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Mazerolles F, Stolzenberg MC, Pelle O, Picard C, Neven B, Fischer A, Magerus-Chatinet A, Rieux-Laucat F. Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome-FAS Patients Have an Abnormal Regulatory T Cell (Treg) Phenotype but Display Normal Natural Treg-Suppressive Function on T Cell Proliferation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:718. [PMID: 29686686 PMCID: PMC5900038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) with FAS mutation (ALPS-FAS) is a nonmalignant, noninfectious, lymphoproliferative disease with autoimmunity. Given the central role of natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) in the control of lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity, we assessed nTreg-suppressive function in 16 patients with ALPS-FAS. Results The proportion of CD25highCD127low Tregs was lower in ALPS-FAS patients than in healthy controls. This subset was correlated with a reduced CD25 expression in CD3+CD4+ T cells from ALPS patients and thus an abnormally low proportion of CD25highFOXP3+ Helios+ T cells. The ALPS patients also displayed a high proportion of naïve Treg (FOXP3lowCD45RA+) and an unusual subpopulation (CD4+CD127lowCD15s+CD45RA+). Despite this abnormal phenotype, the CD25highCD127low Tregs’ suppressive function was unaffected. Furthermore, conventional T cells from FAS-mutated patients showed normal levels of sensitivity to Treg suppression. Conclusion An abnormal Treg phenotype is observed in circulating lymphocytes of ALPS patients. However, these Tregs displayed a normal suppressive function on T effector proliferation in vitro. This is suggesting that lymphoproliferation observed in ALPS patients does not result from Tregs functional defect or T effector cells insensitivity to Tregs suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Mazerolles
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Stolzenberg
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Pelle
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Cell Sorting Facility, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France.,Paediatric Haematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.,Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, University Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benedicte Neven
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France.,Paediatric Haematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France.,Paediatric Haematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.,Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Aude Magerus-Chatinet
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Rieux-Laucat
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmunity, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute Paris, Paris, France
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Besnard C, Levy E, Aladjidi N, Stolzenberg MC, Magerus-Chatinet A, Alibeu O, Nitschke P, Blanche S, Hermine O, Jeziorski E, Landman-Parker J, Leverger G, Mahlaoui N, Michel G, Pellier I, Suarez F, Thuret I, de Saint-Basile G, Picard C, Fischer A, Neven B, Rieux-Laucat F, Quartier P. Pediatric-onset Evans syndrome: Heterogeneous presentation and high frequency of monogenic disorders including LRBA and CTLA4 mutations. Clin Immunol 2018; 188:52-57. [PMID: 29330115 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Evans syndrome (ES) is defined by the combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. Clinical presentation includes manifestations of immune dysregulation, found in primary immune deficiencies, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome with FAS (ALPS-FAS), Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Lipopolysaccharide-Responsive vesicle trafficking Beige-like and Anchor protein (LRBA) defects. We report the clinical history and genetic results of 18 children with ES after excluding ALPS-FAS. Thirteen had organomegaly, five lymphocytic infiltration of non-lymphoid organs, nine hypogammaglobulinemia and fifteen anomalies in lymphocyte phenotyping. Seven patients had genetic defects: three CTLA4 mutations (c.151C>T; c.109+1092_568-512del; c.110-2A>G) identified by Sanger sequencing and four revealed by Next Generation Sequencing: LRBA (c.2450+1C>T), STAT3 gain-of-function (c.2147C>T; c.2144C>T) and KRAS (c.37G>T). No feature emerged to distinguish patients with or without genetic diagnosis. Our data on pediatric-onset ES should prompt physicians to perform extensive screening for mutations in the growing pool of genes involved in primary immune deficiencies with autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Besnard
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC université Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Eva Levy
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Aladjidi
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Immunology, Centre de Référence National des Cytopénies Auto-immunes de l'enfant, CEREVANCE, CIC 1401, CHU Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Claude Stolzenberg
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aude Magerus-Chatinet
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Alibeu
- Genomic Platform, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Nitschke
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1163, Bioinformatics Department, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Hematology, Immunology, Infectiology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- Pediatrics, Infectiology, Rhumatology, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, France
| | - Judith Landman-Parker
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC université Paris 06, Paris, France; Pediatric hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand Trousseau, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guy Leverger
- Pediatric hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand Trousseau, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Gérard Michel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Research Unit EA 3279, Aix-Marseille University, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Pellier
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Adult hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; Inserm U1163, CNRS ERL 8254, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Thuret
- Pediatrics and Pediatric hematology, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Geneviève de Saint-Basile
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Normal and pathological homeostasis of the immune system, Paris, France; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France; Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Rieux-Laucat
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Quartier
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of pediatric autoimmune diseases, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric immuno-hematology and rhumatology unit, RAISE reference centre for pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases and systemic autoimmune diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France
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Abstract
The apoptosis function can be monitored on human lymphocytes by quantifying the induced-death upon apoptotic stimuli involving either the extrinsic or the intrinsic pathway on in vitro activated T cells. Her, we describe an in vitro assay allowing the monitoring of three different apoptosis pathways: (1) the FAS-induced pathway, (2) the activation-induced cell death (AICD), and (3) the death induced by starvation of the cells, called activated-cell autonomous death (ACAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Magerus-Chatinet
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of The Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 24 Boulevard de Montparnasse, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Rieux-Laucat
