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Eldridge MAG, Mohanty A, Hines BE, Kaskan PM, Murray EA. Aspiration removal of orbitofrontal cortex disrupts cholinergic fibers of passage to anterior cingulate cortex in rhesus macaques. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1011-1019. [PMID: 38502331 PMCID: PMC11003915 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The study of anthropoid nonhuman primates has provided valuable insights into frontal cortex function in humans, as these primates share similar frontal anatomical subdivisions (Murray et al. 2011). Causal manipulation studies have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of this area. One puzzling finding is that macaques with bilateral aspiration removals of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are impaired on tests of cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation, whereas those with bilateral excitotoxic lesions of OFC are not (Rudebeck et al. 2013). This discrepancy is attributed to the inadvertent disruption of fibers of passage by aspiration lesions but not by excitotoxic lesions. Which fibers of passage are responsible for the impairments observed? One candidate is cholinergic fibers originating in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) and passing nearby or through OFC on their way to other frontal cortex regions (Kitt et al. 1987). To investigate this possibility, we performed unilateral aspiration lesions of OFC in three macaques, and then compared cholinergic innervation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) between hemispheres. Histological assessment revealed diminished cholinergic innervation in the ACC of hemispheres with OFC lesions relative to intact hemispheres. This finding indicates that aspiration lesions of the OFC disrupt cholinergic fibers of passage, and suggests the possibility that loss of cholinergic inputs to ACC contributes to the impairments in cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation observed after aspiration but not excitotoxic lesions of OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - A Mohanty
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B E Hines
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P M Kaskan
- Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - E A Murray
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Mohanty A, Lee M, Mohapatra A, Lee H, Vasukutty A, Baek S, Lee JY, Park IK. "Three-in-one": A Photoactivable Nanoplatform Evokes Anti-Immune Response by Inhibiting BRD4-cMYC-PDL1 Axis to Intensify Photo-Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304093. [PMID: 38409920 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Combinatorial immuno-cancer therapy has been recognized as a promising approach for efficiently treating malignant tumors. Yet, the development of multifunctional nanomedicine capable of precise tumor targeting, remote activation, and immune-regulating drug delivery remains a significant challenge. In this study, we developed nanoparticles loaded with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (JQ-1) using polypyrrole/hyaluronic acid (PPyHA/JQ-1). These nanoparticles offer active tumor targeting, photothermal tumor ablation using near-infrared light, and laser-controlled JQ-1 release for efficient breast cancer treatment. We varied the molecular weights of HA (6.8 kDa to 3 MDa) in the PPyHA nanoparticles and found that the nanoparticles synthesized using 1 MDa HA, referred to as PPyHA (1 M), showed the most suitable properties, including small hydrodynamic size, high surface HA contents, and colloidal stability. Upon 808-nm laser irradiation, PPyHA/JQ-1 elevated the temperature above 55 °C, which was sufficient for thermal ablation and active release of JQ-1 in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Notably, the controlled release of JQ-1 substantially inhibited the expression of cancer-promoting c-MYC/BRD4 genes. Furthermore, PPyHA/JQ-1 effectively suppressed the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and prolonged dendritic cell maturation and CD8+ T cell activation against the tumor both in vitro and in vivo. PPyHA/JQ-1 treatment simultaneously provides a significant tumor regression through photothermal therapy and immune checkpoint blockade, leading to a durable antitumor-immune response. Overall, our "Three-in-one" immunotherapeutic photo-activable nanoparticles have the potential to be beneficial for a targeted combinatorial treatment approach for TNBC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangjae Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Arathy Vasukutty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonguk Baek
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
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Mohapatra A, Mohanty A, Sathiyamoorthy P, Chahal S, Vijayan V, Rajendrakumar SK, Park IK. Targeted treatment of gouty arthritis by biomineralized metallic nanozyme-mediated oxidative stress-mitigating nanotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7684-7695. [PMID: 37464890 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Gouty arthritis is characterized by chronic deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints and other tissues, resulting in the production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines that intensify synovial inflammation. This condition is mainly associated with inflammatory M1 macrophage activation and oxidative stress production. Hence, gout symptoms can often be resolved by eliminating M1 macrophage activation and scavenging oxidative stress in the inflamed areas. Herein, we developed M1-macrophage-targeting biomineralized metallic nanozymes (FALNZs) that deplete oxidative stress and reduce the M1 macrophage levels to mitigate gouty arthritis. Intra-articular injection of the FALNZs targets inflammatory macrophages and suppresses ROS levels in joints with MSU-crystal-induced arthritis. In addition, the FALNZs alleviate joint swelling, inflammatory cytokine production, and pathological features of the joints. Overall, the proposed therapeutic approach is biocompatible and is an effective ROS scavenger for the treatment of gouty pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Padmanaban Sathiyamoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Sahil Chahal
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Veena Vijayan
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | | | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
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Xiong M, Xia YG, Lu L, Wang J, Mohanty A, Wu Y, Sakiyama H, Muddassir M, Pan Y. Ligand Modulation on the Various Structures of Three Zinc(II)-Based Coordination Polymers for Antibiotics Degradation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072933. [PMID: 37049696 PMCID: PMC10095641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient removal of organic contaminants from wastewater is, nowadays, a prominent area of study due to its biological as well as environmental significance. Antibiotics are now found in wastewater because of their high use, which has become a source of aquatic pollution. These antibiotics have dangerous implications for people’s health. Hence, effective pharmaceutical removal from wastewater and contaminated water bodies, especially the removal of antibiotics, is of major interest to global research organizations. This is why it is necessary to investigate this class of toxic material in wastewater discharge. We synthesized three different coordination polymers (CPs) in the presence of various assistant carboxylate linkers, namely, [Zn(Hbtc)(dip)]n (1), [Zn4(1,2-bdc)4(dip)4]n (2), and [Zn(1,4-bdc)(dip)]n (3) (3,5-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine = dip, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid = H3btc, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid = 1,2-H2bdc, and 1,4-benzendicarboxylic acid = 1,4-bdc). These CPs were characterized by using different techniques, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural studies demonstrated that in 2, there are four Zn(II) centers and both centers are in different coordination environments (Zn2 has distorted tetrahedral geometry, whereas Zn1, Zn3, and Zn4 have square pyramidal geometry). Hirshfeld surfaces analysis revealed that different types of intermolecular interactions (C⋯C, H⋯C, H⋯H, O⋯C, N⋯H, and O⋯H) are present in the synthesized CPs. We examined the different antibiotics, such as metronidazole (MDZ), nitrofurazone (NFZ), dimetridazole (DTZ), sulfasalazine(SLA), and oxytetracycline (OXY), degradation behaviors of the synthesized CPs, which showed remarkable degradation efficiency. 1 showed photocatalytic behavior toward the NFZ antibiotic in an aqueous media. This study also showed that these catalysts are stable and reusable under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China (J.W.)
