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Bigonha J, Paes JDP, Haikel MMR, Augusto G, Borges EI, Coelho AVK, Silva SMCA, Neto HRS, Rocha AJ. LEUCOENCEFALOPATIA MULTIFOCAL PROGRESSIVA ASSOCIADA AO DARATUMUMABE EM PACIENTE COM MIELOMA MÚLTIPLO. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sequerra EB, Rocha AJ, de Medeiros GOC, Neto MM, Maia CRS, Arrais NMR, Bezerra M, Jeronimo SMB, Barros AK, Sousa PS, Nogueira de Melo A, Queiroz CM. Association between brain morphology and electrophysiological features in Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: A cross-sectional, observational study. EClinicalMedicine 2020; 26:100508. [PMID: 33089122 PMCID: PMC7565198 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine infection with the Zika virus (ZIKV) has been connected to severe brain malformations, microcephaly, and abnormal electrophysiological activity. METHODS We describe the interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of 47 children born with ZIKV-derived microcephaly. EEGs were recorded in the first year of life and correlated with brain morphology. In 31 subjects, we tested the association between computed tomography (CT) findings and interictal epileptiform discharges (IED). In eighteen, CTs were used for correlating volumetric measurements of the brainstem, cerebellum, and prosencephalon with the rate of IED. FINDINGS Twenty-nine out of 47 (62%) subjects were diagnosed as having epilepsy. Those subjects presented epileptiform discharges, including unilateral interictal spikes (26/29, 90%), bilateral synchronous and asynchronous interictal spikes (21/29, 72%), and hypsarrhythmia (12/29, 41%). Interestingly, 58% of subjects with clinical epilepsy were born with rhombencephalon malformations, while none of the subjects without epilepsy showed macroscopic abnormalities in this region. The presence of rhombencephalon malformation was associated with epilepsy (odds ratio of 34; 95% CI: 2 - 654). Also, the presence of IED was associated with smaller brain volumes. Age-corrected total brain volume was inversely correlated with the rate of IED during sleep. Finally, 11 of 44 (25%) subjects presented sleep spindles. We observed an odds ratio of 0·25 (95% CI: 0·06 - 1·04) for having sleep spindles given the IED presence. INTERPRETATION The findings suggest that certain CT imaging features are associated with an increased likelihood of developing epilepsy, including higher rates of IED and impaired development of sleep spindles, in the first year of life of CZVS subjects. FUNDING This work was supported by the Brazilian Federal Government through a postdoctoral fellowship for EBS (Talented Youth, Science without Borders), an undergraduate scholarship for AJR (Institutional Program of Science Initiation Scholarships, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil), by International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CRP/BRA18-05_EC) and by CAPES (Grant number 440893/2016-0), and CNPq (Grant number 88881.130729/2016-01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo B Sequerra
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-450 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio J Rocha
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-450 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Galtieri O C de Medeiros
- Imaging Diagnostic Center, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Manuel M Neto
- Imaging Diagnostic Center, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Claudia R S Maia
- Department of Pediatrics, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Nívia M R Arrais
- Department of Pediatrics, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Mylena Bezerra
- Department of Pediatrics, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Selma M B Jeronimo
- Institute of Tropical Medicine of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-450 Natal, RN, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Tropical Diseases, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Allan Kardec Barros
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Maranhão, 65080-040 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Sousa
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-450 Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Maranhão, 65080-040 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Aurea Nogueira de Melo
- Department of Pediatrics, Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-300 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Claudio M Queiroz
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-450 Natal, RN, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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Pedroso JL, Barsottini OG, Knobel M, Handfas BW, Rocha AJ, Knobel E. Pontine calcification in late stage cerebellar multiple system atrophy: a marker of synucleinopathy neurodegeneration? Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2017; 75:833-834. [PMID: 29236831 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20170142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luiz Pedroso
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade de Ataxia, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Orlando G Barsottini
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Unidade de Ataxia, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Knobel
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | | | - Antonio J Rocha
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Divisão de Radiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Elias Knobel
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo SP, Brasil
