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Meric-Bernstam F, Hollebecque A, Furuse J, Oh DY, Bridgewater JA, Shimura M, Anderson B, Hangai N, Wacheck V, Goyal L. Safety Profile and Adverse Event Management for Futibatinib, An Irreversible FGFR1-4 Inhibitor: Pooled Safety Analysis of 469 Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1466-1477. [PMID: 38329716 PMCID: PMC11016890 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Futibatinib, a covalently-binding inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1-4 gained approval for the treatment of refractory, advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) harboring an FGFR2 fusion/other rearrangement. An integrated analysis was performed to evaluate safety and provide guidance on the management of futibatinib-associated adverse events (AEs) in patients with unresectable/metastatic tumors, including iCCA. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from three global phase I or II studies of futibatinib (NCT02052778; JapicCTI-142552) were pooled. AEs were graded per NCI CTCAE v4.03, where applicable. Safety was analyzed for patients receiving any futibatinib starting dose (overall population) and in those receiving the approved starting dose of 20 mg once every day. RESULTS In total, 469 patients with one of 33 known tumor types were analyzed, including 318 patients who received futibatinib 20 mg every day. AEs of clinical interest (AECI; any grade/grade ≥3) in the overall population included hyperphosphatemia (82%/19%), nail disorders (27%/1%), hepatic AEs (27%/11%), stomatitis (19%/3%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (PPES; 13%/3%), rash (9%/0%), retinal disorders (8%/0%), and cataract (4%/1%). Median time to onset of grade ≥3 AECIs ranged from 9 days (hyperphosphatemia) to 125 days (cataract). Grade ≥3 hyperphosphatemia, hepatic AEs, PPES, and nail disorders resolved to grade ≤2 within a median of 7, 7, 8, and 28 days, respectively. Discontinuations due to treatment-related AEs were rare (2%), and no treatment-related deaths occurred. AE management included phosphate-lowering medication and dose adjustments. CONCLUSIONS Futibatinib showed a consistent and manageable safety profile across patients with various tumor types. AECIs were mostly reversible with appropriate clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Do-Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - John A. Bridgewater
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Lipika Goyal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Center, Palo Alto, California
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Begovich K, Schoolmeesters A, Rajapakse N, Martinez-Terroba E, Kumar M, Shakya A, Lai C, Greene S, Whitefield B, Okano A, Mali V, Huang S, Chourasia AH, Fung L. Cereblon-based Bifunctional Degrader of SOS1, BTX-6654, Targets Multiple KRAS Mutations and Inhibits Tumor Growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:407-420. [PMID: 38224565 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Mutations within the oncogene KRAS drive an estimated 25% of all cancers. Only allele-specific KRAS G12C inhibitors are currently available and are associated with the emergence of acquired resistance, partly due to upstream pathway reactivation. Given its upstream role in the activation of KRAS, son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target. Agents that target SOS1 for degradation could represent a potential pan-KRAS modality that may be capable of circumventing certain acquired resistance mechanisms. Here, we report the development of two SOS1 cereblon-based bifunctional degraders, BTX-6654 and BTX-7312, cereblon-based bifunctional SOS1 degraders. Both compounds exhibited potent target-dependent and -specific SOS1 degradation. BTX-6654 and BTX-7312 reduced downstream signaling markers, pERK and pS6, and displayed antiproliferative activity in cells harboring various KRAS mutations. In two KRAS G12C xenograft models, BTX-6654 degraded SOS1 in a dose-dependent manner correlating with tumor growth inhibition, additionally exhibiting synergy with KRAS and MEK inhibitors. Altogether, BTX-6654 provided preclinical proof of concept for single-agent and combination use of bifunctional SOS1 degraders in KRAS-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chon Lai
- BioTheryx, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leah Fung
- BioTheryx, Inc., San Diego, California
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Cohen SA, Nixon DM. Evaluating attributes of a collaborative model of service delivery for hereditary cancer risk assessment. J Genet Couns 2024; 33:291-300. [PMID: 37183788 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this nonrandomized study was to compare several attributes of hereditary cancer risk assessment using a collaborative model of service delivery. Arm 1 included patients seen in-person by a board-certified genetic counselor (CGC), Arm 2 included high-complexity triaged patients from distant sites who received telegenetics with a CGC, and Arm 3 included low-complexity triaged patients from distant sites who had in-person risk assessment with a locally placed genetic counselor extender (GCE). A total of 152 patients consented and 98 had complete data available for analysis (35 in Arm 1, 33 in Arm 2, and 30 in Arm 3). The three groups were comparable in age, ethnicity, education, employment, and cancer status. There was no significant difference in median wait time or distance traveled to receive care across all three arms. However, if patients in Arms 2 and 3 had to access the CGC in-person, they would have had to travel significantly further (p < 0.0001). The time spent in a session was significantly longer in Arm 3 with a GCE than with a CGC in-person or by telegenetics (p < 0.01). There was no difference in the number of essential elements covered in the appointment, change in cancer worry, or appointment satisfaction across all three arms, although the sample size was small. Employing a collaborative model of service delivery with GCEs and telegenetics is feasible, satisfactory to patients and reduces the distance patients travel to access hereditary cancer genetic services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Cohen
- Ascension St. Vincent, Cancer Genetics Risk Assessment Program, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Dawn M Nixon
- Ascension St. Vincent, Cancer Genetics Risk Assessment Program, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Eikenberry M. Examining the Early Academic Performance of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students After Holistic Review: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Phys Ther Educ 2024:00001416-990000000-00101. [PMID: 38506632 DOI: 10.1097/jte.0000000000000340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A diverse health care workforce can help to address systemic health disparities. Holistic review and use of an expanded definition of underrepresented minority (URM) that includes factors beyond race and ethnicity are suggested methods to promote diversity in the physical therapist (PT) workforce and ultimately address societal health disparities. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Evidence suggests that holistic review can promote PT student diversity; however, limited evidence exists that describes the academic outcomes of holistic review that consider social determinants of learning (SDOL) factors in the review process. The purpose of this study was to examine the early academic outcomes of students after a holistic review and to examine relationships between SDOL factors and academic performance. SUBJECTS A convenience sample of 160 students admitted to a doctor of physical therapy (DPT) program from June 2020 to June 2022 was used. METHODS A secondary analysis of students' self-reported responses from their admissions application was used to categorize response data into SDOL groups. An independent-sample t-test was used to test group differences in academic performance, and regression modeling was used to test relationships between SDOL factors and academic performance. RESULTS The mean 6-month DPT program grade point average (GPA) of the sample was 3.32 ± .43. Nonstatistically significant differences appeared in early DPT GPA between URM and non-URM student groups. However, after controlling for undergraduate GPA, a history of educational disadvantage was the only SDOL factor that contributed to early DPT GPA variance (2.6%), P < .05. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The similar academic performance of URM and non-URM students provides support for using an expanded URM definition in holistic review. Most of the educationally disadvantaged group were first-generation college students, which was associated with lower early GPA. These results provide emerging evidence that first-generation students in DPT programs may benefit from additional academic support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Eikenberry
- Megan Eikenberry is the board-certified neurologic clinical specialist and is an associate professor in the Physical Therapy Program at the Midwestern University, Glendale 19555 N 59th Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308 . Please address all correspondence to Megan Eikenberry
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Choueiri TK, Donahue AC, Braun DA, Rini BI, Powles T, Haanen JB, Larkin J, Mu XJ, Pu J, Teresi RE, di Pietro A, Robbins PB, Motzer RJ. Integrative Analyses of Tumor and Peripheral Biomarkers in the Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:406-423. [PMID: 38385846 PMCID: PMC10905671 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in patients (N = 886) with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line avelumab + axitinib (A+Ax) versus sunitinib. We report novel findings from integrated analyses of longitudinal blood samples and baseline tumor tissue. PFS was associated with elevated lymphocyte levels in the sunitinib arm and an abundance of innate immune subsets in the A+Ax arm. Treatment with A+Ax led to greater T-cell repertoire modulation and less change in T-cell numbers versus sunitinib. In the A+Ax arm, patients with tumors harboring mutations in ≥2 of 10 previously identified PFS-associated genes (double mutants) had distinct circulating and tumor-infiltrating immunologic profiles versus those with wild-type or single-mutant tumors, suggesting a role for non-T-cell-mediated and non-natural killer cell-mediated mechanisms in double-mutant tumors. We provide evidence for different immunomodulatory mechanisms based on treatment (A+Ax vs. sunitinib) and tumor molecular subtypes. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings provide novel insights into the different immunomodulatory mechanisms governing responses in patients treated with avelumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) + axitinib or sunitinib (both VEGF inhibitors), highlighting the contribution of tumor biology to the complexity of the roles and interactions of infiltrating immune cells in response to these treatment regimens. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni K. Choueiri
- The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - David A. Braun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian I. Rini
- Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thomas Powles
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Queen Mary University of London, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John B.A.G. Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James Larkin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jie Pu
- Pfizer, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | | | - Robert J. Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Rajasekaran N, Wang X, Ravindranathan S, Chin DJ, Tseng SY, Klakamp SL, Widmann K, Kapoor VN, Vexler V, Keegan P, Yao S, LaVallee T, Khare SD. Toripalimab, a therapeutic monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody with high binding affinity to PD-1 and enhanced potency to activate human T cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:60. [PMID: 38400933 PMCID: PMC10894093 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03635-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed death-1 (PD-1) have demonstrated significant clinical benefit particularly in patients with PD-L1 expressing tumors. Toripalimab is a humanized anti-PD-1 antibody, approved by FDA for first-line treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in combination with chemotherapy. In a post hoc analysis of phase 3 studies, toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy improved overall survival irrespective of PD-L1 status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (JUPITER-02), advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CHOICE-01) and advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (JUPITER-06). On further characterization, we determined that toripalimab is molecularly and functionally differentiated from pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 mAb approved previously for treating a wide spectrum of tumors. Toripalimab, which binds the FG loop of PD-1, has 12-fold higher binding affinity to PD-1 than pembrolizumab and promotes significantly more Th1- and myeloid-derived inflammatory cytokine responses in healthy human PBMCs in vitro. In an ex vivo system employing dissociated tumor cells from treatment naïve non-small cell lung cancer patients, toripalimab induced several unique genes in IFN-γ and immune cell pathways, showed different kinetics of activation and significantly enhanced IFN-γ signature. Additionally, binding of toripalimab to PD-1 induced lower levels of SHP1 and SHP2 recruitment, the negative regulators of T cell activation, in Jurkat T cells ectopically expressing PD-1. Taken together, these data demonstrate that toripalimab is a potent anti-PD-1 antibody with high affinity PD-1 binding, strong functional attributes and demonstrated clinical activity that encourage its continued clinical investigation in several types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Sruthi Ravindranathan
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Daniel J Chin
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Su-Yi Tseng
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Scott L Klakamp
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Kate Widmann
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Varun N Kapoor
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Vladimir Vexler
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Patricia Keegan
- TopAlliance Biosciences, 9430 Key West Ave, Suite 125, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Sheng Yao
- TopAlliance Biosciences, 9430 Key West Ave, Suite 125, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Shanghai Junshi Biosciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Theresa LaVallee
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | - Sanjay D Khare
- Coherus Biosciences, 333 Twin Dolphin Drive, Suite 600, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
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Bezinover D, Zerillo J, Chadha RM, Wagener G, Blasi A, Johnson T, Pan TLT, De Marchi L. Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography for Liver Transplantation: A Global Comparison of Practice From the ILTS, SATA, and LICAGE. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00664. [PMID: 38383955 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anesthesiologists frequently use intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to aid in the diagnosis and management of hemodynamic problems during liver transplantation (LT). Although the use of TEE in US centers continues to increase, data regarding international use are lacking. METHODS This prospective, global, survey-based study evaluates international experience with TEE for LT. Responses from 252 LT (105 US and 147 non-US) centers representing 1789 anesthesiologists were analyzed. RESULTS Routine use of TEE in the United States has increased in the last 5 y (from 37% to 47%), but only 21% of non-US LT anesthesiologists use TEE routinely. Lack of training (44% US versus 70% non-US) and equipment (9% non-US, versus 34% US) were cited as obstacles. Most survey participants preferred not to perform a complete cardiac examination but rather use only 6 of 11 basic views. Although non-US LT anesthesiologists more frequently had additional clinical training than their US counterparts, they had less TEE experience (13% versus 44%) and less frequently, TEE certification (22% versus 35%). Most LT anesthesiologists agreed that TEE certification is essential for proficiency. Of all respondents, 89% agreed or strongly agreed that TEE provides valuable information needed for immediate clinical decision-making, and >86% agreed or strongly agreed that that information could not be derived from other sources. CONCLUSIONS The use of TEE for LT surgery in the US LT centers is currently higher compared with non-US LT centers. This may become a standard monitoring modality during LT in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Bezinover
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jeron Zerillo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ryan M Chadha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Gebhard Wagener
