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Panico G, Fasciolo G, Migliaccio V, De Matteis R, Lionetti L, Napolitano G, Agnisola C, Venditti P, Lombardi A. 1,3-Butanediol Administration Increases β-Hydroxybutyrate Plasma Levels and Affects Redox Homeostasis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Adipokine Production in Rat Gonadal Adipose Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1471. [PMID: 37508009 PMCID: PMC10376816 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketone bodies (KBs) are an alternative energy source under starvation and play multiple roles as signaling molecules regulating energy and metabolic homeostasis. The mechanism by which KBs influence visceral white adipose tissue physiology is only partially known, and our study aimed to shed light on the effects they exert on such tissue. To this aim, we administered 1,3-butanediol (BD) to rats since it rapidly enhances β-hydroxybutyrate serum levels, and we evaluated the effect it induces within 3 h or after 14 days of treatment. After 14 days of treatment, rats showed a decrease in body weight gain, energy intake, gonadal-WAT (gWAT) weight, and adipocyte size compared to the control. BD exerted a pronounced antioxidant effect and directed redox homeostasis toward reductive stress, already evident within 3 h after its administration. BD lowered tissue ROS levels and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins and enhanced tissue soluble and enzymatic antioxidant capacity as well as nuclear erythroid factor-2 protein levels. BD also reduced specific mitochondrial maximal oxidative capacity and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as interrelated processes, leading to changes in the level of adipokines/cytokines involved in inflammation, macrophage infiltration into gWAT, adipocyte differentiation, and lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Panico
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo Via Cintia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo Via Cintia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Gaetana Napolitano
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo Via Cintia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo Via Cintia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo Via Cintia 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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de Lange P, Lombardi A, Silvestri E, Cioffi F, Giacco A, Iervolino S, Petito G, Senese R, Lanni A, Moreno M. Physiological Approaches Targeting Cellular and Mitochondrial Pathways Underlying Adipose Organ Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11676. [PMID: 37511435 PMCID: PMC10380998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipose organ is involved in many metabolic functions, ranging from the production of endocrine factors to the regulation of thermogenic processes. Aging is a natural process that affects the physiology of the adipose organ, leading to metabolic disorders, thus strongly impacting healthy aging. Cellular senescence modifies many functional aspects of adipose tissue, leading to metabolic alterations through defective adipogenesis, inflammation, and aberrant adipocytokine production, and in turn, it triggers systemic inflammation and senescence, as well as insulin resistance in metabolically active tissues, leading to premature declined physiological features. In the various aging fat depots, senescence involves a multiplicity of cell types, including mature adipocytes and immune, endothelial, and progenitor cells that are aging, highlighting their involvement in the loss of metabolic flexibility, one of the common features of aging-related metabolic disorders. Since mitochondrial stress represents a key trigger of cellular senescence, and senescence leads to the accumulation of abnormal mitochondria with impaired dynamics and hindered homeostasis, this review focuses on the beneficial potential of targeting mitochondria, so that strategies can be developed to manage adipose tissue senescence for the treatment of age-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Stefania Iervolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Zotti T, Giacco A, Cuomo A, Cerulo L, Petito G, Iervolino S, Senese R, Cioffi F, Vito P, Cardinale G, Silvestri E, Lombardi A, Moreno M, Lanni A, de Lange P. Exercise Equals the Mobilization of Visceral versus Subcutaneous Adipose Fatty Acid Molecules in Fasted Rats Associated with the Modulation of the AMPK/ATGL/HSL Axis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3095. [PMID: 37513513 PMCID: PMC10386727 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining exercise with fasting is known to boost fat mass-loss, but detailed analysis on the consequential mobilization of visceral and subcutaneous WAT-derived fatty acids has not been performed. In this study, a subset of fasted male rats (66 h) was submitted to daily bouts of mild exercise. Subsequently, by using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, the content of 22 fatty acids (FA) in visceral (v) versus subcutaneous (sc) white adipose tissue (WAT) depots was compared to those found in response to the separate events. Findings were related to those obtained in serum and liver samples, the latter taking up FA to increase gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis. Each separate intervention reduced scWAT FA content, associated with increased levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) protein despite unaltered AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Thr172 phosphorylation, known to induce ATGL expression. The mobility of FAs from vWAT during fasting was absent with the exception of the MUFA 16:1 n-7 and only induced by combining fasting with exercise which was accompanied with reduced hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) Ser563 and increased Ser565 phosphorylation, whereas ATGL protein levels were elevated during fasting in association with the persistently increased phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 both during fasting and in response to the combined intervention. As expected, liver FA content increased during fasting, and was not further affected by exercise, despite additional FA release from vWAT in this condition, underlining increased hepatic FA metabolism. Both fasting and its combination with exercise showed preferential hepatic metabolism of the prominent saturated FAs C:16 and C:18 compared to the unsaturated FAs 18:1 n-9 and 18:2 n-6:1. In conclusion, depot-specific differences in WAT fatty acid molecule release during fasting, irrelevant to their degree of saturation or chain length, are mitigated when combined with exercise, to provide fuel to surrounding organs such as the liver which is correlated with increased ATGL/ HSL ratios, involving AMPK only in vWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Zotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
- Genus Biotech Srls., Università degli Studi del Sannio, Apollosa, 82030 Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Arianna Cuomo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.); (R.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Luigi Cerulo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.); (R.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Stefania Iervolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.); (R.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Pasquale Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
- Genus Biotech Srls., Università degli Studi del Sannio, Apollosa, 82030 Benevento, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cardinale
- Sannio Tech Consortium, s.s. Appia, Apollosa, 82030 Benevento, Italy;
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via De Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (T.Z.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (S.I.); (F.C.); (P.V.); (E.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.); (R.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.); (R.S.); (A.L.)
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Righi I, Rosso L, Cattaneo M, Lonati C, Vivona L, Pinti M, Battistin M, Lombardi A, Selleri V, Fugazzola L, Campi I, Nosotti M. Effect of T3 on Lung Ischemia-Riperfusion Injury in an Evlp Rat Model: Results of Ad Interim Analyses. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Fasciolo G, Napolitano G, Aprile M, Cataldi S, Costa V, Muscari Tomajoli MT, Lombardi A, Di Meo S, Venditti P. Muscle Oxidative Stress Plays a Role in Hyperthyroidism-Linked Insulin Resistance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030592. [PMID: 36978840 PMCID: PMC10044862 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While a low level of ROS plays a role in cellular regulatory processes, a high level can lead to oxidative stress and cellular dysfunction. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the dysfunctions in which oxidative stress occurs and, until now, the factors underlying the correlation between oxidative stress and IR were unclear and incomplete. This study aims to explore this correlation in skeletal muscle, a tissue relevant to insulin-mediated glucose disposal, using the hyperthyroid rat as a model of oxidative stress. The development of IR in the liver from hyperthyroid animals has been widely reported, whereas data concerning the muscle are quite controversial. Thus, we investigated whether hyperthyroidism induces IR in skeletal muscle and the role of oxidative stress in this process. Particularly, we compared the effects of hyperthyroidism on IR both in the absence and presence of vitamin E (Vit E), acting as an antioxidant. Putative correlations between ROS production, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant capacity and changes in intracellular signalling pathways related to insulin action (AKT) and cellular stress response (EIF2α; JNK; PGC1α; BIP; and NRF1) were investigated. Moreover, we assessed the effects of hyperthyroidism and Vit E on the expression levels of genes encoding for glucose transporters (Slc2a1; Slc2a4), factors involved in lipid homeostasis and insulin signalling (Pparg; Ppara, Cd36), as well as for one of the IR-related inflammatory factors, i.e., interleukin 1b (Il1b). Our results suggest that hyperthyroidism-linked oxidative stress plays a role in IR development in muscle and that an adequate antioxidant status, obtained by vitamin E supplementation, that mitigates oxidative stress, may prevent IR development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Fasciolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetana Napolitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Centro Direzionale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
- International PhD Programme, UNESCO Chair “Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development”, Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Aprile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, National Research Council, Pietro Castellino Street 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Cataldi
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, National Research Council, Pietro Castellino Street 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, National Research Council, Pietro Castellino Street 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Muscari Tomajoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Centro Direzionale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
- International PhD Programme, UNESCO Chair “Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development”, Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2535080
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Paparella A, Vecchio R, Cembalo L, Lombardi A. Measuring consumer effort in circular economy initiatives in the food domain: An exploratory analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13373. [PMID: 36873145 PMCID: PMC9975101 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition towards a Circular Economy (CE) system requires a change in consumers' behavioural pattern that implies a certain level of effort which, in turn, could affect initiatives' success. Although consumers' role in CE is increasingly drawing the attention of scholars, limited knowledge is available on the evaluation of consumer's effort in CE initiatives. The current research provides an identification and measurement of the core parameters affecting consumer effort, offering a comprehensive Effort Index applied to 20 CE companies operating in food domain. Companies were classified in 5 categories (Quantity of food, Appearance of food, Edibility of food, Living with food and Local and sustainable food); the analysis of the companies revealed 14 parameters building the Effort Index. Results showed that initiatives ascribable to the category "Local and sustainable food" require higher levels of consumer effort; in contrast, case studies belonging to "Edibility of food" group are less effort-requiring.
