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Noureen S, Iqbal A, Muqeet HA. Potential of Drought Tolerant Rhizobacteria Amended with Biochar on Growth Promotion in Wheat. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1183. [PMID: 38732400 PMCID: PMC11085571 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is the prime obstacle for worldwide agricultural production and necessitates innovative strategies for enhancing crop resilience. This study explores the efficacy of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biochar (BC) as sustainable amendments for mitigating the effects of drought on wheat growth. Multiple experiments were carried out on isolated strains to assess their drought tolerance potential and multiple plant growth-promoting attributes. Experiments in the laboratory and natural environment were conducted to assess the impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, biochar, and their synergistic application on various growth parameters of wheat. The results revealed that the drought-tolerant PGPR strains (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis), alongside biochar (rice husk), alleviated the phytotoxic impact of drought by increasing the root length from 17.0% to 70.0% and shoot length from 30.0% to 82.0% as compared to un-inoculated stressed controls. The total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of the plants were substantially increased to 477% and 423%, respectively, when biochar and PGPR were applied synergistically. Significant enhancements in membrane stability index, relative water content, proline, and sugar level were achieved by combining biochar and bacterial strains, resulting in increases of 19.5%, 37.9%, 219%, and 300%, respectively. The yield of wheat in terms of plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, and number of grains per spike was enhanced from 26.7% to 44.6%, 23.5% to 62.7%, 91.5% to 154%, and 137% to 182%, respectively. It was concluded that the biochar-based application of PGPR induced drought tolerance in wheat under water deficit conditions, ultimately improving the production and yield of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Noureen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan;
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Abdul Muqeet
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, Punjab Tianjin University of Technology, Lahore 53720, Pakistan
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Nawab R, Ali M, Haroon U, Kamal A, Akbar M, Anwar F, Ahmed J, Chaudhary HJ, Iqbal A, Hashem M, Alamri S, ALHaithloul HAS, Munis MFH. Calotropis procera (L.) mediated synthesis of AgNPs and their application to control leaf spot of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.). BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e261123. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.261123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Nature is gifted with a wide range of ornamental plants, which beautify and clean the nature. Due to its great aesthetic value, there is a need to protect these plants from a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.) is an ornamental plant and it is commonly known as China rose or shoeblack plant. It is affected by several fungal and bacterial pathogens. Current study was designed to isolate leaf spot pathogen of H. rosa-sinensis and its control using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Based on molecular and morphological features, the isolated leaf spot pathogen was identified as Aspergillus niger. AgNPs were synthesized in the leaf extract of Calotropis procera and characterized. UV-vis spectral analysis displayed discrete plasmon resonance bands on the surface of synthesized AgNPs, depicting the presence of aromatic amino acids. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) described the presence of C-O, NH, C-H, and O-H functional groups, which act as stabilizing and reducing molecules. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the average size (~32.43 nm) of AgNPs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicted their spherical nature. In this study, in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of AgNPs was investigated. In vitro antifungal activity analysis revealed the highest growth inhibition of mycelia (87%) at 1.0 mg/ml concentration of AgNPs. The same concentration of AgNPs tremendously inhibited the spread of disease on infected leaves of H. rosa-sinensis. These results demonstrated significant disease control ability of AgNPs and suggested their use on different ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Nawab
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | - M. Ali
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Kamal
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | - M. Akbar
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | - F. Anwar
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | - J. Ahmed
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Iqbal
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan
| | - M. Hashem
- King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia; Assiut University, Egypt
| | - S. Alamri
- King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
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Abbas MA, Iqbal A, Ahmed M, Rasool G, Awan MF, Khan MKA, Rao AQ, Shahid AA, Husnain T. Transformation of Rhodococcus Pigment Production Hydroxylase (PPH) gene into Camelina sativa: an alternative marker for the detection of transgenic plants. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e254973. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.254973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Production of transgenic plants with desired agronomic and horticultural traits has gained great importance to fulfill demands of the growing population. Genetic transformation is also a fundamental step to study basics of plant sciences. Different transformation protocols have been developed and used which are reliable and efficient. These protocols used antibiotic or herbicide resistance genes incorporated along with gene of interest to identify transformed plants from non-transformed ones. These marker genes may pose a threat to human and environment. Use of visual markers enables direct and easier observation of transformed plants with more precision. In current study a gene cassette with ‘pigment production hydroxylase (PPH) gene under fiber specific promoter (GhSCFP) and downstream Nos-terminator was designed. After checking the structural and functional efficiency of codon optimized gene using bioinformatics tools, the cassette was sent for chemical synthesis from commercial source. The pigment gene cassette (PPH_CEMB), cloned in pCAMBIA-1301, was transformed into Agrobacterium through electroporation. Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip method was used to transform Camelina sativa inflorescence. After seed setting a total of 600 seed were observed for change in color and out of these, 19 seeds developed a reddish-brown coloration, while the remaining 581 seeds remained yellow. The transformation efficiency calculated on basis of color change was 1.0%. PCR analysis of leaves obtained after sowing reddish seeds confirmed the transformation of pigment production gene, while no PCR amplification was observed in leaves of plants from wild type seeds. From the results it is evident that Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of C. sativa inflorescence is very efficient and environment friendly technique not only for detection of transformed plants but also to study basic cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Abbas
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan; Govt. College of Science, Pakistan
| | - A. Iqbal
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan; National Research Institute, Poland
| | - M. Ahmed
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan; Govt. Boys College Sokasan, Pakistan
| | | | - M. F. Awan
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan; University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Q. Rao
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - T. Husnain
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
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Goppalakrishnan VA, Jothi Balaji J, Iqbal A. Scleral lens fluid reservoir turbidity with solutions of varying viscosities. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023; 46:831-832. [PMID: 37095021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V A Goppalakrishnan
- Elite School of Optometry, Medical Research Foundation, 600016 Chennai, India; School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, 613401 Thanjavur, India.
| | - J Jothi Balaji
- Department of Optometry, Medical Research Foundation, 600006 Chennai, India
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Contact Lens, Medical Research Foundation, 600006 Chennai, India
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Majeed Z, Farhat H, Ahmad B, Iqbal A, Faiz AUH, Mahnashi MH, Alqarni AO, Alqahtani O, Ali AA, Momenah AM. Process optimization, antioxidant, antibacterial, and drug adjuvant properties of bioactive keratin microparticles derived from porcupine ( Hystrix indica) quills. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15653. [PMID: 37609437 PMCID: PMC10441523 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A structural protein called keratin is often employed in the medical industry to create medication carriers. Process improvement, antioxidant, antibacterial, and adjuvant drug studies of synthetic bioactive keratin microparticles made from lipids and keratin derived from porcupine (Hystrix indica) quills are the main objectives of this study. After coating the keratin microparticles with lipids which were obtained from the same porcupine quills, the bioactive keratin microparticles were produced. The response surface technique was applied to optimize the conditions for extraction of the keratin protein and sizing of the keratin microparticles. An infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the chemical shifts in compositions of keratin microparticles while the optical microscopy was used to measure the size of the keratin microparticles. The results of this work revealed that a yield 27.36 to 42.25% of the keratin protein could be obtained from porcupine quills. The keratin microparticles were sized between 60.65 and 118.87 µm. Through response surface optimization, mercaptoethanol and urea were shown to be the main variables which positively affected the yield and the size of the keratin protein. The lipid stacking on the keratin microparticles' surface was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. The 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) assay confirmed the keratin microparticle's antioxidant activity of 29.83%. Compared to lipid alone, the antibacterial properties of the keratin microparticles against Escherichia coli-a gram-negative-and Staphylococcus aureus-a gram-positive-bacteria enhanced by up to 55% following the coating of the microparticles with the lipids. The pharmacological action against these bacterial species was further improved by the lipid-loaded erythromycin that was carried on the surface of keratin microparticles. This work has demonstrated the design and uses of the keratin microparticles obtained from porcupine quills for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Majeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Hoorulain Farhat
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Basharat Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abu ul Hassan Faiz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh, Pakistan
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali O. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaish Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al Ali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Al Nakhil Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman M. Momenah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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H FM, Krishnan AM, Prabagaran S, Venkatesh R, Kumar DS, Christysudha J, Seikh A, Iqbal A, Ramaraj E. Optimization and prediction of CBN tool life sustainability during AA1100 CNC turning by response surface methodology. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18807. [PMID: 37560707 PMCID: PMC10407727 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aluminium alloy (AA1100) was familiar with automotive flexible shaft coupling applications due to its high strength, good machinability, and superior thermal and resistance to corrosion characteristics. Machining tool life drives the prominent role for deciding the product quality (machining) act aims to productivity target with zero interruptions. The novelty of this present investigation is the focus on increasing tool life during the complexity of CNC turning operation for AA1100 alloy by using CBN coated insert tool with varied input parameters of spindle speed (SS), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (DOC). Design of experiment (L16), analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical system adopted with response surface methodology (RSM) is implemented for experimental analysis. The turning input parameters of SS, f and DOC are considered as factors and its SS (900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 rpm), f (0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25), and DOC (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm) values are treated as levels. The investigational analysis was made with the ANOVA technique and the desirability of high tool life with input turning parameters was optimized by RSM, and sample no 11/16 was predicted as high tool life and performed with extended working hours compared to other samples. The RSM optimized best turning parameter combinations are 0.1 mm DOC, 0.2mm/rev to 0.25mm/rev f, and 1300 rpm-1500 rpm SS, facilitating a higher tool life of more than 20min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal M. H
