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Correia J, Debrot A, Garthus-Niegel S. Integrating positive psychology perspectives to support parents in their transition to parenthood: a vision for future research. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023:1-3. [PMID: 37288739 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2212576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Correia
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anik Debrot
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute and Policlinic of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität, Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine (ISM) and Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Childhood and Families, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Zoppolat G, Righetti F, Balzarini RN, Alonso-Ferres M, Urganci B, Rodrigues DL, Debrot A, Wiwattanapantuwong J, Dharma C, Chi P, Karremans JC, Schoebi D, Slatcher RB. Relationship difficulties and "technoference" during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Soc Pers Relat 2022; 39:3204-3227. [PMID: 36349312 PMCID: PMC9630926 DOI: 10.1177/02654075221093611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has touched many aspects of people's lives around the world, including their romantic relationships. While media outlets have reported that the pandemic is difficult for couples, empirical evidence is needed to test these claims and understand why this may be. In two highly powered studies (N = 3271) using repeated measure and longitudinal approaches, we found that people who experienced COVID-19 related challenges (i.e., lockdown, reduced face-to-face interactions, boredom, or worry) also reported greater self and partner phone use (Study 1) and time spent on social media (Study 2), and subsequently experienced more conflict and less satisfaction in their romantic relationship. The findings provide insight into the struggles people faced in their relationships during the pandemic and suggest that the increase in screen time - a rising phenomenon due to the migration of many parts of life online - may be a challenge for couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zoppolat
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Giulia Zoppolat, Department of Experimental
and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat 7,
Amsterdam, Noord-Holland 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anik Debrot
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Balzarini RN, Muise A, Zoppolat G, Di Bartolomeo A, Rodrigues DL, Alonso-Ferres M, Urganci B, Debrot A, Bock Pichayayothin N, Dharma C, Chi P, Karremans JC, Schoebi D, Slatcher RB. Love in the Time of COVID: Perceived Partner Responsiveness Buffers People From Lower Relationship Quality Associated With COVID-Related Stressors. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506221094437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
External stressors can erode relationship quality, though little is known about what can mitigate these effects. We examined whether COVID-related stressors were associated with lower relationship quality, and whether perceived partner responsiveness—the extent to which people believe their partner understands, validates, and cares for them—buffers these effects. When people in relationships reported more COVID-related stressors they reported poorer relationship quality at the onset of the pandemic ( N = 3,593 from 57 countries) and over the subsequent 3 months ( N = 1,125). At the onset of the pandemic, most associations were buffered by perceived partner responsiveness, such that people who perceived their partners to be low in responsiveness reported poorer relationship quality when they experienced COVID-related stressors, but these associations were reduced among people who perceived their partners to be highly responsive. In some cases, these associations were buffered over the ensuing weeks of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda N. Balzarini
- Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States
- The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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Debrot A, Kheyar M, Efinger L, Berthoud L, Pomini V. Supporting People having Lost a Close Person by Bereavement or Separation: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Two French-Language Internet Interventions (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e39026. [PMID: 35737454 PMCID: PMC9264124 DOI: 10.2196/39026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internet-based interventions (IBIs) are as efficient as face-to-face psychotherapy for a variety of mental health disorders, including complicated grief. Most evidence stems from guided IBIs. However, recent research indicates that the benefit of guidance is lower in more interactive IBIs. As such, providing guidance only to people requiring it (guidance on demand) appears a cost-effective solution. This is particularly important to develop given the recent rise in grief symptoms in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents the protocol of a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and adherence rate of 2 IBIs for grief-related symptoms after the loss a close one following death or romantic separation, using a guidance on demand framework. LIVIA 2.0 was developed based on theoretical and empirical findings on grief processes and IBIs, and it will be compared to LIVIA 1 that has already demonstrated its efficacy. Objective Our main hypotheses are that LIVIA 1 (control condition) and LIVIA 2.0 (experimental condition) increase participants’ well-being and decrease their distress at posttest and at follow-up, that LIVIA 2.0 is more efficient than LIVIA 1 for all outcomes, and that LIVIA 2.0 has less dropouts than LIVIA 1. Methods Outcomes will be assessed at pretest, posttest (12 weeks later), and follow-up (24 weeks later). We will recruit 234 participants through a variety of means, including social media and contacts with the press. Primary outcomes are grief symptoms, depressive symptoms, and eudemonic well-being. Secondary outcomes are anxiety symptoms, grief coping strategies, aspects related to self-identity reorganization, and program satisfaction. LIVIA 2.0 participants will additionally undergo a weekly mood and grief symptom monitoring, allowing us to explore the short-term efficacy of the sessions. Results The creation and development of the content of LIVIA 2.0 was completed during the first phase of the project. Participant recruitment will begin in May 2022 and will last until January 2023. Conclusions This study will emphasize the relevance of the innovations included in LIVIA 2.0 regarding the efficacy and dropout rate of IBIs for grief symptoms and will allow investigations on how these changes impact the demand for guidance. In the current postpandemic times, developing and assessing IBIs targeting grief symptoms are particularly critical given the rise in grief-related symptoms. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT05219760; https://tinyurl.com/3dzztjts International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/39026
