1
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Sam S, Ofoghi H, Farahmand B. Developing of SARS-CoV-2 fusion protein expressed in E. coli Shuffle T7 for enhanced ELISA detection sensitivity - an integrated experimental and bioinformatic approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38234051 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2302941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In the recent COVID-19 pandemic, developing effective diagnostic assays is crucial for controlling the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Multi-domain fusion proteins are a promising approach to detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. In this study, we designed an antigen named CoV2-Pro, containing two RBD domains from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants and one CTD domain of the nucleoprotein in the order of RBD-RBD-N, linked by a super flexible glycine linker. We evaluated the suitability of E. coli Shuffle T7 and BL21 (DE3) strain for expressing CoV2-Pro. Moreover, Bioinformatic studies were conducted first to analyze the tertiary structure of CoV2-Pro. The CoV2-Pro sequences were cloned into a pET-32b (+) vector for expression in E. coli Shuffle T7 and BL21 (DE3). SDS-PAGE and western blot confirmed the protein expression and folding structure. The CoV2-Pro-TRX was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Dot blot analysis was performed to evaluate the antigenic characterization of the CoV2-Pro. A molecular docking simulation was conducted to assess the binding affinity of CoV2-Pro with LY-COV555 (Bamlanivimab) monoclonal antibody. A molecular dynamic was performed to analyze the stability of the structure. Bioinformatic and experimental studies revealed a stable conformational 3D structure of the CoV2-Pro. The CoV2-Pro interacted with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, confirming the correct antigenic structure. We assert with confidence that CoV2-Pro is ideal for developing an ELISA assay for precise diagnosis and rigorous vaccine evaluation during the COVID-19 prevalence.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Sam
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ofoghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Shariati A, Hosseinzadeh SA, Barghi Z, Mortazavi SS, Atarod K, Shariati FS, Farahmand B. Synthesis of Ni 2+-functionalized polydopamine magnetic beads for facilitated purification of histidine-tagged proteins. AMB Express 2023; 13:112. [PMID: 37833506 PMCID: PMC10575826 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Facilitated purification of proteins, at a low cost and a short time, is one of the key steps in the industrial production of recombinant proteins. In the current study, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs) are considered in the synthesis of magnetic beads for purifying recombinant proteins due to advantages such as biocompatibility/ biodegradability, easy synthesis, as well as the ability to directly chelate metal ions. They were synthesized in Tris buffer (pH: 8:5), then chelated with Fe3+(20 mg) and Ni2+ ions at concentrations of 2, 3, 5, and 7 mg/ml. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The size distribution of the particles was reported in the narrow range of 120-140 nm and 200 to 220 nm by the SEM image and DLS analysis, respectively. The chelation of ions on the surface of the nanoparticle was confirmed by the ICP technique with a magnetization of 35.42 emu/g. The highest adsorption rate of Ni2+ ions to polydopamine was obtained at a ratio of 1.4. The SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis confirmed the purification of eGFP and Hsp40 by PDA/Fe3+/Ni2+ at 26 and 40 kDa compared to the commercial nickel column. Moreover, the concentration of purified eGFP by PDA/Fe3+/Ni2+ was reported 138.83 µg/ml by the fluorescent signals, which is almost equal to or more than the protein purified by commercial Ni-NTA column (108.28 µg/ ml). The stability of PDA/Fe3+/Ni2+ has also been evaluated by ICP-OES for 10 days, and the result suggested that PDA magnetic beads were stable. Therefore, it can be concluded that PDA/Fe3+/Ni2+ have the ability to purify recombinant proteins in one less step and shorter time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shariati
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ali Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Barghi
- Infuenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sogand Sadat Mortazavi
- Farzanegan high school, National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Atarod
- Farzanegan high school, National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents, Tehran, Iran
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Farahmand B, Sadat Larijani M, Fotouhi F, Biglari A, Sorouri R, Bagheri Amiri F, Eslamifar A, Jalali T, Salehi-Vaziri M, Banifazl M, Dahmardeh S, Eshratkhah Mohammadnejad A, Bavand A, Tavakoli M, Verez-Bencomo V, Mostafavi E, Noori Daloii H, Ashrafian F, Saberpour M, Ramezani A. Evaluation of PastoCovac plus vaccine as a booster dose on vaccinated individuals with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20555. [PMID: 37810803 PMCID: PMC10551543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has been managed through global vaccination programs. However, the antibody waning in various types of vaccines came to notice. Hereby, PastoCovac Plus as a protein subunit vaccine was investigated in immunized health care workers by COVAXIN (BBV152). The booster vaccine was recommended at least three months post the second dose of COVAXIN. Sera collection was done before and after each injection. SARS-CoV-2 PCR test was done monthly to detect any asymptomatic and symptomatic vaccine breakthrough. 47.9 and 24.3% of the participants were seronegative for anti-N and anti-S antibodies three months after the second dose of COVAXIN, respectively. On average, fold-rises of 70, 93, 8 and mean-rises of 23.32, 892.4, 5.59 were recorded regarding neutralizing antibody, quantitative and semi-quantitative anti-Spike antibody, respectively. Anti-Spike and neutralizing antibodies seroconversion was seen 59.3% and 45.7%, respectively. The vaccine breakthrough assessment showed that all the isolated samples belonged to SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. PastoCovac Plus boosting is strongly recommended in combination with inactivated vaccine platforms against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Biglari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Sorouri
- IPI Directorate, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Eslamifar
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Banifazl
- Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Dahmardeh
- Vaccination Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Bavand
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Tavakoli
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Noori Daloii
- Health and Safety Department, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ashrafian
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberpour
- Department of Influenza and Other Rrespiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Moeini S, Mohebbi A, Farahmand B, Mehrbod P, Fotouhi F. Phylogenetic analysis and docking study of neuraminidase gene of influenza A/H1N1 viruses circulating in Iran from 2010 to 2019. Virus Res 2023; 334:199182. [PMID: 37490957 PMCID: PMC10407273 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (H1N1) have been consistently one of the most evolving viruses that escape from vaccine-induced immunity. Although there has been a rapid rise in human influenza virus knowledge since the 2009 pandemic, the molecular information about Iranian strains is still inadequate. The aim of this study was to analyze the neuraminidase (NA) segment of the Iranian isolates in terms of phylogenetic, antiviral resistance, and vaccine efficiency. Ninety-three NA sequences collected among 1758 nasopharyngeal swab samples during the 2015-2016 influenza season were sequenced and submitted to NCBI. Moreover, all the submitted Iranian influenza H1N1 NA sequences since 2010 till 2019 were included in the study. Software including MEGA-X, MODELLER, UCSF ChimeraX, Auto-Dock 4.2, and other online tools were used to analyze the phylogenetic relationship, vaccine efficiency, and binding affinity to sialic acid of the selected NA proteins. Moreover, the information about antiviral drug resistance mutations of NA were gathered and compared to the Iranian NA segments to check the presence of antiviral drug-resistant strains. The phylogenetic study showed that most Iranian NA sequences (between 2015 and 2016) were located in a single clade and following years were located in its subclade by 3 major mutations (G77R/K, V81A, and J188T). Resistant mutations in drug targets of NA including I117M, D151E, I223V, and S247N were ascertained in 10 isolates during the 2015-2016 flu seasons. Investigation of vaccination effect revealed that Iranian isolates in 2017 and 2018 were best matched to A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1), and in 2019 to A/Guangdong-Maonan/SWL1536/2019 (H1N1). Furthermore, we performed an in-silico analysis of NA enzymatic activity of all Iranian sequences by assessment of enzyme stability, ligand affinity, and active site availability. Overall, the enzyme activity of four Iranian strains (AUG84119, AUG84157, AUG84095, and AUG84100) was assumed as the maximum enzyme activity. This study highlighted the evolutionary trend of influenza A virus/H1N1 circulating in Iran, which provides a preliminary viewpoint for a better comprehension of new emerging strains' virulence and thus, more appropriate monitoring of influenza virus A/H1N1 during each outbreak season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Moeini
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Mohebbi
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Gholami S, Mafakher L, Fotouhi F, Bambai B, Cohan RA, Mehrbod P, Shokouhi H, Farahmand B. Computational peptide engineering approach for selection of the new C05 antibody-driven peptide with potency to blocking influenza a virus attachment; from in silico to in vivo. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37553776 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2241554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Antiviral drugs are currently used to prevent or treat viral infections like influenza A Virus (IAV). Nonetheless, annual genetic mutations of influenza viruses make them resistant to efficient treatment by current medications. Antiviral peptides have recently attracted researchers' attention and can potentially supplant the current medications. This study aimed to design peptides against IAV propagation. For this purpose, P2 and P3 peptides were computationally designed based on the HCDR3 region of the C05 antibody (a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes influenza HA protein and inhibits the virus attachment). The synthesized peptides were tested against the influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)) in vitro, and the most efficient peptide was selected for in vivo experiments. It was shown that the designed peptide shows much more prophylactic and therapeutic effects against the virus. These findings demonstrated that the designed peptide can control the virus infection without any cytotoxicity effect. Antiviral peptide design is acknowledged as a critical tactic to manage viral infections by preventing viral binding to the host cells.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Gholami
