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Schulte S, Decker D, Nowduri B, Gries M, Christmann A, Meyszner A, Rabe H, Saumer M, Schäfer KH. Improving morphological and functional properties of enteric neuronal networks in vitro using a novel upside-down culture approach. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G567-G582. [PMID: 38193168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00170.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) comprises millions of neurons and glia embedded in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. It not only controls important functions of the gut but also interacts with the immune system, gut microbiota, and the gut-brain axis, thereby playing a key role in the health and disease of the whole organism. Any disturbance of this intricate system is mirrored in an alteration of electrical functionality, making electrophysiological methods important tools for investigating ENS-related disorders. Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) provide an appropriate noninvasive approach to recording signals from multiple neurons or whole networks simultaneously. However, studying isolated cells of the ENS can be challenging, considering the limited time that these cells can be kept vital in vitro. Therefore, we developed an alternative approach cultivating cells on glass samples with spacers (fabricated by photolithography methods). The spacers allow the cells to grow upside down in a spatially confined environment while enabling acute consecutive recordings of multiple ENS cultures on the same MEA. Upside-down culture also shows beneficial effects on the growth and behavior of enteric neural cultures. The number of dead cells was significantly decreased, and neural networks showed a higher resemblance to the myenteric plexus ex vivo while producing more stable signals than cultures grown in the conventional way. Overall, our results indicate that the upside-down approach not only allows to investigate the impact of neurological diseases in vitro but could also offer insights into the growth and development of the ENS under conditions much closer to the in vivo environment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we devised a novel approach for culturing and electrophysiological recording of the enteric nervous system using custom-made glass substrates with spacers. This allows to turn cultures of isolated myenteric plexus upside down, enhancing the use of the microelectrode array technique by allowing recording of multiple cultures consecutively using only one chip. In addition, upside-down culture led to significant improvements in the culture conditions, resulting in a more in vivo-like growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Dominique Decker
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Bharat Nowduri
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Antoine Meyszner
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Holger Rabe
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Saumer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
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Verstraelen P, Van Remoortel S, De Loose N, Verboven R, Garcia-Diaz Barriga G, Christmann A, Gries M, Bessho S, Li J, Guerra C, Tükel Ç, Martinez SI, Schäfer KH, Timmermans JP, De Vos WH. Serum Amyloid A3 Fuels a Feed-Forward Inflammatory Response to the Bacterial Amyloid Curli in the Enteric Nervous System. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S2352-345X(24)00068-7. [PMID: 38556049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mounting evidence suggests a role for the gastrointestinal microbiome as a determinant of peripheral immunity and central neurodegeneration, but the local disease mechanisms remain unknown. Given its potential relevance for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, we set out to map the pathogenic changes induced by bacterial amyloids in the gastrointestinal tract and its enteric nervous system. METHODS To examine the early response, we challenged primary murine myenteric networks with curli, the prototypic bacterial amyloid, and performed shotgun RNA sequencing and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using enteric neurosphere-derived glial and neuronal cell cultures, as well as in vivo curli injections into the colon wall, we further scrutinized curli-induced pathogenic pathways. RESULTS Curli induced a proinflammatory response, with marked up-regulation of serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) and the secretion of several cytokines. This proinflammatory state was induced primarily in enteric glia, was accompanied by increased levels of DNA damage and replication, and triggered the influx of immune cells in vivo. The addition of recombinant SAA3 was sufficient to recapitulate this specific proinflammatory phenotype while Saa3 knock-out attenuated curli-induced DNA damage and replication. Similar to curli, recombinant SAA3 caused a strong up-regulation of Saa3 transcripts, indicating a feedforward loop. Colonization of curli-producing Salmonella and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis caused a significant increase in Saa3 transcripts, indicating a central role for SAA3 in enteric dysfunction. Inhibition of dual leucine zipper kinase, an upstream regulator of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway responsible for SAA3 production, attenuated curli- and SAA3-induced Saa3 up-regulation, DNA damage, and replication in enteric glia. CONCLUSIONS Our results position SAA3 as an important mediator of gastrointestinal vulnerability toward bacterial-derived amyloids and demonstrate the potential of dual leucine zipper kinase inhibition to dampen enteric pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Verstraelen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Samuel Van Remoortel
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nouchin De Loose
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rosanne Verboven
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Anne Christmann
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Shingo Bessho
- Center for Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Li
- Experimental Oncology Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerra
- Experimental Oncology Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Çagla Tükel
- Center for Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sales Ibiza Martinez
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; μNeuro Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Winnok H De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; μNeuro Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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3
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Heumüller-Klug S, Maurer K, Tapia-Laliena MÁ, Sticht C, Christmann A, Mörz H, Khasanov R, Wink E, Schulte S, Greffrath W, Treede RD, Wessel LM, Schäfer KH. Impact of cryopreservation on viability, gene expression and function of enteric nervous system derived neurospheres. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196472. [PMID: 37377739 PMCID: PMC10291272 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Impairment of both the central and peripheral nervous system is a major cause of mortality and disability. It varies from an affection of the brain to various types of enteric dysganglionosis. Congenital enteric dysganglionosis is characterized by the local absence of intrinsic innervation due to deficits in either migration, proliferation or differentiation of neural stem cells. Despite surgery, children's quality of life is reduced. Neural stem cell transplantation seems a promising therapeutic approach, requiring huge amounts of cells and multiple approaches to fully colonize the diseased areas completely. A combination of successful expansion and storage of neural stem cells is needed until a sufficient amount of cells is generated. This must be combined with suitable cell transplantation strategies, that cover all the area affected. Cryopreservation provides the possibility to store cells for long time, unfortunately with side effects, i.e., upon vitality. Methods: In this study we investigate the impact of different freezing and thawing protocols (M1-M4) upon enteric neural stem cell survival, protein and gene expression, and cell function. Results: Freezing enteric nervous system derived neurospheres (ENSdN) following slow-freezing protocols (M1-3) resulted in higher survival rates than flash-freezing (M4). RNA expression profiles were least affected by freezing protocols M1/2, whereas the protein expression of ENSdN remained unchanged after treatment with protocol M1 only. Cells treated with the most promising freezing protocol (M1, slow freezing in fetal calf serum plus 10% DMSO) were subsequently investigated using single-cell calcium imaging. Freezing of ENSdN did not alter the increase in intracellular calcium in response to a specific set of stimuli. Single cells could be assigned to functional subgroups according to response patterns and a significant shift towards cells responding to nicotine was observed after freezing. Discussion: The results demonstrate that cryopreservation of ENSdN is possible with reduced viability, only slight changes in protein/gene expression patterns and without an impact on the neuronal function of different enteric nervous system cell subtypes, with the exception of a subtle upregulation of cells expressing nicotinergic acetylcholine receptors. In summary, cryopreservation presents a good method to store sufficient amounts of enteric neural stem cells without neuronal impairment, in order to enable subsequent transplantation of cells into compromised tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Heumüller-Klug
