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Öztürk Bakar Y, Demiryas S, Ceylan Kılınçarslan A, Demirci M, Kepil N, Bakar MT, Taner Z, Tokuç E, Ziyad MA, Taşçı İ, Kocazeybek BS, Bahar Tokman H. [The Relationship of Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis and Fusobacterium nucleatum Intestinal Colonization with Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study Performed with Colon Biopsies]. MIKROBIYOL BUL 2023; 57:353-364. [PMID: 37462300 DOI: 10.5578/mb.20239929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it has been shown that some bacteria may be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, it was aimed to investigate the role of Fusobacterium nucleatum and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) in the etiology of CRC by comparing the amounts of these bacteria in colon biopsy tissues of patients with CRC and healthy individuals. The amounts of F.nucleatum and ETBF were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in colon biopsy samples taken from 35 CRC and 35 healthy individuals, and the results were compared in the patient and control groups. The detection rate and amounts of F.nucleatum were found to be statistically significantly higher in tissues of female patients with CRC compared to male patients (p= 0.003, p= 0.013, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the tissues of female and male patients with CRC in terms of detection rate and amount of ETBF (p= 0.521, p= 0.515, respectively). It was found that in the 50-74 age group, the amount of ETBF was statistically significantly higher in women and men with CRC compared to the controls (p= 0.005, p= 0.047, respectively), while the amount of F.nucleatum was statistically significantly higher in female patients compared to controls. However, no difference was found between male patients and controls (p= 0.009, p= 0.083). It was determined that the detection rate and amount of F.nucleatum in the tissues of patients with CRC, regardless of age and gender, were not statistically different from the controls (p= 0.473, p= 0.995, respectively), however, the detection rate of ETBF and the amount of ETBF were found to be statistically significantly higher (p= 0.002, p= 0.004, respectively). It has been determined that ETBF can play a role in the etiology of CRC in both men and women, and F.nucleatum only in women, in the age range of 50-74 years, when routine screenings for CRC are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Öztürk Bakar
- University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Demiryas
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Ceylan Kılınçarslan
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Demirci
- Kırklareli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Kırklareli, Türkiye
| | - Nuray Kepil
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Tuğberk Bakar
- Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Taner
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Edip Tokuç
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Muhuyedin Abdırahman Ziyad
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - İhsan Taşçı
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hrisi Bahar Tokman
- İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Erdem MG, Unlu O, Buber S, Demirci M, Kocazeybek BS. Could Prior COVID-19 Affect the Neutralizing Antibody after the Third BNT162b2 Booster Dose: A Longitudinal Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030560. [PMID: 36992144 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is an essential public health measure for preventing the spread of illness during this continuing COVID-19 epidemic. The immune response developed by the host or the continuation of the immunological response caused by vaccination is crucial since it might alter the epidemic’s prognosis. In our study, we aimed to determine the titers of anti-S-RBD antibody and surrogate neutralizing antibody (snAb) formed before and after the third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccination (on the 15th, 60th, and 90th days) in healthy adults who did not have any comorbidity either with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this longitudinal prospective study, 300 healthy persons were randomly included between January and February 2022, following two doses of BNT162b2 immunization and before a third dosage. Blood was drawn from the peripheral veins. SARS-CoV-2 NCP IgG and anti-S-RBD IgG levels were detected by the CMIA method, and a surrogate neutralizing antibody was seen by the ELISA method. Our study included 154 (51.3%) female and 146 (48.7%) male (total 300) participants. The participants’ median age was 32.5 (IQR:24–38). It was discovered that 208 individuals (69.3%) had never been infected with SARS-CoV-2, whereas 92 participants (30.7%) had SARS-CoV-2 infections in the past. Anti-S-RBD IgG and nAb IH% levels increased 5.94- and 1.26-fold on day 15, 3.63- and 1.22-fold on day 60, and 2.33- and 1.26-fold on day 90 after the third BNT162b2 vaccine dosage compared to pre-vaccination values (Day 0). In addition, the decrease in anti-S-RBD IgG levels on the 60th and 90th days was significantly different in the group without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the group with past SARS-CoV-2 infection (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it was observed that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and the third BNT162b2 vaccine dose led to a lower decrease in both nAb and anti-S-RBD IgG levels. To evaluate the vaccine’s effectiveness and update immunization programs, however, it is necessary to perform multicenter, longer-term, and comprehensive investigations on healthy individuals without immune response issues, as there are still circulating variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Genco Erdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Beykent University, İstanbul 34398, Türkiye