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Mafakher
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Bambai
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahangari Cohan
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Shokouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Maleki M, Hosseini SM, Farahmand B, Saleh M, Shokouhi H, Torabi A, Fotouhi F. Induction of Homosubtypic and Heterosubtypic Immunity to Influenza Viruses Using a Conserved Internal and External Proteins. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:212. [PMID: 37191741 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03331-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The immunogenicity and protective properties of the designed recombinant fusion peptide of 3M2e and truncated nucleoprotein (trNP), originating from Influenza A virus, were investigated in the BALB/c mice model in comparison with the Mix protein (3M2e + trNP). The results were evaluated by antibody response, cytokine production, lymphocyte proliferation assay, and mortality rate after challenge with homologous (H1N1) and heterologous (H3N2) influenza viruses in BALB/c mice. The animals that received the chimer protein with or without adjuvant had more specific antibody responses and elicited memory CD4 T cells, and cytokines of Th1 and Th2 cells compared to the Mix protein. Moreover, the Mix protein, like the recombinant chimer protein, provided equal and effective protection against both homologous and heterologous challenges in mice. Nevertheless, the chimer protein demonstrated superior immune protection compared to the Mix protein. The percentage of survived animals in the adjuvanted protein group (78.4%) was less than the non-adjuvanted one (85.7%). However, the Mix protein plus Alum could induce protective immunity in only 57.1% and 42.8% of homologous and heterologous virus-challenged mice, respectively. Regarding the sufficient immunogenicity and protectivity of the chimer protein construct against influenza viruses, the findings of the study suggest that the chimer protein without a requirement of adjuvant can be used as an adequate vaccine formulation to protect against a broad spectrum of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoosh Maleki
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Maryam Saleh
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Shokouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Ali Torabi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Tehran, 69, 1316943551, Iran.
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Morshedi F, Nazeri E, Saleh M, Farahmand B. Fusion Protein Consisting of Hemagglutinin Small Subunit and Truncated Nucleoprotein as a Universal Influenza Vaccine Candidate: Starting In-Silico Evaluation Toward In Vitro Expression. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:57-62. [PMID: 37313538 PMCID: PMC10259740 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_114_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza virus is a respiratory pathogen, which causes high degree of mortality and morbidity during seasonal epidemics and sporadic pandemics. By selecting conserved antigenic proteins, for example, hemagglutinin small subunit (HA2) and nucleoprotein (NP), we aimed to develop a vaccine based on a fusion protein leading to both cellular and humoral responses that are the most challenging aspects in designing a universal vaccine. Materials and Methods The bioinformatics analysis was performed for HA2-NP structure and function prediction. Primers for the antigenic part of NP were designed using bioinformatics tools. The desired product was amplified via polymerase chain reaction using the designed primers, which was then penetrated into T vector, followed by insertion into pET28a vector in order to construct pET28a/NP. The pET28a/HA2, previously generated in our lab, was digested with the same restriction enzymes as pET28a/NP (HindIII/Xhol). Then, NP was inserted to the downstream region of HA2 to construct pET28a/HA2. Results The generated pET28a/HA2-NP was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The expression was induced by isopropyl β-d-l-thiogalactopyranoside. The results showed that the antigenic segment of NP was successfully cloned into pET28a/ HA2. The protein band of HA2-NP was observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, confirmed by Western blotting and purified with Ni-NTA purification system (QIAGEN, Germany). Conclusion As currently available vaccines can cause some allergic reactions, using a chimer protein based on the bioinformatics analysis is continual, safe, and affordable, thus stimulating both cellular and humoral immunity systems. Our construct could potentially provide a basis for a universal vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Morshedi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Sciences, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Nazeri
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Saleh
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Baghbanbashi A, Farahmand B, Azadinia F, Jalali M. Evaluation of User's Satisfaction With Orthotic and Prosthetic Devices and Services in Orthotics and Prosthetics Center of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Can Prosthet Orthot J 2022; 5:37981. [PMID: 37614476 PMCID: PMC10443524 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v5i1.37981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients receiving orthotics and prosthetic services is increasing globally. A way to investigate patients' insight about services provided to them is to evaluate their satisfaction with the received services. Furthermore, incorporating patients' preferences into practice is an inseparable part of evidence-based practice. Applying such information in practice can contribute to the enhancement of the quality of services, the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, and finally, the economic growth of service centers. OBJECTIVES To evaluate patients' satisfaction with the orthotic and prosthetic devices and services provided by the orthotics and prosthetics clinic of Iran University of Medical Sciences. METHODOLOGY In this study, 173 people referring to the orthotics and prosthetics clinic of Iran University of Medical Sciences were recruited, and their satisfaction level was examined using the Orthotics and Prosthetics Users' Survey questionnaire (OPUS) through a phone interview. FINDINGS Concerning the devices, the mean value of total satisfaction score was 74:00±19.80 and the highest score belonged to no wear or rupture of the clothes with their devices (mean value = 4.76±0.84). In terms of services, the mean value of total satisfaction score was 72.12 ± 15.90 with the highest score belonging to the politeness of the clinic staff (mean value = 4.92±0.57). When the time point from receiving service was taken into account, the patients who received the service for less than a year showed higher satisfaction level with the service (p=0.024). Although satisfaction with the device was slightly higher among the participants who used the devices for more than a year, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of device satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The overall satisfaction level from the devices and services was relatively high. However, the satisfaction level with the costs and coordination of the staff with the physicians showed a decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baghbanbashi
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Orthotics and Prosthetics Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Farahmand
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Orthotics and Prosthetics Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Azadinia
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Orthotics and Prosthetics Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Jalali
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Orthotics and Prosthetics Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Mahooti M, Abdolalipour E, Farahmand B, Shirian S, Ghaemi A. Immunomodulatory effects of probiotic Lactobacillus casei on GM-CSF-adjuvanted influenza DNA vaccine. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study investigates the protective efficacy of influenza DNA vaccine combined with a granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) adjuvant, and probiotic Lactobacillus casei, an oral immunomodulator, in a BALB/c mice. Materials & methods: The mice were immunized with HA1 DNA vaccine along with GM-CSF and probiotic twice within a one-week interval. Results: The results showed that both adjuvants exert a synergistic effect in enhancing the humoral and cellular immune responses of the DNA vaccine. This combination also deceased IL-6 and IL-17A levels in the lung homogenates. The protection patterns were closely associated with influenza virus-specific splenocyte proliferative and serum IgG antibody (Ab) responses. Conclusion: The Findings demonstrate L. casei modulate balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses toward HA1 DNA vaccine adjuvanted by GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Mahooti
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Abdolalipour
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
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10
