1
|
Li J, Hubisz MJ, Earlie EM, Duran MA, Hong C, Varela AA, Lettera E, Deyell M, Tavora B, Havel JJ, Phyu SM, Amin AD, Budre K, Kamiya E, Cavallo JA, Garris C, Powell S, Reis-Filho JS, Wen H, Bettigole S, Khan AJ, Izar B, Parkes EE, Laughney AM, Bakhoum SF. Non-cell-autonomous cancer progression from chromosomal instability. Nature 2023; 620:1080-1088. [PMID: 37612508 PMCID: PMC10468402 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a driver of cancer metastasis1-4, yet the extent to which this effect depends on the immune system remains unknown. Using ContactTracing-a newly developed, validated and benchmarked tool to infer the nature and conditional dependence of cell-cell interactions from single-cell transcriptomic data-we show that CIN-induced chronic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway promotes downstream signal re-wiring in cancer cells, leading to a pro-metastatic tumour microenvironment. This re-wiring is manifested by type I interferon tachyphylaxis selectively downstream of STING and a corresponding increase in cancer cell-derived endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Reversal of CIN, depletion of cancer cell STING or inhibition of ER stress response signalling abrogates CIN-dependent effects on the tumour microenvironment and suppresses metastasis in immune competent, but not severely immune compromised, settings. Treatment with STING inhibitors reduces CIN-driven metastasis in melanoma, breast and colorectal cancers in a manner dependent on tumour cell-intrinsic STING. Finally, we show that CIN and pervasive cGAS activation in micronuclei are associated with ER stress signalling, immune suppression and metastasis in human triple-negative breast cancer, highlighting a viable strategy to identify and therapeutically intervene in tumours spurred by CIN-induced inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa J Hubisz
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Bioinformatics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ethan M Earlie
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mercedes A Duran
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christy Hong
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Austin A Varela
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emanuele Lettera
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Deyell
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Su M Phyu
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amit Dipak Amin
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karolina Budre
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erina Kamiya
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie-Ann Cavallo
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Garris
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Wen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Atif J Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eileen E Parkes
- Department of Oncology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ashley M Laughney
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Samuel F Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Mei W, Padmanaban V, Alwaseem H, Molina H, Passarelli MC, Tavora B, Tavazoie SF. A pro-metastatic tRNA fragment drives Nucleolin oligomerization and stabilization of its bound metabolic mRNAs. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2604-2617.e8. [PMID: 35654044 PMCID: PMC9444141 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) into tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) occurs across organisms from yeast to humans; yet, its mechanistic underpinnings and pathological consequences remain poorly defined. Small RNA profiling revealed increased abundance of a cysteine tRNA fragment (5'-tRFCys) during breast cancer metastatic progression. 5'-tRFCys was required for efficient breast cancer metastatic lung colonization and cancer cell survival. We identified Nucleolin as the direct binding partner of 5'-tRFCys. 5'-tRFCys promoted the oligomerization of Nucleolin and its bound metabolic transcripts Mthfd1l and Pafah1b1 into a higher-order transcript stabilizing ribonucleoprotein complex, which protected these transcripts from exonucleolytic degradation. Consistent with this, Mthfd1l and Pafah1b1 mediated pro-metastatic and metabolic effects downstream of 5'-tRFCys-impacting folate, one-carbon, and phosphatidylcholine metabolism. Our findings reveal that a tRF can promote oligomerization of an RNA-binding protein into a transcript stabilizing ribonucleoprotein complex, thereby driving specific metabolic pathways underlying cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhang Liu
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wenbin Mei
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Veena Padmanaban
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hanan Alwaseem
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria C Passarelli
