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Wu Q, Liu Y, Liang J, Dai A, Du B, Xi X, Jin L, Guo Y. Baricitinib relieves DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by suppressing the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:849-861. [PMID: 38227095 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing inflammatory disease with a unique aetiology. The treatment of UC is challenging, and the current clinical therapeutics for colitis have limited efficacy. Thus, finding new and effective treatment options remains urgent. Baricitinib, an inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK), has been clinically used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its potential effects on UC have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of baricitinib on UC and its underlying mechanism. Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced murine model of chronic colitis was used to investigate the intervention efficacy following oral administration of baricitinib. The levels of key cytokines, such as IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-17A, were determined. Moreover, western blotting for IκBα, p-IκBα, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3 and p-STAT3 protein expression was performed to investigate the associated signalling pathways. Our findings demonstrated that baricitinib can significantly relieve DSS-induced UC in mice. After baricitinib intervention, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-17A levels were decreased both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the elevated expression levels of p-IκBα, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 were significantly reduced after treatment. Collectively, these results suggest that baricitinib is a potential therapeutic agent for alleviation of DSS-induced colitis. This study provides a method for subsequent investigations on potential curative drugs development of the for colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmeiqi Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Xi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Hao H, Shi B, Zhang J, Dai A, Li W, Chen H, Ji W, Gong C, Zhang C, Li J, Chen L, Yao B, Hu P, Yang H, Brosius J, Lai S, Shi Q, Deng C. The vertebrate- and testis- specific transmembrane protein C11ORF94 plays a critical role in sperm-oocyte membrane binding. Mol Biomed 2022; 3:27. [PMID: 36050562 PMCID: PMC9437168 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractSperm-oocyte membrane fusion is necessary for mammalian fertilization. The factors that determine the fusion of sperm with oocytes are largely unknown. So far, spermatozoon factor IZUMO1 and the IZUMO1 counter-receptor JUNO on the oocyte membrane has been identified as a protein requiring fusion. Some sperm membrane proteins such as FIMP, SPACA6 and TEME95, have been proved not to directly regulate fusion, but their knockout will affect the fusion process of sperm and oocytes. Here, we identified a novel gene C11orf94 encoding a testicular-specific small transmembrane protein that emerges in vertebrates likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer from bacteria and plays an indispensable role in sperm-oocyte binding. We demonstrated that the deletion of C11orf94 dramatically decreased male fertility in mice. Sperm from C11orf94-deficient mice could pass through the zona pellucida, but failed to bind to the oocyte membrane, thus accumulating in the perivitelline space. In consistence, when the sperm of C11orf94-deficient mice were microinjected into the oocyte cytoplasm, fertilized oocytes were obtained and developed normally to blastocysts. Proteomics analysis revealed that C11orf94 influenced the expression of multiple gene products known to be indispensable for sperm-oocyte binding and fusion, including IZUMO1, EQTN and CRISP1. Thus, our study indicated that C11ORF94 is a vertebrate- and testis-specific small transmembrane protein that plays a critical role in sperm binding to the oolemma.
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Gohil M, Hasenmayer D, Haines K, Jain A, Lewitt L, Sporici K, Dai A, Negorev D, Gonzalez V, Kulikovskaya I, Reynolds R, Migliaccio T, Brennan A, Colligon T, Russell A, Wang Z, June C, Siegel D, Levine B, Fraietta J, Jadlowsky J, Plesa G, Davis M. Process Development and Manufacturing: A SUPPLY CHAIN CRISIS STORY: CULTURE BAG SHORTAGE ENFORCED VALIDATION OF AN ALTERNATIVE EXPANSION SYSTEM FOR CAR T CELLS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Oner B, O’Neil Z, Howell J, Linnell J, Haubein N, Lewitt L, Eby P, Mackey S, McKenna S, Ngo S, Colligon T, Dai A, Brennan A, Plesa G, Siegel D. Process Development and Manufacturing: PHASED APPROACH TO DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LABVANTAGE HOSTED ELECTRONIC SAMPLE TRACKER PLATFORM. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00472-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Thunshelle C, Chowdhury T, Zaid M, Jaoude JA, Dai A, Kirimli E, Prakash L, Katz M, Tzeng C, Kim M, Wolff R, Pant S, Smaglo B, Ludmir E, Holliday E, Das P, Minsky B, Taniguchi C, Koong A, Koay E. Effect of Radiotherapy (RT) on Outcomes in Patients (Pts) With Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (BRPC, LAPC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gohil M, Xu J, McKee J, Rojas Levine J, Hasenmayer D, Eby P, Dai A, Mackey S, Jain A, Haines K, Koterba N, Kulikovskaya I, Gupta M, Chen F, Gonzalez V, Gabunia K, Scholler J, Young R, Siegel D, Levine B, Chew A, June C, Leskowitz R, Lacey S, Plesa G, Davis M. Large-scale manufacture of car T cells engineered with augmented proliferative capacity and function via a 3-day process. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921005491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thunshelle C, Zaid M, Jaoude JA, Chowdhury T, Dai A, Kouzy R, Mathew R, Prakash L, Katz M, Varadhachary G, Tamm E, Minsky B, Holliday E, Das P, Smith G, Herman J, Koong A, Taniguchi C, Koay E. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Tumor Interface Response as Predictors of Outcomes for Prospective Cohort of Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gladney W, Hexner E, Salas-McKee J, Fesnak A, Jadlowsky J, Plesa G, Leskowitz R, Chew A, Dai A, Gohil M, Xu J, Siegel D, Lacey S, Davis M, June C. Pre-clinical development of multiplex-CRISPR-edited cell and gene therapy products. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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JHA J, Dai A, Kennedy C, Ekinci E, Cooper M, Jandeleit-Dahm K. SUN-302 The Relative Roles of Pro-oxidant Ezymes Nox4 versus Nox5 in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Gohil M, Dai A, Mackey S, Negorev D, Hennesy N, O'Rourke M, Lamontagne A, Holland D, Leskowitz R, Xu J, Ozerova M, McKee J, Pequignot E, Siegel D, Schuster S, Svoboda J, Garfall A, Cohen A, Stadtmauer E, Gladney W, Levine B, Fraietta J, Davis M. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCS) reduce the manufacturing feasibilty of gene modified T cells. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Feng J, Shen B, He Z, Deng L, Dai A, Shen X, Chen L, Jiang H, Li X, Zhou G, Yu J, Yang L, Chen P, Zhuang M. Real world data about clinical efficacy and safety of apatinib in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Dai A, Huang S, Kuo S, Shu M, Tapia CP, Yu J, Two A, Zhang H, Gallo RL, Huang CM. Propionic acid and its esterified derivative suppress the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300. Benef Microbes 2014; 5:161-8. [PMID: 24686580 DOI: 10.3920/bm2013.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that Propionibacterium acnes, a human skin commensal bacterium, ferments glycerol into short-chain fatty acids, including propionic acid. Propionic acid suppressed the growth of Staphylococcus aureus USA300, a community-acquired methicillin-resistant bacterium, in vitro and in vivo. In this study, it is demonstrated that the anti-USA300 activity of propionic acid persisted after buffering the acid with 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1- piperazineethanesulfonic acid. This suggests that the growth suppression of USA300 mainly resulted from the antimicrobial activity of propionic acid per se and not from the acidity of the medium. In addition, proprionic acid significantly reduced the intracellular pH of USA300 and exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. P. acnes showed a higher tolerance to propionic acid. Next, an esterified derivative of propionic acid was synthesised. Propionic acid and the esterified derivative were equivalent in their efficacy to suppress the growth of USA300 in vitro. The esterified derivative thus provides an alternative to propionic acid as an antimicrobial agent against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - A Dai
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - S Huang
- Surface Bioadvances, Inc., 674 Via De La Valle, Solana Beach, CA 92075, USA
| | - S Kuo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - M Shu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - C P Tapia
- Programa de Microbiología y Micologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - J Yu
- Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - A Two
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - H Zhang
- BroadPharm, Inc., 9380 Waples Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - R L Gallo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - C-M Huang
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3525 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA Moores Cancer Center, University of California, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Karasu Y, Dilbaz B, Demir B, Dilbaz S, Secilmis Kerimoglu O, Ercan CM, Keskin U, Korkmaz C, Duru NK, Ergun A, de Zuniga I, Horton M, Oubina A, Scotti L, Abramovich D, Pascuali N, Tesone M, Parborell F, Bouzas N, Yang XH, Chen SL, Chen X, Ye DS, Zheng HY, Nyboe Andersen A, Lauritsen MP, Thuesen LL, Khodadadi M, Shivabasavaiah S, Mozafari R, Ansari Z, Hamdine O, Broekmans F, Eijkemans MJC, Cohlen BJ, Verhoeff A, van Dop PA, Bernardus RE, Lambalk CB, Oosterhuis GJE, Holleboom C, van den Dool-Maasland GC, Verburg HJ, van der Heijden PFM, Blankhart A, Fauser BCJM, Laven JSE, Macklon NS, Agudo D, Lopez C, Alonso M, Huguet E, Bronet F, Garcia-Velasco JA, Requena A, Gonzalez Comadran M, Checa MA, Duran M, Fabregues F, Carreras R, Ersahin A, Kahraman S, Kavrut M, Gorgen B, Acet M, Dokuzeylul N, Aybar F, Lim SY, Park JC, Bae JG, Kim JI, Rhee JH, Mahran A, Abdelmeged A, El-Adawy A, Eissa M, Darne J, Shaw RW, Amer SA, Dai A, Yan G, He Q, Hu Y, Sun H, Ferrero H, Gomez R, Garcia-Pascual CM, Simon C, Gaytan F, Pellicer A, Garcia Pascual CM, Zimmermann RC, Ferrero H, Simon C, Pellicer A, Gomez R, Madani T, Mohammadi Yeganeh L, Khodabakhshi SH, Akhoond MR, Hasani F, Monzo C, Haouzi D, Assou S, Dechaud H, Hamamah S, Amer S, Mahran M, Eissa M, Darne J, Shaw R, Lan V, Nhu G, Tuong H, Mahmoud Youssef MA, Aboulfoutouh I, Al-inany H, Van Der Veen F, Van Wely M, Zhang Q, Fang T, Wu S, Zhang L, Wang B, Li X, Yan G, Sun H, Hu Y, He Q, Ding L, Day A, Wang B, Yan G, Hu Y, Sun H, Zhang L, Fang T, Zhang Q, Wu S, Yan G, Sun H, Hu Y, Fulford B, Boivin J, Alanbay I, Ercan CM, Sakinci M, Coksuer H, Ozturk M, Tapan S, Chung CK, Chung Y, Seo S, Aksoy S, Yakin K, Caliskan S, Salar Z, Ata B, Urman B, Devroey P, Pellicer A, Nyboe Andersen A, Arce JC, Harrison K, Irving J, Osborn J, Harrison M, Fusi F, Arnoldi M, Cappato M, Galbignani E, Galimberti A, Zanga L, Frigerio L, Taghavi SA, Ashrafi M, Karimian L, Mehdizadeh M, Joghataie M, Aflatoonian R, Xu B, Cui YG, Gao LL, Diao FY, Li M, Liu XQ, Liu JY, Jiang F, Li M, Cui YG, Diao FY, Liu JY, Jee BC, Yi G, Kim JY, Suh CS, Kim SH, Liu S, Cui YG, Liu JY, Cai LB, Liu JJ, Ma X, Geenen E, Bots RSGM, Smeenk JMJ, Chang E, Lee W, Seok