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Locafaro G, Andolfi G, Russo F, Cesana L, Spinelli A, Camisa B, Ciceri F, Lombardo A, Bondanza A, Roncarolo MG, Gregori S. IL-10-Engineered Human CD4 + Tr1 Cells Eliminate Myeloid Leukemia in an HLA Class I-Dependent Mechanism. Mol Ther 2024; 32:853-854. [PMID: 38359840 PMCID: PMC10928278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
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2
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Dickinson MJ, Barba P, Jäger U, Shah NN, Blaise D, Briones J, Shune L, Boissel N, Bondanza A, Mariconti L, Marchal AL, Quinn DS, Yang J, Price A, Sohoni A, Treanor LM, Orlando EJ, Mataraza J, Davis J, Lu D, Zhu X, Engels B, Moutouh-de Parseval L, Brogdon JL, Moschetta M, Flinn IW. A Novel Autologous CAR-T Therapy, YTB323, with Preserved T-cell Stemness Shows Enhanced CAR T-cell Efficacy in Preclinical and Early Clinical Development. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1982-1997. [PMID: 37249512 PMCID: PMC10481129 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CAR T-cell product quality and stemness (Tstem) are major determinants of in vivo expansion, efficacy, and clinical response. Prolonged ex vivo culturing is known to deplete Tstem, affecting clinical outcome. YTB323, a novel autologous CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy expressing the same validated CAR as tisagenlecleucel, is manufactured using a next-generation platform in <2 days. Here, we report the preclinical development and preliminary clinical data of YTB323 in adults with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL; NCT03960840). In preclinical mouse models, YTB323 exhibited enhanced in vivo expansion and antitumor activity at lower doses than traditionally manufactured CAR T cells. Clinically, at doses 25-fold lower than tisagenlecleucel, YTB323 showed (i) promising overall safety [cytokine release syndrome (any grade, 35%; grade ≥3, 6%), neurotoxicity (any grade, 25%; grade ≥3, 6%)]; (ii) overall response rates of 75% and 80% for DL1 and DL2, respectively; (iii) comparable CAR T-cell expansion; and (iv) preservation of T-cell phenotype. Current data support the continued development of YTB323 for r/r DLBCL. SIGNIFICANCE Traditional CAR T-cell manufacturing requires extended ex vivo cell culture, reducing naive and stem cell memory T-cell populations and diminishing antitumor activity. YTB323, which expresses the same validated CAR as tisagenlecleucel, can be manufactured in <2 days while retaining T-cell stemness and enhancing clinical activity at a 25-fold lower dose. See related commentary by Wang, p. 1961. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Dickinson
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pere Barba
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrich Jäger
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital – Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Didier Blaise
- Département d'Hématologie, Programme de Transplantation et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Briones
- Hematology Department, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leyla Shune
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Hematology Adolescent and Young Adult Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Luisa Mariconti
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - David S. Quinn
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Yang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Price
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Akash Sohoni
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Louise M. Treanor
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Elena J. Orlando
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Mataraza
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jaclyn Davis
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey
| | - Darlene Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xu Zhu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Boris Engels
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Ian W. Flinn
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology Center for Blood Cancers, Nashville, Tennessee
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3
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Raccosta L, Marinozzi M, Costantini S, Maggioni D, Ferreira LM, Corna G, Zordan P, Sorice A, Farinello D, Bianchessi S, Riba M, Lazarevic D, Provero P, Mack M, Bondanza A, Nalvarte I, Gustafsson JA, Ranzani V, De Sanctis F, Ugel S, Baron S, Lobaccaro JMA, Pontini L, Pacciarini M, Traversari C, Pagani M, Bronte V, Sitia G, Antonson P, Brendolan A, Budillon A, Russo V. Harnessing the reverse cholesterol transport pathway to favor differentiation of monocyte-derived APCs and antitumor responses. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:129. [PMID: 36792589 PMCID: PMC9932151 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipid and cholesterol metabolism play a crucial role in tumor cell behavior and in shaping the tumor microenvironment. In particular, enzymatic and non-enzymatic cholesterol metabolism, and derived metabolites control dendritic cell (DC) functions, ultimately impacting tumor antigen presentation within and outside the tumor mass, dampening tumor immunity and immunotherapeutic attempts. The mechanisms accounting for such events remain largely to be defined. Here we perturbed (oxy)sterol metabolism genetically and pharmacologically and analyzed the tumor lipidome landscape in relation to the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We report that perturbing the lipidome of tumor microenvironment by the expression of sulfotransferase 2B1b crucial in cholesterol and oxysterol sulfate synthesis, favored intratumoral representation of monocyte-derived antigen-presenting cells, including monocyte-DCs. We also found that treating mice with a newly developed antagonist of the oxysterol receptors Liver X Receptors (LXRs), promoted intratumoral monocyte-DC differentiation, delayed tumor growth and synergized with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and adoptive T cell therapy. Of note, looking at LXR/cholesterol gene signature in melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy predicted diverse clinical outcomes. Indeed, patients whose tumors were poorly infiltrated by monocytes/macrophages expressing LXR target genes showed improved survival over the course of therapy. Thus, our data support a role for (oxy)sterol metabolism in shaping monocyte-to-DC differentiation, and in tumor antigen presentation critical for responsiveness to immunotherapy. The identification of a new LXR antagonist opens new treatment avenues for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Raccosta
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Maura Marinozzi
- grid.9027.c0000 0004 1757 3630Big Ideas in Organic Synthesis (BIOS) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06123 Italy
| | - Susan Costantini
- grid.508451.d0000 0004 1760 8805Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Laboratori di Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Maggioni
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Lorena Maria Ferreira
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranca Corna
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Paola Zordan
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Sorice
- grid.508451.d0000 0004 1760 8805Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Laboratori di Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Farinello
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Lymphoid Organ Development Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Silvia Bianchessi
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Lymphoid Organ Development Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Michela Riba
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Matthias Mack
- grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Division of Internal Medicine II-Nephrology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042 Germany
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Innovative Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Ivan Nalvarte
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, S-14183 Sweden
| | - J-A Gustafsson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, S-14183 Sweden ,grid.266436.30000 0004 1569 9707Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- grid.428717.f0000 0004 1802 9805Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Verona University Hospital, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- grid.411475.20000 0004 1756 948XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Verona University Hospital, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvère Baron
- grid.463855.90000 0004 0385 8889Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS, INSERM, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d’Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Marc A. Lobaccaro
- grid.463855.90000 0004 0385 8889Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS, INSERM, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d’Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lorenzo Pontini
- grid.9027.c0000 0004 1757 3630Big Ideas in Organic Synthesis (BIOS) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06123 Italy
| | - Manuela Pacciarini
- grid.9027.c0000 0004 1757 3630Big Ideas in Organic Synthesis (BIOS) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, 06123 Italy
| | - Catia Traversari
- grid.425866.b0000 0004 1764 3096MolMed S.p.A., Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- grid.428717.f0000 0004 1802 9805Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy ,grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- grid.419546.b0000 0004 1808 1697Veneto Institute of Oncology - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IOV-IRCCS), 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sitia
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Per Antonson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, S-14183 Sweden
| | - Andrea Brendolan
- grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Lymphoid Organ Development Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132 Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- grid.508451.d0000 0004 1760 8805Experimental Pharmacology Unit, Laboratori di Mercogliano, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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4
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Bove C, Arcangeli S, Falcone L, Camisa B, El Khoury R, Greco B, De Lucia A, Bergamini A, Bondanza A, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Casucci M. CD4 CAR-T cells targeting CD19 play a key role in exacerbating cytokine release syndrome, while maintaining long-term responses. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005878. [PMID: 36593069 PMCID: PMC9809278 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, T cells redirected with CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) have gained impressive success in B-cell malignancies. However, treatment failures are common and the occurrence of severe toxicities, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), still limits the full exploitation of this approach. Therefore, the development of cell products with improved therapeutic indexes is highly demanded. METHODS In this project, we investigated how CD4 and CD8 populations cooperate during CD19 CAR-T cell responses and what is their specific role in CRS development. To this aim, we took advantage of immunodeficient mice reconstituted with a human immune system (HuSGM3) and engrafted with the B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line NALM-6, a model that allows to thoroughly study efficacy and toxicity profiles of CD19 CAR-T cell products. RESULTS CD4 CAR-T cells showed superior proliferation and activation potential, which translated into stronger stimulation of myeloid cells, the main triggers of adverse events. Accordingly, toxicity assessment in HuSGM3 mice identified CD4 CAR-T cells as key contributors to CRS development, revealing a safer profile when they harbor CARs embedded with 4-1BB, rather than CD28. By comparing differentially co-stimulated CD4:CD8 1:1 CAR-T cell formulations, we observed that CD4 cells shape the overall expansion kinetics of the infused product and are crucial for maintaining long-term responses. Interestingly, the combination of CD4.BBz with CD8.28z CAR-T cells resulted in the lowest toxicity, without impacting antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data point out that the rational design of improved adoptive T-cell therapies should consider the biological features of CD4 CAR-T cells, which emerged as crucial for maintaining long-term responses but also endowed by a higher toxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bove