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ilahia College of Engineering and Technology, Mulavoor, 686673, Kerala, India
| | - A. Mohana Krishnan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Trichy, 621112, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Prabagaran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Venkatesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - D. Satish Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - J. Christysudha
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Anand Institute of Higher Technology, Kazhipattur, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - A.H. Seikh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Iqbal
- Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Elangomathavan Ramaraj
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
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Majeed Z, Nawazish S, Baig A, Akhtar W, Iqbal A, Muhammad Khan W, Majid Bukhari S, Zaidi A, Loke Show P, Mansoor N. Effect of varying thickness properties of the slow release fertilizer films on morphology, biodegradability, urea release, soil health, and plant growth. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278568. [PMID: 36848343 PMCID: PMC9970067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Green biomass is a renewable and biodegradable material that has the potential use to trap urea to develop a high-efficiency urea fertilizer for crops' better performance. Current work examined the morphology, chemical composition, biodegradability, urea release, soil health, and plant growth effects of the SRF films subjected to changes in the thickness of 0.27, 0.54, and 1.03 mm. The morphology was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy, chemical composition was analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy, and biodegradability was assessed through evolved CO2 and CH4 quantified through Gas Chromatography. The chloroform fumigation technique was used for microbial growth assessment in the soil. The soil pH and redox potential were also measured using a specific probe. CHNS analyzer was used to calculate the total carbon and total nitrogen of the soil. A plant growth experiment was conducted on the Wheat plant (Triticum sativum). The thinner the films, the more they supported the growth and penetration of the soil's microorganisms mainly the species of fungus possibly due to the presence of lignin in films. The fingerprint regions of the infrared spectrum of SRF films showed all films in soil changed in their chemical composition due to biodegradation but the increase in the thickness possibly provides resistance to the films' losses. The higher thickness of the film delayed the rate and time for biodegradation and the release of methane gas in the soil. The 1.03 mm film (47% in 56 days) and 0.54 mm film (35% in 91 days) showed the slowest biodegradability as compared to the 0.27 mm film with the highest losses (60% in 35 days). The slow urea release is more affected by the increase in thickness. The Korsymer Pappas model with release exponent value of < 0.5 explained the release from the SRF films followed the quasi-fickian diffusion and also reduced the diffusion coefficient for urea. An increase in the pH and decrease in the redox potential of the soil is correlated with higher total organic content and total nitrogen in the soil in response to amending SRF films with variable thickness. Growth of the wheat plant showed the highest average plant length, leaf area index and grain per plant in response to the increase in the film's thickness. This work developed an important knowledge to enhance the efficiency of film encapsulated urea that can better slow the urea release if the thickness is optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Majeed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shamyla Nawazish
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Baig
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Wisal Muhammad Khan
- Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Syed Majid Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asma Zaidi
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nurlidia Mansoor
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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Morais KLP, Ciccone L, Stura E, Alvarez-Flores MP, Mourier G, Driessche MV, Sciani JM, Iqbal A, Kalil SP, Pereira GJ, Marques-Porto R, Cunegundes P, Juliano L, Servent D, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM. Structural and functional properties of the Kunitz-type and C-terminal domains of Amblyomin-X supporting its antitumor activity. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1072751. [PMID: 36845546 PMCID: PMC9948614 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1072751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amblyomin-X is a Kunitz-type FXa inhibitor identified through the transcriptome analysis of the salivary gland from Amblyomma sculptum tick. This protein consists of two domains of equivalent size, triggers apoptosis in different tumor cell lines, and promotes regression of tumor growth, and reduction of metastasis. To study the structural properties and functional roles of the N-terminal (N-ter) and C-terminal (C-ter) domains of Amblyomin-X, we synthesized them by solid-phase peptide synthesis, solved the X-Ray crystallographic structure of the N-ter domain, confirming its Kunitz-type signature, and studied their biological properties. We show here that the C-ter domain is responsible for the uptake of Amblyomin-X by tumor cells and highlight the ability of this domain to deliver intracellular cargo by the strong enhancement of the intracellular detection of molecules with low cellular-uptake efficiency (p15) after their coupling with the C-ter domain. In contrast, the N-ter Kunitz domain of Amblyomin-X is not capable of crossing through the cell membrane but is associated with tumor cell cytotoxicity when it is microinjected into the cells or fused to TAT cell-penetrating peptide. Additionally, we identify the minimum length C-terminal domain named F2C able to enter in the SK-MEL-28 cells and induces dynein chains gene expression modulation, a molecular motor that plays a role in the uptake and intracellular trafficking of Amblyomin-X.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. L. P. Morais
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L. Ciccone
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France,Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E. Stura
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M. P. Alvarez-Flores
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G. Mourier
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M. Vanden Driessche
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J. M. Sciani
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. Iqbal
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S. P. Kalil
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G. J. Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. Marques-Porto
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P. Cunegundes
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L. Juliano
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. Servent
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France,*Correspondence: D. Servent, ; A. M. Chudzinski-Tavassi,
| | - A. M. Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: D. Servent, ; A. M. Chudzinski-Tavassi,
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Khan RU, Khan M, Sohail A, Ullah R, Iqbal A, Ahmad B, Khan IU, Tariq A, Ahmad M, Said A, Ullah S, Ali A, Rahman MU, Zaman A, Bilal H. Efficacy of pentamidine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system for Leishmania tropica. Trop Biomed 2022; 39:511-517. [PMID: 36602209 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.4.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study compares the in vitro effects of nanoparticles loaded pentamidine drug and conventional pentamidine on Leishmania tropica. Herein, pentamidine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PTN-CNPs) have been synthesized through an ionic gelation method with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Next, the physical characteristics of PTN-CNPs were determined through the surface texture, zeta potential, in vitro drug release, drug loading content (DLC), and encapsulation efficacy (EE) and compared its efficacy with free pentamidine (PTN) drug against promastigotes and axenic amastigotes forms of L. tropica in vitro. The PTN-CNPs displayed a spherical shape having a size of 88 nm, an almost negative surface charge (-3.09 mV), EE for PTN entrapment of 86%, and in vitro drug release of 92% after 36 h. In vitro antileishmanial activity of PTN-CNPs and free PTN was performed against Leishmania tropica KWH23 promastigote and axenic amastigote using 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyletetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. It was observed that the effect of PTN-CNPs and free PTN on both forms of the parasite was dose and time dependent. Free PTN presented low efficacy even at higher dose (40 µg/ml) with 25.6 ± 1.3 and 26.5 ±1.4 mean viability rate of the promastigotes and axenic amastigotes, respectively after 72 hrs incubation. While PTN-CNPs showed strong antileishmanial effects on both forms of parasite with 16 ± 0.4 and 19 ± 0.7 mean viability rate at the same higher concentration (40 µg/ml) after 72 hrs incubation. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of PTN-CNPs toward promastigotes and amastigotes were obtained as 0.1375 µg/ml and 0.1910 µg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, PTN-CNPs effectively inhibited both forms of the L. tropica; however, its effect was more salient on promastigotes. This data indicates that the PTN-CNPs act as a target drug delivery system. However, further research is needed to support its efficacy in animal and human CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R U Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Sohail
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - R Ullah
- Department of Dairy Technology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - B Ahmad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab, 25000, Pakistan
| | - I U Khan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Tariq
- Directorate of Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-E Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Said
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M U Rahman
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Zaman
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - H Bilal
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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10
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Bandyopadhyay S, Sheen AJ, Iqbal A. P-116 UNUSUAL VISCERAL CONTENT IN PARASTOMAL HERNIAS - A REVIEW OF LITERATURE. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Parastomal hernias remain the most common complication of an ileostomy or colostomy - It is estimated that upto 50 percent of patients with a stoma will develop one. They may be classified as Interstitial, Subcutaneous, Intrastomal or Peristomal. The most common contents of Parastomal Hernias are bowel and omentum.However, other visceras have been reported as a content of a parastomal hernia. This presentation is aimed at a literature review of such surprise surgical situations that are challenging to the surgeons.
Presence of gallbladder in a parastomal hernia has been reported by multiple authors - there is reported incidence of incarceration or acute inflammation of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy t the time of parastomal hernia repair has been reported though some patients have been treated non-operatively as well.
Similarly, there have been multiple reports of stomach beong the contents of parastomal hernias - there have been patients presenting with gastric outlet obstruction who have been found to have the stomach being a content of their parastomal herniation.
This presentation reviews the available literature and presents the challenges and oprions that a surgeon may face when treating similar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bandyopadhyay
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A J Sheen
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A Iqbal
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
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11
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Bandyopadhyay S, Iqbal A, Sheen AJ. P-115 HYBRID REPAIR OF RECURRENT COMPLEX GROIN HERNIA - CHALLENGES AND LESSONS LEARNT. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A 45 year old lady presented with a recurrent swelling over the right groin that had gradually turned tense and tender over the last 48 hours. Having undergone an urgent right femoral hernia repair in 2002, she underwent an inguinal hernioplasty in 2004 and amesh repair of a recurrent inguinal hernia in 2008. She developed a third recurrence that slowly increased in size and needed an urgent repair. At assessment, she was found to have a large complete recurrent irreducible right inguinal hernia containing loops of bowel.