| | - Ying-Gui Xia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China (J.W.)
| | - Lu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China (J.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China (J.W.)
| | - A. Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Berhampur 760007, India
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.M.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China (J.W.)
| | - Hiroshi Sakiyama
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Mohd. Muddassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Pan
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (A.M.); (Y.P.)
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Mohapatra A, Mondal J, Sathiyamoorthy P, Mohanty A, Revuri V, Rajendrakumar SK, Lee YK, Park IK. Thermosusceptible Nitric-Oxide-Releasing Nitrogel for Strengthening Antitumor Immune Responses with Tumor Collagen Diminution and Deep Tissue Delivery during NIR Laser-Assisted Photoimmunotherapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 36896475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Combined cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated promising potential with an amplified antitumor response and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation. However, one of the main issues that cause treatment failure is the poor diffusion and insufficient penetration of therapeutic and immunomodulatory agents in solid tumors. Herein, a cancer treatment approach that combines photothermal therapy (PTT) and nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy for tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, along with NLG919, an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor that reduces tryptophan catabolism to kynurenine, and DMXAA, a stimulator of interferon gene (STING) agonist that stimulates antigen cross-presentation, is proposed to overcome this issue. Upon NIR (808 nm) laser irradiation, NO-GEL achieved the desired thermal ablation by releasing sufficient tumor antigens through immunogenic cell death (ICD). NO delivery triggered local diffusion of excess NO gas for effectively degrading tumor collagen in the ECM, homogeneously delivered NLG919 throughout the tumor tissue, inhibited IDO expression that was upregulated by PTT, and reduced the immune suppressive activities. The sustained release of DMXAA prolonged dendritic cell maturation and CD8+ T cell activation against the tumor. In summary, NO-GEL therapeutics offer a significant tumor regression with PTT and STING agonist combination that stimulates a durable antitumor immune response. Additional unification of IDO inhibition during PTT supplements the immunotherapy by reducing the T cell apoptosis and immune suppressive cell infiltration to TME. NO-GEL with the STING agonist and IDO inhibitor is an effective therapeutic combination to counter possible limitations during solid tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Padmanaban Sathiyamoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Vishnu Revuri
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
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Mohapatra A, Rajendrakumar SK, Cherukula K, Park MS, Padmanaban S, Vasukuty A, Mohanty A, Lee JY, Bae WK, Park IK. A sugar modified amphiphilic cationic nano-adjuvant ceased tumor immune suppression and rejuvenated peptide vaccine induced antitumor immunity in cervical cancer. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1853-1866. [PMID: 36655902 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01715f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV), one of the most common cancer-causing viruses, accounts for more than 90% of human anal and cervical cancers. Clinical studies have focused on adjuvant therapy with vaccines to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with late-stage HPV-related cancers. In the present study, a mannose receptor (CD206) targeting a lithocholic acid-modified polyethylenimine (PEI) nano-adjuvant delivering the toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist, resiquimod (R848) (mLAPMi-R848), in a HPV E6- and E7-expressing TC-1 tumor murine model was developed. Peritumoral administration of mLAPMi resulted in enhanced accumulation in tumor/tumor-draining lymph nodes and significantly targeted antigen presenting cells like macrophage and dendritic cells. PEI-based nanocarriers can exploit the adjuvant potency of R848 and improve the antitumor immunity. Hence, co-administration of mLAPMi-R848 along with an E6E7 peptide in TC-1 tumor mice eradicated tumor burden and elicited splenocyte-induced cytotoxicity in TC-1 cancer cells. In a bilateral TC-1 tumor model, administration of mLAPMi-R848 and E6E7 peptide significantly suppressed both primary and secondary tumor burdens and improved the overall survival rate. Immune cell profiling revealed elevated levels of mature DCs and CD8+ T cells but reduced levels of tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells (TAICs) like myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells in distal tumors. Overall, this study demonstrated that mLAPMi-R848 has improved the antitumor immunity of the peptide antigen against HPV-induced cancers by targeted immunodulation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and reducing TAICs. Furthermore, this nano-adjuvant has the potential to offer a new treatment option for patients with cervical cancer and can be applied for the treatment of other HPV induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kondareddy Cherukula
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myong-Suk Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Padmanaban
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arathy Vasukuty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
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Mohapatra RK, Padhi BK, Kandi V, Mishra S, Rabaan AA, Mohanty A, Sah R. Camel virus (MERS) reported from Qatar: a threat to the FIFA-2022 and Middle East. QJM 2023; 116:150-152. [PMID: 36469349 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R K Mohapatra
- From the Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar 758 002, Odisha, India
| | - B K Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Madhya Marg, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - V Kandi
- Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar 505 417, Telangana, India
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Bioenergy, School of Biotechnology, Campus-11, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - A A Rabaan
- Laboratory Services Department, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - A Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur 273008, India
| | - R Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Global Health and Clinical Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Mohanty A, Park IK. Protein-Caged Nanoparticles: A Promising Nanomedicine Against Cancer. Chonnam Med J 2023; 59:1-12. [PMID: 36794248 PMCID: PMC9900222 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2023.59.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe threat to human wellness. A broad range of nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to treat cancer. Given their safety profile, natural biomolecules such as protein-based NPs (PNPs) are promising substitutes for synthetic NPs that are currently used in drug delivery systems. In particular, PNPs have diverse characteristics and are monodisperse, chemically and genetically changeable, biodegradable, and biocompatible. To promote their application in clinical settings, PNPs must be precisely fabricated to fully exploit their advantages. This review highlights the different types of proteins that can be used to produce PNPs. Additionally, the recent applications of these nanomedicines and their therapeutic benefits against cancer are explored. Several future research directions that can facilitate the clinical application of PNPs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Jain V, Debnath S, Sharma A, Kamboj M, Mohanty A, Rawal S. Isolated lymph node recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer - management and outcome. J Visc Surg 2022:S1878-7886(22)00173-4. [PMID: 36564260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of our study was to assess the clinical outcome of isolated lymph node recurrence in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated by surgery and to analyze the impact of various clinico-pathological factors on prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of all the epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent secondary lymphadenectomy surgery for isolated lymph node recurrence at our institute from 2013 to 2020. Univariate analysis of various factors influencing the post-recurrence disease free survival and post-recurrence survival was done using