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Arcangeli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Falcone
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy,Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita El Khoury
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Greco
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna De Lucia
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bergamini
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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5
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Arcangeli S, Bove C, Mezzanotte C, Camisa B, Falcone L, Manfredi F, Bezzecchi E, El Khoury R, Norata R, Sanvito F, Ponzoni M, Greco B, Moresco MA, Carrabba MG, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Bondanza A, Casucci M. CAR T-cell manufacturing from naive/stem memory T-lymphocytes enhances antitumor responses while curtailing cytokine release syndrome. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:150807. [PMID: 35503659 PMCID: PMC9197529 DOI: 10.1172/jci150807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell expansion and persistence represent key factors to achieve complete responses and prevent relapses. These features are typical of early memory T cells, which can be highly enriched through optimized manufacturing protocols. Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety profiles of CAR T cell products generated from preselected naive/stem memory T cells (TN/SCM), as compared with unselected T cells (TBULK). Notwithstanding their reduced effector signature in vitro, limiting CAR TN/SCM doses showed superior antitumor activity and the unique ability to counteract leukemia rechallenge in hematopoietic stem/precursor cell–humanized mice, featuring increased expansion rates and persistence together with an ameliorated exhaustion and memory phenotype. Most relevantly, CAR TN/SCM proved to be intrinsically less prone to inducing severe cytokine release syndrome, independently of the costimulatory endodomain employed. This safer profile was associated with milder T cell activation, which translated into reduced monocyte activation and cytokine release. These data suggest that CAR TN/SCM are endowed with a wider therapeutic index compared with CAR TBULK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Arcangeli
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Bove
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Mezzanotte
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Falcone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Manfredi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenia Bezzecchi
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita El Khoury
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossana Norata
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanvito
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Greco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Angiola Moresco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo G Carrabba
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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6
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Greco B, Malacarne V, De Girardi F, Scotti GM, Manfredi F, Angelino E, Sirini C, Camisa B, Falcone L, Moresco MA, Paolella K, Di Bono M, Norata R, Sanvito F, Arcangeli S, Doglioni C, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Graziani A, Bondanza A, Casucci M. Disrupting N-glycan expression on tumor cells boosts chimeric antigen receptor T cell efficacy against solid malignancies. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabg3072. [PMID: 35044789 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells showed exceptional successes in patients with refractory B cell malignancies. However, first-in-human studies in solid tumors revealed unique hurdles contributing to poor demonstration of efficacy. Understanding the determinants of tumor recognition by CAR T cells should translate into the design of strategies that can overcome resistance. Here, we show that multiple carcinomas express extracellular N-glycans, whose abundance negatively correlates with CAR T cell killing. By knocking out mannoside acetyl-glucosaminyltransferase 5 (MGAT5) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), we showed that N-glycans protect tumors from CAR T cell killing by interfering with proper immunological synapse formation and reducing transcriptional activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity. To overcome this barrier, we exploited the high metabolic demand of tumors to safely inhibit N-glycans synthesis with the glucose/mannose analog 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG). Treatment with 2DG disrupts the N-glycan cover on tumor cells and results in enhanced CAR T cell activity in different xenograft mouse models of PAC. Moreover, 2DG treatment interferes with the PD-1-PD-L1 axis and results in a reduced exhaustion profile of tumor-infiltrating CAR T cells in vivo. The combined 2DG and CAR T cell therapy was successful against multiple carcinomas besides PAC, including those arising from the lung, ovary, and bladder, and with different clinically relevant CAR specificities, such as CD44v6 and CEA. Overall, our results indicate that tumor N-glycosylation regulates the quality and magnitude of CAR T cell responses, paving the way for the rational design of improved therapies against solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Greco
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Malacarne
- Lipid Signaling in Cancer and Metabolism Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Federica De Girardi
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Scotti
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Manfredi
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Angelino
- Lipid Signaling in Cancer and Metabolism Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Camilla Sirini
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Falcone
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Angiola Moresco
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Paolella
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Di Bono
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rossana Norata
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanvito
- Pathology Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Arcangeli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Lipid Signaling in Cancer and Metabolism Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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7
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Ruggeri L, Eikema DJ, Bondanza A, Noviello M, van Biezen A, de Wreede LC, Crucitti L, Vago L, Ciardelli S, Bader P, Koc Y, Locatelli F, Veelken JH, Gruhn B, Evans P, Chabannon C, Toubert A, Velardi A. Mother donors improve outcomes after HLA haploidentical transplantation: A Study by the Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:206.e1-206.e6. [PMID: 35017118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trans-placental trafficking of maternal and foetal cells during pregnancy establishes long-term, reciprocal micro-chimerism in both mother and child. As a consequence, the immune system of the mother may become sensitized to paternal histocompatibility antigens. It has been hypothesized that mother's "exposure" to paternal HLA haplotype antigens during pregnancy may affect transplantation outcomes when the mother acts as donor for the child. In T-cell depleted HLA haploidentical hematopoietic transplants, maternal donors have been shown to improve transplantation outcomes (Stern et al. Blood, 2008;112: 2990-2995). OBJECTIVES AND STUDY DESIGN The present retrospective multicenter study was conducted on behalf of Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT. It involved 409 patients (102 pediatric and 307 adult) with acute leukemia who were given HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic transplants. The goal of the study was to evaluate the role of maternal donors in a large cohort of haploidentical transplants. RESULTS Transplants from maternal donors were associated with lower relapse incidence in T-cell depleted (HR: 2.13 (1.16-3.92), p= 0.018) as well as in a limited series of unmanipulated, in vivo T-cell depleted transplants (HR: 4.15 (0.94-18.35), P=0.06) and also better graft-vs-host disease/relapse-free survival in T-cell depleted transplants (HR: 1.67 (1.02-2.73), p = 0.04). CONCLUSION These results indicate that the mother should be the preferred donor in order to provide better graft-vs-host disease/relapse-free survival in T-cell depleted HLA-haploidentical transplants for acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Attilio Bondanza
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Noviello
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Liesbeth C de Wreede
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Crucitti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Peter Bader
- Universitaetsklinikum Frankfurt Goethe-Universitaet, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yener Koc
- Medicana International Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Franco Locatelli
- IRRCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesů, Rome, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bernd Gruhn
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Pamela Evans
- Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer; Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Inserm CBT 1409, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1160, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
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8
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Pigeot S, Klein T, Gullotta F, Dupard SJ, Garcia Garcia A, García-García A, Prithiviraj S, Lorenzo P, Filippi M, Jaquiery C, Kouba L, Asnaghi MA, Raina DB, Dasen B, Isaksson H, Önnerfjord P, Tägil M, Bondanza A, Martin I, Bourgine PE. Manufacturing of Human Tissues as off-the-Shelf Grafts Programmed to Induce Regeneration. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2103737. [PMID: 34486186 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Design criteria for tissue-engineered materials in regenerative medicine include robust biological effectiveness, off-the-shelf availability, and scalable manufacturing under standardized conditions. For bone repair, existing strategies rely on primary autologous cells, associated with unpredictable performance, limited availability and complex logistic. Here, a conceptual shift based on the manufacturing of devitalized human hypertrophic cartilage (HyC), as cell-free material inducing bone formation by recapitulating the developmental process of endochondral ossification, is reported. The strategy relies on a customized human mesenchymal line expressing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), critically required for robust chondrogenesis and concomitant extracellular matrix (ECM) enrichment. Following apoptosis-driven devitalization, lyophilization, and storage, the resulting off-the-shelf cartilage tissue exhibits unprecedented osteoinductive properties, unmatched by synthetic delivery of BMP-2 or by living engineered grafts. Scalability and pre-clinical efficacy are demonstrated by bioreactor-based production and subsequent orthotopic assessment. The findings exemplify the broader paradigm of programming human cell lines as biological factory units to engineer customized ECMs, designed to activate specific regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Pigeot
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Klein
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Fabiana Gullotta
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Steven J Dupard
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ Engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Alejandro Garcia Garcia
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ Engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Andres García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Sujeethkumar Prithiviraj
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ Engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Pilar Lorenzo
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Claude Jaquiery
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Loraine Kouba