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kristina Maurer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - María Á. Tapia-Laliena
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Research Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- AGENS, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern Campus Zweibrücken, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Handan Mörz
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rasul Khasanov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elvira Wink
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Steven Schulte
- AGENS, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern Campus Zweibrücken, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Greffrath
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucas M. Wessel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- AGENS, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern Campus Zweibrücken, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Schulte S, Gries M, Christmann A, Schäfer KH. Using multielectrode arrays to investigate neurodegenerative effects of the amyloid-beta peptide. Bioelectron Med 2021; 7:15. [PMID: 34711287 PMCID: PMC8554832 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-021-00078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multielectrode arrays are widely used to analyze the effects of potentially toxic compounds, as well as to evaluate neuroprotective agents upon the activity of neural networks in short- and long-term cultures. Multielectrode arrays provide a way of non-destructive analysis of spontaneous and evoked neuronal activity, allowing to model neurodegenerative diseases in vitro. Here, we provide an overview on how these devices are currently used in research on the amyloid-β peptide and its role in Alzheimer's disease, the most common neurodegenerative disorder. MAIN BODY Most of the studies analysed here indicate fast responses of neuronal cultures towards aggregated forms of amyloid-β, leading to increases of spike frequency and impairments of long-term potentiation. This in turn suggests that this peptide might play a crucial role in causing the typical neuronal dysfunction observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease. CONCLUSIONS Although the number of studies using multielectrode arrays to examine the effect of the amyloid-β peptide onto neural cultures or whole compartments is currently limited, they still show how this technique can be used to not only investigate the interneuronal communication in neural networks, but also making it possible to examine the effects onto synaptic currents. This makes multielectrode arrays a powerful tool in future research on neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Christmann A, Gries M, Scholz P, Stahr PL, Law JKY, Schulte S, Martin M, Lilischkis R, Ingebrandt S, Keck CM, Schäfer KH. The antioxidant Rutin counteracts the pathological impact of α-synuclein on the enteric nervous system in vitro. Biol Chem 2021; 403:103-122. [PMID: 34582634 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Motoric disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) derive from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Intestinal dysfunctions often appear long before manifestation of neuronal symptoms, suggesting a strong correlation between gut and brain in PD. Oxidative stress is a key player in neurodegeneration causing neuronal cell death. Using natural antioxidative flavonoids like Rutin, might provide intervening strategies to improve PD pathogenesis. To explore the potential effects of micro (mRutin) compared to nano Rutin (nRutin) upon the brain and the gut during PD, its neuroprotective effects were assessed using an in vitro PD model. Our results demonstrated that Rutin inhibited the neurotoxicity induced by A53T α-synuclein (Syn) administration by decreasing oxidized lipids and increasing cell viability in both, mesencephalic and enteric cells. For enteric cells, neurite outgrowth, number of synaptic vesicles, and tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells were significantly reduced when treated with Syn. This could be reversed by the addition of Rutin. nRutin revealed a more pronounced result in all experiments. In conclusion, our study shows that Rutin, especially the nanocrystals, are promising natural compounds to protect neurons from cell death and oxidative stress during PD. Early intake of Rutin may provide a realizable option to prevent or slow PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Patrik Scholz
- Formulation Development, BAYER AG, R&D, D-51373Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Pascal L Stahr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35037Marburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Ka Yan Law
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Martin
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Rainer Lilischkis
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074Aachen, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35037Marburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167Mannheim, Germany
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6
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Gries M, Christmann A, Schulte S, Weyland M, Rommel S, Martin M, Baller M, Röth R, Schmitteckert S, Unger M, Liu Y, Sommer F, Mühlhaus T, Schroda M, Timmermans JP, Pintelon I, Rappold GA, Britschgi M, Lashuel H, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Niesler B, Schäfer KH. Parkinson mice show functional and molecular changes in the gut long before motoric disease onset. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:34. [PMID: 34078425 PMCID: PMC8170976 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that Parkinson's disease (PD) might start in the gut, thus involving and compromising also the enteric nervous system (ENS). At the clinical onset of the disease the majority of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain is already destroyed, so that the lack of early biomarkers for the disease represents a major challenge for developing timely treatment interventions. Here, we use a transgenic A30P-α-synuclein-overexpressing PD mouse model to identify appropriate candidate markers in the gut before hallmark symptoms begin to manifest. METHODS Based on a gait analysis and striatal dopamine levels, we defined 2-month-old A30P mice as pre-symptomatic (psA30P), since they are not showing any motoric impairments of the skeletal neuromuscular system and no reduced dopamine levels, but an intestinal α-synuclein pathology. Mice at this particular age were further used to analyze functional and molecular alterations in both, the gastrointestinal tract and the ENS, to identify early pathological changes. We examined the gastrointestinal motility, the molecular composition of the ENS, as well as the expression of regulating miRNAs. Moreover, we applied A30P-α-synuclein challenges in vitro to simulate PD in the ENS. RESULTS A retarded gut motility and early molecular dysregulations were found in the myenteric plexus of psA30P mice. We found that i.e. neurofilament light chain, vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 and calbindin 2, together with the miRNAs that regulate them, are significantly altered in the psA30P, thus representing potential biomarkers for early PD. Many of the dysregulated miRNAs found in the psA30P mice are reported to be changed in PD patients as well, either in blood, cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue. Interestingly, the in vitro approaches delivered similar changes in the ENS cultures as seen in the transgenic animals, thus confirming the data from the mouse model. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide an interesting and novel approach for the identification of appropriate biomarkers in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Maximilian Weyland
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Stephanie Rommel