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Mileto D, Micheli V, Fenizia C, Cutrera M, Gagliardi G, Mancon A, Bracchitta F, De Silvestri A, Rizzardini G, Lombardi A, Biasin M, Gismondo MR. Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by BNT162b2 vaccinees' sera: a preliminary evaluation. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:790-792. [PMID: 35196967 PMCID: PMC8920392 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2045878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Mileto
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - V Micheli
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fenizia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Cutrera
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gagliardi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A Mancon
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - F Bracchitta
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A De Silvestri
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometeric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Rizzardini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M R Gismondo
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Alesini D, Babusci D, Braggio C, Carugno G, Crescini N, D’Agostino D, D’Elia A, Di Gioacchino D, Di Vora R, Falferi P, Gambardella U, Gatti C, Iannone G, Ligi C, Lombardi A, Maccarrone G, Ortolan A, Pengo R, Rettaroli A, Ruoso G, Taffarello L, Tocci S. Search for Galactic axions with a high-
Q
dielectric cavity. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.052007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Reale M, Capelletto E, Buttigliero C, Bordi P, Ricciardi S, Belluomini L, Garbo E, Leonetti A, Lombardi A, Dodi A, Napoli V, Casali M, Soregaroli D, Insolda J, Bironzo P, Tiseo M, Migliorino M, Pilotto S, Passiglia F, Novello S. 1355P Clinical trial enrollment among lung cancer patients: A real-world multicenter analysis. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Gangolli E, Carreiro S, McElwee J, Dave N, Lombardi A, Hanna J, Hosagrahara V, Srivastava B. 317 Characterization of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, tolerability and clinical activity in phase I studies of the novel allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor NDI-034858. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gentile A, Magnacca N, de Matteis R, Moreno M, Cioffi F, Giacco A, Lanni A, de Lange P, Senese R, Goglia F, Silvestri E, Lombardi A. Ablation of uncoupling protein 3 affects interrelated factors leading to lipolysis and insulin resistance in visceral white adipose tissue. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22325. [PMID: 35452152 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101816rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The physiological role played by uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) in white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been elucidated so far. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of the absence of the whole body UCP3 on WAT physiology in terms of ability to store triglycerides, oxidative capacity, response to insulin, inflammation, and adipokine production. Wild type (WT) and UCP3 Knockout (KO) mice housed at thermoneutrality (30°C) have been used as the animal model. Visceral gonadic WAT (gWAT) from KO mice showed an impaired capacity to store triglycerides (TG) as indicated by its lowered weight, reduced adipocyte diameter, and higher glycerol release (index of lipolysis). The absence of UCP3 reduces the maximal oxidative capacity of gWAT, increases mitochondrial free radicals, and activates ER stress. These processes are associated with increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and TNF-α. The response of gWAT to in vivo insulin administration, revealed by (ser473)-AKT phosphorylation, was blunted in KO mice, with a putative role played by eif2a, JNK, and inflammation. Variations in adipokine levels in the absence of UCP3 were observed, including reduced adiponectin levels both in gWAT and serum. As a whole, these data indicate an important role of UCP3 in regulating the metabolic functionality of gWAT, with its absence leading to metabolic derangement. The obtained results help to clarify some aspects of the association between metabolic disorders and low UCP3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunzia Magnacca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita de Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Napolitano G, Fasciolo G, Magnacca N, Goglia F, Lombardi A, Venditti P. Oxidative damage and mitochondrial functionality in hearts from KO UCP3 mice housed at thermoneutrality. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:415-425. [PMID: 35237934 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is controversial. This work aimed to investigate the effects of UCP3 on the heart of mice housed at thermoneutral temperature, an experimental condition that avoids the effects of thermoregulation on mitochondrial activity and redox homeostasis, preventing the alterations related to these processes from confusing the results caused by the lack of UCP3. WT and KO UCP3 mice were acclimatized at 30 °C for 4 weeks and hearts were used to evaluate metabolic capacity and redox state. Tissue and mitochondrial respiration, the activities of the mitochondrial complexes, and the protein expression of mitochondrial complexes markers furnished information on mitochondrial functionality. The levels of lipid and protein oxidative damage markers, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the reactive oxygen species levels, and the susceptibility to in vitro Fe-ascorbate-induced oxidative stress furnished information on redox state. UCP3 ablation reduced tissue and mitochondrial respiratory capacities, not affecting the mitochondrial content. In KO UCP3 mice, the mitochondrial complexes activities were lower than in WT without changes in their content. These effects were accompanied by an increase in the level of oxidative stress markers, ROS content, and in vitro susceptibility to oxidative stress, notwithstanding that the activities of antioxidant enzymes were not affected by UCP3 ablation. Such modifications are also associated with enhanced activation/phosphorylation of EIF2α, a marker of integrated stress response and endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP778 BIP). The lack of UCP3 makes the heart more prone to oxidative insult by reducing oxygen consumption and increasing ROS. Our results demonstrate that UCP3 helps the cell to preserve mitochondrial function by mitigating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Parthenope, via Acton n. 38, -I-80133, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzia Magnacca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
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Mileto D, Fenizia C, Cutrera M, Gagliardi G, Gigantiello A, De Silvestri A, Rizzo A, Mancon A, Bianchi M, De Poli F, Cuomo M, Burgo I, Longo M, Rimoldi SG, Pagani C, Grosso S, Micheli V, Rizzardini G, Grande R, Biasin M, Gismondo MR, Lombardi A. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 triggers a consistent cross-variant humoral and cellular response. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:2235-2243. [PMID: 34749573 PMCID: PMC8648019 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2004866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to rage worldwide, the emergence of numerous variants of concern (VOC) represents a challenge for the vaccinal protective efficacy and the reliability of commercially available high-throughput immunoassays. Our study demonstrates the administration of two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine that elicited a robust SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response which was assessed up to 3 months after full vaccination in a cohort of 37 health care workers (HCWs). SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response, evaluated by four commercially available chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA), was qualitatively consistent with the results provided by the gold-standard in vitro neutralization assay (NTA). However, we could not observe a correlation between the quantity of the antibody detected by CLIA assays and their neutralizing activity tested by NTA. Almost all subjects developed a SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response. Moreover, vaccinated HCWs developed a similar protective neutralizing antibodies response against the EU (B.1), Alpha (B.1.1.7), Gamma (P.1), and Eta (B.1.525) SARS-CoV-2 variants, while Beta (B.1.351) and Delta (B.1.617.2) strains displayed a consistent partial immune evasion. These results underline the importance of a solid vaccine-elicited immune response and a robust antibody titre. We believe that these relevant results should be taken into consideration in the definition of future vaccinal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Mileto
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Fenizia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Cutrera
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Gagliardi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Gigantiello
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A. De Silvestri
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometeric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Rizzo
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Mancon
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Bianchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - F. De Poli
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Cuomo
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - I. Burgo
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan
| | - M. Longo
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - S. G. Rimoldi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Pagani
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - S. Grosso
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Micheli
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Rizzardini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - R. Grande
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M. R. Gismondo
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A. Lombardi
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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De Capua A, Palladino A, Chino M, Attanasio C, Lombardi A, Vecchione R, Netti PA. Active targeting of cancer cells by CD44 binding peptide-functionalized oil core-based nanocapsules. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24487-24499. [PMID: 35481036 PMCID: PMC9036919 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Selectivity in tumor targeting is one of the major issues in cancer treatment. Therefore, surface functionalization of drug delivery systems with active moieties, able to selectively target tumors, has become a worldwide-recognized strategy. The CD44 receptor is largely used as a biomarker, being overexpressed in several tumors, and consequently as a target thanks to the identification of the CD44 binding peptide. Here we implemented the CD44 binding peptide logic onto an oil core–polymer multilayer shell, taking into account and optimizing all relevant features of drug delivery systems, such as small size (down to 100 nm), narrow size distribution, drug loading capability, antifouling and biodegradability. Besides promoting active targeting, the oil core-based system enables the delivery of natural and synthetic therapeutic compounds. Biological tests, using curcumin as a bioactive compound and fluorescent tag, demonstrated that CD44 binding peptide-functionalized nanocapsules selectively accumulate and internalize in cancer cells, compared to the control, thanks to ligand–receptor binding. CD44 binding peptide was implemented onto an oil core–polymer multilayer shell of 100 nm size and completely biodegradable. Biological tests, demonstrated that the proposed nanocarrier selectively accumulates and internalizes in cancer cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Capua
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 Napoli 80125 Italy .,Department of Chemical, Materials & Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II Naples 80125 Italy
| | - A Palladino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II Via F. Delpino 1 80137 Naples Italy
| | - M Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia 45 80126 Naples Italy
| | - C Attanasio
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 Napoli 80125 Italy .,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II Via F. Delpino 1 80137 Naples Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia 45 80126 Naples Italy
| | - R Vecchione
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 Napoli 80125 Italy
| | - P A Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53 Napoli 80125 Italy .,Department of Chemical, Materials & Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II Naples 80125 Italy.,Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II P. le Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
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15
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Petito G, Cioffi F, Silvestri E, De Matteis R, Lattanzi D, de Lange P, Lombardi A, Moreno M, Goglia F, Lanni A, Senese R. 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine (T2) Administration Affects Visceral Adipose Tissue Inflammatory State in Rats Receiving Long-Lasting High-Fat Diet. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:703170. [PMID: 34322094 PMCID: PMC8312549 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.703170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