H, Kim Y, Han J, Yoon T, Lazaros L, Xita N, Zikopoulos K, Makrydimas G, Kaponis A, Sofikitis N, Stefos T, Hatzi E, Georgiou I, Atilgan R, Kumbak B, Sahin L, Ozkan ZS, Simsek M, Sapmaz E, Karacan M, Alwaeely FA, Cebi Z, Berberoglugil M, Ulug M, Camlibel T, Kavrut M, Kahraman S, Ersahin A, Acet M, Yelke H, Kamalak Z, Carlioglu A, Akdeniz D, Uysal S, Inegol Gumus I, Ozturk Turhan N, Regan S, Yovich J, Stanger J, Almahbobi G, Kara M, Aydin T, Turktekin N, Youssef M, Aboulfoutouh I, Al-Inany H, van der Veen F, van Wely M, Hart R, Doherty D, Frederiksen H, Keelan J, Pennell C, Newnham J, Skakkebaek N, Main K, Salem HT, Ismail AA, Viola M, Siebert TI, Steyn DW, Kruger TF, Robin G, Dewailly D, Thomas P, Leroy M, Lefebvre C, soudan B, Pigny P, Decanter C, ElPrince M, Wang F, Zhu Y, Huang H, Valdez Morales F, Vital Reyes V, Mendoza Rodriguez A, Gamboa Dominguez A, Cerbon M, Aizpurua J, Ramos B, Luehr B, Moragues I, Rogel S, Cil AP, Guler ZB, Kisa U, Albu A, Radian S, Grigorescu F, Albu D, Fica S, Al Boghdady L, Ghanem ME, Hassan M, Helal AS, Ozdogan S, Ozdegirmenci O, Dilbaz S, Demir B, Cinar O, Dilbaz B, Goktolga U, Seeber B, Tsybulyak I, Bottcher B, Grubinger T, Czech T, Wildt L, Wojcik J, Howles CM, Destenaves B, Arriagada P, Tavmergen E, Sahin G, Akdogan A, Levi R, Goker ENT, Thuesen LL, Loft A, Smitz J, Nyboe Andersen A, Ricciardi L, Di Florio C, Busacca M, Gagliano D, Immediata V, Selvaggi L, Romualdi D, Guido M, Bouhanna P, Salama S, Kamoud Z, Torre A, Paillusson B, Fuchs F, Bailly M, Wainer R, Tagliaferri V, Busacca M, Gagliano D, Di Florio C, Tartaglia C, Cirella E, Romualdi D, Guido M, Aflatoonian A, Eftekhar M, Mohammadian F, Yousefnejad F, De Cicco S, Gagliano D, Busacca M, Di Florio C, Immediata V, Campagna G, Romualdi D, Guido M, Depalo R, Lippolis C, Vacca M, Nardelli C, Selvaggi L, Cavallini A, Panic T, Mitulovic G, Franz M, Sator K, Tschugguel W, Pietrowski D, Hildebrandt T, Cupisti S, Giltay EJ, Gooren LJ, Oppelt PG, Hackl J, Reissmann C, Schulze C, Heusinger K, Attig M, Hoffmann I, Beckmann MW, Dittrich R, Mueller A, Sharma S, Singh S, Chakravarty A, Sarkar A, Rajani S, Chakravarty BN, Dilbaz S, Ozturk E, Ozdegirmenci O, Demir B, Isikoglu S, Kul S, Dilbaz B, Cinar O, Goktolga U, Eftekhar M, Aflatoonian A, Mohammadian F, Broekmans F, Hillensjo T, Witjes H, Elbers J, Mannaerts B, Gordon K, Krasnopolskaya K, Galaktionova A, Gorskaya O, Kabanova D, Venturella R, Morelli M, Mocciaro R, Capasso S, Cappiello F, Zullo F, Monterde M, Gomez R, Marzal A, Vega O, Rubio-Rubio JM, Diaz-Garcia C, Pellicer A, Gordon K, Kolibianakis E, Griesinger G, Yding Andersen C, Witjes H, Mannaerts B, Ocal P, Guralp O, Aydogan B, Irez T, Cetin M, Senol H, Erol N, Yding Andersen C, Kolibianakis E, Devroey P, Witjes H, Mannaerts B, Gordon K, Griesinger G, Rombauts L, Van Kuijk J, Mannaerts B, Montagut J, Nogueira D, Porcu G, Chomier M, Giorgetti C, Nicollet B, Degoy J, Lehert P, Alviggi C, De Rosa P, Vallone R, Picarelli S, Coppola M, Conforti A, Strina I, Di Carlo C, De Placido G, Hackl J, Cupisti S, Haeberle L, Schulze C, Hildebrandt T, Oppelt PG, Reissmann C, Heusinger K, Attig M, Hoffmann I, Dittrich R, Beckmann MW, Mueller A, Akdogan A, Demirtas O, Sahin G, Tavmergen E, Goker ENT, Fatemi H, Shapiro BS, Griesinger G, Witjes H, Gordon K, Mannaerts BM, Chimote MN, Mehta BN, Chimote NN, Nath NM, Chimote NM, Karia S, Bonifacio M, Bowman M, McArthur S, Jung J, Cho S, Choi Y, Lee B, Seo S, Lee KH, Kim CH, Kwon SK, Kim SH, Kang BM, Jung KS, Basios G, Trakakis E, Hatziagelaki E, Vaggopoulos V, Tsiavou A, Panagopoulos P, Chrelias C, Kassanos D, Sarhan A, Elsamanoudy A, Harira M, Dogan S, Bozdag G, Esinler I, Polat M, Yarali H. REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dai A, Temporal S, Schulz DJ. Cell-specific patterns of alternative splicing of voltage-gated ion channels in single identified neurons. Neuroscience 2010; 168:118-29. [PMID: 20211705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CbNa(v) and CbIH encode channels that carry voltage-gated sodium and hyperpolarization activated cation currents respectively in the crab, Cancer borealis. We cloned and sequenced full length cDNAs for both CbNa(v) and CbIH and found nine different regions of alternative splicing for the CbNa(v) gene and four regions of alternative splicing for CbIH. We used RT-PCR to determine tissue-specific differences in splicing of both channel genes among cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, brain, and stomatogastric ganglion (STG) tissue. We then examined the splice variant isoforms present in single, unambiguously identified neurons of the STG. We found cell-type specific patterns of alternative splicing for CbNa(v), indicating unique cell-specific pattern of post-transcriptional modification. Furthermore, we detected possible differences in cellular localization of alternatively spliced CbNa(v) transcripts; distinct mRNA isoforms are present between the cell somata and the axons of the neurons. In contrast, we found no qualitative differences among different cell types for CbIH variants present, although this analysis did not represent the full spectrum of all possible CbIH variants. CbIH mRNA was not detected in axon samples. Finally, although cell-type specific patterns of splicing were detected for CbNa(v), the same cell type within and between animals also displayed variability in which splice forms were detected. These results indicate that channel splicing is differentially regulated at the level of single neurons of the same neural network, providing yet another mechanism by which cell-specific neuronal output can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Hirao LA, Wu L, Khan AS, Dai A, Karl J, Lank S, Wiseman R, O'Connor D, Watkins D, Miller N, Betts MR, Sardesai NY, Boyer JD, Weiner DB. P03-11. DNA vaccination with IL-12 lowers viral replication following SIVmac251 challenge. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767781 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Boyer JD, Yin J, Dai A, Belisle S, Hirao L, Palermo R, Hokey D, Yan J, Weiner D. P16-36. Functional genomic immune profile of SIV DNA vaccines delivered by electroporation and combined with molecular adjuvants. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767765 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hirao LA, Hokey DA, Weber J, Yan J, Boyer JD, Dai A, Anderson H, Lewis M, Jure-Kunkel MN, Weiner DB. P19-49. Modulation of vaccine induced responses through CTLA-4 and 41BB enhances protection in macaques following SIVmac251 challenge. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767880 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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18
