1
|
Winkler TW, Rasheed H, Teumer A, Gorski M, Rowan BX, Stanzick KJ, Thomas LF, Tin A, Hoppmann A, Chu AY, Tayo B, Thio CHL, Cusi D, Chai JF, Sieber KB, Horn K, Li M, Scholz M, Cocca M, Wuttke M, van der Most PJ, Yang Q, Ghasemi S, Nutile T, Li Y, Pontali G, Günther F, Dehghan A, Correa A, Parsa A, Feresin A, de Vries APJ, Zonderman AB, Smith AV, Oldehinkel AJ, De Grandi A, Rosenkranz AR, Franke A, Teren A, Metspalu A, Hicks AA, Morris AP, Tönjes A, Morgan A, Podgornaia AI, Peters A, Körner A, Mahajan A, Campbell A, Freedman BI, Spedicati B, Ponte B, Schöttker B, Brumpton B, Banas B, Krämer BK, Jung B, Åsvold BO, Smith BH, Ning B, Penninx BWJH, Vanderwerff BR, Psaty BM, Kammerer CM, Langefeld CD, Hayward C, Spracklen CN, Robinson-Cohen C, Hartman CA, Lindgren CM, Wang C, Sabanayagam C, Heng CK, Lanzani C, Khor CC, Cheng CY, Fuchsberger C, Gieger C, Shaffer CM, Schulz CA, Willer CJ, Chasman DI, Gudbjartsson DF, Ruggiero D, Toniolo D, Czamara D, Porteous DJ, Waterworth DM, Mascalzoni D, Mook-Kanamori DO, Reilly DF, Daw EW, Hofer E, Boerwinkle E, Salvi E, Bottinger EP, Tai ES, Catamo E, Rizzi F, Guo F, Rivadeneira F, Guilianini F, Sveinbjornsson G, Ehret G, Waeber G, Biino G, Girotto G, Pistis G, Nadkarni GN, Delgado GE, Montgomery GW, Snieder H, Campbell H, White HD, Gao H, Stringham HM, Schmidt H, Li H, Brenner H, Holm H, Kirsten H, Kramer H, Rudan I, Nolte IM, Tzoulaki I, Olafsson I, Martins J, Cook JP, Wilson JF, Halbritter J, Felix JF, Divers J, Kooner JS, Lee JJM, O'Connell J, Rotter JI, Liu J, Xu J, Thiery J, Ärnlöv J, Kuusisto J, Jakobsdottir J, Tremblay J, Chambers JC, Whitfield JB, Gaziano JM, Marten J, Coresh J, Jonas JB, Mychaleckyj JC, Christensen K, Eckardt KU, Mohlke KL, Endlich K, Dittrich K, Ryan KA, Rice KM, Taylor KD, Ho K, Nikus K, Matsuda K, Strauch K, Miliku K, Hveem K, Lind L, Wallentin L, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Raffield LM, Phillips LS, Launer LJ, Lyytikäinen LP, Lange LA, Citterio L, Klaric L, Ikram MA, Ising M, Kleber ME, Francescatto M, Concas MP, Ciullo M, Piratsu M, Orho-Melander M, Laakso M, Loeffler M, Perola M, de Borst MH, Gögele M, Bianca ML, Lukas MA, Feitosa MF, Biggs ML, Wojczynski MK, Kavousi M, Kanai M, Akiyama M, Yasuda M, Nauck M, Waldenberger M, Chee ML, Chee ML, Boehnke M, Preuss MH, Stumvoll M, Province MA, Evans MK, O'Donoghue ML, Kubo M, Kähönen M, Kastarinen M, Nalls MA, Kuokkanen M, Ghanbari M, Bochud M, Josyula NS, Martin NG, Tan NYQ, Palmer ND, Pirastu N, Schupf N, Verweij N, Hutri-Kähönen N, Mononen N, Bansal N, Devuyst O, Melander O, Raitakari OT, Polasek O, Manunta P, Gasparini P, Mishra PP, Sulem P, Magnusson PKE, Elliott P, Ridker PM, Hamet P, Svensson PO, Joshi PK, Kovacs P, Pramstaller PP, Rossing P, Vollenweider P, van der Harst P, Dorajoo R, Sim RZH, Burkhardt R, Tao R, Noordam R, Mägi R, Schmidt R, de Mutsert R, Rueedi R, van Dam RM, Carroll RJ, Gansevoort RT, Loos RJF, Felicita SC, Sedaghat S, Padmanabhan S, Freitag-Wolf S, Pendergrass SA, Graham SE, Gordon SD, Hwang SJ, Kerr SM, Vaccargiu S, Patil SB, Hallan S, Bakker SJL, Lim SC, Lucae S, Vogelezang S, Bergmann S, Corre T, Ahluwalia TS, Lehtimäki T, Boutin TS, Meitinger T, Wong TY, Bergler T, Rabelink TJ, Esko T, Haller T, Thorsteinsdottir U, Völker U, Foo VHX, Salomaa V, Vitart V, Giedraitis V, Gudnason V, Jaddoe VWV, Huang W, Zhang W, Wei WB, Kiess W, März W, Koenig W, Lieb W, Gao X, Sim X, Wang YX, Friedlander Y, Tham YC, Kamatani Y, Okada Y, Milaneschi Y, Yu Z, Stark KJ, Stefansson K, Böger CA, Hung AM, Kronenberg F, Köttgen A, Pattaro C, Heid IM. Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Commun Biol 2022; 5:580. [PMID: 35697829 PMCID: PMC9192715 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Humaira Rasheed
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Division of Medicine and Laboratory Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bryce X Rowan
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kira J Stanzick
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Bamidele Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Giulia Pontali
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
- University of Trento, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, Trento, Italy
| | - Felix Günther
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab, Department of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Agnese Feresin
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alexander R Rosenkranz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Morgan
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Beatrice Spedicati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Belen Ponte
- Service de Néphrologie et Hypertension, Medicine Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 7600, Norway
| | - Bernhard Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology, Pneumology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brett R Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Cassianne Robinson-Cohen
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease and Integrated Program for Acute Kidney Injury Research, and Vanderbilt Precision Nephrology Program Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiara Lanzani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Iceland School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - David J Porteous
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
