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Shay JES, Vannier A, Tsai S, Mahle R, Diaz PM, Przybyszewski E, Challa PK, Patel SJ, Suzuki J, Schaefer E, Goodman RP, Luther J. Moderate-high intensity exercise associates with reduced incident alcohol-associated liver disease in high-risk patients. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:472-477. [PMID: 37565935 PMCID: PMC10493517 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapies to prevent alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) in high-risk patients are needed. AIMS In this retrospective association study, we examined whether patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) who reported greater exercise were less likely to develop liver disease. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we used the Mass General Brigham Biobank to investigate the impact of both moderate-high and light-intensity exercise on the development of ALD in patients with AUD, using clinician-provided diagnostic International Classification of Diseases 10 codes. Exercise was evaluated using a questionnaire completed after an AUD diagnosis, and before evidence of liver disease. Cox regressions were used to generate hazard ratios (HRs) for the development of ALD. RESULTS 1987 patients met inclusion criteria. These patients were followed for an average of 10.7 years. In multivariable analyses, we found that patients that reported at least 2.5 h of moderate-high intensity exercise/week (confidence interval recommendation for exercise) were less likely to develop ALD compared to patients that did not exercise (HR: 0.26, 95%CI: 0.085-0.64, P = 0.007). Indeed, each hour of moderate-high intensity exercise was associated with progressively decreasing odds of developing ALD (HR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.58-0.91, P = 0.02). Conversely, patients who did not engage in any moderate-high intensity exercise were more likely to develop ALD (HR: 2.76, 95%CI: 1.44-5.40, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, patients with AUD who reported moderate-high intensity exercise showed a lower association with incidence of ALD development than patients who did not exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E S Shay
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Augustin Vannier
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Stephanie Tsai
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Rachel Mahle
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Paige McLean Diaz
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Eric Przybyszewski
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Prasanna K Challa
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Suraj J Patel
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Joji Suzuki
- Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Esperance Schaefer
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Russell P Goodman
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Jay Luther
- MGH Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
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McLean Diaz P, Vannier A, Joshi AD, Mahle RE, Przybyszewski EM, Corey K, Chung RT, Luther J, Goodman RP, Schaefer EA. Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Discriminates Between Decompensated Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis and Severe Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00585. [PMID: 36972232 PMCID: PMC10299775 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We hypothesized that fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) would be highly expressed in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) and could be a novel and biologically relevant predictive biomarker to reliably distinguish severe AH and decompensated alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC). METHODS We identified a discovery cohort of 88 subjects with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) of varying disease severity from our ALD repository. Our validation cohort consisted of 37 patients with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of AH, AC, or absence of ALD with Model for End-Stage Liver Disease scores ≥10. Serum from both groups during index hospitalization was assayed for FGF-21 by ELISA. We performed receiver operating characteristic analysis and prediction modeling in both cohorts to discriminate between AH and AC in high Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (≥20) patients. RESULTS In both cohorts, FGF-21 concentrations were highest in subjects with moderate to severe AH compared with those having alcohol use disorder or AC (mean: 2,609 pg/mL, P < 0.0001). The discovery cohort area under the curve of FGF-21 between AH and AC was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.98, P < 0.01). In the validation cohort, FGF-21 levels were higher in severe AH compared with AC (3,052 vs 1,235 pg/mL, P = 0.03), and the area under the curve was 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.96, P < 0.03). A survival analysis showed that patients with FGF-21 serum levels in the second interquartile had the highest survival compared with all other quartiles. DISCUSSION FGF-21 performs well as a predictive biomarker to distinguish severe AH from AC and may be helpful in the management and clinical investigation of patients with severe alcohol-associated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige McLean Diaz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augustin Vannier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amit D. Joshi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachael E. Mahle
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric M. Przybyszewski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen Corey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jay Luther