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu XG, Chudnovskiy A, Baudrier L, Prizer B, Liu Y, Ostendorf BN, Yamaguchi N, Arab A, Tavora B, Timson R, Heissel S, de Stanchina E, Molina H, Victora GD, Goodarzi H, Birsoy K. Functional Genomics In Vivo Reveal Metabolic Dependencies of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cell Metab 2021; 33:211-221.e6. [PMID: 33152324 PMCID: PMC7790894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells require substantial metabolic rewiring to overcome nutrient limitations and immune surveillance. However, the metabolic pathways necessary for pancreatic tumor growth in vivo are poorly understood. To address this, we performed metabolism-focused CRISPR screens in PDAC cells grown in culture or engrafted in immunocompetent mice. While most metabolic gene essentialities are unexpectedly similar under these conditions, a small fraction of metabolic genes are differentially required for tumor progression. Among these, loss of heme synthesis reduces tumor growth due to a limiting role of heme in vivo, an effect independent of tissue origin or immune system. Our screens also identify autophagy as a metabolic requirement for pancreatic tumor immune evasion. Mechanistically, autophagy protects cancer cells from CD8+ T cell killing through TNFα-induced cell death in vitro. Altogether, this resource provides metabolic dependencies arising from microenvironmental limitations and the immune system, nominating potential anti-cancer targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiphias Ge Zhu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksey Chudnovskiy
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lou Baudrier
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Prizer
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin N Ostendorf
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Norihiro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abolfozl Arab
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Timson
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Søren Heissel
- The Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- The Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel D Victora
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kıvanç Birsoy
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tavora B, Mederer T, Wessel KJ, Ruffing S, Sadjadi M, Missmahl M, Ostendorf BN, Liu X, Kim JY, Olsen O, Welm AL, Goodarzi H, Tavazoie SF. Tumoural activation of TLR3-SLIT2 axis in endothelium drives metastasis. Nature 2020; 586:299-304. [PMID: 32999457 PMCID: PMC8088828 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels support tumours by providing nutrients and oxygen, while also acting as conduits for the dissemination of cancer1. Here we use mouse models of breast and lung cancer to investigate whether endothelial cells also have active 'instructive' roles in the dissemination of cancer. We purified genetically tagged endothelial ribosomes and their associated transcripts from highly and poorly metastatic tumours. Deep sequencing revealed that metastatic tumours induced expression of the axon-guidance gene Slit2 in endothelium, establishing differential expression between the endothelial (high Slit2 expression) and tumoural (low Slit2 expression) compartments. Endothelial-derived SLIT2 protein and its receptor ROBO1 promoted the migration of cancer cells towards endothelial cells and intravasation. Deleting endothelial Slit2 suppressed metastatic dissemination in mouse models of breast and lung cancer. Conversely, deletion of tumoural Slit2 enhanced metastatic progression. We identified double-stranded RNA derived from tumour cells as an upstream signal that induces expression of endothelial SLIT2 by acting on the RNA-sensing receptor TLR3. Accordingly, a set of endogenous retroviral element RNAs were upregulated in metastatic cells and detected extracellularly. Thus, cancer cells co-opt innate RNA sensing to induce a chemotactic signalling pathway in endothelium that drives intravasation and metastasis. These findings reveal that endothelial cells have a direct instructive role in driving metastatic dissemination, and demonstrate that a single gene (Slit2) can promote or suppress cancer progression depending on its cellular source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tobias Mederer
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kai J Wessel
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon Ruffing
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahan Sadjadi
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Missmahl
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin N Ostendorf
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuhang Liu
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olav Olsen
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Repair, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ostendorf BN, Bilanovic J, Adaku N, Tafreshian KN, Tavora B, Vaughan RD, Tavazoie SF. Common germline variants of the human APOE gene modulate melanoma progression and survival. Nat Med 2020; 26:1048-1053. [PMID: 32451497 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Common germline variants of the APOE gene are major risk modifiers of neurodegenerative and atherosclerotic diseases1-3, but their effect on cancer outcome is poorly defined. Here we report that, in a reversal of their effect on Alzheimer's disease, the APOE4 and APOE2 variants confer favorable and poor outcomes in melanoma, respectively. Mice expressing the human APOE4 allele exhibited reduced melanoma progression and metastasis relative to APOE2 mice. APOE4 mice exhibited enhanced anti-tumor immune activation relative to APOE2 mice, and T cell depletion experiments showed that the effect of APOE genotype on melanoma progression was mediated by altered anti-tumor immunity. Consistently, patients with melanoma carrying the APOE4 variant experienced improved survival in comparison to carriers of APOE2. Notably, APOE4 mice also showed improved outcomes under PD1 immune checkpoint blockade relative to APOE2 mice, and patients carrying APOE4 experienced improved anti-PD1 immunotherapy survival after progression on frontline regimens. Finally, enhancing APOE expression via pharmacologic activation of liver X receptors, previously shown to boost anti-tumor immunity4, exhibited therapeutic efficacy in APOE4 mice but not in APOE2 mice. These findings demonstrate that pre-existing hereditary genetics can impact progression and survival outcomes of a future malignancy and warrant prospective investigation of APOE genotype as a biomarker for melanoma outcome and therapeutic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Ostendorf