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of The Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 24 Boulevard de Montparnasse, 75015, Paris, France
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4
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Klemann C, Esquivel M, Magerus-Chatinet A, Lorenz MR, Fuchs I, Neveux N, Castelle M, Rohr J, da Cunha CB, Ebinger M, Kobbe R, Kremens B, Kollert F, Gambineri E, Lehmberg K, Seidel MG, Siepermann K, Voelker T, Schuster V, Goldacker S, Schwarz K, Speckmann C, Picard C, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F, Ehl S, Rensing-Ehl A, Neven B. Evolution of disease activity and biomarkers on and off rapamycin in 28 patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Haematologica 2016; 102:e52-e56. [PMID: 27789675 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.153411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klemann
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Myrian Esquivel
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of the immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.,Unite d'Immuno Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France
| | - Aude Magerus-Chatinet
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of the immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, France
| | - Myriam R Lorenz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service, Germany
| | - Ilka Fuchs
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Neveux
- Service de Biochimie, Hopital Cochin, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, France
| | - Martin Castelle
- Unite d'Immuno Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France
| | - Jan Rohr
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Robin Kobbe
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kremens
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kollert
- University Hospital Essen, Department of Paediatrics III, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Eleonora Gambineri
- Department of "NEUROFARBA": Section of Child's Health, University of Florence, Department of Haematology-Oncology: BMT Unit, Department of Fetal and Neonatal Medicine: Rare Diseases, "Anna Meyer" Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Kai Lehmberg
- Department of Pediatric Haematology/Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus G Seidel
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Siepermann
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Voelker
- Hospital for Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Medical Center Kassel GmbH, Germany
| | - Volker Schuster
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sigune Goldacker
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Capucine Picard
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of the immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.,Unite d'Immuno Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France.,Centre d'Etude des Deficits Immunitaires, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of the immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.,Unite d'Immuno Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France.,College de France, Paris, France
| | - Frederic Rieux-Laucat
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of the immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, France
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Rensing-Ehl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedicte Neven
- Unite d'Immuno Hematologie Pediatrique, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, France
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5
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Roberts C, Ayers L, Bateman E, Sadler R, Magerus-Chatinet A, Rieux-Laucat F, Misbah S, Ferry B. Investigation of common variable immunodeficiency patients and healthy individuals using autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome biomarkers. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1531-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.08.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lambotte O, Neven B, Galicier L, Magerus-Chatinet A, Schleinitz N, Hermine O, Meyts I, Picard C, Godeau B, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F. Diagnosis of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by FAS deficiency in adults. Haematologica 2012; 98:389-92. [PMID: 22983577 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2012.067488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A diagnosis of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by FAS deficiency during adulthood is unusual. We analyzed 17 cases of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by FAS deficiency diagnosed during adulthood in French reference centers for hereditary immunodeficiencies and for immune cytopenias. Twelve of the 17 patients had developed their first symptoms during childhood. The diagnosis of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome had been delayed for a variety of reasons, including unusual clinical manifestations, late referral to a reference center, and the occurrence of somatic FAS mutations. The 5 other patients presented their first symptoms after the age of 16 years. In these patients, three germline heterozygous FAS mutations were predicted to be associated with haploinsufficiency and a somatic event on the second FAS allele was observed in 2 cases. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome may well be diagnosed in adulthood. The occurrence of additional genetic events may account for the delayed disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Lambotte
- Service de Médecine Interne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital du Kremlin Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
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7
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Magerus-Chatinet A, Stolzenberg MC, Lanzarotti N, Neven B, Daussy C, Picard C, Neveux N, Desai M, Rao M, Ghosh K, Madkaikar M, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by a homozygous null FAS ligand (FASLG) mutation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 131:486-90. [PMID: 22857792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by chronic nonmalignant lymphoproliferation, accumulation of double-negative T cells, hypergammaglobulinemia G and A, and autoimmune cytopenia. OBJECTIVES Although mostly associated with FAS mutations, different genetic defects leading to impaired apoptosis have been described in patients with ALPS, including the FAS ligand gene (FASLG) in rare cases. Here we report on the first case of complete FAS ligand deficiency caused by a homozygous null mutant. METHODS Double-negative T-cell counts and plasma IL-10 and FAS ligand concentrations were determined as ALPS markers. The FASLG gene was sequenced, and its expression was analyzed by means of Western blotting. FAS ligand function was assessed based on reactivation-induced cell death. RESULTS We describe a patient born to consanguineous parents who presented with a severe form of ALPS caused by FASLG deficiency. Although the clinical presentation was compatible with a homozygous FAS mutation, FAS-induced apoptosis was normal, and plasma FAS ligand levels were not detectable. This patient carries a homozygous, germline, single-base-pair deletion in FASLG exon 1, leading to a premature stop codon (F87fs x95) and a complete defect in FASLG expression. The healthy parents were each heterozygous for the mutation, confirming its recessive trait. CONCLUSION FAS ligand deficiency should be screened in patients presenting with ALPS features but lacking the usual markers, including plasma soluble FAS ligand and an in vitro apoptotic defect. An activation-induced cell death test could help in discrimination.
