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Sajatovic
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center (MS), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.
| | | | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Teva Pharmaceuticals (SF, AW, NCNG, MFG), West Chester, PA
| | | | - Nayla Chaijale
- Teva Pharmaceuticals (SF, AW, NCNG, MFG), West Chester, PA
| | - Nicholas Gross
- Teva Pharmaceuticals (SF, AW, NCNG, MFG), West Chester, PA
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Rutigliano HM, Thomas AJ, Umbaugh JJ, Wilhelm A, Sessions BR, Kaundal R, Duhan N, Hicks BA, Schlafer DH, White KL, Davies CJ. Increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines at the fetal-maternal interface in bovine pregnancies produced by cloning. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13520. [PMID: 34974639 PMCID: PMC9285385 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM A significant rate of spontaneous abortion is observed in cattle pregnancies produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins are abnormally expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells from SCNT conceptuses. METHOD OF STUDY MHC-I homozygous compatible (n = 9), homozygous incompatible (n = 8), and heterozygous incompatible (n = 5) pregnancies were established by SCNT. Eight control pregnancies were established by artificial insemination. Uterine and trophoblast samples were collected on day 35 ±1 of pregnancy, the expression of immune-related genes was examined by qPCR, and the expression of trophoblast microRNAs was assessed by sequencing. RESULTS Compared to the control group, trophoblast from MHC-I heterozygous incompatible pregnancies expressed increased levels of CD28, CTLA4, CXCL8, IFNG, IL1A, IL2, IL10, IL12B, TBX21, and TNF, while GNLY expression was downregulated. The MHC-I homozygous incompatible treatment group expressed increased levels of IFNG, IL1A, and IL2 while the MHC-I homozygous compatible group did not differentially express any genes compared to the control group. In the endometrium, relative to the control group, MHC-I heterozygous incompatible pregnancies expressed increased levels of CD28, CTLA4, CXCL8, IFNG, IL10, IL12B, and TNF, while GATA3 expression was downregulated. The MHC-I homozygous incompatible group expressed decreased amounts of CSF2 transcripts compared with the control group but did not have abnormal expression of any other immune-related genes. MHC-I incompatible pregnancies had 40 deregulated miRNAs compared to control pregnancies and 62 deregulated microRNAs compared to MHC-I compatible pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS MHC-I compatibility between the dam and fetus prevented an exacerbated maternal immune response from being mounted against fetal antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa M Rutigliano
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Aaron J Thomas
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Janae J Umbaugh
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Benjamin R Sessions
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Naveen Duhan
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Brady A Hicks
- J.R. Simplot Company Cattle Reproduction Facility, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Donald H Schlafer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth L White
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Christopher J Davies
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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Wilhelm A, Stevenson HL, Kline K. Cytokeratin 7 and Copper Stains Facilitate Diagnosis of Small Duct Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Classic primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) involves extrahepatic and/or intrahepatic biliary ducts with segmental biliary strictures and dilatations that often allow the diagnosis to be made via cholangiogram. Small duct PSC (sdPSC) is a rare subtype that presents similarly with a cholestatic pattern of injury, yet due to the small size of involved ducts, a cholangiogram is non-diagnostic and diagnosis is dependent on clinical suspicion and liver biopsy. The histopathological features of sdPSC are often subtle and may easily be overlooked. Diagnosis of this entity- though difficult- is important, as early recognition can facilitate the identification of associated disease processes and life-threatening complications.
Methods/Case Report
We encountered a 33-year-old female presenting with intermittent pruritis, episodes of jaundice, and persistently elevated alkaline phosphatase who was misdiagnosed with only fatty liver at an outside institution. Evaluation with MRCP showed no abnormalities within the biliary tract and a liver biopsy was performed to aid in the diagnosis. The H&E and trichrome findings of atrophic bile ducts and some peribiliary sclerosis were extremely subtle and may have been overlooked without clinical suspicion. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) highlighted cholangiolar metaplasia in hepatocytes and the bile ductular reaction that occurs in cholestatic disease states. A Rhodamine copper stain showed periportal deposition suggestive of chronic biliary obstruction. Use of CK7 and copper stains supported the presence of chronic biliary injury and suboptimal bile flow, confirming the diagnosis of sdPSC.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
Diagnosis of sdPSC has historically relied on H&E and trichrome stains. In this case, the findings on H&E and trichrome stains were non-diagnostic, while the use of CK7 and copper stains confirmed the diagnosis of sdPSC. We recommend using CK7 and copper stains to evaluate for sdPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - H L Stevenson
- Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - K Kline
- Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
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Wilhelm A, Muthukumarana PV, Uddin H, Okereke I. Non-IgG4-Related Fibrosing Mediastinitis Diagnosed on Needle Biopsy and Treated with Steroids. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a rare and aggressive fibroinflammatory process of the mediastinum. It is a difficult diagnosis, especially on small biopsies as the presentation and the fibrosing background mimics malignancy. Although the exact etiology is unknown, prior fungal infections, certain medications and autoimmune conditions are documented. Significant histopathologic overlap with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) can complicate the diagnosis. An accurate diagnosis is important for treatment as corticosteroids for IgG4-RD is proven to be effective; however, no effective treatment is described for FM. Additionally, immunosuppression would prove harmful in other conditions with fibrosing morphology. We report a very unique case of non-IgG4-related FM that was diagnosed on a needle biopsy and showed marked improvement with corticosteroids.