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - M Adelaide Asnaghi
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Deepak Bushan Raina
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Boris Dasen
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Hanna Isaksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Magnus Tägil
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Paul E Bourgine
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue, and Organ Engineering, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
- Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
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9
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Arcangeli S, Falcone L, Camisa B, De Girardi F, Biondi M, Giglio F, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Bondanza A, Casucci M. Next-Generation Manufacturing Protocols Enriching T SCM CAR T Cells Can Overcome Disease-Specific T Cell Defects in Cancer Patients. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1217. [PMID: 32636841 PMCID: PMC7317024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell expansion and persistence emerged as key efficacy determinants in cancer patients. These features are typical of early-memory T cells, which can be enriched with specific manufacturing procedures, providing signal one and signal two in the proper steric conformation and in the presence of homeostatic cytokines. In this project, we exploited our expertise with paramagnetic beads and IL-7/IL-15 to develop an optimized protocol for CAR T cell production based on reagents, including a polymeric nanomatrix, which are compatible with automated manufacturing via the CliniMACS Prodigy. We found that both procedures generate similar CAR T cell products, highly enriched of stem cell memory T cells (TSCM) and equally effective in counteracting tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. Most importantly, the optimized protocol was able to expand CAR TSCM from B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients, which in origin were highly enriched of late-memory and exhausted T cells. Notably, CAR T cells derived from B-ALL patients proved to be as efficient as healthy donor-derived CAR T cells in mediating profound and prolonged anti-tumor responses in xenograft mouse models. On the contrary, the protocol failed to expand fully functional CAR TSCM from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, suggesting that patient-specific factors may profoundly affect intrinsic T cell quality. Finally, by retrospective analysis of in vivo data, we observed that the proportion of TSCM in the final CAR T cell product positively correlated with in vivo expansion, which in turn proved to be crucial for achieving long-term remissions. Collectively, our data indicate that next-generation manufacturing protocols can overcome initial T cell defects, resulting in TSCM-enriched CAR T cell products qualitatively equivalent to the ones generated from healthy donors. However, this positive effect may be decreased in specific conditions, for which the development of further improved protocols and novel strategies might be highly beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Arcangeli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Falcone
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica De Girardi
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Biondi
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Giglio
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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10
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Brunetto E, De Monte L, Balzano G, Camisa B, Laino V, Riba M, Heltai S, Bianchi M, Bordignon C, Falconi M, Bondanza A, Doglioni C, Protti MP. The IL-1/IL-1 receptor axis and tumor cell released inflammasome adaptor ASC are key regulators of TSLP secretion by cancer associated fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:45. [PMID: 30760333 PMCID: PMC6373075 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a key cytokine for development of Th2 immunity, is produced by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in pancreatic cancer where predominant tumor infiltrating Th2 over Th1 cells correlates with reduced patients' survival. Which cells and molecules are mostly relevant in driving TSLP secretion by CAFs in pancreatic cancer is not defined. METHODS We performed in vitro, in vivo and ex-vivo analyses. For in vitro studies we used pancreatic cancer cell lines, primary CAFs cultures, and THP1 cells. TSLP secretion by CAFs was used as a read-out system to identify in vitro relevant tumor-derived inflammatory cytokines and molecules. For in vivo studies human pancreatic cancer cells and CAFs were orthotopically injected in immunodeficient mice. For ex-vivo studies immunohistochemistry was performed to detect ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain) expression in surgical samples. Bioinformatics was applied to interrogate published data sets. RESULTS We show in vitro that IL-1α and IL-1β released by pancreatic cancer cells and tumor cell-conditioned macrophages are crucial for TSLP secretion by CAFs. Treatment of immunodeficient mice orthotopically injected with human IL-1 positive pancreatic cancer cells plus CAFs using the IL-1R antagonist anakinra significantly reduced TSLP expression in the tumor. Importantly, we found that pancreatic cancer cells release alarmins, among which ASC, able to induce IL-1β secretion in macrophages. The relevance of ASC was confirmed ex-vivo by its expression in both tumor cells and tumor associated macrophages in pancreatic cancer surgical samples and survival data analyses showing statistically significant inverse correlation between ASC expression and survival in pancreatic cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that tumor released IL-1α and IL-1β and ASC are key regulators of TSLP secretion by CAFs and their targeting should ultimately dampen Th2 inflammation and improve overall survival in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Brunetto
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia De Monte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Balzano
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit and Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Laino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Riba
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Heltai
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bianchi
- Chromatin Dynamics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Bordignon
- MolMed SpA, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit and Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Protti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Escobar G, Barbarossa L, Barbiera G, Norelli M, Genua M, Ranghetti A, Plati T, Camisa B, Brombin C, Cittaro D, Annoni A, Bondanza A, Ostuni R, Gentner B, Naldini L. Interferon gene therapy reprograms the leukemia microenvironment inducing protective immunity to multiple tumor antigens. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2896. [PMID: 30042420 PMCID: PMC6057972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new pillar of cancer treatment with potential to cure. However, many patients still fail to respond to these therapies. Among the underlying factors, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a major role. Here we show that monocyte-mediated gene delivery of IFNα inhibits leukemia in a mouse model. IFN gene therapy counteracts leukemia-induced expansion of immunosuppressive myeloid cells and imposes an immunostimulatory program to the TME, as shown by bulk and single-cell transcriptome analyses. This reprogramming promotes T-cell priming and effector function against multiple surrogate tumor-specific antigens, inhibiting leukemia growth in our experimental model. Durable responses are observed in a fraction of mice and are further increased combining gene therapy with checkpoint blockers. Furthermore, IFN gene therapy strongly enhances anti-tumor activity of adoptively transferred T cells engineered with tumor-specific TCR or CAR, overcoming suppressive signals in the leukemia TME. These findings warrant further investigations on the potential development of our gene therapy strategy towards clinical testing. An immune suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a limitation for immunotherapy. Here the authors show that, in a B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia mouse model, gene-based delivery of IFNα reprograms the leukemia-induced immunosuppressive TME into immunostimulatory and enhances T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Escobar
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Barbarossa
- Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Barbiera
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Norelli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplant and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Genua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ranghetti
- Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Plati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Division of Immunology, Transplant and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Brombin
- CUSSB-University Center for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cittaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Centre for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Annoni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplant and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luigi Naldini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy. .,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Hartmann J, Schüßler-Lenz M, Bondanza A, Buchholz CJ. Clinical development of CAR T cells-challenges and opportunities in translating innovative treatment concepts. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1183-1197. [PMID: 28765140 PMCID: PMC5582407 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201607485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, together with checkpoint inhibition, has been celebrated as a breakthrough technology due to the substantial benefit observed in clinical trials with patients suffering from relapsed or refractory B‐cell malignancies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical trials performed so far worldwide and analyze parameters such as targeted antigen and indication, CAR molecular design, CAR T cell manufacturing, anti‐tumor activities, and related toxicities. More than 200 CAR T cell clinical trials have been initiated so far, most of which aim to treat lymphoma or leukemia patients using CD19‐specific CARs. An increasing number of studies address solid tumors as well. Notably, not all clinical trials conducted so far have shown promising results. Indeed, in a few patients CAR T cell therapy resulted in severe adverse events with fatal outcome. Of note, less than 10% of the ongoing CAR T cell clinical trials are performed in Europe. Taking lead from our analysis, we discuss the problems and general hurdles preventing efficient clinical development of CAR T cells as well as opportunities, with a special focus on the European stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hartmann
- Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Martina Schüßler-Lenz
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative immunotherapies, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Christian J Buchholz
- Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Chabannon C, Kuball J, Bondanza A, Dazzi F, Pedrazzoli P, Toubert A, Ruggeri A, Fleischhauer K, Bonini C. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in its 60s: A platform for cellular therapies. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:10/436/eaap9630. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aap9630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 60 years, more than a million patients received hematopoietic cell transplantation. Having incorporated multiple changes in clinical practices, it remains a complex procedure facing a dual challenge: cure of the underlying disease and prevention of relapse while controlling potentially severe complications. Improved understanding of underlying biological processes resulted in the design of innovative therapies engineered from defined cell populations and testing of these therapies as addition or substitution at virtually every step of the procedure. This review provides an overview of these developments, many of them now applied outside the historical field of hematopoietic cell transplantation.
