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Viguier M, Pérals C, Poirier B, Battistella M, Aubin F, Bachelez H, Prétet JL, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Touzé A, Gougeon ML, Fazilleau N. Human papilloma virus-16-specific CD8+ T-cell expansions characterize different clinical forms of lichen planus and not lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:859-868. [PMID: 36922453 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a cutaneomucosal chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) infiltrate. In erosive oral LP, we found HPV16-specific activated CTL in lesions, supporting a pathogenic contribution of HPV16. Here, we investigated whether a similar scenario occurs in other clinical forms of LP and in lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA), another chronic disease also affecting the mucosa and/or the skin. Blood CTL from LP and LSA patients expressed significant higher levels of granzyme B, perforin and CD107a proteins than healthy donors. Expansions of TCRVß3+ CTL, with presence of TCR clonotypes identical to those previously detected in erosive oral LP, were found both in blood and mucosal/skin lesions of LP, and not of LSA patients. These expansions were enriched with HPV16-specific CD8+ T-cells as shown by their recognition of the E711-20 immunodominant epitope. In LSA patients, the peripheral repertoire of CTL was oligoclonal for TCRVß6+ CTL. Finally, although patients with LP and LSA have developed antibodies against HPV16 capsid L1, antibodies against HPV16 E6 were only observed in patients with LP. Overall, our data collectively suggest an involvement of HPV16-specific CTL in different clinical forms of LP, not only in erosive oral LP, while a different scenario operates in LSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuelle Viguier
- Department of dermatology, Hôpital Robert-Debré, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), EA7509 IRMAIC, Reims, France
| | - Corine Pérals
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), CNRS U5051, INSERM U1291, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Maxime Battistella
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - François Aubin
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Besançon, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Hervé Bachelez
- Laboratory of Genetics of Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute for Human Genetic Diseases, INSERM U1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, APHP Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Prétet
- Centre National de Référence Papillomavirus, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, CHU de Besançon, Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Massimo Tommasino
- IARC, Lyon, France
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Nicolas Fazilleau
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), CNRS U5051, INSERM U1291, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Deiva K, Ausseil J, de Bournonville S, Zérah M, Husson B, Gougeon ML, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Zafeiriou D, Parenti G, Heard JM, Tardieu M. Intracerebral Gene Therapy in Four Children with Sanfilippo B Syndrome: 5.5-Year Follow-Up Results. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:1251-1259. [PMID: 34405688 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the safety (primary endpoint) and efficacy (secondary endpoint) of a novel intracerebral gene therapy at 5.5 years of follow-up in children with Sanfilippo B. An uncontrolled, phase 1/2 clinical trial was performed in four patients aged 20, 26, 30, and 53 months. Treatment consisted of 16 intracerebral and cerebellar deposits of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector encoding human α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (rAAV2/5-hNAGLU) plus immunosuppression. An intermediate report at 30 months was previously published. Thirty treatment-emergent adverse events were reported between 30 and 66 months after surgery, including three classified as severe with no serious drug reactions. At 5.5 years, NAGLU activity was persistently detected in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (18% of unaffected control level). Circulating T cells reacting against NAGLU peptides were present, indicating a lack of acquired tolerance. Patients 2, 3, and 4 showed progressive brain atrophy and neurocognitive evolution that did not differ from untreated Sanfilippo A/B children. Patient 1, enrolled at 20 months of age, had a milder disease with normal brain imaging and a significantly better cognitive outcome than the three other patients and untreated patients, although not equivalent to normal children. After 5.5 years, the primary endpoint of this study was achieved with a good safety profile of the proposed treatment. We have also observed sustained enzyme production in the brain and absence of immunological tolerance. Cognitive benefit was not confirmed in the three oldest patients. Milder disease in the youngest patient supports further investigations of adeno-associated vector-mediated intracerebral gene therapy in Sanfilippo B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaran Deiva
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Site Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jérôme Ausseil
- Service de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Inserm U1043 Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie de Bournonville
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Site Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Michel Zérah
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.,Institut Imagine, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.,NeuroGenCell, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Husson
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Global Health Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Frederico II University, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Jean-Michel Heard
- Department of Neuroscience, Biotherapy and Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1115, Paris, France
| | - Marc Tardieu
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Site Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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3
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Gougeon ML, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Ausseil J, Zérah M, Artaud C, Heard JM, Deiva K, Tardieu M. Cell-Mediated Immunity to NAGLU Transgene Following Intracerebral Gene Therapy in Children With Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIB Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:655478. [PMID: 34040605 PMCID: PMC8141743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.655478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB syndrome (Sanfilippo disease) is a rare autosomic recessif disorder caused by mutations in the α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) gene coding for a lysosomal enzyme, leading to neurodegeneration and progressive deterioration of cognitive abilities in affected children. To supply the missing enzyme, several recent human gene therapy trials relied on the deposit of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors directly into the brain. We reported safety and efficacy of an intracerebral therapy in a phase 1/2 clinical trial (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03300453), with a recombinant AAV serotype 2/5 (rAAV2/5) coding human NAGLU in four children with MPS IIIB syndrome receiving immunosuppression. It was reported that AAV-mediated gene therapies might elicit a strong host immune response resulting in decreased transgene expression. To address this issue, we performed a comprehensive analysis of cellular immunity and cytokine patterns generated against the therapeutic enzyme in the four treated children over 5.5 years of follow-up. We report the emergence of memory and polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes sensitized to the transgene soon after the start of therapy, and appearing in peripheral blood in waves throughout the follow-up. However, this response had no apparent impact on CNS transgene expression, which remained stable 66 months after surgery, possibly a consequence of the long-term immunosuppressive treatment. We also report that gene therapy did not trigger neuroinflammation, evaluated through the expression of cytokines and chemokines in patients’ CSF. Milder disease progression in the youngest patient was found associated with low level and less differentiated circulating NAGLU-specific T cells, together with the lack of proinflammatory cytokines in the CSF. Findings in this study support a systematic and comprehensive immunomonitoring approach for understanding the impact immune reactions might have on treatment safety and efficacy of gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Poirier-Beaudouin
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Jérome Ausseil
- Service de Biochimie Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 - CNRS UMR5051 - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Zérah
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker; Institut Imagine, Université René Descartes; NeuroGenCell, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Artaud
- Institut Pasteur, Centre for Translational Science, Clinical Core, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Heard
- Institut Pasteur, Biotherapy and Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Neuroscience Department, INSERM U1115, Paris, France
| | - Kumaran Deiva
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital and INSERM UMR 1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, CEA, IDMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Tardieu
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital and INSERM UMR 1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, CEA, IDMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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4
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Cohen D, Atsmon J, Artaud C, Meron-Sudai S, Gougeon ML, Bialik A, Goren S, Asato V, Ariel-Cohen O, Reizis A, Dorman A, Hoitink CWG, Westdijk J, Ashkenazi S, Sansonetti P, Mulard LA, Phalipon A. Safety and immunogenicity of a synthetic carbohydrate conjugate vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2a in healthy adult volunteers: a phase 1, dose-escalating, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2021; 21:546-558. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bos S, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Seffer V, Manich M, Mardi C, Desprès P, Gadea G, Gougeon ML. Zika Virus Inhibits IFN-α Response by Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Induces NS1-Dependent Triggering of CD303 (BDCA-2) Signaling. Front Immunol 2020; 11:582061. [PMID: 33193389 PMCID: PMC7655658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) dramatically emerged in French Polynesia and subsequently in the Americas where it has been associated with severe neurological complications in adults and newborns, respectively. Although plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a key sensor of viral infection and are critical for initiating an antiviral response, little is known about the impact of ZIKV infection on pDCs. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of human pDCs to infection with multiple strains of ZIKV and further investigated the impact of infection on pDCs functions. We observed that pDCs were refractory to cell-free ZIKV virions but were effectively infected when co-cultured with ZIKV-infected cells. However, exposure of pDCs to ZIKV-infected cells resulted in limited maturation/activation with significant down regulation of CD303 expression, a severe impairment of inflammatory cytokine production, and an inability to mount an IFN-α response. We show that ZIKV developed a strategy to inhibit the IFN-α response in primary human pDCs likely mediated through NS1-dependent CD303 signaling, thus suggesting a new mechanism of immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bos
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Global Health Department, Paris, France.,Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | | | - Valérie Seffer
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Global Health Department, Paris, France
| | - Maria Manich
- Institut Pasteur, Biological Image Analysis Unit, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Paris, France
| | - Cartini Mardi
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Global Health Department, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, La Réunion, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Global Health Department, Paris, France
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Paoletti A, Allouch A, Caillet M, Saïdi H, Subra F, Nardacci R, Wu Q, Muradova Z, Voisin L, Raza SQ, Law F, Thoreau M, Dakhli H, Delelis O, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Lambotte O, Saez-Cirion A, Pancino G, Ojcius DM, Solary E, Deutsch E, Piacentini M, Gougeon ML, Kroemer G, Perfettini JL. HIV-1 Envelope Overcomes NLRP3-Mediated Inhibition of F-Actin Polymerization for Viral Entry. Cell Rep 2020; 28:3381-3394.e7. [PMID: 31553908 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins have been shown to control viral infection. Here, we show that the NLR family member NLRP3 and the purinergic receptor P2Y2 constitutively interact and regulate susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. We found that NLRP3 acts as an inhibitory factor of viral entry that represses F-actin remodeling. The binding of the HIV-1 envelope to its host cell receptors (CD4, CXCR4, and/or CCR5) overcomes this restriction by stimulating P2Y2. Once activated, P2Y2 enhances its interaction with NLRP3 and stimulates the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBL to NLRP3, ultimately leading to NLRP3 degradation. NLRP3 degradation is permissive for PYK2 phosphorylation (PYK2Y402∗) and subsequent F-actin polymerization, which is required for the entry of HIV-1 into host cells. Taken together, our results uncover a mechanism by which HIV-1 overcomes NLRP3 restriction that appears essential for the accomplishment of the early steps of HIV-1 entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Paoletti
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Awatef Allouch
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Caillet
- Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; INSERM U848, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Hela Saïdi
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Subra
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230 Cachan, France
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani,", Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Zeinaf Muradova
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Laurent Voisin
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Syed Qasim Raza
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric Law
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Maxime Thoreau
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Haithem Dakhli
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Delelis
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230 Cachan, France
| | - Béatrice Poirier-Beaudouin
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Sud, UMR 1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris Sud, UMR 1184, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, Division of Immunology-Virology, IDMIT, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; APHP, Service de Médecine Interne - Immunologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Asier Saez-Cirion
- Unité HIV, Inflammation et Persistance, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75025 Paris, France
| | - Gianfranco Pancino
- Unité HIV, Inflammation et Persistance, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75025 Paris, France
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eric Solary
- INSERM U1009, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani,", Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata,", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM U848, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Metabolomics Platform, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France; Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris Sud - Paris 11, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA.