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jana Bilanovic
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nneoma Adaku
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kimia N Tafreshian
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roger D Vaughan
- Department of Biostatistics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pedrosa AR, Bodrug N, Gomez-Escudero J, Carter EP, Reynolds LE, Georgiou PN, Fernandez I, Lees DM, Kostourou V, Alexopoulou AN, Batista S, Tavora B, Serrels B, Parsons M, Iskratsch T, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Tumor Angiogenesis Is Differentially Regulated by Phosphorylation of Endothelial Cell Focal Adhesion Kinase Tyrosines-397 and -861. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4371-4386. [PMID: 31189647 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in endothelial cells (EC) is essential for angiogenesis, but how FAK phosphorylation at tyrosine-(Y)397 and Y861 regulate tumor angiogenesis in vivo is unknown. Here, we show that tumor growth and angiogenesis are constitutively reduced in inducible, ECCre+;FAKY397F/Y397F -mutant mice. Conversely, ECCre+;FAKY861F/Y861F mice exhibit normal tumor growth with an initial reduction in angiogenesis that recovered in end-stage tumors. Mechanistically, FAK-Y397F ECs exhibit increased Tie2 expression, reduced Vegfr2 expression, decreased β1 integrin activation, and disrupted downstream FAK/Src/PI3K(p55)/Akt signaling. In contrast, FAK-Y861F ECs showed decreased Vegfr2 and Tie2 expression with an enhancement in β1 integrin activation. This corresponds with a decrease in Vegfa-stimulated response, but an increase in Vegfa+Ang2- or conditioned medium from tumor cell-stimulated cellular/angiogenic responses, mimicking responses in end-stage tumors with elevated Ang2 levels. Mechanistically, FAK-Y861F, but not FAK-Y397F ECs showed enhanced p190RhoGEF/P130Cas-dependent signaling that is required for the elevated responses to Vegfa+Ang2. This study establishes the differential requirements of EC-FAK-Y397 and EC-FAK-Y861 phosphorylation in the regulation of EC signaling and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE: Distinct motifs of the focal adhesion kinase differentially regulate tumor blood vessel formation and remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Rita Pedrosa
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Bodrug
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesus Gomez-Escudero
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward P Carter
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paraskivi Natalia Georgiou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Delphine M Lees
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vassiliki Kostourou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annika N Alexopoulou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Batista
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alexopoulou AN, Lees DM, Bodrug N, Lechertier T, Fernandez I, D'Amico G, Dukinfield M, Batista S, Tavora B, Serrels B, Hodivala‐Dilke K. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) tyrosine 397E mutation restores the vascular leakage defect in endothelium-specific FAK-kinase dead mice. J Pathol 2017; 242:358-370. [PMID: 28444899 PMCID: PMC5518444 DOI: 10.1002/path.4911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors have been developed as potential anticancer agents and are undergoing clinical trials. In vitro activation of the FAK kinase domain triggers autophosphorylation of Y397, Src activation, and subsequent phosphorylation of other FAK tyrosine residues. However, how FAK Y397 mutations affect FAK kinase-dead (KD) phenotypes in tumour angiogenesis in vivo is unknown. We developed three Pdgfb-iCreert -driven endothelial cell (EC)-specific, tamoxifen-inducible homozygous mutant mouse lines: FAK wild-type (WT), FAK KD, and FAK double mutant (DM), i.e. KD with a putatively phosphomimetic Y397E mutation. These ECCre+;FAKWT/WT , ECCre+;FAKKD/KD and ECCre+;FAKDM/DM mice were injected subcutaneously with syngeneic B16F0 melanoma cells. Tumour growth and tumour blood vessel functions were unchanged between ECCre+;FAKWT/WT and ECCre-;FAKWT/WT control mice. In contrast, tumour growth and vessel density were decreased in ECCre+;FAKKD/KD and ECCre+;FAKDM/DM mice, as compared with Cre - littermates. Despite no change in the percentage of perfused vessels or pericyte coverage in either genotype, tumour hypoxia was elevated in ECCre+;FAKKD/KD and ECCre+;FAKDM/DM mice. Furthermore, although ECCre+;FAKKD/KD mice showed reduced blood vessel leakage, ECCre+;FAKDM/DM and ECCre-;FAKDM/DM mice showed no difference in leakage. Mechanistically, fibronectin-stimulated Y397 autophosphorylation was reduced in Cre+;FAKKD/KD ECs as compared with Cre+;FAKWT/WT cells, with no change in phosphorylation of the known Src targets FAK-Y577, FAK-Y861, FAK-Y925, paxillin-Y118, p130Cas-Y410. Cre+;FAKDM/DM ECs showed decreased Src target phosphorylation levels, suggesting that the Y397E substitution actually disrupted Src activation. Reduced VE-cadherin-pY658 levels in Cre+;FAKKD/KD ECs were rescued in Cre+FAKDM/DM ECs, corresponding with the rescue in vessel leakage in the ECCre+;FAKDM/DM mice. We show that EC-specific FAK kinase activity is required for tumour growth, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. The ECCre+;FAKDM/DM mice restored the KD-dependent tumour vascular leakage observed in ECCre+;FAKKD/KD mice in vivo. This study opens new fields in in vivo FAK signalling. © 2017 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Delphine M Lees