Kaplan-Meier for categorical variables and cox-proportional hazard progression for continuous variables. RESULTS A total of 21 patients of isolated lymph node recurrence were treated surgically during the study period. The median disease free interval to develop lymph nodal recurrence was 13 months. All the patients achieved complete resection to no gross residual disease without any significant morbidity associated with the procedure. The median post-recurrence disease free survival after treatment of lymph node recurrence was 25 months with 3-year post-recurrence survival of 72% and 3-year overall survival of 85%. Amongst the factors influencing post-recurrence disease free survival, young age (< 50 years), para-aortic lymph node dissection at initial surgery and single site of lymph node recurrence were significantly associated with better prognosis. A single site of lymph node recurrence was associated with significantly better post-recurrence survival. CONCLUSIONS Complete resection is feasible for epithelial ovarian cancer patients presenting with isolated lymph node recurrence, without any significant perioperative morbidity. When combined with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, complete resection is associated with favourable survival outcomes. Young age, para-aortic lymph node dissection during primary surgery and single site of lymph node recurrence are associated with better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jain
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India.
| | - S Debnath
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Histopathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - M Kamboj
- Department of Histopathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Department of Research, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - S Rawal
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India
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Mehta L, Shambhawi, Kumar S, Mohanty A. In silico Analysis of Native Cyclotides with Antibacterial Activity against Gram-negative Bacteria. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Das S, Satpathy P, Dash SK, Mohanty A, Sarkar S, Pradhan B, Sahu GS, Tripathy PK. Genotypic variation in auxin-induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves: an innovative approach for indirect evaluation of yielding ability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). CURR SCI INDIA 2022. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i4/568-573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ryu C, Lee H, Kim H, Hwang S, Hadadian Y, Mohanty A, Park IK, Cho B, Yoon J, Lee JY. Highly Optimized Iron Oxide Embedded Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites for Effective Magnetic Hyperthermia and Biosecurity. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:31-44. [PMID: 35023918 PMCID: PMC8743620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s344257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have attracted considerable attention for various biomedical applications owing to their ease of synthesis, strong magnetic properties, and biocompatibility. In particular, IONPs can generate heat under an alternating magnetic field, the effects of which have been extensively studied for magnetic hyperthermia therapy. However, the development of IONPs with high heating efficiency, biocompatibility, and colloidal stability in physiological environments is still required for their safe and effective application in biomedical fields. Methods We synthesized magnetic IONP/polymer nanocomposites (MNCs) by embedding IONPs in a poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) matrix via nanoemulsion. The IONP contents (Fe: 9–22 [w/w]%) in MNCs were varied to investigate their effects on the magnetic and hyperthermia performances based on their optimal interparticle interactions. Further, we explored the stability, cytocompatibility, biodistribution, and in vivo tissue compatibility of the MNCs. Results The MNCs showed enhanced heating efficiency with over two-fold increase compared to nonembedded bare IONPs. The relationship between the IONP content and heating performance in MNCs was nonmonotonous. The highest heating performance was obtained from MNC2, which contain 13% Fe (w/w), implying that interparticle interactions in MNCs can be optimized to achieve high heating performance. In addition, the MNCs exhibited good colloidal stability under physiological conditions and maintained their heating efficiency during 48 h of incubation in cell culture medium. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed excellent biocompatibility of the MNC. Conclusion Our nanocomposites, comprising biocompatible IONPs and PLA, display improved heating efficiency, good colloidal stability, and cytocompatibility, and thus will be beneficial for diverse biomedical applications, including magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiseon Ryu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangjae Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hohyeon Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaser Hadadian
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Beongki Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Yoon
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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Mohanty A, Chhabra N, Sharma A, Kaur H. DNA banking, its current awareness and national status in biomedical research in India, a survey. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:939-947. [PMID: 34739650 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A Biobank/Biorepository is an organized collection of resources that can be accessed to retrieve biological material and data for research purpose. Human specimen repositories (adult and paediatric) take lead amongst the various types of biorepositories. Patient's bio samples are a rich source of genetic information and therefore can form the basis of diagnostics, forensics and multidimensional disciplines of biomedical research. The advent of molecular techniques and the technological upsurge in the management of genetic resources has facilitated the human DNA sampling and data collection leading to the emergence of DNA banking. DNA banking has paved a new path in precision oncology and personalized medicine. This article highlights the current scenario concerning the general awareness, scientific consciousness and current national and international practices being initiated and in practice for the establishment of bio banking facilities particularly DNA bio banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohanty
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, 110085, India.
| | - N Chhabra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - A Sharma
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, 110085, India
| | - H Kaur
- Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, 132001, India
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14
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Shaaban A, Salamah R, Abo Elseud Y, Mohanty A, Albarrak J. Presentation and Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Arabian Peninsula: A Review of a Single Institution Experience in the Sorafenib Era. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:85-89. [PMID: 31808059 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a growing evidence showing that there are geographic differences in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Little is known about the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Arabian Peninsula. The present study examines the presentation and outcomes of HCC in a single institution. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients presented with advanced-stage HCC to Kuwait Cancer Control Center (KCCC) between 2008 and 2018 was conducted. Data collected included patients demographics, HCC risk factors, performance status, Child-Pugh score, pick up of sorafenib, and survival. RESULTS About 111 cases were analyzed. The mean age of the cohort was 61.8 ± 11.4 years and 94 patients (84.7%) were males. HCV and diabetes were the most common risk factors for HCC and presented in 60 patients (54.1%) and 45 patients (40.5%), respectively. About 78 (70.3%) patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1 at presentation. Only 29 (26.1%) patients presented with Child-Pugh class A, while 42 (40.4%) patients received sorafenib. The median overall survival was only 3 months. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, HCV and diabetes were the main risk factors for HCC. The majority of patients was not amenable to sorafenib treatment and carries a very poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shaaban
- Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Shuwaikh, Kuwait. .,Minia University Hospital, Menia Governorate, Egypt.