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Salehi-Vaziri M, Pouriayevali MH, Fotouhi F, Jalali T, Banifazl M, Farahmand B, Sadat Larijani M, Ahmadi Z, Fereydouni Z, Tavakoli M, Karami A, Azad-Manjiri S, Yektay Sanati P, Dahmardeh S, Nemati AH, Sajadi M, Kashanian S, Ramezani A. SARS-CoV-2 re-infection rate in Iranian COVID-19 cases within one-year follow-up. Microb Pathog 2021; 161:105296. [PMID: 34801646 PMCID: PMC8599135 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic initiation, the possibility of re-infection has been unclearly present. Although herd immunity has a potential reliance through natural infection, human corona viruses has the ability to subvert immunity and re-infection happens for seasonal corona viruses. Currently, the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 re-infection incidence is not exactly defined. In this study we aimed at determination of SARS-CoV-2 re-infection rate in Iranian population. In a total of 5696 COVID-19 suspicious individuals, RT-PCR was applied to diagnose the infection. The confirmed patients were followed for 12 months and serology tests were applied to measure the specific antibodies. Among 1492 confirmed COVID-19 cases, five individuals experienced the subsequent infection. The re-infection/reactivation incidence rate was totally 0.33% after one year of follow-up. The interval ranged from 63 to 156 days. All the cases had viral mutations in the second episode of the infection. All of them were symptomatic cases with moderate severity. The estimated rate of SARS-CoV-2 in Persian population is therefore rare and natural infection seems to induce good protection against re-infection which clarifies that mass vaccination can hugely affect the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses of Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Banifazl
- Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses of Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Zahra Ahmadi
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Fereydouni
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Tavakoli
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afsaneh Karami
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Sanam Azad-Manjiri
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Sarah Dahmardeh
- Vaccination Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hesam Nemati
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzyie Sajadi
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Setareh Kashanian
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Rostaminia S, Aghaei SS, Farahmand B, Nazari R, Ghaemi A. Computational Design and Analysis of a Multi-epitope Against Influenza A virus. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 27:2625-2638. [PMID: 34539293 PMCID: PMC8435298 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses are among the most studied viruses, however no effective prevention against influenza infection has been developed. So, designing an effective vaccine against Influenza A virus is a critical issue in the field of medical biotechnology. For this reason, to combat this disease, we have designed a novel multi-epitope vaccine candidate based on the several conserved and potential linear B-cell and T-cell binding epitopes by using the in silico approach. This vaccine consists of an ER signal conserved sequence, the PADRE conserved epitope and two conserved epitopes of Influenza matrix protein 2. T-cell binding epitopes from Matrix protein 2 were predicted by in silico tools of epitope prediction. The selected epitopes were joined by flexible linkers and physicochemical properties, toxicity, and allergenecity were investigated. The designed vaccine was antigenic, immunogenic, and non-allergenic with suitable physicochemical properties and has higher solubility. The final multi-epitope construct was modeled, confirmed by different programs and the molecular interactions with immune receptors were considered. The molecular docking assay indicated the interactions with immune-stimulatory toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI). The HADDOCK and H DOCK servers were used to make docking analysis, respectively. The docking analysis indicated a strong and stable binding interaction between the vaccine construct with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and toll-like receptor 3. Overall, the findings suggest that the current vaccine may be a promising vaccine to prevent Influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Rostaminia
- Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziye Nazari
- Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Jalalvand A, Khatouni SB, Najafi ZB, Fatahinia F, Ismailzadeh N, Farahmand B. Computational drug repurposing study of antiviral drugs against main protease, RNA polymerase, and spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 using molecular docking method. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:85-95. [PMID: 34265888 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The new Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) created a pandemic in the world in late 2019 and early 2020. Unfortunately, despite the increasing prevalence of the disease, there is no effective drug for the treatment. A computational drug repurposing study would be an appropriate and rapid way to provide an effective drug in the treatment of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, the inhibitory potential of more than 50 antiviral drugs on three important proteins of SARS-CoV-2, was investigated using the molecular docking method. METHODS By literature review, three important proteins, including main protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and spike, were selected as the drug targets. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of protease, spike, and RdRp proteins was obtained from the Protein Data Bank. Proteins were energy minimized. More than 50 antiviral drugs were considered as candidates for protein inhibition, and their 3D structure was obtained from Drug Bank. Molecular docking settings were defined using Autodock 4.2 software and the algorithm was executed. RESULTS Based on the estimated binding energy of docking and hydrogen bond analysis and the position of drug binding, five drugs including, indinavir, lopinavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, and remdesivir, had the highest inhibitory potential for all three proteins. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, among the mentioned drugs, saquinavir and lopinavir showed the highest inhibitory potential for all three proteins compared to the other drugs. This study suggests that saquinavir and lopinavir could be included in the laboratory phase studies as a two-drug treatment for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Jalalvand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Behjat Khatouni
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahri Najafi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Foroozan Fatahinia
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Narges Ismailzadeh
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tarbiat Modarres, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Fotouhi F, Salehi-Vaziri M, Farahmand B, Mostafavi E, Pouriayevali MH, Jalali T, Mazaheri V, Sadat Larijani M, Tavakoli M, Eshratkhah Mohammadnejad A, Afzali N, Zokaei A, Hosseini S, Mortazavipour MM, Oskouei F, Ramezani A. Prolonged viral shedding and antibody persistence in patients with COVID-19. Microbes Infect 2021; 23:104810. [PMID: 33741515 PMCID: PMC7963517 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2021.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 as a new global threat has affected global population for one year. Despite the great effort to eradicate this infection, there are still some challenges including different viral presentation, temporal immunity in infected individuals and variable data of viral shedding. We studied 255 COVID-19 suspected individuals to assess the viral shedding duration and also the antibody development against SARS-CoV-2 among the cases. Real Time RT-PCR assay was applied to determine the virus presence and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were evaluated using SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG kits. 113 patients were confirmed for COVID-19 infection. The patients were followed until negative PCR achieved. The median viral shedding among studied population was obtained 34.16 (±17.65) days which was not significantly associated with age, sex and underlying diseases. Shiver and body pain were found in prolonged form of the infection and also patients who had gastrointestinal problems experienced longer viral shedding. Moreover, IgG was present in 84% of patients after 150 days. According to this data, the median viral shedding prolongation was 34.16 days which indicates that 14 days isolation might not be enough for population. In addition, IgG profiling indicated that it is persistent in a majority of patients for nearly 6 months which has brought some hopes in vaccine efficacy and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahideh Mazaheri
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mahsa Tavakoli
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Neda Afzali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afsaneh Zokaei
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - SeyedeAtefe Hosseini
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Salehi-Vaziri M, Omrani MD, Pouriayevali MH, Fotouhi F, Banifazl M, Farahmand B, Sadat Larijani M, Ahmadi Z, Fereydouni Z, Tavakoli M, Jalali T, Ramezani A. SARS-CoV-2 presented moderately during two episodes of the infection with lack of antibody responses. Virus Res 2021; 299:198421. [PMID: 33836204 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The world has gone through the critical phase of SARS-CoV-2 crisis caused by the new variants of the virus. The globally concerted effort to characterize viral genomic mutations across different clades has revealed several changes in the coding and also non-coding regions which might lead to a violent presentation or re-infection occurrence. Here, we studied a COVID-19 subject who represented the symptoms following the full recovery of the first infection. COVID-19 specific IgM and IgG were evaluated in both steps. The viral samples from oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal were subjected to RT-PCR and full sequencing was done in both incidences. The sequencing data was fully investigated with the reference sequence of SARS-CoV-2 and the changes were detected. The obtained data is in favor of re-infection with 128 days of interval. SARS-CoV-2 presented more severely in the second episode of the disease and the specific antibodies against COVID-19 were not detectable. Both infections were caused by the same clade 20G, however, the mutation rates were higher in the second incidence including 10 nucleotide substitutions which had rarely been reported before. In the present study, the nucleotide mutations in various regions of the viral genome have been presented. The re-infection could have significant effect on clinical implications as well as vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses of Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Banifazl
- Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses of Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Ahmadi
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Fereydouni
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Tavakoli