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7
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Allouch A, Di Primio C, Paoletti A, Lê-Bury G, Subra F, Quercioli V, Nardacci R, David A, Saïdi H, Cereseto A, Ojcius DM, Montagnac G, Niedergang F, Pancino G, Saez-Cirion A, Piacentini M, Gougeon ML, Kroemer G, Perfettini JL. SUGT1 controls susceptibility to HIV-1 infection by stabilizing microtubule plus-ends. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:3243-3257. [PMID: 32514048 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the viral-host cell interface during HIV-1 infection is a prerequisite for the development of innovative antiviral therapies. Here we show that the suppressor of G2 allele of skp1 (SUGT1) is a permissive factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. Expression of SUGT1 increases in infected cells on human brain sections and in permissive host cells. We found that SUGT1 determines the permissiveness to infection of lymphocytes and macrophages by modulating the nuclear import of the viral genome. More importantly, SUGT1 stabilizes the microtubule plus-ends (+MTs) of host cells (through the modulation of microtubule acetylation and the formation of end-binding protein 1 (EB1) comets). This effect on microtubules favors HIV-1 retrograde trafficking and replication. SUGT1 depletion impairs the replication of HIV-1 patient primary isolates and mutant virus that is resistant to raltegravir antiretroviral agent. Altogether our results identify SUGT1 as a cellular factor involved in the post-entry steps of HIV-1 infection that may be targeted for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef Allouch
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Cristina Di Primio
- Bio@SNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Audrey Paoletti
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gabrielle Lê-Bury
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 8104, F-75013, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Subra
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230, Cachan, France
| | - Valentina Quercioli
- Bio@SNS Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Via Portuense 292, I-00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Annie David
- Unité HIV, inflammation and Persistance, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Héla Saïdi
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Anna Cereseto
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, I-38123, Trento, Italy
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA.,Université de Paris, F-75013, Paris, France
| | | | - Florence Niedergang
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75013, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 8104, F-75013, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Gianfranco Pancino
- Unité HIV, inflammation and Persistance, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Asier Saez-Cirion
- Unité HIV, inflammation and Persistance, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Via Portuense 292, I-00149, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00173, Rome, Italy
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France.,INSERM U848, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Metabolomics Platform, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, F-75006, Paris, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, F-75015, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, S-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France. .,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France. .,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, F-94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, F-94805, Villejuif, France. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA.
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Gougeon ML, Schwartz M, Brunner T, Ojcius DM. 130th anniversary of Institut Pasteur: celebrating science. Microbes Infect 2019; 21:190-191. [PMID: 31247327 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Innate Immunity and Viruses Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
| | | | - Thomas Brunner
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, USA
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9
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Gougeon ML, Schwartz M, Brunner T, Ojcius DM. 130th anniversary of Institut Pasteur: celebrating science. Genes Immun 2019; 20:342-343. [DOI: 10.1038/s41435-019-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tardieu M, Zérah M, Gougeon ML, Ausseil J, de Bournonville S, Husson B, Zafeiriou D, Parenti G, Bourget P, Poirier B, Furlan V, Artaud C, Baugnon T, Roujeau T, Crystal RG, Meyer C, Deiva K, Heard JM. Intracerebral gene therapy in children with mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB syndrome: an uncontrolled phase 1/2 clinical trial. Lancet Neurol 2017; 16:712-720. [PMID: 28713035 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB syndrome (also known as Sanfilippo type B syndrome) is a lysosomal storage disease resulting in progressive deterioration of cognitive acquisition after age 2-4 years. No treatment is available for the neurological manifestations of the disease. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel intracerebral gene therapy. METHODS Local regulatory authorities in France allowed inclusion of up to four children in this phase 1/2 study. Treatment was 16 intraparenchymal deposits (four in the cerebellum) of a recombinant adenoassociated viral vector serotype 2/5 (rAAV2/5) encoding human α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) plus immunosuppressive therapy. We assessed tolerance, neurocognitive progression, brain growth, NAGLU enzymatic activity in CSF, and specific anti-NAGLU immune response for 30 months after surgery. This trial is registered with EudraCT, number 2012-000856-33, and the International Standard Clinical Trial Registry, number ISRCTN19853672. FINDINGS Of seven eligible children, the four youngest, from France (n=2), Italy (n=1), and Greece (n=1), aged 20, 26, 30, and 53 months, were included between February, 2012, and February, 2014. 125 adverse events were recorded, of which 117 were treatment emergent and included six classified as severe, but no suspected unexpected serious adverse drug reactions were seen. Vector genomes were detected in blood for 2 days after surgery. Compared with the natural history of mucopolysaccharidosis type III syndromes, neurocognitive progression was improved in all patients, with the youngest patient having function close to that in healthy children. Decrease in developmental quotient was -11·0 points in patient one, -23·0 in patient two, -29·0 in patient three, and -17·0 in patient four, compared with -37·7 in the natural history of the disease. NAGLU activity was detected in lumbar CSF and was 15-20% of that in unaffected children. Circulating T lymphocytes that proliferated and produced tumour necrosis factor α upon ex-vivo exposure to NAGLU antigens were detectable at 1-12 months and 3-12 months, respectively, but not at 30 months in three of four patients. INTERPRETATION Intracerebral rAVV2/5 was well tolerated and induced sustained enzyme production in the brain. The initial specific anti-NAGLU immune response that later subsided suggested acquired immunological tolerance. The best results being obtained in the youngest patient implies a potential window of opportunity. Longer follow-up is needed to further assess safety outcomes and persistence of improved cognitive development. FUNDING Association Française Contre les Myopathies, Vaincre les Maladies Lysosomales, Institut Pasteur, and UniQure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Tardieu
- Paediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris Sud and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Michel Zérah
- Paediatric Neurosurgery Department, Université Paris Descartes and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jérome Ausseil
- Laboratoire de Biochimie and INSERM U1088, Université de Picardie-Jules Verne, Hôpitaux Universitaires d'Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie de Bournonville
- Paediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris Sud and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Béatrice Husson
- Paediatric Radiology Department, Université Paris Sud and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Frederico II University, Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Philippe Bourget
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Université Paris Descartes and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Poirier
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Furlan
- Pharmacology Toxicology Department, Université Paris Sud and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Cécile Artaud
- Centre for Translational Science, Clinical Core, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Baugnon
- Anaesthesiology Department, Université Paris Descartes and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Roujeau
- Neuroscience Department, Hôpitaux de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kumaran Deiva
- Paediatric Neurology Department, Université Paris Sud and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jean-Michel Heard
- Department of Neuroscience, Biotherapy and Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, INSERM U1115, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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11
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Gougeon ML, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Durant J, Lebrun-Frenay C, Saïdi H, Seffer V, Ticchioni M, Chanalet S, Carsenti H, Harvey-Langton A, Laffon M, Cottalorda J, Pradier C, Dellamonica P, Vassallo M. Erratum to ‘HMGB1/anti-HMGB1 antibodies define a molecular signature of early stages of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND)’. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00259. [PMID: 28367507 PMCID: PMC5361933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Gougeon ML, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Durant J, Lebrun-Frenay C, Saïdi H, Seffer V, Ticchioni M, Chanalet S, Carsenti H, Harvey-Langton A, Laffon M, Cottalorda J, Pradier C, Dellamonica P, Vassallo M. HMGB1/anti-HMGB1 antibodies define a molecular signature of early stages of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Isorders (HAND). Heliyon 2017; 3:e00245. [PMID: 28224137 PMCID: PMC5310155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist in the post-HAART era, characterized by asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and mild neurocognitive disorders (MND). High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone chromosomal protein widely expressed in the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells, including brain cells, which acts as a potent proinflammatory cytokine when actively secreted from immune cells. Recent reports suggested that HMGB1 acts on microglial cells to promote neuroinflammation. In this study, our aim was to determine whether HMGB1 is involved in HAND, but also to identify early new markers of neurological impairment in HIV-infected patients. METHODS CSF and serum were collected from 103 HIV-1-infected patients enrolled in Neuradapt, a prospective study of the prevalence of HAND in HIV-1 infected patients at Nice University Hospital. Stored fluids were assessed for immunological, virological, and brain metabolite parameters. In addition to HIV RNA and DNA measurements, expression of T-cell surface markers of activation (CD38 and HLA-DR) was analyzed on whole blood. Concentration of 27 cytokines and chemokines was measured using multiplex bead assays on serum and CSF. Concentration of HMGB1 and anti-HMGB1 IgG autoantibodies were also measured on the same samples. Changes in cerebral metabolites N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), Choline (Cho) and creatinine (Cr) were assessed by magnetic resonance microscopy (MRS). RESULTS Clinical, virological and immunological characteristics were comparable between HAND (n = 30) and no HAND (n = 73) patients, except the absolute numbers of CD8+ T cells, which were higher in patients with HAND. Among the 29 molecules tested, only 4 of them were significantly upregulated in the CSF from HAND patients as compared to healthy donors i.e. HMGB1, anti-HMGB1 IgG antibodies, IP-10 and MCP1. CSF HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with HIV-1 DNA in aviremic HAND patients, suggesting a positive impact of HMGB1 on HIV reservoirs. Moreover, in contrast to NAA/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios, circulating anti-HMGB1 IgG antibody levels could discriminate patients with no HAND from patients with no HAND and a single deficit (average ROC-AUC = 0.744, p = 0.03 for viremic patients), thus enabling the identification of a very early stage of neurocognitive impairment. CONCLUSION We report that brain injury in chronically HIV-infected patients on stable HAART is strongly associated with persistent CNS inflammation, which is correlated with increased levels of HMGB1 and anti-HMGB1 IgG in the CSF. Moreover, we identified circulating anti-HMGB1 IgG as a very early biomarker of neurological impairment in patients without HAND. These results might have important implication for the identification of patients who are at high risk of developing neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Poirier-Beaudouin
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Durant
- University of Nice, L'Archet Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice, France
| | | | - Héla Saïdi
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Seffer
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Michel Ticchioni
- University of Nice, L'Archet Hospital, Immunology Laboratory Unit, Nice, France
| | - Stephane Chanalet
- University of Nice, Pasteur Hospital, Department of Radiology, Nice, France
| | - Helene Carsenti
- University of Nice, L'Archet Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice, France
| | | | - Muriel Laffon
- University of Nice, Pasteur Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nice, France
| | | | - Christian Pradier
- University of Nice, Department of Public Health, L'Archet Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Dellamonica
- University of Nice, L'Archet Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice, France
| | - Matteo Vassallo
- University of Nice, L'Archet Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nice, France; Cannes General Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Cannes, France
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13
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Gougeon ML. HIV cure is unachievable. The pros. J Virus Erad 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)31233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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14