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Natalia Bodrug
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Tanguy Lechertier
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- Platform of Expertise for Rare Diseases Paris‐SudLe Kremlin‐BicêtreFrance
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthew Dukinfield
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Silvia Batista
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer ResearchSuttonUK
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyRockefeller UniversityNew YorkUSA
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tavora B, Batista S, Reynolds LE, Jadeja S, Robinson S, Kostourou V, Hart I, Fruttiger M, Parsons M, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endothelial FAK is required for tumour angiogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:1229. [PMID: 27702771 PMCID: PMC5048370 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201606907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
9
|
Batista S, Maniati E, Reynolds LE, Tavora B, Lees DM, Fernandez I, Elia G, Casanovas O, Lo Celso C, Hagemann T, Hodivala-Dilke K. Haematopoietic focal adhesion kinase deficiency alters haematopoietic homeostasis to drive tumour metastasis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5054. [PMID: 25270220 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death and thus understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this process is critical. Here, our data demonstrate, contrary to established dogma, that loss of haematopoietic-derived focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is sufficient to enhance tumour metastasis. Using both experimental and spontaneous metastasis models, we show that genetic ablation of haematopoietic FAK does not affect primary tumour growth but enhances the incidence of metastasis significantly. At a molecular level, haematopoietic FAK deletion results in an increase in PU-1 levels and decrease in GATA-1 levels causing a shift of hematopoietic homeostasis towards a myeloid commitment. The subsequent increase in circulating granulocyte number, with an increase in serum CXCL12 and granulocyte CXCR4 levels, was required for augmented metastasis in mice lacking haematopoietic FAK. Overall our findings provide a mechanism by which haematopoietic FAK controls cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Batista
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Eleni Maniati
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Delphine M Lees
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - George Elia
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Oriol Casanovas
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming building, Imperial College, London SW72AZ, UK
| | - Thorsten Hagemann
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary, University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tavora B, Batista S, Alexopoulou AN, Kostourou V, Fernandez I, Robinson SD, Lees DM, Serrels B, Hodivala-Dilke K. Generation of point-mutant FAK knockin mice. Genesis 2014; 52:907-15. [PMID: 25242698 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase with signaling functions downstream of integrins and growth factor receptors. In addition to its role in adhesion, migration, and proliferation it also has non-kinase scaffolding functions in the nucleus. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation involves the following: (1) ligand bound growth factors or clustered integrins activate FAK kinase domain; (2) FAK autophosphorylates tyrosine (Y) 397; (3) Src binds pY397 and phosphorylates FAK at various other sites including Y861; (4) downstream signaling of activated FAK elicits changes in cellular behavior. Although many studies have demonstrated roles for the kinase domain, Y397 and Y861 sites, in vitro much less is known about their functions in vivo. Here, we report the generation of a series of FAK-mutant knockin mice where mutant FAK, either kinase dead, non-phosphorylatable mutants Y397F and Y861F, or mutant Y397E-containing a phosphomimetic site that results in a constitutive active Y397, can be expressed in a Cre inducible fashion driven by the ROSA26 promoter. In future studies, intercrossing these mice with FAKflox/flox mice and inducible cre-expressing mice will enable the in vivo study of mutant FAK function in the absence of endogenous FAK in a spatially and temporally regulated fashion within the whole organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Tavora
