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Lin TY, Ramsamooj S, Perrier T, Liberatore K, Lantier L, Vasan N, Karukurichi K, Hwang SK, Kesicki EA, Kastenhuber ER, Wiederhold T, Yaron TM, Huntsman EM, Zhu M, Ma Y, Paddock MN, Zhang G, Hopkins BD, McGuinness O, Schwartz RE, Ersoy BA, Cantley LC, Johnson JL, Goncalves MD. Epinephrine inhibits PI3Kα via the Hippo kinases. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113535. [PMID: 38060450 PMCID: PMC10809223 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α is an essential mediator of insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. We interrogated the human serine, threonine, and tyrosine kinome to search for novel regulators of p110α and found that the Hippo kinases phosphorylate p110α at T1061, which inhibits its activity. This inhibitory state corresponds to a conformational change of a membrane-binding domain on p110α, which impairs its ability to engage membranes. In human primary hepatocytes, cancer cell lines, and rodent tissues, activation of the Hippo kinases MST1/2 using forskolin or epinephrine is associated with phosphorylation of T1061 and inhibition of p110α, impairment of downstream insulin signaling, and suppression of glycolysis and glycogen synthesis. These changes are abrogated when MST1/2 are genetically deleted or inhibited with small molecules or if the T1061 is mutated to alanine. Our study defines an inhibitory pathway of PI3K signaling and a link between epinephrine and insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lin
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Shakti Ramsamooj
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Tiffany Perrier
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | - Louise Lantier
- Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Neil Vasan
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | - Seo-Kyoung Hwang
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tomer M Yaron
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emily M Huntsman
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yilun Ma
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marcia N Paddock
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | - Owen McGuinness
- Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Baran A Ersoy
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jared L Johnson
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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2
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Bhardwaj P, Iyengar NM, Zahid H, Carter KM, Byun DJ, Choi MH, Sun Q, Savenkov O, Louka C, Liu C, Piloco P, Acosta M, Bareja R, Elemento O, Foronda M, Dow LE, Oshchepkova S, Giri DD, Pollak M, Zhou XK, Hopkins BD, Laughney AM, Frey MK, Ellenson LH, Morrow M, Spector JA, Cantley LC, Brown KA. Obesity promotes breast epithelium DNA damage in women carrying a germline mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade1857. [PMID: 36812344 PMCID: PMC10557057 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, is an established risk factor for breast cancer among women in the general population after menopause. Whether elevated BMI is a risk factor for women with a germline mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 is less clear because of inconsistent findings from epidemiological studies and a lack of mechanistic studies in this population. Here, we show that DNA damage in normal breast epithelia of women carrying a BRCA mutation is positively correlated with BMI and with biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction. In addition, RNA sequencing showed obesity-associated alterations to the breast adipose microenvironment of BRCA mutation carriers, including activation of estrogen biosynthesis, which affected neighboring breast epithelial cells. In breast tissue explants cultured from women carrying a BRCA mutation, we found that blockade of estrogen biosynthesis or estrogen receptor activity decreased DNA damage. Additional obesity-associated factors, including leptin and insulin, increased DNA damage in human BRCA heterozygous epithelial cells, and inhibiting the signaling of these factors with a leptin-neutralizing antibody or PI3K inhibitor, respectively, decreased DNA damage. Furthermore, we show that increased adiposity was associated with mammary gland DNA damage and increased penetrance of mammary tumors in Brca1+/- mice. Overall, our results provide mechanistic evidence in support of a link between elevated BMI and breast cancer development in BRCA mutation carriers. This suggests that maintaining a lower body weight or pharmacologically targeting estrogen or metabolic dysfunction may reduce the risk of breast cancer in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bhardwaj
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Neil M. Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heba Zahid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dong Jun Byun
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Qi Sun
- Computational Biology Service Unit of Life Sciences Core Laboratories Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Oleksandr Savenkov
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charalambia Louka
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine Liu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Phoebe Piloco
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monica Acosta
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Miguel Foronda
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lukas E. Dow
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sofya Oshchepkova
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dilip D. Giri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ashley M. Laughney
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Melissa K. Frey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lora Hedrick Ellenson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason A. Spector
- Laboratory of Bioregenerative Medicine and Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lewis C. Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kristy A. Brown
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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3
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Johnson JL, Yaron TM, Huntsman EM, Kerelsky A, Song J, Regev A, Lin TY, Liberatore K, Cizin DM, Cohen BM, Vasan N, Ma Y, Krismer K, Robles JT, van de Kooij B, van Vlimmeren AE, Andrée-Busch N, Käufer NF, Dorovkov MV, Ryazanov AG, Takagi Y, Kastenhuber ER, Goncalves MD, Hopkins BD, Elemento O, Taatjes DJ, Maucuer A, Yamashita A, Degterev A, Uduman M, Lu J, Landry SD, Zhang B, Cossentino I, Linding R, Blenis J, Hornbeck PV, Turk BE, Yaffe MB, Cantley LC. An atlas of substrate specificities for the human serine/threonine kinome. Nature 2023; 613:759-766. [PMID: 36631611 PMCID: PMC9876800 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most widespread post-translational modifications in biology1,2. With advances in mass-spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, 90,000 sites of serine and threonine phosphorylation have so far been identified, and several thousand have been associated with human diseases and biological processes3,4. For the vast majority of phosphorylation events, it is not yet known which of the more than 300 protein serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinases encoded in the human genome are responsible3. Here we used synthetic peptide libraries to profile the substrate sequence specificity of 303 Ser/Thr kinases, comprising more than 84% of those predicted to be active in humans. Viewed in its entirety, the substrate specificity of the kinome was substantially more diverse than expected and was driven extensively by negative selectivity. We used our kinome-wide dataset to computationally annotate and identify the kinases capable of phosphorylating every reported phosphorylation site in the human Ser/Thr phosphoproteome. For the small minority of phosphosites for which the putative protein kinases involved have been previously reported, our predictions were in excellent agreement. When this approach was applied to examine the signalling response of tissues and cell lines to hormones, growth factors, targeted inhibitors and environmental or genetic perturbations, it revealed unexpected insights into pathway complexity and compensation. Overall, these studies reveal the intrinsic substrate specificity of the human Ser/Thr kinome, illuminate cellular signalling responses and provide a resource to link phosphorylation events to biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared L Johnson
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tomer M Yaron
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Computational Biology & Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily M Huntsman
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Kerelsky
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junho Song
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit Regev
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Lin
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katarina Liberatore