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Oleson KW, Niu GY, Yang ZL, Lawrence DM, Thornton PE, Lawrence PJ, Stöckli R, Dickinson RE, Bonan GB, Levis S, Dai A, Qian T. Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 581] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. W. Oleson
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G.-Y. Niu
- Department of Geological Sciences; University of Texas at Austin; Austin Texas USA
| | - Z.-L. Yang
- Department of Geological Sciences; University of Texas at Austin; Austin Texas USA
| | - D. M. Lawrence
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. E. Thornton
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. J. Lawrence
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Stöckli
- Department of Atmospheric Science; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado USA
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences; ETH Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- NASA Earth Observatory; Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - R. E. Dickinson
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - G. B. Bonan
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. Levis
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Dai
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. Qian
- Climate and Global Dynamics Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
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Dai A, Wasay M, Dubey N, Giglio P, Bakshi R. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis secondary to hyperthyroidism. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2007; 9:89-90. [PMID: 17895204 DOI: 10.1053/jscd.2000.0090089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/1999] [Accepted: 09/15/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (SSST) is associated with a variety of hypercoaguable states. Although coagulation disturbances are reported in hyperthyroidism, a direct link between hyperthyroidism and cerebral venous thrombosis is not established. We report a 39-year-old man who developed increased intracranial pressure, seizures, and rapid atrial fibrillation. Neuroimaging showed SSST, and laboratory studies were consistent with hyperthyroidism. No other causes of a hypercoaguable state were identified. Prompt treatment of his hyperthyroidism led to recanalization of the superior sagittal sinus and a full neurological recovery. Given the known effects of hyperthyroidism on factor VIII activity, we hypothesize that hyperthyroidism is an independent risk factor for SSST. A high index of suspicion for SSST is warranted in patients with hyperthyroidism and neurological symptoms. Furthermore, thyroid dysfunction should be excluded in patients with unexplained SSST.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dai
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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20
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Abstract
Oxidative damage has been implicated to be a major causative factor in the decline in physiological functions that occur during the ageing process. Mitochondria are known to be a rich source for the production of free radicals and, consequently, mitochondrial components are susceptible to lipid peroxidation (LPO) that decreases respiratory activity. In the present investigation, we have evaluated mitochondrial LPO, 8-oxo-dG, oxidized glutathione, reduced glutathione, ATP, lipoic acid, TCA cycle enzymes and electron transport chain (ETC) complex activities in the brain of young versus aged rats. In aged rats, the contents of LPO, oxidized glutathione and 8-oxo-dG were high whereas reduced glutathione, ATP, lipoic acid, TCA cycle enzymes and ETC complex activities were found to be low. Lipoic acid administration to aged rats reduced the levels of mitochondrial LPO, 8-oxo-dG and oxidized glutathione and enhanced reduced glutathione, ATP, lipoic acid and ETC complex activities. In young rats lipoic acid administration showed only minimal lowering the levels of LPO, 8-oxo-dG and oxidized glutathione and slight increase in the levels of reduced glutathione, ATP, lipoic acid, TCA cycle enzymes and ETC complex activities. These findings suggest that the dithiol, lipoic acid, provides protection against age-related oxidative damage in the mitochondria of aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Palaniappan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yokohama City University, Maioka-cho 641-12, Yokohama 244-0813, Japan
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21
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Padilla MT, Dai A, Palmisano W, Ohls RK. 471 DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION OF ERYTHROPOIETIN GENE EXPRESSION THROUGH METHYLATION. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Dai A, Jurges E. The problem with nose bleeds. Emerg Med J 2005; 22:596-7. [PMID: 16046773 PMCID: PMC1726892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Epistaxis is common in the paediatric population and is usually minor and self limiting. This case illustrates an atypical presentation of epistaxis with hypovolaemic shock due to a dissecting false aneurysm of the internal carotid artery caused by an impalement injury to the oropharynx.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dai
