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Maurya A, Agrawal A. Recent Advancement in Bioactive Chalcone Hybrids as Potential Antimicrobial Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:176-195. [PMID: 37497710 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230727102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are flavonoid-related aromatic ketones and enones generated from plants. The chalcones have a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, calming, and antimicrobial activities. In the present review, we have focused on the recently published original research articles on chalcones as a unique antibacterial framework in medicinal chemistry. Chalcones are structurally diverse moieties and can be split into simple and hybrid chalcones, with both having core pharmacophore 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-one. Chalcones are isolated from natural sources and also synthesized by using various methods. Their structure-activity relationship, mechanisms, and list of patents are also summarized in this paper. This review article outlines the currently published antimicrobial chalcone hybrids and suggests that chalcone derivatives may be potential antimicrobial agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Maurya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Alka Agrawal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
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2
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Szymanski M, Maurya A, Kopec P, Karlowski WM. tRNA-Cys gene clusters exhibit high variability in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:623. [PMID: 38057711 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Although most of the genes encoding tRNAs in plants are dispersed throughout the genome, a fraction of them form tRNA gene clusters. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the smallest of tRNA clusters on chromosome 5 consists of four tRNA-Cys-GCA genes placed within repeating units of 0.4 kbp. A systematic analysis of the genomic sequences of syntenic regions from various ecotypes of A. thaliana showed that the general structure of the cluster, consisting of a tRNA-Cys pseudogene followed by repeating units containing tRNA-Cys genes, is well conserved. However, there is significant heterogeneity in the number of repeating units between different ecotypes. A unique feature of this cluster is the presence of putative transposable elements (Helitron). In addition, two further tRNA-Cys gene mini-clusters (gene pairs) in A. thaliana were identified. RNA-seq-based evaluation of expression of tRNA-Cys-GCA genes showed a positive signal for 11 out of 13 unique transcripts. An analysis of the conservation of the tRNA-Cys clusters from A. thaliana with the corresponding regions from four other Arabidopsis species suggests a sequence of events that led to the divergence of these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Szymanski
- Department of Computational Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Computational Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Kopec
- Department of Computational Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Karlowski
- Department of Computational Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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Chen K, Luo C, Zhao Y, Baudelet F, Maurya A, Thamizhavel A, Rößler UK, Makarov D, Radu F. Evidence of the Anomalous Fluctuating Magnetic State by Pressure-Driven 4f Valence Change in EuNiGe 3. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1000-1006. [PMID: 36693119 PMCID: PMC9900636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In rare-earth compounds with valence fluctuation, the proximity of the 4f level to the Fermi energy leads to instabilities of the charge configuration and the magnetic moment. Here, we provide direct experimental evidence for an induced magnetic polarization of the Eu3+ atomic shell with J = 0, due to intra-atomic exchange and spin-orbital coupling interactions with the Eu2+ atomic shell. By applying external pressure, a transition from antiferromagnetic to a fluctuating behavior in EuNiGe3 single crystals is probed. Magnetic polarization is observed for both valence states of Eu2+ and Eu3+ across the entire pressure range. The anomalous magnetism is discussed in terms of a homogeneous intermediate valence state where frustrated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya couplings are enhanced by the onset of spin-orbital interaction and engender a chiral spin-liquid-like precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Chen
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - C. Luo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Y. Zhao
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - F. Baudelet
- Synchrotron
SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP48, 91192 GIF-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. Maurya
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - A. Thamizhavel
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - U. K. Rößler
- Leibniz-Institut
für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e. V.