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Launay O, Abitbol V, Krivine A, Slama LB, Bourreille A, Dupas JL, Hébuterne X, Savoye G, Deplanque D, Bouhnik Y, Pelletier AL, Galtier F, Laharie D, Nachury M, Zerbib F, Allez M, Bommelaer G, Duclos B, Lucht F, Gougeon ML, Tartour E, Rozenberg F, Hanslik T, Beaugerie L, Carrat F. Immunogenicity and Safety of Influenza Vaccine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Treated or not with Immunomodulators and/or Biologics: A Two-year Prospective Study. J Crohns Colitis 2015; 9:1096-107. [PMID: 26351392 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Data on the efficacy and safety of seasonal influenza vaccines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of immunosuppressive (IS) therapeutics on serological response to 2-year influenza vaccination in IBD adults. METHODS A multicentre prospective study performed in 255 IBD adults (18-64 years) receiving the trivalent influenza vaccine in the years 2009-2010 and 2010-2011. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres were assessed before and 3 weeks and 6 months after vaccination. RESULTS At inclusion, 31 patients were receiving no IS treatment (Group A), 77 were receiving IS treatment without anti-TNF (Group B) and 117 were receiving anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment with or without IS treatment (Group C). Three weeks after the first vaccination, rates of seroprotection were 77, 75 and 66% for strain A/H1N12007 (p = 0.35), 77, 68 and 52% for strain A/H3N2 (p = 0.014) and 97, 96 and 95% for strain B (p = 0.99) in Groups A, B and C, respectively. Seroconversion rates for A/H1N12007 (67, 64 and 54%; p = 0.28), A/H3N2 (63, 50 and 41%; p = 0.074) and strain B (63, 76 and 60%; p = 0.078) were not significantly different among treatment groups. At 6 months after vaccination, seroprotection rates were lower in Group C compared with Groups A and B. Comparable results were observed for the second year of vaccination. No impact on Harvey-Bradshaw and Mayo scores was detected. CONCLUSIONS Influenza vaccine yielded high seroprotection rates in IBD patients. Persistence of seroprotection was lower in patients with anti-TNF treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01022749.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Launay
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Cochin, CIC Cochin-Pasteur, Paris, France INSERM, CIC 1417, Paris, France INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France
| | - Vered Abitbol
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de gastro-entérologie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Krivine
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de virologie, Paris, France
| | - Lilia Ben Slama
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Cochin, CIC Cochin-Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Xavier Hébuterne
- Hôpital de l'Archet, Fédération d'Hépatogastroentérologie et de nutrition clinique, Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Savoye
- Service Hépatogastroentérologie et Nutrition, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France INSERM-CHRU de Lille, CIC 1403, Lille, France
| | - Yoram Bouhnik
- Hôpital Beaujon, Service de Gastroentérologie et Assistance Nutritive, Clichy, France
| | | | - Florence Galtier
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France INSERM, CIC de Montpellier, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - David Laharie
- Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Pessac, France
| | - Maria Nachury
- Service de Gastroentérologie, CHU Jean Minjoz, Besançon, and Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, Hôpital Claude Huriez, Lille, France
| | - Frank Zerbib
- Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint-André, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Allez
- Service de Gastroentérologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Bommelaer
- Service de Médecine Digestive et Hépatobiliaire, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bernard Duclos
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service d'Hépato gastroentérologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, INSERM U1113, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frederic Lucht
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France CHU Saint Etienne, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et tropicales, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, INSERM, UMR_S 970, PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Service de virologie, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Hanslik
- Service de médecine interne, AP-HP; Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Laurent Beaugerie
- Service de Gastroentérologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine et INSERM/UMRS 7203, UPMC Université de Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Carrat
- Département de santé publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR-S 1136, Paris, France INSERM, U1136, Paris, France
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Garg AD, Galluzzi L, Apetoh L, Baert T, Birge RB, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Breckpot K, Brough D, Chaurio R, Cirone M, Coosemans A, Coulie PG, De Ruysscher D, Dini L, de Witte P, Dudek-Peric AM, Faggioni A, Fucikova J, Gaipl US, Golab J, Gougeon ML, Hamblin MR, Hemminki A, Herrmann M, Hodge JW, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Krysko DV, Land WG, Madeo F, Manfredi AA, Mattarollo SR, Maueroder C, Merendino N, Multhoff G, Pabst T, Ricci JE, Riganti C, Romano E, Rufo N, Smyth MJ, Sonnemann J, Spisek R, Stagg J, Vacchelli E, Vandenabeele P, Vandenberk L, Van den Eynde BJ, Van Gool S, Velotti F, Zitvogel L, Agostinis P. Molecular and Translational Classifications of DAMPs in Immunogenic Cell Death. Front Immunol 2015; 6:588. [PMID: 26635802 PMCID: PMC4653610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of malignant cells has recently been acknowledged as a critical determinant of efficacy in cancer therapy. Thus, besides developing direct immunostimulatory regimens, including dendritic cell-based vaccines, checkpoint-blocking therapies, and adoptive T-cell transfer, researchers have started to focus on the overall immunobiology of neoplastic cells. It is now clear that cancer cells can succumb to some anticancer therapies by undergoing a peculiar form of cell death that is characterized by an increased immunogenic potential, owing to the emission of the so-called “damage-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs). The emission of DAMPs and other immunostimulatory factors by cells succumbing to immunogenic cell death (ICD) favors the establishment of a productive interface with the immune system. This results in the elicitation of tumor-targeting immune responses associated with the elimination of residual, treatment-resistant cancer cells, as well as with the establishment of immunological memory. Although ICD has been characterized with increased precision since its discovery, several questions remain to be addressed. Here, we summarize and tabulate the main molecular, immunological, preclinical, and clinical aspects of ICD, in an attempt to capture the essence of this phenomenon, and identify future challenges for this rapidly expanding field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France ; U1138, INSERM , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France ; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- U866, INSERM , Dijon , France ; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne , Dijon , France ; Centre Georges François Leclerc , Dijon , France
| | - Thais Baert
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, UZ Leuven , Leuven , Belgium ; Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Raymond B Birge
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, University Hospital Cancer Center, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School , Newark, NJ , USA
| | - José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France ; U1138, INSERM , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France ; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Jette , Belgium
| | - David Brough
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester , UK
| | - Ricardo Chaurio
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - An Coosemans
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, UZ Leuven , Leuven , Belgium ; Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Pierre G Coulie
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Dirk De Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento , Salento , Italy
| | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Aleksandra M Dudek-Peric
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | | | - Jitka Fucikova
- SOTIO , Prague , Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland ; Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center , Helsinki , Finland ; TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd. , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - James W Hodge
- Recombinant Vaccine Group, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France ; U1138, INSERM , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France ; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France ; U1138, INSERM , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France ; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France ; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP , Paris , France ; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Walter G Land
- Molecular ImmunoRheumatology, INSERM UMRS1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz , Graz , Austria ; BioTechMed Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- IRRCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Stephen R Mattarollo
- Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland , Wooloongabba, QLD , Australia
| | - Christian Maueroder
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Nicolò Merendino
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München , Munich , Germany
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jean-Ehrland Ricci
- INSERM, U1065, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Équipe "Contrôle Métabolique des Morts Cellulaires" , Nice , France
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Erminia Romano
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Nicole Rufo
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Insitute , Herston, QLD , Australia ; School of Medicine, University of Queensland , Herston, QLD , Australia
| | - Jürgen Sonnemann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Children's Clinic, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany
| | - Radek Spisek
- SOTIO , Prague , Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal , Montreal, QC , Canada
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France ; U1138, INSERM , Paris , France ; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie , Paris , France ; Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB , Ghent , Belgium ; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium
| | - Lien Vandenberk
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Benoit J Van den Eynde
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Stefaan Van Gool
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Francesca Velotti
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute , Villejuif , France ; University of Paris Sud , Le Kremlin-Bicêtre , France ; U1015, INSERM , Villejuif , France ; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 507 , Villejuif , France
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
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Loison E, Gougeon ML. Thimerosal compromises human dendritic cell maturation, IL-12 production, chemokine release, and T-helper polarization. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:2328-35. [PMID: 25424939 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Thimerosal is a preservative used in multidose vials of vaccine formulations to prevent bacterial and fungal contamination. We recently reported that nanomolar concentrations of thimerosal induce cell cycle arrest of human T cells activated via the TCR and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production, thus interfering with T-cell functions. Given the essential role of dendritic cells (DCs) in T-cell polarization and vaccine immunity, we studied the influence of non-toxic concentrations of thimerosal on DC maturation and functions. Ex-vivo exposure of human monocyte-derived DCs to nanomolar concentrations of thimerosal prevented LPS-induced DC maturation, as evidenced by the inhibition of morphological changes and a decreased expression of the maturation markers CD86 and HLA-DR. In addition thimerosal dampened their proinflammatory response, in particular the production of the Th1 polarizing cytokine IL-12, as well as TNF-α and IL-6. DC-dependent T helper polarization was altered, leading to a decreased production of IFN-γ IP10 and GM-CSF and increased levels of IL-8, IL-9, and MIP-1α. Although multi-dose vials of vaccines containing thimerosal remain important for vaccine delivery, our results alert about the ex-vivo immunomodulatory effects of thimerosal on DCs, a key player for the induction of an adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Loison
- a Institut Pasteur; Antiviral Immunity Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit; Infection and Epidemiology Department; Paris, France
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Dudek-Perić AM, Ferreira GB, Muchowicz A, Wouters J, Prada N, Martin S, Kiviluoto S, Winiarska M, Boon L, Mathieu C, van den Oord J, Stas M, Gougeon ML, Golab J, Garg AD, Agostinis P. Antitumor immunity triggered by melphalan is potentiated by melanoma cell surface-associated calreticulin. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1603-14. [PMID: 25762540 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapy generally has been considered immunosuppressive, but it has become evident that certain chemotherapeutic drugs elicit immunogenic danger signals in dying cancer cells that can incite protective antitumor immunity. In this study, we investigated whether locoregionally applied therapies, such as melphalan, used in limb perfusion for melanoma (Mel-ILP) produce related immunogenic effects. In human melanoma biopsies, Mel-ILP treatment upregulated IL1B, IL8, and IL6 associated with their release in patients' locoregional sera. Although induction of apoptosis in melanoma cells by melphalan in vitro did not elicit threshold levels of endoplasmic reticulum and reactive oxygen species stress associated with danger signals, such as induction of cell-surface calreticulin, prophylactic immunization and T-cell depletion experiments showed that melphalan administration in vivo could stimulate a CD8(+) T cell-dependent protective antitumor response. Interestingly, the vaccination effect was potentiated in combination with exogenous calreticulin, but not tumor necrosis factor, a cytokine often combined with Mel-ILP. Our results illustrate how melphalan triggers inflammatory cell death that can be leveraged by immunomodulators such as the danger signal calreticulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Dudek-Perić