- Centre for Research Ethics & Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke - NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - Feng Guo
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franco Guilianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - He Gao
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Research Unit Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hengtong Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Holgen Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jade Martins
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jan Halbritter
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine F Felix
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institutefor Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Jakobsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- The Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John C Chambers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John M Gaziano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Instituteof Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
- Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Intensive Care Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institutefor Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kozeta Miliku
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lawrence S Phillips
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lorena Citterio
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucija Klaric
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Mario Piratsu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Perola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- TIMI Study Group, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Mikko Kuokkanen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute and Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Health, 100 N. Academy Ave., Danville, PA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Tampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Ilica 242, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London, London, UK
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Per O Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ralene Z H Sim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Center for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Shona M Kerr
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Snehal B Patil
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stein Hallan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nephrology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Su-Chi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Suzanne Vogelezang
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tobias Bergler
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Xin Gao
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Osaka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus J Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease and Integrated Program for Acute Kidney Injury Research, and Vanderbilt Precision Nephrology Program Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chai JF, Kao SL, Wang C, Lim VJY, Khor IW, Dou J, Podgornaia AI, Chothani S, Cheng CY, Sabanayagam C, Wong TY, van Dam RM, Liu J, Reilly DF, Paterson AD, Sim X. Genome-Wide Association for HbA1c in Malay Identified Deletion on SLC4A1 that Influences HbA1c Independent of Glycemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5906591. [PMID: 32936915 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level is used to screen and diagnose diabetes. Genetic determinants of HbA1c can vary across populations and many of the genetic variants influencing HbA1c level were specific to populations. OBJECTIVE To discover genetic variants associated with HbA1c level in nondiabetic Malay individuals. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis for HbA1c using 2 Malay studies, the Singapore Malay Eye Study (SiMES, N = 1721 on GWAS array) and the Living Biobank study (N = 983 on GWAS array and whole-exome sequenced). We built a Malay-specific reference panel to impute ethnic-specific variants and validate the associations with HbA1c at ethnic-specific variants. RESULTS Meta-analysis of the 1000 Genomes imputed array data identified 4 loci at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8). Of the 4 loci, 3 (ADAM15, LINC02226, JUP) were novel for HbA1c associations. At the previously reported HbA1c locus ATXN7L3-G6PC3, association analysis using the exome data fine-mapped the HbA1c associations to a 27-bp deletion (rs769664228) at SLC4A1 that reduced HbA1c by 0.38 ± 0.06% (P = 3.5 × 10-10). Further imputation of this variant in SiMES confirmed the association with HbA1c at SLC4A1. We also showed that these genetic variants influence HbA1c level independent of glucose level. CONCLUSION We identified a deletion at SLC4A1 associated with HbA1c in Malay. The nonglycemic lowering of HbA1c at rs769664228 might cause individuals carrying this variant to be underdiagnosed for diabetes or prediabetes when HbA1c is used as the only diagnostic test for diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shih-Ling Kao
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Victor Jun-Yu Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ing Wei Khor