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Debrot
- Cognitive and Affective Regulation Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maya Kheyar
- Cognitive and Affective Regulation Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Efinger
- Cognitive and Affective Regulation Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Berthoud
- Cognitive and Affective Regulation Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentino Pomini
- Cognitive and Affective Regulation Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Debrot A, Berthoud L, Caspar F, Berger T, Pomini V. Tailoring Guidance in Internet-Based Interventions With Motive-Oriented Therapeutic Relationship. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:842487. [PMID: 35419558 PMCID: PMC8995493 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.842487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anik Debrot
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Anik Debrot
| | - Laurent Berthoud
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franz Caspar
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valentino Pomini
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Efinger L, Debrot A, Pomini V. LIVIA-FR : Implémentation et évaluation d'une intervention par Internet pour des personnes francophones peinant à surmonter la perte de leur partenaire. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Berthoud L, Efinger L, Kheyar M, Pomini V, Debrot A. Hope May Come From Internet in Times of COVID-19: Building an Online Programme for Grief (LIVIA). Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:626831. [PMID: 33767639 PMCID: PMC7985089 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.626831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Berthoud
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Efinger
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maya Kheyar
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentino Pomini
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anik Debrot
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Debrot A, Stellar JE, MacDonald G, Keltner D, Impett EA. Is Touch in Romantic Relationships Universally Beneficial for Psychological Well-Being? The Role of Attachment Avoidance. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2020; 47:1495-1509. [PMID: 33283658 DOI: 10.1177/0146167220977709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Affectionate touch is crucial for well-being. However, attachment avoidance is associated with negative attitudes toward touch. We tested two preregistered hypotheses about how attachment avoidance influences the association between touch in romantic couples and psychological well-being. We examined whether greater attachment avoidance is associated with a reduced link between touch and well-being, and/or whether reduced touch mediates the relationship between attachment avoidance and lower well-being. Across three studies, including two dyadic ones, we measured retrospective self-reports (Studies 1 and 2), laboratory observations (Study 2), and daily experiences (Study 3) of touch. Touch and well-being were positively associated, and attachment avoidance was associated with lower well-being and less frequent touch. Touch was associated with greater well-being regardless of level of attachment avoidance, and less frequent touch mediated the negative association between attachment avoidance and well-being in most analyses. This underscores the importance of touch, even for those valuing distance and autonomy.
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Muise A, Kim JJ, Debrot A, Impett EA, MacDonald G. Sexual Nostalgia as a Response to Unmet Sexual and Relational Needs: The Role of Attachment Avoidance. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2020; 46:1538-1552. [PMID: 32172674 DOI: 10.1177/0146167220907468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Romantic relationships help people meet needs for connection and emotional and sexual fulfillment. In the current research, we investigate an unexplored response to feeling sexually and relationally unfulfilled: reflecting on positive sexual experiences with past partners (or sexual nostalgia). Across three studies, people low in attachment avoidance (i.e., comfortable with closeness) who were (a) single or (b) sexually or relationally dissatisfied reported greater sexual nostalgia, whereas people high in attachment avoidance (i.e., value autonomy) did not calibrate their feelings of sexual nostalgia based on their current relationship status or satisfaction. Sexual fantasies about past partners (i.e., sexual nostalgia) were distinct from other types of sexual fantasies (Study 1) and the effects could not be attributed to general nostalgia (Study 2) or sexual desire (Study 3). Chronic sexual nostalgia detracted from satisfaction over time. The findings have implications for theories of nostalgia and attachment and for managing unfulfilled needs in relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Muise
- York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Park Y, Debrot A, Spielmann SS, Joel S, Impett E, MacDonald G. Distinguishing Dismissing From Fearful Attachment in the Association Between Closeness and Commitment. Social Psychological and Personality Science 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550618768823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
When avoidantly attached individuals are simultaneously high in attachment anxiety, they are inclined to experience strong internal conflicts between seeking and avoiding closeness. This research examined whether the extent to which closeness, assessed as the inclusion of other in the self (IOS), is associated with greater commitment varies within individuals high in attachment avoidance as a result of differences in ambivalence toward maintaining the relationship. In two studies ( N1 = 1,604, N2 = 2,271), we found that the positive association between IOS and commitment was significantly weaker when attachment avoidance was combined with high (vs. low) attachment anxiety. In Study 2, we found lingering relational ambivalence even at high levels of IOS among individuals simultaneously high in attachment avoidance and anxiety, which in turn was related to relatively low commitment. Our findings highlight the role of relational ambivalence in avoidants’ relationship functioning and the need to examine the interplay of the two attachment dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoobin Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anik Debrot