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel M Cizin
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin M Cohen
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil Vasan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yilun Ma
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konstantin Krismer
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Biology, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jaylissa Torres Robles
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bert van de Kooij
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Biology, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne E van Vlimmeren
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Biology, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Andrée-Busch
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Norbert F Käufer
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maxim V Dorovkov
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Alexey G Ryazanov
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Yuichiro Takagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edward R Kastenhuber
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dylan J Taatjes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Alexandre Maucuer
- SABNP, Univ Evry, INSERM U1204, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Akio Yamashita
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Japan
| | - Alexei Degterev
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohamed Uduman
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Sean D Landry
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Ian Cossentino
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Rune Linding
- Rewire Tx, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Blenis
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter V Hornbeck
- Department Of Bioinformatics, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Michael B Yaffe
- Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Biology, Departments of Biology and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Divisions of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma, and Surgical Critical Care, and Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Dibble CC, Barritt SA, Perry GE, Lien EC, Geck RC, DuBois-Coyne SE, Bartee D, Zengeya TT, Cohen EB, Yuan M, Hopkins BD, Meier JL, Clohessy JG, Asara JM, Cantley LC, Toker A. PI3K drives the de novo synthesis of coenzyme A from vitamin B5. Nature 2022; 608:192-198. [PMID: 35896750 PMCID: PMC9352595 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In response to hormones and growth factors, the class I phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling network functions as a major regulator of metabolism and growth, governing cellular nutrient uptake, energy generation, reducing cofactor production and macromolecule biosynthesis1. Many of the driver mutations in cancer with the highest recurrence, including in receptor tyrosine kinases, Ras, PTEN and PI3K, pathologically activate PI3K signalling2,3. However, our understanding of the core metabolic program controlled by PI3K is almost certainly incomplete. Here, using mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics and isotope tracing, we show that PI3K signalling stimulates the de novo synthesis of one of the most pivotal metabolic cofactors: coenzyme A (CoA). CoA is the major carrier of activated acyl groups in cells4,5 and is synthesized from cysteine, ATP and the essential nutrient vitamin B5 (also known as pantothenate)6,7. We identify pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) and PANK4 as substrates of the PI3K effector kinase AKT8. Although PANK2 is known to catalyse the rate-determining first step of CoA synthesis, we find that the minimally characterized but highly conserved PANK49 is a rate-limiting suppressor of CoA synthesis through its metabolite phosphatase activity. Phosphorylation of PANK4 by AKT relieves this suppression. Ultimately, the PI3K–PANK4 axis regulates the abundance of acetyl-CoA and other acyl-CoAs, CoA-dependent processes such as lipid metabolism and proliferation. We propose that these regulatory mechanisms coordinate cellular CoA supplies with the demands of hormone/growth-factor-driven or oncogene-driven metabolism and growth. The PI3K–PANK4 axis regulates coenzyme A synthesis, the abundance of acetyl-CoA, and CoA-dependent processes such as lipid metabolism, and these regulatory mechanisms coordinate cellular CoA supplies with the demands of hormone and growth-factor-driven or oncogene-driven metabolism and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C Dibble
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Samuel A Barritt
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace E Perry
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan C Lien
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renee C Geck
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E DuBois-Coyne
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Bartee
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Thomas T Zengeya
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Emily B Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Yuan
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - John G Clohessy
- Preclinical Murine Pharmacogenetics Facility and Mouse Hospital, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- The Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Claridge SE, Hopkins BD. PI3King the Environment for Growth: PI3K Activation Drives Transcriptome Changes That Support Oncogenic Growth. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2216-2218. [PMID: 35702891 PMCID: PMC10309115 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PI3K signaling plays an integral role in cells, coordinating the necessary alterations in cellular metabolism and programs to support survival and proliferation. In the first genome-wide analysis of alternative splicing in PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer, Ladewig and colleagues show that activating mutations in PIK3CA alter the use of known exons and splice junctions, leading to changes in gene expression and transcription factor activity that promote an oncogenic phenotype. Their work reveals a novel mechanism underlying the functional impact of PI3K signal activation in the context of breast cancer, where PIK3CA mutations are common and PI3K inhibitors are part of the standard of care. Their studies uncover a feedforward mechanism by which PI3K signaling enables a shift in the spectrum of translated splice variants as another method through which the PI3K pathway has evolved to regulate its own activity, thereby modifying the cellular response to upstream activation based on the signaling that has come before. These findings have profound implications for understanding the evolution of the PI3K pathway and the rewiring of cells in response to prolonged or repeated signal activation. See related article by Ladewig et al., p. 2269.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E. Claridge
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Love SM, Hopkins BD, Migdal CW, Schuster NM. Occipital headache evaluation and rates of migraine assessment, diagnosis, and treatment in patients receiving greater occipital nerve blocks in an academic pain clinic. Pain Med 2022; 23:1851-1857. [PMID: 35595240 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnosis of patients with occipital headache can be challenging, as both primary and secondary causes must be considered. Our study assessed how often migraine is screened for, diagnosed, and treated in patients receiving greater occipital nerve blocks (GONBs) in a pain clinic. DESIGN IRB-approved, retrospective observational study. SETTING Academic multidisciplinary pain clinic. SUBJECTS 143 consecutive patients who received GONBs. RESULTS About 75% of patients had been evaluated by neurologists and about 25% by non-neurologist pain specialists only. 62.2% of patients had photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea assessed. Patients who had been evaluated by a neurologist were more likely to have photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea assessed (75.9% vs 20.0%, OR 12.6, 95% CI 4.90-32.2), more likely to be diagnosed with migraine (48.1% vs 14.3%, OR 5.6, 95% CI 2.0-15), less likely to be diagnosed with occipital neuralgia (39.8% vs 65.7%, OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.8), and equally likely to be diagnosed with cervicogenic headache (21.3% vs 25.7%, OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.3-1.9) than those evaluated by non-neurologists. Among patients diagnosed with migraine, 82.5% received acute migraine treatment, 89.5% received preventive migraine treatment, and 52.6% were documented as receiving migraine lifestyle counseling. CONCLUSIONS 62.2% of patients with occipital headache receiving GONBs were assessed for migraine, and most received appropriate acute, preventive, and lifestyle treatments when diagnosed. Patients seen by neurologists were significantly more likely to be screened for, and diagnosed with, migraine than those evaluated by non-neurologist pain medicine specialists only. All clinicians should remain vigilant for migraine in patients with occipital headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Love