| | - Ozge Unlu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, İstanbul 34403, Türkiye
| | - Suleyman Buber
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medicalpark Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, İstanbul 34240, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Demirci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirklareli University, Kırklareli 39100, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul 34098, Türkiye
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Demirci M, Saribas AS, Siadat SD, Kocazeybek BS. Editorial: Blood microbiota in health and disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1187247. [PMID: 37033492 PMCID: PMC10073664 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1187247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Demirci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Türkiye
- *Correspondence: Mehmet Demirci,
| | - A. Suat Saribas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Yilmaz A, Turan N, Kocazeybek BS, Dinc HO, Tali HE, Aydin O, Tali HB, Yilmaz SG, Konukoglu D, Borekci S, Bold D, Roman Sosa G, Gungordu N, Vardaloglu I, Gareayaghi N, Guzel M, Guner E, Sadeyen JR, Chang P, Iqbal M, Richt JA, Yilmaz H. Development of in House ELISAs to Detect Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Infected and Vaccinated Humans by Using Recombinant S, S1 and RBD Proteins. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:3085. [PMID: 36553092 PMCID: PMC9777145 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to produce in-house ELISAs which can be used to determine SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels directed against the spike protein (S), the S1 subunit of S and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S in SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated and infected humans. (2) Methods: Three in-house ELISAs were developed by using recombinant proteins of SARS-CoV-2, namely the S, S1 and RBD proteins. Specificity and sensitivity evaluations of these tests were performed using sera from SARS-CoV-2-infected (n = 70) and SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated (n = 222; CoronaVac vaccine) humans in Istanbul, Turkey. The analyses for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were performed using the in-house ELISAs, a commercial ELISA (Abbott) and a commercial surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). We also analyzed archival human sera (n = 50) collected before the emergence of COVID-19 cases in Turkey. (3) Results: The sensitivity of the in-house S, S1 and RBD ELISAs was found to be 88.44, 90.17 and 95.38%, while the specificity was 72.27, 89.08 and 89.92%, respectively, when compared to the commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody test kit. The area under curve (AUC) values were 0.777 for the in-house S ELISA, 0.926 for the S1 ELISA, and 0.959 for the RBD ELISA. The kappa values were 0.62, 0.79 and 0.86 for the S, S1 and RBD ELISAs, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The in-house S1 and RBD ELISAs developed in this study have acceptable performance characteristics in terms of sensitivity, specificity, AUC and kappa values. In particular, the RBD ELISA seems viable to determine SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels, both in infected and vaccinated people, and help mitigate SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Yilmaz
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Nuri Turan
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Harika Oyku Dinc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Hasan Emre Tali
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Ozge Aydin
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Hamid Besim Tali
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Semaha Gul Yilmaz
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Dildar Konukoglu
- Department of Biocehmistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Sermin Borekci
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Dashzeveg Bold
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Gleyder Roman Sosa
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Nejdiye Gungordu
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Ilgim Vardaloglu
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Gareayaghi
- Sisli, Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospiatal, Blood Center, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Mine Guzel
- Biruni Laboratories, Esentepe, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Ebru Guner
- Biruni Laboratories, Esentepe, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | | | - Pengxiang Chang
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Munir Iqbal
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Juergen A. Richt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Huseyin Yilmaz
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Hadimkoy, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