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriela B Ferreira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angelika Muchowicz
- Department of Immunology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jasper Wouters
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Prada
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Shaun Martin
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Santeri Kiviluoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Magdalena Winiarska
- Department of Immunology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost van den Oord
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marguerite Stas
- Surgical Oncology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Mansiaux Y, Salez N, Lapidus N, Setbon M, Andreoletti L, Leruez-Ville M, Cauchemez S, Gougeon ML, Vély F, Schwarzinger M, Abel L, Delabre RM, Flahault A, de Lamballerie X, Carrat F. Causal analysis of H1N1pdm09 influenza infection risk in a household cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health 2014; 69:272-7. [PMID: 25416792 PMCID: PMC4345517 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2014-204678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Obtaining a comprehensive quantitative figure of the determinants of influenza infection will help identify priority targets for future influenza mitigation interventions. We developed an original causal model integrating highly diverse factors and their dependencies, to identify the most critical determinants of pandemic influenza infection (H1N1pdm09) during the 2010–2011 influenza season. Methods We used data from 601 households (1450 participants) included in a dedicated cohort. Structural equations were used to model direct and indirect relationships between infection and risk perception, compliance with preventive behaviours, social contacts, indoor and outdoor environment, sociodemographic factors and pre-epidemic host susceptibility. Standardised estimates (βstd) were used to assess the strength of associations (ranging from −1 for a completely negative association to 1 for a completely positive association). Results Host susceptibility to H1N1pdm09 and compliance with preventive behaviours were the only two factors directly associated with the infection risk (βstd=0.31 and βstd=−0.21). Compliance with preventive behaviours was influenced by risk perception and preventive measures perception (βstd=0.14 and βstd=0.27). The number and duration of social contacts were not associated with H1N1pdm09 infection. Conclusions Our findings suggest that influenza vaccination in addition to public health communication campaigns focusing on personal preventive measures should be prioritised as potentially efficient interventions to mitigate influenza epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Mansiaux
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Salez
- IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Nathanael Lapidus
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France Public Health Unit, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Michel Setbon
- IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", CNRS-Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Andreoletti
- Laboratoire de Virologie médicale et moléculaire Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU Reims, Reims, France Faculté de Médecine, EA 4684, Reims, France
| | - Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Laboratory of Virology, Hospital Necker-.Enfants-malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris APHP-University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Vély
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM, U1104, Marseille, France CNRS, UMR7280, Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, UM2, Marseille, France Service d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Michael Schwarzinger
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Paris, France IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France Translational Health Economics Network, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rosemary Markovic Delabre
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Flahault
- Centre Virchow-Villermé, Descartes, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Carrat
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France Public Health Unit, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
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Prada N, Antoni G, Commo F, Rusakiewicz S, Semeraro M, Boufassa F, Lambotte O, Meyer L, Gougeon ML, Zitvogel L. Analysis of NKp30/NCR3 isoforms in untreated HIV-1-infected patients from the ANRS SEROCO cohort. Oncoimmunology 2014; 2:e23472. [PMID: 23802087 PMCID: PMC3661172 DOI: 10.4161/onci.23472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a prominent role at the intersection between innate and cognate immunity, thus influencing the development of multiple pathological conditions including HIV-1-induced AIDS. Not only NK cells directly kill HIV-1-infected cells, but also control the maturation and/or elimination of dendritic cells (DCs). These functions are regulated by the delicate balance between activating and inhibiting receptors expressed at the NK-cell surface. Among the former, NKp30 has raised significant interest since the alternative splicing of its intracellular domain leads to differential effector functions, dictating the prognosis of patients bearing gastrointestinal sarcoma, and B7-H6 has recently been identified as its main ligand. Since NKp30 is downregulated in CD56-/CD16+ NK cells expanded in viremic, chronically infected HIV-1+ patients, we decided to investigate the predictive value of NKp30 splice variants for spontaneous disease progression in 89 therapy-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals enrolled in an historical cohort of patients followed since diagnosis (ANRS SEROCO cohort). We found no difference in the representation of NK-cell subsets (CD56bright, CD56dim, CD56neg) in HIV-1-infected patients as compared with healthy subjects. NKp30 downregulation was detected in CD56dim and CD56neg NK-cell subsets, yet this did not convey any prognostic value. None of the NKp30 isoforms did affect disease progression, as measured in terms of time-to-loss of circulating CD4+ T cells, time-to-AIDS-defining events and overall survival. NKp30 isoforms do not seem to play a major role in the outcome of HIV-1 infection, but the heterogeneity of the immuno-virological status of patients at enrollment could have to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Prada
- INSERM U1015; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; Institut Pasteur; Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit; Infection and Epidemiology Department; Paris, France
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Lafeuillade A, Wainberg M, Gougeon ML, Loes SKD, Halfon P, Tissot-Dupont H. Highlights from the 2014 International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID): from cART management to the end of the HIV pandemic. AIDS Res Ther 2014; 11:28. [PMID: 25165483 PMCID: PMC4145833 DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-11-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2014 International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID) provided a forum for investigators to hear the latest research developments in the clinical management of HIV and HCV infections as well as HIV cure research. Combined anti-retroviral therapy (c-ART) has had a profound impact on the disease prognosis and transformed this infection into a chronic disease. However, HIV is able to persist within the infected host and the pandemic is still growing. The main 2014 ISHEID theme was, hence "Together for a world without HIV and AIDS". In this report we not only give details on this main topic but also summarize what has been discussed in the areas of HCV coinfection and present a short summary on currently emerging viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Kinloch-de Loes
- Royal Free Center for HIV Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Philippe Halfon
- Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, European Hospital and Alphabio Laboratory, Marseille, France
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Saïdi H, Bras M, Formaglio P, Charbit B, Herbeuval JP, Gougeon ML. Innate sensing of viral infection by pDCs and regulation by IFN-α and HMGB1 of TRAIL expression on pDCs and NK cells. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4220873 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s2-o8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Loison E, Poirier-Beaudouin B, Seffer V, Paoletti A, Abitbol V, Tartour E, Launay O, Gougeon ML. Suppression by thimerosal of ex-vivo CD4+ T cell response to influenza vaccine and induction of apoptosis in primary memory T cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92705. [PMID: 24690681 PMCID: PMC3972181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thimerosal is a preservative used widely in vaccine formulations to prevent bacterial and fungal contamination in multidose vials of vaccine. Thimerosal was included in the multidose non-adjuvanted pandemic 2009 H1N1 vaccine Panenza. In the context of the analysis of the ex-vivo T cell responses directed against influenza vaccine, we discovered the in vitro toxicity Panenza, due to its content in thimerosal. Because thimerosal may skew the immune response to vaccines, we investigated in detail the ex-vivo effects of thimerosal on the fate and functions of T cells in response to TCR ligation. We report that ex-vivo exposure of quiescent or TCR-activated primary human T cells to thimerosal induced a dose-dependent apoptotic cell death associated with depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, generation of reactive oxygen species, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and caspase-3 activation. Moreover, exposure to non-toxic concentrations of thimerosal induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase of TCR-activated T cells, and inhibition of the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, IL-2, as well as the chemokine MCP1. No shift towards Th2 or Th17 cells was detected. Overall these results underline the proapoptotic effect of thimerosal on primary human lymphocytes at concentrations 100 times less to those contained in the multidose vaccine, and they reveal the inhibitory effect of this preservative on T-cell proliferation and functions at nanomolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Loison
- Antiviral Immunity Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Valérie Seffer
- Antiviral Immunity Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Vered Abitbol
- Gastroenterology Department, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- Inserm U970, Université Paris Descartes, PARCC/HEGP, Paris, France
| | - Odile Launay
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique BT-505, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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23
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Le Bourhis L, Dusseaux M, Bohineust A, Bessoles S, Martin E, Premel V, Coré M, Sleurs D, Serriari NE, Treiner E, Hivroz C, Sansonetti P, Gougeon ML, Soudais C, Lantz O. MAIT cells detect and efficiently lyse bacterially-infected epithelial cells. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003681. [PMID: 24130485 PMCID: PMC3795036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT) are innate T lymphocytes that detect a large variety of bacteria and yeasts. This recognition depends on the detection of microbial compounds presented by the evolutionarily conserved major-histocompatibility-complex (MHC) class I molecule, MR1. Here we show that MAIT cells display cytotoxic activity towards MR1 overexpressing non-hematopoietic cells cocultured with bacteria. The NK receptor, CD161, highly expressed by MAIT cells, modulated the cytokine but not the cytotoxic response triggered by bacteria infected cells. MAIT cells are also activated by and kill epithelial cells expressing endogenous levels of MRI after infection with the invasive bacteria Shigella flexneri. In contrast, MAIT cells were not activated by epithelial cells infected by Salmonella enterica Typhimurium. Finally, MAIT cells are activated in human volunteers receiving an attenuated strain of Shigella dysenteriae-1 tested as a potential vaccine. Thus, in humans, MAIT cells are the most abundant T cell subset able to detect and kill bacteria infected cells. Human Mucosa-Associated Invariant T cells (MAIT) detect microbe-derived compounds presented by the MHC-like molecule, MR1. These foreign antigens are produced by a wide variety of microbes, including commensal and pathogenic bacteria or yeasts. MAIT cells expend shortly after birth and constitute the major antibacterial T cell subset described and, hence, could play important roles in infectious diseases. Here we show that MAIT cells recognize epithelial cells infected by the intestinal pathogen Shigella flexneri in a process requiring endogenous MR1, while the closely related bacterium Salmonella Tyhpimurium is not. Upon recognition, infected epithelial cells are efficiently lysed by MAIT cells. We also show that the triggering of CD161, a natural killer receptor highly expressed by MAIT cells, can modulate the cytokine but not the cytotoxic function of these cells. Finally, we provide evidence that MAIT cells are activated during the course of an experimental enteric infection in humans. Our study provides important insight on the antibacterial function of MAIT cells and their interaction with pathogenic bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philippe Sansonetti
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, U786, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Immunité Antivirale, Biothérapies et Vaccins, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut curie, Inserm U932, Paris, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations CICBT507 IGR/Curie, Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée de la ligue de lutte contre le cancer, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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24