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Nathaniel M Schuster
- Center for Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
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7
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Claridge SE, Hopkins BD. Circling back to PTEN: Fumarate inhibits canonical tumor suppressor. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1244-1245. [PMID: 35395197 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ge et al. (2022) describes an inhibitory, post-translational modification of PTEN at C211 by fumarate, which offers new insight into the integration of PI3K signaling and metabolism via a potential feedforward regulatory mechanism involving a PI3K-glucose-fumarate-PTEN axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Claridge
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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8
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Pauli C, De Boni L, Pauwels JE, Chen Y, Planas-Paz L, Shaw R, Emerling BM, Grandori C, Hopkins BD, Rubin MA. A Functional Precision Oncology Approach to Identify Treatment Strategies for Myxofibrosarcoma Patients. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:244-252. [PMID: 34728552 PMCID: PMC8900059 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this era of precision medicine, numerous workflows for the targeting of high-recurrent mutations in common tumor types have been developed, leaving patients with rare diseases with few options. Here, we implement a functional precision oncology approach utilizing comprehensive genomic profiling in combination with high-throughput drug screening, to identify tumor-specific drug sensitivities for patients with rare tumor types such as myxofibrosarcoma. From a patient with a high-grade myxofibrosarcoma, who was enrolled in the Englander Institute for Precision Medicine (EIPM) program, we established patient-derived 3D sarco-spheres and xenograft models for functional testing. In the absence of a large cohort of clinically similar cases, high-throughput drug screening was performed on the patient-derived cells, and compared with two other myxofibrosarcoma lines and a benign fibroblast line to functionally identify tumor-specific drug sensitivities. The addition of functional drug sensitivity testing to complement genomic profiling identified multiple therapeutic options that were further validated in patient derived xenograft models. Genomic analyses detected the frequently known codeletion of the tumor suppressors CDKN2A/B together with the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and a TP53 E286fs*50 mutation. High-throughput drug screening demonstrated tumor-specific sensitivity to compounds targeting the cell cycle. Based on genomic analysis and high-throughput drug screening, we show that targeting the cell cycle in these tumors is a powerful approach. IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates the potential of functional testing to aid clinical decision making for patients with rare or molecularly complex malignancies when combined with comprehensive genomic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lamberto De Boni
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan E Pauwels
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital. New York, New York
| | - Yanjiang Chen
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lara Planas-Paz
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reid Shaw
- SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brooke M Emerling
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital. New York, New York
- Department for BioMedical Research, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Claridge SE, Cavallo JA, Hopkins BD. Patient-Derived In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2022; 1361:215-233. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91836-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Wu K, Hopkins BD, Sanchez R, DeVita RJ, Pan ZQ. Targeting Cullin-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 4 by Small Molecule Modulators. J Cell Signal 2021; 2:195-205. [PMID: 34604860 PMCID: PMC8486283 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.2.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) plays an essential role in cell cycle progression. Recent efforts using high throughput screening and follow up hit-to-lead studies have led to identification of small molecules 33-11 and KH-4-43 that inhibit E3 CRL4's core ligase complex and exhibit anticancer potential. This review provides: 1) an updated perspective of E3 CRL4, including structural organization, major substrate targets and role in cancer; 2) a discussion of the challenges and strategies for finding the CRL inhibitor; and 3) a summary of the properties of the identified CRL4 inhibitors as well as a perspective on their potential utility to probe CRL4 biology and act as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Wu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.,Genetics and Genomics, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Roberto Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Robert J DeVita
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Zhen-Qiang Pan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
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11
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Ling L, Mulligan JA, Ouyang Y, Shimpi AA, Williams RM, Beeghly GF, Hopkins BD, Spector JA, Adie SG, Fischbach C. Obesity-associated Adipose Stromal Cells Promote Breast Cancer Invasion Through Direct Cell Contact and ECM Remodeling. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:1910650. [PMID: 33692663 PMCID: PMC7939099 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201910650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity increases the risk and worsens the prognosis for breast cancer due, in part, to altered adipose stromal cell (ASC) behavior. Whether ASCs from obese individuals increase migration of breast cancer cells relative to their lean counterparts, however, remains unclear. To test this connection, multicellular spheroids composed of MCF10A-derived tumor cell lines of varying malignant potential and lean or obese ASCs were embedded into collagen scaffolds mimicking the elastic moduli of interstitial breast adipose tissue. Confocal image analysis suggests that tumor cells alone migrate insignificantly under these conditions. However, direct cell-cell contact with either lean or obese ASCs enables them to migrate collectively, whereby obese ASCs activate tumor cell migration more effectively than their lean counterparts. Time-resolved optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging suggests that obese ASCs facilitate tumor cell migration by mediating contraction of local collagen fibers. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent proteolytic activity significantly contributes to ASC-mediated tumor cell invasion and collagen deformation. However, ASC contractility is also important, as co-inhibition of both MMPs and contractility is necessary to completely abrogate ASC-mediated tumor cell migration. These findings imply that obesity-mediated changes of ASC phenotype may impact tumor cell migration and invasion with potential implications for breast cancer malignancy in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ling
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Mulligan
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Yunxin Ouyang
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Adrian A. Shimpi
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | | | - Garrett F. Beeghly
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jason A. Spector
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Steven G. Adie
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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12
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Wang DG, Paddock MN, Lundquist MR, Sun JY, Mashadova O, Amadiume S, Bumpus TW, Hodakoski C, Hopkins BD, Fine M, Hill A, Yang TJ, Baskin JM, Dow LE, Cantley LC. PIP4Ks Suppress Insulin Signaling through a Catalytic-Independent Mechanism. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1991-2001.e5. [PMID: 31091439 PMCID: PMC6619495 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin stimulates the conversion of phosphatidylino-sitol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3), which mediates downstream cellular responses. PI(4,5)P2 is produced by phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) and by phosphatidylinositol-5-phos-phate 4-kinases (PIP4Ks). Here, we show that the loss of PIP4Ks (PIP4K2A, PIP4K2B, and PIP4K2C) in vitro results in a paradoxical increase in PI(4,5)P2 and a concomitant increase in insulin-stimulated production of PI(3,4,5)P3. The reintroduction of either wild-type or kinase-dead mutants of the PIP4Ks restored cellular PI(4,5)P2 levels and insulin stimulation of the PI3K pathway, suggesting a catalytic-independent role of PIP4Ks in regulating PI(4,5)P2 levels. These effects are explained by an increase in PIP5K activity upon the deletion of PIP4Ks, which normally suppresses PIP5K activity through a direct binding interaction mediated by the N-terminal motif VMLϕFPDD of PIP4K. Our work uncovers an allosteric function of PIP4Ks in suppressing PIP5K-mediated PI(4,5)P2 synthesis and insulin-dependent conversion to PI(3,4,5)P3 and suggests that the pharmacological depletion of PIP4K enzymes could represent a strategy for enhancing insulin signaling. PI(4,5)P2 is produced by both phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) and by phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinases (PIP4Ks). Wang et al. report an allosteric function of a conserved N-terminal motif of PIP4Ks in suppressing PIP5K-mediated PI(4,5)P2 synthesis and insulin-dependent conversion to PI(3,4,5) P3. This non-catalytic role has implications for the development of PIP4K targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana G Wang