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell P. Goodman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esperance A.K. Schaefer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alcohol Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gregory DJ, Vannier A, Duey AH, Roady TJ, Dzeng RK, Pavlovic MN, Chapin MH, Mukherjee S, Wilmot H, Chronos N, Charles RC, Ryan ET, LaRocque RC, Miller TE, Garcia-Beltran WF, Thierauf JC, Iafrate AJ, Mullenbrock S, Stump MD, Wetzel RK, Polakiewicz RD, Naranbhai V, Poznansky MC. Repertoires of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes targeted by antibodies vary according to severity of COVID-19. Virulence 2022; 13:890-902. [PMID: 35587156 PMCID: PMC9122311 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2073025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 are central to recovery and immunity from COVID-19. However, the relationship between disease severity and the repertoire of antibodies against specific SARS-CoV-2 epitopes an individual develops following exposure remains incompletely understood. Here, we studied seroprevalence of antibodies to specific SARS-CoV-2 and other betacoronavirus antigens in a well-annotated, community sample of convalescent and never-infected individuals obtained in August 2020. One hundred and twenty-four participants were classified into five groups: previously exposed but without evidence of infection, having no known exposure or evidence of infection, seroconverted without symptoms, previously diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19, and recovered after hospitalization with COVID-19. Prevalence of IgGs specific to the following antigens was compared between the five groups: recombinant SARS-CoV-2 and betacoronavirus spike and nucleocapsid protein domains, peptides from a tiled array of 22-mers corresponding to the entire spike and nucleocapsid proteins, and peptides corresponding to predicted immunogenic regions from other proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Antibody abundance generally correlated positively with severity of prior illness. A number of specific immunogenic peptides and some that may be associated with milder illness or protection from symptomatic infection were identified. No convincing association was observed between antibodies to Receptor Binding Domain(s) (RBDs) of less pathogenic betacoronaviruses HKU1 or OC43 and COVID-19 severity. However, apparent cross-reaction with SARS-CoV RBD was evident and some predominantly asymptomatic individuals had antibodies to both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV RBDs. Findings from this pilot study may inform development of diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutic antibodies, and provide insight into viral pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Gregory
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Pediatric Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Augustin Vannier
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akiro H. Duey
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler J. Roady
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard K. Dzeng
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maia N. Pavlovic
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael H. Chapin
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sonia Mukherjee
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Richelle C. Charles
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward T. Ryan
- Cardiology Care Clinics, Eatonton, GA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina C. LaRocque
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler E. Miller
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia C. Thierauf
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A. John Iafrate
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Vivek Naranbhai
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark C. Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Young JS, Khiew SHW, Yang J, Vannier A, Yin D, Sciammas R, Alegre ML, Chong AS. Successful Treatment of T Cell-Mediated Acute Rejection with Delayed CTLA4-Ig in Mice. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1169. [PMID: 28970838 PMCID: PMC5609110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observations that kidney transplant recipients receiving belatacept who experienced T cell-mediated acute rejection can be successfully treated and subsequently maintained on belatacept-based immunosuppression suggest that belatacept is able to control memory T cells. We recently reported that treatment with CTLA4-Ig from day 6 posttransplantation successfully rescues allografts from acute rejection in a BALB/c to C57BL/6 heart transplant model, in part, by abolishing B cell germinal centers and reducing alloantibody titers. Here, we show that CTLA4-Ig is additionally able to inhibit established T cell responses independently of B cells. CTLA4-Ig inhibited the in vivo cytolytic activity of donor-specific CD8+ T cells, and the production of IFNγ by graft-infiltrating T cells. Delayed CTLA4-Ig treatment did not reduce the numbers of graft-infiltrating T cells nor prevented the accumulation of antigen-experienced donor-specific memory T cells in the spleen. Nevertheless, delayed CTLA4-Ig treatment successfully maintained long-term graft acceptance in the majority of recipients that had experienced a rejection crisis, and enabled the acceptance of secondary BALB/c heart grafts transplanted 30 days after the first transplantation. In summary, we conclude that delayed CTLA4-Ig treatment is able to partially halt ongoing T cell-mediated acute rejection. These findings extend the functional efficacy of CTLA4-Ig therapy to effector T cells and provide an explanation for why CTLA4-Ig-based immunosuppression in the clinic successfully maintains long-term graft survival after T cell-mediated rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Young
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stella H-W Khiew
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jinghui Yang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Augustin Vannier
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dengping Yin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Roger Sciammas
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Maria-Luisa Alegre
- Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Gabrielle P, Gambert S, Masson E, Leger-Charnay E, Ferrerro A, Vannier A, Gendrault C, Lachot M, Creuzot-Garcher C, Bon A, Gregoire S, Leclere L, Martine L, Lucchi G, Truntzer C, Bretillon L. Modulation of Muller cell membrane organization by 24S-hydroxycholesterol. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Gambert
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - E. Masson
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - E. Leger-Charnay
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | | | - A. Vannier
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - C. Gendrault
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - M. Lachot
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | | | - A. Bon
- Ophthalmology; CHU DIJON; Dijon France
| | - S. Gregoire
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - L. Leclere
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - L. Martine
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
| | - G. Lucchi
- Laboratory; Clinical Innovation Proteomic Platform; Dijon France
| | - C. Truntzer
- Laboratory; Clinical Innovation Proteomic Platform; Dijon France
| | - L. Bretillon
- Research, Center for Taste and Feeding Behaviour; AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA; Dijon France
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Fokstuen S, Makrythanasis P, Hammar E, Guipponi M, Ranza E, Varvagiannis K, Santoni FA, Albarca-Aguilera M, Poleggi ME, Couchepin F, Brockmann C, Mauron A, Hurst SA, Moret C, Gehrig C, Vannier A, Bevillard J, Araud T, Gimelli S, Stathaki E, Paoloni-Giacobino A, Bottani A, Sloan-Béna F, Sizonenko LD, Mostafavi M, Hamamy H, Nouspikel T, Blouin JL, Antonarakis SE. Experience of a multidisciplinary task force with exome sequencing for Mendelian disorders. Hum Genomics 2016; 10:24. [PMID: 27353043 PMCID: PMC4924303 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-016-0080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to optimally integrate the use of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) as a tool in clinical diagnostics of likely monogenic disorders, we have created a multidisciplinary "Genome Clinic Task Force" at the University Hospitals of Geneva, which is composed of clinical and molecular geneticists, bioinformaticians, technicians, bioethicists, and a coordinator. METHODS AND RESULTS We have implemented whole exome sequencing (WES) with subsequent targeted bioinformatics analysis of gene lists for specific disorders. Clinical cases of heterogeneous Mendelian disorders that could potentially benefit from HTS are presented and discussed during the sessions of the task force. Debate concerning the interpretation of identified variants and the content of the final report constitutes a major part of the task force's work. Furthermore, issues related to bioethics, genetic counseling, quality control, and reimbursement are also addressed. CONCLUSIONS This multidisciplinary task force has enabled us to create a platform for regular exchanges between all involved experts in order to deal with the multiple complex issues related to HTS in clinical practice and to continuously improve the diagnostic use of HTS. In addition, this task force was instrumental to formally approve the reimbursement of HTS for molecular diagnosis of Mendelian disorders in Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fokstuen
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Makrythanasis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Hammar
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Guipponi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Ranza
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Varvagiannis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F A Santoni
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Albarca-Aguilera
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M E Poleggi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Couchepin
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Brockmann
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Mauron
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S A Hurst
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Moret
- Institute for Ethics, History, and the Humanities, Geneva University Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Gehrig
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Vannier
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Bevillard
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Araud
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Gimelli
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Stathaki
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Paoloni-Giacobino
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Bottani
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Sloan-Béna
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L D'Amato Sizonenko
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Mostafavi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - H Hamamy
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T Nouspikel
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J L Blouin
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S E Antonarakis