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Annabel Blasi
- Anesthesia Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS (Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyé), Barcelona. Spain
| | - Taylor Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Terry Ling Te Pan
- Department of Anaesthesia, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lorenzo De Marchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, MedStar-Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC
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Schmid P, Turner NC, Barrios CH, Isakoff SJ, Kim SB, Sablin MP, Saji S, Savas P, Vidal GA, Oliveira M, O'Shaughnessy J, Italiano A, Espinosa E, Boni V, White S, Rojas B, Freitas-Junior R, Chae Y, Bondarenko I, Lee J, Torres Mattos C, Martinez Rodriguez JL, Lam LH, Jones S, Reilly SJ, Huang X, Shah K, Dent R. First-Line Ipatasertib, Atezolizumab, and Taxane Triplet for Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Clinical and Biomarker Results. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:767-778. [PMID: 38060199 PMCID: PMC10870115 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a triplet regimen combining immune checkpoint blockade, AKT pathway inhibition, and (nab-) paclitaxel as first-line therapy for locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS The single-arm CO40151 phase Ib study (NCT03800836), the single-arm signal-seeking cohort of IPATunity130 (NCT03337724), and the randomized phase III IPATunity170 trial (NCT04177108) enrolled patients with previously untreated mTNBC. Triplet therapy comprised intravenous atezolizumab 840 mg (days 1 and 15), oral ipatasertib 400 mg/day (days 1-21), and intravenous paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 (or nab-paclitaxel 100 mg/m2; days 1, 8, and 15) every 28 days. Exploratory translational research aimed to elucidate mechanisms and molecular markers of sensitivity and resistance. RESULTS Among 317 patients treated with the triplet, efficacy ranged across studies as follows: median progression-free survival (PFS) 5.4 to 7.4 months, objective response rate 44% to 63%, median duration of response 5.6 to 11.1 months, and median overall survival 15.7 to 28.3 months. The safety profile was consistent with the known toxicities of each agent. Grade ≥3 adverse events were more frequent with the triplet than with doublets or single-agent paclitaxel. Patients with PFS >10 months were characterized by NF1, CCND3, and PIK3CA alterations and increased immune pathway activity. PFS <5 months was associated with CDKN2A/CDKN2B/MTAP alterations and lower predicted phosphorylated AKT-S473 levels. CONCLUSIONS In patients with mTNBC receiving an ipatasertib/atezolizumab/taxane triplet regimen, molecular characteristics may identify those with particularly favorable or unfavorable outcomes, potentially guiding future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C. Turner
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos H. Barrios
- Centro de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Hospital São Lucas, PUCRS, Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Brazil
| | | | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marie-Paule Sablin
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Shigehira Saji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Peter Savas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gregory A. Vidal
- West Cancer Center and Research Institute, Germantown, Tennessee
| | - Mafalda Oliveira
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Breast Cancer Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joyce O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Valentina Boni
- Oncology Service, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid – Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Rojas
- Oncology Service, Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruffo Freitas-Junior
- Gynaecology and Breast Department, Hospital Araujo Jorge, Goias Anticancer Association, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Yeesoo Chae
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jieun Lee
- Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cesar Torres Mattos
- Clínica San Gabriel, Unidad de Investigación Oncológica de la Clínica San Gabriel, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Lisa H. Lam
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Surai Jones
- Data Sciences, Safety and Medical (DSSM), IQVIA Inc., Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Xiayu Huang
- gRED Computational Science, Roche (China) Holding Ltd, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Kalpit Shah
- Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
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Sato S, Hanai T, Kanamoto T, Kawano F, Hikida M, Yokoi H, Take Y, Magome T, Ebina K, Mae T, Tanaka H, Nakata K. Vibration acceleration enhances proliferation, migration, and maturation of C2C12 cells and promotes regeneration of muscle injury in male rats. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15905. [PMID: 38396237 PMCID: PMC10890929 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibration acceleration (VA) using a whole-body vibration device is beneficial for skeletal muscles. However, its effect at the cellular level remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of VA on muscles in vitro and in vivo using the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line and cardiotoxin-induced injury in male rat soleus muscles. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the WST/CCK-8 assay and proportion of Ki-67 positive cells. Cell migration was assessed using wound-healing assay. Cell differentiation was examined by the maturation index in immunostained cultured myotubes and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Regeneration of soleus muscle in rats was assessed by recruitment of satellite cells, cross-sectional area of regenerated muscle fibers, number of centrally nucleated fibers, and conversion of regenerated muscle from fast- to slow-twitch. VA at 30 Hz with low amplitude for 10 min promoted C2C12 cell proliferation, migration, and myotube maturation, without promoting expression of genes related to differentiation. VA significantly increased Pax7-stained satellite cells and centrally nucleated fibers in injured soleus muscles on Day 7 and promoted conversion of fast- to slow-twitch muscle fibers with an increase in the mean cross-sectional area of regenerated muscle fibers on Day 14. VA enhanced the proliferation, migration, and maturation of C2C12 myoblasts and regeneration of injured rat muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seira Sato
- Department of Sports Medical ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hanai
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Takashi Kanamoto
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Fuminori Kawano
- Graduate School of Health SciencesMatsumoto UniversityMatsumotoNaganoJapan
| | - Minami Hikida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryNihon University School of DentistryChiyoda‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Yokoi
- Yokoi Health Care and Sports Orthopaedics ClinicToyonakaOsakaJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Take
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Takuya Magome
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Kosuke Ebina
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative MedicineOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuo Mae
- Department of Sports Medical BiomechanicsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Sports Medical ScienceOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Medicine for Sports and Performing ArtsOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
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10
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Nelson BE, Subbiah V. Predicting the Abscopal Phenomenon-Reply. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:250. [PMID: 38298151 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee
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11
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Crawford J, Calle RA, Collins SM, Weng Y, Lubaczewski SL, Buckeridge C, Wang EQ, Harrington MA, Tarachandani A, Rossulek MI, Revkin JH. A Phase Ib First-In-Patient Study Assessing the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Ponsegromab in Participants with Cancer and Cachexia. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:489-497. [PMID: 37982848 PMCID: PMC10831332 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cachexia is common in patients with advanced cancer and is associated with elevated serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) concentrations. This first-in-patient (phase Ib), 24-week study assessed use of ponsegromab, a mAb against GDF-15, in adults with advanced cancer, cachexia, and elevated GDF-15 serum concentration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants (n = 10) received open-label ponsegromab subcutaneous 200 mg every 3 weeks for 12 weeks in addition to standard-of-care anticancer treatment. Ponsegromab safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics were assessed in addition to serum GDF-15 concentrations and exploratory measures of efficacy. RESULTS No treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events, injection site reactions, or adverse trends in clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, or electrocardiogram parameters attributable to ponsegromab were identified. Median serum unbound GDF-15 concentration at baseline was 2.269 ng/mL. Following initiation of study treatment, median unbound GDF-15 concentrations were below the lower limit of quantification (0.0424 ng/mL) from day 1 (3 hours postdose) through week 15. Increases in body weight were observed at all time points during the treatment and follow-up periods. A least-squares mean (SE) increase of 4.63 (1.98) kg was observed at week 12, an increase of approximately 6.6% relative to baseline. Ponsegromab-mediated improvements in actigraphy-based assessments of physical activity and in quality of life, including appetite as assessed by Functional Assessment of Anorexia-Cachexia Therapy total and subscale scores, were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Ponsegromab was well tolerated, suppressed serum GDF-15 concentrations, and demonstrated preliminary evidence of efficacy. These findings support the continued development of ponsegromab for the treatment of cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Crawford
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roberto A. Calle
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Susie M. Collins
- Global Biometrics and Data Management, Pfizer R&D UK Ltd, Sandwich, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Weng
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shannon L. Lubaczewski
- Early Clinical Development Biomedicine Artificial Intelligence, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Clare Buckeridge
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ellen Q. Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - James H. Revkin
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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12
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Cescon DW, Hilton J, Morales Murilo S, Layman RM, Pluard T, Yeo B, Park IH, Provencher L, Kim SB, Im YH, Wyce A, Krishnatry AS, Hicks K, Zhang Q, Barbash O, Khaled A, Horner T, Dhar A, Oliveira M, Sparano JA. A Phase I/II Study of GSK525762 Combined with Fulvestrant in Patients with Hormone Receptor-positive/HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:334-343. [PMID: 37992310 PMCID: PMC10792358 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine-based therapy is the initial primary treatment option for hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC). However, patients eventually experience disease progression due to resistance to endocrine therapy. Molibresib (GSK525762) is a small-molecule inhibitor of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT). Preclinical data suggested that the combination of molibresib with endocrine therapy might overcome endocrine resistance. This study aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy [objective response rate (ORR)] of molibresib combined with fulvestrant in women with HR+/HER2- mBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this phase I/II dose-escalation and dose-expansion study, patients received oral molibresib 60 or 80 mg once daily in combination with intramuscular fulvestrant. Patients enrolled had relapsed/refractory, advanced/metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer with disease progression on prior treatment with an aromatase inhibitor, with or without a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor. RESULTS The study included 123 patients. The most common treatment-related adverse events (AE) were nausea (52%), dysgeusia (49%), and fatigue (45%). At a 60-mg dosage of molibresib, >90% of patients experienced treatment-related AE. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AE were observed in 47% and 48% of patients treated with molibresib 60 mg and molibresib 80 mg, respectively. The ORR was 13% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8-20], not meeting the 25% threshold for proceeding to phase II. Among 82 patients with detected circulating tumor DNA and clinical outcome at study enrollment, a strong association was observed between the detection of copy-number amplification and poor progression-free survival (HR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.73-4.83; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Molibresib in combination with fulvestrant did not demonstrate clinically meaningful activity in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Cescon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Hilton
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Belinda Yeo
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research and Wellness Centre and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - In Hae Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of South Korea
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | | | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mafalda Oliveira
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joseph A. Sparano
- Icahn School of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York (formerly Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York)
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13
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Filosto S, Vardhanabhuti S, Canales MA, Poiré X, Lekakis LJ, de Vos S, Portell CA, Wang Z, To C, Schupp M, Poddar S, Trinh T, Warren CM, Aguilar EG, Budka J, Cheng P, Chou J, Bot A, Shen RR, Westin JR. Product Attributes of CAR T-cell Therapy Differentially Associate with Efficacy and Toxicity in Second-line Large B-cell Lymphoma (ZUMA-7). Blood Cancer Discov 2024; 5:21-33. [PMID: 37983485 PMCID: PMC10772511 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-23-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment resistance and toxicities remain a risk following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Herein, we report pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and product and apheresis attributes associated with outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in ZUMA-7. Axi-cel peak expansion associated with clinical response and toxicity, but not response durability. In apheresis material and final product, a naive T-cell phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved response durability, event-free survival, progression-free survival, and a lower number of prior therapies. This phenotype was not associated with high-grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurologic events. Higher baseline and postinfusion levels of serum inflammatory markers associated with differentiated/effector products, reduced efficacy, and increased CRS and neurologic events, thus suggesting targets for intervention. These data support better outcomes with earlier CAR T-cell intervention and may improve patient care by informing on predictive biomarkers and development of next-generation products. SIGNIFICANCE In ZUMA-7, the largest randomized CAR T-cell trial in LBCL, a naive T-cell product phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved efficacy, decreased toxicity, and a lower number of prior therapies, supporting earlier intervention with CAR T-cell therapy. In addition, targets for improvement of therapeutic index are proposed. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xavier Poiré
- Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lazaros J. Lekakis
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida
| | - Sven de Vos
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Zixing Wang
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Christina To
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Marco Schupp
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | | | - Tan Trinh
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | | | | | - Justin Budka
