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Đokić M, Nekić T, Varenina I, Varga I, Solomun Kolanović B, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Vratarić D, Bilandžić N. Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Milk and Dairy Products in Croatia: A Health Risk Assessment. Foods 2024; 13:1155. [PMID: 38672828 PMCID: PMC11049040 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate contamination levels and the frequency of detection of organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), pyrethroids, carbamates and polychlorinated biphenyls (seven PCB congeners) in a total of 534 samples of cow's, sheep's and goat's milk and dairy products from Croatia. Concentrations above the limit of quantification (LOQ) were measured for fourteen OCPs, nine OPPs, six pyrethroids, one carbamate and PCBs with a total of 172 results, and no concentrations exceeded the maximal residue levels defined by the European Union. The mean concentrations of pesticides and the sum of seven PCBs were determined in the ranges 0.92-17.4 μg/kg and 1.38-2.74 μg/kg. Pesticides were quantified in 27% of samples, and seven PCBs were quantified in 5.23% of samples. Among the three pesticide groups, the highest numbers of quantified results were found for OCPs (12.1-20.8%). The highest frequencies of detection were found for the sum of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its isomers (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene and seven PCBs. The sum of seven PCBs was quantified within the range of 3.3-6.67% of samples per milk type and dairy products. Among the OPPs, the highest frequency of detection was found for chlorpyrifos in cow's milk. Based on the estimated daily intakes, chronic risk characterisation showed no risk for adults or ten-year-old children for the consumption of cow's milk and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Đokić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Tamara Nekić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Marija Sedak
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Bruno Čalopek
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Darija Vratarić
- Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Croatia, Planinska 2a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
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Đokić M, Nekić T, Varenina I, Varga I, Solomun Kolanović B, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Kmetič I, Murati T, Vratarić D, Bilandžić N. Distribution of Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Food of Animal Origin in Croatia. Foods 2024; 13:528. [PMID: 38397505 PMCID: PMC10887917 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants. When entering the food chain, they can represent a public health problem due to their negative effects on health. In this study, concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), pyrethroids, carbamates, and PCBs-a total 73 compounds-were determined in a total of 2268 samples of fat tissues (beef, pork, sheep, goat, poultry, game, horse, rabbit) and processed fat, meat, and processed meat products collected in Croatia during an 8-year period. In fatty tissues, 787 results exceeded the limits of quantification (LOQ): 16 OCPs, eight OPPs, six pyrethroids, one carbamate, and seven PCBs. The most positive results in fat samples were found for OCPs, with a frequency of quantification in the range of 57.5-87.5%. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were quantified in the highest percentages, in the ranges of 5.5-66.7% and 5.4-55.8%. Concentrations above the MRL values were determined for chlorpyrifos in pork fat and for resmethrin in six fat samples and one pâté. In 984 samples of meat and meat products, only 62 results exceeded the LOQ values. The highest frequency of quantification was determined for OCPs (25 samples), of which 40% were DDT isomers (60% DDE). Frequency quantifications of PCBs in fat samples were between 7.23 and 36.7%. An evaluation of the health risk assessment showed that the consumption of fat, meat, and meat products does not pose a threat to consumer health, since all EDI values were well below the respective toxicological reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Đokić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Tamara Nekić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Marija Sedak
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Bruno Čalopek
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
| | - Ivana Kmetič
- Laboratory for Toxicology, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Teuta Murati
- Laboratory for Toxicology, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Darija Vratarić
- Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Croatia, Planinska 2a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Đ.); (T.N.); (I.V.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (M.S.); (B.Č.)