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Martin
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Marko Baller
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Ralph Röth
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schmitteckert
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Unger
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Sommer
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Timo Mühlhaus
- Computational Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Schroda
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gudrun A Rappold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroscience, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Britschgi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Medicine Area, Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hilal Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Beate Niesler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, 66482, Zweibrücken, Germany.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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7
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Schäfer K, Christmann A, Gries M. Can we trust the gut? The role of the intestine in neurodegeneration. J Physiol 2020; 598:4141-4142. [DOI: 10.1113/jp280336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl‐Herbert Schäfer
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern Zweibrücken Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern Zweibrücken Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern Zweibrücken Germany
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8
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Schnöder L, Gasparoni G, Nordström K, Schottek A, Tomic I, Christmann A, Schäfer KH, Menger MD, Walter J, Fassbender K, Liu Y. Neuronal deficiency of p38α-MAPK ameliorates symptoms and pathology of APP or Tau-transgenic Alzheimer's mouse models. FASEB J 2020; 34:9628-9649. [PMID: 32475008 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902731rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia with very limited therapeutic options. Amyloid β (Aβ) and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) are key pathogenic molecules in AD. P38α-MAPK is specifically activated in AD lesion sites. However, its effects on AD pathogenesis, especially on p-Tau-associated brain pathology, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We mated human APP-transgenic mice and human P301S Tau-transgenic mice with mapk14-floxed and neuron-specific Cre-knock-in mice. We observed that deletion of p38α-MAPK specifically in neurons improves the cognitive function of both 9-month-old APP and Tau-transgenic AD mice, which is associated with decreased Aβ and p-Tau load in the brain. We further used next-generation sequencing to analyze the gene transcription in brains of p38α-MAPK deficient and wild-type APP-transgenic mice, which indicated that deletion of p38α-MAPK regulates the transcription of calcium homeostasis-related genes, especially downregulates the expression of grin2a, a gene encoding NMDAR subunit NR2A. Cell culture experiments further verified that deletion of p38α-MAPK inhibits NMDA-triggered calcium influx and neuronal apoptosis. Our systemic studies of AD pathogenic mechanisms using both APP- and Tau-transgenic mice suggested that deletion of neuronal p38α-MAPK attenuates AD-associated brain pathology and protects neurons in AD pathogenesis. This study supports p38α-MAPK as a novel target for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schnöder
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karl Nordström
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andrea Schottek
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Inge Tomic
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anne Christmann
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System, University of Applied Sciences, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Karl H Schäfer
- Working Group Enteric Nervous System, University of Applied Sciences, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Klaus Fassbender
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,German Institute for Dementia Prevention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Müller C, Güvenc B, Henn W, Christmann A, Vogt T, Pföhler C. Familiäre Keratoakanthome vom Typ Ferguson-Smith: Ein Fallbericht mit Nachweis einer bislang nicht beschriebenen Mutation im TGFBR-1-Gen. Akt Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-113090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Müller
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - B. Güvenc
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - W. Henn
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | | | - T. Vogt
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
| | - C. Pföhler
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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Kratz CP, Franke L, Peters H, Kohlschmidt N, Kazmierczak B, Finckh U, Bier A, Eichhorn B, Blank C, Kraus C, Kohlhase J, Pauli S, Wildhardt G, Kutsche K, Auber B, Christmann A, Bachmann N, Mitter D, Cremer FW, Mayer K, Daumer-Haas C, Nevinny-Stickel-Hinzpeter C, Oeffner F, Schlüter G, Gencik M, Überlacker B, Lissewski C, Schanze I, Greene MH, Spix C, Zenker M. Cancer spectrum and frequency among children with Noonan, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1392-7. [PMID: 25742478 PMCID: PMC4402457 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Somatic mutations affecting components of the Ras-MAPK pathway are a common feature of cancer, whereas germline Ras pathway mutations cause developmental disorders including Noonan, Costello, and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes. These ‘RASopathies' also represent cancer-prone syndromes, but the quantitative cancer risks remain unknown. Methods: We investigated the occurrence of childhood cancer including benign and malignant tumours of the central nervous system in a group of 735 individuals with germline mutations in Ras signalling pathway genes by matching their information with the German Childhood Cancer Registry. Results: We observed 12 cases of cancer in the entire RASopathy cohort vs 1.12 expected (based on German population-based incidence rates). This corresponds to a 10.5-fold increased risk of all childhood cancers combined (standardised incidence ratio (SIR)=10.5, 95% confidence interval=5.4–18.3). The specific cancers included juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia=4; brain tumour=3; acute lymphoblastic leukaemia=2; rhabdomyosarcoma=2; and neuroblastoma=1. The childhood cancer SIR in Noonan syndrome patients was 8.1, whereas that for Costello syndrome patients was 42.4. Conclusions: These data comprise the first quantitative evidence documenting that the germline mutations in Ras signalling pathway genes are associated with increased risks of both childhood leukaemia and solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - L Franke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - H Peters
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - N Kohlschmidt
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Maximilianstr. 28D, Bonn 53111, Germany
| | - B Kazmierczak
- Praxis für Humangenetik, Schwachhauser Heerstr. 50 a-c, Bremen 28209, Germany
| | - U Finckh
- 220;BAG Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard & Partner, Brauhausstraße 4 44137, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Bier
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Humangenetik, Gutenbergstraße 5, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - B Eichhorn
- Mitteldeutscher Praxisverbund Humangenetik, Friedrichstraße 34, Dresden 01067, Germany
| | - C Blank
- Praenatal-Medizin, Graf-Adolf-Str. 35-37, Düsseldorf 40210, Germany
| | - C Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 10, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - J Kohlhase
- Center for Human Genetics Freiburg, Heinrich-von-Stephan-Str. 5, Freiburg 79100, Germany
| | - S Pauli
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Göttingen, Heinrich-Düker-Weg 12, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - G Wildhardt
- bio.logis, Zentrum für Humangenetik, Altenhöferallee 3, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - K Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - B Auber
- MVZ genteQ, Falkenried 88, Hamburg D-20251, Germany
| | - A Christmann
- Praxis für Humangenetik, Kardinal-Wendel-Str. 14, 66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - N Bachmann
- Zentrum für Humangenetik, Bioscientia Ingelheim, Konrad-Adenauer-Straße 17, Ingelheim 55218, Germany
| | - D Mitter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - F W Cremer
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Mannheim, Harrlachweg 1, Mannheim 68163, Germany