- Kingston Hospital, Galsworthy Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey KT2 7QB, UK.
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23
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McKnight HM, Villas-Adams AA, Dai A, Ohls RK. 526 TISSUE SPECIFIC EFFECTS OF ARANESP ON FETAL AND NEONATAL ERYTHROID PROGENITORS. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl1-526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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24
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Wang X, Tang J, Wu J, Feng J, Pang L, Dai A, Zheng X. Preoperative high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support as a primary management of locally advanced breast cancer. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 27:345-6. [PMID: 11277186 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) has a poor prognosis with a high risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Preoperative combined chemotherapy with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support does not improve the long-term survival rate. In our report, two patients with LABC received preoperative high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support (HDC/PBSCs). Prior to high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support, they both received induction chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (FEC) for two cycles which resulted in a partial response. PBSC mobilization and collection were carried out following the second cycle of induction chemotherapy followed by G-CSF. High-dose cyclophosphamide (2500 mg/m2), carboplatin (600 mg/m2) and etoposide (600 mg/m2) were administered with PBSC support. A radical mastectomy was performed followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with FEC regimen for four cycles, followed by local irradiation, and endocrine therapy with tamoxifen. Both patients achieved a remarkable response in the primary lesion after HDC/PBSCs and tolerated the whole treatment well. Preoperative HDC/PBSCs as a new strategy in the treatment of LABC seems practical but it needs to be studied more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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25
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Abstract
Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) is the most common cause of unilateral peripheral facial neuropathy. Bilateral involvement occurs in less than 10% of cases. The authors describe a 20-year-old man with bilateral idiopathic facial weakness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormal bilateral enhancement of the proximal intracanalicular segments of VII/VIII nerve complexes. The enhancement was most prominent in the leptomeningeal regions. There was no facial nerve swelling. Three months later he had improving residual bifacial weakness. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of abnormal MRI findings in bilateral Bell's palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Shaikh
- Kaleida Health Imaging Services, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
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26
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Ling S, Dai A, Ma YH, Wilson E, Chatterjee K, Ives HE, Sudhir K. Matrix-dependent gene expression of egr-1 and PDGF A regulate angiotensin II-induced proliferation in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 1999; 34:1141-6. [PMID: 10567196 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.34.5.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown, in a neonatal rat cell line, that angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells is extracellular matrix (ECM) dependent. We hypothesized that such an effect might be mediated via differences in Ang II-induced increases in the transcriptional factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1) gene and, consequently, in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Cultured human newborn aortic smooth muscle cells were studied on 4 different surfaces: (1) plastic, (2) laminin, (3) collagen, and (4) fibronectin. Ang II-induced increases in DNA synthesis were significantly greater on collagen (2.0+/-0.3-fold) and fibronectin (1.9+/-0.3-fold) than on laminin (1.0+/-0.2-fold) or plastic (1.4+/-0.2-fold). As with DNA synthesis, at 48 and 72 hours, Ang II-induced increases in cell numbers occurred only in cells grown on collagen and fibronectin culture plates and were blocked by an antagonist to the angiotensin type 1 (losartan, 10 micromol/L) but not the angiotensin type 2 (PD 123319, 10 micromol/L) receptor. Anti-PDGF AA antibody (6 microg/mL) blocked the increase in DNA synthesis by 60% to 64% in cells on collagen or fibronectin cultures but not on plastic cultures. When PDGF-AA (10 ng/mL) and Ang II were added together, DNA synthesis increased 2-fold and did not differ on the various ECM proteins. Increases in PDGF A-chain mRNA were observed only in cells grown on collagen (3.21+/-0.65-fold) and fibronectin (2.86+/-0.49-fold) plates 2 to 8 hours after the addition of Ang II and were blocked by losartan but not PD 123319. Expression of Egr-1, an early growth response gene, increased at 15 minutes, peaked at 30 minutes, and returned to normal after 2 hours with Ang II treatment. Ang II-induced increases in Egr-1 mRNA were greater on collagen (4. 82+/-0.66-fold at maximum) and fibronectin (4.01+/-0.56-fold) than on laminin (2.74+/-0.45-fold) or plastic (2.53+/-0.40-fold) and were blocked by losartan but not PD 123319. Thus, in human vascular smooth muscle cells in culture, Ang II-induced proliferation is mediated via the angiotensin type 1 receptor, dependent on ECM proteins, and regulated by differential gene expression of Egr-1 and PDGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ling