(IFW Dresden), 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - D. Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials
Research, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - F. Radu
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Singh AK, Maurya A, Mishra G, Awasthi R, Dua K, Kulkarni GT. Nanovaccine: A Hope to Triumph the Battle Against Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2023; 17:15-17. [PMID: 34303337 DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666210720130736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has caused the global emergence of coronavirus in humans during the last 12 months. Till May 11, 2021, the confirmed global COVID-19 cases and deaths reached 158551526 and 3296855, respectively. METHODS Goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose act as the initial infection site of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, mucus immunity is important to protect from infection. The outburst of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be halted only when an effective vaccine will be developed. RESULTS Globally, over 100 different vaccines are under investigation, including DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, recombinant/subunit protein vaccines, peptide vaccines, virus-like particles, etc. Inactivated virus vaccines and mRNA, and adenovirus-based vaccines have moved fast into patent clinical trials. CONCLUSION Vaccines containing spike protein of SARS-CoV as subunit could effectively prevent binding of coronavirus to the host cell and membrane fusion. Thus, spike protein can be used as a major target for subunit vaccine preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Via-Prem Nagar, Dehradun - 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad 500090, Telangana, India
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Maurya A, Szymanski M, Karlowski WM. ARA: a flexible pipeline for automated exploration of NCBI SRA datasets. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad067. [PMID: 37589306 PMCID: PMC10433097 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most effective and useful methods to explore the content of biological databases is searching with nucleotide or protein sequences as a query. However, especially in the case of nucleic acids, due to the large volume of data generated by the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, this approach is often not available. The hierarchical organization of the NGS records is primarily designed for browsing or text-based searches of the information provided in metadata-related keywords, limiting the efficiency of database exploration. FINDINGS We developed an automated pipeline that incorporates the well-established NGS data-processing tools and procedures to allow easy and effective sampling of the NCBI SRA database records. Given a file with query nucleotide sequences, our tool estimates the matching content of SRA accessions by probing only a user-defined fraction of a record's sequences. Based on the selected parameters, it allows performing a full mapping experiment with records that meet the required criteria. The pipeline is designed to be easy to operate-it offers a fully automatic setup procedure and is fixed on tested supporting tools. The modular design and implemented usage modes allow a user to scale up the analyses into complex computational infrastructure. CONCLUSIONS We present an easy-to-operate and automated tool that expands the way a user can access and explore the information contained within the records deposited in the NCBI SRA database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Maurya
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Szymanski
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Karlowski
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Lodha L, Mudliar SR, Singh J, Maurya A, Khurana AK, Khadanga S, Singh S. Diagnostic Performance of Multiplex PCR for Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and Its Utility in Smear Negative Specimens. J Lab Physicians 2022; 14:403-411. [PMID: 36531543 PMCID: PMC9750742 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The primary objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in presumptive pulmonary TB patients, in the setting of a tertiary level teaching hospital in central India, in comparison to liquid culture using BACTEC mycobacteria growth indicator tubes (MGIT) 960 TB system as the gold standard. The secondary objective was to assess the performance of mPCR for Ziehl Neelsen smear negative samples and ascertain the utility of this assay in smear negative samples. Materials and Methods Sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected from patients who were adults, aged 18 years or older, presenting with presumptive pulmonary TB, and subjected to three microbiological investigations, that is, Ziehl Neelsen staining, mycobacterial culture using mycobacterial growth indicator tubes in the BD BACTEC MGIT 960 instrument, and the mPCR. Statistical Analysis For statistical analysis, 2 × 2 contingency tables were prepared and analyzed separately for all samples and for smear-negative samples using GraphPad and MedCalc tools. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) of mPCR were calculated by taking MGIT culture as the reference standard. Results For all samples ( n = 114), sensitivity of mPCR for the detection of (MTBC) was 93.48% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82.10-98.63%), specificity was 95.59% (95% CI: 87.64-99.08%), positive predictive value (PPV) was 93.48% (95% CI: 82.54-97.75%), and NPV was 95.59% (95% CI: 87.87-98.48%). For smear negative samples ( n = 80), sensitivity was 80.00% (95% CI: 51.91-95.67%), specificity was 98.46% (95% CI: 91.72-99.96%), PPV was 92.31% (95% CI: 62.80-98.84%), and NPV was 95.52% (95% CI: 88.57-98.33%). Conclusion In this study, we were able to demonstrate the good performance characteristics of the mPCR for the detection of MTBC from clinical samples of patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis, with MGIT liquid culture as the reference standard. It may be concluded that mPCR can be considered equivalent to MGIT culture in terms of clinical decision making and yield of positivity, owing to the good sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MTBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonika Lodha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shivkumar Rashmi Mudliar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Alkesh Kumar Khurana