| | - R Salamah
- Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | | | - A Mohanty
- Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - J Albarrak
- Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
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15
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Abstract
It is known that the organic units in hybrid halide perovskites are free to rotate, but it is not clear if this freedom is of any relevance to the structure-property relationship of these compounds. We have employed quasi-elastic neutron scattering using two different spectrometers, thus providing a wide dynamic range to investigate the cation dynamics in methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) and formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) over a large temperature range covering all known crystallographic phases of these two compounds. Our results establish a plastic crystal-like phase forming above 30 K within the orthorhombic phase of MAPbBr3 related to 3-fold rotations of MA units around the C-N axis with an activation energy, Ea, of ∼27 meV, which has no counterpart in the FA compound. MA exhibits an additional 4-fold orientational motion of the whole molecule via rotation of the C-N axis itself with an Ea of ∼68 meV common for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. In contrast, the FA compound exhibits only an isotropic orientational motion of the whole FA unit with Ea ≈ 106 meV within the orthorhombic phase and a substantially reduced common Ea of ∼62 meV for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. Our results suggest that the rotational dynamics of the organic units, crystallographic phases, and physical properties of these compounds are intimately connected.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - M Tyagi
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - J P Embs
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D D Sarma
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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Marshall C, Sandhu AD, Mohanty A. Myeloid Sarcoma Involving the Central Nervous System Without Evidence of Preexisting Hematologic Disease: A Case Report. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Myeloid sarcoma within the central nervous system is a rare presentation of an infiltrative mass of immature myeloid cells. It is typically found in association with myeloid dysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative disorder, or acute myeloid leukemia. Rarely, it can occur in the absence of these diseases.
Methods
We present the case of 68-year-old female with worsening nausea and headaches. Brain MRI showed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement with numerous nodular enhancing extra-axial masses overlying both cerebral hemispheres.
Results
Open biopsy of these masses showed gelatinous, hemorrhagic, brown tissue measuring 3.0 x 2.0 x 0.7 cm. Histologically, the specimen shows a diffuse polymorphous atypical myeloid proliferation consisting of all three cell lineages. There are nodules composed predominantly of large blastoid cells with 1 to 2 prominent oblong nucleoli, consistent with erythroblasts and early erythroid precursors. In between the nodules there are myeloid cells in different stages of maturation, including numerous eosinophilic precursors. Scattered megakaryocytes are also identified.
Immunohistochemistry shows positivity for E-cadherin, CD235a and spectrin which highlight the immature erythroid cells. MPO, muramidase, and CD33 are positive in myeloid elements. Eosinophilic peroxidase highlights numerous eosinophilic precursors. CD34 is positive in the endothelial cells and very rare hematopoietic cells. CD20 and PAX 5 highlights B-cells, CD3 highlights T-cells, and CD4 highlights monocytic precursors, monocytes, histiocytes and a subset of T-cells.
Conclusion
Additional work up at the time of biopsy including FLOW cytometry and bone marrow biopsies showed no evidence of hematologic pathology. In summary the histologic and immunohistochemical findings demonstrate a tumor composed of proliferating immature myeloid cells most consistent with myeloid sarcoma without any evidence of hematological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marshall
- Pathology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES
| | - A D Sandhu
- Pathology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES
| | - A Mohanty
- Pathology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES
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Mohanty A, Uthaman S, Park IK. Utilization of Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles for Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4377. [PMID: 32977707 PMCID: PMC7582728 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the most dangerous diseases, with 1.8 million deaths worldwide. Despite remarkable advances in conventional therapies, these treatments are not effective to completely eradicate cancer. Nanotechnology offers potential cancer treatment based on formulations of several nanoparticles (NPs). Liposomes and polymeric nanoparticle are the most investigated and effective drug delivery systems (DDS) for cancer treatment. Liposomes represent potential DDS due to their distinct properties, including high-drug entrapment efficacy, biocompatibility, low cost, and scalability. However, their use is restricted by susceptibility to lipid peroxidation, instability, burst release of drugs, and the limited surface modification. Similarly, polymeric nanoparticles show several chemical modifications with polymers, good stability, and controlled release, but their drawbacks for biological applications include limited drug loading, polymer toxicity, and difficulties in scaling up. Therefore, polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes are combined to form polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLHNPs), with the positive attributes of both components such as high biocompatibility and stability, improved drug payload, controlled drug release, longer circulation time, and superior in vivo efficacy. In this review, we have focused on the prominent strategies used to develop tumor targeting PLHNPs and discuss their advantages and unique properties contributing to an ideal DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, 264, Seoyang-ro, Jeollanam-do 58128, Korea;
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseoung-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, 264, Seoyang-ro, Jeollanam-do 58128, Korea;
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18
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Elseud YA, Shaaban A, Mohanty A, Albarrak J. P-50 Safety and tolerability of regorafenib: A real-life experience. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Mohanty A, Afkhami M, Pharaon R, Yin H, Sun J, Nam A, Chang S, Gernon T, Kang R, Amini A, Sampath S, Vora N, Salehian B, Pillai R, Salgia R, Maghami E, Massarelli E. Inhibition of BRAF induces PD-L1 expression in BRAF-mutated papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Sawhney JPS, Prasad SR, Sharma M, Madan K, Mohanty A, Passey R, Mehta A, Kandpal B, Makhija A, Jain R, Mantri RR, Vivek BS, Manchanda SC, Verma IC. Prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in premature coronary artery disease patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in North India. Indian Heart J 2019; 71:118-122. [PMID: 31280822 PMCID: PMC6620422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The prevalence of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in India is two to three times more than other ethnic groups. Untreated heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the important causes for premature CAD. As the age advances, these patients without treatment have 100 times increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality resulting from myocardial infarction (MI). Recent evidence suggests that one in 250 individuals may be affected by FH (nearly 40 million people globally). It is indicated that the true global prevalence of FH is underestimated. The true prevalence of FH in India remains unknown. Methods A total of 635 patients with premature CAD were assessed for FH using the Dutch Lipid Clinical Network (DLCN) criteria. Based on scores, patients were diagnosed as definite, probable, possible, or no FH. Other CV risk factors known to cause CAD such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were also recorded. Results Of total 635 patients, 25 (4%) were diagnosed as definite, 70 (11%) as probable, 238 (37%) as possible, and 302 (48%) without FH, suggesting the prevalence of potential (definite + probable) FH of about 15% in the North Indian population. FH is more common in younger patients, and they have lesser incidence of common CV risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and smoking than the younger MI patients without FH (26.32% vs.42.59%; 17.89% vs.29.44%; 22.11% vs.40.74%). Conclusion FH prevalence is high among patients with premature CAD admitted to a cardiac unit. To detect patients with FH, routine screening with simple criteria such as family history of premature CAD combined with hypercholesterolemia, and a DLCN criteria score >5 may be effectively used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P S Sawhney
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | | | - Manish Sharma
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - Kushal Madan
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - A Mohanty
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - Rajiv Passey
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - Ashwani Mehta
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - B Kandpal
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - Aman Makhija
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - Rajneesh Jain
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - R R Mantri
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | | | - S C Manchanda
- Dharma Vira Heart Center, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
| | - I C Verma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India.