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14
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Casucci M, Falcone L, Camisa B, Norelli M, Porcellini S, Stornaiuolo A, Ciceri F, Traversari C, Bordignon C, Bonini C, Bondanza A. Extracellular NGFR Spacers Allow Efficient Tracking and Enrichment of Fully Functional CAR-T Cells Co-Expressing a Suicide Gene. Front Immunol 2018; 9:507. [PMID: 29619024 PMCID: PMC5871667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy is at the forefront of innovative cancer therapeutics. However, lack of standardization of cellular products within the same clinical trial and lack of harmonization between different trials have hindered the clear identification of efficacy and safety determinants that should be unveiled in order to advance the field. With the aim of facilitating the isolation and in vivo tracking of CAR-T cells, we here propose the inclusion within the CAR molecule of a novel extracellular spacer based on the low-affinity nerve-growth-factor receptor (NGFR). We screened four different spacer designs using as target antigen the CD44 isoform variant 6 (CD44v6). We successfully generated NGFR-spaced CD44v6 CAR-T cells that could be efficiently enriched with clinical-grade immuno-magnetic beads without negative consequences on subsequent expansion, immuno-phenotype, in vitro antitumor reactivity, and conditional ablation when co-expressing a suicide gene. Most importantly, these cells could be tracked with anti-NGFR monoclonal antibodies in NSG mice, where they expanded, persisted, and exerted potent antitumor effects against both high leukemia and myeloma burdens. Similar results were obtained with NGFR-enriched CAR-T cells specific for CD19 or CEA, suggesting the universality of this strategy. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the incorporation of the NGFR marker gene within the CAR sequence allows for a single molecule to simultaneously work as a therapeutic and selection/tracking gene. Looking ahead, NGFR spacer enrichment might allow good manufacturing procedures-manufacturing of standardized CAR-T cell products with high therapeutic potential, which could be harmonized in different clinical trials and used in combination with a suicide gene for future application in the allogeneic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Falcone
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Norelli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Bonini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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15
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Leuci V, Casucci GM, Grignani G, Rotolo R, Rossotti U, Vigna E, Gammaitoni L, Mesiano G, Fiorino E, Donini C, Pisacane A, Ambrosio LD, Pignochino Y, Aglietta M, Bondanza A, Sangiolo D. CD44v6 as innovative sarcoma target for CAR-redirected CIK cells. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1423167. [PMID: 29721373 PMCID: PMC5927525 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1423167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of our study was to explore a new immunotherapy for high grade soft tissue sarcomas (STS) based on cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) redirected with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against the tumor-promoting antigen CD44v6. We aimed at generating bipotential killers, combining the CAR specificity with the intrinsic tumor-killing ability of CIK cells (CAR+.CIK). We set a patient-derived experimental platform. CAR+.CIK were generated by transduction of CIK precursors with a lentiviral vector encoding for anti-CD44v6-CAR. CAR+.CIK were characterized and assessed in vitro against multiple histotypes of patient-derived STS. The anti-sarcoma activity of CAR+.CIK was confirmed in a STS xenograft model. CD44v6 was expressed by 40% (11/27) of patient-derived STS. CAR+.CIK were efficiently expanded from patients (n = 12) and killed multiple histotypes of STS (including autologous targets, n = 4). The killing activity was significantly higher compared with unmodified CIK, especially at low effector/target (E/T) ratios: 98% vs 82% (E/T = 10:1) and 68% vs 26% (1:4), (p<0.0001). Specificity of tumor killing was confirmed by blocking with anti-CD44v6 antibody. CAR+.CIK produced higher amounts of IL6 and IFN-γ compared to control CIK. CAR+.CIK were highly active in mice bearing subcutaneous STS xenografts, with significant delay of tumor growth (p<0.0001) without toxicities. We report first evidence of CAR+.CIK's activity against high grade STS and propose CD44v6 as an innovative target in this setting. CIK are a valuable platform for the translation of CAR-based strategies to challenging field of solid tumors. Our findings support the exploration of CAR+.CIK in clinical trials against high grade STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Leuci
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - G M Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - G Grignani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - R Rotolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - U Rossotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - E Vigna
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Laboratory of Gene Transfer, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - L Gammaitoni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - G Mesiano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - E Fiorino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - C Donini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A Pisacane
- Pathology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, (TO), Italy
| | - L D Ambrosio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Y Pignochino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - M Aglietta
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - A Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - D Sangiolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy
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16
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Bondanza A, Manfredi A, Zimmermann V, Iannacone M, Tincani A, Balestrieri G, Sabbadini MG, Querini PR. Anti-β2 Glycoprotein I Antibodies Cause Inflammation and Recruit Dendritic Cells in Platelet Clearance. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1616059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryScavenger phagocytes are mostly responsible for the in vivo clearance of activated or senescent platelets. In contrast to other particulate substrates, the phagocytosis of platelets does not incite pro-inflammatory responses in vivo. This study assessed the contribution of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) to the clearance of activated platelets. Furthermore, we verified whether antibodies against the β2 Glycoprotein I (β2GPI), which bind to activated platelets, influence the phenomenon. DCs did not per se internalise activated platelets. In contrast, macrophages efficiently phagocytosed platelets. In agreement with the uneventful nature of the clearance of platelets in vivo, phagocytosing macrophages did not release IL-1β, TNF-α or IL-10. β2GPI bound to activated platelets and was required for their recognition by anti-ββ2GPI antibodies. DCs internalised platelets opsonised by anti-ββ2GPI antibodies. The phagocytosis of opsonised platelets determined the release of TNF-α and IL-1β by DCs and macrophages. Phagocytosing macrophages, but not DCs, secreted the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-1β0. We conclude that anti-ββ2GPI antibodies cause inflammation during platelet clearance and shuttle platelet antigens to antigen presenting DCs.
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17
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Mueller C, Bonini C, Foeken L, Chabannon C, Bondanza A, Fleischhauer K, Velardi A, Kröger N, Kuball J, Mohty M. Jon van Rood (1926-2017). Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:1587. [PMID: 29209062 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2017.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Locafaro G, Andolfi G, Russo F, Cesana L, Spinelli A, Camisa B, Ciceri F, Lombardo A, Bondanza A, Roncarolo MG, Gregori S. IL-10-Engineered Human CD4 + Tr1 Cells Eliminate Myeloid Leukemia in an HLA Class I-Dependent Mechanism. Mol Ther 2017; 25:2254-2269. [PMID: 28807569 PMCID: PMC5628869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a key role in modulating T cell responses. Clinical trials showed that Tregs modulate graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, their ability to mediate anti-leukemic activity (graft-versus-leukemia [GvL]) is largely unknown. Enforced interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression converts human CD4+ T cells into T regulatory type 1 (Tr1)-like (CD4IL-10) cells that suppress effector T cells in vitro and xenoGvHD in humanized mouse models. In the present study, we show that CD4IL-10 cells mediate anti-leukemic effects in vitro and in vivo in a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-dependent but antigen-independent manner. The cytotoxicity mediated by CD4IL-10 cells is granzyme B (GzB) dependent, is specific for CD13+ target cells, and requires CD54 and CD112 expression on primary leukemic target blasts. CD4IL-10 cells adoptively transferred in humanized mouse models directly mediate anti-tumor and anti-leukemic effects. In addition, when co-transferred with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4IL-10 cells contribute to the GvL activity but suppress xenoGvHD mediated by the PBMCs. These findings provide for the first time a strong rationale for CD4IL-10 cell immunotherapy to prevent GvHD and promote GvL in allo-HSCT for myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Locafaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Grazia Andolfi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Fabio Russo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luca Cesana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Antonello Spinelli
- Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Angelo Lombardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Roncarolo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, ISCBRM, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy.
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19
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Sandri S, De Sanctis F, Lamolinara A, Boschi F, Poffe O, Trovato R, Fiore A, Sartori S, Sbarbati A, Bondanza A, Cesaro S, Krampera M, Scupoli MT, Nishimura MI, Iezzi M, Sartoris S, Bronte V, Ugel S. Effective control of acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia progression by telomerase specific adoptive T-cell therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86987-87001. [PMID: 29152058 PMCID: PMC5675610 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase (TERT) is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that preserves the molecular organization at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Since TERT deregulation is a common step in leukaemia, treatments targeting telomerase might be useful for the therapy of hematologic malignancies. Despite a large spectrum of potential drugs, their bench-to-bedside translation is quite limited, with only a therapeutic vaccine in the clinic and a telomerase inhibitor at late stage of preclinical validation. We recently demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of T cell transduced with an HLA-A2-restricted T-cell receptor (TCR), which recognize human TERT with high avidity, controls human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) progression without severe side-effects in humanized mice. In the present report, we show the ability of our approach to limit the progression of more aggressive leukemic pathologies, such as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). Together, our findings demonstrate that TERT-based adoptive cell therapy is a concrete platform of T cell-mediated immunotherapy for leukaemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sandri
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSi-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ornella Poffe
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Sartori
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Department of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Haematology, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria T Scupoli