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Farahmand B, Balabanova Y, Stattin P, Garmo H, Brobert G. PO-20 Incidence of venous thromboembolism in men with prostate cancer and men without prostate cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden. Thromb Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(21)00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Brobert G, Farahmand B, Stattin P, Garmo H, Balabanova Y. PO-45 Long-term anticoagulation for the treatment and secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism among men with prostate cancer in Sweden: risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism and major bleeding. Thromb Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(21)00218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Mehrbod P, Eybpoosh S, Farahmand B, Fotouhi F, Khanzadeh Alishahi M. Association of the host genetic factors, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes with mild influenza in an Iranian population. Virol J 2021; 18:64. [PMID: 33766078 PMCID: PMC7993858 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in host genetic factors may result in variation in the host immune response to the infection. Some chronic diseases may also affect individuals' susceptibility to infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the host genetic factors mostly involved in inflammation, as well as hypercholesterolemia and diabetes with mild flu in an Iranian population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from 93 patients referred to primary care centers of Markazi, Semnan, and Zanjan provinces (central Iran) due to flu-like symptoms between March 2015 and December 2018. Of these, PCR test identified 49 influenza A/H1N1 and 44 flu-negative individuals. Twelve single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RPAIN, FCGR2A, MBL-2, CD55, C1QBP, IL-10, TNF-α and an unknown gene were genotyped using iPLEX GOLD SNP genotyping analysis. Hypercholesterolemia and diabetes status was determined based on the physician diagnosis. Association of the host genetic variants, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes with mild A/H1N1 flu was assessed with univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis as implemented in Stata software (v.14). Statistical tests were considered as significant at 0.05 levels. RESULTS Frequency of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, as well as participants mean age was significantly higher in the flu-negative rather than the flu-positive group. Of 12 SNPs, nine did not show any significant association with mild flu in our study (rs1801274, rs1800451, rs2564978, rs361525, rs1800450, rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800896, rs1800629). Possessing G vs. A allele in two SNPs (rs3786054 and rs8070740) was associated with a threefold increase in the chance of mild flu when compared to flu-negative patients (95% CI: 1.1, 22.0). Possessing C allele (vs. A) in the rs9856661 locus also increased the chance of mild flu up to 2 folds (95% CI: 1.0, 10.0). CONCLUSION The results showed that possessing the G allele in either rs3786054 or rs8070740 loci in C1QBP and RPAIN genes, respectively, increased the risk of H1N1 infection up to 3.3 folds, regardless of the patient's age, BMI, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Complementary functional genomic studies would shed more light on the underlying mechanism of human immunity associated with these genetic markers. The identified genetic factors may have the same role in susceptibility to similar respiratory infections with RNA viruses, like SARS, MERS and COVID-19. Future genetic association studies targeting these RNA viruses, especially COVID-19 is recommended. Studies on other ethnic groups would also shed light on possible ethnic variations in genetic susceptibility to respiratory RNA viruses. Trial registry IR.PII.REC.1399.063.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Eybpoosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Salehi-Vaziri M, Jalali T, Farahmand B, Fotouhi F, Banifazl M, Pouriayevali MH, Sadat Larijani M, Afzali N, Ramezani A. Clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 by re-infection vs. reactivation: a case series from Iran. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 40:1713-1719. [PMID: 33738620 PMCID: PMC7972329 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-021-04221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 immunity in infected individuals may not be persistent. The specific response wanes in patients who have recovered from this infection. Nevertheless, it has not been fully understood whether true re-infection occurs or the viral reactivation. In this study, we investigated three COVID-19 patients who represented the symptoms after recovery. Chest CT scan was applied to assess the patients along with the viral samples from oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal which were subjected to RT-PCR. The viral genome sequencing was applied where possible to distinguish possible re-infection or latent reactivation. Moreover, COVID-19-specific antibodies available data were evaluated in each incidence. The second episode of SARS-CoV-2 infection was different among the investigated subjects who experienced an interval between positive PCR tests ranged between 63 and 156 days. The disease presentation was less or more severe in the second infection. All cases were found IgG positive in the re-infection phase. The sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 sample obtained from two cases revealed a D614G mutation of S gene from the second isolated sample strengthens the case for the re-infection. The possibility of re-infection and reactivation could have significant effect on clinical implications and also vaccination. Our data supports clear warning of SARS-CoV-2 continuous circulation potency among the populations in spite of herd immunity either with natural infection or vaccination. This issue is critical in term of the patients, clinical investigate, and viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Jalali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of influenza and other respiratory viruses, Pasteur institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of influenza and other respiratory viruses, Pasteur institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Banifazl
- Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Disease, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali
- COVID-19 National Reference Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sadat Larijani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Neda Afzali
- Rapid Reaction Force, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amitis Ramezani
- Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran.
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19
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Zhang W, Schulze-Rath R, Farahmand B, Bender S, Schmitz A, Tukiainen M, Perälä M, Zong J. 132P TRKing PTC patients: NTRK gene fusion frequency and clinical characteristics of a Finnish papillary thyroid cancer cohort. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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20
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Asadollahi Z, Behzadian F, Fotouhi F, Farahmand B, Kouhestani S. Characterization of the Non-Structural Gene of Influenza A Virus H1N1 in Iran. Res Mol Med 2019. [DOI: 10.32598/rmm.7.2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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21
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Saleh M, Nowroozi J, Fotouhi F, Farahmand B. Physicochemical study of the influenza A virus M2 protein and aluminum salt adjuvant interaction as a vaccine candidate model. Future Virol 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The present study evaluated the structural changes resulting from the interaction between a recombinant influenza A virus M2 protein and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to investigate the antigen for further immunological studies. Materials & methods: Membrane protein II was produced from the H1N1 subtype of human influenza A virus. The interaction between M2 protein and alum inum hydroxide adjuvant was evaluated by physicochemical techniques including scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis spectra, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Results: Physicochemical methods showed high-level protein adsorption and accessibility to the effective parts of the protein. Conclusion: It was concluded that M2 protein secondary structural perturbations, including the α-helix-to-β-sheet transition, enhanced its mechanical properties toward adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saleh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Nowroozi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza & Respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza & Respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Farahmand B, Taheri N, Shokouhi H, Soleimanjahi H, Fotouhi F. Chimeric protein consisting of 3M2e and HSP as a universal influenza vaccine candidate: from in silico analysis to preliminary evaluation. Virus Genes 2018; 55:22-32. [PMID: 30382564 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-1609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The 23-amino acid ectodomain of influenza virus M2 protein (M2e) is highly conserved among human influenza virus variants and represents an attractive target for developing a universal vaccine. Although this peptide has limited potency and low immunogenicity, the degree of M2e density has been shown to be a critical factor influencing the magnitude of epitope-specific responses. The aim of this study was to design a chimer protein consisting of three tandem repeats of M2e peptide sequence fused to the Leishmania major HSP70 gene and evaluate its characteristics and immunogenicity. The structure of the deduced protein and its stability, aliphatic index, biocomputed half-life and the anticipated immunogenicity were analyzed by bioinformatics software. The oligonucleotides encoding 3M2e and chimer 3M2e-HSP70 were expressed in Escherichia coli and affinity purified. The immunogenicity of the purified recombinant proteins was preliminary examined in mouse model. It was predicted that fusion of HSP70 to the C-terminal of 3M2e peptide led to increased stability, hydropathicity, continuous B cell epitopes and antigenic propensity score of chimer protein. Also, the predominant 3M2e epitopes were not hidden in the chimer protein. The initial in vivo experiment showed that 3M2e-HSP chimer protein stimulates specific immune responses. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that 3M2e-HSP chimer protein would be an effective universal subunit vaccine candidate against influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Najmeh Taheri
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Shokouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran.