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Chauvat A, Benhamouda N, Gey A, Lemoine FM, Paulie S, Carrat F, Gougeon ML, Rozenberg F, Krivine A, Cherai M, Lehmann P, Quintin-Colonna F, Launay O, Tartour E. Clinical validation of IFNγ/IL-10 and IFNγ/IL-2 FluoroSpot assays for the detection of Tr1 T cells and influenza vaccine monitoring in humans. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 10:104-13. [PMID: 24084262 DOI: 10.4161/hv.26593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The type of T cell polarization and simultaneous production of multiple cytokines have been correlated with vaccine efficacy. ELISpot is a T cell detection technique optimized for the measurement of a secreted cytokine at the single cell level. The FluoroSpot assay differs from ELISpot by the use of multiple fluorescent-labeled anticytokine detection antibodies, allowing optimal measurement of multiple cytokines. In the present study, we show that an IFNγ/IL-10 FluoroSpot assay is more sensitive than flow cytometry to detect Tr1 regulatory T cells, an immunosuppressive T cell population characterized by the production of IL-10 and IFNγ. As many tolerogenic vaccines are designed to induce these Tr1 cells, this FluoroSpot test could represent a standard method for the detection of these cells in the future. The use of an IFNγ/IL-2 FluoroSpot assay during influenza vaccine monitoring showed that the influenza-specific IL-2-producing T-cell response was the dominant response both before and after vaccine administration. This study therefore questions the rationale of using the single-color IFNγ ELISpot as the standard technique to monitor vaccine-specific T-cell response. Using this same test, a trend was also observed between baseline levels of IFNγ T cell response and T cell vaccine response. In addition, a lower IFNγ+IL-2+ T-cell response after vaccine was observed in the group of patients treated with TNFα inhibitors (P=0.08). This study therefore supports the use of the FluoroSpot assay due to its robustness, versatility and the complementary information that it provides compared with ELISpot or flow cytometry to monitor vaccine-specific T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chauvat
- INSERM U970 ; Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité; Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'Immunologie Biologique; Paris, France; CTL-Europe GmbH; Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadine Benhamouda
- INSERM U970 ; Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité; Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'Immunologie Biologique; Paris, France
| | - Alain Gey
- INSERM U970 ; Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité; Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'Immunologie Biologique; Paris, France
| | - Francois M Lemoine
- Departement de Biothérapie; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de biothérapie 1001; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière et Univ Pierre et Marie Curie Paris; Paris, France
| | | | - Fabrice Carrat
- Epidemiology, Information System, Modeling; UMR-S 707; University Paris 6-UPMC; Paris, France; Inserm U707; Paris, France; Public Health Unit; Saint-Antoine Hospital; Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity; Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit; Infection and Epidemiology Department; Institut Pasteur; Paris, France
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Laboratoire de virologie; Hôpital Cochin; Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Paris, France
| | - Anne Krivine
- Laboratoire de virologie; Hôpital Cochin; Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP); Paris, France
| | - Mustapha Cherai
- Departement de Biothérapie; Centre d'Investigation Clinique de biothérapie 1001; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière et Univ Pierre et Marie Curie Paris; Paris, France
| | - Paul Lehmann
- Cellular Technology Limited; Shaker Heights, OH USA
| | | | - Odile Launay
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France; Inserm; CIC BT505; Paris, France; Hôpital Cochin; AP-HP CIC de Vaccinologie Cochin-Pasteur; Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970 ; Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité; Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Service d'Immunologie Biologique; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France; Inserm; CIC BT505; Paris, France
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Lapidus N, de Lamballerie X, Salez N, Setbon M, Delabre RM, Ferrari P, Moyen N, Gougeon ML, Vely F, Leruez-Ville M, Andreoletti L, Cauchemez S, Boëlle PY, Vivier E, Abel L, Schwarzinger M, Legeas M, Le Cann P, Flahault A, Carrat F. Factors associated with post-seasonal serological titer and risk factors for infection with the pandemic A/H1N1 virus in the French general population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60127. [PMID: 23613718 PMCID: PMC3629047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The CoPanFlu-France cohort of households was set up in 2009 to study the risk factors for infection by the pandemic influenza virus (H1N1pdm) in the French general population. The authors developed an integrative data-driven approach to identify individual, collective and environmental factors associated with the post-seasonal serological H1N1pdm geometric mean titer, and derived a nested case-control analysis to identify risk factors for infection during the first season. This analysis included 1377 subjects (601 households). The GMT for the general population was 47.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 45.1, 49.2). According to a multivariable analysis, pandemic vaccination, seasonal vaccination in 2009, recent history of influenza-like illness, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, social contacts at school and use of public transports by the local population were associated with a higher GMT, whereas history of smoking was associated with a lower GMT. Additionally, young age at inclusion and risk perception of exposure to the virus at work were identified as possible risk factors, whereas presence of an air humidifier in the living room was a possible protective factor. These findings will be interpreted in light of the longitudinal analyses of this ongoing cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Lapidus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, Paris, France.
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26
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Gougeon ML, Herbeuval JP. IFN-α and TRAIL: A double edge sword in HIV-1 disease? Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:1260-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Lapidus N, de Lamballerie X, Salez N, Setbon M, Ferrari P, Delabre RM, Gougeon ML, Vely F, Leruez-Ville M, Andreoletti L, Cauchemez S, Boëlle PY, Vivier E, Abel L, Schwarzinger M, Legeas M, Le Cann P, Flahault A, Carrat F. Integrative study of pandemic A/H1N1 influenza infections: design and methods of the CoPanFlu-France cohort. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:417. [PMID: 22676272 PMCID: PMC3461458 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of influenza infection depends on biological characteristics, individual or collective behaviors and the environmental context. The Cohorts for Pandemic Influenza (CoPanFlu) France study was set up in 2009 after the identification of the novel swine-origin A/H1N1 pandemic influenza virus. This cohort of 601 households (1450 subjects) representative for the general population aims at using an integrative approach to study the risk and characteristics of influenza infection as a complex combination of data collected from questionnaires regarding sociodemographic, medical, behavioral characteristics of subjects and indoor environment, using biological samples or environmental databases. METHODS/DESIGN Households were included between December 2009 and July 2010. The design of this study relies on systematic follow-up visits between influenza seasons and additional visits during influenza seasons, when an influenza-like illness is detected in a household via an active surveillance system. During systematic visits, a nurse collects individual and environmental data on questionnaires and obtains blood samples from all members of the household. When an influenza-like-illness is detected, a nurse visits the household three times during the 12 following days, and collects data on questionnaires regarding exposure and symptoms, and biological samples (including nasal swabs) from all subjects in the household. The end of the follow-up period is expected in fall 2012. DISCUSSION The large amount of data collected throughout the follow-up will permit a multidisciplinary study of influenza infections. Additional data is being collected and analyzed in this ongoing cohort. The longitudinal analysis of these households will permit integrative analyses of complex phenomena such as individual, collective and environmental risk factors of infection, routes of transmission, or determinants of the immune response to infection or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael Lapidus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Emergents, UMR-D 190, Aix-Marseille université and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Pôle hospitalier de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Salez
- Unité des Virus Emergents, UMR-D 190, Aix-Marseille université and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Setbon
- CNRS – LEST, UMR 6123 Université d’Aix-Marseille, Aix en Provence, France
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Ferrari
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Rosemary M Delabre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Vely
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée UM 631, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 631, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 6102, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 36-20 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Andreoletti
- Unité de Virologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Reims, France
- IFR 53/EA-4303 (DAT/PPCIDH), Faculté de Médecine, Reims, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modeling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Pierre-Yves Boëlle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Unité de Santé Publique, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée UM 631, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 631, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 6102, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA 36-20 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 550, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michaël Schwarzinger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 912, Marseille, France
- Université Aix Marseille, IRD, UMR-S912, Marseille, France
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé PACA, Marseille, France
| | - Michèle Legeas
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Le Cann
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Flahault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Rennes, France
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Carrat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, F-75012 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Unité de Santé Publique, F-75012 Paris, France
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Bras M, Saidi H, Formaglio P, Melki MT, Gougeon ML. Emergence of IFN-alpha TRAIL-expressing killer pDCs (IKpDCs) as a consequence of a crosstalk with NK cells. Influence of HIV-1 infection and implication of HMGB1. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3360437 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s1-p15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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Chauvat A, Benhamouda N, Loison E, Gougeon ML, Gey A, Levionnois E, Ravel P, Abitbol V, Roncelin S, Marcheteau E, Quintin-Colonna F, Fridman WH, Launay O, Tartour E. Pitfalls in anti-influenza T cell detection by Elispot using thimerosal containing pandemic H1N1 vaccine as antigen. J Immunol Methods 2012; 378:81-7. [PMID: 22366633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring T cells in combination with humoral response may be of value to predict clinical protection and cross-protective immunity after influenza vaccination. Elispot technique which measures cytokine produced after antigen-specific T cell stimulation is used routinely to detect and characterize anti-viral T cells. We found that the preservative thimerosal present in most H1N1 pandemic vaccines, induced in vitro abortive activation of T cells followed by cell death leading to false-positive results with the Elispot technique. The size of the spots, usually not measured in routine analysis, appears to be a discriminative criterion to detect this bias. Multi-dose vials of vaccine containing thimerosal remain important for vaccine delivery and our results alert about false-positive results of Elispot to monitor the clinical efficacy of these vaccines. We showed that this finding extends for other T cell monitoring techniques based on cytokine production such as ELISA. Although measuring in vitro immune response using the whole vaccine used for human immunization directly reflects in vivo global host response to the vaccine, the present study strongly supports the use of individual vaccine components for immune monitoring due to the presence of contaminants, such as thimerosal, leading to a bias in interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chauvat
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris, France
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30
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Cole DK, Gallagher K, Lemercier B, Holland CJ, Junaid S, Hindley JP, Wynn KK, Gostick E, Sewell AK, Gallimore AM, Ladell K, Price DA, Gougeon ML, Godkin A. Modification of the carboxy-terminal flanking region of a universal influenza epitope alters CD4⁺ T-cell repertoire selection. Nat Commun 2012; 3:665. [PMID: 22314361 PMCID: PMC3293629 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human CD4+ αβ T cells are activated via T-cell receptor recognition of peptide epitopes presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (MHC-II). The open ends of the MHC-II binding groove allow peptide epitopes to extend beyond a central nonamer core region at both the amino- and carboxy-terminus. We have previously found that these non-bound C-terminal residues can alter T cell activation in an MHC allele-transcending fashion, although the mechanism for this effect remained unclear. Here we show that modification of the C-terminal peptide-flanking region of an influenza hemagglutinin (HA305−320) epitope can alter T-cell receptor binding affinity, T-cell activation and repertoire selection of influenza-specific CD4+ T cells expanded from peripheral blood. These data provide the first demonstration that changes in the C-terminus of the peptide-flanking region can substantially alter T-cell receptor binding affinity, and indicate a mechanism through which peptide flanking residues could influence repertoire selection. Epitopes presented by MHC-II molecules bind to T-cell receptors to activate CD4+ T cells. In this study, changes in the carboxy-terminal region of the influenza hemagglutinin epitope HA305-320 alters the strength of binding to the T-cell receptor, thus modulating T-cell receptor usage and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Cole