At laparoscopy, multiple loops of bowel and omentum were reduced from a large multiloculated hernial sac. In view of the large sac which had incorporated the previously placed meshes in the wall, a decision was made to abandon laparoscopic approach. The myopectineal orifice was approached through a groin incision and the hernial sac with it's locules, including a prevascular component, was defined. The posterior sheath was defined and the rigt rectus muscle, displaced by the hernia, was repositioned. The dissection was carried upto the Space of Bogros to ensure that no component of the hernia was missed out. After completing a formal herniotomy, a sandwich prosthesis, created by stitching a biomesh and a polypropylene mesh, was utilised for hernia repair.
The patient had an uneventful recovery.
The presentation is aimed at discussing the challenges of repairing a complex recurrent hernia, the possible pitfalls and lessons learnt.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bandyopadhyay
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A Iqbal
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - A J Sheen
- HPB Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary , Manchester , United Kingdom
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12
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Iqbal A, Kaul A, Sheen AJ. P-083 AMYANDS HERNIA WITH RENAL CELL CARCINOMA - A RARE CASE PRESENTATION. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
47 year old gentleman presented to the emergency department with 2 days history of lower abdominal pain and right inguinal swelling which has increased in size during the same duration, he also had one episode of vomiting, bloating and constipation since 2 days. Investigations revealed an inflamed appendix within the right inguinal hernia along with a left renal lesion. The patient underwent emergency open primary repair of inguinal hernia with appendicectomy. Followed up with urology as an outpatient regarding renal lesion and with MDT discussion the patient was subjected for a partial nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iqbal
- Hepato pancreato biliary surgery , Manchester royal Infirmary , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Kaul
- Hepato pancreato biliary surgery , Manchester royal Infirmary , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A J Sheen
- Hepato pancreato biliary surgery , Manchester royal Infirmary , Manchester, United Kingdom
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13
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Saeed S, Iqbal A, Deeba F. Biodegradation study of Polyethylene and PVC using naturally occurring plastic degrading microbes. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:497. [PMID: 35849190 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
One of the most serious man-made concerns today is the ever-increasing amount of plastic waste overwhelming the planet. The worldwide interest in using polymers consistently expanded over the years. Because of the plastic wastes thrown into the environment, outrageously the plastic pollution is increasing. In the present study, degradation of PVC and polyethylene-derived synthetic polymers has been carried out. The fungi and bacteria were isolated from the soil of the plastic waste environment and were used for the biodegradation of plastic films. Successful bacterial candidates for biodegradation were identified after screening. The bacterial strain Sb1 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis and Sb2 as Achromobacter xylosoxidans. The fungal strains Sf.1 and Sf.2 were identified as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus glaucus, respectively. The degraded polymeric films were critically assessed by following the characterization methods like weight loss, FTIR and SEM. The results indicate that the polymers of polyethylene sample showed 32.2% degradation using bacterial strains and 40% using fungal strains in a time duration of just 4 weeks. PVC samples degraded 17 and 32% by fungal strains after 4 weeks. The changes in surface topography was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and the changes in functional groups intensity was observed using the FTIR. Different parameters, varying temperature, pH, and inoculum concentration, were also evaluated, which implied that plastic waste treated by fungal and bacterial strains gives significant (p < 0.05) result in polymer degradation. As a result, the current research gave a scientific justification that bacteria and fungus could be further developed as promising candidates for plastic bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Saeed
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
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14
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Sher AA, Iqbal A, Adil M, Ullah S, Bawazeer S, Binmahri MK, Zamil LZ, Irfan M. GC-MS analysis of organic fractions of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A.Juss. and their prokinetic propensity in animal models. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e260566. [PMID: 35613215 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A.Juss. is herbaceous, monecious annual plant used traditionally to cure gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was carried out to find the bioactive compounds by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential acute toxicity, and emetic activity present in the ethyl acetate fraction of Chrozophora tinctoria (EAFCT) and dichloromethane fraction of Chrozophora tinctoria (DCMFCT). The compounds detected in both fractions were mostly fatty acids, with about seven compounds in EAFCT and 10 in DCMFCT. These included pharmacologically active compounds such as imipramine, used to treat depression, or hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, an antioxidant, nematicide, pesticide, hypocholesterolemic, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- is used as a cancer preventive, antiarthritic, antihistaminic, hepatoprotective, insectifuge, nematicide, Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester have antifungal, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, 10-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester have the property to decrease blood cholesterol, Antioxidant and antimicrobial, 1-Eicosanol is used as an antibacterial, 1-Hexadecene has antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal activities. Both DCMFCT and EAFCT fractions inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with IC50 values of 10 µg and 130 µg, respectively. Both the fractions were found to be toxic in a dose-dependent manner, inducing emesis at 0.5g onward and lethargy and mortality from 3-5 g upwards. Both the fractions combined with distilled water showed highly emetic activity. The significant increase in the number of vomits was shown by EAFCT plus distilled water which are 7.50±1.29, 7.25±3.10, and 11.75±2.22 number of vomits at 1g, 2g, and 3g/kg concentration respectively, while DCMFCT plus distilled water showed 5.25±2.22, 7.50±2.52 and 10.25±2.22 number of vomits at 1g, 2, and 3g/kg correspondingly. The antiemetic standard drug metoclopramide has a higher impact against the emesis induced by both the fractions than dimenhydrinate. Metoclopramide decreases the number of vomits caused by EAFCT to 1.00±0.00, 2.00±0.00, 4.00±1.00 at 1g, 2, and 3g/kg sequentially, while dimenhydrinate decreases the number of vomits to 1.33±0.58, 2.33±1.15, 4.33±0.58 at 1g, 2, and 3g respectively. In the same way, Metochloprimide decreases the number of emesis caused by DcmCt from 5.25±2.22, 7.50±2.52, 10.25±2.22 to 1.33±0.58, 2.33±1.1, 4.33±0.58 at 1g, 2, and 3g/kg concentrations. The present study is the first documented report that scientifically validates the folkloric use of Chrozophora tinctoria as an emetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Sher
- Islamia College University, Deparment of Botany, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- Islamia College University, Deparment of Botany, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Adil
- Qurtaba University Peshawar, Department of Botany, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- Islamia College University, Deparment of Botany, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M K Binmahri
- Ministry of Health, Rabigh General Hospital, Emergency Department, Peshawar, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Z Zamil
- Ministry of Health King abdulaziz hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Irfan
- Abdul Wali Khan University, Department of Botany, Mardan, Pakistan.,University of Swabi, Department of Botany, Swabi, Pakistan.,Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Uzma M, Iqbal A, Hasnain S. Drought tolerance induction and growth promotion by indole acetic acid producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Vigna radiata. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262932. [PMID: 35120147 PMCID: PMC8815908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought accompanied with reduced precipitation is one of the key manacles to global agricultural throughput and is expected to escalate further hence posing major challenges to future food safety. For a sustainable agricultural environment, drought resistant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are new encouraging prospect, which are inexpensive and have no side effects, as those of synthetic fertilizers. In the present study, five strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the strain MK513745, strain MK513746, strain MK513747, strain MK513748, and strain MK513749 were used as drought tolerant PGPR with multiple traits of IAA production, N fixation, P solubilization, siderophore producing capabilities. The strain MK513745 and strain MK513749 produced higher quantities of indole acetic acid (116±0.13 and 108±0.26 μg ml-1). MK513749 yielded 12 different indole compounds in GCMS analysis. The strain MK513748 yielded maximum S.I. (3.33mm) for phosphate solubilizing test. Maximum nitrogen concentration was produced (0.18 μg ml-1) by strain MK513746. Percent siderophore units ranged from 2.65% to 2.83% as all five pseudomonas strains were siderophore positive. In all growth experiments of plant microbe interaction two varieties of Vigna radiata (AZRI-06, NM-11) plants inoculated with P. aeruginosa strains under drought stress responded significantly (P<0.05) better than control stressed plants. Maximum shoot length was enhanced up-to 125%, pod/plant 172%, number of grains 65%, 100 seed weight 95%, 100 seed straw weight 124% and total yield 293% were recorded in plants inoculated with drought stress tolerant PGPR in both varieties as compared to respective stressed control plants. Photosynthetic activity, membrane stability (45%), water content (68%) and antioxidant efficacy (19%) were improved with PGPR inoculations. The variety NM-11 (V2) was more tolerant to drought stress with inoculations of Pseudomonas strains than AZRI-06 (V1). Inoculations with these indole acetic acid producing strains would be suitable for plant growth promotion in areas facing water deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Uzma
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahida Hasnain
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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16
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Awan F, Ali MM, Afridi IQ, Kalsoom S, Firyal S, Nawaz S, Akhtar R, Iqbal A, Saeed S, Naseer R, Mehmood T, Luqman N, Ahmad H, Sadia H, Taseer MSA, Khan AR, Rafique N. Drinking water quality of various sources in Peshawar, Mardan, Kohat and Swat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e255755. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.255755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present study involves the chemical and bacteriological analysis of water from different sources i.e., bore, wells, bottle, and tap, from Peshawar, Mardan, Swat and Kohat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, Pakistan. From each district, 50 water samples (10 samples from each source), regardless of urban and rural status, were collected from these sources and analysed for sulphates, nitrates, nitrites, chlorides, total soluble solids and coliforms (E. coli). Results indicated that majority of the water sources had unacceptable E. coli count i.e.> 34 CFU/100mL. E. coli positive samples were high in Mardan District, followed by Kohat, Swat and Peshawar district. Besides this, the some water sources were also chemically contaminated by different inorganic fertilizers (nitrates/nitrites of sodium, potassium) but under safe levels whereas agricultural and industrial wastes (chloride and sulphate compounds) were in unsafe range. Among all districts, the water quality was found comparatively more deteriorated in Kohat and Mardan districts than Peshawar and Swat districts. Such chemically and bacteriologically unfit water sources for drinking and can cause human health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Awan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M. M. Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Kalsoom
- Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - S. Firyal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S. Nawaz
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R. Akhtar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - A. Iqbal
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S. Saeed
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R. Naseer
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - T. Mehmood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - N. Luqman
- Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Pakistan
| | - H.M. Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - H. Sadia
- Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - A. R. Khan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - N. Rafique
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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17
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Jabeen R, Iqbal A, Deeba F, Zulfiqar F, Mustafa G, Nawaz H, Habiba U, Nafees M, Zaid A, Siddique KHM. Isolation and characterization of peroxidase P7-like gene and Rab-GDI like gene from potential medicinal plants: A step toward understanding cell defense signaling. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:975852. [PMID: 36119597 PMCID: PMC9478186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.975852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Defensin genes form part of a plant's defense system and are activated when exposed to biotic or abiotic stress. They play a vital role in controlling many signaling pathways involved in various plant defense mechanisms. This research aimed to isolate and characterize novel defensin genes from selected medicinally important plants to explore their signaling mechanisms and defense associated roles for breeding. The DNA of Albizia lebbeck and Moringa oleifera was subjected to PCR amplification using gene-specific primers of defensin genes. Two novel defensin genes were isolated in each species, with sequence lengths of 300 bp in A. lebbeck and 150 bp in M. oleifera. In-silico analysis undertaken to retrieve and align their orthologous sequences revealed 100% similarity of the A. lebbeck gene with the Musa acuminate peroxidase P7-like gene and 85% similarity of the M. oleifera gene with the Manihot esculenta GDP dissociation inhibitor gene. The reliability, stability and physiochemical properties of homology models of these sequences was confirmed through online computational studies. This preliminary study confirmed the presence of novel genes with peroxidase P7 and Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor gene-like activity in A. lebbeck and M. oleifera, respectively, and their potential defense role in plants. Thus, the defensin genes of both species could be used in the synthesis of transgenic self-defensive plants with increased disease resistance and as potential candidates for improved crop production and thraputic formulation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheela Jabeen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Raheela Jabeen,
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Farah Deeba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Faisal Zulfiqar,
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemsitry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ume Habiba
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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18
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Masud R, Khan AUH, Baqai HZ, Iqbal A. The Correlation of MTHFR SNPs, Homocysteine, and Conventional Risk Predictors with Coronary Artery Disease. RUSS J GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795421110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Khan M, Iqbal A. 1549 Patient Perception on Hand Trauma Management Through a Plastic Surgery Trauma Clinic. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
We assessed patient perceptions of hand trauma management through a plastic surgery trauma clinic. We also assessed effects of educating patients about outcomes of their condition on their desire to have prompt surgery.
Method
A prospective survey review was conducted at our plastic surgery trauma clinic. Patients included were those referred due to simple hand trauma. Any patients needing urgent admissions were excluded. An anonymous survey assessing patient perceptions before and after education about delay in surgery was distributed.
Results
Of 100 patients, there were mixed expectations regarding trauma clinic; 38% (n = 38) expect an operation, 32% (n = 32) expect no operation and 30% (n = 30) expect either option. 90% (n = 90) expect surgery within a week (50% n = 50) or within a day (40% n = 40); 10% expect it (n = 10) within a few weeks. After educating patients about no negative effects on their condition from surgical delay, 43% (n = 17) fewer patients desired surgery within a day, and 8% (n = 3) fewer patients desired surgery within a week. 190% (n = 19) more patients were willing to have surgery within a few weeks. 79% (n = 79) would rather come back at a guaranteed surgical slot than stay in hospital until a slot is available. 72% (n = 72) considered knowledge about long-term outcomes associated with surgical delay to influence their decision more than anaesthetic type (12% n = 12) and personal circumstances (16% n = 16).
Conclusions
If appropriate patients are assured that their condition will not be affected by surgical delay, fewer patients may stay in hospital with financial benefits of reduced bed occupancy and reduced covid risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khan
- Whiston Hospital, Whiston, United Kingdom
| | - A Iqbal
- Whiston Hospital, Whiston, United Kingdom
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20
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Hussain Z, Sun Y, Shah SH, Khan H, Ali S, Iqbal A, Zia MA, Ali SS. The dynamics of genome size and GC contents evolution in genus Nicotiana. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e245372. [PMID: 34669791 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.245372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization and Polyploidization are most common of the phenomenon observed in plants, especially in the genus Nicotiana leading to the duplication of genome. Although genomic changes associated with these events has been studied at various levels but the genome size and GC content variation is less understood because of absence of sufficient genomic data. In this study the flow cytometry technique was used to uncover the genome size and GC contents of 46 Nicotiana species and we compared the genomic changes associated with the hybridization events along evolutionary time scale. The genome size among Nicotiana species varied between 3.28 pg and 11.88 pg whereas GC contents varied between 37.22% and 51.25%. The tetraploid species in genus Nicotiana including section Polydiclae, Repandae, Nicotiana, Rustica and Sauveolentes revealed both up and downsizing in their genome sizes when compared to the sum of genomes of their ancestral species. The genome sizes of three homoploid hybrids were found near their ancestral species. Loss of large genome sequence was observed in the evolutionary more aged species (>10 Myr) as compared to the recently evolved one's (<0.2 Myr). The GC contents were found homogenous with a mean difference of 2.46% among the Nicotiana species. It is concluded that genome size change appeared in either direction whereas the GC contents were found more homogenous in genus Nicotiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hussain
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Swat, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, Mingora, Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Y Sun
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - S H Shah
- Allama Iqbal Open University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H Khan
- Quid-e-Azam University, Department of Biotechnology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ali
- University of Swat, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, Mingora, Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Swat, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, Mingora, Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M A Zia
- National Agricultural Research Centre - NARC, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology - NIGAB, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S S Ali
- University of Swat, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, Mingora, Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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21
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Muhammad S, Maqbool MF, Al-Sehemi AG, Iqbal A, Khan M, Ullah S, Khan MT. A threefold approach including quantum chemical, molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies to explore the natural compounds from Centaurea jacea as the potential inhibitors for COVID-19. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e247604. [PMID: 34495156 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.247604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current report, we studied the possible inhibitors of COVID-19 from bioactive constituents of Centaurea jacea using a threefold approach consisting of quantum chemical, molecular docking and molecular dynamic techniques. Centaurea jacea is a perennial herb often used in folk medicines of dermatological complaints and fever. Moreover, anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral properties of its bioactive compounds are also reported. The Mpro (Main proteases) was docked with different compounds of Centaurea jacea through molecular docking. All the studied compounds including apigenin, axillarin, Centaureidin, Cirsiliol, Eupatorin and Isokaempferide, show suitable binding affinities to the binding site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease with their binding energies -6.7 kcal/mol, -7.4 kcal/mol, -7.0 kcal/mol, -5.8 kcal/mol, -6.2 kcal/mol and -6.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Among all studied compounds, axillarin was found to have maximum inhibitor efficiency followed by Centaureidin, Isokaempferide, Apigenin, Eupatorin and Cirsiliol. Our results suggested that axillarin binds with the most crucial catalytic residues CYS145 and HIS41 of the Mpro, moreover axillarin shows 5 hydrogen bond interactions and 5 hydrophobic interactions with various residues of Mpro. Furthermore, the molecular dynamic calculations over 60 ns (6×106 femtosecond) time scale also shown significant insights into the binding effects of axillarin with Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 by imitating protein like aqueous environment. From molecular dynamic calculations, the RMSD and RMSF computations indicate the stability and dynamics of the best docked complex in aqueous environment. The ADME properties and toxicity prediction analysis of axillarin also recommended it as safe drug candidate. Further, in vivo and in vitro investigations are essential to ensure the anti SARS-CoV-2 activity of all bioactive compounds particularly axillarin to encourage preventive use of Centaurea jacea against COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muhammad
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Physics, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M F Maqbool
- University of the Punjab, Department of Zoology, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A G Al-Sehemi
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,King Khalid University, Research Center for Advanced Material Science - RCAMS, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- University of the Punjab, Department of Zoology, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M T Khan
- The University of Lahore, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - IMBB, Lahore, Pakistan
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22