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Paul Cheng
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Justin Chou
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | - Adrian Bot
- Kite, a Gilead Company, Santa Monica, California
| | | | - Jason R. Westin
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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14
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Hunt KS, Alspach E. Battle Within the Sexes: Differences in Male and Female Immunity and the Impact on Antitumor Responses. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:17-25. [PMID: 37939008 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The immune system plays critical roles in regulating tumor progression. However, despite established differences in male and female immune cell function, our appreciation of sex as a variable in antitumor immune responses is only beginning to develop. Recent findings in mice have demonstrated for the first time that disparities in cancer incidence between the sexes are driven in part by differences in male and female T-cell responses. This review will discuss the growing body of literature demonstrating that male and female innate and adaptive immune responses against tumors are not equivalent and highlight the impact this may have on tumor responses to immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katey S Hunt
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Elise Alspach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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15
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Mooradian AD, Haas MJ. Cardioprotective antihyperglycemic drugs ameliorate endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C89-C94. [PMID: 38009197 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00470.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellular stress, notably oxidative, inflammatory, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, saturated fat consumption, hypertension, and cigarette smoking cause ER stress whereas currently known cardioprotective drugs with diverse pharmacodynamics share a common pleiotropic effect of reducing ER stress. Selective targeting of oxidative stress with known antioxidative vitamins has been ineffective in reducing cardiovascular risk. This "antioxidant paradox" is partially attributed to the unexpected aggravation of ER stress by the antioxidative agents used. In contrast, some of the contemporary antihyperglycemic drugs inhibit both oxidative stress and ER stress in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Unlike sulfonylureas, meglitinides, α glucosidase inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones, metformin, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the only antihyperglycemic drugs that reduce ER stress caused by pharmacological agents (tunicamycin) or hyperglycemic conditions. Clinical trials with selective ER stress modifiers are needed to test the suitability of ER stress as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshag D Mooradian
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
| | - Michael J Haas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, United States
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16
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Malhi V, Agarwal P, Gates MR, Liu L, Wang J, De Bruyn T, Lam S, Eng-Wong J, Perez-Moreno P, Chen YC, Yu J. Optimizing Early-stage Clinical Pharmacology Evaluation to Accelerate Clinical Development of Giredestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:2551-2559. [PMID: 38019116 PMCID: PMC10722959 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We describe the clinical pharmacology characterization of giredestrant in a first-in-human study. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This phase Ia/Ib dose-escalation/-expansion study (NCT03332797) evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of giredestrant in estrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer. The single-agent dose-escalation stage evaluated giredestrant 10, 30, 90, or 250 mg once daily. The dose-expansion stage evaluated single-agent giredestrant at 30, 100, and 250 mg once daily. Dose-escalation and -expansion phases also evaluated giredestrant 100 mg combined with palbociclib 125 mg. RESULTS Following single-dose oral administration, giredestrant was rapidly absorbed and generally showed a dose-proportional increase in exposure at doses ranging from 10 to 250 mg. At the 30 mg clinical dose, maximum plasma concentration was 266 ng/mL (50.1%) and area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 hours at steady state was 4,320 ng·hour/mL (59.4%). Minimal giredestrant concentrations were detected in urine, indicating that renal excretion is unlikely to be a major elimination route for giredestrant. Mean concentration of 4beta-hydroxycholesterol showed no apparent increase over time at both the clinical dose (30 mg) and a supratherapeutic dose (90 mg), suggesting that giredestrant may have low CYP3A induction potential in humans. No clinically relevant drug-drug interaction was observed between giredestrant and palbociclib. Giredestrant exposure was not affected by food and was generally consistent between White and Asian patients. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates how the integration of clinical pharmacology considerations into early-phase clinical trials can inform the design of pivotal studies and accelerate oncology drug development. SIGNIFICANCE This work illustrates how comprehensive clinical pharmacology characterization can be integrated into first-in-human studies in oncology. It also demonstrates the value of understanding clinical pharmacology attributes to inform eligibility, concomitant medications, and combination dosing and to directly influence late-stage trial design and accelerate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Malhi
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Priya Agarwal
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Mary R. Gates
- Early Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Lichuan Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Jianshuang Wang
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Tom De Bruyn
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Scott Lam
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer Eng-Wong
- Early Clinical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Pablo Perez-Moreno
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Ya-Chi Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Jiajie Yu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
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17
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Satake T, Kondo S, Tanabe N, Mizuno T, Katsuya Y, Sato J, Koyama T, Yoshida T, Hirata M, Yamamoto N. Pathogenic Germline Variants in BRCA1/2 and p53 Identified by Real-world Comprehensive Cancer Genome Profiling Tests in Asian Patients. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:2302-2311. [PMID: 37916805 PMCID: PMC10644847 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer genome profiling (CGP) occasionally identifies pathogenic germline variants (PGV) in cancer susceptibility genes (CSG) as secondary findings. Here, we analyzed the prevalence and clinical characteristics of PGVs based on nationwide real-world data from CGP tests in Japan. We analyzed the genomic information and clinical characteristics of 23,928 patients with solid cancers who underwent either tumor-only (n = 20,189) or paired tumor-normal (n = 3,739) sequencing CGP tests between June 2019 and December 2021 using the comprehensive national database. We assigned clinical significance for all variants and highlighted the prevalence and characteristics of PGVs. Our primary analysis of the tumor-normal sequencing cohort revealed that 152 patients (4.1%) harbored PGVs in 15 CSGs. Among 783 germline variants, 113 were annotated as PGVs, 70 as benign variants, and 600 as variants of uncertain significance. The number of PGVs identified was highest in BRCA1/2, with 56, followed by TP53, with 18. PGVs were the most prevalent in ovarian and peritoneal cancers, including among cancer types common in Asia. In the tumor-only sequencing cohort, of the 5,184 pathogenic somatic variants across 26 CSGs, 784 (15.1%) were extracted according to the European Society for Medical Oncology recommendations for germline-focused tumor analysis. The prevalence of PGVs was similar to that previously reported in Europe and the United States. This is the largest analysis based on real-world tumor-normal sequencing tests in Asia. The more widespread use of the tumor-normal sequencing CGP test could be reasonable for evaluating PGVs. SIGNIFICANCE We analyzed real-world data from over 23,000 patients in Japan, revealing 4.1% harbored PGVs, particularly in BRCA1/2 and TP53, in CSGs. It highlights the prevalence of PGVs in Asian populations and supports the broader adoption of tumor-normal sequencing CGP tests for PGV evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Satake
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kondo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Outpatient Treatment Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanabe
- Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mizuno
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Katsuya
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Sato
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Koyama
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Dreno B, Khosrotehrani K, De Barros Silva G, Wolf JR, Kerob D, Trombetta M, Atenguena E, Dielenseger P, Pan M, Scotte F, Krakowski I, Lacouture M. The role of dermocosmetics in the management of cancer-related skin toxicities: international expert consensus. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:672. [PMID: 37925388 PMCID: PMC10625513 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin toxicities are very common in patients undergoing cancer treatment and have been found to occur with all types of cancer therapeutic interventions (cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy). Further, skin toxicities can lead to interruption or even discontinuation of anticancer treatment in some patients, translating to suboptimal outcomes. Dermocosmetics (or cosmeceuticals)-defined as skincare solutions incorporating dermatologically active ingredients (beyond vehicle effects) that directly improve symptoms of various skin conditions-are increasingly being used in cancer care to prevent and manage skin toxicities. The active ingredients in these products have a measurable biological action in skin; they typically improve skin integrity (barrier function/hydration and other factors) while relieving skin symptoms. The Association Francophone des Soins Oncologiques de Support (AFSOS) and Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) partnered to select a multidisciplinary group of healthcare professionals involved in the management of patients with cancer and skin toxicities. The group reviewed existing literature and created a summary of recommendations for managing these toxicities through online meetings and communication. In this publication, the group (1) reviews new skin toxicities seen with oncology drugs and (2) evaluates the role of dermocosmetics in improving patient outcomes and minimizing cancer treatment interruptions. We provide general recommendations for initiation and selection of skin care in all oncology patients as well as recommendations for what factors should be considered when using dermocosmetics in specific types of skin toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Dreno
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in Immunotherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001. F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- Experimental Dermatology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Julie Ryan Wolf
- Departments of Dermatology and Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark Trombetta
- Department of the Radiologic Sciences, Allegheny Health Network, Drexel University College of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Etienne Atenguena
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé Hospital General, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pascale Dielenseger
- Research and Education for Paramedic Professionals Nursing Coordinator, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- École Des Sciences du Cancer, Université Paris Sud (XI), Paris, France
- Association Française Des Infirmières de Cancerologie (AFIC), Paris, France
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Florian Scotte
- Interdisciplinary Patient Pathway Division, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC), Aurora, Canada
| | - Ivan Krakowski
- Medical Oncologist, Bordeaux, France
- Association Francophone Des Soins Oncologiques de Support (AFSOS), Bègles, France
| | - Mario Lacouture
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Morris J, Kunkel MW, White SL, Wishka DG, Lopez OD, Bowles L, Sellers Brady P, Ramsey P, Grams J, Rohrer T, Martin K, Dexheimer TS, Coussens NP, Evans D, Risbood P, Sonkin D, Williams JD, Polley EC, Collins JM, Doroshow JH, Teicher BA. Targeted Investigational Oncology Agents in the NCI-60: A Phenotypic Systems-based Resource. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1270-1279. [PMID: 37550087 PMCID: PMC10618733 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel has proved to be a useful tool for the global cancer research community in the search for novel chemotherapeutics. The publicly available cell line characterization and compound screening data from the NCI-60 assay have significantly contributed to the understanding of cellular mechanisms targeted by new oncology agents. Signature sensitivity/resistance patterns generated for a given chemotherapeutic agent against the NCI-60 panel have long served as fingerprint presentations that encompass target information and the mechanism of action associated with the tested agent. We report the establishment of a new public NCI-60 resource based on the cell line screening of a large and growing set of 175 FDA-approved oncology drugs (AOD) plus >825 clinical and investigational oncology agents (IOA), representing a diverse set (>250) of therapeutic targets and mechanisms. This data resource is available to the public (https://ioa.cancer.gov) and includes the raw data from the screening of the IOA and AOD collection along with an extensive set of visualization and analysis tools to allow for comparative study of individual test compounds and multiple compound sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Morris
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mark W. Kunkel
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Stephen L. White
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Donn G. Wishka
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Omar D. Lopez
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lori Bowles
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Penny Sellers Brady
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Patricia Ramsey
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Julie Grams
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Tiffany Rohrer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Karen Martin
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Thomas S. Dexheimer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nathan P. Coussens
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David Evans
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Prabhakar Risbood
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - John D. Williams
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eric C. Polley
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jerry M. Collins
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - James H. Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
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Tew BY, Kalfa AJ, Yang Z, Hurth KM, Simon T, Abnoosian E, Durant ST, Hamerlik P, Salhia B. ATM-Inhibitor AZD1390 Is a Radiosensitizer for Breast Cancer CNS Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4492-4503. [PMID: 37585496 PMCID: PMC10618650 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited effective treatments are currently available for central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (CM). This is largely driven by the inability of current therapeutics to penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB) and the lack of preclinical models for testing new therapies. Here we study the efficacy of AZD1390, a BBB penetrating ataxia-telangiectasia mutated inhibitor, as a radiosensitizer for breast cancer CM treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Three patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors including 2 HER2+ and 1 triple-negative breast cancer harboring DNA damage response (DDR) gene mutations, were implanted subcutaneously in the flank of mice to assess tumor growth inhibition by AZD1390 combined with radiation. Animal survival was further assessed by implanting the best responding PDX model orthotopically in the brain. RESULTS Pretreatment with AZD1390 followed by radiation therapy inhibited growth of PDX tumors implanted in the flank, and improved survival in orthotopic models with average survival of 222 days compared with 123 days in controls. Administration of AZD1390 posttreatment for 21 days had no further benefits. While the combination therapy resulted in sustained tumor inhibition, sporadic regrowth was observed in some mice 50 to 100 days posttreatment in all models. Gene expression comparing these tumors with complete responders demonstrated changes in upregulation of oncogenic proteins, which are potential drivers of tumor growth after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that AZD1390 effectively sensitizes breast cancer CM to radiation therapy in DDR mutant tumors. This study demonstrates the potential of using AZD1390 as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with breast cancer CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Yi Tew