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Arora H, Sawhney J, Mehta A, Mohanty A, Passey R, Jain R. A hospital based observational study of iron, B12 and folate deficiency in heart failure patients with or without anemia. Indian Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Prasad S, Sawhney J, Verma I, Manchanda S, Mehta A, Mohanty A, Kandpal B, Sharma M. The study of prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in Indian patients with premature coronary artery disease. Indian Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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23
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Panda S, Babu L, Panda A, Tanuja S, Mohanty A, Panigrahy K, Samal P, Pradhan C. Effect of Dietary Incorporation of Fermented Fish Silage on the Performance of Broiler Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2017.00030.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pattnaik SK, Ray B, Sinha S, Mohanty A, Sahu S. Outbreak of scrub typhus in odisha - an emerging threat. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797916 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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25
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Arya V, Mahajan P, Saraf A, Mohanty A, Sawhney JPS, Bhargava M. Association of CYP2C19, CYP3A5 and GPIIb/IIIa gene polymorphisms with Aspirin and Clopidogrel Resistance in a cohort of Indian patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:809-18. [PMID: 26264906 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin is the current standard of care in the management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The variability in response to these antiplatelet agents may be due to the underlying genetic diversity. This study was designed to determine the resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel in Indian patients and to look for correlation, if any, with selected polymorphisms. METHODS Platelet function testing by light transmission aggregometry was performed on 72 patients with CAD/ACS who were stable on dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel 75 mg OD and aspirin 150 mg OD) along with 72 controls. Aspirin resistance was considered as mean platelet aggregation ≥ 70% with 10 μm ADP and ≥ 20% with 0.75 mm arachidonic acid. Clopidogrel resistance was defined as <10% decrease from the baseline in platelet aggregation in response to ADP 10 μm and semi-response as <30% decrease from the baseline. Polymorphisms CYP2C19*2, *3, CYP3A5*3 and PLA1/A2 were genotyped. RESULTS We found 51.4% patients with inadequate response to clopidogrel (1.4% resistant and 50% semi-responders) and 5.5% patients semi-responders to aspirin, none being completely resistant. The genotype and allele frequencies of CYP2C19*2 and PLA1/A2 gene polymorphisms were significantly different between clopidogrel semi-responders and responders. Carriers of CYP2C19*2 and CYP3A5*3 showed diminished inhibition of platelet aggregation. No significant correlation was found between coronary events, type of coronary intervention with clopidogrel nonresponsiveness. CONCLUSION Unlike aspirin, a high proportion of partial responders to clopidogrel were identified. In an interim analysis on 72 Indian patients, a significant association was found between CYP2C19*2 and PLA1/A2 in clopidogrel semi-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Arya
- Department of Haematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - P Mahajan
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Saraf
- Department of Haematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - J P S Sawhney
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M Bhargava
- Department of Haematology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Mohanty J, Mahanta T, Mohanty A, Thatoi D. Prediction of constant amplitude fatigue crack growth life of 2024 T3 Al alloy with R-ratio effect by GP. Appl Soft Comput 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zaverl M, Misra M, Mohanty A. Use of the Taguchi Method for Optimization of Poly (Butylene Terephthalate) and Poly (Trimethylene Terephthalate) Blends through Injection Molding. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A statistical experimental design method known as the Taguchi method was utilized to optimize the injection molding processes of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) blends. Impact strength was taken as the optimized property. The significant parameters included mold temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, injection time and holding temperature. Results of the Taguchi analysis gave mold temperatures as major influencing factor on the impact strength. The optimal processing conditions were determined through the Taguchi method giving an increase of 13.7% in impact strength for the blend. Further analysis was done to distinguish the blends dependency on temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry curves indicated the presence of recrystallization peaks that were dependent on the temperature profile the sample had received prior to testing. Polarized optical microscopy was used to show the different sphereulitic growth patterns under varying isothermal conditions. It was seen that at 90°C sphereulitic growth contained pockets of different sized spereulites. AFM imaging was also used to indicate differences in blended polymer morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zaverl
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. Misra
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Bioproducts Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - A. Mohanty
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Bioproducts Discovery and Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Erqou S, Mohanty A, McGinnis KA, Vanasse G, Freiberg MS, Sherman KE, Butt AA. Hepatitis C virus treatment and survival in patients with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and baseline anaemia. J Viral Hepat 2013; 20:463-9. [PMID: 23730839 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The impact of pretreatment anaemia on survival in individuals with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection is not known. Moreover, HCV treatment is offered less frequently to individuals with anaemia, due to haematological side effects of the treatment regimen. This study aimed to determine the effect of HCV treatment on survival among HCV/HIV co-infected individuals with pretreatment anaemia using the Electronically Retrieved Cohort of HCV-Infected Veterans (ERCHIVES). Individuals with HCV/HIV co-infection were included in current analyses. Participants were considered treated if they were prescribed ≥ 4 weeks of HCV treatment. All-cause mortality data were obtained using record linkage. Survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard models. Among 5000 HCV/HIV co-infected individuals, 1671 (33.4%) had pretreatment anaemia. In a follow-up period of up to 7 years (19,500 person-years), individuals with anaemia had significantly higher mortality rate compared with those without anaemia [144.2 (95% CI: 134.5-154.7) vs 47.5 (44.0-51.2) per 1000 person-years, respectively]. Among individuals with anaemia, HCV treatment was associated with significantly lower mortality rate [66.6 (44.3-100.2) vs 149.6 (139.2-160.5) per 1000 person-years, for treated vs untreated, respectively]. Treatment remained associated with substantial survival benefit after taking into account the effect of multiple comorbidities (hazards ratio: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.62). These data suggest that HCV/HIV co-infected individuals with pretreatment anaemia have significantly higher mortality compared with those without anaemia. HCV treatment is associated with substantial survival benefit in this group. Additional studies are needed to determine strategies to improve HCV treatment rates among this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Erqou