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. .,iGE3, Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Vannier A, Baynat C, Riban P. Traumatisme modéré de l’avant-bras mais véritable syndrome des loges. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13341-016-0629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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McDonald G, Cabal N, Vannier A, Umiker B, Yin RH, Orjalo AV, Johansson HE, Han JH, Imanishi-Kari T. Female Bias in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is Associated with the Differential Expression of X-Linked Toll-Like Receptor 8. Front Immunol 2015; 6:457. [PMID: 26441962 PMCID: PMC4561825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of anti-nuclear antibodies. SLE is one of many autoimmune disorders that have a strong gender bias, with 70–90% of SLE patients being female. Several explanations have been postulated to account for the severity of autoimmune diseases in females, including hormonal, microbiota, and gene dosage differences. X-linked toll-like receptors (TLRs) have recently been implicated in disease progression in females. Our previous studies using the 564Igi mouse model of SLE on a Tlr7 and Tlr9 double knockout background showed that the presence of Tlr8 on both X chromosomes was required for the production of IgG autoantibodies, Ifn-I expression and granulopoiesis in females. Here, we show the results of our investigation into the role of Tlr8 expression in SLE pathogenesis in 564Igi females. Female mice have an increase in serum pathogenic anti-RNA IgG2a and IgG2b autoantibodies. 564Igi mice have also been shown to have an increase in neutrophils in vivo, which are major contributors to Ifn-α expression. Here, we show that neutrophils from C57BL/6 mice express Ifn-α in response to 564 immune complexes and TLR8 activation. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from 564Igi females have a significant increase in Tlr8 expression compared to male-derived cells, and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization data suggest that Tlr8 may escape X-inactivation in female-derived macrophages. These results propose a model by which females may be more susceptible to SLE pathogenesis due to inefficient inactivation of Tlr8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle McDonald
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Nicholas Cabal
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Augustin Vannier
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Benjamin Umiker
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University , Boston, MA , USA
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Hwan Han
- Merck Research Laboratories , Palo Alto, CA , USA
| | - Thereza Imanishi-Kari
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University , Boston, MA , USA
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Billhot-Alinc M, Vauthier A, Aletti M, Jacquier C, Wemel A, Robert J, Vannier A, Zing E, Berets O. Myélopathie d’Hashimoto. Rev Med Interne 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2012.10.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vannier A, Duquesne S, Bourbigot S, Castrovinci A, Camino G, Delobel R. The use of POSS as synergist in intumescent recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate). Polym Degrad Stab 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Aurich-Costa J, Vannier A, Grégoire E, Nowak F, Cherif D. IPM-FISH, a new M-FISH approach using IRS-PCR painting probes: application to the analysis of seven human prostate cell lines. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 30:143-60. [PMID: 11135431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed an alternative multicolor karyotyping technique based on multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) and our own optical device with a specific filter set. The most innovative part of our development is the use of interspersed polymerase chain reaction (IRS-PCR) painting probes that show an R-band pattern simultaneous to the combinatorial labeling. This allows us not only to recognize the origin of chromosomal fragments, but to identify the breakpoints as well. We have used this technique to analyze seven cell lines: four prostate cancer cell lines (CA-HPV-10, LNCaP, DU145, and PC3), and three normal transformed epithelial prostate cell lines (PNT1B, PNT2, and PZ-HPV-7). In order to validate our IRS-PCR multiplex FISH (IPM-FISH) technique and to complement the results, we applied comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and FISH analysis, showing good correlation with the IPM-FISH results. To date, molecular and cytogenetic studies have identified several chromosomal regions that are altered in human prostate cancer; several candidate genes have been suggested. However, reliable markers for predicting the aggressiveness of early prostate cancer are not yet available. Our results show several common, unbalanced rearrangements in the cell lines. These rearrangements are similar to regions already implicated in prostate cancer, validating these cell lines as a good model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Aurich-Costa
- Cytogenetics Department, Genomic Research Center, GENSET, S.A., Evry, France.
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Eck EK, Vannier A. The effect of high-efficiency particulate air respirator design on occupational health: a pilot study balancing risks in the real world. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997; 18:122-7. [PMID: 9120240 DOI: 10.1086/647566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify specific factors believed to increase healthcare worker (HCW) risk for contaminated sharps injuries (eg, visibility, communication, and range of motion); to quantify the degree to which respirators of various designs impacted those same factors; and to assess HCW opinions about the suitability of selected respirators with respect to patient care and user compliance criteria. DESIGN Sharps injury data from seven hospitals were analyzed to determine the potential contribution of visibility, communication, and range of motion to reported injuries. Healthcare workers representing various clinical specialties and physical characteristics were examined at baseline and while wearing five different respirators to quantify the impact of respirator design on visibility, communication, and range of motion. Healthcare workers were interviewed and completed a survey assessing each respirator. SETTING Hospital and ambulatory-care settings. PARTICIPANTS Population-based and convenience sample. RESULTS Communication, visibility, and range of motion were found to affect contaminated sharps injuries significantly. Selected high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirators were found to have a negative impact on each of these variables. Healthcare workers involved in the study also reported compliance criteria problems with selected HEPA respirators, which may effect implementation of respiratory precautions adversely. CONCLUSION Current HEPA respirators, because of their design, potentially increase the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure through sharps injuries. We conclude that mandating respirators without regard to the potential impact of their design to the sharps injuries may be counterproductive to HCW safety, because they may increase, rather than decrease, overall occupational risk to HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Eck