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Haematology, Verona, Italy.,University of Verona, Interdepartmental Laboratory for Medical Research (LURM), Verona, Italy
| | - Michael I Nishimura
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSi-Met), G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Silvia Sartoris
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Immunology, Verona, Italy
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20
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Ciceri F, Bonini C, Labopin M, Oliveira G, Nagler A, Yannaki E, Stanghellini MTL, Bondanza A, Greco R, Olavarria E, Weissinger E, Stadler M, Bunjes D, Niederwieser D, Uharek L, Bethge W, DiPersio J, Pecora AL, Donato M, Colombi S, Lambiase A, Bordignon C, Mohty M. Safety and Efficacy of Donor T Cells Engineered with Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine-Kinase Suicide Gene (TK Cells) Given after T-Cell Depleted (TCD) Haploidentical Hematopoietic Transplantation (Haplo-HSCT): Results of a 14-Year Follow-Up in 45 Patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Rotiroti MC, Arcangeli S, Casucci M, Perriello V, Bondanza A, Biondi A, Tettamanti S, Biagi E. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Targeting by Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: Bridging the Gap from Preclinical Modeling to Human Studies. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 28:231-241. [PMID: 27967241 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still represents an unmet clinical need for adult and pediatric high-risk patients, thus demanding advanced and personalized therapies. In this regard, different targeted immunotherapeutic approaches are available, ranging from naked monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to conjugated and multifunctional mAbs (i.e., BiTEs and DARTs). Recently, researchers have focused their attention on novel techniques of genetic manipulation specifically to redirect cytotoxic T cells endowed with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) toward selected tumor associated antigens. So far, CAR T cells targeting the CD19 antigen expressed by B-cell origin hematological cancers have gained impressive clinical results, leading to the possibility of translating the CAR platform to treat other hematological malignancies such as AML. However, one of the main concerns in the field of AML CAR immunotherapy is the identification of an ideal target cell surface antigen, being highly expressed on tumor cells but minimally present on healthy tissues, together with the design of an anti-AML CAR appropriately balancing efficacy and safety profiles. The current review focuses mainly on AML target antigens and the related immunotherapeutic approaches developed so far, deeply dissecting methods of CAR T cell safety improvements, when designing novel CARs approaching human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Caterina Rotiroti
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Arcangeli
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- 2 Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Perriello
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- 2 Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University , Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Sarah Tettamanti
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Ettore Biagi
- 1 Molecular Therapy Unit, Tettamanti Research Center, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano Bicocca , San Gerardo Hospital/MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
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22
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Oliveira G, Ruggiero E, Stanghellini MTL, Cieri N, D'Agostino M, D'Agostino M, Fronza R, Lulay C, Dionisio F, Mastaglio S, Greco R, Peccatori J, Aiuti A, Ambrosi A, Biasco L, Bondanza A, Lambiase A, Traversari C, Vago L, von Kalle C, Schmidt M, Bordignon C, Ciceri F, Bonini C. Tracking genetically engineered lymphocytes long-term reveals the dynamics of T cell immunological memory. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:317ra198. [PMID: 26659572 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac8265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-lasting immune protection from pathogens and cancer requires the generation of memory T cells able to survive long-term. To unravel the immunological requirements for long-term persistence of human memory T cells, we characterized and traced, over several years, T lymphocytes genetically modified to express the thymidine kinase (TK) suicide gene that were infused in 10 patients after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). At 2 to 14 years after infusion and in the presence of a broad and resting immune system, we could still detect effectors/effector memory (TEM/EFF), central memory (TCM), and stem memory (TSCM) TK(+) cells, circulating at low but stable levels in all patients. Longitudinal analysis of cytomegalovirus (CMV)- and Flu-specific TK(+) cells indicated that antigen recognition was dominant in driving in vivo expansion and persistence at detectable levels. The amount of infused TSCM cells positively correlated with early expansion and with the absolute counts of long-term persisting gene-marked cells. By combining T cell sorting with sequencing of integration (IS), TCRα and TCRβ clonal markers, we showed that T cells retrieved long-term were enriched in clones originally shared in different memory T cell subsets, whereas dominant long-term clonotypes appeared to preferentially originate from infused TSCM and TCM clones. Together, these results indicate that long-term persistence of gene-modified memory T cells after haploidentical HSCT is influenced by antigen exposure and by the original phenotype of infused cells. Cancer adoptive immunotherapy might thus benefit from cellular products enriched in lymphocytes with an early-differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Oliveira
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Eliana Ruggiero
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Nicoletta Cieri
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Mattia D'Agostino
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Fronza
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Christina Lulay
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Sara Mastaglio
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | | | - Luca Biasco
- Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, PIBIC, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Vago
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmidt
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Claudio Bordignon
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy. MolMed S.p.A, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy. Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-Immunotherapy of Cancer (PIBIC), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
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Leuci V, Casucci M, Grignani G, Rotolo R, Vigna E, Gammaitoni L, Mesiano G, D’Ambrosio L, Aglietta M, Bondanza A, Sangiolo D. Abstract 2298: Cytokine-induced killer cells redirected with anti-CD44v6 chimeric antigen receptor against soft tissue sarcomas. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of our study is to explore the anti-sarcoma activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against the isoform variant 6 of adhesive receptor CD44 (CD44v6). CD44v6 may be an ideal target for immunotherapy as it is a tumor-promoting antigen, associated with the metastatic process and tumor initiating cells. Advanced and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are currently incurable and in great need for new therapeutic strategies.
CIK cells are ex vivo expanded T lymphocytes endowed with MHC-independent antitumor activity.
CIK cells are active against STS (Sangiolo et al. Cancer Research 2014) but their function decreases at low effector/target (E/T) ratios with limitations in clinical perspective. We hypothesized that CIK cells may be effective candidates for CAR-based strategies, considering their intense ex vivo expansibility and innate antitumor activity.
Experimental procedures and results. CIK cells were expanded from 9 STS patients and engineered with a lentiviral vector encoding for anti-CD44v6 CAR containing a CD28 signaling domain (Casucci et al, Blood 2013) and the HSV-TK suicide switch. Tumor killing was assessed in vitro against 10 STS (undifferentiated pleomorphic n = 5; Liposarcoma n = 2; Fibrosarcoma n = 1; GIST n = 2), in 2 cases STS targets were autologous.
All 10 STS expressed CD44v6 (Relative Fluorescence Intensity = 4, SE = 1). Mean transduction efficiency was 60% (SE = 6%). Expansion rates and phenotype of CAR-CIK were comparable with unmodified controls (CD3+CD56+ = 50%; CD8 = 66%; NKG2D = 85%).
Anti-CD44v6 CAR-CIK cells efficiently killed STS in vitro. Mean tumor-specific killing, at low E/T ratios, was significantly higher compared with unmodified CIK cells: 98% vs 84% (E/T = 10:1, p>0.05), 89% vs 41% (E/T = 1:1, p = 0.0001), 65% vs 26% (E/T = 1:4 p = 0.0001).
In vitro treatment with Ganciclovir (10 μM) significantly inhibited tumor killing activity of CAR-CIK from 70% to 10% (E/T 1:1, n = 3, p = 0.008).
Blocking experiments (n = 2) with anti-CD44v6 antibody against the same epitope recognized by the CAR (VFF-18) decreased tumor-specific killing from 96% to 43% (E/T = 1:1) and 27% (E/T = 1:2). Adoptive infusion of anti-CD44v6 CAR-CIK cells significantly delayed tumor growth (p = 0.01) and reduced proliferative index (p = 0.001) of established subcutaneous fibrosarcoma xenografts in NOD/SCID mice (n = 3) compared to untreated controls (n = 3) without any sign of toxicity.
Conclusions. Ours is the first report of CAR-engineered CIK cells against solid tumors. This approach significantly potentiates the innate tumor killing ability of CIK cells with a new redirected antitumor specificity. CIK cells may be appealing alternative candidates to conventional T cells for future CAR-based strategies against solid tumors. Our findings support CD44v6 as a valuable target for adoptive cell therapies against currently incurable sarcomas.
Citation Format: Valeria Leuci, Monica Casucci, Giovanni Grignani, Ramona Rotolo, Elisa Vigna, Loretta Gammaitoni, Giulia Mesiano, Lorenzo D’Ambrosio, Massimo Aglietta, Attilio Bondanza, Dario Sangiolo. Cytokine-induced killer cells redirected with anti-CD44v6 chimeric antigen receptor against soft tissue sarcomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2298.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Leuci
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Monica Casucci
- 2San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ramona Rotolo
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Elisa Vigna
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | | | | | - Lorenzo D’Ambrosio
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- 2San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- 1University of Torino, Department of Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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24
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Locafaro G, Andolfi G, Russo F, Camisa B, Ciceri F, Lombardo A, Bondanza A, Roncarolo MG, Gregori S. 637. Targeting of Myeloid Leukemia by IL-10-Engineered Human CD4+ Tr1 Cells. Mol Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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25
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Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from an allogeneic donor is an effective form of cancer immunotherapy, especially for acute leukemias. HSCT is however frequently complicated by the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Immunocompromised mice infused with human T cells often develop a clinical syndrome resembling human GVHD (xenogeneic or X-GVHD). Herein, we describe a method for inducing X-GVHD in a highly reproducible manner. Given the human nature of immune effectors, this xenogeneic model can be routinely adopted for screening the efficacy of new treatments for GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Norelli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, Milano, 21032, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Camisa
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, Milano, 21032, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milano, 21032, Italy.