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sagar Khadanga
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Address for correspondence Sarman Singh, MBBS, MD All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Medical College BuildingAIIMS Bhopal Campus, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, 462020, Madhya PradeshIndia
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Maurya A, Stanley RJ, Lama N, Jagannathan S, Saeed D, Swinfard S, Hagerty JR, Stoecker WV. A deep learning approach to detect blood vessels in basal cell carcinoma. Skin Res Technol 2022; 28:571-576. [PMID: 35611797 PMCID: PMC9907638 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Blood vessels called telangiectasia are visible in skin lesions with the aid of dermoscopy. Telangiectasia are a pivotal identifying feature of basal cell carcinoma. These vessels appear thready, serpiginous, and may also appear arborizing, that is, wide vessels branch into successively thinner vessels. Due to these intricacies, their detection is not an easy task, neither with manual annotation nor with computerized techniques. In this study, we automate the segmentation of telangiectasia in dermoscopic images with a deep learning U-Net approach. METHODS We apply a combination of image processing techniques and a deep learning-based U-Net approach to detect telangiectasia in digital basal cell carcinoma skin cancer images. We compare loss functions and optimize the performance by using a combination loss function to manage class imbalance of skin versus vessel pixels. RESULTS We establish a baseline method for pixel-based telangiectasia detection in skin cancer lesion images. An analysis and comparison for human observer variability in annotation is also presented. CONCLUSION Our approach yields Jaccard score within the variation of human observers as it addresses a new aspect of the rapidly evolving field of deep learning: automatic identification of cancer-specific structures. Further application of DL techniques to detect dermoscopic structures and handle noisy labels is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maurya
- Missouri University of Science &Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - R J Stanley
- Missouri University of Science &Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - N Lama
- Missouri University of Science &Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | | | - D Saeed
- St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - S Swinfard
- Missouri University of Science &Technology, Rolla, Missouri
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Awasthi R, Singh AK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Dhiman N, Kharkwal H, Sharma B, Jha NK, Dureja H, Dua K, Andreoli Pinto TDJ, Kulkarni GT. Diagnosis and Clinical Aspects of Lung Cancer: A Special Emphasis on Drug Targeting to Cancer Cells Through Nanoparticles. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666220510133408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Availability of successful anticancer agents in the market is limited and the development process of a new drug molecule is slow and difficult. The currently available commercial formulations are not sufficient to produce desired therapeutic response within a specific time limit. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel nanocarrier based therapies to defeat the restrictions of existing therapeutics. Nanoparticles have been investigated as novel formulations but are often inefficient in practical applications. However, several unanswered questions and challenges in their clinical development, a better understanding on the influence on cancer biology, stability, and toxicity need to be explored. This review discusses different types of lung cancers, diagnostic approaches of lung cancer. The review also explored the drug targeting mechanisms to cancer cells through nanoparticles and multi-drug resistance associated challenges in lung cancer therapy. Various nanocarrier systems for safe and effective drug delivery to treat lung cancer have been discussed. This communication will be of high relevance to the biological, formulation, and translational scientists working on cancer biology and drug delivery
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neerupma Dhiman
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harsha Kharkwal
- Amity Institute of Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Rua Professor Lineu Prestes, 05508–000, Brazil
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Li DX, Shimizu Y, Nakamura A, Sato YJ, Maurya A, Homma Y, Honda F, Aoki D. Transition from spin glass to paramagnetism in the magnetic properties of PrAu 2Si 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:135805. [PMID: 35008084 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac49c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is unexpected that a spin-glass (SG) transition, which generally occurs only in systems with some form of disorder, was observed in the ThCr2Si2-type compound PrAu2Si2at a temperature of ∼3 K. This puzzling phenomenon was later explained based on a novel dynamic frustration model that does not involve static disorder. We present the results of re-verification of the reported SG behaviors by measuring the physical properties of three polycrystalline PrAu2Si2samples annealed under different conditions. Indeed, in the sample annealed at 827 °C for one week, a SG transition does occur at a temperature ofTf∼ 2.8 K as that reported previously in the literature. However, it is newly found that the SG effect is actually more pronounced in the as-cast sample, and almost completely disappears in the well-annealed (at 850 °C for four weeks) sample. The annealing effect observed in PrAu2Si2, that is, SG to paramagnetism transition is discussed by comparing with earlier results reported on the same system and other isomorphic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Li
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y Shimizu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y J Sato
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - A Maurya
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y Homma
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - F Honda
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
