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Aruwajoye NN, Buthelezi NMD, Mditshwa A, Tesfay SZ, Magwaza LS. Assessing the Impact of Roasting Temperatures on Biochemical and Sensory Quality of Macadamia Nuts ( Macadamia integrifolia). Foods 2023; 12:foods12112116. [PMID: 37297359 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depending on the temperature regime used during roasting, the biochemical and sensory characteristics of macadamia nuts can change. 'A4' and 'Beaumont' were used as model cultivars to examine how roasting temperatures affected the chemical and sensory quality of macadamia nuts. Using a hot air oven dryer, macadamia kernels were roasted at 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 °C for 15 min. The quantity of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants in kernels roasted at 50, 75, and 100 °C was significant (p < 0.001); however, these kernels also had high levels of moisture content, oxidation-sensitive unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), and peroxide value (PV), and poor sensory quality. Low moisture content, flavonoids, phenols, antioxidants, fatty acid (FA) compositions, high PV, and poor sensory quality-i.e., excessive browning, an exceptionally crunchy texture, and a bitter flavor-were all characteristics of kernels roasted at 150 °C. With a perfect crispy texture, a rich brown color, and a strong nutty flavor, kernels roasted at 125 °C had lower PV; higher oxidation-resistant UFA compositions; considerable concentrations of flavonoids, phenols, and antioxidants; and good sensory quality. Therefore, 'A4' and 'Beaumont' kernels could be roasted at 125 °C for use in the industry to improve kernel quality and palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noluthando Noxolo Aruwajoye
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Nana Millicent Duduzile Buthelezi
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 235, Medunsa, Ga-Rankuwa 0204, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Samson Zeray Tesfay
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Lembe Samukelo Magwaza
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
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Mditshwa A, Khaliq G, Hussein Z, Ejaz S. Editorial: Sustainable postharvest management practices for fresh produce. Front Sustain Food Syst 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1143759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
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Nyamende NE, Sigge GO, Belay ZA, Mphahlele RR, Oyenihi AB, Mditshwa A, Hussein ZM, Caleb OJ. Advances in non-thermal technologies for whole and minimally processed apple fruit – A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Oyenihi AB, Belay ZA, Mditshwa A, Caleb OJ. "An apple a day keeps the doctor away": The potentials of apple bioactive constituents for chronic disease prevention. J Food Sci 2022; 87:2291-2309. [PMID: 35502671 PMCID: PMC9321083 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Apples are rich sources of selected micronutrients (e.g., iron, zinc, vitamins C and E) and polyphenols (e.g., procyanidins, phloridzin, 5′‐caffeoylquinic acid) that can help in mitigating micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) and chronic diseases. This review provides an up‐to‐date overview of the significant bioactive compounds in apples together with their reported pharmacological actions against chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. For consumers to fully gain these health benefits, it is important to ensure an all‐year‐round supply of highly nutritious and good‐quality apples. Therefore, after harvest, the physicochemical and nutritional quality attributes of apples are maintained by applying various postharvest treatments and hurdle techniques. The impact of these postharvest practices on the safety of apples during storage is also highlighted. This review emphasizes that advancements in postharvest management strategies that extend the storage life of apples should be optimized to better preserve the bioactive components crucial to daily dietary needs and this can help improve the overall health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji B Oyenihi
- Functional Foods Research Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Zinash A Belay
- Agri-Food Systems & Omics Laboratory, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- School of Agriculture, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (PMB-Campus), Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi J Caleb
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.,SARChI Postharvest Technology Laboratory, African Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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Mngoma MF, Magwaza LS, Sithole NJ, Magwaza ST, Mditshwa A, Tesfay SZ, Ncama K. Effects of stem training on the physiology, growth, and yield responses of indeterminate tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) plants grown in protected cultivation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09343. [PMID: 35574198 PMCID: PMC9095744 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The lower yield of tomatoes grown in tunnels, due to the limited space, remains a challenge. Stem training has long been identified as one of the most important horticultural practices used to improve the yield and fruit quality of tomatoes grown in commercial tunnels; however, there is little information available on the dome-shaped tunnels that are used, particularly by smallholder farmers. The common stem-training methods used in tunnels include the Single-Stem (SS), the Double-Stem (DS) and the Two-Plants-per-Pot (TPP) methods. Their effect on the plants' growth, development and physiology varies significantly, and hence, it affects crop productivity. The experiment was conducted in an 8 m × 30 m dome-shaped tunnel and the treatment included the single-stem, double-stem and two-plants-per-pot methods. A higher photosynthetic rate was observed in the SS treatment, followed by the DS treatment. Similar trends were found in the growth, yield and fruit quality parameters of the SS and DS treatments. However, the DS and TPP treatments exhibited, on average, a higher number of fruits, as well as a higher colour index, TSS, TA and Brima per harvest, than the SS treatment. The study indicated that the double-stem and two-plants-per-pot training methods are the best for farmers who seek to optimize their yields and maximize their profits for this cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mlungisi F. Mngoma
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Lembe S. Magwaza