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Mohebbi A, Fotouhi F, Jamali A, Yaghobi R, Farahmand B, Mohebbi R. Molecular epidemiology of the hemagglutinin gene of prevalent influenza virus A/H1N1/pdm09 among patient in Iran. Virus Res 2018; 259:38-45. [PMID: 30336188 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In 2015, the influenza virus A/H1N1/pdm09 strain outbreak became prevalent throughout the different provinces of Iran. There are relatively limited complete genetic sequences available for this virus from Asian countries. Diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza is essential for detecting novel genetic variants causing epidemic potential. This study describes the genetic properties of HA genome of influenza A/H1N1 pdm09 viruses circulating in Iran during the 2015/2016 season. In order to investigate the genetic pattern of influenza A/H1N1 pdm09, a total of 1758 nasopharyngeal swabs were screened by real-time RT-PCR. Of those, 510 cases were found to be positive for A/H1N1/pdm09 virus. Evolution of the approximately 100 positive specimens with high virus load was conducted via genomic phylogeny. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA genes of the A/H1N1pdm09 viruses revealed the circulation of clade 6B1, characterized by amino acid substitutions S84N, S162N and I216T, where position 162 became glycosylated. The N-glycosylation of HA protein is post or co-translational modification that affect the evolution of influenza viruses. For influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses, we found more mutations in the antigenic sites than in the stem region. The results of this study confirmed the necessity of constant regular antigenic and molecular surveillance of circulating seasonal influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Mohebbi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science Agriculture and Modern Technology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Jamali
- Department of Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mohebbi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Åsberg S, Farahmand B, Hasvold P, Johansson S, Appelros P. Non-cardioembolic TIA and ischemic stroke: Implications of severity. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 138:369-376. [PMID: 29920644 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to explore major vascular and bleeding outcomes in relation to risk and severity scores (ABCD2 or NIHSS) in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS This nationwide observational study was based on data from 4 national registries. Outcomes were assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS The total cohort comprised 21 268 patients (median age 73 years, 47.6% females). Based on ABCD2-score, the TIA-population (n = 10 174) was divided into low-risk (0-3 p, n = 3463) and high-risk (4-7 p, n = 6711). Based on NIHSS-score, the AIS-population (n = 11 454) was divided into minor (0-5 p, n = 8596), moderate (6-10 p, n = 1630) and severe (≥11 p, n = 1228). During follow-up (mean 1.7 years), the composite endpoint of stroke, myocardial infarction or death occurred in 3572 (16.5%) of all the patients, and major bleeding in 668 (3.1%) patients. Using low-risk TIA as reference, the adjusted hazard ratios (HR, 95% CI) of the composite endpoint were 1.41 (1.23-1.62) for high-risk TIA, 1.94 (1.70-2.22) for minor, 2.86 (2.45-3.34) for moderate and 4.18 (3.57-4.90) for severe stroke. When analyzed separately, the association with increased risk remained significant for stroke and death, but not for myocardial infarction. The HR of major bleeding were 1.31 (0.99-1.73) for high-risk TIA, 1.49 (1.13-1.95) for minor, 1.54 (1.08-2.21) for moderate and 2.10 (1.44-3.05) for severe stroke. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the association between severity of the index ischemic stroke and risk of future major vascular and bleeding events, and highlights the increased risk also for patients with high-risk TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Åsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - P. Hasvold
- AstraZeneca Nordic Baltic; Södertälje Sweden
| | | | - P. Appelros
- Faculty of Medicine and Health; University Health Care Research Center; Örebro University; Örebro Sweden
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Mohammadpour A, Ashkezari MD, Farahmand B, Shokrzadeh M. Demographic Characteristics and Functional Performance of the Kidneys and Hearts of Patients with Acute Tramadol Toxicity. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2018; 69:207-210. [PMID: 29996175 DOI: 10.1055/a-0646-3918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tramadol overdose is disproportionately more common in Iran, and in recent years, it has become one of the most common causes of poisoning admissions to emergency departments in this country. Tramadol is a synthetic analogue of codeine and a weak opioid receptor (μ) agonist that can cause seizures even in commonly used doses. AIMS This study aimed to examine the relationship between seizure and plasma tramadol concentration in patients with tramadol poisoning who referred to one of the hospitals in Ghaemshahr, Iran. STUDY DESIGN This research is an analytical cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 121 tramadol users (non-seizure group=61 and seizure group=60) were admitted to hospital. Demographic characteristics and clinical findings were collected by a questionnaire. Plasma was harvested after separation from blood cells and quantified using the HPLC method. Biochemical parameters, including urea, creatinine, troponin I, and creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) were determined by spectrophotometry. This study was a single blind design study. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 25 years. Ninety-five participants were classified as smokers. The mean serum concentrations of tramadol in subjects with seizures and those without seizures were 491.90 μg/ml and 374.42 μg/ml (p=0.211), respectively. Average concentrations of biochemical parameters in the seizure group were 53.33 (9.38) µg/ml urea, 1.71 (0.29) µg/ml Cr, 6.53 (2.89) µg/ml TPI, and 58.23 (22.20) µg/ml CPK- MB. Average concentrations of biochemical parameters were significantly higher in the seizure group than in the non-seizure group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Tramadol-induced seizures were not found to be related to age, gender, or dosage. This complication can lead to cardiac and renal complications in individuals on tramadol experiencing seizures. This result indicates that stricter restrictions should be imposed on the distribution and administration of the drug tramadol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mohammadpour
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Influenza and other respiratory virus research department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Sclool of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Shokouhi H, Farahmand B, Ghaemi A, Mazaheri V, Fotouhi F. Vaccination with three tandem repeats of M2 extracellular domain fused to Leismania major HSP70 protects mice against influenza A virus challenge. Virus Res 2018; 251:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Mehrbod P, Abdalla MA, Njoya EM, Ahmed AS, Fotouhi F, Farahmand B, Gado DA, Tabatabaian M, Fasanmi OG, Eloff JN, McGaw LJ, Fasina FO. South African medicinal plant extracts active against influenza A virus. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:112. [PMID: 29587734 PMCID: PMC5872571 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza infection remains a major health threat for animals and humans which crucially requires effective antiviral remedies. The usage of herbal medications as readily available alternatives for their compatibility with the body and fewer side effects compared to synthetic chemical treatments has become popular globally. The aim of this study was to investigate and screen in vitro anti-influenza activity of extracts of five South African medicinal plants, namely Tabernaemontana ventricosa, Cussonia spicata, Rapanea melanophloeos, Pittosporum viridiflorum and Clerodendrum glabrum, species which are used traditionally for the treatment of several diseases such as inflammatory and respiratory diseases. METHODS Methanol, ethanol (100% and 30%), acetone, hot and cold water extracts of the powdered plants leaves were obtained by standard methods. The cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT colorimetric assay on MDCK cells. The concentrations below CC50 values were tested for antiviral activity against influenza A virus (IAV) in different combination treatments. The effect of extracts on viral surface glycoproteins and viral titer were tested by HI and HA virological assays, respectively. RESULTS Based on the applied methods, the most effective results against IAV were obtained from Rapanea melanophloeos methanol leaf extract (EC50 = 113.3 μg/ml) and Pittosporum viridiflorum methanol, 100% and 30% ethanol and acetone leaf extracts (EC50 values = 3.6, 3.4, 19.2, 82.3 μg/ml, respectively) in all types of combined treatments especially in pre- and post-penetration combined treatments with highly significant effects against viral titer (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION The outcomes offer for the first time a scientific basis for the use of extracts of Rapanea melanophloeos and Pittosporum viridiflorum against IAV. It is worth focusing on the isolation and identification of effective active compounds and elucidating the mechanism of action from these species. However, Tabernaemontana ventricosa, Cussonia spicata and Clerodendrum glabrum leaf extracts were ineffective in vitro in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mehrbod