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Marcia N Paddock
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Mark R Lundquist
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Janet Y Sun
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Oksana Mashadova
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Solomon Amadiume
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Timothy W Bumpus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Cindy Hodakoski
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | - Matthew Fine
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amanda Hill
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - T Jonathan Yang
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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13
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Liu X, Long MJC, Hopkins BD, Luo C, Wang L, Aye Y. Precision Targeting of pten-Null Triple-Negative Breast Tumors Guided by Electrophilic Metabolite Sensing. ACS Cent Sci 2020; 6:892-902. [PMID: 32607436 PMCID: PMC7318068 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Off-target effects continue to impede disease interventions, particularly when targeting a specific protein within a family of similar proteins, such as kinase isoforms that play tumor-subtype-specific roles in cancers. Exploiting the specific electrophilic-metabolite-sensing capability of Akt3, versus moderate or no sensing, respectively, by Akt2 and Akt1, we describe a first-in-class functionally Akt3-selective covalent inhibitor [MK-H(F)NE], wherein the electrophilic core is derived from the native reactive lipid metabolite HNE. Mechanistic profiling and pathway interrogations point to retention of the metabolite's structure-as opposed to implicit electrophilicity-as being essential for biasing isoform preference, which we found translates to tumor-subtype specificity against pten-null triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). MK-H(F)NE further enables novel downstream target identification specific to Akt3-function in disease. In TNBC xenografts, MK-H(F)NE fares better than reversible pan-Akt-inhibitors and does not show commonly observed side-effects associated with Akt1-inhibition. Inhibitors derived from native-metabolite sensing are thus an enabling plan-of-action for unmasking kinase-isoform-biased molecular targets and tumor-subtype-specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Liu
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The
Heart Research Institute, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Marcus J. C. Long
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Department
of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Chaosheng Luo
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lingxi Wang
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yimon Aye
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Abstract
Cancer is driven by incremental changes that accumulate, eventually leading to oncogenic transformation. Although genetic alterations dominate the way cancer biologists think about oncogenesis, growing evidence suggests that systemic factors (for example, insulin, oestrogen and inflammatory cytokines) and their intracellular pathways activate oncogenic signals and contribute to targetable phenotypes. Systemic factors can have a critical role in both tumour initiation and therapeutic responses as increasingly targeted and personalized therapeutic regimens are used to treat patients with cancer. The endocrine system controls cell growth and metabolism by providing extracellular cues that integrate systemic nutrient status with cellular activities such as proliferation and survival via the production of metabolites and hormones such as insulin. When insulin binds to its receptor, it initiates a sequence of phosphorylation events that lead to activation of the catalytic activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), a lipid kinase that coordinates the intake and utilization of glucose, and mTOR, a kinase downstream of PI3K that stimulates transcription and translation. When chronically activated, the PI3K pathway can drive malignant transformation. Here, we discuss the insulin-PI3K signalling cascade and emphasize its roles in normal cells (including coordinating cell metabolism and growth), highlighting the features of this network that make it ideal for co-option by cancer cells. Furthermore, we discuss how this signalling network can affect therapeutic responses and how novel metabolic-based strategies might enhance treatment efficacy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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15
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DelNero P, Hopkins BD, Cantley LC, Fischbach C. Cancer metabolism gets physical. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/442/eaaq1011. [PMID: 29794058 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaq1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived culture models enable assessment of drug sensitivity and can connect personalized genomics with therapeutic options. However, their clinical translation is constrained by limited fidelity. We outline how the physical microenvironment regulates cell metabolism and describe how engineered culture systems could enhance the predictive power for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter DelNero
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. .,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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16
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Abstract
The uncontrolled cellular growth that characterizes tumor formation requires a constant delivery of nutrients. Since the 1970s, researchers have wondered if the supply of nutrients from the diet could impact tumor development. Numerous studies have assessed the impact of dietary components, specifically sugar and fat, to increased cancer risk. For the most part, data from these trials have been inconclusive; however, this does not indicate that dietary factors do not contribute to cancer progression. Rather, the dietary contribution may be dependent on tumor, patient, and context, making it difficult to detect in the setting of large trials. In this review, we combine data from prospective cohort trials with mechanistic studies in mice to argue that fat and sugar can play a role in tumorigenesis and disease progression. We find that certain tumors may respond directly to dietary sugar (colorectal and endometrial cancers) and fat (prostate cancer) or indirectly to the obese state (breast cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus D. Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
| | - Lewis C. Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
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17
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Hodakoski C, Hopkins BD, Zhang G, Su T, Cheng Z, Morris R, Rhee KY, Goncalves MD, Cantley LC. Rac-Mediated Macropinocytosis of Extracellular Protein Promotes Glucose Independence in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010037. [PMID: 30609754 PMCID: PMC6356657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can adapt to nutrient poor conditions by rewiring their metabolism and using alternate fuel sources. Identifying these adaptive metabolic pathways may provide novel targets for cancer therapy. Here, we identify a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines that survive in the absence of glucose by internalizing and metabolizing extracellular protein via macropinocytosis. Macropinocytosis is increased in these glucose independent cells, and is regulated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation of Rac-Pak signaling. Furthermore, inhibition of Rac-dependent macropinocytosis blocks glucose-independent proliferation. We find that degradation of internalized protein produces amino acids, including alanine, which generates TCA cycle and glycolytic intermediates in the absence of glucose. In this process, the conversion of alanine to pyruvate by alanine transaminase 2 (ALT2) is critical for survival during glucose starvation. Collectively, Rac driven macropinocytosis of extracellular protein is an adaptive metabolic pathway used by a subset of lung cancers to survive states of glucose deprivation, and may serve as a potential drug target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Hodakoski