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Nkanyiso J. Sithole
- Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa
| | - Shirly T. Magwaza
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Samson Z. Tesfay
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Khayelihle Ncama
- Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, 2790, South Africa
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Gupta AK, Pathak U, Tongbram T, Medhi M, Terdwongworakul A, Magwaza LS, Mditshwa A, Chen T, Mishra P. Emerging approaches to determine maturity of citrus fruit. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5245-5266. [PMID: 33583257 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1883547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their health-boosting properties and other appreciable properties, citrus fruit is widely consumed and commercialized worldwide. Destination markets around the world vary in their fruit quality requirements and are also highly influenced by climatic conditions, agronomical and postharvest practices. Hence, harvesting decisions are arduous. Maturity indices in citrus fruit are highly variable and dependent on the species and varieties, growing regions, and destination markets. For decades, determination of the maturity of citrus fruit and predicting the near time of harvesting was a challenge for producers, researchers, and food safety agencies. Thus, the current review provides a correlation between maturity and internal components and an overview of techniques of maturity determination for citrus fruits. Also, stress has been given to the destructive and nondestructive methods to determine the maturity level of different citrus species. The techniques presented in this review portray continuous productiveness as an excellent quality assessment, particularly as ripening and maturity analysis tools for citrus fruits. Traditional techniques are time-consuming, laborious, costly, destructive, and tedious. Thus, these nondestructive techniques hold great potential to replace conventional procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Urbi Pathak
- Department of Food Science, ISA Lille, Lille, France
| | - Thoithoi Tongbram
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Manisha Medhi
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.,Department of Food Processing and Quality Management, Pub Kamrup College, Kamrup, Assam, India
| | | | - Lembe Samukelo Magwaza
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Poonam Mishra
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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Caleb OJ, Mphahlele RR, Belay ZA, Mditshwa A. 2 Postharvest handling of fresh produce. Food Science and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/9783110667462-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shezi S, Magwaza LS, Mashilo J, Tesfay SZ, Mditshwa A. Photochemistry and photoprotection of 'Gem' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) leaves within and outside the canopy and the relationship with fruit maturity. J Plant Physiol 2020; 246-247:153130. [PMID: 32065922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A reduction in photosynthesis results in a reduced CO2 assimilation rate and availability of carbohydrates essential for fruit growth and development. This study determined photosynthetic efficiency and photoprotection mechanisms within and outside leaf canopy positions in 'Gem' avocado orchards and their relationship with avocado fruit maturity. The study was conducted in a commercial orchard at Everdon Estate in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A total of 15 eight-year-old avocado trees (cv. Gem) were selected in a completely randomised design with three replicates, with each replicate consisting of five trees. Data were collected bi-weekly on photosynthetic rate (A), effective quantum efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (T), electron transport rate (ETR), minimum fluorescence (Fo'), maximum fluorescence (Fm'), variable fluorescence (Fv'), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEins), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and photochemical quenching (qP) from full bloom to fruit physiological maturity (∼25 % dry matter content (DM)). The results showed that leaves from the outside position had higher A (29.46 mol CO2 m-2s-1); gs (0.078 mol CO2 m-2s-1); ΦPS II (0.32); and qP (0.52) compared to those within the canopy position with lower A (19.27 mol CO2 m-2s-1); gs (0.0037 mol CO2 m-2s-1); ΦPS II (0.044) and qP (0.075), respectively. Contrastingly, chlorophyll fluorescence and photoprotection parameters were higher within the canopy than on the outside, suggesting that the greater proportion of energy accumulated within the canopy was used for photoprotection other than photochemistry. Photosynthetic rate (A), gs, Ci, T, WUEi and WUEins, correlated significantly with mesocarp dry matter (DM), while all other parameters correlated poorly. The high photosynthetic efficiency of leaves from outside the canopy resulted in an average DM of 28.9 % compared to 26.9 % of fruit within the canopy. The present findings suggest that reduced photosynthetic efficiency of 'Gem' avocado within the canopy position does not compromise fruit DM by reserving more energy for photoprotection; however, it delays maturity by about two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabelo Shezi
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Lembe Samukelo Magwaza
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
| | - Jacob Mashilo
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Samson Zeray Tesfay
