1
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Bram Y, Duan X, Nilsson-Payant BE, Chandar V, Wu H, Shore D, Fajardo A, Sinha S, Hassan N, Weinstein H, TenOever BR, Chen S, Schwartz RE. Dual-Reporter System for Real-Time Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Activity in Live Cells Enables Identification of an Allosteric Inhibition Path. ACS Bio Med Chem Au 2022; 2:627-641. [PMID: 36570071 PMCID: PMC9603010 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is an ongoing threat to global health, and the continuing emergence of contagious variants highlights the urgent need for additional antiviral therapy to attenuate COVID-19 disease. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CLpro) presents an attractive target for such therapy due to its high sequence conservation and key role in the viral life cycle. In this study, we designed a fluorescent-luminescent cell-based reporter for the detection and quantification of 3CLpro intracellular activity. Employing this platform, we examined the efficiency of known protease inhibitors against 3CLpro and further identified potent inhibitors through high-throughput chemical screening. Computational analysis confirmed a direct interaction of the lead compounds with the protease catalytic site and identified a prototype for efficient allosteric inhibition. These developments address a pressing need for a convenient sensor and specific targets for both virus detection and rapid discovery of potential inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Bram
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- Department
of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Benjamin E. Nilsson-Payant
- Department
of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, One Gustav L Levy Place, New York, New York 10029, United
States
| | - Vasuretha Chandar
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hao Wu
- Department
of Physiology, Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Derek Shore
- Department
of Physiology, Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Alvaro Fajardo
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Saloni Sinha
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nora Hassan
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Harel Weinstein
- Department
of Physiology, Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States,
| | - Benjamin R. TenOever
- Department
of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, One Gustav L Levy Place, New York, New York 10029, United
States,
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department
of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States,
| | - Robert E. Schwartz
- Division
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States,Department
of Physiology, Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States,
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2
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Ng AT, Moon JJ, Steidl OR, Bussan H, Tran JM, Luong G, Nihal A, Kenfield M, Frere J, TenOever BR, Costa da Silva AC, Mays JW, Cowen EW, Drolet BA, Singh AM, Arkin LM. Pernio and early SARS-CoV-2 variants: natural history of a prospective cohort and the role of interferon. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:617-619. [PMID: 35653263 PMCID: PMC9347790 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.21693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cases of new-onset pernio and recurrences in our cohort align tightly with trends in mean 7-day COVID-19 positivity in Wisconsin and mean temperature in Madison, Wisconsin by month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley T. Ng
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - John J. Moon
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Olivia R. Steidl
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Hailey Bussan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Tran
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - George Luong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Aman Nihal
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Meaghan Kenfield
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Justin Frere
- Department of MicrobiologyNew York University, Langone HealthNew YorkNY10016USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Beth A. Drolet
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Anne Marie Singh
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Lisa M. Arkin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
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3
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Samelson AJ, Tran QD, Robinot R, Carrau L, Rezelj VV, Kain AM, Chen M, Ramadoss GN, Guo X, Lim SA, Lui I, Nuñez JK, Rockwood SJ, Wang J, Liu N, Carlson-Stevermer J, Oki J, Maures T, Holden K, Weissman JS, Wells JA, Conklin BR, TenOever BR, Chakrabarti LA, Vignuzzi M, Tian R, Kampmann M. BRD2 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing transcription of the host cell receptor ACE2. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:24-34. [PMID: 35027731 PMCID: PMC8820466 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells is initiated by the binding of the viral Spike protein to its cell-surface receptor ACE2. We conducted a targeted CRISPRi screen to uncover druggable pathways controlling Spike protein binding to human cells. Here we show that the protein BRD2 is required for ACE2 transcription in human lung epithelial cells and cardiomyocytes, and BRD2 inhibitors currently evaluated in clinical trials potently block endogenous ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells, including those of human nasal epithelia. Moreover, pharmacological BRD2 inhibition with the drug ABBV-744 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Syrian hamsters. We also found that BRD2 controls transcription of several other genes induced upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the interferon response, which in turn regulates the antiviral response. Together, our results pinpoint BRD2 as a potent and essential regulator of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the potential of BRD2 as a therapeutic target for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi J Samelson
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quang Dinh Tran
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- École Doctorale BioSPC, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Robinot
- Institut Pasteur, CIVIC Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Carrau
- Microbiology Department, NYU-Langone, New York, NY, USA
| | - Veronica V Rezelj
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Alice Mac Kain
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- École Doctorale BioSPC, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Merissa Chen
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gokul N Ramadoss
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shion A Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Irene Lui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James K Nuñez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jianhui Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce R Conklin