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Taojunfeng Su
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Roxanne Morris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave A-421, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Kyu Y Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave A-421, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus D Goncalves
- From the Meyer Cancer Center (M.D.G., B.D.H., L.C.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology (M.D.G.), Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- From the Meyer Cancer Center (M.D.G., B.D.H., L.C.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology (M.D.G.), Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- From the Meyer Cancer Center (M.D.G., B.D.H., L.C.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology (M.D.G.), Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
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19
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Hopkins BD, Pauli C, Du X, Wang DG, Li X, Wu D, Amadiume SC, Goncalves MD, Hodakoski C, Lundquist MR, Bareja R, Ma Y, Harris EM, Sboner A, Beltran H, Rubin MA, Mukherjee S, Cantley LC. Suppression of insulin feedback enhances the efficacy of PI3K inhibitors. Nature 2018; 560:499-503. [PMID: 30051890 PMCID: PMC6197057 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in PIK3CA, encoding the insulin-activated phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), and loss of function mutations in PTEN, a phosphatase that degrades the phosphoinositide lipids generated by PI3K, are among the most frequent events in human cancers1,2. Yet, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K has resulted in variable clinical responses, raising the possibility of an inherent mechanism of resistance. Since the PIK3CA-encoded enzyme, p110α, mediates virtually all cellular responses to insulin, targeted inhibition of this enzyme disrupts glucose metabolism in multiple tissue types. For example, blocking insulin signaling promotes glycogen breakdown in the liver and prevents glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, resulting in transient hyperglycemia that occurs within a few hours of PI3K inhibition. The effect is usually transient because compensatory insulin release from the pancreas (i.e. insulin feedback) restores normal glucose homeostasis3. However, the hyperglycemia may be exacerbated or prolonged in patients with any degree of insulin resistance and, in these cases, requires discontinuation of therapy3–6. We hypothesized that insulin feedback induced by PI3K inhibitors may be reactivating the PI3K-mTOR signaling axis in tumors, compromising their effectiveness7,8. Here, we show in several model tumors, that systemic glucose-insulin feedback caused by targeted inhibition of this pathway is sufficient to activate PI3K signaling, even in the presence of PI3K inhibitors. We demonstrate that this insulin feedback can be prevented using dietary or pharmaceutical approaches, which greatly enhance the efficacy/toxicity ratios of these compounds. These findings have direct clinical implications for the multiple p110α inhibitors that are in clinical trials and provide a means to significantly increase treatment efficacy for patients with a myriad of tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xing Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana G Wang
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Wu
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cindy Hodakoski
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rohan Bareja
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily M Harris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Sboner
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Research and the Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and the Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Siddhartha Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Riquelme SA, Hopkins BD, Wolfe AL, DiMango E, Kitur K, Parsons R, Prince A. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Attaches Tumor Suppressor PTEN to the Membrane and Promotes Anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa Immunity. Immunity 2017; 47:1169-1181.e7. [PMID: 29246444 PMCID: PMC5738266 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN controls cell proliferation by regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activity, but the participation of PTEN in host defense against bacterial infection is less well understood. Anti-inflammatory PI3K-Akt signaling is suppressed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease characterized by hyper-inflammatory responses to airway infection. We found that Ptenl-/- mice, which lack the NH2-amino terminal splice variant of PTEN, were unable to eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the airways and could not generate sufficient anti-inflammatory PI3K activity, similar to what is observed in CF. PTEN and the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) interacted directly and this interaction was necessary to position PTEN at the membrane. CF patients under corrector-potentiator therapy, which enhances CFTR transport to the membrane, have increased PTEN amounts. These findings suggest that improved CFTR trafficking could enhance P. aeruginosa clearance from the CF airway by activating PTEN-mediated anti-bacterial responses and might represent a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew L Wolfe
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emily DiMango
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kipyegon Kitur
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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21
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Fruman DA, Chiu H, Hopkins BD, Bagrodia S, Cantley LC, Abraham RT. The PI3K Pathway in Human Disease. Cell 2017; 170:605-635. [PMID: 28802037 PMCID: PMC5726441 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1509] [Impact Index Per Article: 215.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth factor receptors, and elevated PI3K signaling is considered a hallmark of cancer. Many PI3K pathway-targeted therapies have been tested in oncology trials, resulting in regulatory approval of one isoform-selective inhibitor (idelalisib) for treatment of certain blood cancers and a variety of other agents at different stages of development. In parallel to PI3K research by cancer biologists, investigations in other fields have uncovered exciting and often unpredicted roles for PI3K catalytic and regulatory subunits in normal cell function and in disease. Many of these functions impinge upon oncology by influencing the efficacy and toxicity of PI3K-targeted therapies. Here we provide a perspective on the roles of class I PI3Ks in the regulation of cellular metabolism and in immune system functions, two topics closely intertwined with cancer biology. We also discuss recent progress developing PI3K-targeted therapies for treatment of cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA.
| | - Honyin Chiu
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, 413 E. 69(th) Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Shubha Bagrodia
- Oncology R&D Group, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10646/CB4 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, 413 E. 69(th) Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Robert T Abraham
- Oncology R&D Group, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10646/CB4 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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22
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Wolfe AL, Hopkins BD, Riquelme SA, Kitur K, Ozturk S, Kang K, Remark R, Rahman A, Lin CS, Merad M, Szabolcs M, Chen SH, Prince A, Parsons R. Abstract 334: PTEN-L regulates epithelial growth and macrophage function. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
PTEN is among the most frequently mutated and deleted tumor suppressor genes in many malignancies, including breast cancer. An alternatively translated long form of PTEN, termed PTEN-L, has divergent functionality from PTEN, although its function at the organism level has not been studied. Here, we report a knockout mouse with specific ablation of PTEN-L expression but intact expression of PTEN. These mice display mammary ductal hyperplasia characterized by increased luminal growth and increased numbers of macrophages in the surrounding stroma. Macrophages are particularly affected by PTEN-L loss, with significant changes to their secretomes and functional deficiencies in clearing bacterial infections, consistent with a shift toward an M2-like polarization. Overall, these findings demonstrate that PTEN-L has unique functions in regulating mammary epithelial growth and macrophage functionality that are independent of canonical PTEN.