- Central Institute of Radioisotope Science and Safety, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - D Aoki
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
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Agarwal A, Singh P, Maurya A, Patel UK, Singh A, Nath G. Ciprofloxacin-Tethered 1,2,3-Triazole Conjugates: New Quinolone Family Compounds to Upgrade Our Antiquated Approach against Bacterial Infections. ACS Omega 2022; 7:2725-2736. [PMID: 35097270 PMCID: PMC8793084 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A newer ciprofloxacin series containing 1,2,3-triazole conjugates of ciprofloxacin was designed, synthesized, and well characterized using modern analytical techniques by reacting diversified anilines with ciprofloxacin obtained from ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. The newer conjugates were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against various strains, viz. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923), Enterococcus faecalis (clinical isolate), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC3594), Escherichia coli (ATCC25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853), Salmonella typhi (clinical isolate), Salmonella typhimurium (clinical isolate), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC19606), Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC7966), Plesiomonas shigelloides (ATCC14029), and Sphingo biumpaucimobilis (MTCC6362) in vitro. Interestingly, some of the conjugates showed superior antimicrobial activity as compared to the control drug ciprofloxacin. The three compounds 4i, 4j, and 4n showed strong activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 0.78 μM, while the compound 4g showed MIC 1.56 μM against S. typhi (clinical). The compound 4a showed good efficacy against S. aureus (ATCC25923) and S. typhi (clinical) with MIC 3.12 μM, while the compound 4b exhibited efficacy with MIC 3.12 μM against S. aureus (ATCC25923) and the control drug ciprofloxacin showed MIC 6.25 μM. Among all of the synthesized compounds, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4p, 4q, 4t, and 4u displayed less than 20% hemolysis, while the rest of the compounds showed hemolysis in the range of 21-48%. Moreover, the structure of compound 4b was also established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Agarwal
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP-221005, India
| | - Preeti Singh
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP-221005, India
| | - Upendra Kumar Patel
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP-221005, India
| | - Alka Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP-221005, India
| | - Gopal Nath
- Department
of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP-221005, India
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Maurya A, Patel UK, Yadav JK, Singh VP, Agarwal A. Challenges and Recent Advances of Novel Chemical Inhibitors in Medulloblastoma Therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2423:123-140. [PMID: 34978695 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1952-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a common term used for the juvenile malignant brain tumor, and its treatment is exciting due to different genetic origins, improper transportation of drug across the blood-brain barrier, and chemo-resistance with various side effects. Currently, medulloblastoma divided into four significant subsections (Wnt, Shh, Group 3, and Group 4) is based on their hereditary modulation and histopathological advancement. In this chapter, we tried to combine several novel chemical therapeutic agents active toward medulloblastoma therapy. All these compounds have potent activity to inhibit the medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Maurya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Upendra Kumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Virender Pratap Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alka Agarwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Anuradha S, Samaddar A, Maurya A, Hada V, Narula H, Shrimali T, Gupta N, Kumar P, Singh K, Nag VL. Analysis of Blood Culture Data Influences Future Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections: A 5-year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25:1258-1262. [PMID: 34866822 PMCID: PMC8608638 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood cultures are the most significant samples received in a microbiology laboratory. Good quality control of pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic stages can have a significant impact on patient outcomes. Here, we present the improvements brought about by reviewing blood culture data with clinicians at a tertiary care institute in India. Methods Four-year blood culture data (phase I—February 2014–February 2018) were shared with clinicians in the clinical grand round. Several take-home messages were discussed in a quiz format, and a number of holistic quality control measures were implemented at different levels. Based on observable changes in blood culture reports, another dataset was analyzed and compared in phase II (April 2018–April 2019). Results In phase II, the blood culture contamination rate improved from 6 to 2% along with four times reduction in ICU isolates and three times increased isolation of salmonellae and pneumococci. The development of resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems and piperacillin–tazobactam was reduced. Colistin resistance in ICU isolates hovered around 15%. Vaccine-preventable pneumococcal serotypes were predominant in the under-five age-group. Typhoidal salmonellae were more commonly isolated from adults with 50% showing sensitivity to pefloxacin and 97% to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole. Candida parapsilosis was the leading non-albicans Candida (NAC). Fluconazole resistance was observed in 50% of NAC. Conclusion Reviewing blood culture data with clinicians mutually helped us to improve the overall quality of blood culture reports. It had a major impact on epidemiological trends and thus, found to be superior to just sharing an antibiogram with the clinicians. How to cite this article Sharma A, Samaddar A, Maurya A, Hada V, Narula H, Shrimali T, et al. Analysis of Blood Culture Data Influences Future Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections: A 5-year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(11):1258–1262.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Anuradha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arghadip Samaddar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vivek Hada