3,5-diiodo-thyronine (T2), an endogenous metabolite of thyroid hormones, exerts beneficial metabolic effects. When administered to overweight rats receiving a high fat diet (HFD), it significantly reduces body fat accumulation, which is a risk factor for the development of an inflammatory state and of related metabolic diseases. In the present study, we focused our attention on T2 actions aimed at improving the adverse effects of long-lasting HFD such as the adipocyte inflammatory response. For this purpose, three groups of rats were used throughout: i) receiving a standard diet for 14 weeks; ii) receiving a HFD for 14 weeks, and iii) receiving a HFD for 14 weeks with a simultaneous daily injection of T2 for the last 4 weeks. The results showed that T2 administration ameliorated the expression profiles of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, reduced macrophage infiltration in white adipose tissue, influenced their polarization and reduced lymphocytes recruitment. Moreover, T2 improved the expression of hypoxia markers, all altered in HFD rats, and reduced angiogenesis by decreasing the pro-angiogenic miR126 expression. Additionally, T2 reduced the oxidative damage of DNA, known to be associated to the inflammatory status. This study demonstrates that T2 is able to counteract some adverse effects caused by a long-lasting HFD and to produce beneficial effects on inflammation. Irisin and SIRT1 pathway may represent a mechanism underlying the above described effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Petito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Rosalba Senese, ; Federica Cioffi,
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Lattanzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
- *Correspondence: Rosalba Senese, ; Federica Cioffi,
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16
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Di Munno C, Busiello RA, Calonne J, Salzano AM, Miles-Chan J, Scaloni A, Ceccarelli M, de Lange P, Lombardi A, Senese R, Cioffi F, Visser TJ, Peeters RP, Dulloo AG, Silvestri E. Adaptive Thermogenesis Driving Catch-Up Fat Is Associated With Increased Muscle Type 3 and Decreased Hepatic Type 1 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Activities: A Functional and Proteomic Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:631176. [PMID: 33746903 PMCID: PMC7971177 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.631176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Refeeding after caloric restriction induces weight regain and a disproportionate recovering of fat mass rather than lean mass (catch-up fat) that, in humans, associates with higher risks to develop chronic dysmetabolism. Studies in a well-established rat model of semistarvation-refeeding have reported that catch-up fat associates with hyperinsulinemia, glucose redistribution from skeletal muscle to white adipose tissue and suppressed adaptive thermogenesis sustaining a high efficiency for fat deposition. The skeletal muscle of catch-up fat animals exhibits reduced insulin-stimulated glucose utilization, mitochondrial dysfunction, delayed in vivo contraction-relaxation kinetics, increased proportion of slow fibers and altered local thyroid hormone metabolism, with suggestions of a role for iodothyronine deiodinases. To obtain novel insights into the skeletal muscle response during catch-up fat in this rat model, the functional proteomes of tibialis anterior and soleus muscles, harvested after 2 weeks of caloric restriction and 1 week of refeeding, were studied. Furthermore, to assess the implication of thyroid hormone metabolism in catch-up fat, circulatory thyroid hormones as well as liver type 1 (D1) and liver and skeletal muscle type 3 (D3) iodothyronine deiodinase activities were evaluated. The proteomic profiling of both skeletal muscles indicated catch-up fat-induced alterations, reflecting metabolic and contractile adjustments in soleus muscle and changes in glucose utilization and oxidative stress in tibialis anterior muscle. In response to caloric restriction, D3 activity increased in both liver and skeletal muscle, and persisted only in skeletal muscle upon refeeding. In parallel, liver D1 activity decreased during caloric restriction, and persisted during catch-up fat at a time-point when circulating levels of T4, T3 and rT3 were all restored to those of controls. Thus, during catch-up fat, a local hypothyroidism may occur in liver and skeletal muscle despite systemic euthyroidism. The resulting reduced tissue thyroid hormone bioavailability, likely D1- and D3-dependent in liver and skeletal muscle, respectively, may be part of the adaptive thermogenesis sustaining catch-up fat. These results open new perspectives in understanding the metabolic processes associated with the high efficiency of body fat recovery after caloric restriction, revealing new implications for iodothyronine deiodinases as putative biological brakes contributing in suppressed thermogenesis driving catch-up fat during weight regain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Di Munno
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Julie Calonne
- Department of Medicine, Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anna Maria Salzano
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Jennifer Miles-Chan
- Department of Medicine, Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Theo J. Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robin P. Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Abdul G. Dulloo
- Department of Medicine, Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elena Silvestri,
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Monaco A, Pantaleo E, Amoroso N, Bellantuono L, Lombardi A, Tateo A, Tangaro S, Bellotti R. Identifying potential gene biomarkers for Parkinson's disease through an information entropy based approach. Phys Biol 2020; 18:016003. [PMID: 33049726 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/abc09a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease and represents the most common disease of this type, after Alzheimer's dementia. It is characterized by motor and nonmotor features and by a long prodromal stage that lasts many years. Genetic research has shown that PD is a complex and multisystem disorder. To capture the molecular complexity of this disease we used a complex network approach. We maximized the information entropy of the gene co-expression matrix betweenness to obtain a gene adjacency matrix; then we used a fast greedy algorithm to detect communities. Finally we applied principal component analysis on the detected gene communities, with the ultimate purpose of discriminating between PD patients and healthy controls by means of a random forests classifier. We used a publicly available substantia nigra microarray dataset, GSE20163, from NCBI GEO database, containing gene expression profiles for 10 PD patients and 18 normal controls. With this methodology we identified two gene communities that discriminated between the two groups with mean accuracy of 0.88 ± 0.03 and 0.84 ± 0.03, respectively, and validated our results on an independent microarray experiment. The two gene communities presented a considerable reduction in size, over 100 times, compared to the initial network and were stable within a range of tested parameters. Further research focusing on the restricted number of genes belonging to the selected communities may reveal essential mechanisms responsible for PD at a network level and could contribute to the discovery of new biomarkers for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Monaco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
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18
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Cataldo M, Granata G, Caraffa E, Adamoli L, Borromeo R, Fossati S, Franceschini E, Giacobbe D, Giacometti E, Lagi F, Lombardi A, Oliva A, Pandolfo A, Trapani F, Petrosillo N. Recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection: A multicenter study on incidence and risk factors. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Lombardi A, Consonni D, Carugno M, Bozzi G, Mangioni D, Muscatello A, Castelli V, Palomba E, Cantù AP, Ceriotti F, Tiso B, Pesatori AC, Riboldi L, Bandera A, Lunghi G, Gori A. Characteristics of 1573 healthcare workers who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Milan, Lombardy, Italy. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1413.e9-1413.e13. [PMID: 32569835 PMCID: PMC7305713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The management of healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a matter of debate. We aimed to assess in this group the attack rate of asymptomatic carriers and the symptoms most frequently associated with infection. METHODS Occupational and clinical characteristics of HCWs who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a university hospital from 24 February 2020 to 31 March 2020 were collected. For those who tested positive and for those who tested positive but who were asymptomatic, we checked the laboratory and clinical data as of 22 May to calculate the time necessary for HCWs to then test negative and to verify whether symptoms developed thereafter. Frequencies of positive tests were compared according to selected variables using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS There were 139 positive tests (8.8%) among 1573 HCWs (95% confidence interval, 7.5-10.3), with a marked difference between symptomatic (122/503, 24.2%) and asymptomatic (17/1070, 1.6%) workers (p < 0.001). Physicians were the group with the highest frequency of positive tests (61/582, 10.5%), whereas clerical workers and technicians had the lowest frequency (5/137, 3.6%). The likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 increased with the number of reported symptoms; the strongest predictors of test positivity were taste and smell alterations (odds ratio = 76.9) and fever (odds ratio = 9.12). The median time from first positive test to a negative test was 27 days (95% confidence interval, 24-30). CONCLUSIONS HCWs can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 without displaying any symptoms. Among symptomatic HCWs, the key symptoms to guide diagnosis are taste and smell alterations and fever. A median of almost 4 weeks is necessary before nasopharyngeal swab test results are negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lombardi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - D Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Carugno
- Epidemiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Bozzi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - D Mangioni
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Muscatello
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - V Castelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E Palomba
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A P Cantù
- Medical Direction, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - F Ceriotti
- Clinical Laboratory, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - B Tiso
- Medical Direction, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A C Pesatori
- Epidemiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Riboldi
- Occupational Health Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bandera
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Lunghi
- Clinical Laboratory, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Gori
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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20
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Silvestri E, Senese R, De Matteis R, Cioffi F, Moreno M, Lanni A, Gentile A, Busiello RA, Salzano AM, Scaloni A, de Lange P, Goglia F, Lombardi A. Absence of uncoupling protein 3 at thermoneutrality influences brown adipose tissue mitochondrial functionality in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:15146-15163. [PMID: 32946628 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000995r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The physiological role played by uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) has not been fully elucidated so far. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of the absence of UCP3 on BAT mitochondrial functionality and morphology. To this purpose, wild type (WT) and UCP3 Knockout (KO) female mice were housed at thermoneutrality (30°C), a condition in which BAT contributes to energy homeostasis independently of its cold-induced thermogenic function. BAT mitochondria from UCP3 KO mice presented a lower ability to oxidize the fatty acids and glycerol-3-phosphate, and an enhanced oxidative stress as revealed by enhanced mitochondrial electron leak, lipid hydroperoxide levels, and induction of antioxidant mitochondrial enzymatic capacity. The absence of UCP3 also influenced the mitochondrial super-molecular protein aggregation, an important feature for fatty acid oxidation rate as well as for adequate cristae organization and mitochondrial shape. Indeed, electron microscopy revealed alterations in mitochondrial morphology in brown adipocytes from KO mice. In the whole, data here reported show that the absence of UCP3 results in a significant alteration of BAT mitochondrial physiology and morphology. These observations could also help to clarify some aspects of the association between metabolic disorders associated with low UCP3 levels, as previously reported in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Maria Salzano