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Mohanty A. P6.036 Stigma & Discrimination Among HIV-Infected MSM Population in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Aggarwal J, Sharma A, Kishore A, Mishra BP, Yadav A, Mohanty A, Sodhi M, Kataria RS, Malakar D, Mukesh M. Identification of suitable housekeeping genes for normalization of quantitative real-time PCR data during different physiological stages of mammary gland in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis
). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 97:1132-41. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Aggarwal
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - A. Sharma
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - A. Kishore
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - B. P. Mishra
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - A. Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology; Kurukshetra University; Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - A. Mohanty
- Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana India
| | - M. Sodhi
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - R. S. Kataria
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
| | - D. Malakar
- Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana India
| | - M. Mukesh
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources; Karnal Haryana India
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Mohanty A. Collaborative patient care model: comprehensive care coordination for geriatric population. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000053.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Samanta DR, Senapati SN, Pattanayak L, Mohanty A, Giri SK. Concurrent weekly cisplatinum versus gemcitabine with radiation in advanced carcinoma cervix: A study on 120 patients. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.5067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mohanty A, Monti J, Egner T, Mesulam MM. Search for a threatening target triggers limbic guidance of spatial attention. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)72016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Tyagi AK, Mohanty A, Bajaj S, Chaudhury A, Maheshwari SC. Transgenic Rice: A Valuable Monocot System for Crop Improvement and Gene Research. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/0738-859991229198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vasudev MK, Jayakumar PN, Srikanth SG, Nagarajan K, Mohanty A. Quantitative magnetic resonance techniques in the evaluation of intracranial tuberculomas. Acta Radiol 2007; 48:200-6. [PMID: 17354142 DOI: 10.1080/02841850601067678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate intracranial tuberculomas using quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) techniques such as T2 relaxometry, magnetization transfer (MT), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-three patients with intracranial tuberculomas (histologically confirmed in 22) were evaluated using proton density/T2-weighted, T1-weighted (with and without MT), and echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging sequences. T2 relaxation times, MT ratios (MTR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated from the center of the lesion, the periphery, perilesional edema, and contralateral normal white matter. The mean and standard deviation values of each variable were calculated and correlated using Pearson's test (P = 0.05). RESULTS The measured mean values of T2 relaxation time, MTR, and ADC in the center of lesions were 155.5 ms, 14.1, and 1.27 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s, respectively, compared to 117 ms, 23.72, and 0.74 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s in normal white matter, and a T2 relaxation time of 187.45 ms in normal gray matter. Significant inverse correlations were noted between T2 relaxation values and MTR (P<0.001) and between MTR and ADC (P = 0.046). Significant positive correlation was seen between T2 relaxation and ADC values (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Intracranial tuberculomas are characterized by relatively short T2 relaxation times (compared to normal gray matter), decreased MTR, and mostly no restriction of diffusion. A combination of these quantitative parameters could be of help in the noninvasive diagnosis of tuberculomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Vasudev
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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Mishra SK, Mohanty S, Mohanty A, Das BS. Management of severe and complicated malaria. J Postgrad Med 2006; 52:281-7. [PMID: 17102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe malaria is invariably caused by Plasmodium falciparum. In India, both adults and children are affected by severe malaria. However, children are more prone for developing anemia and convulsions as manifestations of severe malaria, while acute renal failure and jaundice are more common among adults. Pregnant women are vulnerable to hypoglycemia, anemia and pulmonary complications. The case-fatality rate due to severe malaria is 10-15% in spite of therapy but it increases in the presence of renal failure or respiratory distress (pulmonary edema or ARDS). Of late, multi-organ failure and high mortality figures are being reported increasingly from different parts of India. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment will reduce the mortality due to malaria. Cerebral malaria should always be suspected in a patient with altered sensorium in a malaria-endemic area. However, other causes of unconsciousness such as encephalitis, meningitis or hepatic coma should also be excluded. Parenteral quinine is the mainstay of therapy. A recent multi-centric study has demonstrated the efficacy of intravenous artesunate in reducing the mortality by 30%. The usefulness of adjunct therapy is still controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Mishra
- Internal Medicine and Critical Care Unit, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela, Orissa, India.