Methods/Case Report
A 65-year-old man with no significant medical history presented with syncope and recent weight loss. Imaging revealed a pericardial effusion and a heterogeneous 8.1 cm mediastinal mass encasing the great vessels and aortic arch. Needle biopsy showed fibrosis with keloid-type collagen, mixed inflammatory cells, and few benign lymphoid follicles. No evidence of hematolymphoid malignancy, carcinoma, or infection was seen. Serum and tissue IgG-4 studies were negative for IgG4-RD. A diagnosis of FM was made, and a trial of corticosteroids was initiated. Interestingly, the patient showed improvement with a 2.3 cm decrease in lesion size and near-complete resolution of pericardial effusion after one month of treatment.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
FM should be included in the differential diagnosis of infiltrative mediastinal masses which presents a diagnostic challenge on limited needle biopsies. Although effective treatment for non-IgG4 related FM is not clearly established, corticosteroids may prove beneficial, as in this patient. Mortality from FM is directly related to the compressive effect on adjacent structures. Early diagnosis and treatment are therefore crucial. Further studies on the pathogenesis are necessary, as well as better directed therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - P V Muthukumarana
- Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - H Uddin
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, UNITED STATES
| | - I Okereke
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, UNITED STATES
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Clayton MJ, Kelly EJ, Mainenti M, Wilhelm A, Torchetti MK, Killian ML, Van Wettere AJ. Pandemic lineage 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus infection in farmed mink in Utah. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 34:82-85. [PMID: 34697977 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211052966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mink are susceptible to infection with influenza A virus (IAV) of swine and human origin. In 2019, a Utah mink farm had an outbreak of respiratory disease in kits caused by infection with the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus [A(H1N1)pdm09]. In 3 wk, ~325, 1-2-wk-old kits died (10% mortality in kits). All deaths occurred in a single barn that housed 640 breeding females. No clinical signs or deaths occurred among adult mink. Five dead kits and 3 euthanized female mink were autopsied. All kits had moderate-to-severe neutrophilic and lymphohistiocytic interstitial pneumonia; adult mink had minimal-to-moderate lymphohistiocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR targeting the matrix gene detected IAV in lung of kits and adults. Virus isolation and genetic analysis identified the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The source of the virus was not determined but is thought to be the result of reverse zoonosis. Our case emphasizes the need for close monitoring on mink farms for interspecies transmission of IAV and for safe work practices on farms and in diagnostic laboratories. Additionally, a pandemic virus may continue to circulate at low levels long after the global event is declared over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Clayton
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan and Spanish Fork, UT, USA
| | - E Jane Kelly
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan and Spanish Fork, UT, USA
| | - Marta Mainenti
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan and Spanish Fork, UT, USA
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan and Spanish Fork, UT, USA
| | - Mia Kim Torchetti
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Veterinary Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Mary Lea Killian
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Veterinary Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Arnaud J Van Wettere
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan and Spanish Fork, UT, USA
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Nocera F, Wilhelm A, Schneider R, Koechlin L, Daume D, Fourie L, Steinemann DC, von Flüe M, Peterli R, Angehrn F, Bolli M. Robot-assisted vs. laparoscopic repair of complete upside-down stomach hiatal hernia (the RATHER-study): A prospective comparative single center study. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab202.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Complete upside-down stomach (cUDS) hernias are a subgroup of large hiatal hernias characterized by high risk of life-threatening complications and technically challenging surgical repair including complex mediastinal dissection. In a prospective, comparative clinical study, we evaluated intra- and postoperative outcomes, quality of life and symptomatic recurrence rates in patients with cUDS undergoing robot-assisted, as compared to standard laparoscopic repair (the RATHER-study).
Methods
All patients with cUDS herniation requiring elective surgery in our institution between July 2015 and June 2019 were evaluated. Patients undergoing primary open surgery or additional associated procedures were not considered. Primary endpoints were intra- and postoperative complications, 30-day morbidity, and mortality. During the 8-53 months follow-up period, patients were contacted by telephone to assess symptoms associated to recurrence, whereas quality of life was evaluated utilizing the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease–Health-Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) questionnaire.
Results
A total of 55 patients were included. 36 operations were performed with robot-assisted (Rob-G), and 19 with standard laparoscopic (Lap-G) technique. Patients characteristics were similar in both groups. Median operation time was 232 min. (IQR: 145-420) in robot-assisted vs. 163 min. (IQR:112-280) in laparoscopic surgery (p < 0.001). Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/36 (12.5%) cases in the Rob-G group and in 5/19 (26%) cases in the Lap-G group (p = 0.28). No conversion was necessary in either group. Minor postoperative complications occurred in 13/36 (36%) Rob-G patients and 4/19 (21%) Lap-G patients (p = 0.36). Mortality or major complications did not occur in either group. Two asymptomatic recurrences were observed in the Rob-G group only. No patient required revision surgery. Finally, all patients expressed satisfaction for treatment outcome, as indicated by similar GERD-HRQL scores.
Conclusion
While robot-assisted surgery provides additional precision, enhanced visualization, and greater feasibility in cUDS hiatal hernia repair, its clinical outcome is at least equal to that obtained by standard laparoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nocera
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Wilhelm
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Schneider
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Koechlin
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Daume
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Fourie
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D C Steinemann
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M von Flüe
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Peterli
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Angehrn
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Bolli
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis - University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
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Lalos A, Wilhelm A, Staubli S, Posabella A, Weixler B, von Flüe M, Droeser RA, Tampakis A. High expression of CD34 protein in stage IIA rectal cancer is independently associated with better prognosis. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab202.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common cause of death from malignancies, while 30% of all these tumors develop in the rectum. The proximity of the rectum to vital structures, and in some cases the use of neoadjuvant treatment, make the surgical resection of this tumor a great challenge even for highly qualified surgeons. Understanding the mechanisms of rectal cancer (RC) development could lead to new concepts in the approach of diagnosis, prognosis, and eventually treatment of this disease. Despite the fact that TNM classification represents the gold standard tool for the staging of RC, a significant number of studies has recently focused on the association between the tumor microenvironment and RC. CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor and vascular endothelial cells, as well in malignant tissues. It has also been shown to be involved in tumor invasion and angiogenesis. Because of the controversial data , we examined the expression of CD34 protein in RC specimens after stratifying the patients according to their UICC stage.
Methods
In our retrospective study, we included 364 patients with unselected, clinically annotated primary RC specimens. We analyzed a tissue microarray (TMA) of these specimens by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of CD34 protein by tumor cells.
Results
After stratifying the patients in nodal negative and positive groups, we found that the patients with Stage IIA tumors and high expression of CD34 protein had a favorable 5-year overall survival rate (53%; 95%CI = 40.0 – 65.1%) compared to tumors without expression of CD34 protein (26%; 95%CI = 10.7 – 44.6%, p = 0.003). Univariate and multivariate Hazard Cox regression survival analysis revealed that the combined the expression of CD34 protein was an independent, favorable, prognostic marker for overall survival in the stage IIA RC (HR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.19 – 0.79; p = 0.009).