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alex J. Kalfa
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zeyi Yang
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kyle M. Hurth
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thomas Simon
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eric Abnoosian
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Petra Hamerlik
- Early Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bodour Salhia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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21
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Cascone T, Kar G, Spicer JD, García-Campelo R, Weder W, Daniel DB, Spigel DR, Hussein M, Mazieres J, Oliveira J, Yau EH, Spira AI, Anagnostou V, Mager R, Hamid O, Cheng LY, Zheng Y, Blando J, Tan TH, Surace M, Rodriguez-Canales J, Gopalakrishnan V, Sellman BR, Grenga I, Soo-Hoo Y, Kumar R, McGrath L, Forde PM. Neoadjuvant Durvalumab Alone or Combined with Novel Immuno-Oncology Agents in Resectable Lung Cancer: The Phase II NeoCOAST Platform Trial. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:2394-2411. [PMID: 37707791 PMCID: PMC10618740 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy improves pathologic complete response rate and event-free survival in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) versus chemotherapy alone. NeoCOAST was the first randomized, multidrug platform trial to examine novel neoadjuvant immuno-oncology combinations for patients with resectable NSCLC, using major pathologic response (MPR) rate as the primary endpoint. Eighty-three patients received a single cycle of treatment: 26 received durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) monotherapy, 21 received durvalumab plus oleclumab (anti-CD73), 20 received durvalumab plus monalizumab (anti-NKG2A), and 16 received durvalumab plus danvatirsen (anti-STAT3 antisense oligonucleotide). MPR rates were higher for patients in the combination arms versus durvalumab alone. Safety profiles for the combinations were similar to those of durvalumab alone. Multiplatform immune profiling suggested that improved MPR rates in the durvalumab plus oleclumab and durvalumab plus monalizumab arms were associated with enhanced effector immune infiltration of tumors, interferon responses and markers of tertiary lymphoid structure formation, and systemic functional immune cell activation. SIGNIFICANCE A neoadjuvant platform trial can rapidly generate clinical and translational data using candidate surrogate endpoints like MPR. In NeoCOAST, patients with resectable NSCLC had improved MPR rates after durvalumab plus oleclumab or monalizumab versus durvalumab alone and tumoral transcriptomic signatures indicative of augmented immune cell activation and function. See related commentary by Cooper and Yu, p. 2306. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2293.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Cascone
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gozde Kar
- AstraZeneca, Translational Medicine, Research and Early Development, Oncology Research and Development, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D. Spicer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Walter Weder
- Thoracic Surgery, Clinic Bethanien, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davey B. Daniel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David R. Spigel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Maen Hussein
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Florida Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, Florida
| | - Julien Mazieres
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Julio Oliveira
- Medical Oncology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO-PORTO), Porto, Portugal
| | - Edwin H. Yau
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Alexander I. Spira
- Virginia Cancer Specialists, US Oncology Research, NEXT Oncology Virginia, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Valsamo Anagnostou
- Bloomberg–Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick M. Forde
- Bloomberg–Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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22
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Zurawski DV, Serio AW, Black C, Pybus B, Akers KS, Deck DH, Johnson S, Chattagul S, Noble SM, Raynor M, Lanteri CA. A Review of Omadacycline for Potential Utility in the Military Health System for the Treatment of Wound Infections. Mil Med 2023:usad417. [PMID: 37963013 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combat-related wound infections complicate the recovery of wounded military personnel, contributing to overall morbidity and mortality. Wound infections in combat settings present unique challenges because of the size and depth of the wounds, the need to administer emergency care in the field, and the need for subsequent treatment in military facilities. Given the increase in multidrug-resistant pathogens, a novel, broad-spectrum antibiotic is desired across this continuum of care when the standard of care fails. Omadacycline was FDA-approved in 2018 for treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), as well as community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with activity against gram-positive, gram-negative, and atypical bacterial pathogens, including multidrug-resistant species. Omadacycline can overcome commonly reported tetracycline resistance mechanisms, ribosomal protection proteins, and efflux pumps, and is available in once-daily intravenous or oral formulations. In this review, we discuss the potential role of omadacycline, which is included in the Department of Defense Formulary, in the context of combat wound infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature review was undertaken for manuscripts published before July 21, 2023. This included a series of publications found via PubMed and a bibliography made publicly available on the Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. website. Publications presenting primary data published in English on omadacycline in relation to ESKAPEE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter species) pathogens and Clostridioides difficile, including in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data were included. RESULTS Of 260 identified records, 66 were included for evidence review. Omadacycline has in vitro activity against almost all the ESKAPEE pathogens, apart from P. aeruginosa. Importantly, it has activity against the four most prevalent bacterial pathogens that cause wound infections in the military healthcare system: S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli. In vivo studies in rats have shown that omadacycline is rapidly distributed in most tissues, with the highest tissue-to-blood concentration ratios in bone mineral. The clinical efficacy of omadacycline has been assessed in three separate Phase 3 studies in patients with ABSSSI (OASIS-1 and OASIS-2) and with CABP (OPTIC). Overall, omadacycline has an established safety profile in the treatment of both ABSSSI and CABP. CONCLUSIONS Omadacycline has broad-spectrum activity, the option to be orally administered and an established safety profile, making it a potentially attractive replacement for moxifloxacin in the military individual first aid kit, especially when accounting for the increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones. Further studies and clinical evaluation are warranted to support broader use of omadacycline to treat combat wound infections in the military healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Zurawski
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Alisa W Serio
- Paratek Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Chad Black
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Brandon Pybus
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Kevin S Akers
- Combat Wound Care Research Team (CRT4), U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA
| | - Daniel H Deck
- Paratek Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Sheila Johnson
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Supaksorn Chattagul
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Schroeder M Noble
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Malik Raynor
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Charlotte A Lanteri
- Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
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23
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Smith AE, Chan S, Wang Z, McCloskey A, Reilly Q, Wang JZ, Patel HV, Koshizuka K, Soifer HS, Kessler L, Dayoub A, Villaflor V, Adkins DR, Bruce JY, Ho AL, Perez CA, Hanna GJ, Gascó Hernández A, Saunders A, Dale S, Gutkind JS, Burrows F, Malik S. Tipifarnib Potentiates the Antitumor Effects of PI3Kα Inhibition in PIK3CA- and HRAS-Dysregulated HNSCC via Convergent Inhibition of mTOR Activity. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3252-3263. [PMID: 37339176 PMCID: PMC10543974 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are poor, with median overall survival (OS) ranging from 6 to 18 months. For those who progress on standard-of-care (chemo)immunotherapy, treatment options are limited, necessitating the development of rational therapeutic strategies. Toward this end, we targeted the key HNSCC drivers PI3K-mTOR and HRAS via the combination of tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitor, and alpelisib, a PI3Kα inhibitor, in multiple molecularly defined subsets of HNSCC. Tipifarnib synergized with alpelisib at the level of mTOR in PI3Kα- or HRAS-dependent HNSCCs, leading to marked cytotoxicity in vitro and tumor regression in vivo. On the basis of these findings, the KURRENT-HN trial was launched to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in PIK3CA-mutant/amplified and/or HRAS-overexpressing R/M HNSCC. Preliminary evidence supports the clinical activity of this molecular biomarker-driven combination therapy. Combined alpelisib and tipifarnib has potential to benefit >45% of patients with R/M HNSCC. By blocking feedback reactivation of mTORC1, tipifarnib may prevent adaptive resistance to additional targeted therapies, enhancing their clinical utility. SIGNIFICANCE The mechanistically designed, biomarker-matched strategy of combining alpelisib and tipifarnib is efficacious in PIK3CA- and HRAS-dysregulated head and neck squamous carcinoma and could improve outcomes for many patients with recurrent, metastatic disease. See related commentary by Lee et al., p. 3162.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiyong Wang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Keiichi Koshizuka
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alan L. Ho
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Cesar A. Perez
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute at Florida Cancer Specialists, Orlando, Florida
| | | | | | | | | | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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24
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Dickinson MJ, Barba P, Jäger U, Shah NN, Blaise D, Briones J, Shune L, Boissel N, Bondanza A, Mariconti L, Marchal AL, Quinn DS, Yang J, Price A, Sohoni A, Treanor LM, Orlando EJ, Mataraza J, Davis J, Lu D, Zhu X, Engels B, Moutouh-de Parseval L, Brogdon JL, Moschetta M, Flinn IW. A Novel Autologous CAR-T Therapy, YTB323, with Preserved T-cell Stemness Shows Enhanced CAR T-cell Efficacy in Preclinical and Early Clinical Development. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1982-1997. [PMID: 37249512 PMCID: PMC10481129 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CAR T-cell product quality and stemness (Tstem) are major determinants of in vivo expansion, efficacy, and clinical response. Prolonged ex vivo culturing is known to deplete Tstem, affecting clinical outcome. YTB323, a novel autologous CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy expressing the same validated CAR as tisagenlecleucel, is manufactured using a next-generation platform in <2 days. Here, we report the preclinical development and preliminary clinical data of YTB323 in adults with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL; NCT03960840). In preclinical mouse models, YTB323 exhibited enhanced in vivo expansion and antitumor activity at lower doses than traditionally manufactured CAR T cells. Clinically, at doses 25-fold lower than tisagenlecleucel, YTB323 showed (i) promising overall safety [cytokine release syndrome (any grade, 35%; grade ≥3, 6%), neurotoxicity (any grade, 25%; grade ≥3, 6%)]; (ii) overall response rates of 75% and 80% for DL1 and DL2, respectively; (iii) comparable CAR T-cell expansion; and (iv) preservation of T-cell phenotype. Current data support the continued development of YTB323 for r/r DLBCL. SIGNIFICANCE Traditional CAR T-cell manufacturing requires extended ex vivo cell culture, reducing naive and stem cell memory T-cell populations and diminishing antitumor activity. YTB323, which expresses the same validated CAR as tisagenlecleucel, can be manufactured in <2 days while retaining T-cell stemness and enhancing clinical activity at a 25-fold lower dose. See related commentary by Wang, p. 1961. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Dickinson
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pere Barba
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrich Jäger
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital – Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Didier Blaise
- Département d'Hématologie, Programme de Transplantation et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Briones
- Hematology Department, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leyla Shune
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Hematology Adolescent and Young Adult Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Luisa Mariconti
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - David S. Quinn
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Yang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Price
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Akash Sohoni
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Louise M. Treanor
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Elena J. Orlando
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Mataraza
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jaclyn Davis
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey
| | - Darlene Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xu Zhu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Boris Engels
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Ian W. Flinn
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology Center for Blood Cancers, Nashville, Tennessee
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25
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Farooqi M, Kang CU, Choi KH. Organ-on-Chip: Advancing Nutraceutical Testing for Improved Health Outcomes. ACS Omega 2023; 8:31632-31647. [PMID: 37692213 PMCID: PMC10483668 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The recent global wave of organic food consumption and the vitality of nutraceuticals for human health benefits has driven the need for applying scientific methods for phytochemical testing. Advanced in vitro models with greater physiological relevance than conventional in vitro models are required to evaluate the potential benefits and toxicity of nutraceuticals. Organ-on-chip (OOC) models have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional in vitro models and animal testing due to their ability to mimic organ pathophysiology. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of OOC models in identifying pharmaceutically relevant compounds and accurately assessing compound-induced toxicity. This review examines the utility of traditional in vitro nutraceutical testing models and discusses the potential of OOC technology as a preclinical testing tool to examine the biomedical potential of nutraceuticals by reducing the need for animal testing. Exploring the capabilities of OOC models in carrying out plant-based bioactive compounds can significantly contribute to the authentication of nutraceuticals and drug discovery and validate phytochemicals medicinal characteristics. Overall, OOC models can facilitate a more systematic and efficient assessment of nutraceutical compounds while overcoming the limitations of current traditional in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Awais Farooqi