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Magwaza ST, Magwaza LS, Odindo AO, Mditshwa A. Hydroponic technology as decentralised system for domestic wastewater treatment and vegetable production in urban agriculture: A review. Sci Total Environ 2020; 698:134154. [PMID: 31505342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity, nutrient-depleted soils and pollution continue to be a major challenge worldwide and these are likely to worsen with increasing global populations particularly, in urban areas. As a result, environmental and public health problems may arise from the insufficient provision of sanitation and wastewater disposal facilities. Because of this, a paradigm shifts with regard to the sustainable management of waste disposal in a manner that could protect the environment at the same time benefits society by allowing nutrient recovery and reuse for food production is required. Hence, the use of urban wastewater for agricultural irrigation has more potential, especially when incorporating the reuse of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous, which are essential for crop production. Among the current treatment technologies applied in urban wastewater reuse for agriculture, hydroponic system is identified as one of the alternative technology that can be integrated with wastewater treatment. The integration of hydroponic system with municipal wastewater treatment has the advantage of reducing costs in terms of pollutants removal while reducing maintenance and energy costs required for conventional wastewater treatment. The efficiency of a hydroponic system with regard to municipal wastewater reuse is mainly linked to its capacity to allow continuous use of wastewater through the production of agricultural crops and the removal of pollutants/nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), resulting to increased food security and environmental protection. Moreover, the suitability of hydroponic system for wastewater treatment is derived from its capacity to minimize associated health risks to farmers, harvested crop and consumers, that may arise through contact with wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirly Tentile Magwaza
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Lembe Samukelo Magwaza
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
| | - Alfred Oduor Odindo
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Magwaza LS, Carmen Alamar M, Tesfay SZ, Mditshwa A, Opara UL, Terry LA. Investigating the involvement of ABA, ABA catabolites and cytokinins in the susceptibility of 'Nules Clementine' mandarin to rind breakdown disorder. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4142-4149. [PMID: 30767237 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Nules Clementine' mandarin was used to investigate the potential involvement of endogenous plant hormones in mediating citrus fruit susceptibility to rind breakdown disorder (RBD). The effect of light exposure (namely canopy position and bagging treatments) on the endogenous concentration of ABA, 7'-hydroxy-abscisic acid (7-OH-ABA), ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), and t-zeatin was tested using four preharvest treatments: outside, outside bagged, inside and inside bagged. Phytohormones concentration was evaluated during nine weeks of postharvest storage at 8 °C. RESULTS The shaded fruit inside the canopy had the highest RBD score (0.88) at the end of postharvest storage, while sun-exposed fruit had the lowest score (0.12). Before storage, ABA concentration was lowest (462.8 µg kg-1 ) for inside fruit, and highest in outside bagged fruit (680.5 µg kg-1 ). Although ABA concentration suddenly increased from the third week, reaching a maximum concentration of 580 µg kg-1 at week 6 in fruit from inside position, it generally reduced 1.6-fold ranging from 240.52 to 480.65 µg kg-1 throughout storage. The increase of 7-OH-ABA was more prominent in fruit from inside canopy. Overall, the concentration of ABA-GE increased three-fold with storage time. DPA concentration of bagged fruit from inside canopy position was significantly higher compared to outside fruit. The lower ABA-GE and higher DPA concentration in inside bagged fruit throughout storage also coincided with higher RBD. CONCLUSION The strong positive correlations between 7-OH-ABA, DPA and RBD incidence demonstrated that these ABA catabolites could be used as biomarkers for fruit susceptibility to the disorder. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lembe S Magwaza
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
- Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, UK
| | | | - Samson Z Tesfay
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Umezuruike L Opara
- Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Leon A Terry
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, UK
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Ncama K, Magwaza LS, Mditshwa A, Tesfay SZ. Plant-based edible coatings for managing postharvest quality of fresh horticultural produce: A review. Food Packag Shelf Life 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mditshwa A, Magwaza LS, Tesfay SZ, Mbili NC. Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on postharvest quality and composition of tomatoes: a review. J Food Sci Technol 2017; 54:3025-3035. [PMID: 28974786 PMCID: PMC5603004 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has recently emerged as a possible alternative to currently used postharvest phytosanitary treatments. Research has also highlighted other benefits associated with UV irradiation in postharvest technology. This review presents the effects of UV irradiation on postharvest and nutritional quality of tomatoes. The application of UV irradiation on tomatoes is discussed including its effect on biological (respiration rate, ethylene production and microbial growth), physico-chemical (firmness, colour, total soluble solids and titratable acidity) and nutritional (vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic and antioxidants) quality. UV-treated tomatoes have shown resistance to microbial growth and decay. Although UV irradiation reduces the loss of vitamin C during storage, the loss of vitamin E remains a concern. UV treatments lead to higher antioxidant capacity, flavonoids and phenolic content. UV irradiation significantly reduced carotenoids in certain cultivars. Based on the literature reviewed, the success of UV irradiation treatments is cultivar-dependent. While improved retention of phytochemicals has been reported in UV-C treated fruit, increased losses have been reported in certain cultivars. Research efforts on the development of cultivar-specific UV irradiation protocols are warranted. The effect of harvest maturity and seasonal differences in the efficacy of UV treatments is required to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanda Mditshwa
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3201 South Africa
| | - Lembe Samukelo Magwaza
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3201 South Africa
| | - Samson Zeray Tesfay
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3201 South Africa
| | - Nokwazi Carol Mbili
- Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3201 South Africa
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Mditshwa A, Bower J, Bertling I, Mathaba N. INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TOTAL ANTIOXIDANTS ASSAYS IN SILICON-TREATED LEMON FRUIT (CITRUS LIMON). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2013.1007.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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