Conclusion
Our data show that the expression of CD34 protein represents an independent, favorable, prognostic condition in nodal negative stage IIA RC. Thereby, we provide novel insights into the prognostic role of the tumor microenvironment in RC that might help in the development of novel treatment modalities by its modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lalos
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Wilhelm
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Staubli
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Posabella
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - B Weixler
- Department of Surgery, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M von Flüe
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R A Droeser
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Tampakis
- Department of Surgery, Clarunis – University Abdominal Center, Basel, Switzerland
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Knebel H, Alexander J, Wilhelm A, Loupe P, Schneider F, Gordon MF. On crushing of deutetrabenazine tablets. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021; 78:1551-1552. [PMID: 33821933 PMCID: PMC8404741 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Knebel
- Medical Scientific Unit Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd Netanya, Israel
| | - Jessica Alexander
- Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd West Chester, PA
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd West Chester, PA
| | - Pippa Loupe
- Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd West Chester, PA
| | - Frank Schneider
- Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd Ratiopharm GmbH, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mark Forrest Gordon
- Global Research and Development Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd West Chester, PA
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Archer A, Benbow W, Bird R, Brose R, Buchovecky M, Buckley J, Bugaev V, Connolly M, Cui W, Daniel M, Feng Q, Finley J, Fortson L, Furniss A, Gillanders G, Hütten M, Hanna D, Hervet O, Holder J, Hughes G, Humensky T, Johnson C, Kaaret P, Kar P, Kelley-Hoskins N, Kertzman M, Kieda D, Krause M, Krennrich F, Kumar S, Lang M, Lin T, Maier G, McArthur S, Moriarty P, Mukherjee R, O’Brien S, Ong R, Otte A, Petrashyk A, Pohl M, Pueschel E, Quinn J, Ragan K, Reynolds P, Richards G, Roache E, Rulten C, Sadeh I, Santander M, Sembroski G, Staszak D, Sushch I, Wakely S, Wells R, Wilcox P, Wilhelm A, Williams D, Williamson T, Zitzer B. Measurement of cosmic-ray electrons at TeV energies by VERITAS. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.062004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Van Wettere AJ, Kurz JP, Wilhelm A, Ipsen JD. Opisthotonos and unilateral internal hydrocephalus associated with aberrant migration of Serratospiculum sp. or Serratospiculoides sp. in a prairie falcon. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:770-773. [PMID: 29790450 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718777284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A juvenile, wild-caught prairie falcon ( Falco mexicanus) kept for falconry was presented to a veterinary hospital for intermittent opisthotonos and torticollis. Clinical examination, complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and fecal analysis were unremarkable. Clinical signs did not resolve, and the bird was euthanized 6 mo after the appearance of clinical signs. Autopsy revealed a mild, unilateral hydrocephalus and nematodes within the thoracic air sac. Histopathology demonstrated mild, unilateral hydrocephalus; scattered glial nodules; meningeal nematode sections; and meningeal and intraventricular embryonated eggs. Morphology and molecular characterization were consistent with the air sac nematode Serratospiculum or Serratospiculoides spp. Air sac nematode infection can be associated with air sacculitis or pneumonia in falcons. Aberrant migration of air sac filariid nematodes Serratospiculum or Serratospiculoides spp. into the nervous system resulting in clinical disease is rare, but should be included in the differential diagnosis of neurologic diseases in falcons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud J Van Wettere
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT (Van Wettere, Kurz, Wilhelm).,Payson Family Pet Hospital, Payson, UT (Ipsen)
| | - Jaqueline P Kurz
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT (Van Wettere, Kurz, Wilhelm).,Payson Family Pet Hospital, Payson, UT (Ipsen)
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT (Van Wettere, Kurz, Wilhelm).,Payson Family Pet Hospital, Payson, UT (Ipsen)
| | - Jay Dee Ipsen
- Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, UT (Van Wettere, Kurz, Wilhelm).,Payson Family Pet Hospital, Payson, UT (Ipsen)
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Noreljaleel AEM, Wilhelm A, Bonnet SL, van der Westhuizen JH. Synthesis and Bioactivity of Reduced Chalcones Containing Sulfonamide Side Chains. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:41-48. [PMID: 29309141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect on the bioactivity of antibacterial sulfonamide drugs against malaria and tuberculosis via an increase of the lipid solubility groups by condensation with a reduced chalcone was investigated. Sulfonamide derivatives (8a-8d) were obtained via a 1,3-diarylpropane scaffold, prepared by reduction of the relevant chalcones, followed by the addition of a sulfonamide moiety via the Mannich and the Mannich exchange reactions. The ClogP values indicated that the lipophilicities of 8a-8d and intermediate reduced chalcones and N-alkylated reduced chalcones (5a-7a) were much higher than those of the sulfonamides (1a-1c). The N-alkylated reduced chalcone derivatives 6 and 7 exhibited the highest antimalarial (Plasmodium falciparum (NF54 strain)) activity. Addition of the sulfonamide group weakened the activity, even though some ClogP values were higher, while 1a-1c showed no activity. The reduced chalcones 5a and 5 showed potent growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv strain), but the sulfonamide derivatives 8a and 8d showed no or insignificant activity (0 and 14%, respectively) against M. tuberculosis, despite high ClogP values. Thus, the possible increase in bioactivity expected from an increase in ClogP values (lipophilicity) might be counteracted by the higher molecular weight of the studied analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar E M Noreljaleel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Omdurman Islamic University , PO Box 382, Omdurman, Sudan
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Wilhelm A, Döbert N, Menzel C, Gossmann J, Berner U, Zaplatnikov K, Scheuermann EH, Grünwald F, Hamscho N. Residual kidney function after donor nephrectomy. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1625206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary:Aim: We evaluated the long-term residual renal function after donor nephrectomy using 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycin (MAG3)-clearance. Donors, methods: Altogether 49 kidney donors were examined using 99mTc-MAG3-clearance after nephrectomy for donation to a relative (m:f = 11:38; age 55±27 years). The donors were examined 16±8 years postoperatively (1.5-26 years). 42 donors (86%) showed normal creatinine values, whereas the other seven (14%) exhibited slightly elevated levels. 20 donors were examined pre- and postoperatively and compared intraindividually. The kidney function was compared to the age adapted normal values of healthy persons with two kidneys (67–133% of age related mean). Results: After nephrectomy all donors showed a normal perfusion, good secretion, merely physiological intrarenal transit and a normal elimination from the kidneys. The 99mTc-MAG3-clearance was 69 ±15% of the normal mean value of healthy carriers of two kidneys regardless of the gender. 20 donors with a preoperative examination showed a significantly reduced total renal function from 84 ± 15% of the mean normal value preoperatively to 60 ± 15% postoperatively (p <0.0005). 15 donors of this group exhibited a significant functional increase of the residual kidney from 40% initially to 60% after nephrectomy (p = 0.003). No correlation was found between the initial 99mTc-MAG3-clearance measured prior to nephrectomy and the clearance levels after nephrectomy. Also, no correlation between the preoperative 99mTc- MAG3-clearance and the postoperative serum creatinine values could be observed. Altogether, 22% of the donors (11/49) developed arterial hypertension 10 ± 8 years after donation (1-23 years). This corresponds to the normal age prevalence of hypertension in the carriers of two kidneys. Three donors suffered from arterial hypertension prior to the operation. Conclusion: Kidney donors with normal or slightly elevated creatinine values postoperatively show a 99mTc- MAG3-clearance value of 69% of the mean value of healthy carriers of two kidneys. This may serve as a reference value for healthy carriers of one kidney. In our study we demonstrated a good compensation of the contralateral kidney via renal scintigraphy by means of 99mTc-MAG3-clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Center of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases Aachener, Str. 1012, 50858 , Köln, Germany.