- Department of Mechatronics
Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju-do 690756, Republic
of Korea
| | - Chul-Ung Kang
- Department of Mechatronics
Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju-do 690756, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Department of Mechatronics
Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju-do 690756, Republic
of Korea
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26
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Gray JE, Ahn MJ, Oxnard GR, Shepherd FA, Imamura F, Cheng Y, Okamoto I, Cho BC, Lin MC, Wu YL, Majem M, Gautschi O, Boyer M, Bulusu KC, Markovets A, Barrett JC, Hodge R, McKeown A, Hartmaier RJ, Chmielecki J, Papadimitrakopoulou VA, Ramalingam SS. Early Clearance of Plasma Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations as a Predictor of Outcome on Osimertinib in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; Exploratory Analysis from AURA3 and FLAURA. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3340-3351. [PMID: 37379430 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis is used for genotyping advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); monitoring dynamic ctDNA changes may be used to predict outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective, exploratory analysis of two phase III trials [AURA3 (NCT02151981), FLAURA (NCT02296125)]. All patients had EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm; ex19del or L858R) advanced NSCLC; AURA3 also included T790M-positive NSCLC. Osimertinib (FLAURA, AURA3), or comparator EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI; gefitinib/erlotinib; FLAURA), or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (AURA3) was given. Plasma EGFRm was analyzed at baseline and Weeks 3/6 by droplet digital PCR. Outcomes were assessed by detectable/non-detectable baseline plasma EGFRm and plasma EGFRm clearance (non-detection) at Weeks 3/6. RESULTS In AURA3 (n = 291), non-detectable versus detectable baseline plasma EGFRm had longer median progression-free survival [mPFS; HR, 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.33-0.68; P < 0.0001]. In patients with Week 3 clearance versus non-clearance (n = 184), respectively, mPFS (months; 95% CI) was 10.9 (8.3-12.6) versus 5.7 (4.1-9.7) with osimertinib and 6.2 (4.0-9.7) versus 4.2 (4.0-5.1) with platinum-pemetrexed. In FLAURA (n = 499), mPFS was longer with non-detectable versus detectable baseline plasma EGFRm (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41-0.70; P < 0.0001). For Week 3 clearance versus non-clearance (n = 334), respectively, mPFS was 19.8 (15.1 to not calculable) versus 11.3 (9.5-16.5) with osimertinib and 10.8 (9.7-11.1) versus 7.0 (5.6-8.3) with comparator EGFR-TKI. Similar outcomes were observed by Week 6 clearance/non-clearance. CONCLUSIONS Plasma EGFRm analysis as early as 3 weeks on-treatment has the potential to predict outcomes in EGFRm advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanelle E Gray
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Fumio Imamura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Margarita Majem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oliver Gautschi
- University of Berne and Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Boyer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Krishna C Bulusu
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Carl Barrett
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel Hodge
- Late Oncology Statistics, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid McKeown
- Clinical Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan J Hartmaier
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juliann Chmielecki
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
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Adeel M, Afzaal M, Saeed F, Ahmed A, Mahmood K, Abbas Shah Y, Ateeq H, Sibat A, Khan MR, Busquets R. Encapsulation of probiotic bacteria using polyelectrolytes stabilized nanoliposomes for improved viability under hostile conditions. J Food Sci 2023; 88:3839-3848. [PMID: 37530623 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics viability and stability is a core challenge for the food processing industry. To prolong the viability of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus), gelatin (GE)-chitosan (CH) polyelectrolytes-coated nanoliposomes were developed and characterized. The average particle size of the nanoliposomes was in the range of 131.7-431.6 nm. The mean zeta potential value of the nanoliposomes differed significantly from -42.2 to -9.1 mV. Scanning electron micrographs indicated that the nanoliposomes were well distributed and had a spherical shape with a smooth surface. The Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that the GE-CH polyelectrolyte coating has been effectively applied on the surface of nanoliposomes and L. acidophilus cells were successfully encapsulated in the lipid-based nanocarriers. X-ray diffraction results indicated that nanoliposomes are semicrystalline and GE-CH polyelectrolyte coating had an influence on the crystalline nature of nanoliposomes. Moreover, the coating of L. acidophilus-loaded nanoliposomes with GE-CH polyelectrolytes significantly improved its viability when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal environments. The findings of the current study indicated that polyelectrolyte-coated nanoliposomes could be used as an effective carrier for the delivery of probiotics and their application to food matrix for manufacturing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adeel
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kaiser Mahmood
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Huda Ateeq
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amaima Sibat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosa Busquets
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, UK
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Pisignano G, Michael DC, Visal TH, Pirlog R, Ladomery M, Calin GA. Going circular: history, present, and future of circRNAs in cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:2783-2800. [PMID: 37587333 PMCID: PMC10504067 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, thousands of highly abundant and conserved single-stranded RNA molecules shaped into ring structures (circRNAs) have been identified. CircRNAs are multifunctional molecules that have been shown to regulate gene expression transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally and exhibit distinct tissue- and development-specific expression patterns associated with a variety of normal and disease conditions, including cancer pathogenesis. Over the past years, due to their intrinsic stability and resistance to ribonucleases, particular attention has been drawn to their use as reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, there are some critical caveats to their utility in the clinic. Their circular shape limits their annotation and a complete functional elucidation is lacking. This makes their detection and biomedical application still challenging. Herein, we review the current knowledge of circRNA biogenesis and function, and of their involvement in tumorigenesis and potential utility in cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Pisignano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - David C Michael
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Tanvi H Visal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Radu Pirlog
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Ladomery
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Srinivasan ES, Liu Y, Odion RA, Chongsathidkiet P, Wachsmuth LP, Haskell-Mendoza AP, Edwards RM, Canning AJ, Willoughby G, Hinton J, Norton SJ, Lascola CD, Maccarini PF, Mariani CL, Vo-Dinh T, Fecci PE. Gold Nanostars Obviate Limitations to Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) for the Treatment of Intracranial Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3214-3224. [PMID: 37327318 PMCID: PMC10425731 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an effective minimally invasive treatment option for intracranial tumors. Our group produced plasmonics-active gold nanostars (GNS) designed to preferentially accumulate within intracranial tumors and amplify the ablative capacity of LITT. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The impact of GNS on LITT coverage capacity was tested in ex vivo models using clinical LITT equipment and agarose gel-based phantoms of control and GNS-infused central "tumors." In vivo accumulation of GNS and amplification of ablation were tested in murine intracranial and extracranial tumor models followed by intravenous GNS injection, PET/CT, two-photon photoluminescence, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), histopathology, and laser ablation. RESULTS Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated the potential of GNS to accelerate and specify thermal distributions. In ex vivo cuboid tumor phantoms, the GNS-infused phantom heated 5.5× faster than the control. In a split-cylinder tumor phantom, the GNS-infused border heated 2× faster and the surrounding area was exposed to 30% lower temperatures, with margin conformation observed in a model of irregular GNS distribution. In vivo, GNS preferentially accumulated within intracranial tumors on PET/CT, two-photon photoluminescence, and ICP-MS at 24 and 72 hours and significantly expedited and increased the maximal temperature achieved in laser ablation compared with control. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence for use of GNS to improve the efficiency and potentially safety of LITT. The in vivo data support selective accumulation within intracranial tumors and amplification of laser ablation, and the GNS-infused phantom experiments demonstrate increased rates of heating, heat contouring to tumor borders, and decreased heating of surrounding regions representing normal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan S. Srinivasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ren A. Odion
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Pakawat Chongsathidkiet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lucas P. Wachsmuth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Ryan M. Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Aidan J. Canning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gavin Willoughby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joseph Hinton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen J. Norton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher D. Lascola
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paolo F. Maccarini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher L. Mariani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Fitzpatrick Institute of Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Peter E. Fecci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Porter A, Fei S, Damme KSF, Nusslock R, Gratton C, Mittal VA. A meta-analysis and systematic review of single vs. multimodal neuroimaging techniques in the classification of psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3278-3292. [PMID: 37563277 PMCID: PMC10618094 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic disorders are characterized by structural and functional abnormalities in brain networks. Neuroimaging techniques map and characterize such abnormalities using unique features (e.g., structural integrity, coactivation). However, it is unclear if a specific method, or a combination of modalities, is particularly effective in identifying differences in brain networks of someone with a psychotic disorder. METHODS A systematic meta-analysis evaluated machine learning classification of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in comparison to healthy control participants using various neuroimaging modalities (i.e., T1-weighted imaging (T1), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC), or some combination (multimodal)). Criteria for manuscript inclusion included whole-brain analyses and cross-validation to provide a complete picture regarding the predictive ability of large-scale brain systems in psychosis. For this meta-analysis, we searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, PsychInfo, Google Scholar, and Web of Science published between inception and March 13th 2023. Prediction results were averaged for studies using the same dataset, but parallel analyses were run that included studies with pooled sample across many datasets. We assessed bias through funnel plot asymmetry. A bivariate regression model determined whether differences in imaging modality, demographics, and preprocessing methods moderated classification. Separate models were run for studies with internal prediction (via cross-validation) and external prediction. RESULTS 93 studies were identified for quantitative review (30 T1, 9 DTI, 40 rs-FC, and 14 multimodal). As a whole, all modalities reliably differentiated those with schizophrenia spectrum disorders from controls (OR = 2.64 (95%CI = 2.33 to 2.95)). However, classification was relatively similar across modalities: no differences were seen across modalities in the classification of independent internal data, and a small advantage was seen for rs-FC studies relative to T1 studies in classification in external datasets. We found large amounts of heterogeneity across results resulting in significant signs of bias in funnel plots and Egger's tests. Results remained similar, however, when studies were restricted to those with less heterogeneity, with continued small advantages for rs-FC relative to structural measures. Notably, in all cases, no significant differences were seen between multimodal and unimodal approaches, with rs-FC and unimodal studies reporting largely overlapping classification performance. Differences in demographics and analysis or denoising were not associated with changes in classification scores. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that neuroimaging approaches have promise in the classification of psychosis. Interestingly, at present most modalities perform similarly in the classification of psychosis, with slight advantages for rs-FC relative to structural modalities in some specific cases. Notably, results differed substantially across studies, with suggestions of biased effect sizes, particularly highlighting the need for more studies using external prediction and large sample sizes. Adopting more rigorous and systematized standards will add significant value toward understanding and treating this critical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Porter
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Sihan Fei
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Katherine S F Damme
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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31
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Westcott S, Simms K, van Kampen K, Jafine H, Chan TM. Off-Script, Online: Virtual Medical Improv Pilot Program for Enhancing Well-being and Clinical Skills among Psychiatry Residents. Acad Psychiatry 2023; 47:374-379. [PMID: 37101105 PMCID: PMC10132442 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-023-01778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical interactions demand a balance of structure and flexibility in response to unpredictable situations. Medical improv is a form of experiential learning that applies techniques from improvisational theater to the healthcare setting, deliberately targeting clinical skills of communication, teamwork, and cognitive abilities. Psychiatry Education through Play and Talk (PEP Talks) is a novel medical improv program designed specifically for psychiatry residents with the goal of improving communication, teamwork, and conflict resolution skills, as well as enhancing residents' well-being and capacity for self-reflection. METHODS PEP Talks was delivered virtually by an experienced medical improv facilitator in spring 2021 to a self-selected group of psychiatry residents at a Canadian university. Aligned with the context-input-process-product (CIPP) evaluation model, outcomes were assessed through mixed methods surveys, recorded debriefings, and a focus group. RESULTS PEP Talks enhanced residents' self-reported well-being, reflective capacity, and communication skills. Participants made qualitative connections between PEP Talks and their well-being, inter- and intra-personal skills, and clinical experiences in psychiatry. Processes in PEP Talks that led to these outcomes included the following: joy, building community, personal reflection and discovery, going off-script, immersion, and virtual engagement. CONCLUSIONS Virtual medical improv offers an innovative solution to the pedagogical challenges of training psychiatrists to be proficient communicators, collaborators, and professionals capable of reflective practice. Additionally, this innovation demonstrates that medical improv can be delivered in a virtual format and may offer a unique solution to support resident well-being and foster connection amid remote learning during a global pandemic.