- Divisions of Nephrology and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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27
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Boyce BF, Hughes DE, Wright KR, Xing L, Dai A. Recent advances in bone biology provide insight into the pathogenesis of bone diseases. J Transl Med 1999; 79:83-94. [PMID: 10068197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is modeled during embryonic development by endochondral and membranous ossification and is continuously remodeled thereafter under the influence of local and systemic factors to provide structural support and assist in calcium homeostasis. Recent studies of knockout and transgenic mice have increased understanding of the regulation of bone modeling during development and of remodeling of mature bone and have shed new light on the pathogenesis of a number of bone disorders. For example, fibroblast growth factor receptor-3, parathyroid hormone-related protein, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase affect the function of chondrocytes during endochondral ossification (the latter two by regulating their life spans and thus growth plate thickness and bone length). Some ubiquitously expressed genes seem unexpectedly to have unique functions that are largely confined to bone cells: M-CSF, C-Fos, PU.1, and NF-kappaB are required for osteoclast formation, whereas c-Src and Mitf (microphthalmia transcription factor) are required for osteoclast activity after the cells have formed. Knockout of these genes results in osteopetrosis, a disorder characterized by persistence in marrow cavities of unresorbed osteocartilaginous matrix and, as in some affected humans, by increased mortality. Some proteins seem to act as negative regulators of bone cell function, for example osteoprotegerin (a soluble TNF receptor) in osteoclasts; osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, and 5-lipoxygenase in osteoblasts. Regulation of osteoclast life span may be an important mechanism by which estrogen and bisphosphonates prevent bone loss in conditions characterized by increased bone resorption, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. The unique requirement of bone cells for certain gene products raises the possibility that these cells may have specific responses to inhibitory or stimulatory agents, and that signaling molecules in these response pathways could be specific targets for novel therapies to treat or prevent common bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Boyce
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7750, USA
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28
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Feng J, Zheng X, Dai A. [A clinical report of high-dose epirubicin combined with cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil for advanced breast cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1998; 20:468-70. [PMID: 10920949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate safety and efficacy of high-dose epirubicin combined with cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil for advanced breast cancer. METHODS Thirty two cases with stage III and IV breast cancer were treated with epirubicin (EPI) 90-110 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide (CTX) 600 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 900 mg/m2 every 21 days. The therapeutic effect was compared with that in patients treated with low-dose EPI(50 mg/m2). RESULTS The response rate (RR) in patients treated with high-dose EPI was 71.9% (CR = 4, PR = 19) which was significantly better than that in the low-dose EPI-treated patients (CR = 2, PR = 5). The therapeutic effect was slightly better in patients initially diagnosed than in patients in recurrence (RR: 80% vs 68.2%) the median remission and surriving peroid was 7.4 months and 12.5 months, respectively. The major side effect was leukopenia. Mild to moderate GI tract side effects were obsevved. There was no significant cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION High-dose EPI combined with CTX, 5-Fu is a safe and effective regimen for patients with advanced breast cancer worthy of further clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing
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29
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of aminophylline (ethylene diamine salt of theophylline) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of asthma has not been well established in children. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the additional therapeutic benefit of intravenous aminophylline in the treatment of children hospitalized for acute asthmatic exacerbation and treated with inhaled bronchodilators and glucocorticoid therapy. METHODS Thirty-eight children aged from 2 to 16 years (mean age 5.64 +/- 3.31), admitted for acute exacerbation of asthma, participated in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. All the subjects received methylprednisolone, administered intravenously, and nebulized salbutamol. The treatment group received intravenous aminophylline therapy and the placebo group received 0.9% saline solution for 24 hours. RESULTS The number of salbutamol nebulizations needed and the clinical asthma scoring were recorded both at onset and at the end of 24 hours. There was no significant difference in either the mean number of nebulizations or the clinical asthma scores between the two groups (P = .7843, P = .8452). CONCLUSION Intravenous aminophylline (ethylene diamine salt of theophylline) demonstrated no additional beneficial effect to the combination of beta adrenergic agonists and glucocorticoid treatment in acute asthma attack in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nuhoğlu