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Kırış MT, Ergün S, Akıncı O, Ergin S, Velidedeoğlu M, Kocazeybek BS, Göksoy E. Evaluation of <em>Echinococcus</em> DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in cystic <em>Echinococcosis</em> of the liver. Turk J Surg 2022; 38:196-201. [PMID: 36483165 PMCID: PMC9714648 DOI: 10.47717/turkjsurg.2022.5427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the DNA and genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus in liver cyst hydatids isolated in humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was conducted prospectively at the Department of General Surgery of the Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, University of İstanbul-Cerrahpaşa, between January 2015 and June 2016 in 30 patients who were operated on for cystic Echinococcosis. E. granulosus DNA was analyzed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in the cyst samples (protoscolex and/or germinative membrane) obtained during the operation, and genotype was determined in the PCR positive samples by sequence analysis. At the same time, indirect hemagglutination (IHA) was used to test for the presence of antibodies in the patients' blood. RESULTS E. granulosus DNA was found in 29 out of 30 cystic Echinococcosis of the liver samples. All of the 29 cystic Echinococcosis samples were found to be G1 (sheep) species. Also, IHA was positive in 22 patients and negative in eight patients. CONCLUSION In the present study, G1 species was the most commonly seen liver cystic Echinococcosis species. We suggest that a vaccine, which could be developed against prevalent regional genotypes, would be efficacious in the prevention of the disease with a cause of mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Tolga Kırış
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sefa Ergün
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ozan Akıncı
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sevgi Ergin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Velidedeoğlu
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ertuğrul Göksoy
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Tuyji Tok Y, Dinç HÖ, Akçin R, Daşdemir FO, Eryiğit ÖY, Demirci M, Gareayaghi N, Kuşkucu MA, Kocazeybek BS. [Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Tests in COVID-19 Patients]. MIKROBIYOL BUL 2022; 56:251-262. [PMID: 35477228 DOI: 10.5578/mb.20229805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The gold standard in the definitive diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) due to their high sensitivity and specificity in detecting viral ribonucleic acid. However, while leaving two years behind in the pandemic, resources have come to the point of exhaustion in terms of both the economy and the manpower working in the field of health services. Therefore, the need for rapid, simple and accurate tests to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection continues. In this study, it was aimed to compare the performance characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests (RAgT) in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases with the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) method. In Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine COVID-19 Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive respiratory tract samples with viral loads of <25 Ct (cycle of treshold), 25-29 Ct, 30-35 Ct and 35<Ct, a total of 205 patient samples were selected in four groups. SARS-CoV-2 positive samples were studied by lateral flow method (LFA) using twelve commercial RAgTs of different companies and their performances were evaluated. In addition, 90 samples were selected from various respiratory tract samples archived, which were sent to our laboratory for the identification of the non-COVID-19 pathogen(s) causing the respiratory tract infection between 2020-2022 and their specificities for RAgTs were evaluated to avoid cross reactivity. The sensitivities of the SARS-CoV-2 RAgTs included in the study, ranged from 40.4-97.5%, while the sensitivity of most of the kits (8/12), at <25 Ct values, was <90%, which is the minimum limit in the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)'s guideline for the use of SARS-CoV-2 RAgTs. The specificities of RAgTs were found to be between 90-100%. When the concordance of SARS-CoV-2 RAgTs with rRT-PCR positivity was evaluated with the kappa coefficient, the concordance of only one RAgT was found to be statistically significant (Kappa= 0.88). SARS-CoV-2 RAgTs have a potential use as a diagnostic tool in symptomatic people, as a routine screening tool in community living environments, and in situations such as ending the isolation of the patients. Each country should carry out validation studies before the use of these tests, taking into account of their socio-economic situation, healthcare infrastructure and current epidemiological data of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Tuyji Tok
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harika Öykü Dinç
- Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rüveyda Akçin
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Osman Daşdemir
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Demirci
- Kırklareli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Kırklareli, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Gareayaghi