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinzhuang Dou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Sonia Chothani
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, New Jersey
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Teumer A, Li Y, Ghasemi S, Prins BP, Wuttke M, Hermle T, Giri A, Sieber KB, Qiu C, Kirsten H, Tin A, Chu AY, Bansal N, Feitosa MF, Wang L, Chai JF, Cocca M, Fuchsberger C, Gorski M, Hoppmann A, Horn K, Li M, Marten J, Noce D, Nutile T, Sedaghat S, Sveinbjornsson G, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Xu Y, Yu Z, Gerstner L, Ärnlöv J, Bakker SJL, Baptista D, Biggs ML, Boerwinkle E, Brenner H, Burkhardt R, Carroll RJ, Chee ML, Chee ML, Chen M, Cheng CY, Cook JP, Coresh J, Corre T, Danesh J, de Borst MH, De Grandi A, de Mutsert R, de Vries APJ, Degenhardt F, Dittrich K, Divers J, Eckardt KU, Ehret G, Endlich K, Felix JF, Franco OH, Franke A, Freedman BI, Freitag-Wolf S, Gansevoort RT, Giedraitis V, Gögele M, Grundner-Culemann F, Gudbjartsson DF, Gudnason V, Hamet P, Harris TB, Hicks AA, Holm H, Foo VHX, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Ingelsson E, Jaddoe VWV, Jakobsdottir J, Josyula NS, Jung B, Kähönen M, Khor CC, Kiess W, Koenig W, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kramer H, Krämer BK, Kronenberg F, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lee JJM, Lehtimäki T, Lieb W, Lim SC, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu J, Loeffler M, Lyytikäinen LP, Mahajan A, Maranville JC, Mascalzoni D, McMullen B, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Miliku K, Mook-Kanamori DO, Müller-Nurasyid M, Mychaleckyj JC, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Noordam R, Connell JO, Olafsson I, Palmer ND, Peters A, Podgornaia AI, Ponte B, Poulain T, Pramstaller PP, Rabelink TJ, Raffield LM, Reilly DF, Rettig R, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Rivadeneira F, Runz H, Ryan KA, Sabanayagam C, Saum KU, Schöttker B, Shaffer CM, Shi Y, Smith AV, Strauch K, Stumvoll M, Sun BB, Szymczak S, Tai ES, Tan NYQ, Taylor KD, Teren A, Tham YC, Thiery J, Thio CHL, Thomsen H, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tönjes A, Tremblay J, Uitterlinden AG, van der Harst P, Verweij N, Vogelezang S, Völker U, Waldenberger M, Wang C, Wilson OD, Wong C, Wong TY, Yang Q, Yasuda M, Akilesh S, Bochud M, Böger CA, Devuyst O, Edwards TL, Ho K, Morris AP, Parsa A, Pendergrass SA, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Stefansson K, Wilson JG, Susztak K, Snieder H, Heid IM, Scholz M, Butterworth AS, Hung AM, Pattaro C, Köttgen A. Genome-wide association meta-analyses and fine-mapping elucidate pathways influencing albuminuria. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4130. [PMID: 31511532 PMCID: PMC6739370 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) are associated with higher risk of kidney disease progression and cardiovascular events, but underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we conduct trans-ethnic (n = 564,257) and European-ancestry specific meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies of UACR, including ancestry- and diabetes-specific analyses, and identify 68 UACR-associated loci. Genetic correlation analyses and risk score associations in an independent electronic medical records database (n = 192,868) reveal connections with proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, gout, and hypertension. Fine-mapping and trans-Omics analyses with gene expression in 47 tissues and plasma protein levels implicate genes potentially operating through differential expression in kidney (including TGFB1, MUC1, PRKCI, and OAF), and allow coupling of UACR associations to altered plasma OAF concentrations. Knockdown of OAF and PRKCI orthologs in Drosophila nephrocytes reduces albumin endocytosis. Silencing fly PRKCI further impairs slit diaphragm formation. These results generate a priority list of genes and pathways for translational research to reduce albuminuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bram P Prins
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences - Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Welch Centre for Prevention, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Genetics, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Damia Noce
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso" - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yizhe Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lea Gerstner
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Centre, University of Texas Health Science Centre, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Intensive Care Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Internal Medicine - Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, USA
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Franziska Grundner-Culemann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Centre, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Centre for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Jakobsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Holtasmari 1, Kopavogur, IS-201, Iceland
- The Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, Reykjavík, IS-101, Iceland
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Su-Chi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kozeta Miliku