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26
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Norelli M, Casucci M, Bonini C, Bondanza A. Clinical pharmacology of CAR-T cells: Linking cellular pharmacodynamics to pharmacokinetics and antitumor effects. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1865:90-100. [PMID: 26748354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer of T cells genetically modified with tumor-reactive chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a rapidly emerging field in oncology, which in preliminary clinical trials has already shown striking antitumor efficacy. Despite these premises, there are still a number of open issues related to CAR-T cells, spanning from their exact mechanism of action (pharmacodynamics), to the factors associated with their in vivo persistence (pharmacokinetics), and, finally, to the relative contribution of each of the two in determining the antitumor effects and accompanying toxicities. In light of the unprecedented curative potential of CAR-T cells and of their predicted wide availability in the next few years, in this review we will summarize the current knowledge on the clinical pharmacology aspects of what is anticipated to be a brand new class of biopharmaceuticals to join the therapeutic armamentarium of cancer doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Norelli
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - M Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - C Bonini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy; Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - A Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
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27
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Noviello M, Forcina A, Veronica V, Crocchiolo R, Stanghellini MTL, Carrabba M, Greco R, Vago L, Giglio F, Assanelli A, Carbone MR, Magnani Z, Crippa F, Corti C, Bernardi M, Peccatori J, Bordignon C, Ciceri F, Bonini C, Bondanza A. Early recovery of CMV immunity after HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a surrogate biomarker for a reduced risk of severe infections overall. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:1262-4. [PMID: 26076126 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Noviello
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Forcina
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - R Crocchiolo
- Department of Hematology, Humanitas Clinical Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M T L Stanghellini
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Carrabba
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - R Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Vago
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M R Carbone
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Z Magnani
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Crippa
- Infectious Disease Unit, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bernardi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - J Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Bordignon
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,MolMed S.p.a, Milan, Italy
| | - F Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bondanza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Greco R, Oliveira G, Stanghellini MTL, Vago L, Bondanza A, Peccatori J, Cieri N, Marktel S, Mastaglio S, Bordignon C, Bonini C, Ciceri F. Improving the safety of cell therapy with the TK-suicide gene. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:95. [PMID: 25999859 PMCID: PMC4419602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While opening new frontiers for the cure of malignant and non-malignant diseases, the increasing use of cell therapy poses also several new challenges related to the safety of a living drug. The most effective and consolidated cell therapy approach is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the only cure for several patients with high-risk hematological malignancies. The potential of allogeneic HSCT is strictly dependent on the donor immune system, particularly on alloreactive T lymphocytes, that promote the beneficial graft-versus-tumor effect (GvT), but may also trigger the detrimental graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). Gene transfer technologies allow to manipulate donor T-cells to enforce GvT and foster immune reconstitution, while avoiding or controlling GvHD. The suicide gene approach is based on the transfer of a suicide gene into donor lymphocytes, for a safe infusion of a wide T-cell repertoire, that might be selectively controlled in vivo in case of GvHD. The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) is the suicide gene most extensively tested in humans. Expression of HSV-TK in donor lymphocytes confers lethal sensitivity to the anti-herpes drug, ganciclovir. Progressive improvements in suicide genes, vector technology and transduction protocols have allowed to overcome the toxicity of GvHD while preserving the antitumor efficacy of allogeneic HSCT. Several phase I-II clinical trials in the last 20 years document the safety and the efficacy of HSV-TK approach, able to maintain its clear value over the last decades, in the rapidly progressing horizon of cancer cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Greco
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Giacomo Oliveira
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-immunotherapy of Cancer, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy ; Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Leukemia Immunotherapy Unit, Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cieri
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-immunotherapy of Cancer, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Sara Mastaglio
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-immunotherapy of Cancer, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | | | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Program in Immunology and Bio-immunotherapy of Cancer, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan Italy
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Norelli M, Casucci M, Camisa B, Falcone L, Saudemont A, Genovese P, Naldini L, Bonini C, Bondanza A. 716. Durable Acute Myeloid Leukemia Remission Without Myeloablation in an Innovative Xenotolerant Mouse Model of CD44v6 CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)34325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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30
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Casucci M, Falcone L, Camisa B, Bonini C, Bondanza A. 414. CAR Spacers Including NGFR Domains Allow Efficient T-Cell Tracking and Mediate Superior Antitumor Effects. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)34023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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31
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Di Lullo G, Marcatti M, Heltai S, Brunetto E, Tresoldi C, Bondanza A, Bonini C, Ponzoni M, Tonon G, Ciceri F, Bordignon C, Protti MP. Th22 cells increase in poor prognosis multiple myeloma and promote tumor cell growth and survival. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1005460. [PMID: 26155400 PMCID: PMC4485827 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1005460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increased production of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the bone marrow (BM) of multiple myeloma (MM) patients and these favor Th22 cell differentiation. Here, we found that the frequency of interleukin (IL)-22+IL-17-IL-13+ T cells is significantly increased in peripheral blood (PB) and BM of stage III and relapsed/refractory MM patients compared with healthy donors and patients with asymptomatic or stage I/II disease. Th22 cells cloned from the BM of MM patients were CCR6+CXCR4+CCR4+CCR10- and produced IL-22 and IL-13 but not IL-17. Furthermore, polyfunctional Th22-Th2 and Th22-Th1 clones were identified based on the co-expression of additional chemokine receptors and cytokines (CRTh2 or CXCR3 and IL-5 or interferon gamma [IFNγ], respectively). A fraction of MM cell lines and primary tumors aberrantly expressed the IL-22RA1 and IL-22 induced STAT-3 phosphorylation, cell growth, and resistance to drug-induced cell death in MM cells. IL-13 treatment of normal BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) induced STAT-6 phosphorylation, adhesion molecule upregulation, and increased IL-6 production and significantly favored MM cell growth compared with untreated BM MSCs. Collectively, our data show that increased frequency of IL-22+IL-17-IL-13+ T cells correlates with poor prognosis in MM through IL-22 and IL-13 protumor activity and suggest that interference with IL-22 and IL-13 signaling pathways could be exploited for therapeutic intervention.
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Key Words
- Ab, antibody; BM, bone marrow; BMMCs, bone marrow mononuclear cells; DCs, dendritic cells; Dx, dexamethasone; ICS, intracellular cytokine staining; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; ISS, International Staging System; LCL, Epstein–Barr virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line; Ln, lenalidomide; MGUS, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined clinical significance; MM, multiple myeloma; MSC, mesenchymal stromal cell; PB, peripheral blood; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; pDCs, plasmacytoid dendritic cells; SMM, smoldering multiple myeloma; Th, T helper; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Treg, regulatory T cells; WB, Western blot
- CD4+ T helper lymphocytes
- IL-22RA1
- Th22 cells
- bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
- bone marrow microenvironment
- interleukin-13
- interleukin-22
- multiple myeloma
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Lullo
- Tumor Immunology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Magda Marcatti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Heltai
- Tumor Immunology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Brunetto
- Tumor Immunology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Leukenia Immunotherapy Group; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Experimental Hematology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Division of Molecular Oncology; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Division of Molecular Oncology; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Bordignon
- MolMed SpA ; Milan, Italy ; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University ; Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Protti
- Tumor Immunology Unit; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy ; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute ; Milan, Italy
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32
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Casucci M, Hawkins RE, Dotti G, Bondanza A. Overcoming the toxicity hurdles of genetically targeted T cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:123-30. [PMID: 25488419 PMCID: PMC11028535 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The recent successes of clinical trials with T cells genetically modified with either clonal T cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors have also highlighted their potential toxicities. The aim of this focused review was to describe the adverse events observed in these clinical trials and to link them to the complex biology of genetically targeted T cells. Finally, strategies to overcome these toxicities will be proposed and discussed, including the use of suicide genes and other innovative gene therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Robert E. Hawkins
- Cancer Research UK, Department of Medical Oncology, University of Manchester and Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 4BX UK
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, 6621 Fannin St. MC 3-3320, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Innovative Immunotherapies Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Alexander T, Bondanza A, Muraro PA, Greco R, Saccardi R, Daikeler T, Kazmi M, Hawkey C, Simoes BP, Leblanc K, Fibbe WE, Moore J, Snarski E, Martin T, Hiepe F, Velardi A, Toubert A, Snowden JA, Farge D. SCT for severe autoimmune diseases: consensus guidelines of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation for immune monitoring and biobanking. Bone Marrow Transplant 2014; 50:173-80. [PMID: 25387090 PMCID: PMC4317973 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2014.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, SCT has emerged as a promising treatment option for patients with severe autoimmune diseases (ADs). Mechanistic studies recently provided the proof-of-concept that restoration of immunological tolerance can be achieved by haematopoietic SCT in chronic autoimmunity through eradication of the pathologic, immunologic memory and profound reconfiguration of the immune system, that is, immune ‘resetting'. Nevertheless, a number of areas remain unresolved and warrant further investigation to refine our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action and to optimize clinical SCT protocols. Due to the low number of patients transplanted in each centre, it is essential to adequately collect and analyse biological samples in a larger cohort of patients under standardized conditions. The European society for blood and marrow transplantation Autoimmune Diseases and Immunobiology Working Parties have, therefore, undertaken a joint initiative to develop and implement guidelines for ‘good laboratory practice' in relation to procurement, processing, storage and analysis of biological specimens for immune reconstitution studies in AD patients before, during and after SCT. The aim of this document is to provide practical recommendations for biobanking of samples and laboratory immune monitoring in patients with ADs undergoing SCT, both for routine supportive care purposes and investigational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alexander
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Bondanza
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - P A Muraro
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - R Saccardi
- Cord Blood Bank, Haematology department, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - T Daikeler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Kazmi
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Hawkey
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - B P Simoes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - K Leblanc
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - W E Fibbe
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Moore
- Department of Haematology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Snarski
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Martin
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Hiepe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Velardi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Toubert
- Inserm U1160, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Paris, France
| | - J A Snowden
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust & University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - D Farge
- Saint Louis Hospital, Unité de Médecine interne et Pathologie Vasculaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 7 University, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
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Gullotta F, Noviello M, Stanco D, Andolfi G, Bernardo ME, Bonini MC, Banfi G, Peretti G, De Girolamo L, Dotti G, Gregori S, Bondanza A. Transgenic expression of IL-10 by lentiviral vectors for increasing the anti-inflammatory efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells. J Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Escobar G, Moi D, Ranghetti A, Ozkal-Baydin P, Squadrito ML, Kajaste-Rudnitski A, Bondanza A, Gentner B, De Palma M, Mazzieri R, Naldini L. Genetic engineering of hematopoiesis for targeted IFN-α delivery inhibits breast cancer progression. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:217ra3. [PMID: 24382895 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment represents a major hurdle to cancer therapy. We developed a gene transfer strategy into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to target transgene expression to tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. Using a combination of transcriptional and microRNA-mediated control, we achieved selective expression of an interferon-α (IFN-α) transgene in differentiated monocytes of human hematochimeric mice. We show that IFN-α transgene expression does not impair engraftment and long-term multilineage repopulation of NSG (NOD/LtSz-scidIL2Rγ(null)) mice by transplanted human HSCs. By providing a source of human cytokines in the mice, we improved the functional reconstitution of human myeloid, natural killer, and T cell lineages, and achieved enhanced immune-mediated clearance of transplanted human breast tumors when hematopoiesis was engineered for tumor-targeted IFN-α expression. By applying our strategy to mouse breast cancer models, we achieved inhibition of tumor progression and experimental metastases in an autologous setting, likely through enhanced generation of effector T cells and their recruitment to the neoplastic tissues. By forcing IFN-α expression in tumor-infiltrating macrophages, we blunted their innate protumoral activity and reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment toward more effective dendritic cell activation and immune effector cell cytotoxicity. Overall, our studies validate the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic potential of a new cancer gene therapy strategy, and open the way to test this approach as adjuvant therapy in advanced breast cancer patients.