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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21
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Alesini D, Braggio C, Carugno G, Crescini N, D'Agostino D, Di Gioacchino D, Di Vora R, Falferi P, Gambardella U, Gatti C, Iannone G, Ligi C, Lombardi A, Maccarrone G, Ortolan A, Pengo R, Pira C, Rettaroli A, Ruoso G, Taffarello L, Tocci S. High quality factor photonic cavity for dark matter axion searches. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:094701. [PMID: 33003802 DOI: 10.1063/5.0003878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Searches for dark matter axions involve the use of microwave resonant cavities operating in a strong magnetic field. Detector sensitivity is directly related to the cavity quality factor, which is limited, until recently, to the use of non-superconducting metals by the presence of the external magnetic field. In this paper, we present a cavity of novel design whose quality factor is not affected by a magnetic field. It is based on a photonic structure by the use of sapphire rods. The quality factor at cryogenic temperature is in excess of 5 × 105 for a selected mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Alesini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - C Braggio
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Carugno
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - N Crescini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - D Di Gioacchino
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - R Di Vora
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P Falferi
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR, Fondazione Bruno Kessler and INFN - TIFPA, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - U Gambardella
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Gatti
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - G Iannone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Ligi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale Dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - G Maccarrone
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - A Ortolan
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale Dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - R Pengo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale Dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - C Pira
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale Dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - A Rettaroli
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - G Ruoso
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale Dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - L Taffarello
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Tocci
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
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22
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Vitiello P, De Falco V, Giunta E, Ciardiello D, Canciello M, Cardone C, Vitale P, Zanaletti N, Borrelli C, Poliero L, Terminiello M, Arrichiello G, Caputo V, Martini G, Napolitano S, Lombardi A, Caraglia M, Troiani T, Ciardiello F, Martinelli E. 461P Real-time PCR-based assessment of RAS/BRAF mutations in the plasma of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients: A single institution experience. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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D'Onofrio N, Cacciola NA, Martino E, Borrelli F, Fiorino F, Lombardi A, Neglia G, Balestrieri ML, Campanile G. ROS-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death of Human Colon Cancer LoVo Cells by Milk δ-Valerobetaine. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8978. [PMID: 32488123 PMCID: PMC7265370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
δ-Valerobetaine (δVB) is a constitutive milk metabolite with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we tested the antineoplastic properties of milk δVB on human colorectal cancer cells. CCD 841 CoN (non-tumorigenic), HT-29 (p53 mutant adenocarcinoma) and LoVo (APC/RAS mutant adenocarcinoma) cells were exposed to 3 kDa milk extract, δVB (2 mM) or milk+δVB up to 72 h. Results showed a time- and dose-dependent capability of δVB to inhibit cancer cell viability, with higher potency in LoVo cells. Treatment with milk+δVB arrested cell cycle in G2/M and SubG1 phases by upregulating p21, cyclin A, cyclin B1 and p53 protein expressions. Noteworthy, δVB also increased necrosis (P < 0.01) and when used in combination with milk it improved its activity on live cell reduction (P < 0.05) and necrosis (P < 0.05). δVB-enriched milk activated caspase 3, caspase 9, Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, whereas no effects on ROS generation were observed in CCD 841 CoN cells. The altered redox homeostasis induced by milk+δVB was accompanied by upregulation of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). SIRT6 silencing by small interfering RNA blocked autophagy and apoptosis activated by milk+δVB, unveiling the role of this sirtuin in the ROS-mediated apoptotic LoVo cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzio Antonio Cacciola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), 80055, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Fiorino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137, Naples, Italy
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24
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Crescini N, Alesini D, Braggio C, Carugno G, D'Agostino D, Di Gioacchino D, Falferi P, Gambardella U, Gatti C, Iannone G, Ligi C, Lombardi A, Ortolan A, Pengo R, Ruoso G, Taffarello L. Axion Search with a Quantum-Limited Ferromagnetic Haloscope. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:171801. [PMID: 32412290 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.171801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A ferromagnetic axion haloscope searches for dark matter in the form of axions by exploiting their interaction with electronic spins. It is composed of an axion-to-electromagnetic field transducer coupled to a sensitive rf detector. The former is a photon-magnon hybrid system, and the latter is based on a quantum-limited Josephson parametric amplifier. The hybrid system consists of ten 2.1 mm diameter yttrium iron garnet spheres coupled to a single microwave cavity mode by means of a static magnetic field. Our setup is the most sensitive rf spin magnetometer ever realized. The minimum detectable field is 5.5×10^{-19} T with 9 h integration time, corresponding to a limit on the axion-electron coupling constant g_{aee}≤1.7×10^{-11} at 95% C.L. The scientific run of our haloscope resulted in the best limit on dark matter axions to electron coupling constant in a frequency span of about 120 MHz, corresponding to the axion-mass range 42.4-43.1 μeV. This is also the first apparatus to perform a wide axion-mass scanning by only changing the static magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Crescini
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Alesini
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Roma, Italy
| | - C Braggio
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Carugno
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D D'Agostino
- INFN-Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - D Di Gioacchino
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Roma, Italy
| | - P Falferi
- IFN-CNR, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, and INFN-TIFPA, Via alla Cascata 56, 38123 Povo (TN), Italy
| | - U Gambardella
- INFN-Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - C Gatti
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Roma, Italy
| | - G Iannone
- INFN-Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - C Ligi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Roma, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Ortolan
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - R Pengo
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - G Ruoso
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - L Taffarello
- INFN-Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
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25
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Oliver P, Lombardi A, De Matteis R. Editorial: Insights Into Brown Adipose Tissue Functions and Browning Phenomenon. Front Physiol 2020; 11:219. [PMID: 32210843 PMCID: PMC7068690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Oliver
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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26
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Giacco A, delli Paoli G, Simiele R, Caterino M, Ruoppolo M, Bloch W, Kraaij R, Uitterlinden AG, Santillo A, Senese R, Cioffi F, Silvestri E, Iervolino S, Lombardi A, Moreno M, Goglia F, Lanni A, de Lange P. Exercise with food withdrawal at thermoneutrality impacts fuel use, the microbiome, AMPK phosphorylation, muscle fibers, and thyroid hormone levels in rats. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14354. [PMID: 32034884 PMCID: PMC7007447 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise under fasting conditions induces a switch to lipid metabolism, eliciting beneficial metabolic effects. Knowledge of signaling responses underlying metabolic adjustments in such conditions may help to identify therapeutic strategies. Therefore, we studied the effect of mild exercise on rats submitted to food withdrawal at thermoneutrality (28°C) for 3 days. Animals were housed at thermoneutrality rather than the standard housing temperature (22°C) to avoid beta-adrenergic signaling responses that themselves affect metabolism and well-being. Quantitative analysis of multi-organ mRNA levels, myofibers, and serum metabolites shows that this protocol (a) boosts fat oxidation in muscle and liver, (b) reduces lipogenesis and increases gluconeogenesis in liver, (c) increases serum acylcarnitines (especially C4 OH) and ketone bodies and the use of the latter as fuel in muscle, (d) increases Type I myofibers, and (e) is associated with an increased thyroid hormone uptake and metabolism in muscle. In addition, stool microbiome DNA analysis revealed that food withdrawal dramatically alters the presence of bacterial genera associated with ketone metabolism. Taken together, this protocol induces a drastic switch toward increased lipid and ketone metabolism compared to exercise or food withdrawal alone, which may prove beneficial and may involve local thyroid hormones, which may be regarded as exercise mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Giacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Giuseppe delli Paoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
| | - Roberta Simiele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie MedicheUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINaplesItaly
- Ceinge–Biotecnologie AvanzateNaplesItaly
- Divulgazione Scientifica Multidisciplinare per la Sostenibilità Ricerca, FormazioneCultura (DiSciMuS RCF)NaplesItaly
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie MedicheUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINaplesItaly
- Ceinge–Biotecnologie AvanzateNaplesItaly
- Divulgazione Scientifica Multidisciplinare per la Sostenibilità Ricerca, FormazioneCultura (DiSciMuS RCF)NaplesItaly
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport MedicineInstitute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport MedicineGerman Sport University CologneCologneGermany
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Genetic LaboratoryDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Genetic LaboratoryDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Stefania Iervolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di BiologiaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II"NaplesItaly
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e TecnologieUniversità degli Studi del SannioBeneventoItaly
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi della Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly
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27
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Lombardi A, Maggi S, Stanzani G, Vitale V, Bersigotti L, Romano C, Vittori J, Pastore E, Amanti C. Oncological outcomes in oncoplastic breast surgery: a single institution analysis. G Chir 2019; 40:417-420. [PMID: 32003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oncoplastic surgery is a well-acknowledged technique that combines conserving treatment in breast cancer with plastic surgery reconstruction. The aim of our analysis is to evaluate the safety of this surgical procedure in the setting of invasive primary breast cancer, and then compare breast oncoplastic surgery with the Veronesi quadrantectomy.We have analyzed 1541 patients who underwent breast surgery for primary breast tumor between October 2004 and May 2018 at Sant'Andrea University Hospital in Rome: 880 women experienced the breast oncoplastic approach, while 660 patients received conservative surgery alone. The median follow-up time was 14 years with a completeness of 70% (1067 pts vs 1554). The statistic comparison across these subpopulations suggested that there are no statistically significant results in term of Overall Survival, Disease Related Survival, Local recurrence or positive margins. Therefore oncoplastic surgery for primary invasive breast cancer represents a feasible procedure and an oncological safe surgical option.