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, The Henry Wellcome Building, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
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31
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Séror C, Melki MT, Subra F, Raza SQ, Bras M, Saïdi H, Nardacci R, Voisin L, Paoletti A, Law F, Martins I, Amendola A, Abdul-Sater AA, Ciccosanti F, Delelis O, Niedergang F, Thierry S, Said-Sadier N, Lamaze C, Métivier D, Estaquier J, Fimia GM, Falasca L, Casetti R, Modjtahedi N, Kanellopoulos J, Mouscadet JF, Ojcius DM, Piacentini M, Gougeon ML, Kroemer G, Perfettini JL. Extracellular ATP acts on P2Y2 purinergic receptors to facilitate HIV-1 infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 208:1823-34. [PMID: 21859844 PMCID: PMC3171090 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can activate purinergic receptors of the plasma membrane and modulate multiple cellular functions. We report that ATP is released from HIV-1 target cells through pannexin-1 channels upon interaction between the HIV-1 envelope protein and specific target cell receptors. Extracellular ATP then acts on purinergic receptors, including P2Y2, to activate proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) kinase and transient plasma membrane depolarization, which in turn stimulate fusion between Env-expressing membranes and membranes containing CD4 plus appropriate chemokine co-receptors. Inhibition of any of the constituents of this cascade (pannexin-1, ATP, P2Y2, and Pyk2) impairs the replication of HIV-1 mutant viruses that are resistant to conventional antiretroviral agents. Altogether, our results reveal a novel signaling pathway involved in the early steps of HIV-1 infection that may be targeted with new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Séror
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U848, F-94805 Villejuif, France
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32
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Agrati C, D'Offizi G, Gougeon ML, Malkovsky M, Sacchi A, Casetti R, Bordoni V, Cimini E, Martini F. Innate gamma/delta T-cells during HIV infection: Terra relatively Incognita in novel vaccination strategies? AIDS Rev 2011; 13:3-12. [PMID: 21412385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite a long-lasting global effort, the Holy Grail quest for a protective vaccine, able to confer prevention to HIV infection, did not reach the hoped for results, nor seems able to do so in the near future. Since mucosal surfaces of the host serve as the main entry point for HIV, it seems now logical to switch from a systemic to a localized view of events, in order to reveal critical steps useful in designing new and different vaccination strategies. In this context, the recent description of the very early phases of infection, from the eclipse to the viremia peak phase, seems to define a point-of-no-return threshold after which the main HIV infection steps, i.e. the massive destruction of the CD4+CCR5+ cell pool, the destruction of the mucosal physical barrier, and the establishment of reservoir sanctuaries, have already been accomplished. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms, the timing, and the consequences of evasion mechanisms exploited by HIV are still under scrutiny. Innate immunity, as part of a rapid lymphoid stress surveillance system, is known to play a central role in host responses to many infectious agents. In particular, Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells are able to quickly respond to danger signals without the need for classical major histocompatibility complex presentation, and may act as a bridge between innate and acquired arms of immune response, being able to kill infected/transformed cells, release antimicrobial soluble factors, and increase the deployment of other innate and acquired responses. Many experimental evidences suggest a direct role of circulating Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells during HIV disease. They may exert a direct anti-HIV role by secreting chemokines competing for HIV entry coreceptors as well as other soluble antiviral factors, and by killing infected cells by cytotoxic natural killer-like mechanisms. Moreover, they were found progressively depleted and anergic in advanced stages of HIV disease, this effect being directly linked to uncontrolled HIV replication. Scarce evidences are available on the involvement of mucosal gamma/delta T-cells during the early phases of HIV infection. In particular, the relative cause/effect links between HIV infection, destruction of the mucosal physical barrier, nonspecific activation of the immune system, and mucosal innate cell activation and effector functions, are still not completely defined. In order to attain an effective manipulation of innate immune cells, aiming at the induction of an effective adaptive immunity against HIV, any information on the role of mucosal antiviral factors and innate immune cells will be very important. The aim of this review is to summarize the information on the role of gamma/delta T-cells during HIV infection, from the general circulating population to mucosal sites, in order to better describe areas deserving increased attention. In particular, strategies enhancing gamma/delta T-cell functions may open the possibility to formulate new immunotherapeutic regimens, which could impact the improvement of immune control of HIV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agrati
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Rizzi M, Knoth R, Hampe CS, Lorenz P, Gougeon ML, Lemercier B, Venhoff N, Ferrera F, Salzer U, Thiesen HJ, Peter HH, Walker UA, Eibel H. Long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells produce pathogenic anti-GAD65 autoantibodies in Stiff Person Syndrome. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10838. [PMID: 20520773 PMCID: PMC2877104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare, neurological disorder characterized by sudden cramps and spasms. High titers of enzyme-inhibiting IgG autoantibodies against the 65 kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) are a hallmark of SPS, implicating an autoimmune component in the pathology of the syndrome. Studying the B cell compartment and the anti-GAD65 B cell response in two monozygotic twins suffering from SPS, who were treated with the B cell-depleting monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab, we found that the humoral autoimmune response in SPS is composed of a rituximab-sensitive part that is rapidly cleared after treatment, and a rituximab-resistant component, which persists and acts as a reservoir for autoantibodies inhibiting GAD65 enzyme activity. Our data show that these potentially pathogenic anti-GAD65 autoantibodies are secreted by long-lived plasma cells, which may either be persistent or develop from rituximab-resistant memory B lymphocytes. Both subsets represent only a fraction of anti-GAD65 autoantibody secreting cells. Therefore, the identification and targeting of this compartment is a key factor for successful treatment planning of SPS and of similar autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rizzi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Clinical Research Unit for Rheumatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Knoth
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christiane S. Hampe
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Peter Lorenz
- Institute of Immunology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Lemercier
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
| | - Nils Venhoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ferrera
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Ulrich Salzer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Hartmut Peter
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich A. Walker
- Department of Rheumatology at Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Clinical Research Unit for Rheumatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Melki MT, Saïdi H, Gougeon ML. NK-dependent survival of HIV-1 infected DCs. Pivotal role of HMGB1. Retrovirology 2010. [PMCID: PMC3316061 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-s1-o6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Melki MT, Saïdi H, Dufour A, Olivo-Marin JC, Gougeon ML. Escape of HIV-1-infected dendritic cells from TRAIL-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity during NK-DC cross-talk--a pivotal role of HMGB1. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000862. [PMID: 20419158 PMCID: PMC2855334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early stages of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infection are associated with local recruitment and activation of important effectors of innate immunity, i.e. natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Immature DCs (iDCs) capture HIV-1 through specific receptors and can disseminate the infection to lymphoid tissues following their migration, which is associated to a maturation process. This process is dependent on NK cells, whose role is to keep in check the quality and the quantity of DCs undergoing maturation. If DC maturation is inappropriate, NK cells will kill them (“editing process”) at sites of tissue inflammation, thus optimizing the adaptive immunity. In the context of a viral infection, NK-dependent killing of infected-DCs is a crucial event required for early elimination of infected target cells. Here, we report that NK-mediated editing of iDCs is impaired if DCs are infected with HIV-1. We first addressed the question of the mechanisms involved in iDC editing, and we show that cognate NK-iDC interaction triggers apoptosis via the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-Death Receptor 4 (DR4) pathway and not via the perforin pathway. Nevertheless, once infected with HIV-1, DCHIV become resistant to NK-induced TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. This resistance occurs despite normal amounts of TRAIL released by NK cells and comparable DR4 expression on DCHIV. The escape of DCHIV from NK killing is due to the upregulation of two anti-apoptotic molecules, the cellular-Flice like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (c-IAP2), induced by NK-DCHIV cognate interaction. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an alarmin and a key mediator of NK-DC cross-talk, was found to play a pivotal role in NK-dependent upregulation of c-FLIP and c-IAP2 in DCHIV. Finally, we demonstrate that restoration of DCHIV susceptibility to NK-induced TRAIL killing can be obtained either by silencing c-FLIP and c-IAP2 by specific siRNA, or by inhibiting HMGB1 with blocking antibodies or glycyrrhizin, arguing for a key role of HMGB1 in TRAIL resistance and DCHIV survival. These findings provide evidence for a new strategy developed by HIV to escape immune attack, they challenge the question of the involvement of HMGB1 in the establishment of viral reservoirs in DCs, and they identify potential therapeutic targets to eliminate infected DCs. Dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen presenting cells, are critical for host immunity by inducing specific immune responses against a broad variety of pathogens. Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) has evolved ways to exploit DCs, thereby facilitating viral dissemination and allowing evasion of antiviral immunity. In particular, infected DCs may function as cellular reservoirs for HIV-1, thus contributing to viral persistence in lymphoid tissues. The mechanisms involved in the constitution of HIV reservoirs in DCs are poorly understood. In this study, we reveal that DCs infected with HIV-1 (DCHIV) become resistant to killing by natural killer (NK) cells, early effectors of innate immunity involved in the destruction of virus infected cells or cancer cells. This protection of DCHIV from NK cytotoxicity is induced through a cross-talk between NK cells and DCHIV, which induces the upregulation in DCHIV of two inhibitors of cell death, i.e. cellular-Flice like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (c-IAP2). The molecule responsible for the induction of these inhibitors is High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an alarmin involved in the functional maturation of DCs. Blocking HMGB1 restores DCHIV susceptibility to NK cell killing, arguing for a key role of HMGB1 in the persistence of DCHIV. These findings provide evidence of the crucial role of NK-DC cross-talk in promoting viral persistence, and they identify potential therapeutic targets to eliminate infected DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Thérèse Melki
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
| | - Héla Saïdi
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Dufour
- Institut Pasteur, Quantitative Image Analysis Unit, CNRS URA 2582, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Molina JM, Levy Y, Fournier I, Hamonic S, Bentata M, Beck-Wirth G, Gougeon ML, Venet A, Madelaine I, Sereni D, Jeanblanc F, Boulet T, Simon F, Aboulker JP. Interleukin-2 before antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection: a randomized trial (ANRS 119). J Infect Dis 2009; 200:206-15. [PMID: 19508157 DOI: 10.1086/599989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-2 increases CD4 T cell counts when combined with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Whether IL-2 alone can increase CD4 cell counts is unknown. METHODS A total of 130 adults who had a CD4 cell count of 300-500 cells/microL (and, thus, were not eligible to receive ART) were randomized to receive either intermittent IL-2 therapy or no treatment. The primary end point was a drop in CD4 cell count to <300 cells/microL, initiation of ART, the occurrence of an AIDS-defining event, or death. RESULTS Through week 96, 35% of the patients in the IL-2 arm and 59% in the control arm reached the primary end point (P = .008). Median changes from baseline in the IL-2 and control arms were +51 and -64 cells/microL, respectively, for CD4 cell count (P < .001) and were +0.02 and +0.04 log(10) copies/mL, respectively, for plasma viral load (P = .93). Among patients with a baseline viral load <4.5 log(10) copies/mL, 64% in the IL-2 arm and 10% in the control arm did not reach the primary end point through week 150 (P < .001), and the time to ART initiation was deferred by 92 weeks in the IL-2 arm. The incidences of an AIDS-defining event, death, and grade 3 or 4 adverse events were similar between study arms. CONCLUSION IL-2 increased CD4 cell counts without affecting HIV replication and allowed the initiation of ART to be deferred. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00120185 .