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19
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Wilhelm A, Fiebig A, Krawczak M. Five years of experience with the FiLaC™ laser for fistula-in-ano management: long-term follow-up from a single institution. Tech Coloproctol 2017; 21:269-276. [PMID: 28271331 PMCID: PMC5423928 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-017-1599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background
There are limited data available concerning endofistular therapies for fistula-in-ano, with our group reporting the first preliminary outcomes of the use of the radial fibre Fistula laser Closing (FiLaC ™) device. Methods The aim of this study was to assess a cohort of anal fistulae managed with laser ablation plus definitive flap closure of the internal fistula opening over a long-term follow-up. Factors governing primary healing success and secondary healing success (i.e. success after one or two operations) were determined. Results
The study analysed 117 patients over a median follow-up period of 25.4 months (range 6–60 months) with 13 patients (11.1%) having Crohn’s-related fistulae. No incontinence to solid and liquid stool was reported. Minor incontinence to mucus and gas was observed in two cases (1.7%), and a late abscess treated in one case (0.8%). The primary healing rate was 75/117 (64.1%) overall, and 63.5% for cryptoglandular fistulae versus 69.2% for Crohn’s fistulae, respectively. Of the 42 patients who failed FiLaC™ 31 underwent a second operation (“Re-FiLaC™”, fistulectomy with sphincter reconstruction or fistulotomy). The secondary healing rate, defined as healing of the fistula at the end of the study period, was 103/117 (88.0%) overall and 85.5% for cryptoglandular fistulae versus 92.3% for Crohn’s fistulae. A significantly higher primary success rate was observed for intersphincteric-type fistulae with primary and secondary outcome unaffected by age, gender, presence of Crohn’s disease, number of prior surgeries and the type of flap designed to close the internal fistula opening. Conclusions There is a moderate primary success rate using first-up FiLaC™ treatment. If FiLaC™ fails, secondary success with repeat FiLaC™ or other approaches was high. The minimally invasive FiLaC™ approach may therefore represent a sensible first-line treatment option for anal fistula repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Center of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Aachener Str. 1006-12, 50858, Cologne, Germany.
| | - A Fiebig
- Competence Network of Chronic Venous Diseases, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Krawczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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Rutigliano HM, Wilhelm A, Hall J, Shi B, Meng Q, Stott R, Bunch TD, White KL, Davies CJ, Polejaeva IA. Cytokine gene expression at the maternal–fetal interface after somatic cell nuclear transfer pregnancies in small ruminants. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:646-657. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present retrospective study investigated pregnancy rates, the incidence of pregnancy loss and large offspring syndrome (LOS) and immune-related gene expression of sheep and goat somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pregnancies. We hypothesised that significantly higher pregnancy losses observed in sheep compared with goat SCNT pregnancies are due to the increased amounts of T-helper 1 cytokines and proinflammatory mediators at the maternal–fetal interface. Sheep and goat SCNT pregnancies were generated using the same procedure. Control pregnancies were established by natural breeding. Although SCNT pregnancy rates at 45 days were similar in both species, pregnancy losses between 45 and 60 days of gestation and the incidence of LOS were significantly greater in sheep than in goats. At term, the expression of proinflammatory genes in sheep SCNT placentas was increased, whereas that in goats was similar to that in control animals. Genes with altered expression in sheep SCNT placentas included cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), interleukin 2 receptor alpha (IL2RA), cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28), interferon gamma (IFNG), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8). Major histocompatibility complex-I protein expression was greater in sheep and goat SCNT placentas at term than in control pregnancies. An unfavourable immune environment is present at the maternal–fetal interface in sheep SCNT pregnancies.