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Himanshu Narula
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Twishi Shrimali
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- Department of Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prawin Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijaya Lakshmi Nag
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Singh AK, Rai SN, Maurya A, Mishra G, Awasthi R, Shakya A, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Vamanu E, Chaudhary SK, Singh MP. Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents in Management of Alzheimer's Disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:5578574. [PMID: 34211570 PMCID: PMC8208882 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5578574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since primitive times, herbs have been extensively used in conventional remedies for boosting cognitive impairment and age-associated memory loss. It is mentioned that medicinal plants have a variety of dynamic components, and they have become a prominent choice for synthetic medications for the care of cognitive and associated disorders. Herbal remedies have played a major role in the progression of medicine, and many advanced drugs have already been developed. Many studies have endorsed practicing herbal remedies with phytoconstituents, for healing Alzheimer's disease (AD). All the information in this article was collated from selected research papers from online scientific databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The aim of this article is to convey the potential of herbal remedies for the prospect management of Alzheimer's and related diseases. Herbal remedies may be useful in the discovery and advancement of drugs, thus extending new leads for neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. Nanocarriers play a significant role in delivering herbal medicaments to a specific target. Therefore, many drugs have been described for the management of age-linked complaints such as dementia, AD, and the like. Several phytochemicals are capable of managing AD, but their therapeutic claims are restricted due to their lower solubility and metabolism. These limitations of natural therapeutics can be overcome by using a targeted nanocarrier system. This article will provide the primitive remedies as well as the development of herbal remedies for AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshul Shakya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Assam 786004, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sushil Kumar Chaudhary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Mussoorie-Diversion Road, Makkawala, Dehradun 248 009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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Li DX, Shimizu Y, Nakamura A, Maurya A, Sato YJ, Homma Y, Honda F, Aoki D. Magnetic and transport properties of new ternary uranium-based germanide U 2Rh 3Ge 5. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:495804. [PMID: 33006326 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abb31a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new ternary uranium germanide U2Rh3Ge5 has been successfully synthesized and investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility χ(T, H), isothermal magnetization M(T, H), electrical resistivity ρ(T), and specific heat C(T, H) measurements. This compound is found to crystallize in the U2Co3Si5-type orthorhombic structure. The low-field χ(T) shows a clear peak at T N = 41.5 K corresponding to an antiferromagnetic transition. The M(H) curve measured up to 70 kOe exhibits an H-linear behavior at 2 K with very small induced magnetic moments, while it shows upward curvature with increasing temperature, implying the possible presence of a metamagnetic transition in high-field region above 70 kOe. As the temperature decreases, ρ(T) increases slowly at T > T N and decreases rapidly at T < T N, which can be understood based on a semiconductor-like narrow band gap model (or the c-f hybridization effect) and an antiferromagnetic spin-wave model, respectively. No evidence of heavy-fermion behavior or superconductivity transition is observed at temperatures as low as 0.4 K. The obtained experimental results are discussed by comparing with those reported for the isomorphic compound U2Ir3Si5 and the quasi-isomorphic compound U2Rh3Si5.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Li
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y Shimizu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - A Maurya
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y J Sato
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Y Homma
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - F Honda
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - D Aoki
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Oarai, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
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Singh AK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Kulkarni GT, Awasthi R. Biofabrication: An interesting tool to create in vitro model for COVID-19 drug targets. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110059. [PMID: 32758895 PMCID: PMC7320859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Singh AK, Bhushan B, Maurya A, Mishra G, Singh SK, Awasthi R. Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and neurodegenerative disorders. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13591. [PMID: 32412679 PMCID: PMC7261984 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