- Marmara University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Dai A, Zhang P. [Eosinophil apoptosis and airway inflammation in asthma]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1998; 21:243-4. [PMID: 11326975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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31
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Dai A, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Niu R, Duan S. [Effects of inhalation of nitric oxide on hemodynamics, blood gas and oxygen transport function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 1997; 13:305, 325, 332. [PMID: 10322954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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32
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Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis, the most common bone disease in the developed world, is associated with estrogen deficiency. This deficiency induces increased generation and activity of osteoclasts, which perforate bone trabeculae, thus reducing their strength and increasing fracture risk. Estrogen replacement prevents these effects, indicating that estrogen negatively regulates osteoclast formation and function, but how it does this is unclear. Because functional osteoclast life span and thus the amount of bone that osteoclasts resorb could also be enhanced following estrogen deficiency, and since sex steroids regulate apoptosis in other target tissues, we investigated whether estrogen may affect osteoclast function by promoting apoptosis. 17 beta-Estradiol promoted apoptosis of murine osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo by two- to threefold. Tamoxifen, which has estrogenic effects on bone resorption, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta), whose production by osteoblasts is increased by estrogen, had similar effects in vitro. Anti-TGF-beta antibody inhibited TGF-beta-, estrogen- and tamoxifen-induced osteoclast apoptosis, indicating that TGF-beta might mediate this effect. These findings suggest that estrogen may prevent excessive bone loss before and after the menopause by limiting osteoclast life span through promotion of apoptosis. The development of analogues to promote this mechanism specifically could be a useful and novel therapeutic approach to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Hughes
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7750, USA
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33
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Dai A, Zhang Z, Niu R. [The effects of hypoxia on nitric oxide synthase activity and mRNA expression of pulmonary artery endothelial cells in pigs]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1995; 18:164-6, 191. [PMID: 8565086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate whether hypoxia might affect nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity or mRNA expression of cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells in pigs by means of NADPH-diaphorase cytochemical stain and DNA-RNA dot blot hybridization respectively. The NOS activity and mRNA expression were highly present in normoxic group as well as 6 and 24 hours serum-free control groups, but significantly lowered in 6 and 24 hours hypoxic groups. The mRNA expression of NOS gene was almost absent in 48 hours hypoxic cells. The results indicate that hypoxia can attenuate the activity and mRNA expression of NOS in cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells, which may lay an important role in modulating acute hypoxic pulmonary vasocontriction and chronic hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dai
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tonji Medical University, Wuhan
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34
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Bianchi E, Cohen RL, Dai A, Thor AT, Shuman MA, Smith HS. Immunohistochemical localization of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1995; 60:597-603. [PMID: 7532156 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910600505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We used an immunohistochemical assay with an antigen-retrieval technique to study plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) expression in paraffin-embedded breast tissue samples at different stages of malignant transformation. We detected PAI-1 in 15/20 invasive tumors. In several cases staining was localized to the stromal component. PAI-1-positive fibroblasts could be seen surrounding tumor nodules or at tumor margins. In addition, tumor-infiltrating macrophages (13 cases) and endothelial cells (5 cases) were positive. In 11 specimens PAI-1-positive cancer cells were also detected. In 2 strongly positive cases secreted PAI-1 was visible in the extracellular matrix surrounding the cells. Six of 9 samples of carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were weakly positive. No staining of endothelial cells was visible in DCIS. Only a few positive adenomatous epithelial cells could be seen in 3 of 7 papillomas. All biopsies of normal breast tissue were negative, with the exception of one sample, obtained from a patient with a previous segmental mastectomy for DCIS. PAI-1 production by invasive breast cancers could reflect a general upregulation of the plasminogen activation system in proliferating cancer cells, as suggested by the finding that normal mammary epithelium cultures expressed PAI-1 in all cases examined. In addition, production of PAI-1 by the tumor stroma could protect the tumor itself from excessive proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bianchi
- Geraldine Brush Cancer Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94115
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Abstract