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Chakrabarti
- Institut Pasteur, CIVIC Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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4
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Samelson AJ, Tran QD, Robinot R, Carrau L, Rezelj VV, Mac Kain A, Chen M, Ramadoss GN, Guo X, Lim SA, Lui I, Nunez J, Rockwood SJ, Wang J, Liu N, Carlson-Stevermer J, Oki J, Maures T, Holden K, Weissman JS, Wells JA, Conklin BR, TenOever BR, Chakrabarti LA, Vignuzzi M, Tian R, Kampmann M. BRD2 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing transcription of the host cell receptor ACE2. bioRxiv 2021:2021.01.19.427194. [PMID: 33501440 PMCID: PMC7836110 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.19.427194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells is initiated by the binding of the viral Spike protein to its cell-surface receptor ACE2. We conducted a targeted CRISPRi screen to uncover druggable pathways controlling Spike protein binding to human cells. We found that the protein BRD2 is required for ACE2 transcription in human lung epithelial cells and cardiomyocytes, and BRD2 inhibitors currently evaluated in clinical trials potently block endogenous ACE2 expression and SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cells, including those of human nasal epithelia. Moreover, pharmacological BRD2 inhibition with the drug ABBV-744 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Syrian hamsters. We also found that BRD2 controls transcription of several other genes induced upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the interferon response, which in turn regulates the antiviral response. Together, our results pinpoint BRD2 as a potent and essential regulator of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the potential of BRD2 as a novel therapeutic target for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi J Samelson
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Quang Dinh Tran
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
- École Doctorale BioSPC, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Rémy Robinot
- Institut Pasteur, CIVIC Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lucia Carrau
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029
| | - Veronica V Rezelj
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alice Mac Kain
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
- École Doctorale BioSPC, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Merissa Chen
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gokul N Ramadoss
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, 94158, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shion A Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
- Present address: Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Irene Lui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
| | - James Nunez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Jianhui Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518055
| | - Na Liu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518055
| | - Jared Carlson-Stevermer
- Synthego Corporation, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, USA
| | - Jennifer Oki
- Synthego Corporation, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, USA
| | - Travis Maures
- Synthego Corporation, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, USA
| | - Kevin Holden
- Synthego Corporation, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02142, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, 02142, USA, Innovative Genomics Institute, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruce R Conklin
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, 94158, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. 94158, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Chakrabarti
- Institut Pasteur, CIVIC Group, Virus and Immunity Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Institut Pasteur, Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518055
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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5
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Guzmán-Solís AA, Villa-Islas V, Bravo-López MJ, Sandoval-Velasco M, Wesp JK, Gómez-Valdés JA, Moreno-Cabrera MDLL, Meraz A, Solís-Pichardo G, Schaaf P, TenOever BR, Blanco-Melo D, Ávila Arcos MC. Ancient viral genomes reveal introduction of human pathogenic viruses into Mexico during the transatlantic slave trade. eLife 2021; 10:e68612. [PMID: 34350829 PMCID: PMC8423449 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
After the European colonization of the Americas, there was a dramatic population collapse of the Indigenous inhabitants caused in part by the introduction of new pathogens. Although there is much speculation on the etiology of the Colonial epidemics, direct evidence for the presence of specific viruses during the Colonial era is lacking. To uncover the diversity of viral pathogens during this period, we designed an enrichment assay targeting ancient DNA (aDNA) from viruses of clinical importance and applied it to DNA extracts from individuals found in a Colonial hospital and a Colonial chapel (16th-18th century) where records suggest that victims of epidemics were buried during important outbreaks in Mexico City. This allowed us to reconstruct three ancient human parvovirus B19 genomes and one ancient human hepatitis B virus genome from distinct individuals. The viral genomes are similar to African strains, consistent with the inferred morphological and genetic African ancestry of the hosts as well as with the isotopic analysis of the human remains, suggesting an origin on the African continent. This study provides direct molecular evidence of ancient viruses being transported to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade and their subsequent introduction to New Spain. Altogether, our observations enrich the discussion about the etiology of infectious diseases during the Colonial period in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel A Guzmán-Solís
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
| | - Viridiana Villa-Islas
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
| | - Miriam J Bravo-López
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
| | - Marcela Sandoval-Velasco
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Julie K Wesp
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State UniversityRaleighUnited States
| | | | | | - Alejandro Meraz
- Instituto Nacional de Antropología e HistoriaMexico CityMexico
| | - Gabriela Solís-Pichardo
- Laboratorio Universitario de Geoquímica Isotópica (LUGIS), Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Peter Schaaf
- LUGIS, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico
| | - Benjamin R TenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Daniel Blanco-Melo
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattle, WAUnited States