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Centre for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Annette Peters
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Belen Ponte
- Service de Néphrologie, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heiko Runz
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
- Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai-Uwe Saum
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benjamin B Sun
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, USA
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hauke Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Centre, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Durrer Centre for Cardiovascular Research, The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Vogelezang
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Otis D Wilson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Charlene Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Anatomic Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Diabetology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute (KHRI), Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Centre, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Centre, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adriana M Hung
- Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wuttke M, Li Y, Li M, Sieber KB, Feitosa MF, Gorski M, Tin A, Wang L, Chu AY, Hoppmann A, Kirsten H, Giri A, Chai JF, Sveinbjornsson G, Tayo BO, Nutile T, Fuchsberger C, Marten J, Cocca M, Ghasemi S, Xu Y, Horn K, Noce D, van der Most PJ, Sedaghat S, Yu Z, Akiyama M, Afaq S, Ahluwalia TS, Almgren P, Amin N, Ärnlöv J, Bakker SJL, Bansal N, Baptista D, Bergmann S, Biggs ML, Biino G, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Boissel M, Bottinger EP, Boutin TS, Brenner H, Brumat M, Burkhardt R, Butterworth AS, Campana E, Campbell A, Campbell H, Canouil M, Carroll RJ, Catamo E, Chambers JC, Chee ML, Chee ML, Chen X, Cheng CY, Cheng Y, Christensen K, Cifkova R, Ciullo M, Concas MP, Cook JP, Coresh J, Corre T, Sala CF, Cusi D, Danesh J, Daw EW, de Borst MH, De Grandi A, de Mutsert R, de Vries APJ, Degenhardt F, Delgado G, Demirkan A, Di Angelantonio E, Dittrich K, Divers J, Dorajoo R, Eckardt KU, Ehret G, Elliott P, Endlich K, Evans MK, Felix JF, Foo VHX, Franco OH, Franke A, Freedman BI, Freitag-Wolf S, Friedlander Y, Froguel P, Gansevoort RT, Gao H, Gasparini P, Gaziano JM, Giedraitis V, Gieger C, Girotto G, Giulianini F, Gögele M, Gordon SD, Gudbjartsson DF, Gudnason V, Haller T, Hamet P, Harris TB, Hartman CA, Hayward C, Hellwege JN, Heng CK, Hicks AA, Hofer E, Huang W, Hutri-Kähönen N, Hwang SJ, Ikram MA, Indridason OS, Ingelsson E, Ising M, Jaddoe VWV, Jakobsdottir J, Jonas JB, Joshi PK, Josyula NS, Jung B, Kähönen M, Kamatani Y, Kammerer CM, Kanai M, Kastarinen M, Kerr SM, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kleber ME, Koenig W, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kraja AT, Krajcoviechova A, Kramer H, Krämer BK, Kronenberg F, Kubo M, Kühnel B, Kuokkanen M, Kuusisto J, La Bianca M, Laakso M, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lee JJM, Lehne B, Lehtimäki T, Lieb W, Lim SC, Lind L, Lindgren CM, Liu J, Liu J, Loeffler M, Loos RJF, Lucae S, Lukas MA, Lyytikäinen LP, Mägi R, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Martin NG, Martins J, März W, Mascalzoni D, Matsuda K, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mikaelsdottir EK, Milaneschi Y, Miliku K, Mishra PP, Mohlke KL, Mononen N, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mychaleckyj JC, Nadkarni GN, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nikus K, Ning B, Nolte IM, Noordam R, O'Connell J, O'Donoghue ML, Olafsson I, Oldehinkel AJ, Orho-Melander M, Ouwehand WH, Padmanabhan S, Palmer ND, Palsson R, Penninx BWJH, Perls T, Perola M, Pirastu M, Pirastu N, Pistis G, Podgornaia AI, Polasek O, Ponte B, Porteous DJ, Poulain T, Pramstaller PP, Preuss MH, Prins BP, Province MA, Rabelink TJ, Raffield LM, Raitakari OT, Reilly DF, Rettig R, Rheinberger M, Rice KM, Ridker PM, Rivadeneira F, Rizzi F, Roberts DJ, Robino A, Rossing P, Rudan I, Rueedi R, Ruggiero D, Ryan KA, Saba Y, Sabanayagam C, Salomaa V, Salvi E, Saum KU, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Schöttker B, Schulz CA, Schupf N, Shaffer CM, Shi Y, Smith AV, Smith BH, Soranzo N, Spracklen CN, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Stumvoll M, Svensson PO, Szymczak S, Tai ES, Tajuddin SM, Tan NYQ, Taylor KD, Teren A, Tham YC, Thiery J, Thio CHL, Thomsen H, Thorleifsson G, Toniolo D, Tönjes A, Tremblay J, Tzoulaki I, Uitterlinden AG, Vaccargiu S, van Dam RM, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Velez Edward DR, Verweij N, Vogelezang S, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Waldenberger M, Wallentin L, Wang YX, Wang C, Waterworth DM, Bin Wei W, White H, Whitfield JB, Wild SH, Wilson JF, Wojczynski MK, Wong C, Wong TY, Xu L, Yang Q, Yasuda M, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Zhang W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Bochud M, Psaty BM, Vitart V, Wilson JG, Dehghan A, Parsa A, Chasman DI, Ho K, Morris AP, Devuyst O, Akilesh S, Pendergrass SA, Sim X, Böger CA, Okada Y, Edwards TL, Snieder H, Stefansson K, Hung AM, Heid IM, Scholz M, Teumer A, Köttgen A, Pattaro C. A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals. Nat Genet 2019; 51:957-972. [PMID: 31152163 PMCID: PMC6698888 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through trans-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these, 147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Man Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Karsten B Sieber