| | - K Mayer
- Zentrum für Humangenetik und Laboratoriumsdiagnostik (MVZ), Lochhamer Straße 29, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - C Daumer-Haas
- Pränatal-Medizin München, Lachnerstraße 20, München 80639, Germany
| | - C Nevinny-Stickel-Hinzpeter
- Praxis für Humangenetik München, Synlab Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Humane Genetik, Lindwurmstraße 23, München 80337, Germany
| | - F Oeffner
- Genetikum Neu-Ulm, Wegenerstr. 15, Neu-Ulm 89231, Germany
| | - G Schlüter
- Pränatalmedizin und Genetik, MVZ, Bankgasse 3, Nürnberg 90402, Germany
| | - M Gencik
- Diagenos, Caprivistr. 30, Osnabrück 49076, Germany
| | - B Überlacker
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Molekulare Medizin, Paul-Schallück-Str. 8, Köln 50939, Germany
| | - C Lissewski
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - I Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - M H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NCI Shady Grove Room 6E456, Bethesda, MD 20850-9772, USA
| | - C Spix
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Straße 69, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - M Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
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Blattmann C, Thiemann M, Stenzinger A, Christmann A, Roth E, Ehemann V, Debus J, Kulozik AE, Weichert W, Huber PE, Oertel S, Abdollahi A. Radiosensitization by histone deacetylase inhibition in an osteosarcoma mouse model. Strahlenther Onkol 2013; 189:957-66. [PMID: 23801068 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-013-0372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcomas (OS) are highly malignant and radioresistant tumors. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) constitute a novel class of anticancer agents. We sought to investigate the effect of combined treatment with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and radiotherapy in OS in vivo. METHODS Clonogenic survival of human OS cell lines as well as tumor growth delay of OS xenografts were tested after treatment with either vehicle, radiotherapy (XRT), SAHA, or XRT and SAHA. Tumor proliferation, necrosis, microvascular density, apoptosis, and p53/p21 were monitored by immunohistochemistry. The CD95 pathway was performed by flow cytometry, caspase (3/7/8) activity measurements, and functional inhibition of CD95 death signaling. RESULTS Combined treatment with SAHA and XRT markedly reduced the surviving fraction of OS cells as compared to XRT alone. Likewise, dual therapy significantly inhibited OS tumor growth in vivo as compared to XRT alone, reflected by reduced tumor proliferation, impaired angiogenesis, and increased apoptosis. Addition of HDACi to XRT led to elevated p53, p21, CD95, and CD95L expression. Inhibition of CD95 signaling reduced HDACi- and XRT-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data show that HDACi increases the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells at least in part via ligand-induced apoptosis. HDACi thus emerge as potentially useful treatment components of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Blattmann
- Pädiatrie 5, Olgahospital, Bismarckstr. 8, 70176, Stuttgart, Germany,
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Christmann A, Ienny P, Quantin J, Caro-Bretelle A, Lopez-Cuesta J. Mechanical behaviour at large strain of polycarbonate nanocomposites during uniaxial tensile test. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hauth EA, Jansen C, Drescher R, Schwarz M, Christmann A, Jaeger H, Forsting M, Mathias K. [Angiographic follow-up after carotid artery stenting of bifurcation stenosis]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2006; 178:794-800. [PMID: 16862506 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-926814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the restenosis grade, the intima hyperplasia and the stent expansion via angiographic follow-up six months after carotid artery stenting. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 100 patients, angiographic follow-up was performed 5.9 months (range: 2.9-11.4 months) after carotid artery stenting. The restenosis grade, the intima hyperplasia and the stent expansion were measured by selective angiography of the treated carotid artery. RESULTS The mean restenosis grade was 16 % (range: 0-78 %). In 6 of 100 patients (6 %), a restenosis grade of > 50 % was measured. In 4 patients the restenosis grade was 50-70 %. In 2 patients the restenosis grade was > 70 %. In 91 of 100 patients (91 %), the restenosis was localized in the former area of stenosis of the carotid artery, and in 9 of 100 patients (9 %), the restenosis was localized in the cranial stent end. The mean grade of intima hyperplasia was 31 % (range: 2-70 %). The mean increase in stent expansion at the time of follow-up was 10 % (range: 0-59 %). No correlation was able to be determined between the grade of stenosis and the grade of restenosis (rho = 0.017, range: - 0.180-0.213), between the grade of residual stenosis and the grade of restenosis (rho = 0.257, range: 0.064-0.431) and between intima hyperplasia and the grade of restenosis (rho = 0.476, range: 0.309-0.615). CONCLUSIONS Carotid artery stenting is associated with a low incidence of high-grade restenosis 6 months after an intervention. The intima hyperplasia, which can be observed in each Wallstent, is partly compensated by the expansion of the self-expandable stent. Without a correlation between the grade of residual stenosis and the grade of restenosis, low-grade residual stenosis can be accepted. Therefore, we recommend undersized postdilation of the Wallstent.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Hauth
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Universitätsklinik Essen.
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Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a major role as an endogenous messenger in the regulation of plant's water status. ABA is generated as a signal during a plant's life cycle to control seed germination and further developmental processes and in response to abiotic stress imposed by salt, cold, drought, and wounding. The action of ABA can target specifically guard cells for induction of stomatal closure but may also signal systemically for adjustment towards severe water shortage. At the molecular level, the responses are primarily mediated by regulation of ion channels and by changes in gene expression. In the last years, the molecular complexity of ABA signal transduction surfaced more and more. Many proteins and a plethora of "secondary" messengers that regulate or modulate ABA-responses have been identified by analysis of mutants including gene knock-out plants and by applying RNA interference technology together with protein interaction analysis. The complexity possibly reflects intensive cross-talk with other signal pathways and the role of ABA to be part of and to integrate several responses. Despite the missing unifying concept, it is becoming clear that ABA action enforces a sophisticated regulation at all levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christmann
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik, Technische Universität München, Am Hochanger 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Schmieder K, Möller F, Engelhardt M, Scholz M, Schregel W, Christmann A, Harders A. Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients with Ruptured and Unruptured Aneurysms after Induction of General Anesthesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 67:81-7. [PMID: 16673240 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-933374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood pressure management in patients undergoing surgery for clipping of aneurysms is demanding. More information about the ability of cerebral vessels to normally regulate cerebral blood flow may have a direct influence on the intraoperative management. In patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) a disturbance of cerebral autoregulation has been reported and it correlated with the severity of the bleeding in these studies. The impairment of autoregulation was demonstrated using static measurements of cerebral pressure autoregulation. However, the dynamic component of the autoregulatory capacity seems to be of importance in the acute setting after SAH. The aim of this study was to evaluate dynamic pressure autoregulation in patients undergoing surgery for intracranial aneurysms. PATIENTS/MATERIAL AND METHODS 36 patients with a mean age of 45 years were evaluated, 26 patients with acute SAH, 10 patients with unruptured aneurysms. Cerebral autoregulation in normocapnia was tested using thigh cuffs to alter arterial blood pressure and continuous registration of the blood flow velocities with transcranial Doppler sonography. After the induction of general anesthesia under normocapnia the autoregulatory index (ARI) was calculated (values between 0-9). Patient groups were compared using Wilcoxon- and Spearman's rank test. RESULTS The two patient groups were comparable with regard to gender, age, PaCO(2), blood flow velocities and blood pressure. In patients with SAH mean ARI was 3.1/3.3 (right/left side) compared to 4.7/4.6 (right/left side) in patients without SAH. The difference was statistically significant (Wilcoxon p = 0.0399). The degree of impairment of the autoregulatory capacity increased significantly (p = 0.006) with the severity of the SAH (Hunt&Hess and Fisher scale). CONCLUSION Dynamic pressure autoregulation is impaired in patients after SAH compared to patients without SAH and correlates with the severity of the SAH. We propose that autoregulation should be measured in all patients with SAH or that an impaired autoregulation should be taken into account in patients with SAH undergoing surgery in the acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schmieder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