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28
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Senese R, Cioffi F, De Matteis R, Petito G, de Lange P, Silvestri E, Lombardi A, Moreno M, Goglia F, Lanni A. 3,5 Diiodo-l-Thyronine (T₂) Promotes the Browning of White Adipose Tissue in High-Fat Diet-Induced Overweight Male Rats Housed at Thermoneutrality. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030256. [PMID: 30889829 PMCID: PMC6468521 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of white adipose cells into beige adipose cells is known as browning, a process affecting energy metabolism. It has been shown that 3,5 diiodo-l-thyronine (T₂), an endogenous metabolite of thyroid hormones, stimulates energy expenditure and a reduction in fat mass. In light of the above, the purpose of this study was to test whether in an animal model of fat accumulation, T₂ has the potential to activate a browning process and to explore the underlying mechanism. Three groups of rats were used: (i) receiving a standard diet for 14 weeks; (ii) receiving a high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks; and (iii) receiving a high fat diet for 10 weeks and being subsequently treated for four weeks with an HFD together with the administration of T₂. We showed that T₂ was able to induce a browning in the white adipose tissue of T₂-treated rats. We also showed that some miRNA (miR133a and miR196a) and MAP kinase 6 were involved in this process. These results indicate that, among others, the browning may be another cellular/molecular mechanism by which T₂ exerts its beneficial effects of contrast to overweight and of reduction of fat mass in rats subjected to HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
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29
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Cioffi F, Senese R, Petito G, Lasala P, de Lange P, Silvestri E, Lombardi A, Moreno M, Goglia F, Lanni A. Both 3,3',5-triiodothyronine and 3,5-diodo-L-thyronine Are Able to Repair Mitochondrial DNA Damage but by Different Mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:216. [PMID: 31024454 PMCID: PMC6465950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) on rat liver mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative damage and repair and to investigate their ability to induce protective effects against oxidative stress. Control rats, rats receiving a daily injection of T2 (N+T2) for 1 week and rats receiving a daily injection of T3 (N+T3) for 1 week, were used throughout the study. In the liver, mtDNA oxidative damage [by measuring mtDNA lesion frequency and expression of DNA polymerase γ (POLG)], mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial biogenesis [by measuring amplification of mtDNA/nDNA and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-alpha (PGC-1α)], and oxidative stress [by measuring serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] were detected. T2 reduces mtDNA lesion frequency and increases the expression of POLG, and it does not change the mtDNA copy number, the expression of PGC-1α, or the serum levels of 8-OHdG. Therefore, T2, by stimulating the major mtDNA repair enzyme, maintains genomic integrity. Similar to T2, T3 decreases mtDNA lesion frequency but increases the serum levels of 8-OHdG, and it decreases the expression of POLG. Moreover, as expected, T3 increases the mtDNA copy number and the expression of PGC-1α. Thus, in T3-treated rats, the increase of 8-OHdG and the decrease of POLG indicate that there is increased oxidative damage and that the decreased mtDNA lesion frequency might be a consequence of increased mitochondrial biogenesis. These data demonstrate that both T2 and T3 are able to decrease in the liver mtDNA oxidative damage, but they act via different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Cioffi
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pasquale Lasala
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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Ricciardiello F, Capasso R, Kawasaki H, Abate T, Oliva F, Lombardi A, Misso G, Ingrosso D, Leone CA, Iengo M, Caraglia M. A miRNA signature suggestive of nodal metastases from laryngeal carcinoma. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2018; 37:467-474. [PMID: 29327732 PMCID: PMC5782423 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that miRNAs are frequently deregulated in tumours offers the opportunity to identify them as prognostic and diagnostic markers. The aim of this multicentric study is to identify a miRNA expression profile specific for laryngeal cancer. The secondary endpoint was to identify specific deregulated miRNAs with potential as prognostic biomarkers for tumour spread and nodal involvement, and specifically to search for a miRNA pattern pathognomonic for N+ laryngeal cancer and for N- tissues. We identified 20 miRNAs specific for laryngeal cancer and a tissue-specific miRNA signature that is predictive of lymph node metastases in laryngeal carcinoma characterised by 11 miRNAs, seven of which are overexpressed (upregulated) and four downregulated. These results allow the identification of a group of potential specific tumour biomarkers for laryngeal carcinoma that can be used to improve its diagnosis, particularly in early stages, as well as its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ricciardiello
- Ear Nose and Throat Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - R Capasso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - H Kawasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Abate
- Ear Nose and Throat Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - F Oliva
- Ear Nose and Throat Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Misso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - D Ingrosso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - C A Leone
- Ear Nose and Throat Unit and Neck Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M Iengo
- Ear Nose and Throat Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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31
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Falanga A, Iachetta G, Lombardi L, Perillo E, Lombardi A, Morelli G, Valiante S, Galdiero S. Enhanced uptake of gH625 by blood brain barrier compared to liver in vivo: characterization of the mechanism by an in vitro model and implications for delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13836. [PMID: 30218088 PMCID: PMC6138628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32095-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the crossing of the blood brain barrier (BBB) by the peptide gH625 and compared to the uptake by liver in vivo. We clearly observed that in vivo administration of gH625 allows the crossing of the BBB, although part of the peptide is sequestered by the liver. Furthermore, we used a combination of biophysical techniques to gain insight into the mechanism of interaction with model membranes mimicking the BBB and the liver. We observed a stronger interaction for membranes mimicking the BBB where gH625 clearly undergoes a change in secondary structure, indicating the key role of the structural change in the uptake mechanism. We report model studies on liposomes which can be exploited for the optimization of delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Falanga
- Department of Pharmacy, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.,CiRPEB- University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iachetta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Lombardi
- Department of Pharmacy, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Emiliana Perillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.,CiRPEB- University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Salvatore Valiante
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134, Napoli, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), V. le Medaglie d'Oro, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy. .,CiRPEB- University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.