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- 0000 0000 9562 2611grid.420169.8Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muna A. Abdalla
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel M. Njoya
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Aroke S. Ahmed
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- grid.463291.bFederal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- 0000 0000 9562 2611grid.420169.8Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- 0000 0000 9562 2611grid.420169.8Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorcas A. Gado
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mansoureh Tabatabaian
- 0000 0000 9562 2611grid.420169.8Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of IRAN, Tehran, Iran
| | - Olubunmi G. Fasanmi
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Department of Production Animal Studies, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Animal Health, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jacobus N. Eloff
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Folorunso O. Fasina
- 0000 0001 2107 2298grid.49697.35Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- ECTAD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Block P, Level 3, United Nations Complex, UN Avenue, Gigiri, Nairobi, Kenya
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Mehrbod P, Eybpoosh S, Fotouhi F, Shokouhi Targhi H, Mazaheri V, Farahmand B. Association of IFITM3 rs12252 polymorphisms, BMI, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia with mild flu in an Iranian population. Virol J 2017; 14:218. [PMID: 29121968 PMCID: PMC5680824 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IFITM3 has been suggested to be associated with infection in some ethnic groups. Diabetes and hypercholesterolemia are also important clinical conditions that can predispose individuals to infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of rs12252 C polymorphism, BMI, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia with mild flu in an Iranian population. Methods We conducted a case-control study, including 79 mild flu and 125 flu-negative individuals attending primary care centers of three provinces of Iran (i.e, Markazi, Semnan, and Zanjan). Pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from all participants, and were subjected to RNA and DNA extractions for Real-time PCR and PCR tests. All PCR products were then sequenced to find T/C polymorphisms in the rs12252 region. Data on demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables were collected from participants’ medical records available in the primary care centers. The data was analyzed using DNASIS (v. 2.5) and Stata (v.11) software. Results All participants were of Fars ethnic background. The allele frequency for rs12252-C was found to be 9.49% among cases and 2.40% among controls. Carriers of the rs12252 C allele (CT + CC genotypes) showed 5.92 folds increase in the risk of mild flu comparing to the T allele homozygotes (P value: 0.007). We also found a significant positive association between rs12252 C allele heterozygote and mild flu (OR: 7.62, P value: 0.008), but not in C allele homozygote group (OR: 2.71, P value: 0.406). Similarly, we did not find a significant association between mild flu and BMI (OR: 1.06, P value: 0.087), diabetes (OR: 0.61, P value: 0.392), and hypercholesterolemia (OR: 0.50, P value: 0.393) in multivariable logistic regression. Conclusions This is the first study evaluating the association between rs12252 polymorphisms, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and BMI and susceptibility to mild flu in an Iranian population. Our results suggest a significant positive association between mild flu and rs12252 C allele heterozygous and carriage. Future replication of the strong association observed here between rs12252 C allele carriage and mild flu might candidate this polymorphism as a genetic marker for early screening of susceptibility to mild flu. Lack of significant association between C allele homozygous and mild flu, observed in this study, might be the result of small sample size in this group. Trial registration IR.PII.REC.1395.3. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-017-0884-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sana Eybpoosh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vahideh Mazaheri
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Hatamihanza H, Hashemi M, Akbarzadeh A, Fotouhi F, Farahmand B, Shahmabadi HE. Generation of truncated recombinant form of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 to produce cancer vaccine. TROP J PHARM RES 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v15i11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Farahmand B, Akbari A, Akbari K, Fotouhi Chahouki F, Mehrbod P, Jalili N. Cloning, expression and purification of hemagglutinin conserved domain (HA2) of influenza A virus, to be used in broad-spectrum subunit vaccine cocktails. vacres 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/vacres.3.8.9.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Mohammadzadeh Y, Gholami S, Rasouli N, Sarrafzadeh S, Seyed Tabib NS, Samiee Aref MH, Abdoli A, Biglari P, Fotouhi F, Farahmand B, Tavassoti Kheiri M, Jamali A. Introduction of cationic virosome derived from vesicular stomatitis virus as a novel gene delivery system for sf9 cells. J Liposome Res 2016; 27:83-89. [PMID: 26981843 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2016.1144205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Insect-derived cell lines are used extensively to produce recombinant proteins because they are capable of performing a range of post-translational modifications. Due to their significance in biotechnological applications, various methods have been developed to transfect them. In this study, we introduce a virosome constructed from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as a new delivery system for sf9 cells. We labeled these VSV virosomes by fluorescent probe Rhodamine B chloride (R18). By fluorescence microscope observation and conducting a fusion assay, we confirmed the uptake of VSV virosomes via endocytosis by sf9 cells and their fusion with the endosomal membrane. Moreover, we incubated cationic VSV virosomes with a GFP-expressing bacmid and transfected sf9 cells, after 24 h some cells expressed GFP indicating the ability of VSV virosomes to deliver heterologous DNA to these cells. This is the first report of a virosome-based delivery system introduced for an insect cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shima Gholami
- a Influenza Research Laboratory, Department of Virology and
| | - Narges Rasouli
- a Influenza Research Laboratory, Department of Virology and
| | | | | | | | - Asghar Abdoli
- b Department of Hepatitis and AIDS , Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Abbas Jamali
- a Influenza Research Laboratory, Department of Virology and
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Moeini S, Behzadian F, Farahmand B. Construction of chimeric protein 3M2e.FliC and its immunoinformatics analyses and expression in Bacillus subtilis. vacres 2016. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.vacres.3.7.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Bergman EM, Henriksson KM, Åsberg S, Farahmand B, Terént A. National registry-based case-control study: comorbidity and stroke in young adults. Acta Neurol Scand 2015; 131:394-9. [PMID: 25684429 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stroke is overrepresented in cohorts of young adults with chronic diseases. The prevalence and impact of comorbidity among young stroke patients have not been compared with individuals without stroke. Our aim was to investigate the association between comorbidity and stroke in young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nationwide cohort of patients (aged 15-44 years), registered in the Swedish Stroke Register, (Riksstroke) 2001-2009, was identified. Age- and sex-matched controls were randomly selected from the Population Register of Sweden. Discharge diagnoses were retrieved from the National Patient Register and grouped by chapter in the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision. Associations between ICD-10 chapters and stroke were stratified (age, sex, and stroke type) and analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS In 2599 stroke patients analyzed, the prevalence of vascular risk factors (hypertension 25.3%, dyslipidemia 13.0%, diabetes 9.7%, heart failure 3.2%, and atrial fibrillation 2.8%), all ICD-10 chapters (except pregnancy) and prestroke hospitalizations were more frequent among cases than controls. Independent associations were found between stroke and eight ICD-10 chapters: neoplasms (odds ratios (OR) 1.53, 95% CI 1.15-2.05), blood (OR 1.61, 1.11-2.34), endocrine (OR 2.28, 1.77-2.93), psychiatric (OR 1.50, 1.24-1.81), nervous (OR 1.91, 1.46-2.50), eye (OR 1.67, 1.05-2.64), circulatory (OR 3.05, 2.45-3.80), and symptoms (OR 1.31, 1.13-1.52). The risk of stroke increased by 26% per ICD-10 chapter diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS In addition to vascular risk factors, comorbidity (represented by ICD-10 chapters) was associated with increased risk of stroke in young individuals. The risk of stroke was further increased with the number of diagnosed ICD-10 chapters.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.-M. Bergman
- Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - K. M. Henriksson
- Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
- AstraZeneca R&D; Mölndal Sweden
| | - S. Åsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - B. Farahmand
- Department of Neurobiology; Care Sciences and Society; Alzheimer Disease Research Center; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - A. Terént
- Department of Medical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
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Mehrbod P, Fotouhi F, Irani Mokhtari G, Mohammadpour A, Farahmand B. Comparison of Vero and MDCK cell lines transfected with human siat7e gene for conversion to suspension culture. vacres 2015. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.vacres.2.4.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Fotouhi F, Farahmand B, Heidarchi B, Esghaei M, Rafati S, Tavassoti Kheiri M. In Vitro Evaluation of Influenza M2 and Leishmania major HSP70 (221-604) Chimer Protein. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 7:e11812. [PMID: 25485058 PMCID: PMC4255373 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.11812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Permanent antigenic variation of influenza viruses causes a major concern to develop an effective human influenza vaccine. Conserved antigens are new vaccine candidates because it is not necessary to match the prepared vaccine with circulating strains. Ion channel M2 protein is conserved among all influenza A viruses, allowing the virus to enter host cells. Objectives: To prepare an effective vaccine against influenza A viruses, a chimerical DNA plasmid encoding Influenza virus M2 protein and Leishmania major HSP70 was constructed. Materials and Methods: Influenza A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) was inoculated into MDCK cell line and total RNA was extracted. The full length M2 gene was amplified by RT-PCR using designed specific primers, cloned into pGEM-T Easy cloning vector and completely sequenced. The M2 gene was then subcloned into the pcDNA upstream of HSP70 gene. Recombinant plasmids were transfected into COS-7 cells to evaluate protein expression. Results: The recombinant plasmids were confirmed by PCR, restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing. Three dimensional structure of chimer protein was assessed using specific software. Transient protein expression in eukaryotic cells was confirmed by specific mRNA detection, indirect Immunofluorescence test and western blotting. Conclusions: M2-HSP70 chimer protein was successfully expressed in eukaryotic cells. Computational studies of chimer peptide sequence revealed that fusing HSP to the C-terminal of M2 protein does not mask the predominant epitope of M2. HSP70 is a molecular chaperon and immunostimulatory component. Genetically fusing antigens to HSPs leads to the enrichment of DNA vaccine potency. The immunogenicity of this construct with different formulation would be evaluated in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Fatemeh Fotouhi, Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, , Tehran, IR Iran.Tel/ Fax: +98-2166496517, E-mail:
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Behnaz Heidarchi
- Influenza Research Lab, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Virology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Sima Rafati
- Molecular Immunology and Vaccine Research Lab, Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
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Kianmehr Z, Ardestani SK, Soleimanjahi H, Farahmand B, Abdoli A, Khatami M, Akbari K, Fotouhi F. An effective DNA priming-protein boosting approach for the cervical cancer vaccination. Pathog Dis 2014; 73:1-8. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftu012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Skillback T, Farahmand B, Bartlett JW, Rosen C, Mattsson N, Nagga K, Kilander L, Religa D, Wimo A, Winblad B, Rosengren L, Schott JM, Blennow K, Eriksdotter M, Zetterberg H. CSF neurofilament light differs in neurodegenerative diseases and predicts severity and survival. Neurology 2014; 83:1945-53. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Religa D, Fereshtehnejad SM, Eriksson H, Fisahn S, Farahmand B, Lundberg C, Johansson K, Eriksdotter M. Actions to stop driving in different types of dementia: Data on 8850 patients from the Swedish dementia quality registry (SveDem). J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alavi-Esfahani MA, Fotouhi-Chahooki F, Saleh M, Tavakoli R, Farahmand B, Ghaemi A, Tavassoti-Kheiri M. Over Expression of Influenza Virus M2 Protein in Prokaryotic System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.21859/isv.6.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yousefi A, Fotouhi F, Hosseinzadeh S, Kheiri MT, Farahmand B, Montazeri S, Mousavi F. Expression of antigenic determinants of the haemagglutinin large subunit of novel influenza virus in insect cells. Folia Biol (Praha) 2012; 58:151-156. [PMID: 22980506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The global outbreak of novel A/H1N1 spread in human population worldwide has revealed an emergency need for producing a vaccine against this virus. Current influenza vaccines encounter problems with safety issues and weak response in high-risk population. It has been established that haemagglutinin is the most important viral antigen to which antibody responses are directed, and recombinant subunit vaccines, haemagglutinin of influenza A and B viruses, have been considered in order to facilitate vaccine production. In the present study, we have focused on construction of a recombinant baculovirus encoding the large subunit of novel influenza virus A/H1N1 haemagglutinin. The full genome of haemagglutinin was cloned into pGEM-TEasy vector and sequenced. The large subunit of the haemagglutinin gene was amplified by PCR using specific primers and cloned into pFast- BacHTc donor plasmid, which was then confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing and transformed into E. coli DH10Bac competent cells. The bacmid DNA was transfected into insect cells to produce recombinant baculovirus. Expression of recombinant haemagglutinin in insect cells was determined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. It has been shown that the recombinant haemagglutinin (rHA) obtained from the baculovirus insect cell expression system has suitable immunogenicity in human and can be considered as a candidate flu vac- cine. Here we produced large amounts of the HA1 protein of novel influenza A/H1N1 (Iranian isolate) in insect cells. The immunogenicity and efficacy of the recombinant HA1 will be evaluated as a vaccine candidate and compared to the recombinant HA1 produced in a prokaryotic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yousefi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Farahmand B, Khodabandeh M, Mahboudi F, Fotouhi F, Saleh M, Barkhordari F, Tabatabaian M, Nasab FP, Kheiri MT. Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: A Model for Protein N-Glycosylation in Recombinant Escherichia coli. Intervirology 2012; 55:219-24. [DOI: 10.1159/000327784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zadeh SH, Fotouhi F, Kheiri MT, Razavi MR, Heydarchi B, Farahmand B, Najafi S. Isolation and cloning of large subunit of Influenza virus A (H1N1) hemagglutinin gene into Bacmid vector to construct recombinant Baculovirus. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3019435 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s1-p12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Fotouhi F, Kheiri MT, Esghaei M, Heydarchi B, Farahmand B, Mazaheri V. Expression of a chimerical pcDNA encoding influenza virus M2 protein and HSP70 gene in eukaryotic cell lines. BMC Proc 2011. [DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s1-p2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Esghaei M, Monavari SHR, Tavassoti-Kheiri M, Shamsi-Shahrabadi M, Heydarchi B, Farahmand B, Saleh M, Fotouhi F. Expression of the influenza M2 protein in three different eukaryotic cell lines. J Virol Methods 2011; 179:161-5. [PMID: 22079618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current influenza virus vaccines provide protection in part by antibodies induced to the two surface glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase. As a result of the continuous antigenic drift of these glycoproteins, a frequent update of the composition of influenza vaccines is required. The search for more conserved viral epitopes which would induce protective immunity against seasonal influenza viruses and eventually also to novel pandemic influenza viruses has a long history. The ectodomain of the Influenza A Virus M2 Protein has been identified as a possible candidate immunization against influenza. The present study describes the expression of cloned M2 gene in MDCK, HeLa, and COS-7 cells, i.e., in three established eukaryotic cell lines. The expression efficiency was demonstrated by immunofluorescent staining of transfected cells by ELISA, by SDS-PAGE-, and by Western blot-analysis. High level of expression was observed in COS-7 cells. Expression in HeLa and MDCK cells was less efficient. The plasmids constructed in this study may, after modifications, be used for the production of a DNA vaccine. Alternatively the expression product could be refined and used as a purified antigen for the vaccine. Thus, the M2 recombinant protein provides an ideal product for further antigenic, biochemical, structural and functional characterization of the protein and for evaluating its potential for immunodiagnosis and in vaccine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fotouhi F, Kheiri MT, Esghaei M, Heydarchi B, Farahmand B, Mazaheri V. Expression of a chimerical pcDNA encoding influenza virus M2 protein and HSP70 gene in eukaryotic cell lines. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3019443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Fotouhi