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Ali K, Iqbal A, Bukhari SM, Safdar S, Raiz A, Ali W, Hussain A, Javid A, Hussain M, Ali MM, Mahmud A, Iqbal MJ, Nasir MF, Mubeen I, Kanwal S, Sughra F, Khattak A, Saleem M. Amelioration potential of Moringa oleifera extracts against sodium arsenate induced embryotoxicity and genotoxicity in mouse (Mus musculus). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e248022. [PMID: 34468531 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.248022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that arsenic crosses the placenta and affects the fetus development. The study under consideration aims to show comparative ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera leaf and flower extracts against sodium arsenate induced fetus toxicity of mice. Pregnant mice (N=44) were kept in lab and divided into eleven group from (A to K) and were orally administered the doses 6 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg for sodium arsenate, 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for Moringa oleifera leaf extracts (MOLE) and 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for Moringa oleifera flower extracts (MOFE) comparing with control. The investigation revealed evident reduction in the fetuses weight, hind limb, fore limb, tail and snout length, crown rump and head circumferences well as malformations in tail, feet, arms, legs, skin and eyes in the negative control group (only administered with sodium arsenate). Co-administration of sodium arsenate with MOLE and MOFE ameliorate the reversed effect of sodium arsenate on the shape, length, body weight and DNA damage of fetus significantly at 95% confidence interval. However, Moringa oleifera leaf extract showed more significant results in comparison to Moringa oleifera flower extract. Hence concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf extract ameliorated the embryo toxic effects of sodium arsenate and can be used against environmental teratogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ali
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Safdar
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Raiz
- Department of Zoology, GC Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M M Ali
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmud
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Production, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M J Iqbal
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Zoology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M F Nasir
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Department of Zoology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - I Mubeen
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Kanwal
- University of Okara, Department of Zoology, Okara, Pakistan
| | - F Sughra
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Division of Science & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Khattak
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- Department of Zoology, Virtual University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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23
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Saleem S, Iqbal A, Ahmed F, Ahmad M. Phytobeneficial and salt stress mitigating efficacy of IAA producing salt tolerant strains in Gossypium hirsutum. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5317-5324. [PMID: 34466110 PMCID: PMC8381066 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major agricultural concern that significantly limits the crop productivity. The plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may contribute in sustainable crop production under salt stress. The current study was designed to isolate the Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) producing salt tolerant PGPR to promote the growth of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, FH-142) and induce its salt stress tolerance. Ten Salt Tolerant (ST) bacterial strains were screened for their PGP trait in vitro and evaluated for their beneficial effect on cotton plants growth by plant–microbe interaction assay in lab and under natural condition. GC–MS analysis of the metabolites of the selected bacterial strains confirmed the presence of indolic compounds like indole, indole-3-butyramide, benzylmalonic acid and 4-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. The bacterial isolates ST4, ST5, ST6, ST15, ST16, ST17, ST18, ST20, ST22 and ST25 were identified as Bacillus sp., B. sonorensis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, Brevibacillus sp. B. safensis, B. paramycoides, Bacillus sp., B. cereus and B. tequilensis respectively on the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing. Bacteria inoculated plants had a significant (P < 0.05) increase in percentage germination up to (31%), root length (17%) and shoot length (34%) in lab while in wire house pot experiments, maximum enhancement in root length (31%) and shoot length (29%) was observed. ST bacterial strains inoculation improved the chlorophyll content index (34%), relative water content (36%), leaf area (33%), absorption of K+ (28%) and decreased the uptake of Na+ (58%) from soil in plants under salt stress over control in pot experiment. These ST PGPR have the potential to act as plant defense agents by enhancing plant growth, productivity, and tolerance in saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Saleem
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Matital Campus, The Women University Multan, P.O. Box No. 60000, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Matital Campus, The Women University Multan, P.O. Box No. 60000, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fiaz Ahmed
- Department of Plant Physiology/Chemistry Section, Central Cotton Research Institute Multan, P.O. Box No. 572, Old Shujabad Road, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, P.O. Box No. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
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24
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Mustafa G, Iqbal A, Javid A, Hussain A, Bukhari SM, Ali W, Saleem M, Azam SM, Sughra F, Ali A, Rehman KU, Andleeb S, Sadiq N, Hussain SM, Ahmad A, Ahmad U. Variations in nutritional profile of honey produced by various species of genus Apis. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246651. [PMID: 34378683 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal attributes of honey appears to overshadow its importance as a functional food. Consequently, several literatures are rife with ancient uses of honey as complementary and alternative medicine, with relevance to modern day health care, supported by evidence-based clinical data, with little attention given to honey's nutritional functions. The moisture contents of honey extracted from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore honey bee farm was 12.19% while that of natural source was 9.03 ± 1.63%. Similarly, ash and protein contents of farmed honey recorded were 0.37% and 5.22%, respectively. Whereas ash and protein contents of natural honey were 1.70 ± 1.98% and 6.10 ± 0.79%. Likewise fat, dietary fiber and carbohydrates contents of farmed source documented were 0.14%, 1.99% and 62.26% respectively. Although fat, dietary fiber and carbohydrates contents of honey taken from natural resource were 0.54 ± 0.28%, 2.76 ± 1.07% and 55.32 ± 2.91% respectively. Glucose and fructose contents of honey taken out from honeybee farm were 27% and 34% but natural source were 22.50 ± 2.12% and 28.50 ± 3.54%. Glucose and fructose contents of honey taken out from honeybee farm were 27% and 34% but natural source were 22.50 ± 2.12% and 28.50 ± 3.54%. Similarly, sucrose and maltose contents of farmed honey were 2.5% and 12% while in natural honey were 1.35 ± 0.49% and 8.00 ± 1.41% respectively. The present study indicates that such as moisture, carbohydrates, sucrose and maltose contents were higher farmed honey as compared to the natural honey. In our recommendation natural honey is better than farmed honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mustafa
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Sughra
- University of Education, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - K Ur Rehman
- Govt. College Women University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sailkot, Pakistan
| | - S Andleeb
- Govt. College Women University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sailkot, Pakistan
| | - N Sadiq
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ahmad
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Para-Veterinary Institute, Karor, Layyah (Sub-Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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25
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Kalim B, Ali NM, Iqbal A, Zahid MT, Rehman S, Bashir N, Ali R. Modulating the production of xylanase by Bacillus pumilus BS131 through optimization using waste fiber sludge. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e243874. [PMID: 34378658 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent days, cheapest alternative carbon source for fermentation purpose is desirable to minimize production cost. Xylanases have become attractive enzymes as their potential in bio-bleaching of pulp and paper industry. The objective of the present study was to identify the potential ability on the xylanase production by locally isolated Bacillus pumilus BS131 by using waste fiber sludge and wheat bran media under submerged fermentation. Culture growth conditions were optimized to obtain significant amount of xylanase. Maximum xylanase production was recorded after 72 hours of incubation at 30 °C and 7 pH with 4.0% substrate concentration. In the nutshell, the production of xylanase using inexpensive waste fiber sludge and wheat-bran as an alternative in place of expensive xylan substrate was more cost effective and environment friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kalim
- GC University, Department of Zoology, Microbiology Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N M Ali
- GC University, Department of Zoology, Microbiology Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wild Life and Ecology, Developmental Biology Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M T Zahid
- GC University, Department of Zoology, Molecular Biology Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Rehman
- GC University, Department of Zoology, Microbiology Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Bashir
- GC University, Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Ali
- University of the Punjab, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Biochemistry Laboratories, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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26
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Siddiqui IA, Botchu R, Dalavaye SK, Iqbal A. Skeletal scintigraphy for a patient with a hip fracture. Skeletal Radiol 2021; 50:1715-1716. [PMID: 33410961 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I A Siddiqui
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
| | - R Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S K Dalavaye
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
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27
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Siddiqui IA, Botchu R, Dalavaye SK, Iqbal A. Skeletal scintigraphy for a patient with a hip fracture. Post-operative ischaemic lower limb. Skeletal Radiol 2021; 50:1735-1737. [PMID: 33410962 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I A Siddiqui
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
| | - R Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S K Dalavaye
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK
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28
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Baamer RM, Iqbal A, Lobo DN, Knaggs RD, Levy NA, Toh LS. O39 Unidimensional and functional pain assessment tools in postoperative adult patients: a systematic review of their development and utility. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab282.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal descriptor scale, and faces pain scale are used to measure postoperative pain in adults. However, their utility in this population has not been reviewed systematically. We aimed to summarise and appraise the evidence relating to the measurement properties of unidimensional tools when used for this population and to identify available tools assessing the impact of pain on the restoration of function.
Method
Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched up to August 2020 for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened articles and assessed risk of bias using the COensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist.
Result
Thirty-one studies were included. Only one study included an objective pain score; a tool assessing pain interference with function and reported low-quality evidence for construct validity. Studies looked at unidimensional tools were underpinned by low or very low-quality evidence for reliability, and all displayed a low quality of evidence of indeterminate responsiveness. Measurement error was only reported for VAS in one study of moderate quality. Interpretability results were available only for VAS and NRS. Feasibility results varied based on the included population.
Conclusion
Despite the extensive use of unidimensional tools, there is no evidence to suggest that any of these tools has superior measurement properties for postoperative pain. Therefore, future studies should be prioritised to assess their validity, measurement error and responsiveness. Validation studies of pain assessment tools that promote function are needed.