Citation Format: Andrew L. Wolfe, Benjamin D. Hopkins, Sebastián A. Riquelme, Kipyegon Kitur, Sait Ozturk, Kyeongah Kang, Romain Remark, Adeeb Rahman, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, Miriam Merad, Matthias Szabolcs, Shu-Hsia Chen, Alice Prince, Ramon Parsons. PTEN-L regulates epithelial growth and macrophage function [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 334. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-334
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sait Ozturk
- 2Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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23
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Pauli C, Hopkins BD, Prandi D, Shaw R, Fedrizzi T, Sboner A, Sailer V, Augello M, Puca L, Rosati R, McNary TJ, Churakova Y, Cheung C, Triscott J, Pisapia D, Rao R, Mosquera JM, Robinson B, Faltas BM, Emerling BE, Gadi VK, Bernard B, Elemento O, Beltran H, Demichelis F, Kemp CJ, Grandori C, Cantley LC, Rubin MA. Personalized In Vitro and In Vivo Cancer Models to Guide Precision Medicine. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:462-477. [PMID: 28331002 PMCID: PMC5413423 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 628] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine is an approach that takes into account the influence of individuals' genes, environment, and lifestyle exposures to tailor interventions. Here, we describe the development of a robust precision cancer care platform that integrates whole-exome sequencing with a living biobank that enables high-throughput drug screens on patient-derived tumor organoids. To date, 56 tumor-derived organoid cultures and 19 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have been established from the 769 patients enrolled in an Institutional Review Board-approved clinical trial. Because genomics alone was insufficient to identify therapeutic options for the majority of patients with advanced disease, we used high-throughput drug screening to discover effective treatment strategies. Analysis of tumor-derived cells from four cases, two uterine malignancies and two colon cancers, identified effective drugs and drug combinations that were subsequently validated using 3-D cultures and PDX models. This platform thereby promotes the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches that can be assessed in clinical trials and provides personalized therapeutic options for individual patients where standard clinical options have been exhausted.Significance: Integration of genomic data with drug screening from personalized in vitro and in vivo cancer models guides precision cancer care and fuels next-generation research. Cancer Discov; 7(5); 462-77. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Picco and Garnett, p. 456This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 443.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Pauli
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Davide Prandi
- Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Reid Shaw
- Cure First and SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Andrea Sboner
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Verena Sailer
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michael Augello
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Loredana Puca
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Rachele Rosati
- Cure First and SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Terra J McNary
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Churakova
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Cynthia Cheung
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Joanna Triscott
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - David Pisapia
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Rema Rao
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Juan Miguel Mosquera
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Brian Robinson
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Bishoy M Faltas
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Vijayakrishna K Gadi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brady Bernard
- Cure First and SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
- Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carla Grandori
- Cure First and SEngine Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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24
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Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for cancer development and is associated with poor prognosis in multiple tumor types. The positive energy balance linked with obesity induces a variety of systemic changes including altered levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, adiponectin, steroid hormones, and cytokines. Each of these factors alters the nutritional milieu and has the potential to create an environment that favors tumor initiation and progression. Although the complete ramifications of obesity as it relates to cancer are still unclear, there is convincing evidence that reducing the magnitude of the systemic hormonal and inflammatory changes has significant clinical benefits. This review will examine the changes that occur in the obese state and review the biologic mechanisms that connect these changes to increased cancer risk. Understanding the metabolic changes that occur in obese individuals may also help to elucidate more effective treatment options for these patients when they develop cancer. Moving forward, targeted clinical trials examining the effects of behavioral modifications such as reduced carbohydrate intake, caloric restriction, structured exercise, and/or pharmacologic interventions such as the use of metformin, in obese populations may help to reduce their cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hopkins
- All authors: Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- All authors: Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- All authors: Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Historian of modern South Asia, specializing in Afghanistan and British rule of the Indian subcontinent. He has written extensively and co‐authored Fragments of the Afghan frontier with anthropologist Magnus Marsden. His current book project looks at the global replication of a system of frontier governmentality in the late 19th century
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26
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Abstract
Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten (PTEN) acts as a tumor suppressor through both PI3K-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Reduced PTEN activity has been shown to affect not only tumor cell proliferation and survival but also the microenvironmental context in which nascent tumors develop. As a result of the multifaceted tumor-suppressive roles of PTEN, tumors evolve by selecting for clones in which PTEN activity is lost. PTEN activity within tumors can be modulated in numerous ways, including direct mutation, epigenetic regulation, and amplification or mutation of other proteins that can regulate or degrade PTEN. These events functionally prevent PTEN protein from acting within tumor cells. Paracrine roles for PTEN gene products (exosomal PTEN and PTEN-L) have recently been identified, through which PTEN gene products produced in one cell are able to enter recipient cells and contribute to PTEN functions. In preclinical models purified PTEN-L protein was able to enter tumor xenografts and downregulate PI3K signaling as well as cause tumor cell death. Here, we review the role of PTEN as a multifaceted tumor suppressor and reflect upon the potential for PTEN restoration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ramon E Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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27
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Mense SM, Barrows D, Hodakoski C, Steinbach N, Schoenfeld D, Su W, Hopkins BD, Su T, Fine B, Hibshoosh H, Parsons R. PTEN inhibits PREX2-catalyzed activation of RAC1 to restrain tumor cell invasion. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra32. [PMID: 25829446 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN restrains cell migration and invasion by a mechanism that is independent of inhibition of the PI3K pathway and decreased activation of the kinase AKT. PREX2, a widely distributed GEF that activates the GTPase RAC1, binds to and inhibits PTEN. We used mouse embryonic fibroblasts and breast cancer cell lines to show that PTEN suppresses cell migration and invasion by blocking PREX2 activity. In addition to metabolizing the phosphoinositide PIP₃, PTEN inhibited PREX2-induced invasion by a mechanism that required the tail domain of PTEN, but not its lipid phosphatase activity. Fluorescent nucleotide exchange assays revealed that PTEN inhibited the GEF activity of PREX2 toward RAC1. PREX2 is a frequently mutated GEF in cancer, and examination of human tumor data showed that PREX2 mutation was associated with high PTEN expression. Therefore, we tested whether cancer-derived somatic PREX2 mutants, which accelerate tumor formation of immortalized melanocytes, were inhibited by PTEN. The three stably expressed, somatic PREX2 cancer mutants that we tested were resistant to PTEN-mediated inhibition of invasion but retained the ability to inhibit the lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN. In vitro analysis showed that PTEN did not block the GEF activity of two PREX2 cancer mutants and had a reduced binding affinity for the third. Thus, PTEN antagonized migration and invasion by restraining PREX2 GEF activity, and PREX2 mutants are likely selected in cancer to escape PTEN-mediated inhibition of invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Mense