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Anselm Hoppmann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Sahar Ghasemi
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yizhe Xu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Damia Noce
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanaz Sedaghat
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Peter Almgren
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric Campana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Archie Campbell
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Miao-Ling Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yurong Cheng
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Odense, Denmark
| | - Renata Cifkova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine II, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Milan, Italy
- Bio4Dreams-Business Nursery for Life Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aiko P J de Vries
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Public Health Sciences-Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Intensive Care Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK-London, London, UK
| | - Karlhans Endlich
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valencia Hui Xian Foo
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Molecular Geriatrics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Medpharmgene, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Center for Population Studies, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olafur S Indridason
- Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Navya Shilpa Josyula
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bettina Jung
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mika Kastarinen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Shona M Kerr
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alena Krajcoviechova
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medicine II, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama (Kanagawa), Japan
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mikko Kuokkanen
- The Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Public Health Sciences-Biostatistics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jeannette Jen-Mai Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank Popgen, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Su-Chi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Diabetes Center, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lukas
- Target Sciences-Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jade Martins
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Medical Clinic V, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Clincial Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kozeta Miliku
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Boting Ning
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- TIMI Study Group, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Runolfur Palsson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Belen Ponte
- Service de Néphrologie, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David J Porteous
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bram P Prins
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany
| | - Myriam Rheinberger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Milano, Italy
| | - David J Roberts
- NHS Blood and Transplant, BRC Oxford Haematology Theme; Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Igor Rudan
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'-CNR, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Kai-Uwe Saum
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina-Alexandra Schulz
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease-Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clincial Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Per O Svensson
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silke Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chris H L Thio
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hauke Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Anke Tönjes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johanne Tremblay
- Montreal University Hospital Research Center, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, UOS of Sassari, Li Punti, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Digna R Velez Edward
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Vogelezang
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Harvey White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah H Wild
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charlene Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Center for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Kidney Health Research Institute (KHRI), Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Nephrology, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Anatomic Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah A Pendergrass