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32
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Albers J, Friese-Hamim M, Clark A, Schadt O, Walter-Bausch G, Stroh C, Johne A, Karachaliou N, Blaukat A. The Preclinical Pharmacology of Tepotinib-A Highly Selective MET Inhibitor with Activity in Tumors Harboring MET Alterations. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:833-843. [PMID: 36999986 PMCID: PMC10320478 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) proto-oncogene encodes the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. MET aberrations drive tumorigenesis in several cancer types through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including MET mutations, gene amplification, rearrangement, and overexpression. Therefore, MET is a therapeutic target and the selective type Ib MET inhibitor, tepotinib, was designed to potently inhibit MET kinase activity. In vitro, tepotinib inhibits MET in a concentration-dependent manner irrespective of the mode of MET activation, and in vivo, tepotinib exhibits marked, dose-dependent antitumor activity in MET-dependent tumor models of various cancer indications. Tepotinib penetrates the blood-brain barrier and demonstrates strong antitumor activity in subcutaneous and orthotopic brain metastasis models, in-line with clinical activity observed in patients. MET amplification is an established mechanism of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), and preclinical studies show that tepotinib in combination with EGFR TKIs can overcome this resistance. Tepotinib is currently approved for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. This review focuses on the pharmacology of tepotinib in preclinical cancer models harboring MET alterations and demonstrates that strong adherence to the principles of the Pharmacological Audit Trail may result in a successful discovery and development of a precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Albers
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Manja Friese-Hamim
- Corporate Animal Using Vendor and Vivarium Governance (SQ-AV), Corporate Sustainability, Quality, Trade Compliance (SQ), Animal Affairs (SQ-A), the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anderson Clark
- Research Unit Oncology, EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts
| | - Oliver Schadt
- Global Medicinal Chemistry, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gina Walter-Bausch
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christopher Stroh
- Clinical Biomarkers and Companion Diagnostics, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Johne
- Global Clinical Development Unit, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Niki Karachaliou
- Global Clinical Development Unit, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andree Blaukat
- Research Unit Oncology, the healthcare business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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Mitra Ghosh T, Mazumder S, Davis J, Yadav J, Akinpelu A, Alnaim A, Kumar H, Waliagha R, Church Bird AE, Rais-Bahrami S, Bird RC, Mistriotis P, Mishra A, Yates CC, Mitra AK, Arnold RD. Metronomic Administration of Topotecan Alone and in Combination with Docetaxel Inhibits Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:1286-1311. [PMID: 37476073 PMCID: PMC10355222 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of noncutaneous cancer-related deaths in American men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), radical prostatectomy, and radiotherapy remain the primary treatment for patients with early-stage prostate cancer (castration-sensitive prostate cancer). Following ADT, many patients ultimately develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Standard chemotherapy options for CRPC are docetaxel (DTX) and cabazitaxel, which increase median survival, although the development of resistance is common. Cancer stem-like cells possess mesenchymal phenotypes [epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)] and play crucial roles in tumor initiation and progression of mCRPC. We have shown that low-dose continuous administration of topotecan (METRO-TOPO) inhibits prostate cancer growth by interfering with key cancer pathway genes. This study utilized bulk and single-cell or whole-transcriptome analysis [(RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)], and we observed greater expression of several EMT markers, including Vimentin, hyaluronan synthase-3, S100 calcium binding protein A6, TGFB1, CD44, CD55, and CD109 in European American and African American aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) subtypes-mCRPC, neuroendocrine variant (NEPC), and taxane-resistant. The taxane-resistant gene FSCN1 was also expressed highly in single-cell subclonal populations in mCRPC. Furthermore, metronomic-topotecan single agent and combinations with DTX downregulated these EMT markers as well as CD44+ and CD44+/CD133+ "stem-like" cell populations. A microfluidic chip-based cell invasion assay revealed that METRO-TOPO treatment as a single agent or in combination with DTX was potentially effective against invasive prostate cancer spread. Our RNA-seq and scRNA-seq analysis were supported by in silico and in vitro studies, suggesting METRO-TOPO combined with DTX may inhibit oncogenic progression by reducing cancer stemness in AVPC through the inhibition of EMT markers and multiple oncogenic factors/pathways. Significance The utilization of metronomic-like dosing regimens of topotecan alone and in combination with DTX resulted in the suppression of makers associated with EMT and stem-like cell populations in AVPC models. The identification of molecular signatures and their potential to serve as novel biomarkers for monitoring treatment efficacy and disease progression response to treatment efficacy and disease progression were achieved using bulk RNA-seq and single-cell-omics methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraswi Mitra Ghosh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Mass General Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Suman Mazumder
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics (AUPharmGx), Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Joshua Davis
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Jyoti Yadav
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Ayuba Akinpelu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Ahmed Alnaim
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Biology and Canter for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Razan Waliagha
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Allison E. Church Bird
- Flow Cytometry and High-Speed Cell Sorting Laboratory, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Soroush Rais-Bahrami
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - R. Curtis Bird
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Panagiotis Mistriotis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Amarjit Mishra
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Clayton C. Yates
- Department of Biology and Canter for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amit K. Mitra
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics (AUPharmGx), Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Robert D. Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
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Bulen BJ, Khazanov NA, Hovelson DH, Lamb LE, Matrana M, Burkard ME, Yang ESH, Edenfield WJ, Claire Dees E, Onitilo AA, Buchschacher GL, Miller AM, Parsons BM, Wassenaar TR, Suga JM, Siegel RD, Irvin W, Nair S, Slim JN, Misleh J, Khatri J, Masters GA, Thomas S, Safa MM, Anderson DM, Mowers J, Dusenbery AC, Drewery S, Plouffe K, Reeder T, Vakil H, Patrias L, Falzetta A, Hamilton R, Kwiatkowski K, Johnson DB, Rhodes DR, Tomlins SA. Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:1335-1349. [PMID: 37497337 PMCID: PMC10367935 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy response score (IRS) integrates tumor mutation burden (TMB) and quantitative expression biomarkers to predict anti-PD-1/PD-L1 [PD-(L)1] monotherapy benefit. Here, we evaluated IRS in additional cohorts. Patients from an observational trial (NCT03061305) treated with anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy were included and assigned to IRS-High (-H) versus -Low (-L) groups. Associations with real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined by Cox proportional hazards (CPH) modeling. Those with available PD-L1 IHC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 with or without chemotherapy were separately assessed. Patients treated with PD-(L)1 and/or chemotherapy (five relevant tumor types) were assigned to three IRS groups [IRS-L divided into IRS-Ultra-Low (-UL) and Intermediate-Low (-IL), and similarly assessed]. In the 352 patient anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy validation cohort (31 tumor types), IRS-H versus IRS-L patients had significantly longer rwPFS and OS. IRS significantly improved CPH associations with rwPFS and OS beyond microsatellite instability (MSI)/TMB alone. In a 189 patient (10 tumor types) PD-L1 IHC comparison cohort, IRS, but not PD-L1 IHC nor TMB, was significantly associated with anti-PD-L1 rwPFS. In a 1,103-patient cohort (from five relevant tumor types), rwPFS did not significantly differ in IRS-UL patients treated with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy plus anti-PD-(L)1, nor in IRS-H patients treated with anti-PD-(L)1 versus anti-PD-(L)1 + chemotherapy. IRS associations were consistent across subgroups, including both Europeans and non-Europeans. These results confirm the utility of IRS utility for predicting pan-solid tumor PD-(L)1 monotherapy benefit beyond available biomarkers and demonstrate utility for informing on anti-PD-(L)1 and/or chemotherapy treatment. Significance This study confirms the utility of the integrative IRS biomarker for predicting anti-PD-L1/PD-1 benefit. IRS significantly improved upon currently available biomarkers, including PD-L1 IHC, TMB, and MSI status. Additional utility for informing on chemotherapy, anti-PD-L1/PD-1, and anti-PD-L1/PD-1 plus chemotherapy treatments decisions is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marc Matrana
- Ochsner Cancer Institute, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mark E. Burkard
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Eddy Shih-Hsin Yang
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | - Adedayo A. Onitilo
- Cancer Care and Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suresh Nair
- Lehigh Valley Topper Cancer Institute, Allentown, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Jamil Khatri
- ChristianaCare Oncology Hematology, Newark, Delaware
| | - Gregory A. Masters
- Medical Oncology Hematology Consultants, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, Delaware
| | - Sachdev Thomas
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | | | - Daniel M. Anderson
- Metro-Minnesota Community Oncology Research Consortium, St. Louis Park, Minnesota
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McPartlon M, Xu J. An end-to-end deep learning method for protein side-chain packing and inverse folding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216438120. [PMID: 37253017 PMCID: PMC10266014 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216438120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein side-chain packing (PSCP), the task of determining amino acid side-chain conformations given only backbone atom positions, has important applications to protein structure prediction, refinement, and design. Many methods have been proposed to tackle this problem, but their speed or accuracy is still unsatisfactory. To address this, we present AttnPacker, a deep learning (DL) method for directly predicting protein side-chain coordinates. Unlike existing methods, AttnPacker directly incorporates backbone 3D geometry to simultaneously compute all side-chain coordinates without delegating to a discrete rotamer library or performing expensive conformational search and sampling steps. This enables a significant increase in computational efficiency, decreasing inference time by over 100× compared to the DL-based method DLPacker and physics-based RosettaPacker. Tested on the CASP13 and CASP14 native and nonnative protein backbones, AttnPacker computes physically realistic side-chain conformations, reducing steric clashes and improving both rmsd and dihedral accuracy compared to state-of-the-art methods SCWRL4, FASPR, RosettaPacker, and DLPacker. Different from traditional PSCP approaches, AttnPacker can also codesign sequences and side chains, producing designs with subnative Rosetta energy and high in silico consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McPartlon
- Department of Computer Science, Physical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
| | - Jinbo Xu
- Toyota Technical Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
- MoleculeMind Inc., Beijing100086, China
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Singh P, Martin CE, Jamro-Comer E, Andrews MV, Almgren-Bell A, Riley J, Jimenez PT. Effect of accessibility of a genetic counselor on uptake of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) and carrier screening for patients undergoing in vitro fertilization. J Genet Couns 2023. [PMID: 37042036 DOI: 10.1002/jgc4.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study assessed the accessibility of a genetic counselor on uptake of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) and carrier screening in a single academic Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) clinic. A total of 420 patients were evaluated with 219 patients counseled by a REI physician only and 201 patients after the addition of a genetic counselor (GC) to the REI clinic team. Cycles initiated before hiring of a GC (pre-GC) were assessed from June 2018 to December 2018 and after integration of a GC (post-GC) from March 2019 to August 2019. Additionally, information regarding carrier screening was collected if available in the medical record. Results showed more patients utilized PGT-A post-GC (9.5% vs. 5.5%), although the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.12). Individuals who were screened post-GC or who started screening pre-GC and continued screening post-GC were screened for a larger number of conditions than if they were only screened pre-GC (median pre-GC = 3, post-GC = 27, pre- and post-GC = 274; p < 0.0001). The change in practice from using physician-only counseling to counseling with accessibility to a GC did not change the utilization of PGT-A in a single clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapti Singh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Caitlin E Martin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility and Reproductive Medicine Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Erica Jamro-Comer