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Thèze J, Leclercq L, Gougeon ML. T Helper Cell Control of B Cell Development and Isotype Expression. Int Rev Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/08830188609056606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Foreman AL, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Gougeon ML, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Gougeon ML. VH gene usage and CDR3 analysis of B cell receptor in the peripheral blood of patients with PBC. Autoimmunity 2009; 41:80-6. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930701619656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Legrand F, Driss V, Woerly G, Loiseau S, Hermann E, Fournié JJ, Héliot L, Mattot V, Soncin F, Gougeon ML, Dombrowicz D, Capron M. A functional gammadeltaTCR/CD3 complex distinct from gammadeltaT cells is expressed by human eosinophils. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5926. [PMID: 19536290 PMCID: PMC2693924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophils are effector cells during parasitic infections and allergic responses. However, their contribution to innate immunity has been only recently unravelled. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we show that human eosinophils express CD3 and gammadelta T Cell Receptor (TCR) but not alphabeta TCR. Surface expression of gammadeltaTCR/CD3 is heterogeneous between eosinophil donors and inducible by mycobacterial ligands. Surface immunoprecipitation revealed expression of the full gammadeltaTCR/CD3 complex. Real-time PCR amplification for CD3, gamma and delta TCR constant regions transcripts showed a significantly lower expression in eosinophils than in gammadeltaT cells. Limited TCR rearrangements occur in eosinophils as shown by spectratyping analysis of CDR3 length profiles and in situ hybridization. Release by eosinophils of Reactive Oxygen Species, granule proteins, Eosinophil Peroxidase and Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin and cytokines (IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) was observed following activation by gammadeltaTCR-specific agonists or by mycobacteria. These effects were inhibited by anti-gammadeltaTCR blocking antibodies and antagonists. Moreover, gammadeltaTCR/CD3 was involved in eosinophil cytotoxicity against tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results provide evidence that human eosinophils express a functional gammadeltaTCR/CD3 with similar, but not identical, characteristics to gammadeltaTCR from gammadeltaT cells. We propose that this receptor contributes to eosinophil innate responses against mycobacteria and tumors and may represent an additional link between lymphoid and myeloid lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Legrand
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Virginie Driss
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gaëtane Woerly
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Loiseau
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Hermann
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Laurent Héliot
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- CNRS UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Virginie Mattot
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- CNRS UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Soncin
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- CNRS UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - David Dombrowicz
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Monique Capron
- Inserm U547, Lille, France
- Université Lille - Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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Launay O, Sadorge C, Jolly N, Poirier B, Béchet S, van der Vliet D, Seffer V, Fenner N, Dowling K, Giemza R, Johnson J, Ndiaye A, Vray M, Sansonetti P, Morand P, Poyart C, Lewis D, Gougeon ML. Safety and immunogenicity of SC599, an oral live attenuated Shigella dysenteriae type-1 vaccine in healthy volunteers: results of a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Vaccine 2009; 27:1184-91. [PMID: 19135496 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
SC599 vaccine is a live Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain attenuated by deletion of invasion [icsA], iron chelation [ent, fep] and shiga toxin A subunit [stxA] genes. In a preliminary Phase 1 single dose prospective study, we showed that SC599 vaccine was well tolerated, and the maximum tolerable dose was greater than 10(8) CFU [Sadorge C, Ndiaye A, Beveridge N, Frazer S, Giemza R, Jolly N, et al. Phase 1 clinical trial of live attenuated Shigella dysenteriae type-1 DeltaicsA Deltaent Deltafep DeltastxA:HgR oral vaccine SC599 in healthy human adult volunteers. Vaccine 2008; 26(7):978-8]. In this Phase 2 trial, three groups of volunteers ingested a single dose of SC599 [10(5) CFU, n=38; 10(7) CFU, n=36] or placebo [n=37]. Both 10(5) and 10(7) CFU doses were immunogenic, inducing significant IgA and IgG LPS-specific ASCs and antibody responses, comparable in magnitude to those of other strains that prevented illness following experimental challenge. In the intention to treat analysis, 34.2% and 44.4% IgA ASC responders were detected in the 10(5) and 10(7) CFU groups respectively (p<0001 vs placebo for both groups), as well as 31.6% and 33.3% serum IgA responders (p<001 and p<0.001 vs placebo for 10(5) and 10(7) CFU groups, respectively). No difference between the two vaccine groups was observed. No stxB-specific antibody response was detected in the vaccines. SC599 excretion occurred in 23.7 and 30.6% of subjects in the 10(5) and 10(7) CFU groups, respectively. SC599 vaccine was well tolerated, and the reported adverse events were mainly digestive. These results indicate that a single oral immunization of SC599 vaccine elicits a significant circulating IgA ASC and serum antibody response that may confer protection against the most severe symptoms of Shigellosis in responders to the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Launay
- Université Paris Descartes, INSERM, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CIC de Vaccinologie Cochin Pasteur (CIC BT505), Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France
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Bristeau-Leprince A, Mateo V, Lim A, Magerus-Chatinet A, Solary E, Fischer A, Rieux-Laucat F, Gougeon ML. Human TCR alpha/beta+ CD4-CD8- double-negative T cells in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome express restricted Vbeta TCR diversity and are clonally related to CD8+ T cells. J Immunol 2008; 181:440-8. [PMID: 18566410 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral expansion of alpha/beta+-CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) T cells in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a consistent feature of this disease, and part of the diagnostic criteria of ALPS. The origin of these cells remains undetermined. They could derive from mature T cells that have lost coreceptor expression, or represent a special minor cell lineage. To investigate relationship of DN and single positive (SP) T cells in ALPS, we used Immunoscope technology to analyze the TCRVbeta repertoire diversity of sorted DN and SP T cells, and we performed CDR3 sequence analyses of matching clonotypes. We show that DN T cells express all the Vbeta gene families that are used by their SP counterparts, though they dominantly use some Vbeta genes. Analysis of CDR3 length distribution revealed a diverse polyclonal TCR repertoire for sorted CD4+ T cells, whereas both DN and CD8+ T cells showed a skewed TCR repertoire with oligoclonal expansions throughout most of the Vbeta families. CDR3 sequencing of matching clonotypes revealed a significant sharing of CDR3 sequences from selected Vbeta-Jbeta transcripts between DN and CD8+ T cells. Altogether, these data strongly argue for a CD8 origin of DN T cells in ALPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bristeau-Leprince
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Perfettini JL, Nardacci R, Bourouba M, Subra F, Gros L, Séror C, Manic G, Rosselli F, Amendola A, Masdehors P, Chessa L, Novelli G, Ojcius DM, Siwicki JK, Chechlinska M, Auclair C, Regueiro JR, de Thé H, Gougeon ML, Piacentini M, Kroemer G. Critical involvement of the ATM-dependent DNA damage response in the apoptotic demise of HIV-1-elicited syncytia. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2458. [PMID: 18560558 PMCID: PMC2423469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage can activate the oncosuppressor protein ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which phosphorylates the histone H2AX within characteristic DNA damage foci. Here, we show that ATM undergoes an activating phosphorylation in syncytia elicited by the envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in vitro. This was accompanied by aggregation of ATM in discrete nuclear foci that also contained phospho-histone H2AX. DNA damage foci containing phosphorylated ATM and H2AX were detectable in syncytia present in the brain or lymph nodes from patients with HIV-1 infection, as well as in a fraction of blood leukocytes, correlating with viral status. Knockdown of ATM or of its obligate activating factor NBS1 (Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 protein), as well as pharmacological inhibition of ATM with KU-55933, inhibited H2AX phosphorylation and prevented Env-elicited syncytia from undergoing apoptosis. ATM was found indispensable for the activation of MAP kinase p38, which catalyzes the activating phosphorylation of p53 on serine 46, thereby causing p53 dependent apoptosis. Both wild type HIV-1 and an HIV-1 mutant lacking integrase activity induced syncytial apoptosis, which could be suppressed by inhibiting ATM. HIV-1-infected T lymphoblasts from patients with inactivating ATM or NBS1 mutations also exhibited reduced syncytial apoptosis. Altogether these results indicate that apoptosis induced by a fusogenic HIV-1 Env follows a pro-apoptotic pathway involving the sequential activation of ATM, p38MAPK and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Nardacci
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Frédéric Subra
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - Laurent Gros
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - Claire Séror
- INSERM U848, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwenola Manic
- INSERM U848, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Alessandra Amendola
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Rome, Italy
| | - Peggy Masdehors
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Luciana Chessa
- II Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnosing Imaging, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - David M. Ojcius
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Jan Konrad Siwicki
- Department of Immunology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chechlinska
- Department of Immunology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christian Auclair
- CNRS UMR 8113 LBPA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | - José R. Regueiro
- Imunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugues de Thé
- CNRS UPR 9051, Université de Paris VII, Hôpital St. Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM U848, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- * E-mail:
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Fazilleau N, Bachelez H, Gougeon ML, Viguier M. Cutting edge: size and diversity of CD4+CD25high Foxp3+ regulatory T cell repertoire in humans: evidence for similarities and partial overlapping with CD4+CD25- T cells. J Immunol 2007; 179:3412-6. [PMID: 17785774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Both differentiation and function of CD4+CD25(high) naturally arising regulatory T cells (Treg), which play a key role in the control of autoimmunity, are thought to depend on TCR specificity. In the present study, we comparatively measured the alphabetaTCR repertoire sizes of human peripheral blood Treg and CD4+CD25- T cells by using a methodology based on PCR amplification and sequencing analysis. We show that Treg use a large unrestricted alphabeta TCR repertoire, the size and diversity of which are closely similar to those of CD4+CD25- T cells, with a mean estimated size of 3.5 x 10(6) distinct alphabeta TCR vs 4.7 x 10(6) distinct alphabetaTCR for CD4+CD25- T cells. In addition, a 24% overlap between the repertoires of these two CD4+ subsets in the periphery is found. These data emphasize the intersection between naturally occurring Treg and effector T cell peripheral repertoires and provide new insights into the ontogeny of Treg in humans.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Separation
- Cell Size
- Clone Cells
- Cloning, Molecular
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Humans
- Immunosuppression Therapy
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/deficiency
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fazilleau
- Unité de Recherche et d'Expertise Immunité Anti-virale, Biothérapie et Vaccins, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U668, Institut Pasteur, France.