- Regional Hospital Administration, Kaiser Permanente Southern California Region, North Hollywood 91188, USA
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Flaman JM, Waridel F, Estreicher A, Vannier A, Limacher JM, Gilbert D, Iggo R, Frebourg T. The human tumour suppressor gene p53 is alternatively spliced in normal cells. Oncogene 1996; 12:813-8. [PMID: 8632903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing affecting the p53 carboxy-terminus has previously been described in mouse but not in normal human cells. We report here the detection in normal human lymphocytes of an alternatively spliced form of human p53 mRNA containing an additional 133 bp exon derived from intron 9. This splice variant encodes a truncated protein of 341 amino-acids including 10 new amino-acids derived from the novel exon. The truncated protein, which lacks part of the p53 tetramerization domain, fails to bind DNA in vitro and has a transcriptional defect in vivo in both yeast and mammalian cells. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments suggest that the alternatively spliced form is only present in significant amounts in quiescent cells. Considering the numerous functions ascribed to the carboxy-terminus of the p53 protein, this splice variant may have important implications for the biological role of p53 in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Flaman
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU de Rouen, France
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Abstract
Three clinicopathologic cases with a remarkable pattern of extensive diffuse subependymal periventricular spread of cerebral metastases from solid systemic cancer are reported. Two patients had a small cell carcinoma of the lung. In the third case, the histologic features of the brain metastases were consistent with a neuron-specific enolase-positive, small cell anaplastic carcinoma. Involvement of the choroid plexus and leptomeninges was moderate or absent. Intraparenchymatous nodular metastases were not found except in one case in which rare nodular superficial cortical metastases were present. The clinical data were nonspecific except for orthostatic hypotension, in one patient, which was probably due to the infiltration of the floor of the third and fourth ventricles. Results of the cerebrospinal fluid examination, available in two cases, were normal. The only diagnostic investigation was contrast-enhanced computed tomography scanning.
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Perrigot M, Vannier A, Bor Y. [Alpha adrenergic blocking agents in disorders of the bladder sphincter]. Rev Prat 1986; 36:223-8. [PMID: 2421393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dougados M, Kahan A, Vannier A, Amor B. [Lyme arthritis. 2 new French cases]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1983; 50:299-302. [PMID: 6879098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Varki A, Reitman ML, Vannier A, Kornfeld S, Grubb JH, Sly WS. Demonstration of the heterozygous state for I-cell disease and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy by assay of N-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase in white blood cells and fibroblasts. Am J Hum Genet 1982; 34:717-29. [PMID: 6289658 PMCID: PMC1685437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The biochemical abnormalities of I-cell disease (mucolipidosis II) and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy (mucolipidosis III) can be explained by a deficiency of the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase. We demonstrate here that obligate heterozygotes for these autosomal recessive diseases have intermediate levels of this enzymatic activity in homogenates of peripheral blood white cells and in extracts from cultured fibroblasts. This finding provides further evidence that the enzyme deficiency is the primary genetic defect in these diseases. In addition, the previous observation that obligate heterozygotes for mucolipidosis III have elevations of total serum beta-hexosaminidase outside the range of normal was confirmed. In studies of three pedigrees of patients with mucolipidosis III, these techniques were used to score individuals at risk for the carrier state.
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Thomas GH, Miller CS, Toomey KE, Reynolds LW, Reitman ML, Varki A, Vannier A, Rosebaum KN, Bias WB, Schofield BH. Two clonal cell populations (mosaicism) in a 46,XY male with mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease)--an autosomal recessive disorder. Am J Hum Genet 1982; 34:611-22. [PMID: 6125101 PMCID: PMC1685367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultured fibroblasts from a 46,XY male with an atypical form of mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease) had two distinct phenotypes. One population of these fibroblasts had the morphological and biochemical features characteristic of I-cell disease, while the remaining cells were indistinguishable from normal fibroblasts. Direct evidence that the patient was a mosaic, having two cell populations, was provided by the establishment of pure, stable clones of both wild type and I-cell fibroblasts from each of two biopsies obtained several months apart. Additionally, it was shown that the I-cell fibroblasts lacked UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase while the morphologically normal cells contained levels of this enzyme just below or at the lower end of the normal range.
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