- Influenza unit, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - MT Kheiri
- Influenza unit, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Esghaei
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Heydarchi
- Influenza unit, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Farahmand
- Influenza unit, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - V Mazaheri
- Influenza unit, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Farahmand B, Khodabandeh M, Mahboodi F, Fotouhi F, Saleh M, Barkhordari F, Tabatabaian M, Torabi A, Kheiri M. Cloning and Expression of Influenza Virus A (H1N1) Haemagglutinin large subunit in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Terént A, Asplund K, Farahmand B, Henriksson KM, Norrving B, Stegmayr B, Wester PO, Asberg KH, Asberg S. Stroke unit care revisited: who benefits the most? A cohort study of 105,043 patients in Riks-Stroke, the Swedish Stroke Register. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80:881-7. [PMID: 19332423 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.169102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment at stroke units is superior to treatment at other types of wards. The objective of the present study is to determine the effect size of stroke unit care in subgroups of patients with stroke. This information might be useful in a formal priority setting. METHODS All acute strokes reported to the Swedish Stroke Register from 2001 through 2005 were followed until January 2007. The subgroups were age (18-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+ years and above), sex (male, female), stroke subtype (intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction and unspecified stroke) and level of consciousness (conscious, reduced, unconscious). Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the risk for death, institutional living or dependency. RESULTS 105,043 patients were registered at 86 hospitals. 79,689 patients (76%) were treated in stroke units and 25,354 patients (24%) in other types of wards. Stroke unit care was associated with better long-term survival in all subgroups. The best relative effect was seen among the following subgroups: age 18-64 years (hazard ratio (HR) for death 0.53; 0.49 to 0.58), intracerebral haemorrhage (HR 0.61; 0.58 to 0.65) and unconsciousness (HR 0.70; 0.66 to 0.75). Stroke unit care was also associated with reduced risk for death or institutional living after 3 months. CONCLUSIONS Stroke unit care was associated with better long-term survival in all subgroups, but younger patients, patients with intracerebral haemorrhage and patients who were unconscious had the best relative effect and may be given the highest priority to this form of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Terént
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Abstract
The specific health benefits achieved from different forms and patterns of leisure-time physical activity are not established. We analyzed the mortality in a cohort of Swedish golf players. We used the Swedish Golf Federation's membership registry and the nationwide Mortality Registry. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMR) with stratification for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The cohort included 300 818 golfers, and the total number of deaths was 1053. The overall SMR was 0.60 [95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.57-0.64]. The mortality reduction was observed in men and women, in all age groups, and in all socioeconomic categories. Golfers with the lowest handicap (the most skilled players) had the lowest mortality; SMR=0.53 (95% CI: 0.41-0.67) compared with 0.68 (95% CI: 0.61-0.75) for those with the highest handicap. While we cannot conclude with certainty that all the 40% decreased mortality rates are explained by the physical activity associated with playing golf, we conclude that most likely this is part of the explanation. To put the observed mortality reduction in context, it may be noted that a 40% reduction of mortality rates corresponds to an increase in life expectancy of about 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Farahmand
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zammit S, Rasmussen F, Farahmand B, Gunnell D, Lewis G, Tynelius P, Brobert GP. Height and body mass index in young adulthood and risk of schizophrenia: a longitudinal study of 1 347 520 Swedish men. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007; 116:378-85. [PMID: 17919157 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Measures of body size reflect genetic and environmental influences on growth and energy balance. Associations between such measures and risk of schizophrenia have been inconsistent. METHOD This is a population-based cohort study of 1 347 520 men born in Sweden from 1952 to 1982, with height and body mass index (BMI) data available from conscription records. The Swedish National Hospital Discharge Register was used to identify subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia from 1970 to 2000. RESULTS Subjects with lower BMI and shorter height had an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. Underweight subjects had an approximately 30% increase in risk compared with normal BMI subjects (adjusted HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.20-1.42). Tall subjects had an approximately 15% reduction in risk compared with short subjects (adjusted HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.80-0.92). CONCLUSION Both height and BMI in early adulthood are strongly and inversely associated with risk of schizophrenia. We discuss these findings in relation to possible genetic and nutritional causal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zammit
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, UK
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Sennerby U, Farahmand B, Ahlbom A, Ljunghall S, Michaëlsson K. Cardiovascular diseases and future risk of hip fracture in women. Osteoporos Int 2007; 18:1355-62. [PMID: 17492247 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We used a population-based case-control study in women and linkage to the Swedish in-patient register to examine if there is an increased risk of hip fracture after a cardiovascular disease. There was a substantially increased risk of hip fracture after a diagnosis of a cardiovascular disease. INTRODUCTION Recent data have indicated that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) might have a relationship to osteoporosis, which may explain the increased risk of mortality after hip fracture. It is uncertain, however, whether there is an increased risk of fracture after any cardiovascular disease and in subgroups of CVDs. The objective of this study was to determine whether there are associations between CVD and future hip fracture risk. Knowledge of the risk pattern would lead to better understanding of common pathologic pathways of osteoporosis and CVD. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study of 1,327 incident hip fracture cases and 3,170 randomly selected population controls among women 50-81 years old in Sweden. Information on cardiovascular and other diseases before the fracture was obtained by linkage to the Swedish National Inpatient Register. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) where calculated by unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Before study entry, CVDs were diagnosed more than twice as commonly among fracture cases (25%) as among controls (12%). Also, after adjustment for variables including several chronic diseases, we found a doubled risk of hip fracture after a CVD event (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.92-2.94). There was a gradient increase in risk of hip fracture with increasing number of hospitalizations for CVD and highest fracture risk occurred the first year after the CVD event. Hypertension, heart failure, and cerebrovascular lesions remained independent risk factors, with 2- to 3-fold increases in odds ratios, even after mutual adjustments for other CVDs. CONCLUSION There was a substantially increased risk of hip fracture in women after a diagnosis of a CVD, a finding compatible with the concept of common pathologic pathways for osteoporotic fractures and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sennerby
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
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