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Engelhardt M, Bast P, Jeblink N, Lauer W, Popovic A, Eufinger H, Scholz M, Christmann A, Harders A, Radermacher K, Schmieder K. Analysis of Surgical Management of Calvarial Tumours and First Results of a Newly Designed Robotic Trepanation System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 49:98-103. [PMID: 16708339 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-932173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the surgical strategy in patients with calvarial tumours, in order to design and modify a robot-assisted trepanation system. A total of 75 patients underwent craniectomy for the treatment of calvarial tumours during the 10-year period from 1993 to 2002. The patients' complaints, the size, location and histology of the tumour, and the various cranioplasty techniques used were analysed retrospectively. In a second procedure several craniectomies at typical locations according to the study's results were performed in a laboratory setting using a hexapod robotic tool, constructed at the Helmholtz-Institute, RWTH Aachen University, and plastic model heads. The workflow was documented and the reproducibility and the accuracy of the procedure were registered. A total of 83 surgical procedures were performed on 75 patients. The majority (87 %) of lesions treated surgically were located in the frontal, temporal and anterior parts of the parietal region. Histological examination revealed benign lesions in 66 % of the patients and dural involvement in 46 %. According to these results craniectomies were performed using the robotic system. Mean positioning accuracy of the robotic system while milling was 0.24 mm, with a standard deviation of 0.04 mm, and maximum error under 1 mm. Craniectomies leaving a 1-mm layer of the tabula interna intact to ensure a healthy dura were performed in several regions successfully. The majority of calvarial tumours, requiring surgical treatment in our patients, were located in cosmetically relevant areas in which drilling can be carried out with the robotic trepanation system. Consequently, the surgical approach had to be planned carefully in order to achieve a good cosmetic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Engelhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Engelhardt M, Uhlenbruch S, Christmann A, Miede C, Eufinger H, Scholz M, Harders A, Schmieder K. Accidential Dural Tears Occurring during Supratentorial Craniotomy - A Prospective Analysis of Predisposing Factors in 100 Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:70-4. [PMID: 15846534 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-836476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Accidental dural tears during craniotomy constitute a possible source of CSF leakage and wound infection. This can turn an elective procedure into a complicated and cost-intensive problem. Only a few studies have addressed the incidence of dural tears, but there have been many studies dealing with various techniques that can be employed to repair dural tears. The present study was carried out to analyze predisposing factors for dural tears during trepanation in order to optimize the design of a robot-assisted trepanation system. PATIENTS 100 patients were analyzed prospectively. An evaluation sheet was designed to document size and location of the lesion and the craniotomy, the geometry and number of burr holes, and the auxiliary tools used during bone flap removal. Furthermore, the suspected histology was noted and anatomical facts, including cranial vault thickness and the presence of hyperostosis frontalis interna, were documented. RESULTS In 100 craniotomies performed, in the majority of cases (64 %), in order to gain access to intracerebral lesions, 30 dural tears were seen, involving both dural layers in 26 cases. There were 26 tears located under the margins of the craniotomy; the length was 0-3 cm in 18 patients (69 %). Significant predisposing factors were the thickness of the cranial vault and the presence of a hyperostosis frontalis. Furthermore, the location (frontal) and the diagnosis of an extracerebral pathology, including meningiomas, were significant factors for dural tears. Elderly patients and the use of the drill to complete the trepanation were also significant predisposing factors. Dural repair was done using suturing, in most of the cases combined with a free periostal flap. Central dural tears were integrated into the planned dural opening. A vascularized flap or muscle was used in the minority of cases. Postoperative cerebral fluid leakage was seen in two patients, wound infections in three. CONCLUSIONS Dural tears occurring during craniotomy cannot be prevented, when predisposing factors are taken into account. The absence of brain damage may due to two factors: 1) in elderly patients with hyperostosis, an additional atrophy of the brain is present; 2) extracerebral tumors, with their space-occupying growth, shift the underlying brain away from the calvaria. Considering the design of a robot-assisted trepanation system, the following conclusions seem possible: dural tears cannot be avoided because predisposing factors are overriding. For improved safety, additional, specialized instrumentation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Engelhardt
- Neurochirurgische Klinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Germany
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Hennigs SP, Garmer M, Jaeger HJ, Classen R, Jacobs A, Gissler HM, Christmann A, Mathias K. Digital chest radiography with a large-area flat-panel silicon X-ray detector: clinical comparison with conventional radiography. Eur Radiol 2002; 11:1688-96. [PMID: 11511890 DOI: 10.1007/s003300000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2000] [Accepted: 11/24/2000] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This was a radiologists' preference study to compare a digital chest radiography system that utilizes a large-area silicon flat-panel detector with conventional radiography for visualizing anatomic regions of the chest. Conventional and digital posteroanterior (PA) and lateral chest radiographs were obtained in 115 patients. The PA and lateral image pairs were compared independently by three radiologists rating the overall appearance, 11 anatomic regions in the PA, and 9 in the lateral views. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni-Holm adjustment (p=0.05). For the PA view, the digital system performed significantly better for the overall appearance and for all anatomic regions except for the peripheral pulmonary vasculature and hilum, where no significant difference was found. For the lateral digital images, the regions trachea, costodiaphragmatic recess, and hilum were rated significantly worse. The regions retrosternal and retrocardiac lung were rated significantly better. The other regions and the overall appearance showed no significant differences. The described digital chest radiography system showed statistically superior visualization of anatomic regions for PA and an ambiguous performance for lateral images as compared with conventional radiography. After changing some image processing parameters for the lateral view, this system may be suitable for digitalization of chest radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Hennigs
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Staedtische Kliniken Dortmund, Beurhausstrasse 40, 44137 Dortmund, Germany.