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Cieri N, Mastaglio S, Oliveira G, Casucci M, Bondanza A, Bonini C. Adoptive immunotherapy with genetically modified lymphocytes in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Immunol Rev 2014; 257:165-80. [PMID: 24329796 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a healthy donor (allo-HSCT) represents the most potent form of cellular adoptive immunotherapy to treat malignancies. In allo-HSCT, donor T cells are double edge-swords: highly potent against residual tumor cells, but potentially highly toxic, and responsible for graft versus host disease (GVHD), a major clinical complication of transplantation. Gene transfer technologies coupled with current knowledge on cancer immunology have generated a wide range of approaches aimed at fostering the immunological response to cancer cells, while avoiding or controlling GVHD. In this review, we discuss cell and gene therapy approaches currently tested in preclinical models and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Cieri
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, PIBIC, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Greco R, Bondanza A, Oliveira MC, Badoglio M, Burman J, Piehl F, Hagglund H, Krasulova E, Simões BP, Carlson K, Pohlreich D, Labopin M, Saccardi R, Comi G, Mancardi GL, Bacigalupo A, Ciceri F, Farge D. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in neuromyelitis optica: A registry study of the EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party. Mult Scler 2014; 21:189-97. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458514541978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, hallmarked by pathogenic anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies. NMO prognosis is worse compared with multiple sclerosis. Objective: The European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP) conducted a retrospective survey to analyze disease outcome following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Methods: This retrospective multicenter study assessed the efficacy and safety of ASCT in 16 patients suffering from refractory NMO reported to the EBMT registry between 2001 and 2011. Results: Fifteen patients were successfully mobilized with cyclophosphamide (Cy) and G-CSF, one with G-CSF alone. All patients received an unmanipulated autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft, after conditioning with BEAM plus anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG, n = 9 patients), thiotepa-Cy ( n = 3) or Cy (200 mg/kg) plus ATG ( n = 4). After a median follow-up of 47 months, three of 16 cases were progression and treatment free, while in the remaining 13 patients further treatments were administered for disability progression or relapse after ASCT. Altogether, relapse-free survival at three and five years was 31% and 10%, respectively, while progression-free survival remained 48% at three and five years. Conclusions: In these NMO patients, highly resistant to conventional treatment, ASCT allows for temporary control of the disease, despite a tendency to progress or relapse in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Leukemia Immunotherapy Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Maria Carolina Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuela Badoglio
- European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Study Office, Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP)-EBMT, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Sweden
| | - Hans Hagglund
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Sweden; Division of Hematology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Eva Krasulova
- Department of Neurology, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Czech Republic
| | - Belinda Pinto Simões
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - David Pohlreich
- 1st Department of Medicine, Department of Haematology, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic/1st Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Comi
- Neurology Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Mancardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Genetics, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Dominique Farge
- ADWP-EBMT Chair, Internal Medicine and Vascular Pathology Unit, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 7 University, INSERM 976, France
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Lepore M, de Lalla C, Gundimeda SR, Gsellinger H, Consonni M, Garavaglia C, Sansano S, Piccolo F, Scelfo A, Häussinger D, Montagna D, Locatelli F, Bonini C, Bondanza A, Forcina A, Li Z, Ni G, Ciceri F, Jenö P, Xia C, Mori L, Dellabona P, Casorati G, De Libero G. A novel self-lipid antigen targets human T cells against CD1c(+) leukemias. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1363-77. [PMID: 24935257 PMCID: PMC4076585 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T cells that recognize self-lipids presented by CD1c are frequent in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals and kill transformed hematopoietic cells, but little is known about their antigen specificity and potential antileukemia effects. We report that CD1c self-reactive T cells recognize a novel class of self-lipids, identified as methyl-lysophosphatidic acids (mLPAs), which are accumulated in leukemia cells. Primary acute myeloid and B cell acute leukemia blasts express CD1 molecules. mLPA-specific T cells efficiently kill CD1c(+) acute leukemia cells, poorly recognize nontransformed CD1c-expressing cells, and protect immunodeficient mice against CD1c(+) human leukemia cells. The identification of immunogenic self-lipid antigens accumulated in leukemia cells and the observed leukemia control by lipid-specific T cells in vivo provide a new conceptual framework for leukemia immune surveillance and possible immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lepore
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia de Lalla
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - S Ramanjaneyulu Gundimeda
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Gsellinger
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michela Consonni
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Garavaglia
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sansano
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Piccolo
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Scelfo
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università di Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forcina
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Guanghui Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Jenö
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lucia Mori
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138648
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138648
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Peccatori J, Forcina A, Clerici D, Crocchiolo R, Vago L, Stanghellini MTL, Noviello M, Messina C, Crotta A, Assanelli A, Marktel S, Olek S, Mastaglio S, Giglio F, Crucitti L, Lorusso A, Guggiari E, Lunghi F, Carrabba M, Tassara M, Battaglia M, Ferraro A, Carbone MR, Oliveira G, Roncarolo MG, Rossini S, Bernardi M, Corti C, Marcatti M, Patriarca F, Zecca M, Locatelli F, Bordignon C, Fleischhauer K, Bondanza A, Bonini C, Ciceri F. Sirolimus-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis promotes the in vivo expansion of regulatory T cells and permits peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from haploidentical donors. Leukemia 2014; 29:396-405. [PMID: 24897508 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical family donors is a promising therapeutic option for high-risk hematologic malignancies. Here we explored in 121 patients, mostly with advanced stage diseases, a sirolimus-based, calcineurin-inhibitor-free prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) to allow the infusion of unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) grafts from partially HLA-matched family donors (TrRaMM study, Eudract 2007-5477-54). Conditioning regimen was based on treosulfan and fludarabine, and GvHD prophylaxis on antithymocyte globulin Fresenius (ATG-F), rituximab and oral administration of sirolimus and mycophenolate. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred in median at 17 and 19 days after HSCT, respectively, and full donor chimerism was documented in patients' bone marrow since the first post-transplant evaluation. T-cell immune reconstitution was rapid, and high frequencies of circulating functional T-regulatory cells (Treg) were documented during sirolimus prophylaxis. Incidence of acute GvHD grade II-IV was 35%, and occurrence and severity correlated negatively with Treg frequency. Chronic GvHD incidence was 47%. At 3 years after HSCT, transpant-related mortality was 31%, relapse incidence 48% and overall survival 25%. In conclusion, GvHD prophylaxis with sirolimus-mycophenolate-ATG-F-rituximab promotes a rapid immune reconstitution skewed toward Tregs, allowing the infusion of unmanipulated haploidentical PBSC grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Forcina
- 1] Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [2] Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - D Clerici
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - R Crocchiolo
- 1] Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [2] Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - L Vago
- 1] Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [2] Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M T L Stanghellini
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Noviello
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Messina
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Crotta
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Olek
- Epiontis GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Mastaglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - L Crucitti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Lorusso
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - E Guggiari
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Lunghi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Carrabba
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tassara
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Battaglia
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Ferraro
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M R Carbone
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - G Oliveira
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M G Roncarolo
- 1] Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [2] San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [3] 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - S Rossini
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bernardi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Marcatti
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Patriarca
- Clinica Ematologica, Policlinico Universitario, Udine, Italy
| | - M Zecca
- Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - C Bordignon
- 1] 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy [2] MolMed SpA, Milan, Italy
| | - K Fleischhauer
- Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bondanza
- 1] Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy [2] Leukemia Immunotherapy Group, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Transplants, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Gene Therapy and Stem Cells, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Ciceri F, Bonini C, Nagler A, Yannaki E, Lupo Stanghellini MT, Bondanza A, Oliveira G, Greco R, Olavarria E, Weissinger EM, Stadler M, Bunjes D, Niederwieser D, Uharek L, Bethge W, DiPersio J, Donato M, Pecora A, Lambiase A, Bordignon C. Efficacy of HSV-TK+ suicide gene donor lymphocytes after haploidentical transplantation (haplo-HSCT): Preliminary results of randomized TK008 study. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.7003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and BMT Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division, BMT and Cord Blood Bank, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | | | - Attilio Bondanza
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oliveira
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lutz Uharek
- Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - John DiPersio
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Greco R, Bondanza A, Vago L, Moiola L, Rossi P, Furlan R, Martino G, Radaelli M, Martinelli V, Carbone MR, Lupo Stanghellini MT, Assanelli A, Bernardi M, Corti C, Peccatori J, Bonini C, Vezzulli P, Falini A, Ciceri F, Comi G. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol 2014; 75:447-53. [PMID: 24318127 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica is a rare neurological autoimmune disorder characterized by a poor prognosis. Immunosuppression can halt disease progression, but some patients are refractory to multiple treatments, experiencing frequent relapses with accumulating disability. Here we report on durable clinical remissions after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 2 patients suffering from severe forms of the disease. Immunological data evidenced disappearance of the pathogenic antibodies and regeneration of a naive immune system of donor origin. These findings correlated with evident clinical and radiological improvement in both patients, warranting extended clinical trials to investigate this promising therapeutic option.