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Emily Impett
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoff MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Debrot A, Meuwly N, Muise A, Impett EA, Schoebi D. More Than Just Sex: Affection Mediates the Association Between Sexual Activity and Well-Being. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2017; 43:287-299. [PMID: 28903688 DOI: 10.1177/0146167216684124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Positive interpersonal interactions such as affection are central to well-being. Sex is associated with greater individual well-being, but little is known about why this occurs. We predicted that experienced affection would account for the association between sex and well-being. Cross-sectional results indicated that affection mediated the association between sex and both life satisfaction (Study 1) and positive emotions (however, among men only in Study 2). In Study 3, an experience sampling study with 106 dual-earner couples with children, affection mediated the association between sex and increased positive affect in daily life. Cross-lagged analyses in Study 3 to 4 supported the predicted direction of the associations. Moreover, the strength of the daily association between sex and positive affect predicted both partners' relationship satisfaction 6 months later. Our findings underscore the importance of affection and positive affect for understanding how sex promotes well-being and has long-term relational benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Debrot
- 1 University of Fribourg, Switzerland.,2 University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Amy Muise
- 2 University of Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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Debrot A, Schoebi D, Perrez M, Horn AB. Stroking your Beloved One's White Bear: Responsive Touch by the Romantic Partner Buffers the Negative Effect of Thought Suppression on Daily Mood. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 2014. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2014.33.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Debrot A, Schoebi D, Perrez M, Horn AB. Touch as an interpersonal emotion regulation process in couples' daily lives: the mediating role of psychological intimacy. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2013; 39:1373-85. [PMID: 23885034 DOI: 10.1177/0146167213497592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Interpersonal touch seems to promote physical health through its effects on stress-sensitive parameters. However, less is known about the psychological effects of touch. The present study investigates associations between touch and romantic partners' affective state in daily life. We hypothesized that this association is established by promoting the recipient's experience of intimacy. Both partners of 102 dating couples completed an electronic diary 4 times a day during 1 week. Multilevel analyses revealed that touch was associated with enhanced affect in the partner. This association was mediated by the partner's psychological intimacy. Touch was also associated with intimacy and positive affect in the actor. Finally, participants who were touched more often during the diary study week reported better psychological well-being 6 months later. This study provides evidence that intimate partners benefit from touch on a psychological level, conveying a sense of strengthened bonds between them that enhances affect and well-being.
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Abstract
Perceived responsiveness is a fundamental ingredient of satisfying romantic relationships, especially insofar as it facilitates the development of intimacy. This study investigates how partner's concrete responsive acts-named here enacted responsiveness-affect the perception of responsiveness in the daily life of dating couples. Additionally, the subsequent association of perceived partner responsiveness with intimacy was examined. Data from both partners in 102 young heterosexual couples were gathered simultaneously 4 times a day over one week. Multilevel analysis within the framework of the actor-partner interdependence mediation model showed that perception of responsiveness is predicted by partner's enacted responsiveness. However, own enacted responsiveness also predicts own perception of responsiveness in the partner, suggesting a projection process. Perception of responsiveness, in turn, predicts not only own but also partner's feelings of intimacy, demonstrating an intimacy enhancing effect of being perceived as a responsive partner. Mediation analysis showed that perception of responsiveness mediates the effects of both own and partner's enacted responsiveness on intimacy. It can be concluded that the development of intimacy in the daily life of romantic couples is truly an interactive process that ought to be investigated from a dyadic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik Debrot
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Debrot A. Buchbesprechung. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie 2011. [DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
The eruption age of the permanent canine, first premolar, and second premolar were compared between two groups of children using cross-sectional data. Two eruption ages were determined for each of the tooth types and both ages were compared between the two groups. This approach is presented as a means of negating the influence of differences in the time interval for a tooth type on eruption age differences between groups.
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Abstract
In a sample of 4,330 Negro elementary school children, the time interval between the eruption of homologous teeth within the same arch was investigated for the permanent canine, first premolar, and second premolar, using cross-sectional data. Two eruption ages were determined for each tooth type, and the difference was used to represent the time interval.
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