- Istanbul University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Blood Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mert Ahmet Kuşkucu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Dinc HO, Saltoglu N, Can G, Balkan II, Budak B, Ozbey D, Caglar B, Karaali R, Mete B, Tuyji Tok Y, Ersoy Y, Ahmet Kuskucu M, Midilli K, Ergin S, Kocazeybek BS. Inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccine generates high antibody responses in healthcare workers with and without prior infection. Vaccine 2022; 40:52-58. [PMID: 34839992 PMCID: PMC8606260 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Healthcare workers (HCWs) were among the first groups to be vaccinated in Turkey. The data to be obtained by the vaccination of HCWs would guide wide spread vaccination programs. Materials and Methods The study included 330 HCWs working at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Hospital and vaccinated with inactive CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, China) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in two doses (28 days apart). Anti-Spike /RBD IgG levels were measured 14 days after the first dose and 28 days after the second dose. Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) (ARCHITECT IgG II Quant test, Abbott, USA), which is 100% compatible with plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), was used. Results Of the participants, 211 (63.9%) were female, 119 (36.1%) were male, and mean age was 39.6 ± 7.7 years. In those without prior COVID-19 history; (n = 255) antibody positivity was detected as 48.2% (95% CI: 42.1–54.3) 14 days after the first dose of vaccine, and 99.2% (95% CI: 98.1–100) at day 28 after the second dose. Antibody titers were significantly lower in patients with hypertension (p = 0.011). In those with prior history of COVID-19 (n = 75); both the antibody positivity rates after the first vaccine (48.2% vs 100%, p = 0.000) and the anti-spike/RBD antibody levels after the second vaccine (with a ≥ 1050 AU/mL titer equivalent to PRNT 1/80 dilution) was significant than infection-naive group (25.9% vs. 54.7%, p = 0.000). Antibody positivity after two doses of vaccination for all study group was 99.4% (95% CI: 98.6–100). Conclusions Two doses CoronaVac produce effective humoral immunity in HCWs. Antibody response is significantly higher in those with prior history of COVID-19 than infection-naive group. Given no significant benefit of the second dose, a single shot of vaccination may be sufficient for those with prior history of COVID-19. Monitoring humoral and cellular immune responses, considering new variants, is required to validate this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Oyku Dinc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakıf University Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Nese Saltoglu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey.
| | - Gunay Can
- Department of Public Health, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Ilker Inanc Balkan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Beyhan Budak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Dogukan Ozbey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Bilge Caglar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Karaali
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Bilgul Mete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Yesim Tuyji Tok
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Ersoy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Mert Ahmet Kuskucu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Kenan Midilli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Ergin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
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Yilmaz YZ, Yilmaz BB, Ozdemir YE, Kocazeybek BS, Karaali R, Çakan D, Ozdogan HA, Batioglu‐Karaaltin A. Effects of hypertonic alkaline nasal irrigation on COVID-19. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2021; 6:1240-1247. [PMID: 34909468 PMCID: PMC8661954 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The causative agent of COVID-19 is a novel member of coronaviridaes, SARS-CoV-2. It has been reported that the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible of infectivity. The S protein is demonstrated to be inactivated under environmental condition, such as hypertonicity and alkaline pH. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of hypertonic alkaline nasal irrigation (HANI) on SARS-CoV-2. Methods Sixty patients divided into two groups. The patients in Group 1 used hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and the patients in Group 2 used HCQ and HANI. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected at the beginning, on 3rd and 7th day of the PCR test positivity. The nasopharyngeal viral load (NVL) changes analyzed with quantitative PCR. Results NVL decrease in weekly period was statistically significant for both groups, when the difference between NVL day 0 and 3rd in Group 1 and NVL difference between day 0 and 3rd in Group 2 were compared. The difference between Groups 1 and 2 in terms of NVL change was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion We demonstrated a significant decrease in nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 load with HANI solution and suggest that HANI may be promising modality for the COVID-19 treatment. Level of evidence IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetkin Zeki Yilmaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Begum Bahar Yilmaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City HospitalRepublic of Turkey Ministry of HealthIstanbulTurkey
| | - Yusuf Emre Ozdemir
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research HospitalRepublic of Turkey Ministry of HealthIstanbulTurkey
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ridvan Karaali
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Doğan Çakan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Hasan Ahmet Ozdogan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Aysegul Batioglu‐Karaaltin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of MedicineIstanbul University—CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey
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9
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Eşer E, Engin B, Yüksel P, Kocazeybek BS, Kutlubay Z, Serdaroğlu S, Aşkın Ö. Relationship between fecal calprotectin level and disease activity in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13232. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emel Eşer
