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Takano KA, Wong AAL, Brown R, Situ K, Chua BA, Abu AE, Pham TT, Reyes GC, Ramachandran S, Kamata M, Li MMH, Wu TT, Rao DS, Arumugaswami V, Dorshkind K, Cole S, Morizono K. Envelope protein-specific B cell receptors direct lentiviral vector tropism in vivo. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00143-6. [PMID: 38449314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
While studying transgene expression after systemic administration of lentiviral vectors, we found that splenic B cells are robustly transduced, regardless of the types of pseudotyped envelope proteins. However, the administration of two different pseudotypes resulted in transduction of two distinct B cell populations, suggesting that each pseudotype uses unique and specific receptors for its attachment and entry into splenic B cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the transduced cells demonstrated that different pseudotypes transduce distinct B cell subpopulations characterized by specific B cell receptor (BCR) genotypes. Functional analysis of the BCRs of the transduced cells demonstrated that BCRs specific to the pseudotyping envelope proteins mediate viral entry, enabling the vectors to selectively transduce the B cell populations that are capable of producing antibodies specific to their envelope proteins. Lentiviral vector entry via the BCR activated the transduced B cells and induced proliferation and differentiation into mature effectors, such as memory B and plasma cells. BCR-mediated viral entry into clonally specific B cell subpopulations raises new concepts for understanding the biodistribution of transgene expression after systemic administration of lentiviral vectors and offers new opportunities for BCR-targeted gene delivery by pseudotyped lentiviral vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari-Ann Takano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anita A L Wong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rebecca Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kathy Situ
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bernadette Anne Chua
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Angel Elma Abu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Truc T Pham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Glania Carel Reyes
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sangeetha Ramachandran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Masakazu Kamata
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Melody M H Li
- UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kenneth Dorshkind
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steve Cole
- Departments of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences and Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kouki Morizono
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Garcia G, Chakravarty N, Abu AE, Jeyachandran AV, Takano KA, Brown R, Morizono K, Arumugaswami V. Replication-Deficient Zika Vector-Based Vaccine Provides Maternal and Fetal Protection in Mouse Model. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0113722. [PMID: 36169338 PMCID: PMC9602260 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01137-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne human pathogen, causes dire congenital brain developmental abnormalities in children of infected mothers. The global health crisis precipitated by this virus has led to a concerted effort to develop effective therapies and prophylactic measures although, unfortunately, not very successfully. The error-prone nature of RNA viral genome replication tends to promote evolution of novel viral strains, which could cause epidemics and pandemics. As such, our objective was to develop a safe and effective replication-deficient ZIKV vector-based vaccine candidate. We approached this by generating a ZIKV vector containing only the nonstructural (NS) 5'-untranslated (UTR)-NS-3' UTR sequences, with the structural proteins capsid (C), precursor membrane (prM), and envelope (E) (CprME) used as a packaging system. We efficiently packaged replication-deficient Zika vaccine particles in human producer cells and verified antigen expression in vitro. In vivo studies showed that, after inoculation in neonatal mice, the Zika vaccine candidate (ZVAX) was safe and did not produce any replication-competent revertant viruses. Immunization of adult, nonpregnant mice showed that ZVAX protected mice from lethal challenge by limiting viral replication. We then evaluated the safety and efficacy of ZVAX in pregnant mice, where it was shown to provide efficient maternal and fetal protection against Zika disease. Mass cytometry analysis showed that vaccinated pregnant animals had high levels of splenic CD8+ T cells and effector memory T cell responses with reduced proinflammatory cell responses, suggesting that endogenous expression of NS proteins by ZVAX induced cellular immunity against ZIKV NS proteins. We also investigated humoral immunity against ZIKV, which is potentially induced by viral proteins present in ZVAX virions. We found no significant difference in neutralizing antibody titer in vaccinated or unvaccinated challenged animals; therefore, it is likely that cellular immunity plays a major role in ZVAX-mediated protection against ZIKV infection. In conclusion, we demonstrated ZVAX as an effective inducer of protective immunity against ZIKV, which can be further evaluated for potential prophylactic application in humans. IMPORTANCE This research is important as it strives to address the critical need for effective prophylactic measures against the outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) and outlines an important vaccine technology that could potentially be used to induce immune responses against other pandemic-potential viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Angel Elma Abu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kari-Ann Takano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Brown
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kouki Morizono
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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