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21
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Wilhelm A, Sietmann R, Wilhelm U, Hammer T. [The influence of VEGF inhibitors on corneal endothelium after injection into the anterior chamber in a porcine eye model]. Ophthalmologe 2016; 112:346-52. [PMID: 25305043 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-014-3116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The injection of antiangiogenic agents, such as ranibizumab (Lucentis®) and bevacizumab (Avastin®) into the anterior chamber of the eye represents a suitable alternative for treating neovascular glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure. OBJECTIVES As the antiangiogenic substances are in direct contact with the sensitive corneal endothelium, the aim of this study was to show the effects of intracameral injection of ranibizumab and bevacizumab on this cell layer. METHODS Each injection consisted of 50 µl containing either ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 ml), bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) or triamcinolone containing benzyl alcohol (2 mg/0.05 ml) which was used as the control group. These compounds were injected into the anterior chamber of pig eyes. Afterwards the corneas were dissected, fixed, examined by a scanning electron microscopy and evaluated according to a specified score. Assessment of the endothelium was carried out by evaluating the condition of microvilli, cell borders, cell surface and cell pattern. The findings were compared to untreated corneas and those injected with 50 µl of balanced salt solution (BSS). RESULTS The corneal endothelium exposed to the antiangiogenic substances showed only minor changes in comparison to the controls treated only with BSS. Also seen during this research was the irreversible cell damage in the control group using triamcinolone. CONCLUSION Ranibizumab and bevacizumab have no damaging effects on the corneal endothelium when used in the anterior chamber. They can be administered as an intracameral injection for the treatment of rubeotic secondary glaucoma. Triamcinolon containing benzyl alcohol causes severe damage to the endothelial cells of the cornea by direct contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Augenabteilung, St. Franziskus-Hospital Münster, Hohenzollernring 74, 48145, Münster, Deutschland,
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Parasar P, Wilhelm A, Rutigliano HM, Thomas AJ, Teng L, Shi B, Davis WC, Suarez CE, New DD, White KL, Davies CJ. Expression of bovine non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I proteins in mouse P815 and human K562 cells. Res Vet Sci 2016; 107:161-170. [PMID: 27473990 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins can be expressed as cell surface or secreted proteins. To investigate whether bovine non-classical MHC-I proteins are expressed as cell surface or secreted proteins, and to assess the reactivity pattern of monoclonal antibodies with non-classical MHC-I isoforms, we expressed the MHC proteins in murine P815 and human K562 (MHC-I deficient) cells. Following antibiotic selection, stably transfected cell lines were stained with H1A or W6/32 antibodies to detect expression of the MHC-I proteins by flow cytometry. Two non-classical proteins (BoLA-NC1*00501 and BoLA-NC3*00101) were expressed on the cell surface in both cell lines. Surprisingly, the BoLA-NC4*00201 protein was expressed on the cell membrane of human K562 but not mouse P815 cells. Two non-classical proteins (BoLA-NC1*00401, which lacks a transmembrane domain, and BoLA-NC2*00102) did not exhibit cell surface expression. Nevertheless, Western blot analyses demonstrated expression of the MHC-I heavy chain in all transfected cell lines. Ammonium-sulfate precipitation of proteins from culture supernatants showed that BoLA-NC1*00401 was secreted and that all surface expressed proteins where shed from the cell membrane by the transfected cells. Interestingly, the surface expressed MHC-I proteins were present in culture supernatants at a much higher concentration than BoLA-NC1*00401. This comprehensive study shows that bovine non-classical MHC-I proteins BoLA-NC1*00501, BoLA-NC3*00101, and BoLA-NC4*00201 are expressed as surface isoforms with the latter reaching the cell membrane only in K562 cells. Furthermore, it demonstrated that BoLA-NC1*00401 is a secreted isoform and that significant quantities of membrane associated MHC-I proteins can be shed from the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Parasar
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Heloisa M Rutigliano
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Aaron J Thomas
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Lihong Teng
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Bi Shi
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - William C Davis
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, P.O. Box 647040, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Carlos E Suarez
- USDA-ARS Animal Disease Research Unit, P.O. Box 646630, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Daniel D New
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, P.O. Box 647040, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth L White
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Christopher J Davies
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, 4815 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Integrated BioSystems, 4700 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
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Rutigliano HM, Thomas AJ, Wilhelm A, Sessions BR, Hicks BA, Schlafer DH, White KL, Davies CJ. Trophoblast Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression Is Associated with Immune-Mediated Rejection of Bovine Fetuses Produced by Cloning. Biol Reprod 2016; 95:39. [PMID: 27385783 PMCID: PMC5029473 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.136523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cells from bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) conceptuses express major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins early in gestation, and this may be one cause of the significant first-trimester embryonic mortality observed in these pregnancies. MHC-I homozygous-compatible (n = 9), homozygous-incompatible (n = 8), and heterozygous-incompatible (n = 5) SCNT pregnancies were established. The control group consisted of eight pregnancies produced by artificial insemination. Uterine and placental samples were collected on Day 35 ± 1 of pregnancy, and expression of MHC-I, leukocyte markers, and cytokines were examined by immunohistochemistry. Trophoblast cells from all SCNT pregnancies expressed MHC-I, while trophoblast cells from age-matched control pregnancies were negative for MHC-I expression. Expression of MHC-I antigens by trophoblast cells from SCNT pregnancies was associated with lymphocytic infiltration in the endometrium. Furthermore, MHC-I-incompatible conceptuses, particularly the heterozygous-incompatible ones, induced a more pronounced lymphocytic infiltration than MHC-I-compatible conceptuses. Cells expressing cluster of differentiation (CD) 3, gamma/deltaTCR, and MHC-II were increased in the endometrium of SCNT pregnancies compared to the control group. CD4+ lymphocytes were increased in MHC-I-incompatible pregnancies compared to MHC-I-compatible and control pregnancies. CD8+, FOXP3+, and natural killer cells were increased in MHC-I heterozygous-incompatible SCNT pregnancies compared to homozygous SCNT and control pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa M Rutigliano
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Aaron J Thomas
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Amanda Wilhelm
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Benjamin R Sessions
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Brady A Hicks
- J.R. Simplot Company Cattle Reproduction Facility, Emmett, Idaho
| | - Donald H Schlafer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Kenneth L White
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | - Christopher J Davies
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
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Mukherjee SK, Wilhelm A, Antoniades CG. TAM receptor tyrosine kinase function and the immunopathology of liver disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G899-905. [PMID: 26867565 PMCID: PMC4935487 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00382.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tyro3, Axl, MERTK (TAM) receptor tyrosine kinases are implicated in the regulation of the innate immune response through clearance of apoptotic cellular debris and control of cytokine signaling cascades. As a result they are pivotal in regulating the inflammatory response to tissue injury. Within the liver, immune regulatory signaling is employed to prevent the overactivation of innate immunity in response to continual antigenic challenge from the gastrointestinal tract. In this review we appraise current understanding of the role of TAM receptor function in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity, with a focus on its impact upon hepatic inflammatory pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Mukherjee
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - A. Wilhelm
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - C. G. Antoniades
- 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and ,2Division of Transplantation Immunology & Mucosal Biology, Institute of Liver Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abeysekara AU, Archambault S, Archer A, Aune T, Barnacka A, Benbow W, Bird R, Biteau J, Buckley JH, Bugaev V, Cardenzana JV, Cerruti M, Chen X, Christiansen JL, Ciupik L, Connolly MP, Coppi P, Cui W, Dickinson HJ, Dumm J, Eisch JD, Errando M, Falcone A, Feng Q, Finley JP, Fleischhack H, Flinders A, Fortin P, Fortson L, Furniss A, Gillanders GH, Griffin S, Grube J, Gyuk G, Hütten M, Håkansson N, Hanna D, Holder J, Humensky TB, Johnson CA, Kaaret P, Kar P, Kelley-Hoskins N, Khassen Y, Kieda D, Krause M, Krennrich F, Kumar S, Lang MJ, Maier G, McArthur S, McCann A, Meagher K, Moriarty P, Mukherjee R, Nieto D, Bhróithe AOD, Ong RA, Otte AN, Park N, Perkins JS, Petrashyk A, Pohl M, Popkow A, Pueschel E, Quinn J, Ragan K, Ratliff G, Reynolds PT, Richards GT, Roache E, Rousselle J, Santander M, Sembroski GH, Shahinyan K, Smith AW, Staszak D, Telezhinsky I, Todd NW, Tucci JV, Tyler J, Vassiliev VV, Vincent S, Wakely SP, Weiner OM, Weinstein A, Wilhelm A, Williams DA, Zitzer B, Smith PS, Holoien TWS, Prieto JL, Kochanek CS, Stanek KZ, Shappee B, Hovatta T, Max-Moerbeck W, Pearson TJ, Reeves RA, Richards JL, Readhead ACS, Madejski GM, Djorgovski SG, Drake AJ, Graham MJ, Mahabal A. GAMMA-RAYS FROM THE QUASAR PKS 1441+25: STORY OF AN ESCAPE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/815/2/l22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kann PH, Münzel M, Hadji P, Daniel H, Flache S, Nyarango P, Wilhelm A. Alterations of cortisol homeostasis may link changes of the sociocultural environment to an increased diabetes and metabolic risk in developing countries: A prospective diagnostic study performed in cooperation with the Ovahimba people of the Kunene region/North-Western Namibia. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Schiele
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG. Ulm
| | | | - A. Wilhelm
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG. Ulm
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Abstract
Durch systematische Untersuchung von Tetrazoliumsalzen mit verschiedenem Anion wie auch verschiedenem Substituenten am C-Arylrest konnte nachgewiesen werden, daß Tetrazoliumsalze generell in verschiedenen Stereoisomeren erhalten werden können.