Seven children with asthma were included in a trial of recombinant interferon-alpha 2a (rIFN-alpha 2a). Patients received either 2 million U/m2 rIFN-alpha 2a (n = 4) or placebo (n = 3) three times a week for 4 weeks. Pulmonary function test, peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), and clinical symptom scores were monitored throughout the trial. Serum interleukin-4, soluble low-affinity receptor for IgE Fc epsilon RII/CD23 (sCD23), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were measured at the beginning of the trial, and at the second week, fourth week, and sixth week. Compared with placebo, rIFN-alpha 2a therapy did not result in a significant change in the above-mentioned parameters. Further studies with a larger number of patients are needed to draw firmer conclusions in regard to efficacy of rIFN-alpha 2a therapy in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Başaran
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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36
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Eckhardt SG, Dai A, Davidson KK, Forseth BJ, Wahl GM, Von Hoff DD. Induction of differentiation in HL60 cells by the reduction of extrachromosomally amplified c-myc. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:6674-8. [PMID: 8022834 PMCID: PMC44265 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.14.6674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogene amplification in tumor cells results in the overexpression of proteins that confer a growth advantage in vitro and in vivo. Amplified oncogenes can reside intrachromosomally, within homogeneously staining regions (HSRs), or extrachromosomally, within double minute chromosomes (DMs). Since previous studies have shown that low concentrations of hydroxyurea (HU) can eliminate DMs, we studied the use of HU as a gene-targeting agent in tumor cells containing extrachromosomally amplified oncogenes. In a neuroendocrine cell line (COLO 320), we have shown that HU can eliminate amplified copies of c-myc located on DMs, leading to a reduction in tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. To determine whether the observed reduction in tumorigenicity was due to differentiation, we next investigated whether HU could induce differentiation in HL60 cells containing extrachromosomally amplified c-myc. We compared the effects of HU, as well as two other known differentiating agents (dimethyl sulfoxide and retinoic acid), on c-myc gene copy number, c-myc expression, and differentiation in HL60 cells containing amplified c-myc genes either on DMs or HSRs. We discovered that HU and dimethyl sulfoxide reduced both c-myc gene copy number and expression and induced differentiation in cells containing c-myc amplified on DMs. These agents failed to have similar effects on HL60 cells with amplified c-myc in HSRs. By contrast, retinoic acid induced differentiation independent of the localization of amplified c-myc. These data illustrate the utility of targeting extrachromosomal DNA to modulate tumor phenotype and reveal that both HU and dimethyl sulfoxide induce differentiation in HL60 cells through DM elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Eckhardt
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center of South Texas, San Antonio 78229
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Singer-Sam J, Goldstein L, Dai A, Gartler SM, Riggs AD. A potentially critical Hpa II site of the X chromosome-linked PGK1 gene is unmethylated prior to the onset of meiosis of human oogenic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:1413-7. [PMID: 1371357 PMCID: PMC48461 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.4.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hpa II site H8 is in the CpG-rich 5' untranslated region of the human X chromosome-linked gene for phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1). It is the only Hpa II site in the CpG "island" whose methylation pattern is perfectly correlated with transcriptional silence of this gene. We measured DNA methylation at site H8 in fetal oogonia and oocytes and found, using a quantitative assay based on the polymerase chain reaction, that purified germ cells isolated by micromanipulation were unmethylated in 47-day to 110-day fetuses, whereas ovaries depleted of germ cells and non-ovary tissues were methylated. We conclude that site H8 is unmethylated in germ cells prior to the onset of meiosis and reactivation of the X chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Singer-Sam
- Department of Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Durate, CA 91010
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Singer-Sam J, LeBon JM, Dai A, Riggs AD. A sensitive, quantitative assay for measurement of allele-specific transcripts differing by a single nucleotide. PCR Methods Appl 1992; 1:160-3. [PMID: 1282066 DOI: 10.1101/gr.1.3.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have found that the single nucleotide primer extension assay, a PCR-based assay currently used qualitatively to measure allelic differences in DNA, can be used quantitatively to measure allele-specific transcripts differing by only a single nucleotide. We show that total RNA containing the Pgk-1a transcript can be specifically detected even in a 1000-fold excess of RNA containing the Pgk-1b transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Singer-Sam
- Biology Division, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010
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Chen D, Liu Z, Tang W, Dai A, Liu W, Wang B, Wang M, Zheng P. Structures of 2,2,2,2,2-pentaammine-1-aqua-1,2-(μ-imidazolato-N,N')-1-(iminodiacetato-O,O',N)cobalt(III)copper(II) perchlorate trihydrate and 2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3-decaammine-1,2;1,3-di-(μ-imidazolato-N,N')-1-(iminodiacetato-O,O',N)dicobalt(III)copper(II) perchlorate tetrahydrate. Acta Crystallogr C 1990. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270189011972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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