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Maqsood AAR, Devi IB, Mohanty A, Chandramouli BA, Sastry KVR. Third ventricular colloid cysts in children. Pediatr Neurosurg 2006; 42:147-50. [PMID: 16636614 DOI: 10.1159/000091856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colloid cysts of the 3rd ventricle are relatively rare intracranial tumours, more so in children. They are benign tumours with excellent prognosis if diagnosed and treated early. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 18 cases of colloid cysts in children below 18 years, operated in our institution between September 1998 and November 2003 (5 years) was made. Clinical presentation, radiological findings, surgical approaches and outcome were analysed. RESULTS Age ranged from 7 to 18 years. The male-to-female ratio was 12:6. Headache and vomiting were the most common symptoms. Papilloedema was the most common clinical sign. Pre-operative CT showed a hyperdense non-enhancing lesion in the majority. Twelve patients underwent a transcallosal, 2 a transcortical and 4 an endoscopic approach. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts were done in 5 patients. Postoperatively 2 patients developed epidural haemorrhage which required evacuation. One patient was re-explored for symptomatic residue. A mean follow-up of 10.2 months was available in 9 patients; the majority were asymptomatic. CONCLUSION Colloid cysts though rare are increasingly detected in children. Their early recognition and treatment give excellent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A R Maqsood
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Suresh TN, Santosh V, Yasha TC, Anandh B, Mohanty A, Indiradevi B, Sampath S, Shankar SK. Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity: a variant occurring in the very young-clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of four cases. Childs Nerv Syst 2004; 20:55-60. [PMID: 14657995 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-003-0855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT Four cases of medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) are described. The patients were 3 years of age or younger at diagnosis. Cranial CT scan disclosed multiple coalescing nodules with peculiar 'grape-like' architecture in three patients. A near total excision of the tumour was performed in all four patients. The patients are currently receiving radiation and chemotherapy. Histologically, the tumours were characterized by extreme nodularity with intranodular uniformity and low proliferative index. The internodular zones were extremely cellular, composed of undifferentiated, mitotically active cells. Bcl-2 protein expression was observed in the cellular zones but was distinctly absent within nodules. DISCUSSION MBEN represents a variant that occurs in very young children but has a good prognosis. The favourable outcome is probably related to its spontaneous neurocytic differentiation. The pattern of Bcl-2 immunoreactivity in MBENs indicates that this protein could be a key player in the regulation of neuronal differentiation in medulloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Suresh
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 560 029, Bangalore, India
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Pillai SV, Kolluri VR, Mohanty A, Chandramouli BA. Evaluation of nimodipine in the treatment of severe diffuse head injury: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Neurol India 2003; 51:361-3. [PMID: 14652439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to establish whether nimodipine given orally soon after severe diffuse head injury for a period of three weeks improved outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present report analyzes the results of a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of nimodipine in 97 severe head injury patients (GCS Score < or =8) treated at the Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, between January 1995 and June 1996. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups which were matched for age, sex, mode of injury, time interval from injury to admission, neurological status and CT scan findings. One group was given nimodipine 30 mg Q6H and the other group was given a placebo. The outcome of these patients at 6 months was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Score by and a psychologist. RESULTS Results showed no significant difference in the functional and psychological outcome between the two groups, even in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. No adverse drug events were recorded. CONCLUSION Oral nimodipine given for three weeks does not improve outcome in patients with severe diffuse head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Pillai
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore - 560029, India.
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Mohanty A, Jha R. Survey of drug abusers in pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/718591751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mohanty A, Kathuria H, Ferjani A, Sakamoto A, Mohanty P, Murata N, Tyagi AK. Transgenics of an elite indica rice variety Pusa Basmati 1 harbouring the codA gene are highly tolerant to salt stress. Theor Appl Genet 2002; 106:51-7. [PMID: 12582870 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2002] [Accepted: 03/28/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic lines of indica rice were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with the choline oxidase ( codA) gene from Arthrobacter globiformis. Choline oxidase catalyses conversion of choline to glycine betaine. Glycine betaine is known to provide tolerance against a variety of stresses. Molecular analyses of seven independent transgenic lines as performed by Southern, Northern and Western hybridization revealed integration and expression of the transgene as well as inheritance in the progeny plants. A good correlation was observed between levels of mRNA and protein accumulation, and a significant amount of choline oxidase product, i.e. glycine betaine, accumulated in R0 as well as R1 plants. Mendelian as well as non-Mendelian segregation patterns were obtained in the progeny plants. Challenge studies performed with R1 plants by exposure to salt stress (0.15 M NaCl) for 1 week, followed by a recovery period, revealed that in some cases more than 50% of the transgenic plants could survive salt stress and set seed whereas wild-type plants failed to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohanty
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi-110021, India
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Anandh B, Madhusudan Reddy KR, Mohanty A, Umamaheswara Rao GS, Chandramouli BA. Intraoperative bradycardia and postoperative hyperkalemia in patients undergoing endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 2002; 45:154-7. [PMID: 12353163 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During our initial experience with endoscopic third ventriculostomies, we observed intraoperative bradycardia and postoperative hyperkalemia. The present study was carried out to verify the consistency of these initial observations. Intraoperative heart rate (HR) changes and postoperative serum K + changes were studied prospectively in 20 patients of endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Another 6 patients who underwent endoscopic procedures other than ventriculostomy acted as controls. The anaesthetic technique and intraoperative and postoperative fluid regimen were similar in all patients. Serum K + concentrations were measured intraoperatively and once a day for the next 5 days. The third ventriculostomy group exhibited a significant slowing of the heart rate during the fenestration of the floor of the third ventricle (112 +/- 26 to 101 +/- 28 bpm, p < 0.001) and also at the time of the reversal of the neuromuscular block at the end of surgery (104 +/- 29 to 96 +/- 33 bpm, p < 0.01). The control group did not exhibit similar changes in the heart rate. The postoperative increase in serum K + values in the ventriculostomy group (0.82 +/- 0.55 mmol/L) was higher than that in the control group (0.10 +/- 0.44 mmol/L) (p < 0.01). Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is associated with a significant bradycardia at the time of fenestration and at the time of reversal of the neuromuscular block. The procedure is also associated with a postoperative increase in serum K + values. We propose a mechanism involving distortion of the posterior hypothalamus, which accounts for the bradycardia and postoperative hyperkalemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Anandh