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Wentzel A, Christmann A, Adams T, Kolmar H. Display of passenger proteins on the surface of Escherichia coli K-12 by the enterohemorrhagic E. coli intimin EaeA. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:7273-84. [PMID: 11717287 PMCID: PMC95577 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.24.7273-7284.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimins are members of a family of bacterial adhesins from pathogenic Escherichia coli which specifically interact with diverse eukaryotic cell surface receptors. The EaeA intimin from enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 contains an N-terminal transporter domain, which resides in the bacterial outer membrane and promotes the translocation of four C-terminally attached passenger domains across the bacterial cell envelope. We investigated whether truncated EaeA intimin lacking two carboxy-terminal domains could be used as a translocator for heterologous passenger proteins. We found that a variant of the trypsin inhibitor Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II), interleukin 4, and the Bence-Jones protein REI(v) were displayed on the surface of E. coli K-12 via fusion to truncated intimin. Fusion protein net accumulation in the outer membrane could be regulated over a broad range by varying the cellular amount of suppressor tRNA that is necessary for translational readthrough at an amber codon residing within the truncated eaeA gene. Intimin-mediated adhesion of the bacterial cells to eukaryotic target cells could be mimicked by surface display of a short fibrinogen receptor binding peptide containing an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence motif, which promoted binding of E. coli K-12 to human platelets. Cells displaying a particular epitope sequence fused to truncated intimin could be enriched 200,000-fold by immunofluorescence staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting in three sorting rounds. These results demonstrate that truncated intimin can be used as an anchor protein that mediates the translocation of various passenger proteins through the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of E. coli and their exposure on the cell surface. Intimin display may prove a useful tool for future protein translocation studies with interesting biological and biotechnological ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wentzel
- Abteilung für Molekulare Genetik und Präparative Molekularbiologie, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Christmann A, Wentzel A, Meyer C, Meyers G, Kolmar H. Epitope mapping and affinity purification of monospecific antibodies by Escherichia coli cell surface display of gene-derived random peptide libraries. J Immunol Methods 2001; 257:163-73. [PMID: 11687250 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(01)00461-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a method for the precise mapping of linear epitopes by presenting a peptide library on the surface of Escherichia coli cells. A random library of gene fragments derived from the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) envelope protein E(rns) was generated by DNAse I cleavage and cloned into a specially designed bacterial surface display vector. A carboxyterminally truncated intimin, an adhesin from enteropathogenic E. coli, serves as a carrier protein to present foreign peptides on the surface of E. coli K12 cells. Epitope-presenting cells were isolated by immunofluorescence staining of the bacterial cell population with monoclonal anti-E(rns) antibodies followed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Nucleotide sequence analysis of the coding sequence for the cloned target gene fragments of a few FACS-positive clones allowed the identification of the respective epitope sequence. A major linear antigenic determinant of the E(rns) protein could be identified by epitope mapping with a polyclonal anti-E(rns) serum. Furthermore, the high-density surface display of intimin-peptide fusions allowed us to use epitope-presenting bacteria directly as whole cell adsorbants for affinity purification of monospecific antibodies. Monospecific antibodies directed against the carboxyterminal fragment of E(rns) were isolated and used for immunostaining of transfected BHK-21 cells to validate the transient expression of E(rns). This demonstrates that gene-fragment libraries displayed on E. coli cells as fusion proteins with intimin are useful tools for rapid mapping of linear epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and polyclonal sera and for the affinity purification of monospecific antibodies by adsorption to the E. coli surface exposed antigenic peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christmann
- Abteilung Molekulare Genetik und Präparative Molekularbiologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
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Burmeister T, Maurer J, Aivado M, Elmaagacli AH, Grünebach F, Held KR, Hess G, Hochhaus A, Höppner W, Lentes KU, Lübbert M, Schäfer KL, Schafhausen P, Schmidt CA, Schüler F, Seeger K, Seelig R, Thiede C, Viehmann S, Weber C, Wilhelm S, Christmann A, Clement JH, Ebener U, Enczmann J, Leo R, Schleuning M, Schoch R, Thiel E. Quality assurance in RT-PCR-based BCR/ABL diagnostics--results of an interlaboratory test and a standardization approach. Leukemia 2000; 14:1850-6. [PMID: 11021760 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the results of an interlaboratory test for RT-PCR-based BCR/ABL analysis. The test was organized in two parts. The number of participating laboratories in the first and second part was 27 and 20, respectively. In the first part samples containing various concentrations of plasmids with the ela2, b2a2 or b3a2 BCR/ABL transcripts were analyzed by PCR. In the second part of the test, cell samples containing various concentrations of BCR/ABL-positive cells were analyzed by RT-PCR. Overall PCR sensitivity was sufficient in approximately 90% of the tests, but a significant number of false positive results were obtained. There were significant differences in sensitivity in the cell-based analysis between the various participants. The results are discussed, and proposals are made regarding the choice of primers, controls, conditions for RNA extraction and reverse transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Burmeister
- Freie Universität Berlin, Med Klinik III, Germany
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Garmer M, Hennigs SP, Jäger HJ, Schrick F, van de Loo T, Jacobs A, Hanusch A, Christmann A, Mathias K. Digital radiography versus conventional radiography in chest imaging: diagnostic performance of a large-area silicon flat-panel detector in a clinical CT-controlled study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174:75-80. [PMID: 10628458 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of a digital large-area silicon flat-panel detector with that of a conventional screen-film system in clinical chest imaging using abnormal findings documented by CT as the reference standard. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eighty patients (46 men and 34 women; age range,18-91 years; mean age, 63 years) who underwent CT of the chest were examined with the new digital radiography system, which is based on a 43 x 43 cm silicon flat-panel detector, and with a conventional screen-film system, which is used routinely in clinical practice. Posteroanterior and lateral radiographs were obtained. Four radiologists analyzed the digital and conventional images separately for chest abnormalities and rated the images using a five-level scale of confidence; CT was used as the reference standard. Diagnostic value was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves for each abnormality. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the digital and that of the conventional radiography method for almost all investigated criteria. The only exception was mediastinal abnormalities, for which the digital method provided better results than the conventional method (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The diagnostic performance of the new large-area silicon flat-panel detector is equivalent or superior to that of the conventional screen-film system for clinical chest imaging and can replace conventional radiography systems. This new technology offers transmission and storage possibilities inherent to digital radiology that would facilitate daily practice and reduce the initial high costs in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garmer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Staedtische Kliniken Dortmund, Germany