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Douglas Barrows
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA. Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cindy Hodakoski
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole Steinbach
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA. Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular, Structural, and Genetic Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David Schoenfeld
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA. Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular, Structural, and Genetic Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - William Su
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tao Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Barry Fine
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, 1130 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA. Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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28
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Hopkins BD, Hodakoski C, Barrows D, Mense SM, Parsons RE. PTEN function: the long and the short of it. Trends Biochem Sci 2014; 39:183-90. [PMID: 24656806 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a phosphatase that is frequently altered in cancer. PTEN has phosphatase-dependent and -independent roles, and genetic alterations in PTEN lead to deregulation of protein synthesis, the cell cycle, migration, growth, DNA repair, and survival signaling. PTEN localization, stability, conformation, and phosphatase activity are controlled by an array of protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. Thus, PTEN-interacting and -modifying proteins have profound effects on the tumor suppressive functions of PTEN. Moreover, recent studies identified mechanisms by which PTEN can exit cells, via either exosomal export or secretion, and act on neighboring cells. This review focuses on modes of PTEN protein regulation and ways in which perturbations in this regulation may lead to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Cindy Hodakoski
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Douglas Barrows
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah M Mense
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ramon E Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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29
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Hopkins BD, Fine B, Steinbach N, Dendy M, Rapp Z, Shaw J, Pappas K, Yu JS, Hodakoski C, Mense S, Klein J, Pegno S, Sulis ML, Goldstein H, Amendolara B, Lei L, Maurer M, Bruce J, Canoll P, Hibshoosh H, Parsons R. A secreted PTEN phosphatase that enters cells to alter signaling and survival. Science 2013; 341:399-402. [PMID: 23744781 DOI: 10.1126/science.1234907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor and an antagonist of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway. We identified a 576-amino acid translational variant of PTEN, termed PTEN-Long, that arises from an alternative translation start site 519 base pairs upstream of the ATG initiation sequence, adding 173 N-terminal amino acids to the normal PTEN open reading frame. PTEN-Long is a membrane-permeable lipid phosphatase that is secreted from cells and can enter other cells. As an exogenous agent, PTEN-Long antagonized PI3K signaling and induced tumor cell death in vitro and in vivo. By providing a means to restore a functional tumor-suppressor protein to tumor cells, PTEN-Long may have therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Hopkins
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
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30
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Pires MM, Hopkins BD, Saal LH, Parsons RE. Alterations of EGFR, p53 and PTEN that mimic changes found in basal-like breast cancer promote transformation of human mammary epithelial cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:246-53. [PMID: 23291982 PMCID: PMC3595307 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.23297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer can be classified into different molecular subtypes with varying clinical and pathological characteristics. The basal-like breast cancer subtype represents one of the most aggressive and lethal types of breast cancer, and due to poor mechanistic understanding, it lacks targeted therapy. Many basal-like breast cancer patient samples display alterations of established drivers of cancer development, including elevated expression of EGFR, p53 inactivating mutations and loss of expression of the tumor suppressor PTEN; however, their contribution to human basal-like breast cancer pathogenesis remains ill-defined. Using non-transformed human mammary epithelial cells, we set out to determine whether altering EGFR, p53 and PTEN in different combinations could contribute to basal-like breast cancer progression through transformation of cells. Altering PTEN in combination with either p53 or EGFR in contrast to any of the single alterations caused increased growth of transformed colonies in soft agar. Concomitantly modifying all three genes led to the highest rate of cellular proliferation and the greatest degree of anchorage-independent colony formation. Results from our effort to engineer a model of BBC expressing alterations of EGFR, p53 and PTEN suggest that these changes are cooperative and likely play a causal role in basal-like breast cancer pathogenesis. Consideration should be given to targeting EGFR and restoring p53 and PTEN signaling simultaneously as a strategy for treatment of this subtype of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira M Pires
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Maurer M, Su T, Saal LH, Koujak S, Hopkins BD, Barkley CR, Wu J, Nandula S, Dutta B, Xie Y, Chin YR, Kim DI, Ferris JS, Gruvberger-Saal SK, Laakso M, Wang X, Memeo L, Rojtman A, Matos T, Yu JS, Cordon-Cardo C, Isola J, Terry MB, Toker A, Mills GB, Zhao JJ, Murty VVVS, Hibshoosh H, Parsons R. 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 potentiates upstream lesions on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in breast carcinoma. Cancer Res 2009; 69:6299-306. [PMID: 19602588 PMCID: PMC2727605 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lesions of ERBB2, PTEN, and PIK3CA activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway during cancer development by increasing levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP(3)). 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) is the first node of the PI3K signal output and is required for activation of AKT. PIP(3) recruits PDK1 and AKT to the cell membrane through interactions with their pleckstrin homology domains, allowing PDK1 to activate AKT by phosphorylating it at residue threonine-308. We show that total PDK1 protein and mRNA were overexpressed in a majority of human breast cancers and that 21% of tumors had five or more copies of the gene encoding PDK1, PDPK1. We found that increased PDPK1 copy number was associated with upstream pathway lesions (ERBB2 amplification, PTEN loss, or PIK3CA mutation), as well as patient survival. Examination of an independent set of breast cancers and tumor cell lines derived from multiple forms of human cancers also found increased PDK1 protein levels associated with such upstream pathway lesions. In human mammary cells, PDK1 enhanced the ability of upstream lesions to signal to AKT, stimulate cell growth and migration, and rendered cells more resistant to PDK1 and PI3K inhibition. After orthotopic transplantation, PDK1 overexpression was not oncogenic but dramatically enhanced the ability of ERBB2 to form tumors. Our studies argue that PDK1 overexpression and increased PDPK1 copy number are common occurrences in cancer that potentiate the oncogenic effect of upstream lesions on the PI3K pathway. Therefore, we conclude that alteration of PDK1 is a critical component of oncogenic PI3K signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Maurer
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Tao Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lao H. Saal
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Susan Koujak
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Christina R. Barkley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Subhadra Nandula
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Bhaskar Dutta
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuli Xie
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Y. Rebecca Chin
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Da-In Kim