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Mohanty A, Singh G, Paramasivam M, Sharma S, Yadav S, Kaur P, Srinivasan A, Singh TP. Structure of novel glycoprotein (BP-39) from goat mammary gland expressed during non-lactating period. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302097246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Roy S, Mohanty A, Kumar AS. Pulmonary autograft mitral valve replacement: initial experience with the Ross II procedure. Indian Heart J 2002; 54:276-8. [PMID: 12216923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renewed interest in mitral valve replacement with a pulmonary autograft encouraged us to perform this procedure in selected patients. METHODS AND RESULTS From August 2000 to February 2002, 10 patients between 30 and 52 years of age with calcific mitral valvular disease underwent the Ross II procedure. Patients were either in New York Heart Association functional class III (7/10) or IV (3/10). Transthoracic echocardiography was done in all the patients to confirm the diagnosis. A pulmonary autograft was used to replace the diseased mitral valve. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography confirmed normal functioning of the autograft. There were 2 early deaths. The 8 survivors are in New York Heart Association functional class I with excellent autograft and homograft function at a follow-up of 2-20 months (mean 9 months). CONCLUSIONS This procedure is a viable option for mitral valve replacement in patients with calcific mitral valve disease. However, the procedure is technically demanding and requires a valve bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Roy
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Abstract
Various surgical approaches to treat intraventricular cysticercosis have been practiced over the years. We now present our experience with the use of the endoscope in the removal of intraventricular cysticercal cysts in patients with intraventricular cysticercal lesions associated with hydrocephalus. From 1995 to 1998, we have excised intraventricular cysticercal cysts from 9 patients. They were located in lateral ventricle in 4, in the third ventricle in two and in the fourth ventricle in three patients. A Gaab's rigid neuroendoscope system was used to enter and excise cysts in the lateral and third ventricle. The flexible fiberoptic scope was used for excising cysts in the fourth ventricle, through a transaqueductal route. In all cases a precoronal frontal burr hole was used for entry. All have been treated with albendazole in the postoperative period. All the cysts were removed successfully using endoscopic neurosurgery alone. One patient had a superficial injury to the rigid side of the aqueduct with a postoperative deficit, which improved. Three septal perforations, three third ventriculostomies, and one aqueductoplasty were done in the same sitting after cyst removal for CSF diversion. None of the nine cases required further surgery up to date. The follow-up period varied from 12 to 45 months with a median of 18 months. Endoscopic neurosurgery is a minimally invasive technique enabling removal of intraventricular cyticercal cysts from all locations, avoiding major craniotomies/posterior fossa explorations and shunts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Anandh
- Department of Neurosurgery, NIMHANS, Bangalore - 560029, India
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Abstract
A population genetic study of chloroplast DNA was carried out in 23 wild populations of Prunus avium sampled from several European deciduous forests. An analysis of approx. 9% of the chloroplast genome detected mostly insertion-deletion mutations and one point mutation. In all, 16 haplotypes were detected. Six haplotypes were shared by two or more populations and 10 were unique. One haplotype was present in 21 of the 23 populations and 161 of 211 individuals, which probably indicates its ancient origin. The level of population subdivision, using unordered and ordered alleles, was low, GSTC=0.29 and NSTC=0.33, respectively. The difference between GSTC and NSTC is nonsignificant, indicating an absence of correlation between haplotype phylogeny and geographical distribution. The absence of phylogeographic structure in wild cherry may be attributed to long distance gene flow among populations by birds, animals and anthropogenic activities. The minimum-length spanning tree depicting the phylogenetic relationships between the haplotypes indicates the possible existence of two lineages represented by the haplotypes H3 and H4. The information about homogeneity or heterogeneity of populations in terms of haplotype constitution and detection of rare haplotypes in some populations will be useful for formulation of conservation and management strategies of wild cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohanty
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Mohanty A, Flint RW. Differential effects of glucose on modulation of emotional and nonemotional spatial memory tasks. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2001; 1:90-5. [PMID: 12467106 DOI: 10.3758/cabn.1.1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Research examining the memory-enhancing effects of glucose in humans has been limited to mnemonic tasks lacking affective components, even though glucose may be a mechanism for emotion-induced memory enhancement. This limitation does not permit analysis of interactions between the enhancing properties of emotional stimuli and glucose. Participants were administered either glucose or saccharin 15 min prior to completing a neutral or emotional spatial memory task. Performance under three glycemic conditions (100 mg/kg or 50 g glucose, or placebo) for the two sets of emotional stimuli revealed a significant interaction. Both 100-mg/kg and 50-g doses of glucose resulted in impaired performance for emotional stimuli. For neutral stimuli, a 100-mg/kg dose enhanced memory, whereas a 50-g dose showed no effect. Results indicate that the enhancing effects of emotional stimuli may be attenuated by the consumption of glucose and suggest that recent food consumption should be considered in paradigms examining memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mohanty
- University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Singh S, Mohanty A, Joshi YK, Dwivedi SN, Deka D. Outcome of hepatitis E virus infection in Indian pregnant women admitted to a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Med Res 2001; 113:35-9. [PMID: 21910283 DOI: pmid/21910283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES information on the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Indian pregnant women is scanty. Only a few studies have been done so far to document the vertical route of transmission of this virus. We therefore studied the prevalence of HEV infection in pregnant women with hepatitits and the outcome of their pregnancy. METHODS fifty pregnant women with clinical hepatitits were included in the study. After informed consent, their blood samples were tested for potential causes of hepatitis including hepatitis A, B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis E infections. RESULTS of the 50 cases, 20 (40%) patients were found to be positive for IgM anti -HEV (group A) and 30 (60%) were negative for IgM anti-HEV antibodies (group B). Overall 19 patients were in their second trimester while 30 were in third trimester. Of these 52.6 per cen (10/19) of those in second trimester and 50 per cent (15/30) in third trimester had fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Only one patient presented in the first trimester who had acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and recovered completely. Of the HEV infected women, 70 per cent were in their third trimester and remaining 30 per cent in second trimester of pregnancy. A similar percentage of patients i.e., 14 of 20 (70%) manifested with FHF while 6 (30%) had acute hepatitis leading to recovery. The percentage of women with FHF and acute hepatitis was 36.6 and 63 per cent, respectively, in group B. Upon follow up all the 13 of the 14 HEV infected patients with FHF expired and only one delivered a male baby during the illness. The fatality rate in HEV infected patients was not different between the second and third trimesters (66.6% vs. 71.43%), respectively). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS this study suggests that HEV causes high mortality in pregnant women as compared to non-HEV infected pregnant women. This pilot study indicates that steps should be taken to prevent HEV infection during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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