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Christmann A, Walter K, Wentzel A, Krätzner R, Kolmar H. The cystine knot of a squash-type protease inhibitor as a structural scaffold for Escherichia coli cell surface display of conformationally constrained peptides. Protein Eng 1999; 12:797-806. [PMID: 10506290 DOI: 10.1093/protein/12.9.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II), a member of the squash family of protease inhibitors, is composed of 28 amino acid residues and is a potent inhibitor of trypsin. Its compact structure is defined by a triple-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet, which is held together by three intramolecular disulfide bonds forming a cystine knot. In order to explore the potential of the EETI-II peptide to serve as a structural scaffold for the presentation of randomized oligopeptides, we constructed two EETI-II derivatives, where the six-residue inhibitor loop was replaced by a 13-residue epitope of Sendai virus L-protein and by a 17-residue epitope from human bone Gla-protein. EETI-II and derived variants were produced via fusion to maltose binding protein MalE. By secretion of the fusion into the periplasmic space, fully oxidized and correctly folded EETI-II was obtained in high yield. EETI-II and derived variants could be presented on the Escherichia coli outer membrane by fusion to truncated Lpp'-OmpA', which comprises the first nine residues of mature lipoprotein plus the membrane spanning beta-strand from residues 46-66 of OmpA protein. Gene expression was under control of the strong and tightly regulated tetA promoter/operator. Cell viability was found to be drastically reduced by high level expression of Lpp'-OmpA'-EETI-II fusion protein. To restore cell viability, net accumulation of fusion protein in the outer membrane was reduced to a tolerable level by introduction of an amber codon at position 9 of the lpp' sequence and utilizing an amber suppressor strain as expression host. Cells expressing EETI-II variants containing an epitope were shown to be surface labeled with the respective monoclonal antibody by indirect immunofluorescence corroborating the cell surface exposure of the epitope sequences embedded in the EETI-II cystine knot scaffold. Cells displaying a particular epitope sequence could be enriched 10(7)-fold by combining magnetic cell sorting with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. These results demonstrate that E.coli cell surface display of conformationally constrained peptides tethered to the EETI-II cystine knot scaffold has the potential to become an effective technique for the rapid isolation of small peptide molecules from combinatorial libraries that bind with high affinity to acceptor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christmann
- Abteilung für Molekulare Genetik und Präparative Molekularbiologie, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Georg-August-Universität, Grisebachstrasse 8, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Wentzel A, Christmann A, Krätzner R, Kolmar H. Sequence requirements of the GPNG beta-turn of the Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II explored by combinatorial library screening. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:21037-43. [PMID: 10409654 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.30.21037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II) contains 28 amino acids and three disulfides forming a cystine knot. Reduced EETI-II refolds spontaneously and quantitatively in vitro and regains its native structure. Due to its high propensity to form a reverse turn, the GPNG sequence of segment 22-25 comprising a beta-turn in native EETI-II is a possible candidate for a folding initiation site. We generated a molecular repertoire of EETI-II variants with variegated 22-25 tetrapeptide sequences and presented these proteins on the outer membrane of Escherichia coli cells via fusion to the Iga(beta) autotransporter. Functional trypsin-binding variants were selected by combination of magnetic and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. At least 1-5% of all possible tetrapeptide sequences were compatible with formation of the correct three disulfides. Occurrence of amino acid residues in functional variants is positively correlated with their propensity to be generally found in beta-turns. The folding pathway of two selected variants, EETI-beta(NEDE) and EETI-beta(TNNK), was found to be indistinguishable from EETI-II and occurs through formation of a stable 2-disulfide intermediate. Substantial amounts of misfolded byproducts, however, were obtained upon refolding of these variants corroborating the importance of the wild type EETI-II GPNG sequence to direct quantitative formation of the cystine knot architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wentzel
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Preparative Molecular Biology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, 37077 Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany
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Jaeger HJ, Kolb S, Mair T, Geller M, Christmann A, Kinne RK, Mathias KD. In vitro model for the evaluation of inferior vena cava filters: effect of experimental parameters on thrombus-capturing efficacy of the Vena Tech-LGM filter. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1998; 9:295-304. [PMID: 9540914 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-0443(98)70272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the experimental parameters in an in vitro model that influence the thrombus-capturing efficacy of the Vena Tech-LGM filter. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Vena Tech-LGM filter was evaluated in an in vitro model of the vena cava with a computer-controlled flow system with a total of 5,200 thrombi. The influences of the following experimental parameters on the capture rate were analyzed with a multiple logistic regression model: type of testing (single, double, and multiple shot testing), thrombus diameter and length, IVC diameter and orientation, flow quality and quantity, flow velocity, and the length of the prepositioned thrombus. RESULTS A significant influence on the capture rate could be demonstrated for the type of testing, the thrombus diameter and length, the IVC diameter, and with double shot testing for the length of the prepositioned thrombus and the IVC orientation. The flow quality and the peak velocity were not significant. Based on these results, a protocol for in vitro testing of IVC filters was designed. CONCLUSIONS Experimental parameters influence the thrombus-capturing efficacy of the Vena Tech-LGM filter and should be taken into account when in vitro testing is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Jaeger
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Städtische Kliniken Dortmund, Germany
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Jaeger HJ, Mair T, Geller M, Kinne RK, Christmann A, Mathias KD. A physiologic in vitro model of the inferior vena cava with a computer-controlled flow system for testing of inferior vena cava filters. Invest Radiol 1997; 32:511-22. [PMID: 9291039 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-199709000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The authors develop a physiologic in vitro model of the inferior vena cava (IVC) for testing of filters. METHODS The model is driven by a centrifugal pump. A computer-controlled electromagnetic valve is used for generation of different flow patterns. Limitation of the pressure increase in case of IVC occlusion is achieved by a bypass circuit. A glycerin solution is used for perfusion. Artificial clots are made from polyacrylamide gel. Data acquisition includes continuous monitoring of flow and difference pressure over the filter and video recording of the testing events. RESULTS The model can generate constant and pulsatile flows. The pressure increase can be limited to 70 mm Hg in case of occlusion. Calculation of the flow velocities in the IVC is possible. A classification of thrombus capturing is presented. The testing of most of the results are reproducible. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro model simulates the physiologic conditions in the IVC. It can be used for comparative testing of different filters and the evaluation of new filter designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Jaeger
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Städtische Kliniken Dortmund, Germany
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Frank N, Christmann A, Frei E. Comparative studies on the pharmacokinetics of hydrophilic prolinedithiocarbamate, sarcosinedithiocarbamate and the less hydrophilic diethyldithiocarbamate. Toxicology 1995; 95:113-22. [PMID: 7529951 DOI: 10.1016/0300-483x(94)02890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of the antitoxic and anticarcinogenic compounds diethyldithiocarbamate, prolinedithiocarbamate and sarcosinedithiocarbamate were compared in rats. The bioavailability, the distribution in the organism, the oxidation to thiuramdisulfides, the cleavage to CS2 and the excretion in urine and bile were investigated. The results showed different behaviour of the three compounds. The more toxic diethyldithiocarbamate had a short in vivo half-life, was oxidized to tetraethylthiuramdisulfide in blood, and was metabolized to high yields of CS2 in 24 h. In contrast, prolinedithiocarbamate was more stable in vivo, was found predominantly in the urinary tract and was excreted in urine. The differences could not be explained by the presence of the carboxy group in the latter dithiocarbamate, since sarcosinedithiocarbamate, which also contains a carboxy group, behaved like diethyldithiocarbamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Frank