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Marisa V Andrews
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility and Reproductive Medicine Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Joan Riley
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patricia T Jimenez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility and Reproductive Medicine Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Shepherd CE, Bolliger DU. Institutional, program, and professional community: a framework for online higher education. Educ Technol Res Dev 2023; 71:1-20. [PMID: 37359486 PMCID: PMC10072020 DOI: 10.1007/s11423-023-10214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews theories regarding online learning communities in higher education and their relevance to online degree programs. While these theories are used extensively to promote and maintain community within online courses, little attention has been placed on broader factors that can influence perceptions of online community. Based on our research as well as an extensive review of the literature, this paper articulates limitations in current research and posits a framework to look at institutional, program, and professional layers. The framework also considers community salience from these layers at various points in a learner's program. Based on the layers presented, the framework proposes that true communities are shaped by myriad partners and that these partnerships should not be ignored in community research. Furthermore, it admonishes educators to provide guidance to learners regarding the purposes of community formation both during and beyond program completion. Lastly, the paper articulates needs for further research as online degree programs consider community development and maintenance through more holistic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doris U. Bolliger
- Walden University, 100 Washington Avenue South, Suite 900, Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA
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Deb PQ. Primary Lymphoma of Breast: A Population-Base Outcome Analysis. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:237-244. [PMID: 37006971 PMCID: PMC10064372 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of neoplasms of the breast are derived from epithelial components and give rise to carcinoma, namely invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast. Unlike carcinomas, primary hematolymphoid malignancies of the breast are a rare group of malignant neoplasms. Due to their rarity, these patients' epidemiological features and outcomes have not been studied well. A few limited case series and case reports suggest that this group of heterogeneous neoplasms has female predominance and poor prognosis. However, no systematic study exists to date. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases have been quarried and analyzed to investigate the epidemiological and outcome features of primary hematolymphoid malignancies of the breast. This study is one of the first efforts to establish a systematic understanding of the demographic characteristics and the survival features of this rare group of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Q. Deb
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave, 07103 Newark, NJ USA
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39
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Christodoulou P, Salamouri MA, Papavasileiou I, Kyriakou TC, Stephanou A, Agathaggelou P, Patrikios I. 10th International Multithematic Scientific Bio-Medical Congress (IMBMC), Nicosia, Cyprus, 2022. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:223. [PMID: 36990993 PMCID: PMC10049900 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Song X, Kelley RK, Khan AA, Standifer N, Zhou D, Lim K, Krishna R, Liu L, Wang K, McCoon P, Negro A, He P, Gibbs M, Kurland JF, Abou-Alfa GK. Exposure-Response Analyses of Tremelimumab Monotherapy or in Combination with Durvalumab in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:754-763. [PMID: 36477555 PMCID: PMC9932581 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel single-dose regimen of 300 mg tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab [Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab (STRIDE)] has demonstrated a favorable benefit-risk profile in the phase I/II Study 22 (NCT02519348) and phase III HIMALAYA study (NCT03298451). This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, exposure-response, and exposure-pharmacodynamics relationships of tremelimumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A previous tremelimumab population pharmacokinetic model was validated using data from parts 2 and 3 of Study 22. Exposure-response analyses explored relationships of tremelimumab exposure with efficacy and safety. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics relationships were evaluated using linear and nonlinear regression models. RESULTS The observed pharmacokinetics of tremelimumab in uHCC were consistent with predictions; no significant covariates were identified. Tremelimumab exposure was not significantly associated with adverse events, objective response rate, or progression-free survival. Overall survival (OS) was longer for patients with tremelimumab exposure, minimum serum drug concentration (Cmin1) ≥ median versus Cmin1 < median (18.99 months vs. 10.97 months), but this exposure-survival analysis might be confounded with baseline characteristics of albumin level and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, which had a significant impact on OS (P = 0.0004 and 0.0001, respectively). The predicted Cmin1 of tremelimumab in STRIDE regimen (12.9 μg/mL) was greater than the estimated concentration of tremelimumab eliciting half-maximal increases (EC50 = 5.24 μg/mL) in CD8+Ki67+ T-cell counts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support novel insights into tremelimumab pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationships in HCC and support the clinical utility of the STRIDE regimen in patients with uHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Song
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
- Corresponding Author: Xuyang Song, Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca (United States), Gaithersburg, MD 20878. E-mail:
| | - Robin Kate Kelley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Anis A. Khan
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | | | - Diansong Zhou
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - KyoungSoo Lim
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Rajesh Krishna
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Lu Liu
- Pharmacometrics, Shanghai Qiangshi Information Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Pharmacometrics, Shanghai Qiangshi Information Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Patricia McCoon
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | - Philip He
- Oncology Biometrics, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Megan Gibbs
- Clinical Pharmacology & Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - John F. Kurland
- Immuno-oncology Franchise, Gastrointestinal and Head & Neck Cancers, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, New York
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Li X, Zhou S, Abrahams CL, Krimm S, Smith J, Bajjuri K, Stephenson HT, Henningsen R, Hanson J, Heibeck TH, Calarese D, Tran C, Yin G, Stafford RL, Yam AY, Kline T, De Almeida VI, Sato AK, Lupher M, Bedard K, Hallam TJ. Discovery of STRO-002, a Novel Homogeneous ADC Targeting Folate Receptor Alpha, for the Treatment of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:155-167. [PMID: 36459691 PMCID: PMC9890132 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
STRO-002 is a novel homogeneous folate receptor alpha (FolRα) targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) currently being investigated in the clinic as a treatment for ovarian and endometrial cancers. Here, we describe the discovery, optimization, and antitumor properties of STRO-002. STRO-002 was generated by conjugation of a novel cleavable 3-aminophenyl hemiasterlin linker-warhead (SC239) to the nonnatural amino acid para-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine incorporated at specific positions within a high affinity anti-FolRα antibody using Sutro's XpressCF+, which resulted in a homogeneous ADC with a drug-antibody ratio (DAR) of 4. STRO-002 binds to FolRα with high affinity, internalizes rapidly into target positive cells, and releases the tubulin-targeting cytotoxin 3-aminophenyl hemiasterlin (SC209). SC209 has reduced potential for drug efflux via P-glycoprotein 1 drug pump compared with other tubulin-targeting payloads. While STRO-002 lacks nonspecific cytotoxicity toward FolRα-negative cell lines, bystander killing of target negative cells was observed when cocultured with target positive cells. STRO-002 is stable in circulation with no change in DAR for up to 21 days and has a half-life of 6.4 days in mice. A single dose of STRO-002 induced significant tumor growth inhibition in FolRα-expressing xenograft models and patient-derived xenograft models. In addition, combination treatment with carboplatin or Avastin further increased STRO-002 efficacy in xenograft models. The potent and specific preclinical efficacy of STRO-002 supports clinical development of STRO-002 for treating patients with FolRα-expressing cancers, including ovarian, endometrial, and non-small cell lung cancer. Phase I dose escalation for STRO-002 is in progress in ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer patients (NCT03748186 and NCT05200364).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Li
- Sutro Biopharma, South San Francisco, California
- Corresponding Author: Xiaofan Li, Sutro Biopharma, 111 Oyster Point Blvd, South San Francisco, CA 94080. Phone: 650-801-6434; E-mail:
| | - Sihong Zhou
- Sutro Biopharma, South San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cuong Tran
- Sutro Biopharma, South San Francisco, California
| | - Gang Yin
- Sutro Biopharma, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Alice Y. Yam
- Sutro Biopharma, South San Francisco, California
| | - Toni Kline
- Engine Biosciences, San Carlos, California
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Asratie MG, Wale BD, Aylet YT. Effects of using educational technology tools to enhance EFL students' speaking performance. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr) 2023; 28:1-21. [PMID: 36714446 PMCID: PMC9867990 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Educational speaking technology is a digital expertise used to enhance speaking performance. This research examined the effects of using educational speaking technology tools: FORVO, YouGlish, and OALD 8th ed. to enhance students' speaking performance. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest two groups design was used. Test, questionnaire, interview, and teacher-log were used to gather the data from 82 first-year Information communication and Technology (IT) students selected through comprehensive sampling. The experimental group students had learned speaking skills through educational speaking technology tools while the control group students learned using the conventional method. When the quantitative data were analyzed through independent samples T-test, the qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings of the study uncovered that there was a statistical difference between the experimental and control group students in their speaking performance. Accordingly, the learners who had learned through educational speaking technology have enhanced their speaking performance compared to the students that learned conventionally. Predominantly, students who learned through educational speaking technology were fluent, coherent, and accurate in their speech, rich in lexical resources, used a variety of grammatical ranges, and better in pronunciation. Besides, the students' have positive perceptions towards using educational speaking technology tools. Consequently, this study recommends researchers, teachers, and students to make the use of educational technology and to go in line with the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bantalem Derseh Wale
- Department of English Language and Literature, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Yibeltal Tadele Aylet
- Department of English Language and Literature, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
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Matsubara N, de Bono J, Olmos D, Procopio G, Kawakami S, Ürün Y, van Alphen R, Flechon A, Carducci MA, Choi YD, Hotte SJ, Korbenfeld E, Kramer G, Agarwal N, Chi KN, Dearden S, Gresty C, Kang J, Poehlein C, Harrington EA, Hussain M. Olaparib Efficacy in Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and BRCA1, BRCA2, or ATM Alterations Identified by Testing Circulating Tumor DNA. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:92-99. [PMID: 36318705 PMCID: PMC9811154 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The phase III PROfound study (NCT02987543) evaluated olaparib versus abiraterone or enzalutamide (control) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with tumor homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene alterations. We present exploratory analyses on the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing as an additional method to identify patients with mCRPC with HRR gene alterations who may be eligible for olaparib treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Plasma samples collected during screening in PROfound were retrospectively sequenced using the FoundationOne®Liquid CDx test for BRCA1, BRCA2 (BRCA), and ATM alterations in ctDNA. Only patients from Cohort A (BRCA/ATM alteration positive by tissue testing) were evaluated. We compared clinical outcomes, including radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) between the ctDNA subgroup and Cohort A. RESULTS Of the 181 (73.9%) Cohort A patients who gave consent for plasma sample ctDNA testing, 139 (76.8%) yielded a result and BRCA/ATM alterations were identified in 111 (79.9%). Of these, 73 patients received olaparib and 38 received control. Patients' baseline demographics and characteristics, and the prevalence of HRR alterations were comparable with the Cohort A intention-to-treat (ITT) population. rPFS was longer in the olaparib group versus control [median 7.4 vs. 3.5 months; hazard ratio (HR), 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.21-0.53; nominal P < 0.0001], which is consistent with Cohort A ITT population (HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.25-0.47). CONCLUSIONS When tumor tissue testing is not feasible or has failed, ctDNA testing may be a suitable alternative to identify patients with mCRPC carrying BRCA/ATM alterations who may benefit from olaparib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Matsubara