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32
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Giacco A, Delli Paoli G, Senese R, Cioffi F, Silvestri E, Moreno M, Ruoppolo M, Caterino M, Costanzo M, Lombardi A, Goglia F, Lanni A, de Lange P. The saturation degree of fatty acids and their derived acylcarnitines determines the direct effect of metabolically active thyroid hormones on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells. FASEB J 2018; 33:1811-1823. [PMID: 30204501 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800724r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Using differentiated rat L6 cells, we studied the direct effect of 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) and 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine (T2) on the response to insulin in presence of fatty acids with a varying degree of saturation. We found that T3 and T2 both invert the response to insulin by modulating Akt Ser473 phosphorylation in the presence of palmitate and oleate. Both hormones prevented palmitate-induced insulin resistance, whereas increased insulin sensitivity in the presence of oleate was reduced, with normalization to (or, in the case of T3, even below) control levels. Both hormones effectively reduced intracellular acylcarnitine concentrations. Interestingly, insulin sensitization was lowered by incubation of the myotubes with relevant concentrations of palmitoylcarnitines (C16) and increased by oleylcarnitines and linoleylcarnitines (C18:1 and C18:2, respectively). The efficiency of mitochondrial respiration decreased in the order palmitate-oleate-linoleate; in the presence of palmitate, only T3 increased ATP synthesis-independent cellular respiration and mitochondrial respiratory complex activities. Both hormones modulated gene expression and enzyme activities related to insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and lipid handling. Although T2 and T3 differentially regulated the expression of relevant genes involved in glucose metabolism, they equally stimulated related metabolic activities. T2 and T3 differentially modulated mitochondrial fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the presence of each fatty acid. The results show that T2 and T3 both invert the fatty acid-induced response to insulin but through different mechanisms, and that the outcome depends on the degree of saturation of the fatty acids and their derived acylcarnitines.-Giacco, A., delli Paoli, G., Senese, R., Cioffi, F., Silvestri, E., Moreno, M., Ruoppolo, M., Caterino, M., Costanzo, M., Lombardi, A., Goglia, F., Lanni, A., de Lange, P. The saturation degree of fatty acids and their derived acylcarnitines determines the direct effect of metabolically active thyroid hormones on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Giacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delli Paoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Divulgazione Scientifica Multidisciplinare per la Sostenibilità Ricerca, Formazione, Cultura (DiSciMuS RCF), Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Divulgazione Scientifica Multidisciplinare per la Sostenibilità Ricerca, Formazione, Cultura (DiSciMuS RCF), Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Ceinge-Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.,Divulgazione Scientifica Multidisciplinare per la Sostenibilità Ricerca, Formazione, Cultura (DiSciMuS RCF), Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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Orditura M, Della Corte CM, Diana A, Ciaramella V, Franzese E, Famiglietti V, Panarese I, Franco R, Grimaldi A, Lombardi A, Caraglia M, Santoriello A, Procaccini E, Lieto E, Maiello E, De Vita F, Ciardiello F, Morgillo F. Three dimensional primary cultures for selecting human breast cancers that are sensitive to the anti-tumor activity of ipatasertib or taselisib in combination with anti-microtubule cytotoxic drugs. Breast 2018; 41:165-171. [PMID: 30103105 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway taselisib, targeting the mutant PI3K-subunit-alpha (PI3KA) and ipatasertib, AKT-inhibitor, are currently under clinical investigation in breast cancer (BC) patients. We have previously demonstrated the anti-tumor efficacy of these anti-PI3K/AKT-inibitors in combination with anti-microtubule drugs in human BC cell lines, through a complete cytoskeleton disorganization. In this work, we generated ex-vivo three-dimensional (3D) cultures from human BC as a model to test drug efficacy and to identify new molecular biomarkers for selection of BC patients suitable for anti-PI3K/AKT-inibitors treatment. We have established 3D cultures from 25/27 human BC samples, in which the ability of growth in vitro replicates the clinical and biological aggressiveness of the original tumors. According to the results of next generation sequencing analysis, a direct correlation was found between PI3KA mutations and the sensitivity in 3D models in vitro to taselisib and ipatasertib alone and combined with anti-microtubule agents. Moreover, mutations in HER and MAPK families related genes, including EGFR, KRAS and BRAF, were found in resistant samples, suggesting their potential role as negative predictive factors of response to these agents. Thus, we demonstrated that ex vivo 3D cultures from human BC patients allow a rapid and efficient drug screening for chemotherapies and targeted agents in genetically selected patients and represent an innovative model to identify new biomarkers of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Orditura
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - C M Della Corte
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Diana
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - V Ciaramella
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - E Franzese
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - V Famiglietti
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - I Panarese
- Pathology Unit, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - R Franco
- Pathology Unit, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Grimaldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Santoriello
- Breast Unit Surgery, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - E Procaccini
- Breast Unit Surgery, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - E Lieto
- Surgery 9th Division, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - E Maiello
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | - F De Vita
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - F Ciardiello
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - F Morgillo
- Oncology, Universita degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.
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Silvestri E, Lombardi A, Coppola M, Gentile A, Cioffi F, Senese R, Goglia F, Lanni A, Moreno M, de Lange P. Differential Effects of 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine and 3,5,3'-Triiodo-L-Thyronine On Mitochondrial Respiratory Pathways in Liver from Hypothyroid Rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 47:2471-2483. [PMID: 29990992 DOI: 10.1159/000491620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Both 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2) and 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-tyronine (T3) affect energy metabolism having mitochondria as a major target. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, using a model of chemically induced hypothyroidism in male Wistar rats, we investigated the effect of administration of either 3,5-T2 or T3 on liver oxidative capacity through their influence on mitochondrial processes including: proton-leak across the mitochondrial inner membrane; complex I-, complex II- and glycerol-3-phosphate-linked respiratory pathways; respiratory complex abundance and activities as well as individual complex aggregation into supercomplexes. METHODS Hypothyroidism was induced by propylthiouracil and iopanoic acid; 3,5-T2 and T3 were intraperitoneally administered at 25 and 15 µg/100 g BW for 1 week, respectively. Resulting alterations in mitochondrial function were studied by combining respirometry, Blue Native-PAGE followed by in-gel activity, and Western blot analyses. RESULTS Administration of 3,5-T2 and T3 to hypothyroid (hypo) rats enhanced mitochondrial respiration rate with only T3 effectively stimulating proton-leak (450% vs. Hypo). T3 significantly enhanced complex I (+145% vs. Hypo), complex II (+66% vs. Hypo), and glycerol-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH)-linked oxygen consumptions (about 6- fold those obtained in Hypo), while 3,5-T2 administration selectively restored Euthyroid values of complex II- and increased G3PDH- linked respiratory pathways (+165% vs. Hypo). The mitochondrial abundance of all respiratory complexes and of G3PDH was increased by T3 administration whereas 3,5-T2 only increased complex V and G3PDH abundance. 3,5-T2 enhanced complex I and complex II in gel activities with less intensity than did T3, and T3 also enhanced the activity of all other respiratory complexes tested. In addition, only T3 enhanced individual respiratory component complex assembly into supercomplexes. CONCLUSIONS The reported data highlight novel molecular mechanisms underlying the effect elicited by iodothyronine administration to hypothyroid rats on mitochondrial processes related to alteration in oxidative capacity in the liver. The differential effects elicited by the two iodothyronines indicate that 3,5-T2, by influencing the kinetic properties of specific mitochondrial respiratory pathways, would promote a rapid response of the organelle, while T3, by enhancing the abundance of respiratory chain component and favoring the organization of respiratory chain complex in supercomplexes, would induce a slower and prolonged response of the organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Coppola
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
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Antonelli MS, Mallel G, Pecoraro A, Vitale V, Maggi S, Lombardi A, Stanzani G, Amanti C. Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: case report and literature review. G Chir 2018; 39:255-257. [PMID: 30039795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adenomyoepithelioma are uncommon tumors. The majority of them occur in women in the fifth and sixth decades who usually present with a self-palpated, solitary breast mass or a lesion identified on mammography. We report the case of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast with malignant transformation of both myoepitheliel and epithelial components diagnosed as malignancy during the preoperative stage in a seventy-six year old woman.
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Schiattarella GG, Boccella N, Paolillo R, Cattaneo F, Trimarco V, Franzone A, D’Apice S, Giugliano G, Rinaldi L, Borzacchiello D, Gentile A, Lombardi A, Feliciello A, Esposito G, Perrino C. Loss of Akap1 Exacerbates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2018; 9:558. [PMID: 29892230 PMCID: PMC5985454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major contributor to the development of heart failure (HF). Alterations in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent signaling pathways participate in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction occurring in LVH and HF. cAMP signals are received and integrated by a family of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) anchor proteins (AKAPs), tethering PKA to discrete cellular locations. AKAPs encoded by the Akap1 gene (mitoAKAPs) promote PKA mitochondrial targeting, regulating mitochondrial structure and function, reactive oxygen species production, and cell survival. To determine the role of mitoAKAPs in LVH development, in the present investigation, mice with global genetic deletion of Akap1 (Akap1-/-), Akap1 heterozygous (Akap1+/-), and their wild-type (wt) littermates underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or SHAM procedure for 1 week. In wt mice, pressure overload induced the downregulation of AKAP121, the major cardiac mitoAKAP. Compared to wt, Akap1-/- mice did not display basal alterations in cardiac structure or function and cardiomyocyte size or fibrosis. However, loss of Akap1 exacerbated LVH and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by pressure overload and accelerated the progression toward HF in TAC mice, and these changes were not observed upon prevention of AKAP121 degradation in seven in absentia homolog 2 (Siah2) knockout mice (Siah2-/-). Loss of Akap1 was also associated to a significant increase in cardiac apoptosis as well as lack of activation of Akt signaling after pressure overload. Taken together, these results demonstrate that in vivo genetic deletion of Akap1 enhances LVH development and accelerates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction, pointing at Akap1 as a novel repressor of pathological LVH. These results confirm and extend the important role of mitoAKAPs in cardiac response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Boccella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Paolillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Franzone
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefania D’Apice
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giugliano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenica Borzacchiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Palagini L, Cerliani C, Lombardi A, Perugi G. 0960 Evening Chronotypes Are Related To Emotional Negative Polarity, Hyper-reactivity And Instability In Cyclothymic Disorder. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - G Perugi