During the last few months, the whole humanity is experiencing largest and most severe sudden influx of COVID‐19 outbreak caused by the novel coronavirus (CoV) originated from Wuhan, China. According to the WHO reports, total 3 862 676 positive cases and 265 961 deaths have been recorded worldwide due to COVID‐19 infection as of May 9, 2020. CoVs are a large family of viruses (enveloped, single‐stranded RNA viruses), which includes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus (MERS‐CoV). New SARS CoV2 is the members of Betacoronavirus genus. These viruses cause infections in bats, camels and humans, and a few other associated species. Despite many neurologic complications associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, it is still unclear whether these symptoms results from direct neural injury or due to some other reason. Currently, it appears that most of the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 are nonspecific and secondary to the systemic illness. A single case of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy has been reported. SARS‐CoV‐2 associated Guillain‐Barré syndrome is an atypical case. Till today, no convincing evidence is available to confirm that the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus directly affects nerves system in humans. However, postinfection surveillance will be necessary to identify the possible post‐COVID‐19 neurologic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Dentistry, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh AK, Singh SK, Nandi MK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Rai A, Rai GK, Awasthi R, Sharma B, Kulkarni GT. Berberine: A Plant-derived Alkaloid with Therapeutic Potential to Combat Alzheimer's disease. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:154-170. [PMID: 31429696 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190820160053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (a protoberberine isoquinoline alkaloid) has shown promising pharmacological activities, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, cardioprotective, memory enhancement, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, antimicrobial, anti- HIV and cholesterol-lowering effects. It is used in the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. It has strong evidence to serve as a potent phytoconstituent in the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. It limits the extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. It has also lipid-glucose lowering ability, hence can be used as a protective agent in atherosclerosis and AD. However, more detailed investigations along with safety assessment of berberine are warranted to clarify its role in limiting various risk factors and AD-related pathologies. This review highlights the pharmacological basis to control oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and protective effect of berberine in AD, which will benefit to the biological scientists in understanding and exploring the new vistas of berberine in combating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manmath K Nandi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arati Rai
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Lucknow-226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopal K Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh AK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Awasthi R, Kumari K, Thakur A, Rai A, Rai GK, Sharma B, Kulkarni GT, Singh SK. Role of TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease and its Consequences on β- Amyloid, Tau and Neurofibrillary Tangles. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:1216-1229. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190903102822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is age-related neurodegenerative disorder recognized by a steadily
gradual cognitive decline that has devastating personal and socioeconomic implications. Recently, some
genetic factors for AD have been identified which attracted wide attention of researchers in different
areas of AD biology and possible new therapeutic targets. Alternative forms of triggering receptor expressed
on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) genes are examples of such risk factors, which contribute higher
risk for developing AD. Comprehending TREM2 function pledge to provide salient insight into how
neuroinflammation contributes to AD pathology. The dearth of microglial TREM2 shepherd to augmented
tau pathology is couple with frequent enhancement of activated neuronal stress kinases. The involvement
of TREM2 in the regulation of tau-associated innate immune response of the CNS has clearly
demonstrated through these findings. However, whether decrease level of TREM2 assists pathology of
tau through changed clearance and pathological escalation of tau or through direct contact between microglia
and neuron and any alternative possible mechanisms need to examine. This review briefly summarizes
distinct functional roles of TREM2 in AD pathology and highlights the TREM2 gene regulation.
We have also addressed the impact of TREM2 on β-amyloid plaques and tau pathology in Alzheimer’s
disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag K. Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida - 201303, India
| | - Komal Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences & Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Arati Rai
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Lucknow-226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopal Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi- 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida - 201303, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida - 201303, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh AK, Mishra SK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Awasthi R, Yadav MK, Atri N, Pandey PK, Singh SK. Inorganic clay nanocomposite system for improved cholinesterase inhibition and brain pharmacokinetics of donepezil. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 46:8-19. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1698594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Maurya A, Singh AK, Mishra G, Kumari K, Rai A, Sharma B, Kulkarni GT, Awasthi R. Strategic use of nanotechnology in drug targeting and its consequences on human health: A focused review. Interv Med Appl Sci 2019; 11:38-54. [PMID: 32148902 PMCID: PMC7044564 DOI: 10.1556/1646.11.2019.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the development of first lipid-based nanocarrier system, about 15% of the present pharmaceutical market uses nanomedicines to achieve medical benefits. Nanotechnology is an advanced area to meliorate the delivery of compounds for improved medical diagnosis and curing disease. Nanomedicines are gaining significant interest due to the ultra small size and large surface area to mass ratio. In this review, we discuss the potential of nanotechnology in delivering of active moieties for the disease therapy including their toxicity evidences. This communication will help the formulation scientists in understanding and exploring the new aspects of nanotechnology in the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Maurya
- Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Komal Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Arati Rai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
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Mishra NK, Mishra JK, Srivastava GN, Shah D, Rehman M, Latheef NA, Maurya A, Rajak BK. Should vitamin D be routinely checked for all chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients? Lung India 2019; 36:492-498. [PMID: 31670296 PMCID: PMC6852226 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_141_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to compare the vitamin D levels between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and healthy controls and to describe the correlation between vitamin D levels and lung functions. Methods: Fifty COPD patients (cases) and 30 healthy volunteers (controls) were recruited and their serum vitamin D level was measured together with lung function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]) by spirometry. vitamin D was categorized as ≤20 nmol/l: deficient, 21–50 nmol/l: inadequate, and ≥51 nmol/l as sufficient. Results: In this case–control cross-sectional study, lower vitamin D levels were associated with lower lung function in both cases as well as controls, the effect being more pronounced in cases. Mean FEV1 at vitamin D ≤20 nmol/l (0.98 ± 0.40 vs. controls 1.93 ± 0.24 with P = 0.006), mean FEV1 at vitamin D 21–50 nmol/l (1.55 ± 0.54 vs. 2.20 ± 0.31 with P = 0.000), and mean FEV1 at vitamin D ≥51 nmol/l (2.06 ± 0.54 vs. 2.20 ± 0.31 with P = 0.002). Moreover, the severity of predicted postbronchodilator FEV1% was also much lower among COPD cohort versus healthy volunteers (mean FEV1%: cases 47.88 ± 14.22 vs. controls 58.76 ± 15.05 with P = 0.002). Conclusions: Importantly, lung function in both the groups was affected by decreased vitamin D level; decrease in FEV1 was more pronounced among COPD patients compared to controls showing more expiratory airflow limitation. Vitamin D levels are associated with changes in lung function in cases of COPD as well as healthy controls. Larger studies to confirm the association in Indian context are required and routine assessment of vitamin D may be undertaken to obviate the effects of low vitmain D level on lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kumar Mishra
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jai Kishan Mishra
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G N Srivastava
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Shah
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Rehman
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N A Latheef
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Maurya
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupendar K Rajak
- Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pathare RS, Ansari AJ, Verma S, Maurya A, Maurya AK, Agnihotri VK, Sharon A, Pardasani RT, Sawant DM. Sequential Pd(0)/Fe(III) Catalyzed Azide–Isocyanide Coupling/Cyclization Reaction: One-Pot Synthesis of Aminotetrazoles. J Org Chem 2018; 83:9530-9537. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas S. Pathare
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arshad J. Ansari
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sarika Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand-835215, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Antim K. Maurya
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176061, India
| | - Vijai K. Agnihotri
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176061, India
| | - Ashoke Sharon
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand-835215, India
| | - Ram T. Pardasani
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Devesh M. Sawant
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
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23
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Abstract
Circular RNAs (cirRNAs) are long, noncoding endogenous RNA molecules and covalently closed continuous loop without 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tail which are largely concentrated in the nucleus. CirRNA regulates gene expression by modulating microRNAs and functions as potential biomarker. CirRNAs can translate in vivo to link between their expression and disease. They are resistant to RNA exonuclease and can convert to the linear RNA by microRNA which can then act as competitor to endogenous RNA. This chapter summarizes the evolutionary conservation and expression of cirRNAs, their identification, highlighting various computational approaches on cirRNA, and translation with a focus on the breakthroughs and the challenges in this new field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- NKBR College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- NKBR College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijaya Nag
- Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Anand Maurya
- Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Tapan Dhole
- Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
| | - Sunil Babu
- Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
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25
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Maurya A, Yadav RS, Yadav RV, Rai SB, Bahadur A. Enhanced green upconversion photoluminescence from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped CaZrO3 phosphor via Mg2+ doping. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports enhanced green upconversion photoluminescence from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped CaZrO3 phosphor via Mg2+ doping synthesized through a solid state reaction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Maurya
- Department of Physics
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005
- India
| | - R. S. Yadav
- Department of Physics
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005
- India
| | - R. V. Yadav
- Department of Physics
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005
- India
| | - S. B. Rai
- Department of Physics
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005
- India
| | - A. Bahadur
- Department of Physics