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
- Corresponding Author: Nobuaki Matsubara, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, 104-0045 Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. Phone: 814-7133-1111; Fax: 814-7134-6922; E-mail:
| | - Johann de Bono
- The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Olmos
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Dept, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Satoru Kawakami
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yüksel Ürün
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Robbert van Alphen
- Department of Oncology, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Aude Flechon
- Cancérologie Médicale, Centre Léon-Bérard, Lyon Cedex, France
| | | | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah (NCI-CCC), Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kim N. Chi
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maha Hussain
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Vranish JR, Elmer SJ, Harfmann BD, Sharma N, Zimmer MB, Bell HJ, Gordish K, Bhaskaran S. 9th Annual Michigan Physiological Society Meeting: June 17-18, 2022. Adv Physiol Educ 2022; 46:703-705. [PMID: 36227109 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00194.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Vranish
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Health Science, Alma College, Alma, Michigan
| | - Steven J Elmer
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
- Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
| | - Brianna D Harfmann
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Health Science, Alma College, Alma, Michigan
| | - Naveen Sharma
- School of Health Sciences, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - M Beth Zimmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, Michigan
| | - Harold J Bell
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan
| | - Kevin Gordish
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Subha Bhaskaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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Cao A, Yi J, Tang X, Szeto CW, Wu R, Wan B, Fang X, Li S, Wang L, Wang L, Li J, Ye Q, Huang T, Hsu K, Kabbarah O, Zhou H. CD47-blocking Antibody ZL-1201 Promotes Tumor-associated Macrophage Phagocytic Activity and Enhances the Efficacy of the Therapeutic Antibodies and Chemotherapy. Cancer Res Commun 2022; 2:1404-1417. [PMID: 36970051 PMCID: PMC10035405 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. They consist of various subsets but primarily resemble the M2 macrophage phenotype. TAMs are known to promote tumor progression and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. CD47 on tumor cells and SIRPα on TAMs facilitate a "don't-eat-me" signal which prevents cancer cells from immune clearance. Therefore, blockade of the CD47-SIRPα interaction represents a promising strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we present the results on ZL-1201, a differentiated and potent anti-CD47 antibody with improved hematologic safety profile compared with 5F9 benchmark. ZL-1201 enhanced phagocytosis in combination with standards of care (SoC) therapeutic antibodies in in vitro coculture systems using a panel of tumor models and differentiated macrophages, and these combinational effects are Fc dependent while potently enhancing M2 phagocytosis. In vivo xenograft studies showed that enhanced antitumor activities were seen in a variety of tumor models treated with ZL-1201 in combination with other therapeutic mAbs, and maximal antitumor activities were achieved in the presence of chemotherapy in addition to the combination of ZL-1201 with other mAbs. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and cytokine analysis showed that ZL-1201 and chemotherapies remodel the tumor microenvironment, which increases antitumor immunity, leading to augmented antitumor efficacy when combined with mAbs. SIGNIFICANCE ZL-1201 is a novel anti-CD47 antibody that has improved hematologic safety profiles and combines with SoC, including mAbs and chemotherapies, to potently facilitate phagocytosis and antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiaqing Yi
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | | | | | - Renyi Wu
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Bing Wan
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Xu Fang
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Shou Li
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Lei Wang
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Lina Wang
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Jing Li
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Qiuping Ye
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Tom Huang
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
| | - Karl Hsu
- Zai Lab (US) LLC, Menlo Park, California
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Kallitsounaki A, Williams DM. Implicit and Explicit Gender-Related Cognition, Gender Dysphoria, Autistic-Like Traits, and Mentalizing: Differences Between Autistic and Non-Autistic Cisgender and Transgender Adults. Arch Sex Behav 2022; 51:3583-3600. [PMID: 35972636 PMCID: PMC9556420 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gender diversity, yet this intersection remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigated whether (1) ASD affects gender-related cognition (i.e., mental processes of perceiving and interpreting one's own gender self-concept), (2) autistic people have increased gender dysphoria and recall limited gender-typed behavior from childhood, and (3) transgender individuals have increased ASD-like traits and difficulties in mentalizing. A total of 106 non-autistic cisgender (51 birth-assigned female), 107 autistic cisgender (57 birth-assigned female), 78 non-autistic transgender (41 birth-assigned female), and 56 autistic transgender adults (27 birth-assigned female) participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 31.01 years (range = 18 to 70). Using an explicit as well as an implicit measure, for the first time, we found that ASD affected gender-related cognition only in autistic cisgender people. Sex differences were also observed in this group. Whereas autistic cisgender birth-assigned males showed a stronger implicit gender-group identification than non-autistic cisgender birth-assigned males, autistic cisgender birth-assigned females showed a weaker gender-group identification than non-autistic cisgender birth-assigned females. Furthermore, autistic cisgender people reported significantly more gender dysphoric feelings and recalled significantly less gender-typed behavior from childhood than non-autistic cisgender individuals. No difference was observed between non-autistic and autistic transgender people. We also found that relative to non-autistic cisgender individuals, both non-autistic transgender and autistic transgender people reported significantly more ASD-like traits. However, mentalizing difficulties were observed only in the latter group. This research enhances our understanding of the link between ASD and gender diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilia Kallitsounaki
- Division of Human & Social Sciences, School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NP, UK.
| | - David M Williams
- Division of Human & Social Sciences, School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NP, UK
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Arora M, Kumar A, Sakhare SD, Inamdar AA. Application and effect of hybrid grinding techniques on the quality of stone chakki atta (whole wheat flour) and flat bread. J Food Sci Technol 2022; 59:3522-3529. [PMID: 35875211 PMCID: PMC9304458 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Industrially packaged whole wheat flour (atta) is manufactured in motorized stone chakkis, which consumes more electric power. Present study is aimed towards evaluating the effect of hybrid grinding technique of wheat using roller mill on its grinding characteristics and quality of chakki atta and chapatti. Wheat was passed through the pair of first break rolls in MLU 202 with the roll gaps of 1 and 0.9 mm for two different samples. Electrical parameters for grinding energy were compared and the pre-milled wheat was ground in the stone chakki. Atta obtained from 2 different variations and control stone chakki atta were compared for physico-chemical, rheological and chapati making quality. Damaged starch increased from 15.25 for control atta to 17.3% for 0.9 mm sample, whereas, farinograph water absorption increased from 75.9 to 78.9% respectively. Chapatis were prepared and sensory studies were carried out. Chapati colour was found to be brighter for 0.9 mm sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Arora
- Flour Milling, Baking and Confectionery Technology Department, CSIR, Central Food Technological Research Institiue, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - Ashwin Kumar
- Flour Milling, Baking and Confectionery Technology Department, CSIR, Central Food Technological Research Institiue, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - Suresh D. Sakhare
- Flour Milling, Baking and Confectionery Technology Department, CSIR, Central Food Technological Research Institiue, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - Aashitosh A. Inamdar
- Flour Milling, Baking and Confectionery Technology Department, CSIR, Central Food Technological Research Institiue, Mysore, 570020 India
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Tenenbaum T, Doenhardt M, Diffloth N, Berner R, Armann JP. High burden of RSV hospitalizations in Germany 2021-2022. Infection 2022; 50:1587-1590. [PMID: 35904753 PMCID: PMC9334552 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Public health measures implemented to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the worldwide transmission of endemic respiratory viruses such as RSV, as well as other typical, seasonal, and viral respiratory pathogens. Methods From October 18, 2021 to March 31, 2022, RSV cases admitted to German pediatric hospitals were monitored via a newly established, national, Clinician-Led Reporting System (CLRS) that recorded patient age and type of respiratory support. A subanalysis of the first 4 months of the monitoring period was additionally performed. Results In October 2021, a total of 471 hospitalized pediatric RSV cases per day were documented by 67 reporting hospitals. By January 2022, this number dropped to three cases at 11 hospitals (median of reporting hospitals: 37 (11%)). During these months, the median of hospitalized children on general wards and intensive care units was 133 and 15, respectively. In the subanalysis conducted to examine the period October to January, an average of 3.6 ± 2.2 patients per hospital per day were hospitalized on general wards (median 4 cases; range 0.3–8 cases), whereas 0.4 ± 2.2 patients were on intensive care units (median 0.3 cases; range 0–0.9 cases), with 11.5% receiving respiratory support. The majority of patients were under 2 years old. Conclusion The overall burden of out-of-season RSV cases was extraordinarily high in Germany in 2021–2022. The newly established CLRS may help evaluate and, therefore, better allocate local and national pediatric care resources.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s15010-022-01889-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Tenenbaum
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Sana Klinikum Lichtenberg, Academic Teaching Hospital, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Fanningerstr. 32, 10365, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Maren Doenhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Natalie Diffloth
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jakob P Armann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Rony MKK, Rana RU. Comments on "Workplace violence among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in a Jordanian governmental hospital: the tip of the iceberg" by El-Shafei, D. A. et al., 2021 (10.1007/s11356-021-15112-w). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:41866-41868. [PMID: 35322366 PMCID: PMC8942564 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moustaq Karim Khan Rony
- Nursing officer, Directorate General of Nursing And Midwifery, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Abstract
The aging process is associated with a remodeling of the immune system involving chronic low-grade inflammation and a gradual decline in the function of the immune system. These processes are also called inflammaging and immunosenescence. The age-related immune remodeling is associated with many clinical changes, e.g., risk for cancers and chronic infections increases, whereas the efficiency of vaccination and immunotherapy declines with aging. On the other hand, there is convincing evidence that chronic inflammatory states promote the premature aging process. The inflammation associated with aging or chronic inflammatory conditions stimulates a counteracting immunosuppression which protects tissues from excessive inflammatory injuries but promotes immunosenescence. Immunosuppression is a driving force in tumors and chronic infections and it also induces the tolerance to vaccination and immunotherapies. Immunosuppressive cells, e.g., myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), regulatory T cells (Treg), and type M2 macrophages, have a crucial role in tumorigenesis and chronic infections as well as in the tolerance to vaccination and immunotherapies. Interestingly, there is substantial evidence that inflammaging is also associated with an increased immunosuppressive activity, e.g., upregulation of immunosuppressive cells and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Given that both the aging and chronic inflammatory states involve the activation of immunosuppression and immunosenescence, this might explain why aging is a risk factor for tumorigenesis and chronic inflammatory states and conversely, chronic inflammatory insults promote the premature aging process in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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