| | - María C Ávila Arcos
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
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6
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Ho JSY, Mok BWY, Campisi L, Jordan T, Yildiz S, Parameswaran S, Wayman JA, Gaudreault NN, Meekins DA, Indran SV, Morozov I, Trujillo JD, Fstkchyan YS, Rathnasinghe R, Zhu Z, Zheng S, Zhao N, White K, Ray-Jones H, Malysheva V, Thiecke MJ, Lau SY, Liu H, Zhang AJ, Lee ACY, Liu WC, Jangra S, Escalera A, Aydillo T, Melo BS, Guccione E, Sebra R, Shum E, Bakker J, Kaufman DA, Moreira AL, Carossino M, Balasuriya UBR, Byun M, Albrecht RA, Schotsaert M, Garcia-Sastre A, Chanda SK, Miraldi ER, Jeyasekharan AD, TenOever BR, Spivakov M, Weirauch MT, Heinz S, Chen H, Benner C, Richt JA, Marazzi I. TOP1 inhibition therapy protects against SARS-CoV-2-induced lethal inflammation. Cell 2021; 184:2618-2632.e17. [PMID: 33836156 PMCID: PMC8008343 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently affecting millions of lives worldwide. Large retrospective studies indicate that an elevated level of inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors are associated with both increased disease severity and mortality. Here, using multidimensional epigenetic, transcriptional, in vitro, and in vivo analyses, we report that topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) inhibition suppresses lethal inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2. Therapeutic treatment with two doses of topotecan (TPT), an FDA-approved TOP1 inhibitor, suppresses infection-induced inflammation in hamsters. TPT treatment as late as 4 days post-infection reduces morbidity and rescues mortality in a transgenic mouse model. These results support the potential of TOP1 inhibition as an effective host-directed therapy against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. TPT and its derivatives are inexpensive clinical-grade inhibitors available in most countries. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of repurposing TOP1 inhibitors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sook Yuin Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bobo Wing-Yee Mok
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Laura Campisi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tristan Jordan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Soner Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sreeja Parameswaran
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joseph A Wayman
- Divisions of Immunobiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Natasha N Gaudreault
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - David A Meekins
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Sabarish V Indran
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Igor Morozov
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jessie D Trujillo
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Yesai S Fstkchyan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Raveen Rathnasinghe
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zeyu Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Simin Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kris White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Helen Ray-Jones
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | - Siu-Ying Lau
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Honglian Liu
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Anna Junxia Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sonia Jangra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alba Escalera
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Teresa Aydillo
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Betsaida Salom Melo
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elaine Shum
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, NYU Langone Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jan Bakker
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Editor in Chief, Journal of Critical Care, NYU School of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - David A Kaufman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andre L Moreira
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariano Carossino
- Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Udeni B R Balasuriya
- Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Minji Byun
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Randy A Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sumit K Chanda
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Divisions of Immunobiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital and Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin R TenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Virus Engineering Center for Therapeutics and Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sven Heinz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine (HKUMed), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA
| | - Juergen A Richt
- Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Yuin Ho JS, Wing-Yee Mok B, Campisi L, Jordan T, Yildiz S, Parameswaran S, Wayman JA, Gaudreault NN, Meekins DA, Indran SV, Morozov I, Trujillo JD, Fstkchyan YS, Rathnasinghe R, Zhu Z, Zheng S, Zhao N, White K, Ray-Jones H, Malysheva V, Thiecke MJ, Lau SY, Liu H, Junxia Zhang A, Chak-Yiu Lee A, Liu WC, Aydillo T, Salom Melo B, Guccione E, Sebra R, Shum E, Bakker J, Kaufman DA, Moreira AL, Carossino M, Balasuriya UBR, Byun M, Miraldi ER, Albrecht RA, Schotsaert M, Garcia-Sastre A, Chanda SK, Jeyasekharan AD, TenOever BR, Spivakov M, Weirauch MT, Heinz S, Chen H, Benner C, Richt JA, Marazzi I. Topoisomerase 1 inhibition therapy protects against SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation and death in animal models. bioRxiv 2020. [PMID: 33299999 DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.01.404483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently affecting millions of lives worldwide. Large retrospective studies indicate that an elevated level of inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors are associated with both increased disease severity and mortality. Here, using multidimensional epigenetic, transcriptional, in vitro and in vivo analyses, we report that Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibition suppresses lethal inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2. Therapeutic treatment with two doses of Topotecan (TPT), a FDA-approved Top1 inhibitor, suppresses infection-induced inflammation in hamsters. TPT treatment as late as four days post-infection reduces morbidity and rescues mortality in a transgenic mouse model. These results support the potential of Top1 inhibition as an effective host-directed therapy against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. TPT and its derivatives are inexpensive clinical-grade inhibitors available in most countries. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of repurposing Top1 inhibitors for COVID-19 in humans.
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