Take-home Message
Take home message: Functional pain scores should be assessed and validated for postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Baamer
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Iqbal
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D N Lobo
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R D Knaggs
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - N A Levy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St. Edmunds, UK
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29
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Burns AD, Alghamadi R, Iqbal A, Davies T, Lane D, Patel P, Gupta P. Urine Concentration Does Not Affect Biochemical Testing for Non-adherence. J Anal Toxicol 2021; 45:e1-e5. [PMID: 33300570 PMCID: PMC7953415 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factor causing cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, non-adherence to antihypertensive medications is frequently observed in hypertensive patients and can lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Until recently, there was no robust clinical method to objectively diagnose non-adherence. Recently, the detection of medications in urine or blood by mass spectrometry techniques such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) has been accepted as the diagnostic method of choice for the detection of non-adherence. Despite this, it is unclear whether the concentration of urine can affect the detection of medications in urine. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of urine concentration on detection of antihypertensive medications by LC–MS-MS in which urine creatinine is used as an independent marker of urine concentration. Biochemical adherence results for 22 different medications (1,709 prescriptions) in 463 different subjects were converted to an adherence score. The adherence score was defined as the ratio of the total number of subjects in which the drug was detected to the total number of subjects to whom the drug was prescribed. The adherence scores for each medication were correlated with urine creatinine concentration for each medication. Non-adherence was observed in 47.1% of samples with a mean urine creatinine concentration of these samples of 9.4 ± 7.1 mmol/L. There was no significant difference between the urine creatinine concentrations in the detected vs non-detected groups for each of the 22 medications. Furthermore, there are no differences in adherence scores across the urine creatinine concentration. This is the first study to demonstrate that urine creatinine concentration does not affect the results of the adherence screening by LC–MS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Burns
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - R Alghamadi
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.,Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - T Davies
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - D Lane
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - P Patel
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - P Gupta
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Chemical Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
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30
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Singh S, Goel S, Iqbal A. Anatomical segment 4b/5 resection for gall bladder cancer using intraoperative ultrasound. J Visc Surg 2021; 158:253-257. [PMID: 33896696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv-Gandhi cancer Institute and research centre, Delhi, India.
| | - S Goel
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv-Gandhi cancer Institute and research centre, Delhi, India
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv-Gandhi cancer Institute and research centre, Delhi, India
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31
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Iqbal A, Toh LS, Knaggs RD, Anderson C. Factors promoting self-medication and irrational use of opioids in chronic non-malignant pain management in Pakistan: A qualitative in-depth investigation. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riab015.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In many Lower and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) people self-medicate, with non-prescription and prescription drugs both of which are easily available over the counter (1). One of the most common causes for self-medication is chronic pain (2). The role of community pharmacists becomes critical especially in LMICs where medicines are freely available and pharmacists are directly involved in supply of opioid medicines. Unresolved, prolonged chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) may lead to self-medication with opioid analgesics and can cause irrational use of opioids. The complications of self-medication with opioids are vast in terms of both scarce resources and adverse clinical consequences such as adverse drug reactions, drug interactions and mortality associated with the diversion from intended use of opioid medicines. Self- medication with opioid analgesics in LMICs have not been explored before.
Aim
This study was designed to explore the factors that might contribute in promoting self-medication and irrational opioid medicine use in CNMP management and exploring potential roles of community pharmacists in stopping/avoiding self-medication with opioids in one LMIC, Pakistan.
Method
Qualitative interviews involving various stakeholders such as pharmacy policy makers (n=10) and people suffering from CNMP (n=12) were conducted. Additionally, focus groups were conducted with community pharmacists (n=38) and doctors (n=30). A semi-structured interview guide was drafted after an extensive literature review and was used for individual interviews and focus groups for each stakeholder respectively. The study duration was from December 2019 to July 2020. Critical case sampling, a type of purposive sampling, was done in order to promote applicability to other cases. Data was analysed using a CAQDAS software N-vivo 12, using thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained.
Results
Non-availability of community pharmacists in all pharmacies and lack of medication review services are amongst the major factors that are contributing towards self-medication of opioid medicines. Additionally, lack of awareness of people about opioid medicines and absence of strict laws regarding sale of opioid medicines under a valid prescription allows easy availability and promotes aberrant drug seeking behaviour. These factors contribute towards people not seeking professional health care services for the management of CNMP and continue self-medicating with opioid medicines. As a result, they do not get effective analgesic relief and waste limited financial resources. The major themes and sub-themes are presented in Table 1.
Conclusion
Self-medication with opioid medicines can cause irrational, inappropriate, and ineffective use of medicines and can additionally burden the limited financial resources available for health care needs. This in-depth exploratory study identifies many barriers that can promote self-medication with opioids and recognises a need for a multi-faceted intervention involving community pharmacists to promote rational opioid medicine use. However, major limitations of the proposed intervention identified from this study are the absence of integrated health systems and under-utilisation of community pharmacy workforce. The government needs to invest in infrastructure development, develop new health policies regarding medicine sale and build the role and capacity of pharmacy workforce to perform specialised roles in public safety especially in opioid medicines.
References
1. Bennadi D. Self-medication: A current challenge. Journal of basic and clinical pharmacy. 2013;5(1):19.
2. Kaushal J, Gupta MC, Jindal P, Verma S. Self-medication patterns and drug use behavior in housewives belonging to the middle income group in a city in northern India. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian association of preventive & social medicine. 2012;37(1):16.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iqbal
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - L S Toh
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - R D Knaggs
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Primary Integrated Community Solutions, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Anderson
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Bernjak A, Novodvorsky P, Chow E, Iqbal A, Sellors L, Williams S, Fawdry RA, Marques JLB, Jacques RM, Campbell MJ, Sheridan PJ, Heller SR. Cardiac arrhythmias and electrophysiologic responses during spontaneous hyperglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab 2021; 47:101237. [PMID: 33647473 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM We examined the effect of spontaneous hyperglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and without history of cardiovascular disease on heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac repolarisation and incidence of cardiac arrhythmias. METHODS Thirty-seven individuals with T1DM (age 17-50 years, 19 males, mean duration of diabetes 19.3 SD(9.6) years) underwent 96 h of simultaneous ambulatory 12-lead Holter ECG and blinded continuous interstitial glucose (IG) monitoring (CGM). HRV, QT interval and cardiac repolarisation were assessed during hyperglycaemia (IG ≥ 15 mmol/l) and compared with matched euglycaemia (IG 5-10 mmol/l) on a different day, separately during the day and night. Rates of arrhythmias were assessed by calculating incidence rate differences. RESULTS Simultaneous ECG and CGM data were recorded for 2395 hours. During daytime hyperglycaemia vs euglycaemia the mean QTc interval duration was 404 SD(21)ms vs 407 SD(20)ms, P = 0.263. T-peak to T-end interval duration corrected for heart rate (TpTendc) shortened: 74.8 SD(16.1)ms vs 79.0 SD(14.8)ms, P = 0.033 and T-wave symmetry increased: 1.62 SD(0.33) vs 1.50 SD(0.39), P = 0.02. During night-time hyperglycaemia vs euglycaemia, the mean QTc interval duration was 401 SD(26)ms vs 404 SD(27)ms, P = 0.13 and TpTend shortened: 62.4 SD(12.0)ms vs 67.1 SD(11.8)ms, P = 0.003. The number of cardiac arrhythmias was low and confined to bradycardia and isolated ectopic beats. A considerable inter-subject and diurnal variability was observed. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycaemia in individuals with T1DM without known cardiovascular disease was not associated with clinically important cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bernjak
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - P Novodvorsky
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E Chow
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Sellors
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Williams
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R A Fawdry
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - J L B Marques
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R M Jacques
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M J Campbell
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - P J Sheridan
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S R Heller
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Rimner A, Yorke E, Gelblum D, Shepherd A, Guttmann D, Iqbal A, Daly R, Offin M, Fiore J, Namakydoust A, Li H, Mccune M, Gelb E, Taunk N, Von Reibnitz D, Adusumilli P, Center M, Zauderer M. MA06.08 A Safety Study of Avelumab plus SBRT in Malignant Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ahmad A, Rajaji L, Iqbal A. A novel current controller design for grid-integrated PV inverter system. SN Appl Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDistributed generators are playing a vital role in supporting the grid in ever-increasing energy demands. Grid code regulation must be followed when integrating the photovoltaic inverter system to the grid. The paper investigates and analyzes a controller model for grid-connected PV inverters to inject sinusoidal current to the grid with minimum distortion. To achieve better tracking and disturbance rejection, a DSP-based current controller is designed with LCL filter. The controller gets the current feedback from the grid, compares it with reference current, and calculates duty cycle to generate PWM pulses to trigger H-bridge converters. The grid voltage is loaded to the initial value in proposed PR controller to ensure the initial inverter voltage to match the grid voltage. The paper presents a novel current controller algorithm for grid-connected inverter system, and simulation is done. A detailed analysis has been carried out to validate the proposed design algorithm. Experimental implementation of the current controller in the DC/AC converter circuits with an LCL filter is done for 5.4 kW to validate and match the simulation model.