- Geisinger Research, Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carsten A Böger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Osaka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Adriana M Hung
- Department of Veteran's Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated with the University of Lübeck), Bolzano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiao Y, Ahmed U, Sim MFM, Bejar A, Zhang X, Talukder MMU, Rice R, Flannick J, Podgornaia AI, Reilly DF, Engreitz JM, Kost-Alimova M, Hartland K, Mercader JM, Georges S, Wagh V, Tadin-Strapps M, Doench JG, Edwardson JM, Rochford JJ, Rosen ED, Majithia AR. Discovering metabolic disease gene interactions by correlated effects on cellular morphology. Mol Metab 2019; 24:108-119. [PMID: 30940487 PMCID: PMC6531784 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Impaired expansion of peripheral fat contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify novel disease–gene interactions during adipocyte differentiation. Methods Genes in disease-associated loci for T2D, adiposity and insulin resistance were ranked according to expression in human adipocytes. The top 125 genes were ablated in human pre-adipocytes via CRISPR/CAS9 and the resulting cellular phenotypes quantified during adipocyte differentiation with high-content microscopy and automated image analysis. Morphometric measurements were extracted from all images and used to construct morphologic profiles for each gene. Results Over 107 morphometric measurements were obtained. Clustering of the morphologic profiles accross all genes revealed a group of 14 genes characterized by decreased lipid accumulation, and enriched for known lipodystrophy genes. For two lipodystrophy genes, BSCL2 and AGPAT2, sub-clusters with PLIN1 and CEBPA identifed by morphological similarity were validated by independent experiments as novel protein–protein and gene regulatory interactions. Conclusions A morphometric approach in adipocytes can resolve multiple cellular mechanisms for metabolic disease loci; this approach enables mechanistic interrogation of the hundreds of metabolic disease loci whose function still remains unknown. Loss-of-function genetic screen in human adipocytes for 125 genes selected from metabolic disease-associated loci. Genetic screen read out by cellular morphometry— 77,000 images taken with 400 morphological features extracted per image. Pairwise mechanistic interactions between genes identified by correlations of cellular morphometry—two interactions validated. Novel interaction between BSCL2 and PLIN1 from biophysical association of proteins at lipid droplet surface. Novel interaction between CEBPA and AGPAT2 from CEBPA dependent transcription of AGPAT2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Umer Ahmed
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - M F Michelle Sim
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrea Bejar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Robert Rice
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jason Flannick
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anna I Podgornaia
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Kate Hartland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Sara Georges
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vilas Wagh
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - John G Doench
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Justin J Rochford
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Rowett Institute and the Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Evan D Rosen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Genetics, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amit R Majithia
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salazar ME, Podgornaia AI, Laub MT. The small membrane protein MgrB regulates PhoQ bifunctionality to control PhoP target gene expression dynamics. Mol Microbiol 2016; 102:430-445. [PMID: 27447896 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In Escherichia coli and other γ-proteobacteria, the PhoQ-PhoP two-component signaling system responds to low extracellular Mg++ and cationic antimicrobial peptides. On transition to inducing conditions, the expression of PhoP-dependent genes increases rapidly, but then decays to a new, intermediate steady-state level, a phenomenon often referred to as partial adaptation. The molecular basis for this partial adaptation has been unclear. Here, using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy to examine PhoP-dependent gene expression in individual E. coli cells we show that partial adaptation arises through a negative feedback loop involving the small protein MgrB. When E. coli cells are shifted to low Mg++ , PhoQ engages in multiple rounds of autophosphorylation and phosphotransfer to PhoP, which, in turn, drives the expression of mgrB. MgrB then feeds back to inhibit the kinase activity of PhoQ. PhoQ is bifunctional such that, when not active as a kinase, it can stimulate the dephosphorylation of PhoP. Thus, MgrB drives the inactivation of PhoP and the observed adaptation in PhoP-dependent gene expression. Our results clarify the source of feedback inhibition in the E. coli PhoQ-PhoP system and reveal how exogenous factors, such as MgrB, can combine with a canonical two-component signaling pathway to produce complex temporal dynamics in target gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Salazar