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer S. Ferris
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sofia K. Gruvberger-Saal
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Mervi Laakso
- Seinajoki Central Hospital, Seinajoki, Finland, Institute of Medical Technology, University and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Catania, Italy
| | - Albert Rojtman
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Tulio Matos
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer S. Yu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jorma Isola
- Institute of Medical Technology, University and University Hospital of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jean J. Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vundavalli V. V. S. Murty
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, Institute for Cancer Genetics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Horst B, Gruvberger-Saal SK, Hopkins BD, Bordone L, Yang Y, Chernoff KA, Uzoma I, Schwipper V, Liebau J, Nowak NJ, Brunner G, Owens D, Rimm DL, Parsons R, Celebi JT. Gab2-mediated signaling promotes melanoma metastasis. Am J Pathol 2009; 174:1524-33. [PMID: 19342374 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a disease with a poor prognosis that currently lacks effective treatments. Critical biological features of metastasis include acquisition of migratory competence, growth factor independence, and invasive potential. In an attempt to identify genes that contribute to melanoma pathogenesis, a genome-wide search using bacterial artificial chromosome array comparative genomic hybridization and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays in a series of 64 metastatic melanoma samples and 20 melanoma cell lines identified increased copy numbers of Gab2 located on 11q14.1. Gab2 is an adaptor protein that potentiates the activation of the Ras-Erk and PI3K-Akt pathways and has recently been implicated in human cancer; however, its role in melanoma has not been explored. In this study, we found that Gab2 was either amplified (approximately 11%) and/or overexpressed (approximately 50%) in melanoma. Gab2 protein expression correlated with clinical melanoma progression, and higher levels of expression were seen in metastatic melanomas compared with primary melanoma and melanocytic nevi. We found that overexpression of Gab2 potentiates, whereas silencing of Gab2 reduces, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Gab2 mediated the hyperactivation of Akt signaling in the absence of growth factors, whereas inhibition of the PI3K-Akt pathway decreased Gab2-mediated tumor cell migration and invasive potential. Gab2 overexpression resulted in enhanced tumor growth and metastatic potential in vivo. These studies demonstrate a previously undefined role for Gab2 in melanoma tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Horst
- Columbia University, Department of Pathology, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Sun J, Hopkins BD, Tsujikawa K, Perruzzi C, Adini I, Swerlick R, Bornstein P, Lawler J, Benjamin LE. Thrombospondin-1 modulates VEGF-A-mediated Akt signaling and capillary survival in the developing retina. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2009; 296:H1344-51. [PMID: 19304944 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01246.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microvascular development is often perceived to result from a balance of positive and negative factors that impact signaling for proliferation and survival. The survival signaling that results from hypoxia-induced VEGF-A has been well established, but the factors that antagonize this signaling have been poorly studied. As endogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis, thrombospondins (TSPs) are likely candidates to affect survival signaling. Here we report that TSP1 antagonized microvascular survival to retinal hyperoxia, and Akt signaling in both the retina and in cultured endothelial cells. TSP1 expression is correlated with the association of the CD36 receptor with Src versus Fyn. In the presence of TSP1, CD36 is coprecipitated with Fyn as previously shown by others. However, in the absence of TSP1, there is a preferential association with Src. We now demonstrate that these Src family kinases play an important role in modulating microvascular survival in response to TSP1 by crossing tsp1(-/-) mice to the src(-/-) and fyn(-/-) mice and testing the survival of retinal blood vessels in hyperoxia. We find that tsp1(-/-), fyn(-/-), and double-mutant tsp1(-/-)/fyn(-/-) mice have a similar enhancement of capillary survival in oxygen, whereas in a tsp(-/-) background, the loss of only one allele of src restores the balance in survival and apoptosis to that of wild-type mice. Taken together, we hypothesize that TSP1 antagonizes VEGF-driven Akt survival signaling in part through the recruitment of Fyn to membrane domains containing CD36, but when TSP1 is absent, an opposing Src recruitment contributes to VEGF-driven Akt phosphorylation and capillary survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Sun
- Dept. of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Ctr. and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Takeda Y, Kazarov AR, Butterfield CE, Hopkins BD, Benjamin LE, Kaipainen A, Hemler ME. Deletion of tetraspanin Cd151 results in decreased pathologic angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Blood 2006; 109:1524-32. [PMID: 17023588 PMCID: PMC1794066 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-08-041970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanin protein CD151 is abundant on endothelial cells. To determine whether CD151 affects angiogenesis, Cd151-null mice were prepared. Cd151-null mice showed no vascular defects during normal development or during neonatal oxygen-induced retinopathy. However, Cd151-null mice showed impaired pathologic angiogenesis in other in vivo assays (Matrigel plug, corneal micropocket, tumor implantation) and in the ex vivo aortic ring assay. Cd151-null mouse lung endothelial cells (MLECs) showed normal adhesion and proliferation, but marked alterations in vitro, in assays relevant to angiogenesis (migration, spreading, invasion, Matrigel contraction, tube and cable formation, spheroid sprouting). Consistent with these functional impairments, and with the close, preferential association of CD151 with laminin-binding integrins, Cd151-null MLECs also showed selective signaling defects, particularly on laminin substrate. Adhesion-dependent activation of PKB/c-Akt, e-NOS, Rac, and Cdc42 was diminished, but Raf, ERK, p38 MAP kinase, FAK, and Src were unaltered. In Cd151-null MLECs, connections were disrupted between laminin-binding integrins and at least 5 other proteins. In conclusion, CD151 modulates molecular organization of laminin-binding integrins, thereby supporting secondary (ie, after cell adhesion) functions of endothelial cells, which are needed for some types of pathologic angiogenesis in vivo. Selective effects of CD151 on pathologic angiogenesis make it a potentially useful target for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Takeda
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Vascular Biology Program, Children's Hospital, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Hopkins BD, Sato K, Nakano A, Graham TR. Introduction of Kex2 cleavage sites in fusion proteins for monitoring localization and transport in yeast secretory pathway. Methods Enzymol 2001; 327:107-18. [PMID: 11044978 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)27271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B D Hopkins
- Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Reynolds TB, Hopkins BD, Lyons MR, Graham TR. The high osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) MAP kinase pathway controls localization of a yeast golgi glycosyltransferase. J Cell Biol 1998; 143:935-46. [PMID: 9817752 PMCID: PMC2132948 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.143.4.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (Mnn1p) is localized to the Golgi by independent transmembrane and lumenal domain signals. The lumenal domain is localized to the Golgi complex when expressed as a soluble form (Mnn1-s) by exchange of its transmembrane domain for a cleavable signal sequence (Graham, T. R., and V. A. Krasnov. 1995. Mol. Biol. Cell. 6:809-824). Mutants that failed to retain the lumenal domain in the Golgi complex, called lumenal domain retention (ldr) mutants, were isolated by screening mutagenized yeast colonies for those that secreted Mnn1-s. Two genes were identified by this screen, HOG1, a gene encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that functions in the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, and LDR1. We have found that basal signaling through the HOG pathway is required to localize Mnn1-s to the Golgi in standard osmotic conditions. Mutations in HOG1 and LDR1 also perturb localization of intact Mnn1p, resulting in its loss from early Golgi compartments and a concomitant increase of Mnn1p in later Golgi compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Reynolds
- Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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