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Musaddiq S, Imran Shahzad M, Firdous F, Iqbal A, Tanveer M, Ashraf A, Aslam S, Khakwani S. Thiazolidines: Potential anti-viral agents against avian influenza and infectious bronchitis viruses. Vet Res Forum 2020; 11:415-421. [PMID: 33643596 PMCID: PMC7904115 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.91264.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Viral outbreaks are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in livestock and human populations. Lack of good vaccines and poor control measures along with natural viral genetic drifting and shifting are the common causes of new viral strains and outbreaks. The current study reports the synthesis of some 2-aryl substituted thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acids 1a-h and their 3-acetyl 2a and 3-benzoyl derivatives 3a. Two important poultry viruses: Avian influenza virus (AIV; A/Chicken/Italy/1994/H9N2) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were selected, grown in 9-11 days old chicken embryonated eggs, and subjected to in ovo anti-viral assays. Most of the synthesized compounds were found active against AIV subtype H9N2 and IBV. In the case of AIV, the best results were attained for compound 1d which showed an IC50 value of 3.47 µM, while IBV 1c showed IC50 value of 4.10 µM. The lower IC50 values of these compounds correlate with the high potency of these compounds, especially in comparison with control groups. The standard drugs amantadine and ribavarin were used as positive controls in the case of AIV and IBV, respectively. Better results were obtained with 2-aryl substituted thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acids 1a-h compared to their N-acylated derivatives 2a and 3a against both viruses. In conclusion, this preliminary data support the idea that thiazolidine carboxylic acids could be used as anti-viral drugs against AIV and IBV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Musaddiq
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
| | - Mirza Imran Shahzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan;
| | - Farzana Firdous
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kutchery Campus, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Mehwish Tanveer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
| | - Abida Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
| | - Samina Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
| | - Samia Khakwani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan;
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Maklad A, Albalawi S, Alanazi M, Almalki M, Allazkani H, Aly M, Iqbal A, Marei A, Elawadi A, Balbaid A. Why volumetric modulated arc therapy is better than three dimensions conformal radiotherapy in prostate cancer? Dosimetric analysis from a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)36181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Puntambekar S, Chahal H, Bharambe S, Talla S, More S, Iqbal A, Barse S. Laparoscopic Excision of Obturator Nerve Schwannoma. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.08.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Arshad Ali S, Azim D, Hassan HM, Iqbal A, Ahmed N, Kumar S, Nasim S. The impact of COVID-19 on transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients of Karachi, Pakistan: A single-center experience. Transfus Clin Biol 2020; 28:60-67. [PMID: 33091482 PMCID: PMC7571494 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives With the advent of COVID-19 in Pakistan, the already fragmented blood transfusion services (BTS) received a severe blow, putting the lives of transfusion-dependent thalassemia children on stake. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 on blood transfusion therapy (BTT) of thalassemia patients and suggest ways to ensure safe and reliable blood supplies amid such health crises. Material and methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 (before COVID-19) to July 2020 (during COVID-19) based on the data provided by a thalassemia center, named Help International Welfare Trust, Karachi, Pakistan. SPSS version 24.0 was used for the data analysis. Data were described in the form of means and percentages. Results There was a significant reduction in the consumption of PRBCs bags after the emergence of COVID-19 (P = 0.002). Moreover, the number of thalassemia patients receiving BTT was dropped by 10.56% during the pandemic. There was a strong negative correlation observed between the rising cases of COVID-19 in Pakistan and the number of patients missing their therapy sessions (r = −0.914, P = 0.030). A considerable decline in the reserves of all Rhesus-negative blood groups amid the COVID-19 outbreak was also observed. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the already suboptimal care catered to thalassemia patients in Karachi, Pakistan. The fear of the virus contraction coupled with the lockdown and restricted mobility has disrupted the entire transfusion chain from donor to the recipient. Collaborated efforts by the government and healthcare authorities are essential to ensure sufficient blood for thalassemia patients amid the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arshad Ali
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - D Azim
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H M Hassan
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Kumar
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nasim
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-e-Urdu Road, 74200 Karachi, Pakistan
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Saeed S, Iqbal A, Ashraf MA. Bacterial-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their significant effect against pathogens. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:37347-37356. [PMID: 32130634 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are potent antimicrobials and could be used as a promising alternative of conventional antibiotics. The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria from soil that have ability to produce AgNPs by secondary metabolite activity and their elucidation against human pathogens. These strains Escherichia coli, Exiguobacterium aurantiacumm, and Brevundimonas diminuta with NCBI accession number MF754138, MF754139, and MF754140 respectively were grown for secondary metabolite production. The nanoparticles were confirmed and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The optimization study was also carried out to obtain the maximum production of silver nanoparticles. Three parameters, temperature, pH, and AgNO3 concentration, were used to optimize the production of silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial potential of these nanoparticles was addressed on the Muller-Hinton Agar, and their zones of inhibitions were measured. TEM analysis revealed the size and shape of the silver nanoparticles. All types of AgNPs were spherical in shape; their size range is from 5 to 50 nm. The findings of optimization study showed the maximum production of silver nanoparticles at the pH 9, temperature 37 °C, and 1 mM AgNO3 concentration. All the strains exhibited the great potential as antimicrobial agents against MRSA and several other MDR bacteria with minimum 10 mm to maximum 28 mm zone of inhibition. It was concluded that the present study is an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of AgNPs that will be beneficial to control the nosocomial infections triggered by MRSA and other human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Saeed
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Luo J, Rizvi H, Preeshagul IR, Egger JV, Hoyos D, Bandlamudi C, McCarthy CG, Falcon CJ, Schoenfeld AJ, Arbour KC, Chaft JE, Daly RM, Drilon A, Eng J, Iqbal A, Lai WV, Li BT, Lito P, Namakydoust A, Ng K, Offin M, Paik PK, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Yu HA, Zauderer MG, Donoghue MTA, Łuksza M, Greenbaum BD, Kris MG, Hellmann MD. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1386-1396. [PMID: 32561401 PMCID: PMC7297689 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lung cancers may have disproportionately severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. Understanding the patient-specific and cancer-specific features that impact the severity of COVID-19 may inform optimal cancer care during this pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined consecutive patients with lung cancer and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (n = 102) at a single center from 12 March 2020 to 6 May 2020. Thresholds of severity were defined a priori as hospitalization, intensive care unit/intubation/do not intubate ([ICU/intubation/DNI] a composite metric of severe disease), or death. Recovery was defined as >14 days from COVID-19 test and >3 days since symptom resolution. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were inferred from MSK-IMPACT (n = 46) and compared with controls with lung cancer and no known non-COVID-19 (n = 5166). RESULTS COVID-19 was severe in patients with lung cancer (62% hospitalized, 25% died). Although severe, COVID-19 accounted for a minority of overall lung cancer deaths during the pandemic (11% overall). Determinants of COVID-19 severity were largely patient-specific features, including smoking status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [odds ratio for severe COVID-19 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.07-9.44 comparing the median (23.5 pack-years) to never-smoker and 3.87, 95% confidence interval 1.35-9.68, respectively]. Cancer-specific features, including prior thoracic surgery/radiation and recent systemic therapies did not impact severity. Human leukocyte antigen supertypes were generally similar in mild or severe cases of COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 controls. Most patients recovered from COVID-19, including 25% patients initially requiring intubation. Among hospitalized patients, hydroxychloroquine did not improve COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION COVID-19 is associated with high burden of severity in patients with lung cancer. Patient-specific features, rather than cancer-specific features or treatments, are the greatest determinants of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - I R Preeshagul
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J V Egger
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - D Hoyos
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C Bandlamudi
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C G McCarthy
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C J Falcon
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A J Schoenfeld
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - K C Arbour
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J E Chaft
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - R M Daly
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J Eng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Iqbal
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - W V Lai
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - B T Li
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P Lito
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Namakydoust
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - K Ng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P K Paik
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - G J Riely
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - C M Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - H A Yu
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Zauderer
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M T A Donoghue
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M Łuksza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - B D Greenbaum
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Kris
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
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Saleem S, Iqbal A, Hasnain S. Bacterial mediated silver nanoparticles and their efficacy against MRSA. Trop Biomed 2020; 37:482-488. [PMID: 33612817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial mediated Silver nanoparticles is considered as an emerging Ecofriendly approach to eradicate human pathogens. This paper aims to provide the biological approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from indigenously isolated bacteria. This study will be beneficial to control the nosocomial infections triggered by MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). The current study is the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using the cell free filtrate of bacterial strains isolated from the soil. The optimization study was also carried out to obtain the maximum production of silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were confirmed and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) having the plasmon resonance peak between 420-450nm with 10-60nm in size range and most were spherical in shape. Synthesized silver nanoparticles showed a potential antibacterial activity against MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in-vitro study. This is the green approach for the production of AgNPs, as there was no previous work done on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bacteria in this region of Southern Punjab, Pakistan and these nanoparticles can be used to treat nosocomial infection. These silver nanoparticles can be used in effective disease management as antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saleem
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, P.O. Box 3010, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, P.O. Box 3010, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - S Hasnain