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, -A CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tavora B, Reynolds LE, Batista S, Demircioglu F, Fernandez I, Lechertier T, Lees DM, Wong PP, Alexopoulou A, Elia G, Clear A, Ledoux A, Hunter J, Perkins N, Gribben JG, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endothelial-cell FAK targeting sensitizes tumours to DNA-damaging therapy. Nature 2014; 514:112-6. [PMID: 25079333 DOI: 10.1038/nature13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a serious limitation of cancer treatment. Until recently, almost all the work done to study this limitation has been restricted to tumour cells. Here we identify a novel molecular mechanism by which endothelial cells regulate chemosensitivity. We establish that specific targeting of focal adhesion kinase (FAK; also known as PTK2) in endothelial cells is sufficient to induce tumour-cell sensitization to DNA-damaging therapies and thus inhibit tumour growth in mice. The clinical relevance of this work is supported by our observations that low blood vessel FAK expression is associated with complete remission in human lymphoma. Our study shows that deletion of FAK in endothelial cells has no apparent effect on blood vessel function per se, but induces increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation within perivascular tumour-cell compartments of doxorubicin- and radiotherapy-treated mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that endothelial-cell FAK is required for DNA-damage-induced NF-κB activation in vivo and in vitro, and the production of cytokines from endothelial cells. Moreover, loss of endothelial-cell FAK reduces DNA-damage-induced cytokine production, thus enhancing chemosensitization of tumour cells to DNA-damaging therapies in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our data identify endothelial-cell FAK as a regulator of tumour chemosensitivity. Furthermore, we anticipate that this proof-of-principle data will be a starting point for the development of new possible strategies to regulate chemosensitization by targeting endothelial-cell FAK specifically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Tavora
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Silvia Batista
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Fevzi Demircioglu
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Tanguy Lechertier
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Delphine M Lees
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Ping-Pui Wong
- 1] Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK [2]
| | - Annika Alexopoulou
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - George Elia
- Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Andrew Clear
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Adeline Ledoux
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Medical School, Newcastle University, Catherine Cookson Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jill Hunter
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Medical School, Newcastle University, Catherine Cookson Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Neil Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences (ICaMB), Medical School, Newcastle University, Catherine Cookson Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John G Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Baker M, Robinson SD, Lechertier T, Barber PR, Tavora B, D'Amico G, Jones DT, Vojnovic B, Hodivala-Dilke K. Use of the mouse aortic ring assay to study angiogenesis. Nat Protoc 2011; 7:89-104. [PMID: 22193302 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2011.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we provide a protocol for quantitative three-dimensional ex vivo mouse aortic ring angiogenesis assays, in which developing microvessels undergo many key features of angiogenesis over a timescale similar to that observed in vivo. The aortic ring assay allows analysis of cellular proliferation, migration, tube formation, microvessel branching, perivascular recruitment and remodeling-all without the need for cellular dissociation-thus providing a more complete picture of angiogenic processes compared with traditional cell-based assays. Our protocol can be applied to aortic rings from embryonic stage E18 through to adulthood and can incorporate genetic manipulation, treatment with growth factors, drugs or siRNA. This robust assay allows assessment of the salient steps in angiogenesis and quantification of the developing microvessels, and it can be used to identify new modulators of angiogenesis. The assay takes 6-14 d to complete, depending on the age of the mice, treatments applied and whether immunostaining is performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Baker
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tavora B, Batista S, Hodivala-Dilke K. Measuring angiogenesis in mice. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 769:351-8. [PMID: 21748687 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-207-6_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. This process is essential during embryonic development, wound healing, and regeneration as well as during several pathological conditions such as cancer. In this chapter, we describe an assay to measure angiogenesis in vivo in mice - the subcutaneous sponge assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Tavora
- Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and The London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Batista SA, Reynolds L, Tavora B, Hodivala-Dilke K. Abstract 517: Deficiency of FAK in the bone marrow compartment enhances tumour metastasis. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The growth of tumours depends on the tumour microenvironment. This involves both resident stromal cells such as endothelial cells and fibroblasts and also bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a downstream effector of integrins and growth factor receptors, both known regulators of the tumour stroma. Thus FAK likely plays an important role in the regulation of the tumour microenvironment.