Eine Modellvorstellung über die durch den C-Arylsubstituenten induzierten Veränderungen in der Elektronendichte-Verteilung des heterozyklischen Systems führte dabei zu einer vernünftig erscheinenden Interpretation der beobachteten Phänomene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Schiele
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG Ulm
| | - K. Halfar
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG Ulm
| | - G. Arnold
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG Ulm
| | | | - A. Wilhelm
- Forschungsinstitut der Telefunken AG Ulm
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Baldermann P, Wilhelm A, Ehmann M, Abramidou M, Herth FJF, Pötschke-Langer M, Kreuter M. Effektive Tabakentwöhnung durch kombinierte Beratung in einer Raucherambulanz mit nachfolgender Betreuung am Rauchertelefon. Pneumologie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1334797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wulf K, Wilhelm A, Spielmann M, Wirth S, Jenke AC. Frequency of symptomatic zinc deficiency in very low birth weight infants. Klin Padiatr 2012; 225:13-7. [PMID: 22821297 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1312610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Current concepts on zinc requirements for premature infants rely on studies dating back more than 20 years. Given that nowadays more premature infants frequently survive we aimed to obtain recent frequency data on zinc deficiency in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.226 VLBW infants born between July 2005 and December 2009 were retrospectively included in this study. Mean gestational age (GA) was 28.7 weeks (range 23+0 to 38+0) and mean birth weight 1120g (range 354-1495). All infants received zinc supplementation according to the ESPGHAN guidelines. 26 (11.5%) patients showed clinical signs for zinc deficiency of whom 15 had serum zinc concentrations < 50µg/dl, 9 between 50 and 70 µg/dl and 2 > 70 µg/dl. Infants presenting with dermatitis had significantly lower concentrations (mean 26.7 µg/dl, range 19-31) when compared to infants with diarrhoea or isolated peripheral oedema (35.3 µg/dl and 51.8 µg/dl respectively). Strongest independent risk factors were low GA, being small for GA and suffering from intestinal resection due to necrotizing enterocolitis. Frequency of zinc concentrations <50 µg/dl were calculated to be 6.6% in VLBW infants.Even though current guidelines for zinc supplementation were followed the frequency of zinc deficiency was found to be unexpectedly high in ELBW and SGA infants. Despite the retrospective nature of this single centre study, our data strongly suggest that recommendations on zinc supplementation in ELBW and SGA infants should be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wulf
- HELIOS Children's Hospital Wuppertal, Neonatology, Heusner Strasse 40, Wuppertal, Germany
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Wilhelm A, Jahns F, Böcker S, Mothes H, Greulich K, Glei M. Culturing explanted colon crypts highly improves viability of primary non-transformed human colon epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:133-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Crackower M, Moy L, Jia Y, Yu H, Vincent S, Miller J, Lieber G, Fernandez X, Caniga M, Gil M, Wilhelm A, Houshyar H, Northrup A, Chapman R, Abraham W, Kelly N, Hickey E, Miller T. Characterization of a Novel, Potent and Selective Small Molecule Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK) Inhibitor in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Anal fistula repair still remains challenging. Up to 30% of fistulas persist after surgery despite many improvements in surgical skills and technique. One major reason for surgical failure is a persistent fistula track or remnants of the fistula epithelium which could not be removed during surgery. To overcome this problem, a novel technique was developed using a newly invented radial emitting laser probe ("FiLaC™", Biolitec, Germany) to destroy the fistula epithelium and to simultaneously obliterate the remaining fistula track. In a pilot study, we operated on 11 patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula. All patients underwent previous surgery up to 6 times prior to definitive surgery. In the primary operation, the initial abscess was drained, the internal opening of the fistula identified and seton drainage placed. During fistula repair, we used the flap technique for conventional closure of the internal opening. The remaining fistula track was cleaned mechanically, the laser inserted into the track and energy applied homogeneously at a wavelength of 1,470 nm and 13 watt. While providing continuous retraction of the probe, the remaining epithelium was destroyed and the fistula track obliterated. The median follow-up was 7.4 months. Nine out of 11 fistulas showed primary healing (81.8%). Only one minor form of incontinence (limited soiling) was observed and no complications occurred. The use of a novel diode laser source and a radial emitting laser probe in addition to conventional surgery is a very promising new technique in sphincter-preserving anal fistula repair. The observed healing rate is high. Due to minimized trauma to the sphincter muscle, there are good short-term functional results without observable procedure-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Department of General and Colorectal Surgery, St. Elisabeth Krankenhaus Köln-Hohenlind, Werthmannstr. 1, 50935 Cologne, Germany.