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Iqbal A, McLoughlin E, Patel A, James SL, Botchu R, Davies AM. Osteochondroma-induced pseudoaneurysms of the extremities mimicking sarcoma: a report of seven contemporary and one historical case. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:642.e9-642.e13. [PMID: 32317165 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To provide a diagnostic approach to distinguish osteochondroma-induced pseudoaneurysm from sarcoma on imaging and prevent biopsy which may be fatal. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of the orthopaedic oncology database was performed to identify all patients referred to specialist orthopaedic oncology service with a final diagnosis of osteochondroma-induced pseudoaneurysm. The demographics of the cohort, the anatomical location of the osteochondromas and pseudoaneurysms, and the imaging appearances were assessed. RESULTS Seven contemporary and one historical case of osteochondroma-induced-pseudoaneurysm were identified. There were five patients with solitary osteochondroma and three cases of hereditary multiple exostosis. Five cases underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of which pulsation artefact was present in 40%. On MRI, all the present cases demonstrated a small central pseudoaneurysm surrounded by multiple eccentric layers of thrombus and haemorrhage, which was termed the "eccentric-whorl sign". CONCLUSION Osteochondroma-induced pseudoaneurysms are often misdiagnosed as malignant transformation of an osteochondroma or a soft-tissue sarcoma and referred for urgent biopsy. This study presents the largest case series, which includes the first documented case diagnosed in 1934. Differentiating and characterising pseudoaneurysms from sarcomas is imperative in order to prevent a biopsy, which could be fatal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - E McLoughlin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Patel
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S L James
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
| | - A M Davies
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Çetingül I, Gültepe E, Rahman A, Iqbal A, Uyarlar C, Hacısalihoğlu S, Özçınar Ü, Bayram I. Pistacia terebinthus as a dietary supplement for laying hens. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v50i1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the potential of Pistacia terebinthus (terebinth) seed meal as a dietary supplement for laying hens. One hundred and ninety-two Babcock 30-week-old laying hens were assigned to one of six treatments (n = 32) with four replicates (n = 8). The hens were fed diets containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% terebinth seed meal for eight weeks. Weekly egg production, feed consumption, egg weight, and egg mass were recorded. Egg quality was assessed at the beginning, middle and end of the study. Blood sampling was carried out on 12 birds from each treatment. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were determined. Egg production was greater from hens fed 3% and 4% terebinth than those in the other treatments. Egg weight was increased by supplementation with 2% or more terebinth. Feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, eggshell breaking strength, yolk colour, Haugh units, concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, phosphorus and calcium in serum, and total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and the oxidative stress index did not differ across treatments. It is concluded that dietary terebinth seed supplementation generated positive effects on egg production and egg weight without adverse effects on egg quality or the metabolism of the hen.Keywords: antioxidant, egg production, egg quality, feed consumption, serum biochemistry
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Siddique F, Abbas R, Mahmood M, Iqbal A, Javaid A, Hussain I. Eco-epidemiology and pathogenesis of Newcastle disease in ostriches ( Struthio camelus). WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1746220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Siddique
- Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - R.Z. Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M.S. Mahmood
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Iqbal
- Department of Parasitology, Riphah College of Veterinary Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A. Javaid
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - I. Hussain
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Iqbal A, McLoughlin E, Beale D, James SL, Botchu R. The Posterior Lateral Femoral Contusion Sign (Aamer Botchu Sign): an Ancillary Sign of MCL Injury. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2020. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.01.2020.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - E. McLoughlin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - D. Beale
- Heath lodge clinic, Solihull, UK
| | - SL. James
- Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - R. Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Saad A, Waldron D, Iqbal A, Evans S, Panchal H, James S, Davies M, Botchu R. Anterior translation of the tibia in relation to femur in mucoid degeneration of ACL - An observational study. J Orthop 2020; 18:240-243. [PMID: 32071511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucoid degeneration (MD) of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are a well-known pathological entity.We have encountered several patients with MD of the ACL, found to have a anterior translation of tibia a exceeding 5 mm with an intact ACL. We studied this cohort and investigated the likely cause of this. Methods A retrospective search of our department's radiology system to identify all patients referred from the knee orthopaedic clinic for MR imaging over a span of 10 years. All patients had MD within the substance of the ACL and an intact ACL. We evaluated the degree of anterior translation of the tibia (ATT) in relation to the femur in mucoid degeneration of ACL. Results We identified 464 consecutive cases. The mean age was 52 years. There was a male predominance of 261 to 203 female. The average PTF measurement was 2.4 mm with a range of 0-20mm. Of the 464 cases, 3 397 patients had an insignificant ATT of < 5 mm. (0mm. 67. 67 67 patients had a ATT >5 mm. Of them, 32.8% had a ATT of 6 mm, 53.7% had a ATT range between 7 and 9 mm, with the remaining 13.4% above 9 mm in length. Conclusion It is essential to look for other secondary signs of ACL tears and not only focus on ATT as well as correlate this with clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saad
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - D Waldron
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - A Iqbal
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - S Evans
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - H Panchal
- Sanya Pixel Diagnostics, Ahmedabad, India
| | - S James
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - M Davies
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
| | - R Botchu
- The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, The Woodlands, Bristol Rd S, Birmingham, B31 2AP, United Kingdom
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Iqbal A, McLoughlin E, Botchu R, James SL. The ring-shaped meniscus: a case series demonstrating the variation of imaging appearances on MRI. Skeletal Radiol 2020; 49:281-289. [PMID: 31363822 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-019-03277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The ring-shaped meniscus (RSM) is a rare meniscal variant in which there is an intermeniscal bridge between the anterior and posterior horns of the meniscus, thus forming a complete ring. The lateral meniscus is more commonly involved than the medial meniscus. Distinguishing an RSM from a bucket handle tear (BHT) with a displaced fragment in the intercondylar notch is challenging and there are reports of negative arthroscopies for suspected BHTs. There are many reports of symptomatic and asymptomatic lateral RSMs diagnosed on MRI in the literature. We report a series of RSMs in six patients, which includes MRI descriptions of two cases of medial RSM and a case of bilateral lateral RSM, which were diagnosed on MRI and have never previously been reported. This study will also describe the various imaging features of a RSM that distinguish it from a displaced BHT. We will also discuss associated rare malformations encountered in our study, such as hypoplastic anterior cruciate ligament and the anomalous insertion of the popliteus tendon onto the posterior horn of a lateral RSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, UK
| | - E McLoughlin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rajesh Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, UK.
| | - S L James
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, UK
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Bashir S, Iqbal A, Hasnain S. Comparative analysis of endophytic bacterial diversity between two varieties of sunflower Helianthus annuus with their PGP evaluation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:720-726. [PMID: 32210694 PMCID: PMC6997864 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacterial diversity shows an intricate network of interactions with host plants as they reside in various tissues and organs at certain stages or all stages of their life cycle stimulating the plant growth and fitness. Sunflower is a trendy oilfield crop and variation in its varieties is associated with the dynamics of endophytic diversity. The present study is undertaken to identify and compare the ecological niche of endophytic bacterial communities amongst different tissues of two hybrids varieties Hysun-33 and Hysun-39 of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) at three developmental stages which are vegetative stage I (after 15 days of seeds germination), vegetative stage II (after 30 days of germination) and reproductive stage (after 90 days of germination). A total of 74 endophytes from Hysun-33 and 115 endophytes from Hysun-39 have been isolated from different tissues and growth stages. Amongst plant parts, root tissues harbored higher bacterial inhabitants (44) followed by stem (33), leaf (30) and flower (7) of Hysun-39. Likewise, Hysun-33 endophytes colonized roots more abundantly followed by leaves, stem and flowers. All strains are found to be gram positive with the exception of only RA9 from Hysun-33 and RB9 from Hysun-39 that are gram negative. Among different growth stages, the maximum bacterial population (CFU of 320 × 103) was found amongst root microflora at vegetative stage II of plant in Hysun-39 variety as compared to root endophytes of Hysun-33 having (CFU of 10 × 103). The evaluation of their growth promoting features revealed that among 74 isolates of Hysun-33, 70% exhibited the ability of hydrogen cyanide production, 43% IAA production, 36% siderophore production and 4% nitrogen fixation and also phosphate solubilization. However among 115 isolates of Hysun-39, 64% appeared as hydrogen cyanide producers, 56% IAA producers, 33% siderophore producers, 2% nitrogen fixers and 4% as phosphate solubilizers. Therefore our study reveals understanding of wide-ranging diversity of endophytic bacteria and their beneficial relationship with internal tissues of host plant which may recommend their implementation to crops for better development of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Bashir
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Atia Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Shahida Hasnain
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Punjab, 54590, Pakistan
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Bibi A, Shah T, Sadiq A, Khalid N, Ullah F, Iqbal A. l-Isoleucine-catalyzed Michael Synthesis of N-Alkylsuccinimide Derivatives and Their Antioxidant Activity Assessment. Russ J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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McLoughlin E, Davies AM, Iqbal A, James SL, Botchu R. The diagnostic significance of pulmonary nodules on CT thorax in chondrosarcoma of bone. Clin Radiol 2019; 75:395.e7-395.e16. [PMID: 31898960 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To provide a diagnostic approach to pulmonary nodules in patients with chondrosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of the oncology database at a specialist orthopaedic oncology referral centre was performed to identify all patients who were treated surgically for chondrosarcoma between January 2007 and December 2018. Reports from the computed tomography (CT) examinations of the thorax of these patients were reviewed. In patients who had pulmonary nodules/metastases identified on CT, data on the primary chondrosarcoma and pulmonary nodule characteristics were collected. RESULTS Twenty point two percent of patients had a pulmonary nodule identified on either initial or follow-up staging CT of the thorax, of which 8.1% were pulmonary metastases. Patients with grade 3 and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma were more likely to have pulmonary metastases than patients with grade 1/2 chondrosarcoma. The time interval to developing metastases was shorter in patients with grade 2/3 and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma versus patients with grade 1 chondrosarcoma. A low proportion of patients with grade 1 chondrosarcoma developed metastases (12.5%), all of which were identified at the time of a local recurrence. Nodules ≥10mm, nodules with lobulate margins, nodules containing irregular or subtle calcification, and nodules seen bilaterally or both centrally and peripherally were more likely to represent pulmonary metastases than benign nodules. CONCLUSION The diagnostic significance of pulmonary nodules (i.e., whether they represent pulmonary metastases or not) can be predicted by taking into account a number of factors, in particular, the histological grade of the patient's chondrosarcoma, the size and margins of the nodules, and the presence of subtle/irregular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- E McLoughlin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A M Davies
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Iqbal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S L James
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Botchu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
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