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Varenina I, Bilandžić N, Luburić ĐB, Kolanović BS, Varga I, Sedak M, Đokić M. Determination of quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines in honey using QuEChERS sample preparation and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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Varenina I, Bilandžić N, Luburić ĐB, Kolanović BS, Varga I. High resolution mass spectrometry method for the determination of 13 antibiotic groups in bovine, swine, poultry and fish meat: An effective screening and confirmation analysis approach for routine laboratories. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Božić Luburić Đ, Bilandžić N, Varenina I, Varga I, Solomun Kolanović B, Vratarić D, Radojčić Redovniković I. The analysis of acidic and basic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and muscle samples: a comprehensive analytical approach using UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 39:256-271. [PMID: 34732108 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1994157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In animal husbandry for food production, the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic agents, has seen an increase due to raised awareness of animal welfare issues. Residues of NSAIDs may be present in animal products that are intended for human consumption, and since some may pose a certain risk to human health, there is a need to monitor NSAID residues at low levels via routine and targeted surveillance. In analytical chemistry, NSAIDs are usually differentiated using their acid-base properties. Within this study, a method for simultaneous analysis of 27 NSAIDs, including both groups, in milk and muscle samples in 12.5 min is described. Sample processing consisted of enzymatic hydrolysis and acetonitrile extraction, followed by a clean-up of the extract by SPE, and measurement by UHPLC-MS/MS. The in-house validation study (alternative approach), covering trueness, precision, sensitivity, decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) and matrix effect, was designed and evaluated with the help of validation software to meet the demands of regulatory compliance. The method recovery for milk and muscle matrix was in the range of 98.1% to 106.5% and 98.8% to 102.7%, whereas the CCβ as the parameter for screening analysis, ranged from 0.07 to 46.7 µg/kg and 1.19 to 69.7 µg/kg, and the CCα, as the parameter for confirmatory analysis, from 0.11 to 56.7 µg/kg and 1.12 to 518.6 µg/kg, respectively. The occurrence of NSAID residues in milk and muscle samples was assessed using the developed method within the Croatian National Residue Control Plan, revealing quantifiable residues for diclofenac, ketoprofen, and salicylic acid mostly in milk samples. The most abundant NSAID in analysed samples was salicylic acid, which may be introduced into the food chain and be present in various types of matrices due to its natural occurrence in plants as a phytohormone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Darija Vratarić
- Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Radojčić Redovniković
- Laboratory for Cell Culture Technology and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Lazarus M, Tariba Lovaković B, Orct T, Sekovanić A, Bilandžić N, Đokić M, Solomun Kolanović B, Varenina I, Jurič A, Denžić Lugomer M, Bubalo D. Difference in pesticides, trace metal(loid)s and drug residues between certified organic and conventional honeys from Croatia. Chemosphere 2021; 266:128954. [PMID: 33250227 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quality and safety of food, including honey, is one of the leading priorities regarding residues of anthropogenic chemicals with proven adverse health effects. In total, 61 honey samples of known botanical origin were collected in period 2018-2019 from Croatian registered organic and conventional beekeepers (N = 16 organic and N = 45 conventional honey samples). Eleven trace metal(loid)s (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn; quantitated by ICP-MS), 24 antibiotics (LC-MS/MS, ELISA, microbiological inhibition test), six indicator PCBs (GC-MS/MS) and 121 pesticides (LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS) originating from environment and/or beekeeping practice were measured to assess possible differences in contaminant residues between organic and conventional honeys. All honey samples had contaminant residues below the legal maximum levels and are considered safe for consumers. However, 2/16 organic and 34/45 conventional honeys contained one or two synthetic acaricides (most frequently coumaphos), while other pesticides, antibiotics and PCBs were not quantified. Also, organic honey contained lower levels of coumaphos, amitraz and amitraz metabolite N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl) formamide than conventional honeys, on average. Higher levels of Cr (p = 0.006) were detected in organic compared to conventional chestnut honeys. This study pinpointed beehive disease control treatment as prominent pesticide residue source, which was to some extent reduced in organic honeys. Quantified pesticide and metal(loid) levels were within range or lower than reported in recent literature regarding honey of the same botanical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Lazarus
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ankica Sekovanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Đokić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Ivana Varenina
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Jurič
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C. 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marija Denžić Lugomer
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Ivana Zakmardija Dijankovečkog 10, 48260, Križevci, Croatia.