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Loucks E, Gilman S, Kawachi I, Kubzansky L, Martin L, Rogers M, Wilhelm A, Buka S. O2-4.3 Education and coronary heart disease risk: potential contributions of health literacy, time preference and self-efficacy. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976a.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jahns F, Wilhelm A, Jablonowski N, Mothes H, Radeva M, Wölfert A, Greulich KO, Glei M. Butyrate suppresses mRNA increase of osteopontin and cyclooxygenase-2 in human colon tumor tissue. Carcinogenesis 2011; 32:913-20. [PMID: 21459756 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The short chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, a product of fermentation of dietary fiber in the human colon, is found to exert multiple regulatory processes in colon carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to find out whether butyrate affects the tumor-promoting genes osteopontin (OPN) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, their respective proteins and/or their functional activity in matched normal, adenoma and tumor colon tissues obtained from 20 individuals at colon cancer surgery. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments showed increased levels of OPN and COX-2 messenger RNA in tumor tissues when compared with the adjacent normal samples (P < 0.001). The addition of butyrate reduced OPN and COX-2 mRNA expression in all tissue types compared with the related medium controls (tumor: P < 0.05). In tumor samples, a downregulation of up to median 35% (COX-2) and 50% (OPN) was observed, respectively. Thereby, tumors with lower levels of OPN basal expression were more sensitive to inhibition and vice versa for COX-2 in normal tissue. At the protein and enzyme level, which were determined by using western blot and enzyme immunometric assays, the impact of the SCFA was not clearly visible anymore. The active proteins of OPN and COX-2 (determined by prostaglandin E(2)) were found to correlate with their respective mRNA expression only in 50-63% of analyzed donors. For the first time, our data reveal new insights into the chemoprotective potential of butyrate by showing the suppression of OPN and COX-2 mRNA in primary human colon tissue with the strongest effects observed in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jahns
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Straße 24, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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André MC, Erbacher A, Gille C, Schmauke V, Goecke B, Hohberger A, Mang P, Wilhelm A, Müller I, Herr W, Lang P, Handgretinger R, Hartwig UF. Langzeit-transplantierte human-murin chimäre NOD/SCID/IL2Rγnull Mäuse zeigen eine verminderte CD8+ T Zellzahl und eine funktionelle Reifungsstörung von NK Zellen. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Former Head of Surgical Department, Aschaffenburg Teaching Hospital of Würzburg University, Aschaffenburg, Germany
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Wilhelm A. Re: the innervation of the medial humeral epicondyle: implications for medial epicondylar pain, Dellon et al., Journal of Hand Surgery, 31B: 331-333. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2008; 33:542; author reply 542. [PMID: 18687856 DOI: 10.1177/1753193408091426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Eckert R, Wilhelm A, Schwantes U, Utz J, Alloussi S, Trautwein W, Ziegler M. Modulation der zytoplasmatischen Ca2+-Konzentration isolierter Myozyten des Detrusor vesicae durch Anticholinergika. Aktuelle Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1057842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pukelsheim F, Wilhelm A. Experimental Design. STATISTICS-ABINGDON 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/02331889508802482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Konigshoff M, Wilhelm J, Jahn A, Amarie O, Kitowska K, Wilhelm A, Bohle R, Seeger W, Rose F, Fink L, Guenther A, Eickelberg O. Wnt-inducible protein (WISP-1) is a key regulator of alveolar epithelial cell hyperplasia in pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Königshoff M, Wilhelm A, Kamin J, Jahn A, Fink L, Bohle R, Seeger W, Rose F. Funktionelle Analyse von Fibroblasten in der Bleomycin-induzierten Lungenfibrose. Pneumologie 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-933820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wilhelm A. Die Pathogenese des Tennisellenbogens – Konsequenzen für die operative Behandlung. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-862444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Wilhelm A. [Commentary on the article of C. Smola: about the problem of radial tunnel syndrome or "where does the tennis elbow end and where does the radial tunnel syndrome begin?"]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2005; 37:67-71; author reply 72-3. [PMID: 15744659 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Hamscho N, Wilhelm A, Döbert N, Menzel C, Gossmann J, Berner U, Zaplatnikov K, Scheuermann EH, Grünwald F. Residual kidney function after donor nephrectomy. Assessment by 99mTc-MAG3-clearance. Nuklearmedizin 2005; 44:200-4. [PMID: 16395496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM We evaluated the long-term residual renal function after donor nephrectomy using 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycin (MAG3)-clearance. DONORS, METHODS Altogether 49 kidney donors were examined using 99mTc-MAG3-clearance after nephrectomy for donation to a relative (m:f = 11:38; age 55+/-27 years). The donors were examined 16+/-8 years postoperatively (1.5-26 years). 42 donors (86%) showed normal creatinine values, whereas the other seven (14%) exhibited slightly elevated levels. 20 donors were examined pre- and postoperatively and compared intraindividually. The kidney function was compared to the age adapted normal values of healthy persons with two kidneys (67-133% of age related mean). RESULTS After nephrectomy all donors showed a normal perfusion, good secretion, merely physiological intrarenal transit and a normal elimination from the kidneys. The 99mTc-MAG3-clearance was 69+/-15% of the normal mean value of healthy carriers of two kidneys regardless of the gender. 20 donors with a preoperative examination showed a significantly reduced total renal function from 84+/-15% of the mean normal value preoperatively to 60+/-15% postoperatively (p <0.0005). 15 donors of this group exhibited a significant functional increase of the residual kidney from 40% initially to 60% after nephrectomy (p = 0.003). No correlation was found between the initial-99mTc-MAG3-clearance measured prior to nephrectomy and the clearance levels after nephrectomy. Also, no correlation between the preoperative 99mTc-MAG3-clearance and the postoperative serum creatinine values could be observed. Altogether, 22% of the donors (11/49) developed arterial hypertension 10+/-8 years after donation (1-23 years). This corresponds to the normal age prevalence of hypertension in the carriers of two kidneys. Three donors suffered from arterial hypertension prior to the operation. CONCLUSION Kidney donors with normal or slightly elevated creatinine values postoperatively show a 99mTc-MAG3-clearance value of 69% of the mean value of healthy carriers of two kidneys. This may serve as a reference value for healthy carriers of one kidney. In our study we demonstrated a good compensation of the contralateral kidney via renal scintigraphy by means of 99mTc-MAG3-clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hamscho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of the J.W.G.