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Alves HCBR, Pacheco FT, Rocha AJ. Collateral blood vessels in acute ischemic stroke: a physiological window to predict future outcomes. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2016; 74:662-70. [PMID: 27224313 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Collateral circulation is a physiologic pathway that protects the brain against ischemic injury and can potentially bypass the effect of a blocked artery, thereby influencing ischemic lesion size and growth. Several recent stroke trials have provided information about the role of collaterals in stroke pathophysiology, and collateral perfusion has been recognized to influence arterial recanalization, reperfusion, hemorrhagic transformation, and neurological outcomes after stroke. Our current aim is to summarize the anatomy and physiology of the collateral circulation and to present and discuss a comprehensible review of the related knowledge, particularly the effects of collateral circulation on the time course of ischemic injury and stroke severity, as well as imaging findings and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor Castelo Branco Rodrigues Alves
- Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil;,Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Felipe Torres Pacheco
- Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil;,Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Antonio J Rocha
- Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil;,Fleury Medicina e Saúde, Divisao de Neuroradiologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil
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Wallner-Blazek M, Rovira A, Fillipp M, Rocca MA, Miller DH, Schmierer K, Frederiksen J, Gass A, Gama H, Tilbery CP, Rocha AJ, Flores J, Barkhof F, Seewann A, Palace J, Yousry T, Montalban X, Enzinger C, Fazekas F. Atypical idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating lesions: prognostic implications and relation to multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2013; 260:2016-22. [PMID: 23620065 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-6918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atypical lesions of a presumably idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating origin present quite variably and may pose diagnostic problems. The subsequent clinical course is also uncertain. We, therefore, wanted to clarify if atypical idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating lesions (AIIDLs) can be classified according to previously suggested radiologic characteristics and how this classification relates to prognosis. Searching the databases of eight tertiary referral centres we identified 90 adult patients (61 women, 29 men; mean age 34 years) with ≥ 1 AIIDL. We collected their demographic, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging data and obtained follow-up (FU) information on 77 of these patients over a mean duration of 4 years. The AIIDLs presented as a single lesion in 72 (80 %) patients and exhibited an infiltrative (n = 35), megacystic (n = 16), Baló (n = 10) or ring-like (n = 16) lesion appearance in 77 (86 %) patients. Additional multiple sclerosis (MS)-typical lesions existed in 48 (53 %) patients. During FU, a further clinical attack occurred rarely (23-35 % of patients) except for patients with ring-like AIIDLs (62 %). Further attacks were also significantly more often in patients with coexisting MS-typical lesions (41 vs. 10 %, p < 0.005). New AIIDLs developed in six (7 %), and new MS-typical lesions in 29 (42 %) patients. Our findings confirm the previously reported subtypes of AIIDLs. Most types confer a relatively low risk of further clinical attacks, except for ring-like lesions and the combination with MS-typical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Wallner-Blazek
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Rocha AJ, Silva CJ, Leopoldino JFS, Andrade VP. Intracerebral amyloidoma: imaging findings might support preoperative diagnosis. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr 2011; 69:413. [PMID: 21625781 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2011000300033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gonzalez-Toledo E, Santos Andrade C, Da Costa Leite C, Del Carpio-O'Donovan R, Fayed N, Morales H, Peterson R, Palacios E, Previgliano CH, Rocha AJ, Romero JM, Rugilo C, Staut CCV, Tamer I, Tavares Lucato L, Nader M. An Atlas of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the Central Nervous System. A Cooperative Study of SILAN (Sociedad Iberolatinoamericana de Neurorradiologia). Neuroradiol J 2010; 23:554-73. [PMID: 24148677 DOI: 10.1177/197140091002300505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system vary in frequency in different locations in America and Europe. What is common in Brazil can be a sporadic presentation in Europe. Cooperative work gathering experiences from neuroradiologists working in various places can be achieved and will help to identify uncommon cases that can present in our daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gonzalez-Toledo
- Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Shreveport; USA -
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Aquino RTR, Magliari MER, Vital Filho J, Silva MALG, Lima CADC, Rocha AJ, Silva CJ, Rewin JA, Nahas TR, Chieffi PP. Lagochilascariasis leading to severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2009; 50:355-8. [PMID: 19082379 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652008000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A case report of a 31 year-old woman from Paraíba State (North-Eastern Brazil) that presented severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges. Diagnosis was established after enucleation of her left eye, when adult worms were seen in the midst of a granulomatous inflammatory process. Her response to the initial treatment with levamisole and cambendazole was good, but there was a relapse after the fifth month of treatment even with maintenance doses of both medications. She later received ivermectin and albendazol and responded well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata T R Aquino
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