| | - Dragan Bubalo
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Đokić M, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Luburić ĐB, Varga I, Hruškar M. Dietary exposure of the adult Croatian population to meat, liver and meat products from the Croatian market: Health risk assessment. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Đokić M, Varenina I, Solomun Kolanović B, Božić Luburić Đ, Varga I, Roncarati A. Evaluation of Element Concentrations in Beef and Pork Meat Cuts Available to the Population in the Croatian Capital. Foods 2020; 9:E1861. [PMID: 33322194 PMCID: PMC7763850 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of essential, trace, and toxic elements in beef and pork meat cuts available at markets and retail chains in the Croatian capital. Significant differences in the concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Pb, and Zn were found between bovine cuts (p < 0.01, all) and also between pork cuts (p < 0.01, all). A risk assessment using the estimated intakes based on the lowest and highest mean values of Al, Cr, Ni, and Pb in beef and pork showed low contributions to tolerable toxicological limits. However, consumers whose diets consist of large amounts of beef and pork kidneys may be at risk because the estimated intakes for Cd and Se exceeded the toxicological limits. Consumers of large quantities of beef mixed meat may be at risk due to higher values of estimated As intakes compared to health-based guidance values. Estimation based on the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake values for Cu, Fe, and Zn showed that beef and pork cuts can be considered safe for consumption. A comparison with data from other studies shows that the concentrations of the analyzed elements in beef and pork cuts vary considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Marija Sedak
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Bruno Čalopek
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Maja Đokić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Đurđica Božić Luburić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska c. 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (B.Č.); (M.Đ.); (I.V.); (B.S.K.); (Đ.B.L.); (I.V.)
| | - Alessandra Roncarati
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Viale Circonvallazione 93-95, 62024 Matelica, MC, Italy;
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Kolanović BS, Bilandžić N, Varenina I, Luburić ĐB, Varga I, Cvetnić L, Benić M, Cvetnić Ž, Lugomer MD, Pavliček D, Šušković J, Kos B. Estimation of the Withdrawal Time of Levamisole in Eggs after Oral Administration to Laying Hens. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1627-1634. [PMID: 30198755 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate withdrawal time of levamisole in eggs after oral administration in laying hens at different doses. Sampling of eggs was conducted for 37 days after the end of treatment, and levamisole concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry validated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Estimated validation parameters were as follows: decision limit, 0.54 μg/kg; detection capability, 0.56 μg/kg; limit of detection, 0.04 μg/kg; limit of quantification, 0.15 μg/kg; accuracy (recovery), between 92.9 and 102.3%; precision (relative standard deviation), ≤4.62%; and within-laboratory precision (relative standard deviation), ≤5.19%. Levamisole residue levels were significantly higher in egg yolks than in egg whites. The highest levels of levamisole were detected on day 2 posttreatment in groups receiving 50 mg/kg of body weight (556.2 μg/kg in egg yolks and 166.5 μg/kg in egg whites). Significant elimination occurred within 5 days after the cessation of treatment in all groups, with an elimination half-life of 1.3 days. Levamisole was still detectable on day 30 after the end of treatment in egg whites (0.06 μg/kg) and on day 37 in egg yolks (0.06 μg/kg). The longest withdrawal time for levamisole in eggs (14.9 days) was determined in a group treated with 25 mg of levamisole per kg of body weight for two consecutive days. According to the results, oral treatment of laying hens with levamisole may result in noncompliant egg samples even 14 days after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- 1 Laboratory for Residue Control (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2498 [B.S.K.])
| | - Ivana Varenina
- 1 Laboratory for Residue Control (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2498 [B.S.K.])
| | - Đurđica Božić Luburić
- 1 Laboratory for Residue Control (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2498 [B.S.K.])
| | - Ines Varga
- 1 Laboratory for Residue Control (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2498 [B.S.K.])