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44
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Joly P, Mouquet H, Roujeau JC, D'Incan M, Gilbert D, Jacquot S, Gougeon ML, Bedane C, Muller R, Dreno B, Doutre MS, Delaporte E, Pauwels C, Franck N, Caux F, Picard C, Tancrede-Bohin E, Bernard P, Tron F, Hertl M, Musette P. A single cycle of rituximab for the treatment of severe pemphigus. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:545-52. [PMID: 17687130 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa067752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of multiple cycles of rituximab and intravenous immune globulins has been reported to be effective in patients with severe pemphigus. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a single cycle of rituximab in severe types of pemphigus. METHODS We studied 21 patients with pemphigus whose disease had not responded to an 8-week course of 1.5 mg of prednisone per kilogram of body weight per day (corticosteroid-refractory disease), who had had at least two relapses despite doses of prednisone higher than 20 mg per day (corticosteroid-dependent disease), or who had severe contraindications to corticosteroids. The patients were treated with four weekly infusions of 375 mg of rituximab per square meter of body-surface area. The primary end point was complete remission 3 months after the end of rituximab treatment; complete remission was defined as epithelialization of all skin and mucosal lesions. RESULTS Eighteen of 21 patients (86%; 95% confidence interval, 64 to 97%) had a complete remission at 3 months. The disease relapsed in nine patients after a mean of 18.9+/-7.9 months. After a median follow-up of 34 months, 18 patients (86%) were free of disease, including 8 who were not receiving corticosteroids; the mean prednisone dose decreased from 94.0+/-10.2 to 12.0+/-7.5 mg per day (P=0.04) in patients with corticosteroid-refractory disease and from 29.1+/-12.4 to 10.9+/-16.5 mg per day (P=0.007) in patients with corticosteroid-dependent disease. Pyelonephritis developed in one patient 12 months after rituximab treatment, and one patient died of septicemia 18 months after rituximab treatment. These patients had a profound decrease in the number of circulating B lymphocytes but normal serum levels of IgG. CONCLUSIONS A single cycle of rituximab is an effective treatment for pemphigus. Because of its potentially severe side effects, its use should be limited to the most severe types of the disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00213512 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
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45
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Marrella V, Poliani PL, Casati A, Rucci F, Frascoli L, Gougeon ML, Lemercier B, Bosticardo M, Ravanini M, Battaglia M, Roncarolo MG, Cavazzana-Calvo M, Facchetti F, Notarangelo LD, Vezzoni P, Grassi F, Villa A. A hypomorphic R229Q Rag2 mouse mutant recapitulates human Omenn syndrome. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:1260-9. [PMID: 17476358 PMCID: PMC1857243 DOI: 10.1172/jci30928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rag enzymes are the main players in V(D)J recombination, the process responsible for rearrangement of TCR and Ig genes. Hypomorphic Rag mutations in humans, which maintain partial V(D)J activity, cause a peculiar SCID associated with autoimmune-like manifestations, Omenn syndrome (OS). Although a deficient ability to sustain thymopoiesis and to produce a diverse T and B cell repertoire explains the increased susceptibility to severe infections, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the spectrum of clinical and immunological features of OS remain poorly defined. In order to better define the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of OS, we generated a knockin murine model carrying the Rag2 R229Q mutation previously described in several patients with OS and leaky forms of SCID. These Rag2(R229Q/R229Q) mice showed oligoclonal T cells, absence of circulating B cells, and peripheral eosinophilia. In addition, activated T cells infiltrated gut and skin, causing diarrhea, alopecia, and, in some cases, severe erythrodermia. These findings were associated with reduced thymic expression of Aire and markedly reduced numbers of naturally occurring Tregs and NKT lymphocytes. In conclusion, Rag2(R229Q/R229Q) mice mimicked most symptoms of human OS; our findings support the notion that impaired immune tolerance and defective immune regulation are involved in the pathophysiology of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Marrella
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Casati
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francesca Rucci
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Frascoli
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-Lise Gougeon
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brigitte Lemercier
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marita Bosticardo
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Ravanini
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Grazia Roncarolo
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marina Cavazzana-Calvo
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fabio Facchetti
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paolo Vezzoni
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fabio Grassi
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Villa
- Human Genome Department, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, CNR, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Department of Pathology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy, and Vaccine Unit, INSERM 668, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.
INSERM U768, Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Division of Immunology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Fazilleau N, Delarasse C, Motta I, Fillatreau S, Gougeon ML, Kourilsky P, Pham-Dinh D, Kanellopoulos JM. T cell repertoire diversity is required for relapses in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol 2007; 178:4865-75. [PMID: 17404267 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.8.4865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of TCRalphabeta repertoires of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific T lymphocytes in C57BL/6 and TdT-deficient littermates (TdT(-/-)) generated during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) highlights a link between a diversified TCRalphabeta repertoire and EAE relapses. At the onset of the disease, the EAE-severity is identical in TdT(+/-) and TdT(-/-) mice and the neuropathologic public MOG-specific T cell repertoires express closely similar public Valpha-Jalpha and Vbeta-Jbeta rearrangements in both strains. However, whereas TdT(+/+) and TdT(+/-) mice undergo successive EAE relapses, TdT(-/-) mice recover definitively and the lack of relapses does not stem from dominant regulatory mechanisms. During the first relapse of the disease in TdT(+/-) mice, new public Valpha-Jalpha and Vbeta-Jbeta rearrangements emerge that are distinct from those detected at the onset of the disease. Most of these rearrangements contain N additions and are found in CNS-infiltrating T lymphocytes. Furthermore, CD4(+) T splenocytes bearing these rearrangements proliferate to the immunodominant epitope of MOG and not to other immunodominant epitopes of proteolipid protein and myelin basic protein autoantigens, excluding epitope spreading to these myelin proteins. Thus, in addition to epitope spreading, a novel mechanism involving TCRalphabeta repertoire diversification contributes to autoimmune progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fazilleau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 277, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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47
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Foreman AL, Van de Water J, Gougeon ML, Gershwin ME. B cells in autoimmune diseases: insights from analyses of immunoglobulin variable (Ig V) gene usage. Autoimmun Rev 2007; 6:387-401. [PMID: 17537385 PMCID: PMC2094701 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases has not been fully elucidated. It is also unclear whether breaking of B cell tolerance in patients with autoimmune diseases is due to underlying defects in the molecular mechanisms involved in the arrangement of antibody genes or deficiencies in the subsequent selective influences that shape the antibody repertoire. Analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig) variable (V) gene usage is beginning to provide answers to some of these questions. Such analyses have identified some differences in the basic Ig V gene repertoire of patients with autoimmune diseases compared to healthy controls, even though none of these differences can be considered major. Defects in positive and negative selection, mutational targeting and, in some cases, receptor editing have also been detected. In addition, analysis of Ig V gene usage in target organs and tissues of patients with autoimmune diseases has clearly demonstrated that there is a highly compartmentalized clonal expansion of B cells driven by a limited number of antigens in these tissues. Great progress has been made in the structural and functional characterization of disease-associated antibodies, largely because of the development of the combinatorial library technique. Use of antibodies generated by this technique offers great promise in identifying B cell epitopes on known target antigens and in gaining greater insights into the pathogenic role of B cells in both B and T cell mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lee Foreman
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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48
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Thomas DY, Jarraud S, Lemercier B, Cozon G, Echasserieau K, Etienne J, Gougeon ML, Lina G, Vandenesch F. Staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins U2 and V, two new staphylococcal superantigens arising from recombination within the enterotoxin gene cluster. Infect Immun 2006; 74:4724-34. [PMID: 16861660 PMCID: PMC1539601 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00132-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) can generate new enterotoxin genes by recombination, we analyzed the egc locus in a broad panel of 666 clinical isolates of S. aureus. egc was present in 63% of isolates, confirming its high prevalence. The archetypal organization of the egc locus, consisting of five enterotoxin genes plus two pseudogenes, was found in 409 of 421 egc-positive strains. The egc locus was incomplete in a few strains and occasionally harbored an insertion sequence and transposase genes. These strains may represent evolutionary intermediates of the egc locus. One strain with an atypical egc locus produced two new enterotoxins, designated SElV and SElU2, generated by (i) recombination between selm and sei, producing selv, and (ii) a limited deletion in the varphient1-varphient2 pseudogenes, producing selu2. Recombinant SElV and SElU2 had superantigen activity, as they specifically activated the T-cell families Vbeta 6, Vbeta 18, and Vbeta 21 (SElV) and Vbeta 13.2 and Vbeta 14 (SElU2). Immunoscope analysis showed a Gaussian CDR3 size distribution of T-cell receptor Vbeta chain junctional transcripts of expanded Vbeta subsets in toxin-stimulated cultures, reflecting a high level of polyclonality. These data show that egc is indeed capable of generating new superantigen genes through recombination.
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49
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de Villartay JP, Lim A, Al-Mousa H, Dupont S, Déchanet-Merville J, Coumau-Gatbois E, Gougeon ML, Lemainque A, Eidenschenk C, Jouanguy E, Abel L, Casanova JL, Fischer A, Le Deist F. A novel immunodeficiency associated with hypomorphic RAG1 mutations and CMV infection. J Clin Invest 2006; 115:3291-9. [PMID: 16276422 PMCID: PMC1265866 DOI: 10.1172/jci25178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2005] [Accepted: 08/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphic mutations in the recombination activating genes RAG1 and RAG2 have been reported to cause T- B- SCID, whereas hypomorphic mutations led to the expansion of a few autoimmune T cell clones responsible for the Omenn syndrome phenotype. We report here a novel clinical and immunological phenotype associated with recessive RAG1 hypomorphic mutations in 4 patients from 4 different families. The immunological phenotype consists of the oligoclonal expansion of TCR gammadelta T cells combined with TCR alphabeta T cell lymphopenia. The clinical phenotype consists of severe, disseminated CMV infection and autoimmune blood cell manifestations. Repertoire studies suggest that CMV infection, in the setting of this particular T cell immunodeficiency, may have driven the TCR gammadelta T cell clonal expansion. This observation extends the range of clinical and immunological phenotypes associated with RAG mutations, emphasizing the role of the genetic background and microbial environment in determining disease phenotype.
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50
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Lagresle-Peyrou C, Yates F, Malassis-Séris M, Hue C, Morillon E, Garrigue A, Liu A, Hajdari P, Stockholm D, Danos O, Lemercier B, Gougeon ML, Rieux-Laucat F, de Villartay JP, Fischer A, Cavazzana-Calvo M. Long-term immune reconstitution in RAG-1-deficient mice treated by retroviral gene therapy: a balance between efficiency and toxicity. Blood 2005; 107:63-72. [PMID: 16174758 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-05-2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by mutations in RAG1 or RAG2 genes is characterized by a complete block in T- and B-cell development. The only curative treatment is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which gives a high survival rate (90%) when an HLA-genoidentical donor exists but unsatisfactory results when only partially compatible donors are available. We have thus been interested in the development of a potential alternative treatment by using retroviral gene transfer of a normal copy of RAG1 cDNA. We show here that this approach applied to RAG-1-deficient mice restores normal B- and T-cell function even in the presence of a reduced number of mature B cells. The reconstitution is stable over time, attesting to a selective advantage of transduced progenitors. Notably, a high transgene copy number was detected in all lymphoid organs, and this was associated with a risk of lymphoproliferation as observed in one mouse. Altogether, these results demonstrate that correction of RAG-1 deficiency can be achieved by gene therapy in immunodeficient mice but that human application would require the use of self-inactivated vector to decrease the risk of lymphoproliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou
- Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de médecine, Inserm Unit 429, site Necker-Enfants Malades, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris Cedex15, France.
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