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Molecular Toxicology, Heidelberg
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Bettink S, Wullich B, Christmann A, Zwergel T, Zang KD, Unteregger G. Genetic heterogeneity of prostatic carcinoma-derived cell lines as emphasized by DNA fingerprinting. Electrophoresis 1992; 13:644-6. [PMID: 1459081 DOI: 10.1002/elps.11501301133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate genetic heterogeneity during in vitro cultivation of human prostatic carcinomas following radical prostatectomy we performed DNA fingerprinting using the digoxygenin-labeled probes (GACA)4 and (GTG)5. DNA was isolated from fresh material stemming from different areas within one tumor and from cell cultures of the same material. The patterns which were obtained by the nucleolar organizer region (NOR)-specific probe (GACA)4 exhibit only a few prominent low molecular mass bands and no differences were observed between any of the tumors analyzed so far. Changes in the fingerprint pattern occurred between cell cultures derived from different areas within one tumor when the DNA was cleaved by HaeIII and signals detected with the (GTG)5 probe. The "area-specific" pattern was stable during several subcultivations of these cell lines, indicating genetic stability of these prostatic carcinoma cells in vitro. Thus individual cell lines derived from radical prostatectomy seem to represent a biological system very close to the situation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bettink
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of the Saar, Homburg, Germany
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Christmann A, Lagoda PJ, Zang KD. Non-radioactive in situ hybridization pattern of the M13 minisatellite sequences on human metaphase chromosomes. Hum Genet 1991; 86:487-90. [PMID: 2016089 DOI: 10.1007/bf00194639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A classical minisatellite family, the M13 tandem repeat, is shown here to be spread over all human chromosomes. M13 shows an R-band-like pattern, in contrast to the 33.15 family of Jefferys, which preferentially clusters in the telomeric regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Christmann
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Federal Republic of Germany
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Kaszkin M, Kinzel V, Maly K, Bichler I, Lang F, Grunicke HH, Pepperkok R, Jakobi R, Lorenz P, Ansorge W, Pyerin W, Borowski P, Harbers M, Ludwig A, Kischel T, Hilz H, Eckert K, Granetzny A, Fischer J, Grosse R, Manch V, Wehner S, Kornhuber B, Ebener U, Müller-Decker K, Fürstenberger G, Vogt I, Marks F, Graschew G, Küsel A, Hull W, Lorenz W, Thielmann HW, Degen GH, Freyberger A, Müller A, Linscheid M, Hindermeier U, Jorritsma U, Golka K, Föllmann W, Peter H, Bolt HM, Monnerjahn S, Phillips DN, Never A, Seidel A, Glatt AR, Wiench K, Frei E, Schroth P, Wiessler M, Schäfer T, Hergenhahn M, Hecker E, Proft D, Bartholmes P, Bagewadikar RS, Bertram B, Frank N, Leibersperger H, Gschwendt M, Marks F, Fasco S, Plein P, Schiess K, Seidler L, Jacobi T, Besemfelder E, Stephan M, Lehmann WD, Grell M, Thoma B, Scheurich P, Meyer M, Grunicke H, Jaques G, Wegmann B, Ravemann K, Popanda O, Thielmann HW, Voss H, Wirkner U, Werner D, Strand D, Kalmes A, Walther HP, Mechler B, Schirrmacher SV, Kinzel V, Hess R, Hanagarth HG, Hässler C, Brandner G, Ertel C, Gückel B, Schirrmacher V, Kyewski BA, Bogdahn U, Jachimczak P, Schneider J, Brysch W, Schlingensiepen W, Drenkard D, Behl C, Winkler J, Apfel R, Meixensberger J, Stulle K, Marquardt P, Vollmers HP, Müller J, Müller-Hermelink HK, Schuermann M, Seemann G, Ptok A, Ptok M, Carey TE, Steffen M, Nitz UC, Everding B, Hölzel F, Kantwerk-Funke G, Boll G, Zänker KS, Everding B, Steffen M, Hölzel P, Heymanns J, Hennig C, Rotsch M, Havemann K, Fischer JR, Stehr S, Lahm H, Drings P, Krammer PH, Kirsch M, Strubel A, Kist A, Hinn R, Fischer H, Buttler A, Schackert G, Friedenauer S, Lindner D, Marczynski B, Karcls H, Goergens HW, Epe B, Müller E, Schütze D, Boiteux S, Eder E, Deininger C, Hoffman C, Scherer E, Vermeulen E, van Kranen HJ, Bax J, Woutersen RA, van Kreijl CF, Schurich B, Hagedorn H, Kamp E, Eisenbrand G, Spiegelhalder B, Bolm-Audorff U, Bienfait HG, Preussmann R, Wacker CD, Preussmann R, Kehl H, Spiegelhalder B, Akkan Z, Ries J, Meger M, Shephard SE, Gunz D, Lutz WK, Tricker AR, Kurnar R, Siddiqi M, Mende P, Pfundstein B, Scholl A, Janzowski C, Jacob D, Goelzer P, Henn I, Zankl H, Zimlich KH, Gansewendt B, Thier R, Schroeder KR, Hallier E, Moeckel G, Heiden W, Waldherr-Teschner M, Brickmann J, Roeser H, Krauter G, Scherer G, Krätschmer A, Hauenstein H, Adlkofer F, Fernando RC, Schmeiser HH, Nicklas W, Pfau W, Phillips DH, Scheckenbach S, Cantoreggi S, Leutbecher M, Ottenwälder H, Föst U, Baumgart PM, Kliem HC, Data S, Pfeiffer C, Fuchs A, Schmezer P, Kuchenmeister F, Pool-Zober BL, Liegibel UM, Pool-Zobel BL, Steeb L, Friesel H, Schneider T, Scherf HR, Buchmann A, Bauer-Hofmann R, Mahr J, Schwarz M, Schmidt R, Rippmann F, Steinbauer B, Zlfu P, Bunk B, Hefter W, Klinga K, Berger MR, Robertson LW, Luebeck G, Moolgavkar S, Torsten U, Kowalczyk-Wagner M, Weitzel H, Zechel C, Peters H, Anders F, Ambs S, Kirchner T, Neumann HG, Einig C, Eigenbrodt E, Oesterle D, Deml E, Weisse G, Gerbracht U, Stumpf H, Filsingcr E, Bannasch P, Muster W, Cikryt P, Münzel P, Röhrdanz E, Bock KW, Lipp HP, Wiesmüller T, Hagenmaier H, Schrenk D, Karger A, Bauer G, Höfler P, Götschl M, Viesel E, Jürgensmeier J, Schaefer D, Picht G, Kiefer J, Krieg P, Schnapke R, Feil S, Wagner E, Schleenbecker U, Anders A, Gross MM, Unger S, Stanbridge EJ, Boukamp P, Pascheberg U, Fusenig NE, Abken H, Weidle UH, Grummt F, Willecke K, Schäfer R, Hajnal A, Balmer I, Klemenz R, Goretzki PE, Reishaus H, Demeure M, Haubruck H, Lyons J, Röher HD, Trouliaris S, Hadwiger-Fangmeier A, Simon E, Niemann H, Tamura T, Westphal G, Turner E, Karels H, Blaszkewicz M, Stopper H, Schiffmann D, De Boni U, Schuler M, Schnitzler R, Metzler M, Pfeiffer E, Aulenbacher R, Langhof T, Schröder KR, Saal K, Müller-Hermelink HK, Henn W, Seitz G, Lagoda P, Christmann A, Blin N, Welter C, Adam D, Fömzler D, Winkler C, Mäueler W, Schartl M, Theisinger B, Schüder G, Rüther U, Nunnensiek C, Müller HAG, Rupp W, Lüthgens M, Jipp P, Kinzler I, Gulich M, Seidel HJ, Clark OH, McCormick F, Bourne HR, Gieseler F, Boege F, Biersack H, Spohn B, Clark M, Wilms K, Boege F, Gieseler F, Biersack H, Clark M, Wllms K, Polack A, Strobl L, Feederle R, Schweizer M, Eick D, Bornkamm GW, Kopun M, Scherthan H, Granzow C, Janiaud P, Rueß D, Mechler BM, Strauss PG, Erfle V, Fritsche M, Haessler C, Christiansen H, Schestag J, Christiansen NM, Lampert F, Schulz WA, Hasse A, Sies H, Orend G, Kuhlmann I, Doerfler W, Behn-Krappa A, Hölker I, Sandaradura de Silva U, Smola U, Hennig D, Hadviger-Fangmeier A, Schütz B, Kerler R, Rabes HM, Dölken G, Fauser AA, Kerkert R, Ragoczy U, Fritzen R, Lange W, Finke J, Nowicki B, Schalipp E, Siegert W, Mertelsmann R, Schilling U, Sinn HJ, Maier-Borst W, Friedrich EA, Löhde E, Lück M, Raude H, Schlicker H, Barzen G, Kraas E, Milleck J, Keymer R, Störkel S, Reichert T, Steinbach F, Lippold R, Thoenes W, Wagner W, Reiffen KA, Bardosi A, Brkovic D, Gabius HJ, Brandt B, Jackisch C, Seitzer D, Hillebrand M, Habermann FA, Rabes HM, Zeindl-Eberhart, Evelyn, Robl C, Röttgen V, Nowak C, Richter-Reichhelm HB, Waldmann V, Suchy B, Zietz C, Sarafoff M, Ostermayr R, Rabes HM, Lorenz J, Friedberg T, Paulus W, Ferlinz R, Oesch F, Jähde E, Glüsenkamp KH, Tietze LF, Rajewsky MF, Chen G, Hutter KJ, Bullerdiek J, Zeller WJ, Schirner M, Schneider MR, Zbu P, Gebelein M, Naser-Hijazi B, Hynes NE, Reinhardt M, Heyl P, Schmähl D, Presek P, Liebenhoff U, Findik D, Hartmann GH, Fischer H, Kliesch C, Schackert G, Albert F, Kunze S, Wannnenmacher M, Boese-Landgraf J, Lorenz E, Albrecht D, Dulce M, Aigner KR, Thiem N, Müller H, Leonardi M, Bogdahn U, Justh A, Drenkard D, Lutz M, Apfel R, Behl C, Lang E, Lieth CWVD, Sinn H, Betsch BR, Hengstler JG, Fuchs J, Oesch F, Busch FJ, Cato ABC, Schied G, Tang W, Bogdahn U, Richter B, Schaefer C, Kelleher DK, Vaupel P, Mundt D, Bartsch HH, Meden H, Meyer M, Vehmeyer K, Mull R, Kuhn W, Hoffmann S, Berger D, Fiebig H, Moog C, Luu B, Frühauf S, Keppler BK, Galeano A, Valenzuela-Paz P, Klenner T, 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Absract. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01625409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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