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Abstract
A 54 year-old female has a clinical diagnosis of chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH) according to IHS-criteria (2004) three years ago. Six months after that, she developed symptoms compatible with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) involving the second and third trigeminal territories also at the left side. Cranial and cervical spine resonance magnetic images showed extensive cervical syringomyelia that included nucleus caudalis (C2 level) region and a posterior fossa Chiari I malformation without hydrocephalus. The association between CPH and TN is called chronic paroxysmal hemicrania-tic syndrome (CPH-tic). This is the first clinical description of a secondary cause of CPH-tic syndrome in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Monzillo
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine of Santa Casa of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Barsottini OGP, Ferraz HB, Maia ACM, Silva CJ, Rocha AJ. Differentiation of Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy with magnetic resonance imaging: the first Brazilian experience. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007; 13:389-93. [PMID: 17275393 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2006.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 12/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to differentiate PSP from Parkinson's disease through magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS We included 14 consecutive patients with PD (9) or PSP (5). These measures included the third ventricle, midbrain diameter, quadrigeminal plate, brainstem volumetry, and interpeduncular angle. RESULTS Patients with PSP presented enlargement of third ventricle (100% vs. 33%), lower midbrain diameter (mean 13.2 +/- 1.7 mm vs. 16.5 +/- 1.7 mm) and thinning of the quadrigeminal plate (mean 2.7 +/- 0.3 mm vs. 3.6 +/- 0.3 mm) in comparison with PD. CONCLUSIONS Characteristic findings on MRI may help to differentiate PD from PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando G P Barsottini
- Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Cabedelo, 265 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Felix MM, Castro LHM, Maia ACM, Rocha AJ. Evidence of Acute Ischemic Tissue Change in Transient Global Amnesia in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Case Report and Literature Review. J Neuroimaging 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2005.tb00309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Longui CA, Rocha AJ, Menezes DMB, Leite FM, Calliari LEP, Kochi C, Monte O. Fast acquisition sagittal T1 magnetic resonance imaging (FAST1-MRI): a new imaging approach for the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2004; 17:1111-4. [PMID: 15379423 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2004.17.8.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an established standard method to investigate the etiology of pituitary insufficiency. Among the anatomic abnormalities usually observed, ectopic hyperintense signal on T1 sequence is the most frequently associated with pituitary dysfunction. We developed a new protocol (FAST1-MRI) which is able to detect anatomic hypothalamic-pituitary abnormalities with 100% concordance when compared to the routine MRI protocol. FAST1-MRI takes only 3.25 minutes, and is performed without contrast, sedation or anesthesia. We studied 17 controls and 31 patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency (18/31 with abnormal MRI). Patients with ectopic hyperintense signal were shorter in height, had lower IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels, and reduced GH response after clonidine. In conclusion, we describe a new simplified MRI protocol that we propose should be used in the diagnosis of GH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Longui
- Department of Pediatrics, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculty of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Martins JRM, Furlanetto RP, Oliveira LM, Mendes A, Passerotti CC, Chiamolera MI, Rocha AJ, Manso PG, Nader HB, Dietrich CP, Maciel RMB. Comparison of practical methods for urinary glycosaminoglycans and serum hyaluronan with clinical activity scores in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2004; 60:726-33. [PMID: 15163337 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunosuppressive treatment of Graves' opthalmopathy (GO) should be restricted to patients with active eye disease, but assessing disease activity is difficult. Several methods to evaluate GO activity have been introduced, but none of them is satisfactory. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are complex polysaccharides that participate on the pathogenesis of GO and attempts to correlate its local increase to urinary GAGs (uGAGs) or serum hyaluronan (sHA) have been made, but the available techniques are labourious, time-consuming and difficult for routine use. The aim of the present study is to develop practical and simple methods for uGAGs and sHA and compare them to the activity and severity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We developed a microelectrophoresis technique for uGAGs and a fluoroassay for sHA and assessed each in 152 patients with Graves' disease, 25 without GO and 127 with GO, classified according to the Clinical Activity Score (CAS). All patients had been euthyroid for > 2 months. RESULTS Patients with inactive disease (CAS = 2, n = 100) had uGAGs (4.2 +/- 1.3 micro g/mg/creatinine) and sHA (11.1 +/- 7.2 micro g/l) that did not differ from normal subjects (3.1 +/- 1.1 micro g/mg/creatinine, n = 138 and 13.9 +/- 9.6 micro g/l, n = 395). In contrast, patients with active eye disease (CAS = 3, n = 27) had uGAGs (8.4 +/- 2.7 micro g/mg/creatinine) and sHA (32.3 +/- 17.8 micro g/l) 2-3 times higher than those patients with inactive eye disease. Using a cut-off of 6.1 micro g/mg creatinine for uGAGs and 20.7 micro g/l for sHA we found, respectively, 85% and 81% sensitivity and 93% and 91% specificity for each test. The positive and negative predictive values were 77% and 96% for uGAGs and 71% and 95% for sHA. CONCLUSION Employing these two new methods we have established a significant relationship between the levels of uGAGs and/or sHA and the clinical activity of GO. Therefore, together with CAS, uGAGs determination, and, to a lesser degree, sHA, would be very useful in the discrimination from active and inactive ocular disease and aid in deciding on the best therapy for GO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R M Martins