- University of Pisa, Italy, Pisa, ITALY
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Portalone L, Lombardi A, Antilli A, Cruciani AR, Magliacani V, Mugnaini L, Nunziati F, Perrone N, Signora M, Salvati F. Treatment of Inoperable Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Stage IIIB and IV with Cisplatin, Epidoxorubicin, Vindesine and Lonidamine: A Phase II Study. Tumori 2018; 85:239-42. [PMID: 10587024 DOI: 10.1177/030089169908500405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background The polychemotherapeutic regimen PEV (cisplatin, epidoxorubicin and vindesine) + lonidamine proved to be valid in terms of activity and efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced, previously untreated non-small cell lung carcinoma. The goal of the study was to verify whether a different dose of lonidamine, together with an increase in cisplatin and epidoxorubicin compared to the standard regimen, is able to improve the activity and efficacy of PEV without increasing toxicity. Patients and Methods Thirty-one patients were treated with cisplatin (80 mg/m2/iv), epidoxorubicin (70 mg/m2/iv) and vindesine (3 mg/m2/iv) every 28 days for 6 courses in combination with lonidamine (600 mg/day on days 1 and 2 of each course followed by 450 mg/day until progression of disease or intolerance). All the patients were monitored for clinical response, median duration of response and survival and for toxicity. Results The clinical response in the 29 assessable patients was: 41.4% partial remission, 48.3% stable disease, and 10.3% progression of disease. The median duration of response was 8.5 months (range, 4-26+) and median survival was 12 months (range, 4-26+). Survival was above the median in 15 stage lIIb patients, and 2 patients were long survivors at 26+ months. The toxicity of PEV + lonidamine was mild; there were no toxic deaths nor acute toxicity of grade 4 according to the WHO scoring system. Conclusions Our polychemotherapeutic regimen proved to be valid in terms of activity and efficacy, and a further dose increase in single chemotherapeutic agents as well as lonidamine could therefore be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Portalone
- VIIIth Pneumology Division, Carlo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Salvati F, Antilli A, Cruciani AR, Lombardi A, Mugnaini L, Nunziati F, Perrone N, Portalone L, Signora M. Lonidamine plus Cyclophosphamide in the Treatment of Adanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly: A Phase II Study. Tumori 2018; 81:48-51. [PMID: 7754542 DOI: 10.1177/030089169508100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim and background The aim of this Phase II trial was to verify the therapeutic activity and tolerability of chemotherapy with lonidamine (LND) plus cyclophosphamide (CTX) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the elderly. The rationale of the combination is reported. CTX showed mild toxicity, with a 12% objective response (OR) in monochemotherapy; LND potentiated the in vitro antiproliferative activity of alkylating agents, mainly CTX, without increasing myelotoxicity, particularly important in the elderly. Methods The schedule consisted of CTX, 600 mg/m2/i.v. on day 1 every 21 days for 6 cycles; LND, 450 mg/die/p.o. from day 1 to progression. Results Between November 1990 and April 1991, 41 patients with stage III–IV NSCLC were enrolled; 35 were assessable for response. Median age was 73 years (range, 71–79 years); 13 patients (32%) presented stage III A, 20 (49%) stage III b, and 8 (19%) stage IV disease. Cardiovascular conditions and/or chronic respiratory failure contraindicated surgical treatment in stage III A patients. Of enrolled patients, 14.6% experienced PR, 48.8% SD and 14.6% dropped out of the study. Median time to progression was 4 months (range, 2–9 months) and median survival 9 months (range 3–45 months). No patient showed WHO grade IV LND-related toxicity. In 1 patient (2.5%), LND was discontinued after 5 therapy cycles due to WHO grade III myalgia; in 80% of patients, LND oral dosage was reduced to 300 mg/day due to WHO grade II myalgia, and 20% of patients completed treatment with the full dose. Conclusions CTX plus LND can be considered a well tolerated therapeutic approach in the elderly with NSCLC with good PS and good liver, renal and cardiac conditions, but 14.6% PR is a slightly better result as compared with 12% PR obtainable with CTX alone as reported in the literature, even though most patients presented with advanced disease and no specific toxic effect was observed. Therefore, a confirmatory randomized trial (CTX vs CTS plus LND) would hardly be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Salvati
- Divisione di Pneumologia VIII, Unità Operativa CNR-ACRO, Ospedale, C. Forlanini, Roma, Italy
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Lombardi A, Maggi S, Stenzani G, Vitale V, Amanti C. Frozen section in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer in the era of the ACOSOG Z0011 and IBCSG 23-10 trials. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Silvestri E, Cioffi F, De Matteis R, Senese R, de Lange P, Coppola M, Salzano AM, Scaloni A, Ceccarelli M, Goglia F, Lanni A, Moreno M, Lombardi A. 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine Affects Structural and Metabolic Features of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria in High-Fat-Diet Fed Rats Producing a Co-adaptation to the Glycolytic Fiber Phenotype. Front Physiol 2018; 9:194. [PMID: 29593557 PMCID: PMC5854997 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemic state-associated perturbations in the network of factors controlling mitochondrial functions, i. e., morphogenesis machinery and metabolic sensor proteins, produce metabolic inflexibility, insulin resistance and reduced oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle. Moreover, intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation leads to tissue damage and inflammation. The administration of the naturally occurring metabolite 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) with thyromimetic actions to high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats exerts a systemic hypolipidemic effect, which produces a lack of IMCL accumulation, a shift toward glycolytic fibers and amelioration of insulin sensitivity in gastrocnemius muscle. In this study, an integrated approach combining large-scale expression profile and functional analyses was used to characterize the response of skeletal muscle mitochondria to T2 during a HFD regimen. Long-term T2 administration to HDF rats induced a glycolytic phenotype of gastrocnemius muscle as well as an adaptation of mitochondria to the fiber type, with a decreased representation of enzymes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. At the same time, T2 stimulated the activity of individual respiratory complex I, IV, and V. Moreover, T2 prevented the HFD-associated increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor γ coactivator-1α and dynamin-1-like protein as well as mitochondrial morphological aberrations, favoring the appearance of tubular and tethered organelles in the intermyofibrillar regions. Remarkably, T2 reverted the HDF-associated expression pattern of proinflammatory factors, such as p65 subunit of NF-kB, and increased the fiber-specific immunoreactivity of adipose differentiation–related protein in lipid droplets. All together, these results further support a role of T2 in counteracting in vivo some of the HFD-induced impairment in structural/metabolic features of skeletal muscle by impacting the mitochondrial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Silvestri
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Rita De Matteis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Coppola
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna M Salzano
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ceccarelli
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Cioffi F, Gentile A, Silvestri E, Goglia F, Lombardi A. Effect of Iodothyronines on Thermogenesis: Focus on Brown Adipose Tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:254. [PMID: 29875734 PMCID: PMC5974034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones significantly influence energy expenditure by affecting the activity of metabolic active tissues, among which, mammalian brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a significant role. For a long time, the modulation of BAT activity by 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) has been ascribed to its direct actions on this tissue; however, recent evidence indicates that T3, by stimulating specific brain centers, activates the metabolism of BAT via the sympathetic nervous system. These distinct mechanisms of action are not mutually exclusive. New evidence indicates that 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,5-T2), a thyroid hormone derivative, exerts thermogenic effects, by influencing mitochondrial activity in metabolically active tissues, such as liver, skeletal muscle, and BAT. At the moment, due to the absence of experiments finalized to render a clear cut discrimination between peripheral and central effects induced by 3,5-T2, it is not possible to exclude that some of the metabolic effects exerted by 3,5-T2 may be mediated centrally. Despite this, some evidence suggests that 3,5-T2 plays a role in adrenergic stimulation of thermogenesis in BAT. This mini-review provides an overview of the effects induced by T3 and 3,5-T2 on BAT thermogenesis, with a focus on data suggesting the involvement of central adrenergic stimulation. These aspects may reveal new perspectives in thyroid physiology and in the control of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fernando Goglia, ; Assunta Lombardi,
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fernando Goglia, ; Assunta Lombardi,
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Di Martino G, Turek VA, Tserkezis C, Lombardi A, Kuhn A, Baumberg JJ. Plasmonic response and SERS modulation in electrochemical applied potentials. Faraday Discuss 2017; 205:537-545. [PMID: 28879365 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00130d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the optical response of individual nm-wide plasmonic nanocavities using a nanoparticle-on-mirror design utilised as an electrode in an electrochemical cell. In this geometry Au nanoparticles are separated from a bulk Au film by an ultrathin molecular spacer, giving intense and stable Raman amplification of 100 molecules. Modulation of the plasmonic spectra and the SERS response is observed with an applied voltage under a variety of electrolytes. Different scenarios are discussed to untangle the various mechanisms that can be involved in the electronic interaction between NPs and electrode surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Martino
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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Senese R, Cioffi F, de Lange P, Leanza C, Iannucci LF, Silvestri E, Moreno M, Lombardi A, Goglia F, Lanni A. Both 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine and 3,5,3'-Triiodo-L-Thyronine Prevent Short-term Hepatic Lipid Accumulation via Distinct Mechanisms in Rats Being Fed a High-Fat Diet. Front Physiol 2017; 8:706. [PMID: 28959215 PMCID: PMC5603695 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) improves hepatic lipid accumulation by increasing lipid catabolism but it also increases lipogenesis, which at first glance appears contradictory. Recent studies have shown that 3,5-diiodothyronine (T2), a natural thyroid hormone derivative, also has the capacity to stimulate hepatic lipid catabolism, however, little is known about its possible effects on lipogenic gene expression. Because genes classically involved in hepatic lipogenesis such as SPOT14, acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) contain thyroid hormone response elements (TREs), we studied their transcriptional regulation, focusing on TRE-mediated effects of T3 compared to T2 in rats receiving high-fat diet (HFD) for 1 week. HFD rats showed a marked lipid accumulation in the liver, which was significantly reduced upon simultaneous administration of either T3 or T2 with the diet. When administered to HFD rats, T2, in contrast with T3, markedly downregulated the expression of the above-mentioned genes. T2 downregulated expression of the transcription factors carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) involved in activation of transcription of these genes, which explains the suppressed expression of their target genes involved in lipogenesis. T3, however, did not repress expression of the TRE-containing ChREBP gene but repressed SREBP-1c expression. Despite suppression of SREBP-1c expression by T3 (which can be explained by the presence of nTRE in its promoter), the target genes were not suppressed, but normalized to HFD reference levels or even upregulated (ACC), partly due to the presence of TREs on the promoters of these genes and partly to the lack of suppression of ChREBP. Thus, T2 and T3 probably act by different molecular mechanisms to achieve inhibition of hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli" CasertaCaserta, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del SannioBenevento, Italy
| | - Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli" CasertaCaserta, Italy
| | - Cristina Leanza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli" CasertaCaserta, Italy
| | - Liliana F Iannucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli" CasertaCaserta, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del SannioBenevento, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del SannioBenevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del SannioBenevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli" CasertaCaserta, Italy
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Di Martino G, Turek VA, Lombardi A, Szabó I, de Nijs B, Kuhn A, Rosta E, Baumberg JJ. Tracking Nanoelectrochemistry Using Individual Plasmonic Nanocavities. Nano Lett 2017; 17:4840-4845. [PMID: 28686457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We study in real time the optical response of individual plasmonic nanoparticles on a mirror, utilized as electrodes in an electrochemical cell when a voltage is applied. In this geometry, Au nanoparticles are separated from a bulk Au film by an ultrathin molecular spacer. The nanoscale plasmonic hotspot underneath the nanoparticles locally reveals the modified charge on the Au surface and changes in the polarizability of the molecular spacer. Dark-field and Raman spectroscopy performed on the same nanoparticle show our ability to exploit isolated plasmonic junctions to track the dynamics of nanoelectrochemistry. Enhancements in Raman emission and blue-shifts at a negative potential show the ability to shift electrons within the gap molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Martino
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - V A Turek
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - A Lombardi
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - I Szabó
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London , London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - B de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - A Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux , CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - E Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London , London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - J J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
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Mariani M, Zuccaro V, Patruno SFA, Scudeller L, Sacchi P, Lombardi A, Vecchia M, Columpsi P, Marone P, Filice G, Bruno R. The impact of rifaximin in the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:1151-1158. [PMID: 28338174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacterial infections are a leading factor in the progression from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis, with consequent worsening of the prognosis, and concerted efforts have been made to reduce infections and improve the survival rate of these patients. We retrospectively investigated the rate of infections in hospitalized cirrhotic patients under treatment with rifaximin. PATIENTS AND METHODS We enrolled 649 patients whose clinical and personal data, prescribed therapy, microbiological findings and laboratory tests were collected from previous discharge letters and our institution database. The efficacy of rifaximin in preventing several types infection was evaluated by comparing outcomes for rifaximin-treated patients vs patients receiving no antibiotic treatment. RESULTS The risk of developing selected bacterial infections was significantly lower in patients treated with rifaximin (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.20-0.40, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Continuous treatment with rifaximin may prevent bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mariani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
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Cimini D, Corte KD, Finamore R, Andreozzi L, Stellavato A, Pirozzi AVA, Ferrara F, Formisano R, De Rosa M, Chino M, Lista L, Lombardi A, Pavone V, Schiraldi C. Production of human pro-relaxin H2 in the yeast Pichia pastoris. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:4. [PMID: 28088197 PMCID: PMC5237503 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Initially known as the reproductive hormone, relaxin was shown to possess other therapeutically useful properties that include extracellular matrix remodeling, anti-inflammatory, anti-ischemic and angiogenic effects. All these findings make relaxin a potential drug for diverse medical applications. Its precursor, pro-relaxin, is an 18 kDa protein, that shows activity in in vitro assays. Since extraction of relaxin from animal tissues raises several issues, prokaryotes and eukaryotes were both used as expression systems for recombinant relaxin production. Most productive results were obtained when using Escherichia coli as a host for human relaxin expression. However, in such host, relaxin precipitated in the form of inclusion bodies and, therefore, required several expensive recovery steps as cell lysis, refolding and reduction. Results To overcome the issues related to prokaryotic expression here we report the production and purification of secreted human pro-relaxin H2 by using the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris as expression host. The methanol inducible promoter AOX1 was used to drive expression of the native and histidine tagged forms of pro-relaxin H2 in dual phase fed-batch experiments on the 22 L scale. Both protein forms presented the correct structure, as determined by mass spectrometry and western blotting analyses, and demonstrated to be biologically active in immune enzymatic assays. The presence of the tag allowed to simplify pro-relaxin purification obtaining higher purity. Conclusions This work presents a strategy for microbial production of recombinant human pro-relaxin H2 in Pichia pastoris that allowed the obtainment of biologically active pro-hormone, with a final concentration in the fermentation broth ranging between 10 and 14 mg/L of product, as determined by densitometric analyses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0319-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - K Della Corte
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - R Finamore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - L Andreozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Stellavato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A V A Pirozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - F Ferrara
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - R Formisano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M De Rosa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - M Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia I, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - L Lista
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia I, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia I, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - V Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia I, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - C Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Second University of Naples and University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via de Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Martino EC, Misso G, Pastina P, Costantini S, Vanni F, Gandolfo C, Botta C, Capone F, Lombardi A, Pirtoli L, Tassone P, Ulivieri C, Tagliaferri P, Cusi MG, Caraglia M, Correale P. Immune-modulating effects of bevacizumab in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16025. [PMID: 27752361 PMCID: PMC5045963 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The mPEBev is an anticancer regimen which combines a chemotherapy doublet, based on cisplatin and oral etoposide (mPE), with bevacizumab (mPEBev), a mAb targeting the vasculo-endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In previous studies, this regimen showed powerful anti-angiogenetic effects and significant antitumor activity in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) patients. We also recorded the best benefit in patients exhibiting low-systemic inflammatory profile at baseline. On these bases, we hypothesized that mPEBev antitumor activity could be partially related to bevacizumab-associated immunological effects. For this reason, we performed an immunological monitoring in 59 out of 120 stage IIIb-IV NSCLC patients enrolled in the BEVA2007 phase II trial, who received fractioned cisplatin (30 mg/sqm days 1-3q21) and oral etoposide (50 mg, days 1-15q21) (mPE doublet) ±bevacizumab. In this group of patients, 12 received the mPE doublet alone and 47 the doublet in combination with bevacizumab (5 mg/kg on the day 3q21; mPEBev regimen). Blood cell counts, serum analysis, multiplex cytokine assay and immunocytofluorimetric analysis, performed on baseline and post-treatment on blood samples from these patients, revealed that bevacizumab addition to the doublet decreased levels of pro-angiogenic (VEGF, Angiostatin-1 and Follistatin) and inflammatory cytokines (interferon (IFN)γ, IL4 and IL17), improved in vivo and in vitro cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) response and promoted dendritic cell activation. These results suggest that the mPEBev regimen improve the micro-environmental conditions for an efficient antigen-specific CTL response, making it a feasible candidate regimen to be assessed in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Martino
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Siena University Hospital , Siena, Italy
| | - G Misso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second Naples University , Naples, Italy
| | - P Pastina
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Siena University Hospital , Siena, Italy
| | | | - F Vanni
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Siena University Hospital , Siena, Italy
| | - C Gandolfo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology , Siena, Italy
| | - C Botta
- Medical Oncology Unit, 'Magna Graecia' University and AUO 'Materdomini' , Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - A Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second Naples University , Naples, Italy
| | - L Pirtoli
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Siena University Hospital , Siena, Italy
| | - P Tassone
- Medical Oncology Unit, 'Magna Graecia' University and AUO 'Materdomini' , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - C Ulivieri
- Department of Science of Life; University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - P Tagliaferri
- Medical Oncology Unit, 'Magna Graecia' University and AUO 'Materdomini' , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M G Cusi
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology , Siena, Italy
| | - M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second Naples University , Naples, Italy
| | - P Correale
- Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Oncology, Siena University Hospital , Siena, Italy
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De Rosa M, Mancini A, Lombardi A, Cerini L, Leosco D, Ferrara N. [PP.30.08] THE ECONOMICS OF OBESITY. J Hypertens 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000492243.12179.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
De novo design has proven a powerful methodology for understanding protein folding and function, and for mimicking or even bettering the properties of natural proteins. Extensive progress has been made in the design of helical bundles, simple structural motifs that can be nowadays designed with a high degree of precision. Among helical bundles, the four-helix bundle is widespread in nature, and is involved in numerous and fundamental processes. Representative examples are the carboxylate bridged diiron proteins, which perform a variety of different functions, ranging from reversible dioxygen binding to catalysis of dioxygen-dependent reactions, including epoxidation, desaturation, monohydroxylation, and radical formation. The "Due Ferri" (two-irons; DF) family of proteins is the result of a de novo design approach, aimed to reproduce in minimal four-helix bundle models the properties of the more complex natural diiron proteins, and to address how the amino acid sequence modulates their functions. The results so far obtained point out that asymmetric metal environments are essential to reprogram functions, and to achieve the specificity and selectivity of the natural enzymes. Here, we describe a design method that allows constructing asymmetric four-helix bundles through the covalent heterodimerization of two different α-helical harpins. In particular, starting from the homodimeric DF3 structure, we developed a protocol for covalently linking the two α2 monomers by using the Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The protocol was then generalized, in order to include the construction of several linkers, in different protein positions. Our method is fast, low cost, and in principle can be applied to any couple of peptides/proteins we desire to link.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chino
- University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - L Leone
- University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - O Maglio
- University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages-IBB, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Lombardi
- University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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