-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Wilhelm A, Leister I, Sabandal P, Krause P, Becker H, Markus PM. Acute impairment of hepatic microcirculation and recruitment of nonparenchymal cells by intrasplenic hepatocyte transplantation. J Pediatr Surg 2004; 39:1214-9. [PMID: 15300530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Over the last 20 years, hepatocyte transplantation (HcTx) has advanced from the experimental to the clinical stage. To date, HcTx has been performed in 30 patients in the United States. Regardless whether hepatocytes are transplanted into the spleen and migrate to the liver or are injected directly into the portal vein, transplanted liver cells will, to some extent, congest the recipient liver microcirculation. The potential negative consequences of intrasplenic HcTx were the subject of this study. METHODS By using intravital microscopy, the authors investigated whether intrasplenic HcTx of 20 x 10(6) allogenic hepatocytes would influence liver perfusion, excretory liver function, and nonparenchymal cells (Kupffer and Ito cells) in vivo. RESULTS The sinusoidal perfusion rate declined significantly from 94% (control) to 84% on day 1 and 76% on day 7. Bile acid excretion decreased in a similar fashion from 0.924 mg/h (control) to 0.669 mg/h on day 7. The authors observed a significant increase of Ito cells from 81.1 cells per microscopic field (control) to 97.1 (day 1) and an increase of Kupffer cells (KC; 6.1 cells per microscopic field on day 1 v 3.8 on control). CONCLUSIONS This study shows an acute impairment of hepatic microcirculation and hepatucellular function along with an recruitment and activation of nonparenchymal cells in the early posttransplantation period after intrasplenic HcTx. Kupffer cell recruitment indicates an activation of local host defense, and Ito cell activation implies the initiation of liver repair mechanisms owing to ischemia-related cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Department of General Surgery, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
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Amara N, Ratsimba B, Wilhelm A, Delmas H. Growth rate of potash alum crystals: comparison of silent and ultrasonic conditions. Ultrason Sonochem 2004; 11:17-21. [PMID: 14624982 DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4177(03)00131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The influence of power ultrasound on the growth rate of potash alum was investigated. The experiments on growth of potash alum crystals were carried out in a stirred double jacket tank in silent conditions as well as in the presence of power ultrasound (20 kHz) at 32 degrees C, with different initial crystal sizes. It was observed that the mass growth rate of potash alum was faster under ultrasound compared to that under silent conditions. The shape was not modified by ultrasound but the size of crystals, which are grown under ultrasound, are smaller and with higher density compared to those grown under silent conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Amara
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs des Arts Chimiques et Technologiques, 118 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Ribeiro FM, Alves-Silva J, Volknandt W, Martins-Silva C, Mahmud H, Wilhelm A, Gomez MV, Rylett RJ, Ferguson SSG, Prado VF, Prado MAM. The hemicholinium-3 sensitive high affinity choline transporter is internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and is present in endosomes and synaptic vesicles. J Neurochem 2003; 87:136-46. [PMID: 12969261 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01974.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of acetylcholine depends on the plasma membrane uptake of choline by a high affinity choline transporter (CHT1). Choline uptake is regulated by nerve impulses and trafficking of an intracellular pool of CHT1 to the plasma membrane may be important for this regulation. We have generated a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tagged CHT1 to investigate the organelles involved with intracellular trafficking of this protein. Expression of CHT1-HA in HEK 293 cells establishes Na+-dependent, hemicholinium-3 sensitive high-affinity choline transport activity. Confocal microscopy reveals that CHT1-HA is found predominantly in intracellular organelles in three different cell lines. Importantly, CHT1-HA seems to be continuously cycling between the plasma membrane and endocytic organelles via a constitutive clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway. In a neuronal cell line, CHT1-HA colocalizes with the early endocytic marker green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Rab 5 and with two markers of synaptic-like vesicles, VAMP-myc and GFP-VAChT, suggesting that in cultured cells CHT1 is present mainly in organelles of endocytic origin. Subcellular fractionation and immunoisolation of organelles from rat brain indicate that CHT1 is present in synaptic vesicles. We propose that intracellular CHT1 can be recruited during stimulation to increase choline uptake in nerve terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica-Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Holtmann H, Enninga J, Kalble S, Thiefes A, Dorrie A, Broemer M, Winzen R, Wilhelm A, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matsumoto K, Resch K, Kracht M. The MAPK kinase kinase TAK1 plays a central role in coupling the interleukin-1 receptor to both transcriptional and RNA-targeted mechanisms of gene regulation. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:3508-16. [PMID: 11050078 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m004376200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of fulminant gene induction during an inflammatory response were investigated using expression of the chemoattractant cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) as a model. Recently we found that coordinate activation of NF-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) is required for strong IL-8 transcription, whereas the p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway stabilizes the IL-8 mRNA. It is unclear how these pathways are coupled to the receptor for IL-1, an important physiological inducer of IL-8. Expression of the MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) TAK1 together with its coactivator TAB1 in HeLa cells activated all three pathways and was sufficient to induce IL-8 formation, NF-kappaB + JNK2-mediated transcription from a minimal IL-8 promoter, and p38 MAPK-mediated stabilization of a reporter mRNA containing IL-8-derived regulatory mRNA sequences. Expression of a kinase-inactive mutant of TAK1 largely blocked IL-1-induced transcription and mRNA stabilization, as well as formation of endogenous IL-8. Truncated TAB1, lacking the TAK1 binding domain, or a TAK1-derived peptide containing a TAK1 autoinhibitory domain were also efficient in inhibition. These data indicate that the previously described three-pathway model of IL-8 induction is operative in response to a physiological stimulus, IL-1, and that the MAPKKK TAK1 couples the IL-1 receptor to both transcriptional and RNA-targeted mechanisms mediated by the three pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Holtmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
Meckel's diverticulitis is a rare disease. In addition to physical examination, abdominal ultrasound can help to pinpoint the diagnosis. By presenting a case report we would like to demonstrate the typical ultrasonographic findings in acute Meckel's diverticulitis and differentiate it from acute appendicitis. A 60-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Abdominal ultrasound was performed and a blind ending, liquid-filled segment of small bowel in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen found. This segment was not compressible, no peristalsis was evident, nor was there any anatomical association with the cecum. Locally we found free fluid and hints of inflamed mesenteric fatty tissue. A perforated Meckel's diverticulum was diagnosed and confirmed intraoperatively. The major ultrasonographic difference between an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum and acute appendicitis is its anatomical location. In contrast to the appendix there is no association with the cecum. A diameter of up to 40 mm and a well-defined wall of small bowel with 3 definite layers visible by ultrasound may help to distinguish between a Meckel's diverticulum and the appendix.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wilhelm
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
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