| | - Luka Cvetnić
- 2 Laboratory for Mastitis and Raw Milk Quality, and
| | | | - Željko Cvetnić
- 3 Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonoses and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Croatian Veterinary Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Denžić Lugomer
- 4 Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry and Residues, Croatian Veterinary Institute Križevci, 48260 Križevci, Croatia; and
| | - Damir Pavliček
- 4 Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry and Residues, Croatian Veterinary Institute Križevci, 48260 Križevci, Croatia; and
| | - Jagoda Šušković
- 5 Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blaženka Kos
- 5 Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Đokić M, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Luburić ĐB, Varga I, Benić M, Roncarati A. Element contents in commercial fish species from the Croatian market. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bilandžić N, Varenina I, Solomun Kolanović B, Božić Luburić Đ, Varga I, Želježić B, Cvetnić L, Benić M, Tanković S, Cvetnić Ž. Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow, goat and sheep milk during spring and autumn in Croatia during 2016. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1306785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Đurđica Božić Luburić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Blaženka Želježić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Luka Cvetnić
- Laboratory for Mastitis and Raw Milk Quality, Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Miroslav Benić
- Laboratory for Mastitis and Raw Milk Quality, Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Sanin Tanković
- State Veterinary Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and
| | - Željko Cvetnić
- Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonoses and Molecular Diagnostics of Bacterial Diseases, Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Bilandžić N, Tlak Gajger I, Kosanović M, Čalopek B, Sedak M, Solomun Kolanović B, Varenina I, Luburić ĐB, Varga I, Đokić M. Essential and toxic element concentrations in monofloral honeys from southern Croatia. Food Chem 2017; 234:245-253. [PMID: 28551232 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of 24 elements in seven honey types (multifloral, heather, common heather, bearberry, sage, mandarin orange-blossom and honeydew) collected in southern Mediterranean regions of Croatia were determined using ICP-MS. Significant differences were found in the concentrations of Ag, As, Ba, Cu, Co, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Se, Sb, U and Th (p<0.05, all) among honeys. The highest element concentrations were determined in honeydew honeys, with the exception of multifloral (Ca, Cr, Mo, Se), common heather (Mg, Na), bearberry (Ba, Fe, Pb) and sage (Ag) honeys. Among the floral honeys, the highest concentrations were found in multifloral honey (Al, As, Be, Ca, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Th and U), common heather (Co, K, Mg, Na, V), sage (Ag, Cd, Cu), and bearberry (Ba, Fe, Pb, Sb, Zn). The results contribute to the evidence supporting the role of botanical origin on the elemental composition of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Tlak Gajger
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Kosanović
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bruno Čalopek
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Sedak
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Đurđica Božić Luburić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ines Varga
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Đokić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Bilandžić N, Tanković S, Jelušić V, Varenina I, Solomun Kolanović B, Luburić ĐB, Cvetnić Ž. Aflatoxin M1 in raw and UHT cow milk collected in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Čalopek B, Luburić ĐB, Solomun Kolanović B, Varenina I, Đokić M, Kmetič I, Murati T. Lead Concentrations in Raw Cow and Goat Milk Collected in Rural Areas of Croatia from 2010 to 2014. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2016; 96:645-649. [PMID: 26858083 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A total of 249 cow and 33 goat milk samples were collected in rural areas of Croatia during the period 2010-2014. Lead concentrations in milk samples were analyzed by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mean Pb concentrations in milk ranged from (μg/kg): cow 10.8-12.2; goat 9.33-60.0. The highest Pb level of 131 μg/kg in cow milk was measured during 2014. There were no significant differences in Pb levels between cow and goat milk and also in goat milk among the analysed years. However, significant differences were found in cow milk among years. The highest Pb was determined in 2011 (157 μg/kg in goat milk). The calculated estimated weekly intakes of Pb concentrations for cow and goat milk contribute only 1.37 % and 1.84 % to the provisional tolerable weekly intake. Therefore, the consumption of milk from both species should not pose a consumer health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marija Sedak
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bruno Čalopek
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Đurđica Božić Luburić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božica Solomun Kolanović
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Varenina
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Đokić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kmetič
- Laboratory for Toxicology, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Teuta Murati
- Laboratory for Toxicology, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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15