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Burhan Engin
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Pelin Yüksel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy Bezmi Alem Vakif University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Department of Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Zekayi Kutlubay
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Server Serdaroğlu
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Özge Aşkın
- Department of Dermatology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
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10
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Demirci M, Yigin A, Altun SK, Uysal HK, Saribas S, Kocazeybek BS. Salmonella Spp. and Shigella Spp. detection via multiplex real-time PCR and discrimination via MALDI-TOF MS in different animal raw milk samples. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:1083-1090. [PMID: 31417051 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_596_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to provide epidemiological data about the presence of Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. in raw milk samples collected from different animals. Methods A total of 231 raw milk samples from 48 cows, 65 goats, 65 sheep, and 53 donkeys were studied. The ISO 6579:2002 and ISO 21567:2004 methods, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, and serotyping were performed. Species and subspecies discriminations were made via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. After DNA isolation from all samples, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits. Results Five samples (2.16%) showed positivity out of 231 raw milk samples for Salmonella spp., and 2 (0.87%) samples were detected to be positive by multiplex real-time PCR design. Conclusion We found that raw milk samples were not free of Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. and need to be tested routinely to avoid public health problems. Rapid and reliable real-time PCR method can be developed and used for this purposes instead of slow bacterial culture processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Demirci
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Yigin
- Department of Genetic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - S K Altun
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - H K Uysal
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Saribas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B S Kocazeybek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Mertoglu S, Sahin S, Beser OF, Adrovic A, Barut K, Yuksel P, Sazak S, Kocazeybek BS, Kasapcopur O. Hepatitis A virus vaccination in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2018; 28:234-240. [PMID: 30551721 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318819827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Vaccination of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with non-live vaccines may decrease vaccine-preventable infections and mortalities. In the present study, we aimed to compare the immunogenicity and safety of inactivated hepatitis A vaccination in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 30 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and 39 healthy participants who were seronegative for hepatitis A received two doses of the hepatitis A vaccine in a 0- and 6-month schedule. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) IgG antibodies were measured before vaccination and 7 months after the vaccination. Results: Although anti-HAV IgG antibody titers after vaccination were found to be somewhat lower in children with systemic lupus erythematosus than that of the healthy subjects ( p < 0.05), the difference in seroconversion rate was insignificant between childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients ( n = 24/30, 80%) and healthy controls ( n = 33/39, 84.6%). There was no increase in median Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)-2K scores and anti-ds DNA levels after the vaccination procedure. Seroconversion rates in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients were not affected by medication, high disease activity (SLEDAI-2K >6) and anti-ds DNA positivity. None of the patients experienced any flare or adverse reaction throughout the study. Conclusions: According to these results, we conclude that inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is safe and well tolerated in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients, with no adverse events or increase in activity. Immunogenicity to the hepatitis A vaccine was adequate, with a seropositivity rate of 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mertoglu
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Sahin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O F Beser
- Department of Pediatrics, Okmeydani Education and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Adrovic
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - K Barut
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - P Yuksel
- Department of Microbiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Sazak
- Department of Pediatrics, Okmeydani Education and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B S Kocazeybek
- Department of Microbiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - O Kasapcopur
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Akıncı Y, Sohtaoğlu Sevindik M, Mete B, Ertürk UŞ, Yürüyen M, Kocazeybek BS, Bozluolcay M. A Case of Neuro-AIDS Presenting with Rapidly Progressive Dementia and Parkinsonism with Rapid Response to Treatment. tnd 2017. [DOI: 10.4274/tnd.94758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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13