Here we have generated adult mice RERTnERT/ERT; FAKfl/fl (UbFAKfl/fl) where FAK is deleted ubiquitously after treatment with tamoxifen (UbFAKKO). Our data demonstrate that loss of stromal FAK inhibits tumour growth even when the tumour cells themselves still express FAK. In a parallel study we have identified that endothelial FAK is required for tumour growth and angiogenesis (Tavora et al, under review).
Moreover, we show that loss of FAK in the bone marrow compartment is sufficient to enhance tumour metastasis whilst tending to inhibit primary tumour growth. Taken together our data demonstrate that bone marrow-derived FAK plays a significant but differential role in primary tumour growth and metastasis.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 517. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-517
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia A. Batista
- 1Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Reynolds
- 1Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- 1Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tavora B, Hodivala-dilke K. Abstract 3472: Endothelial FAK is required for tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that plays a fundamental role in integrin and growth factor mediated signalling and is an important player in cell migration and proliferation, processes vital for angiogenesis. However, the role of FAK in adult pathological angiogenesis is unknown. We have generated endothelial-specific tamoxifen-inducible FAK knockout mice by crossing FAK-floxed (FAKfl/fl) mice with the Pdgfb-iCreER mice. Tamoxifen-treatment of Pdgfb-iCreER;FAKfl/fl mice results in FAK deletion in adult endothelial cells (EC) without any adverse effects. Importantly however, endothelial FAK-deletion in adult mice inhibited tumour growth and reduced tumour angiogenesis. Furthermore, in in vivo angiogenic assays FAK-deletion impairs vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced neovascularisation. In addition, in vitro deletion of FAK in ECs resulted in reduced VEGF-stimulated AKT phosphorylation, and correlating reduced cellular proliferation and increased cell death.
Furthermore, using a combination of genetic ablation and inhibition of FAK we are studying a new role of endothelial FAK in the regulation of the vascular barrier function with implications on the metastatic process.
Our data suggest that FAK is required for adult pathological angiogenesis and suggests a possible role of endothelial FAK in the regulation of the vascular barrier function.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3472. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3472
Collapse
|
16
|
Tavora B, Batista S, Reynolds LE, Jadeja S, Robinson S, Kostourou V, Hart I, Fruttiger M, Parsons M, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endothelial FAK is required for tumour angiogenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 2:516-28. [PMID: 21154724 PMCID: PMC3377344 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that plays a fundamental role in integrin and growth factor mediated signalling and is an important player in cell migration and proliferation, processes vital for angiogenesis. However, the role of FAK in adult pathological angiogenesis is unknown. We have generated endothelial-specific tamoxifen-inducible FAK knockout mice by crossing FAK-floxed (FAKfl/fl) mice with the platelet derived growth factor b (Pdgfb)-iCreER mice. Tamoxifen-treatment of Pdgfb-iCreER;FAKfl/fl mice results in FAK deletion in adult endothelial cells (ECs) without any adverse effects. Importantly however, endothelial FAK-deletion in adult mice inhibited tumour growth and reduced tumour angiogenesis. Furthermore, in in vivo angiogenic assays FAK deletion impairs vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced neovascularization. In addition, in vitro deletion of FAK in ECs resulted in reduced VEGF-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and correlating reduced cellular proliferation as well as increased cell death. Our data suggest that FAK is required for adult pathological angiogenesis and validates FAK as a possible target for anti-angiogenic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Tavora
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Centre of Tumour Biology, Institute of Cancer and Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, Barts & The London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine & Dentistry, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