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8
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Jagger AL, Evans HG, Walter GJ, Gullick NJ, Menon B, Ballantine LE, Gracie A, Magerus-Chatinet A, Tiemessen MM, Geissmann F, Rieux-Laucat F, Taams LS. FAS/FAS-L dependent killing of activated human monocytes and macrophages by CD4+CD25- responder T cells, but not CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J Autoimmun 2011; 38:29-38. [PMID: 22197557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2011.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conclusive resolution of an immune response is critical for the prevention of autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. We report that following co-culture with autologous CD4+CD25- responder T cells, human CD14+ monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages become activated but also significantly more prone to apoptosis than monocytes/macrophages cultured alone. In contrast, in the presence of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), monocytes and macrophages survive whilst adopting an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The induction of monocyte death requires responder T cell activation and cell-contact between responder T cells and monocytes. We demonstrate a critical role for FAS/FAS-L ligation in responder T cell-induced monocyte killing since responder T cells, but not Tregs, upregulate FAS-ligand (FAS-L) mRNA, and induce FAS expression on monocytes. Furthermore, responder T cell-induced monocyte apoptosis is blocked by neutralising FAS/FAS-L interaction, and is not observed when monocytes from an autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) patient with complete FAS-deficiency are used as target cells. Finally, we show that responder T cell-induced killing of monocytes is impaired in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our data suggest that resolution of inflammation in the course of a healthy immune response is aided by the unperturbed killing of monocytes with inflammatory potential by responder T cells and the induction of longer-lived, Treg-induced, anti-inflammatory monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L Jagger
- Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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10
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11
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Magerus-Chatinet A, Neven B, Stolzenberg MC, Daussy C, Arkwright PD, Lanzarotti N, Schaffner C, Cluet-Dennetiere S, Haerynck F, Michel G, Bole-Feysot C, Zarhrate M, Radford-Weiss I, Romana SP, Picard C, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F. Onset of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) in humans as a consequence of genetic defect accumulation. J Clin Invest 2010; 121:106-12. [PMID: 21183795 DOI: 10.1172/jci43752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases develop in approximately 5% of humans. They can arise when self-tolerance checkpoints of the immune system are bypassed as a consequence of inherited mutations of key genes involved in lymphocyte activation, survival, or death. For example, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) results from defects in self-tolerance checkpoints as a consequence of mutations in the death receptor-encoding gene TNF receptor superfamily, member 6 (TNFRSF6; also known as FAS). However, some mutation carriers remain asymptomatic throughout life. We have now demonstrated in 7 ALPS patients that the disease develops as a consequence of an inherited TNFRSF6 heterozygous mutation combined with a somatic genetic event in the second TNFRSF6 allele. Analysis of the patients' CD4(-)CD8(-) (double negative) T cells--accumulation of which is a hallmark of ALPS--revealed that in these cells, 3 patients had somatic mutations in their second TNFRSF6 allele, while 4 patients had loss of heterozygosity by telomeric uniparental disomy of chromosome 10. This observation provides the molecular bases of a nonmalignant autoimmune disease development in humans and may shed light on the mechanism underlying the occurrence of other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Magerus-Chatinet
- INSERM U768, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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12
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Bristeau-Leprince A, Mateo V, Lim A, Magerus-Chatinet A, Solary E, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F, Gougeon ML. Human TCR alpha/beta+ CD4-CD8- double-negative T cells in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome express restricted Vbeta TCR diversity and are clonally related to CD8+ T cells. J Immunol 2008; 181:440-8. [PMID: 18566410 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral expansion of alpha/beta+-CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) T cells in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a consistent feature of this disease, and part of the diagnostic criteria of ALPS. The origin of these cells remains undetermined. They could derive from mature T cells that have lost coreceptor expression, or represent a special minor cell lineage. To investigate relationship of DN and single positive (SP) T cells in ALPS, we used Immunoscope technology to analyze the TCRVbeta repertoire diversity of sorted DN and SP T cells, and we performed CDR3 sequence analyses of matching clonotypes. We show that DN T cells express all the Vbeta gene families that are used by their SP counterparts, though they dominantly use some Vbeta genes. Analysis of CDR3 length distribution revealed a diverse polyclonal TCR repertoire for sorted CD4+ T cells, whereas both DN and CD8+ T cells showed a skewed TCR repertoire with oligoclonal expansions throughout most of the Vbeta families. CDR3 sequencing of matching clonotypes revealed a significant sharing of CDR3 sequences from selected Vbeta-Jbeta transcripts between DN and CD8+ T cells. Altogether, these data strongly argue for a CD8 origin of DN T cells in ALPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bristeau-Leprince
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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