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221 005
- India
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26
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Abstract
Single crystals of EuNiGe3, crystallizing in the non-centrosymmetric BaNiSn3-type structure, were grown using In flux, enabling us to explore the anisotropic magnetic properties, which was not possible with previously reported polycrystalline samples. The EuNiGe3 single crystalline sample is found to order antiferromagnetically at 13.2 K, as revealed from the magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity and electrical resistivity data. The low temperature magnetization M (H) is distinctly different for the field parallel to the ab-plane and c-axis; the ab-plane magnetization varies almost linearly with the field before the occurrence of an induced ferromagnetic (FM) phase (spin-flip) at 6.2 Tesla. On the other hand M (H) along the c-axis is accompanied by two metamagnetic transitions followed by a spin-flip at 4.1 T. A model including anisotropic exchange and dipole-dipole interactions reproduces the main features of magnetization plots but falls short of full representation. (H,T) phase diagrams have been constructed for the field applied along the principal directions. From the (151)Eu Mössbauer spectra, we determine that the 13.2 K transition leads to an incommensurate antiferromagnetic (AFM) intermediate phase followed by a transition near 10.5 K to a commensurate AFM configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maurya
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, India
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Maurya A, Repka M, Cegu P, Narasimha Murthy S. Pre-treatment with chemical penetration enhancers in dermal/transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Salve PR, Maurya A, Kumbhare PS, Ramteke DS, Wate SR. Assessment of groundwater quality with respect to fluoride. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 81:289-293. [PMID: 18563282 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted in the summer season (April-May 2007). The fluoride concentration along with physico-chemical parameters in ground water samples was determined in various villages of Kadi tehsil at Mehsana district of Gujarat state (India), since in most of the villages it is the only source of drinking water. The fluoride concentrations in these villages varied from 0.94 to 2.81 mg/L (1.37+/-0.56) with highest fluoride level at Visalpur (2.08 mg/L) and lowest at Adaraj (0.91 mg/L). There was found a positive correlation of pH with fluoride and a negative relationship of fluoride with bicarbonate which is generally observed in deep ground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Salve
- Environmental Impact & Risk Assessment Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440 020, India.
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Salve PR, Maurya A, Wate SR, Devotta S. Chemical composition of major ions in rainwater. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 80:242-246. [PMID: 18196188 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the chemical composition of rainwater at Kabir nagar, Nari, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. The rainwater samples were collected on event basis during June-July-August-2006 and were analyzed for pH, major anions Cl, NO(3), SO(4)) and cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH4). The pH value varied from 6.0 to 7.3 (avg. 6.3 +/- 0.3) indicating alkaline nature of rainwater. The pH of the rainwater was found well above the reference pH (5.6), showing alkalinity during the monsoon season. The average and standard deviation of ionic composition was found to be 98.1 +/- 10.6 micro eql(-1). The total anions contribute 45.1% and cations 54.9%, respectively to rainwater. Neutralization factors (NF) followed a sequence of NF(Ca) > NF(Mg) > NF(NH4) with factors of 1.1, 0.38 and 0.15 indicating the crustal components are responsible for neutralization of anions. The average ratio of (NO(3) + Cl)/SO(4) observed as 1.1 indicates that nitric and hydrochloric acid influences the acidity of rainwater. The ratio of NH(4)/NO(3) and NH(4)/SO(4) was observed as 0.68 and 0.34 indicate that the possible compounds which may predominate in the atmosphere are NH(4)NO(3) and (NH(4))(2)SO(4). Ionic correlation was established to identify sources of origin. A good correlation was seen between Ca and Mg (r = 0.95); suggesting the common occurrence of these ions from crustal origin. Similarly, the acidic ions SO(4) and NO(3) correlated well (r = 0.60) indicating their origin from similar sources. Other relatively significant correlations were observed between Ca and SO4 (r = 0.92), Mg and SO(4) (r = 0.83), Ca and NO(3) (r = 0.09), Ca and Cl (r = 0.34) and Mg and Cl (r = 0.31), and Mg and NO(3) (r = 0.71). The observed rainwater ratio of Cl/Na (1.1) is closer to that of seawater ratio (1.16) indicates fractionation of sea-salt and modifications by non-marine constituents as the site is 834 km away from the sea coast. The nss-Ca contribution was observed as 95.7% suggesting their crustal origin whereas nss-Mg and nss-K shows their contribution as 87.9% and 83.2% indicating influence of soil sources. The nss-SO(4) contributed as 87.4% shows anthropogenic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Salve
- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, India.
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30
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Salve PR, Maurya A, Wate SR. Atmospheric dry deposition on leaves at an urban location. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 77:834-7. [PMID: 17219302 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-006-1219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P R Salve
- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, India
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31
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Salve PR, Maurya A, Sinha R, Gawane AG, Wate SR. Characterization and source identification of major inorganic ions in precipitation of Nagpur, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 77:305-11. [PMID: 16977534 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-006-1064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P R Salve
- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, India
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