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Passerini L, Mel ER, Sartirana C, Fousteri G, Bondanza A, Naldini L, Roncarolo MG, Bacchetta R. CD4+ T Cells from IPEX Patients Convert into Functional and Stable Regulatory T Cells by FOXP3 Gene Transfer. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:215ra174. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ciceri F, Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Oliveira G, Greco R, Vago L, Bondanza A, Lambiase A, Bordignon C, Bonini C. Long-term safety and survival outcomes after TK-expressing donor lymphocyte infusion (TK-DLI) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). J Clin Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.7007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7007 Background: Suicide gene therapy (SGT) was firstly applied to allogeneic HSCT, addressing the need for modulation of graft vs host disease (GvHD) reactions while preserving graft vs leukemia (GvL) effect of alloreactive T cells. HSV-TK gene insertion in donor T-cells modulates alloreactivity by selectively destroying dividing alloreactive cells involved in GvHD. Methods: Long-term safety and survival was assessed in 128 pts entering worldwide 10 phase I-II trials that used TK-DLI to improve GvL, immune reconstitution (IR) and GvHD control. In all, 57 pts received TK DLI at our Institution: 23 to treat relapse after HLA-identical HSCT (Ciceri, 2007) and 34 to improve IR after haploidentical HSCT (Ciceri, Bonini, 2009). Results: SGT was feasible, safe and effective in promoting a dynamic and specific modulation of alloreactivity. TK-DLI clinical benefit, defined by chimerism, tumor response and/or IR, was achieved by 65 pts (51%). Grade 2 to 4 GvHD (n=28, 22%) was fully controlled by SGT. TK-DLI engrafted in 51 pts (90%) and, being detectable at low frequency up to 14 yrs, no SGT-related adverse events occurred. In HLA-identical setting (n=23; median follow-up, 15 yrs), 11 pts (48%) had disease response and 2 pts (9%) were alive in complete response (CR). In haploidentical setting (n=34; median follow-up, 7 yrs), 25 pts (73%) had IR and 9 pts (26%) were alive in CR. All pts were monitored according to guidelines on long-term survivors (Majhail, 2012). There were no major infections, while 3 pts had a second tumor. Immunity against TK-DLI was reported exclusively after HLA-identical allo-HSCT indicating that TK-DLI is not limited by SGT-specific immunity after haploidentical HSCT. Conclusions: Long-term follow-up confirms the high benefit to risk ratio of TK-DLI. A phase III trial is ongoing in haploidentical HSCT (NCT00914628). Clinical trial information: NCT00423124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Oliveira
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Program, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Program, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Bonini
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Program, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Oliveira G, Toffalori C, Garcia-Manteiga JM, Camisa B, Crucitti L, Lazarevic D, Peccatori J, Bernardi M, Bordignon C, Bondanza A, Stupka E, Ciceri F, Fleischhauer K, Bonini C, Vago L. Modeling leukemia immunoediting in mouse-human chimeras (P2169). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.170.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) can be recognized and eliminated by the immune system, as demonstrated by the clinical efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Still, immune-resistant variants of AML can outgrow upon the selective pressure of the transplanted immune system and determine clinical relapse, in a process called “leukemia immunoediting”, the biological bases of which remain largely unknown. To unravel novel mechanisms of immunoediting, we engrafted primary human AML in immunocompromised NOD/SCID γ-chainnull mice and modeled immune pressure by serial infusions of human T cells, either autologous or allogeneic to the leukemic cells. HLA-mismatched allogeneic T cells eradicated AML from 6/6 treated mice, whereas HLA-identical T cells granted only temporary control in 3/3 mice and autologous T cells were completely inefficacious in 3/3 mice. To fine-tune immune pressure from HLA-mismatched T cells, and thus model a phase of equilibrium before leukemia immune escape, we genetically modified allogeneic T cells to express the HSV-Tk suicide gene. The activation of the suicidal machinery abated circulating T cell counts in 3/3 mice, halted the ongoing antileukemic response and resulted in leukemia outgrowth. Gene expression profiling of the AML blasts purified from the mice upon escape from immune pressure demonstrated the selective and significant deregulation of genes involved in immune processes, including antigen processing and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Oliveira
- 1Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
- 2Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Toffalori
- 2Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- 3Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Camisa
- 1Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Crucitti
- 5Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- 4Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- 5Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernardi
- 5Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Bordignon
- 2Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- 6MolMed SpA, Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- 1Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Stupka
- 4Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- 5Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Katharina Fleischhauer
- 3Unit of Molecular and Functional Immunogenetics, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- 1Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- 5Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
- 1Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Inst., Milan, Italy
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Forcina A, Noviello M, Carbone MR, Bonini C, Bondanza A. Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Long and Winding Road toward Validated Immune Biomarkers. Front Immunol 2013; 4:71. [PMID: 23531639 PMCID: PMC3607069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is strongly influenced from the potential complications arising during the delicate phase of post-transplant immune restoration. The quantitative aspects of immune-cell repopulation after HSCT and the qualitative features their functional restitution have been extensively reported. Nevertheless, measurable immune biomarkers predicting the clinical outcome of HSCT await formal validation. The aim of this review is an appraisal of most studies published so far on the predictive value of different T and NK-cell biomarkers after HSCT with emphasis on defined thresholds endorsed by multivariate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Forcina
- Experimental Hematology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan, Italy
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Tresoldi E, Dell'Albani I, Stabilini A, Jofra T, Valle A, Gagliani N, Bondanza A, Roncarolo MG, Battaglia M. Reply to Comment on "Stability of human rapamycin-expanded CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells" Haematologica 2011;96(9):1357-65. Haematologica 2012. [DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2012.064246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Russo V, Bondanza A, Ciceri F, Bregni M, Bordignon C, Traversari C, Bonini C. A dual role for genetically modified lymphocytes in cancer immunotherapy. Trends Mol Med 2012; 18:193-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Casucci M, Bondanza A, Falcone L, Provasi E, Magnani Z, Bonini C. Genetic engineering of T cells for the immunotherapy of haematological malignancies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 79:4-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Casucci M, Bondanza A. Suicide gene therapy to increase the safety of chimeric antigen receptor-redirected T lymphocytes. J Cancer 2011; 2:378-82. [PMID: 21750689 PMCID: PMC3133962 DOI: 10.7150/jca.2.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are generated by fusing the antigen-binding motif of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) with the signal transduction machinery of the T-cell receptor (TCR). The genetic modification of T lymphocytes with chimeric receptors specific for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) allows for the redirection towards tumor cells. Clinical experience with CAR-redirected T cells suggests that antitumor efficacy associates with some degree of toxicity, especially when TAA expression is shared with healthy tissues. This situation closely resembles the case of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), wherein allorecognition causes both the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Suicide gene therapy, i.e. the genetic induction of a conditional suicide phenotype into donor T cells, enables dissociating the GVL effect from GVHD. Applying suicide gene modification to CAR-redirected T cells may therefore greatly increase their safety profile and facilitate their clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Casucci
- Experimental Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, ITALY
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Bordignon C, Vago L, Oliveira G, Noviello M, Soldati C, Ghio D, Brigida I, Aiuti A, Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Peccatori J, Lambiase A, Bondanza A, Del Maschio A, Ciceri F, Bonini C. Mechanism of thymic renewal after infusion of suicide gene-modified donor T cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in adult patients. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.6526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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