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Kocazeybek BS, Caliskan R, Erdamar Cetin S, Ergin S, Kuskucu M, Kepil N, Oyku Dinc H, Ziya Erzin Y, Saribas S, Bahar Tokman H, Kalayci F, Akgul O, Yuksel P, Karakullukcu A, Ziver T, Sirekbasan S, Caglar E, Bal K. Patterns of EPIYA motifs among cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori strains: a case-control study in a Turkish population with Eurasian geographical features. J Med Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26198695 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographical variation in the frequency of various gastroduodenal pathologies was shown to be related to the geographical diversity of H. pylori CagA Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) patterns. We examined the EPIYA patterns of H. pylori and the association of EPIYA patterns with gastric cancer (GC) for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in Turkey. The patient group (PG) contained 60 patients [38 GC and 22 duodenal ulcer (DU) patients]. The control group (CG) was 110 individuals [94 gastritis patients and 16 persons with a normal gastrointestinal system (NGIS)]. Specific primers were used for the detection of cagA including empty-site-positive and EPIYA-A, -B, -C, -D PCR. Bands of EPIYA-A, -B, -C were confirmed by DNA sequencing. One hundred and forty-two (83.5 %) strains [60 in the PG (38 GC, 22 DU), 82 in the CG (72 gastritis, 10 NGIS)] were positive for the cagA gene. EPIYA-C with multiple repeats was detected in 34 (23.9 %) strains, and 22 (64.7 %) were from GC patients. EPIYA-C with one repeat was detected in 89 (62.7 %) strains, and 54 (60.7 %) were from gastritis patients. EPIYT was detected in 10 strains, and EPIYA-D was not detected. The number of EPIYA-C with multiple repeats was significantly higher for the PG than for the CG (P < 0.0001). In GC patients, the number of EPIYA-C with multiple repeats was significantly higher than one repeat (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, our study showed that multiple EPIYA-C repeats increases the GC risk by 30.6-fold and the DU risk by 8.9-fold versus the CG. This indicates that Western-type H. pylori strains in Turkey have similar EPIYA motifs to those of neighbouring countries and Western populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Caliskan
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Erdamar Cetin
- 2 Department of Medical Pathology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Ergin
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mert Kuskucu
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuray Kepil
- 2 Department of Medical Pathology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harika Oyku Dinc
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ziya Erzin
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suat Saribas
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hrisi Bahar Tokman
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kalayci
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozer Akgul
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Yuksel
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Karakullukcu
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tevhide Ziver
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhat Sirekbasan
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Caglar
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadir Bal
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Akdur H, Yiğit Z, Arabaci UO, Kocazeybek BS, Gürses HN. Investigation of the relationship between the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation and complication incidence following coronary artery bypass graft. Med Sci Monit 2007; 13:CR105-10. [PMID: 17261982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2003] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between prolonged intubation period and postoperative complication incidence following cardiac surgery was investigated. MATERIAL/METHOD Evaluated were 237 adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft operation, of whom 115 (group I) had intubation periods of more than 24 hrs (mean: 56.1+/-39.1 hrs) and 122 (group II) less than 24 hrs (mean: 16.25+/-14.6 hrs). Preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function test values as well as postoperative changes in the two groups were compared. RESULTS Mean hospital stay for group I and II patients were determined as 24.6+/-2.04 and 10.61+/-3.04 days, respectively (p<0.0001). The preoperative pulmonary function test results compared with the predicted values for both groups were similar. A significant decrease was determined in the postoperative pulmonary function test values in both groups, but the decrease in group I was significantly higher than in group II. Pulmonary complications developing in groups I and II were 26.09% (30 patients) and 7.38% (9 patients), respectively (p<0.0001). Also, total general complications were 39.14% (45 patients) and 13.12% (16 patients), respectively. CONCLUSION Under similar conditions, the patients whose partial bypass time and aortic clamp period were significantly longer needed to be ventilated for more than 24 hours, being related to late complications following bypass operation, and the complication risk of this group was 3.5 times higher than for those who remained intubated less than 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Akdur
- Istanbul University, School of Sports & Physical Education, Istanbul, Turkey.