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Varenina I, Bilandžić N, Kolanović BS, Božić Đ, Sedak M, Đokić M, Varga I. Validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of sulfonamides, trimethoprim and dapsone in muscle, egg, milk and honey. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:656-67. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1152569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Bilandžić N, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Božić Đ, Đokić M, Sedak M, Tanković S, Potočnjak D, Cvetnić Ž. Monitoring of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk during four seasons in Croatia. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Bilandžić N, Božić Đ, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Cvetnić L, Cvetnić Ž. Distribution of sulfamonomethoxine and trimethoprim in egg yolk and white. Food Chem 2015; 178:32-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Varenina I, Bilandžić N, Cvetnić L, Kos B, Božić Đ, Solomun Kolanović B, Cvetnić Ž. Deposition and depletion of maduramicin residues in eggs after oral administration to laying hens determined by LC-MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:324-32. [PMID: 25562452 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.1003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The coccidiostat maduramicin has been approved as a feed additive for chickens and turkeys, although it is prohibited for use in laying hens. In the present study, laying hens were divided into three groups and fed for 14 days with medicated feed containing maduramicin, at three different concentrations: 50, 100 and 500 µg kg(-1). Eggs were collected during treatment and for 26 days after the end of feeding with medicated feed. Maduramicin residues were found exclusively in egg yolk, with the highest concentration in egg yolk of 459 µg kg(-1) for the highest dose. The maximum concentration of maduramicin in whole egg was 16.6 µg kg(-1) for the group receiving feed containing the maximum permitted level of maduramicin in feed (50 µg kg(-1)). The half-life of elimination of maduramicin, calculated for post-treatment days 1-10, was 6.5 days. Twelve days after drug administration, the concentration of the maduramicin in egg yolk for Group 3 (fed with 500 µg kg(-1) maduramicin) still exceeded 20 µg kg(-1), while the concentrations for Groups 1 and 2 were 1.2 and 2.7 µg kg(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Varenina
- a Laboratory for Residue Control, Department for Veterinary Public Health , Croatian Veterinary Institute , Zagreb , Croatia
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Bilandžić N, Božić Đ, Đokić M, Sedak M, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Cvetnić Ž. Assessment of aflatoxin M1 contamination in the milk of four dairy species in Croatia. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Bilandžić N, Božić Đ, Đokić M, Sedak M, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Tanković S, Cvetnić Ž. Seasonal effect on aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw and UHT milk from Croatia. Food Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Bilandžić N, Dolenc J, Gačnik KŠ, Varenina I, Kolanović BS. Feed additives diclazuril and nicarbazin in egg and liver samples from Croatian farms. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 2013; 6:90-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2012.727474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Bilandžić N, Đokić M, Sedak M, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Oraić D, Zrnčić S. Determination of copper in food of animal origin and fish in Croatia. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Bilandžić N, Tanković S, Varenina I, Kolanović BS, Smajlović M. Chloramphenicol residues in muscle of rainbow trout following two different dose treatments. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 89:461-466. [PMID: 22752151 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Depletion of chloramphenicol (CAP) in muscle of rainbow trout was evaluated following 4 days of oral administration with two dosages (42 and 84 mg/kg/day). Sampling was conducted during treatment and for 35 days following the end of treatment. Analysis was carried out using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Concentrations observed during treatment were more than 300 μg/kg. A significant elimination occurred within 9 days after the cessation of treatment in both groups. Higher CAP levels were measured in the group treated with higher dose. CAP was not detectable after 13 and 15 after the end of treatment in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Bilandžić N, Sedak M, Ðokić M, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Božić Ð, Simić B, Končurat A, Brstilo M. Lead content in multifloral honey from central Croatia over a three-year period. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2012; 88:985-989. [PMID: 22415644 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Lead concentrations were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry in multifloral honeys collected in central Croatia (Zagreb County) during a three-year period from 2009 to 2011. The mean levels of elements (μg/kg) in honey samples measured were: 90.8 in 2009, 189 in 2010 and 360 in 2011. Significant differences were observed, and Pb levels determined in 2009 were significantly lower than those in 2010 and 2011 (p < 0.05, both). In 2009 there was no concentration found above 300 μg/kg. However, in 2010 and 2011 levels exceeding 300 μg/kg were found in 28.6 % and 25 % of samples. Trace element levels of Pb determined in multifloral honey were generally higher than concentrations obtained from other geographical origins and neighbouring countries. These high concentrations of Pb may be related to the fact that the central region is becoming increasingly urban and the network of motorways is growing. Accordingly, the risk of positioning hives near zones of busy highways and railways is increasing. This underlines that particular attention should be paid to toxic Pb levels, due to their gradual increased during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bilandžić
- Laboratory for Residue Control, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Bilandžić N, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Scortichini G, Annunziata L, Brstilo M, Rudan N. Veterinary drug residues determination in raw milk in Croatia. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bilandžić N, Đokić M, Sedak M, Kolanović BS, Varenina I, Končurat A, Rudan N. Determination of trace elements in Croatian floral honey originating from different regions. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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