da Silva RG, Tavora B, Robinson SD, Reynolds LE, Szekeres C, Lamar J, Batista S, Kostourou V, Germain MA, Reynolds AR, Jones DT, Watson AR, Jones JL, Harris A, Hart IR, Iruela-Arispe ML, Dipersio CM, Kreidberg JA, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Endothelial alpha3beta1-integrin represses pathological angiogenesis and sustains endothelial-VEGF. Am J Pathol 2010; 177:1534-48. [PMID: 20639457 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Integrin alpha3beta1 is a major receptor for laminin. The expression levels of laminins-8 and -10 in the basement membrane surrounding blood vessels are known to change during tumor angiogenesis. Although some studies have suggested that certain ligands of alpha3beta1 can affect angiogenesis either positively or negatively, either a direct in vivo role for alpha3beta1 in this process or its mechanism of action in endothelial cells during angiogenesis is still unknown. Because the global genetic ablation of alpha3-integrin results in an early lethal phenotype, we have generated conditional-knockout mice where alpha3 is deleted specifically in endothelial cells (ec-alpha3-/-). Here we show that ec-alpha3-/- mice are viable, fertile, and display enhanced tumor growth, elevated tumor angiogenesis, augmented hypoxia-induced retinal angiogenesis, and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated neovascularization ex vivo and in vivo. Furthermore, our data provide a novel method by which an integrin may regulate angiogenesis. We show that alpha3beta1 is a positive regulator of endothelial-VEGF and that, surprisingly, the VEGF produced by endothelial cells can actually repress VEGF-receptor 2 (Flk-1) expression. These data, therefore, identify directly that endothelial alpha3beta1 negatively regulates pathological angiogenesis and implicate an unexpected role for low levels of endothelial-VEGF as an activator of neovascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Graça da Silva
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Barts Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Germain M, De Arcangelis A, Robinson SD, Baker M, Tavora B, D'Amico G, Silva R, Kostourou V, Reynolds LE, Watson A, Jones JL, Georges-Labouesse E, Hodivala-Dilke K. Genetic ablation of the alpha 6-integrin subunit in Tie1Cre mice enhances tumour angiogenesis. J Pathol 2010; 220:370-81. [PMID: 19967723 DOI: 10.1002/path.2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Laminins are expressed highly in blood vessel basement membranes and have been implicated in angiogenesis. alpha6beta1- and alpha6beta4-integrins are major receptors for laminins in endothelial cells, but the precise role of endothelial alpha6-integrin in tumour angiogenesis is not clear. We show that blood vessels in human invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast have decreased expression of the alpha6-integrin-subunit when compared with normal breast tissue. These data suggest that a decrease in alpha6-integrin-subunit expression in endothelial cells is associated with tumour angiogenesis. To test whether the loss of the endothelial alpha6-integrin subunit affects tumour growth and angiogenesis, we generated alpha6fl/fl-Tie1Cre+ mice and showed that endothelial deletion of alpha6-integrin is sufficient to enhance tumour size and tumour angiogenesis in both murine B16F0 melanoma and Lewis cell lung carcinoma. Mechanistically, endothelial alpha6-integrin deficiency elevated significantly VEGF-mediated angiogenesis both in vivo and ex vivo. In particular, alpha6-integrin-deficient endothelial cells displayed increased levels of VEGF-receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and VEGF-mediated downstream ERK1/2 activation. By developing the first endothelial-specific alpha6-knockout mice, we show that the expression of the alpha6-integrin subunit in endothelial cells acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis both in vivo and ex vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchel Germain
- The Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Robinson SD, Reynolds LE, Kostourou V, Reynolds AR, da Silva RG, Tavora B, Baker M, Marshall JF, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Alphav beta3 integrin limits the contribution of neuropilin-1 to vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:33966-81. [PMID: 19837659 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.030700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Both vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) and integrins are major regulators of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Previous work has shown that beta3 integrin can regulate negatively VEGFR2 expression. Here we show that beta3 integrin can regulate negatively VEGF-mediated angiogenesis by limiting the interaction of the co-receptor NRP1 (neuropilin-1) with VEGFR2. In the presence of alphav beta3 integrin, NRP1 contributed minimally to VEGF-induced angiogenic processes in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Conversely, when beta3 integrin expression is absent or low or its function is blocked with RGD-mimetic inhibitors, VEGF-mediated responses became NRP1-dependent. Indeed, combined inhibition of beta3 integrin and NRP1 decreased VEGF-mediated angiogenic responses further than individual inhibition of these receptors. We also show that alphav beta3 integrin can associate with NRP1 in a VEGF-dependent fashion. Our data suggest that beta3 integrin may, in part, negatively regulate VEGF signaling by sequestering NRP1 and preventing it from interacting with VEGFR2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Robinson
- Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Tumour Biology Centre, Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|