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15
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Kocazeybek BS. Comparison of the BBL-mycobacteria growth indicator tube method with culture in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and evaluation of the resistance patterns of isolated strains to four major drugs. Chemotherapy 2002; 48:64-70. [PMID: 12011537 DOI: 10.1159/000057664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The BBL-mycobacteria growth indicator tube system (MGIT) is used for a rapid detection of the presence of mycobacteria. Our study aimed to compare MGIT with the Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) reference method in clinical samples with suspected pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and to evaluate the primary and secondary resistance patterns by determining the resistances of the isolated strains to four major antimycobacterial drugs. 648 clinical samples from different clinics, with suspected pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis based on clinical, radiological, histopathological and immunological findings, were included in the investigation. The samples were first stained with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and then cultured in LJ medium according to the standard bacteriological procedure and in the MGIT as recommended by the manufacturer. Conventional biochemical tests and p-nitro-alpha-acethylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophene of the Bactec system were used to identify the isolated mycobacterial strains. The susceptibilities to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol were tested by the BBL-MGIT antibiotic susceptibility test and the resistances of the strains found to be resistant to any of the drugs were confirmed by the agar proportion method. Mycobacterium spp. were isolated in 61 (9.4%) out of 648 samples. Eventually, 58 out of 61 strains were classified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the other 3 as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. 32 of these were ZN positive. The growth time was determined as 12.2 days by the MGIT method and 24.1 days by the LJ method (p < 0.001). 29 strains were ZN negative. Their growth time was 23 days by the MGIT method and 37 days by the LJ method (p < 0.001). Drug resistance was detected in 23 (37.7%) of 61 cases (of whom 39 were new and 22 were former patients); of these resistances, 8 (20.51%) were primary and 15 (68.18%) were secondary. In double drug resistance, secondary resistance was found only to isoniazid + rifampin (4 cases) whereas both primary and secondary resistances were found to one drug. The highest cumulative drug resistance - both primary and secondary - was found to isoniazid. In conclusion, the MGIT was found to be advantageous because it enables rapid bacterial identification of tuberculosis and detection of antimicrobial resistance due to its high sensitivity and specificity. It is quicker than the LJ method. Its antibiotic susceptibility can be tested and it is easy to perform. We recommend to include it in routine laboratory work. In addition, our study suggests that the high ratio of secondary resistance in the public might be related to inappropriate and insufficient treatment of tuberculosis, and noncompliance, which appear to cause an important increase in primary tuberculosis as a result of new contaminations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekir Sami Kocazeybek
- Kadir Has University, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey.
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16
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Kocazeybek BS. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from intensive care units of four different hospitals in Turkey. Evaluation of the prevalence of extended-spectrum and inducible beta-lactamases using different E-test strips and direct induction methods. Chemotherapy 2001; 47:396-408. [PMID: 11786654 DOI: 10.1159/000048550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative rods (GNRs) isolated from surgical intensive care units and to establish the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and inducible beta-lactamases (IBLs). We also wished to determine the widespread beta-lactam substrate in ESBL-positive GNRs by two different E-test strips and to discuss the value of the routine utilization of these substrates together. METHODS Out of 348 nosocomial gram-negative strains isolated with similar methods, 236 strains with resistance to the beta-lactam group of antimicrobials using the E-test method were included in this study. Two different strips were used for the detection of ESBLs: cefotaxime/cefotaxime + clavulanic acid (CT/CTL) and ceftazidime/ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (TZ/TZL). For IBLs, the double-disk method was used. RESULTS The order of frequency of the strains, starting with the most frequent, was Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the 236 strains, the ESBL positivity rate was found to be 19.5% with TZ/TZL and CT/CTL strips, while it was 13.2% for IBL in 348 strains. Seventy-one percent of ESBL-positive strains gave parallel results with TZ/TZL and CT/CTL. ESBL positivity with only TZ/TZL or only CT/CTL was found to be 18 and 8%. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that except for imipenem, amikacin and ciprofloxacin, there was a high resistance to other antimicrobials, and multiresistance rates were increased in the strains in which ESBLs and IBLs were detected. In particular, the increasing prevalence of ESBLs in K. pneumoniae and IBLs in P. aeruginosa emphasizes the importance of the problem of infection control and antibiotic administration policies. Although it was seen that the prevalence of substrate templates in the detection of ESBL positivity was similar, we think that it is more useful to use two different strips together to obtain precise results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Kocazeybek
- Microbiology Laboratory, Cardiology Institute, Istanbul University, TR-80320 Caglayan, Istanbul, Turkey.
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