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Michael T Laub
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Mapping protein sequence space is a difficult problem that necessitates the analysis of 20(N) combinations for sequences of length N. We systematically mapped the sequence space of four key residues in the Escherichia coli protein kinase PhoQ that drive recognition of its substrate PhoP. We generated a library containing all 160,000 variants of PhoQ at these positions and used a two-step selection coupled to next-generation sequencing to identify 1659 functional variants. Our results reveal extensive degeneracy in the PhoQ-PhoP interface and epistasis, with the effect of individual substitutions often highly dependent on context. Together, epistasis and the genetic code create a pattern of connectivity of functional variants in sequence space that likely constrains PhoQ evolution. Consequently, the diversity of PhoQ orthologs is substantially lower than that of functional PhoQ variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Podgornaia
- Computational & Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael T Laub
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Podgornaia AI, Casino P, Marina A, Laub MT. Structural basis of a rationally rewired protein-protein interface critical to bacterial signaling. Structure 2013; 21:1636-47. [PMID: 23954504 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two-component signal transduction systems typically involve a sensor histidine kinase that specifically phosphorylates a single, cognate response regulator. This protein-protein interaction relies on molecular recognition via a small set of residues in each protein. To better understand how these residues determine the specificity of kinase-substrate interactions, we rationally rewired the interaction interface of a Thermotoga maritima two-component system, HK853-RR468, to match that found in a different two-component system, Escherichia coli PhoR-PhoB. The rewired proteins interacted robustly with each other, but no longer interacted with the parent proteins. Analysis of the crystal structures of the wild-type and mutant protein complexes and a systematic mutagenesis study reveal how individual mutations contribute to the rewiring of interaction specificity. Our approach and conclusions have implications for studies of other protein-protein interactions and protein evolution and for the design of novel protein interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Podgornaia
- Computational and Systems Biology Initiative, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brooks AN, Aspden JL, Podgornaia AI, Rio DC, Brenner SE. Identification and experimental validation of splicing regulatory elements in Drosophila melanogaster reveals functionally conserved splicing enhancers in metazoans. RNA 2011; 17:1884-94. [PMID: 21865603 PMCID: PMC3185920 DOI: 10.1261/rna.2696311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
RNA sequence elements involved in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing have previously been identified in vertebrate genomes by computational methods. Here, we apply such approaches to predict splicing regulatory elements in Drosophila melanogaster and compare them with elements previously found in the human, mouse, and pufferfish genomes. We identified 99 putative exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs) and 231 putative intronic splicing enhancers (ISEs) enriched near weak 5' and 3' splice sites of constitutively spliced introns, distinguishing between those found near short and long introns. We found that a significant proportion (58%) of fly enhancer sequences were previously reported in at least one of the vertebrates. Furthermore, 20% of putative fly ESEs were previously identified as ESEs in human, mouse, and pufferfish; while only two fly ISEs, CTCTCT and TTATAA, were identified as ISEs in all three vertebrate species. Several putative enhancer sequences are similar to characterized binding-site motifs for Drosophila and mammalian splicing regulators. To provide additional evidence for the function of putative ISEs, we separately identified 298 intronic hexamers significantly enriched within sequences phylogenetically conserved among 15 insect species. We found that 73 putative ISEs were among those enriched in conserved regions of the D. melanogaster genome. The functions of nine enhancer sequences were verified in a heterologous splicing reporter, demonstrating that these sequences are sufficient to enhance splicing in vivo. Taken together, these data identify a set of predicted positive-acting splicing regulatory motifs in the Drosophila genome and reveal regulatory sequences that are present in distant metazoan genomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela N. Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Julie L. Aspden
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Anna I. Podgornaia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Donald C. Rio
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Steven E. Brenner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Corresponding author.E-mail .
| |
Collapse
|