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperprolactinaemia is caused by high levels of monomeric, dimeric or macro forms of prolactin in circulation, the monomeric form being predominant in patients with prolactinomas. Macroprolactinaemia, however, is common and is associated with asymptomatic cases. In this study, we reviewed our records regarding clinical and imaging investigations in patients who were found to have hyperprolactinaemia predominantly due to the presence of macroprolactin and compared them with the findings observed in patients whose prolactin molecular size consisted predominantly of the monomeric form. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 113 consecutive patients (nine men and 104 women, aged 19-67 years, median age 39 years) with hyperprolactinaemia who were screened for the presence of macroprolactin by polyethylene glycol precipitation and/or chromatography and submitted to pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computerized tomography (CT). RESULTS Fifty-two of 113 patients (46%) had hyperprolactinaemia due to macroprolactin, whereas the remaining 61 patients (54%) had their hyperprolactinaemia confirmed by the predominance of the monomeric form. Both groups shared similar mean prolactin levels (79.9 +/- 63.6 micro g/l, median of 62.0 micro g/l, and 97.9 +/- 155.4 micro g/l, median of 61.0 micro g/l, respectively). Of the patients with macroprolactinaemia, 46% had no symptoms of hyperprolactinaemia, whereas only 10% of the patients who screened negative for macroprolactin were asymptomatic. There was an association between macroprolactinaemia and negative pituitary imaging findings: normal pituitary images were found in 78.9% of patients who had macroprolactinaemia and in 25% of patients with monomeric hyperprolactinaemia. In addition, none of the patients with macroprolactinoma (seven cases) had macroprolactinaemia. CONCLUSIONS The presence of macroprolactinaemia does not exclude the possibility of a pituitary adenoma and consequently may not prevent pituitary imaging studies. However, our data demonstrate that all asymptomatic patients who screened positive for macroprolactin had normal pituitary imaging studies. Patient samples showing hyperprolactinaemia should be first tested for macroprolactin, before the patient is submitted to imaging studies. We suggest that imaging studies should be ordered in patients with macroprolactinaemia when indicated by clinically relevant features. As a result, unnecessary anxiety and costly medical procedures may be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Hauache
- Department of Endocrinology, Fleury Diagnostic Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lozano P, Iborra JL, Rocha AJ. Cryo-enzymatic synthesis of kyotorphin in saline environments. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1994; 33:91-7. [PMID: 8081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect of six different alkali halides (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, LiBr, NaBr and KBr) on kyotorphin ethyl ester synthesis catalyzed by alpha-chymotrypsin has been studied in aqueous media at low temperature (3 degrees C). The results showed an enhancement on the synthetic activity of the enzyme by the presence of salts, proportionally to salt concentration. Water activity was shown as a key parameter in the control of the enzyme synthetic action in the saline media, being the influence of the assayed salts independent of the nature of ions. In all cases, the decrease in the reaction temperature to subzero values (-20 degrees C) reported a proportional increase in the selectivity of the peptide synthesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, España
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Berman JW, Rocha AJ, Basch R. Restriction length polymorphism in the variable region of the Tcr locus linked to histocompatibility antigen H-8 on murine chromosome 14. Immunogenetics 1986; 24:328-30. [PMID: 2877946 DOI: 10.1007/bf00395539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Goodwin LO, Rocha AJ, Basch RS. Isolation of cell lines possessing functional and serological properties resembling those of thymocyte precursors. Nature 1986; 323:166-9. [PMID: 3489189 DOI: 10.1038/323166a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thymocytes develop from a committed haematopoietic progenitor, referred to as a prothymocyte. They are uniquely capable of migrating to and restoring the thymus of a lethally irradiated host, a property which has been exploited as a specific assay for these cells. Like other committed haematopoietic progenitors, prothymocytes are found only in small numbers in even the richest sources (0.05-1.0% of the nucleated cells in bone marrow). Purification has proved difficult both in terms of finding a suitable starting material and in the degree of enrichment achieved. We now report the isolation of cloned lines of cells with some of the serological and functional properties of prothymocytes. One of these lines has been in continuous culture for almost 2 years. When injected into irradiated recipients, cells from this line migrate to the thymus and there develop into cells which resemble normal cortical thymocytes.
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