1
|
Shaw AR, Vidoni ED, Key MN, Yates BA, Thorpe R. Using Focus Groups to Explore Older Black Men's Perception of Dietary Interventions. Am J Mens Health 2024; 18:15579883241241973. [PMID: 38613210 PMCID: PMC11015773 DOI: 10.1177/15579883241241973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Older Black men are underrepresented in research despite being disproportionately affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors related to AD compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Although dietary interventions have shown promise to reduce modifiable CV risk factors related to AD, Black Americans have lower adherence likely due to lack of cultural considerations. Using a noninterventional convergent parallel mixed-methods approach, this study examined the cultural contexts that inform perceptions of dietary interventions among older Midwestern Black men. All participants completed an online demographic and dietary habit survey prior to focus group discussions. Two focus group discussion sessions were conducted with a total of 10 cognitively normal Black men aged 55 years and older. Survey data were analyzed using a frequency analysis and qualitative data were analyzed using a six-step thematic analysis process. Most men indicated having hypertension (N = 7, 77.8%) and currently not following a dietary eating pattern (N = 8, 88.9%). Emerging themes identified included (1) knowledge of dementia, (2) perceptions of dietary interventions, (3) barriers impacting participation in dietary interventions, and (4) overcoming barriers to engage Black men in dietary interventions. Findings from this study should inform the design of future dietary interventions for AD prevention to enhance participation among older Black men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Shaw
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eric D. Vidoni
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mickeal N. Key
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Brandon A. Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roland Thorpe
- Department of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang S, Perkins AJ, Chi R, Yates BA, Khan SH, Gao S, Boustani M, Khan BA. Risk factors for dementia in older intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:278-287. [PMID: 37589315 PMCID: PMC10845165 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the number of older intensive care unit (ICU) survivors grows, there is an urgent need to identify modifiable risk factors for post-ICU dementia. METHODS We performed a secondary data analysis of 3144 ICU patients ≥ 50 years of age without a history of dementia or severe mental illness who were screened as part of the Pharmacological Management of Delirium (PMD) study. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU. Dementia was identified using International Classification of Diseases Ninth and Tenth revision codes for dementia or prescription of anti-dementia medication. RESULTS Average age (standard deviation) was 65.2 ± 9.5 years; 50.4% were female; and 37.3% were Black. Analyses identified stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.49; 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.52, 4.07], P < 0.001), and depression (adjusted HR 3.03; 95% CI [1.80, 5.10], P < 0.001) as post-ICU risk factors for dementia. DISCUSSION Future studies will need to examine whether interventions targeting post-ICU stroke and depression can lower dementia incidence in ICU survivors. HIGHLIGHTS Risk factors for post-intensive care unit (ICU) dementia were distinct from those of Alzheimer's disease. Cardiovascular risk factors were not associated with dementia in older ICU survivors. Post-ICU stroke was associated with a higher risk of dementia in older ICU survivors. Post-ICU depression was associated with a higher risk of dementia in older ICU survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Wang
- Department of PsychiatryIU Health Neuroscience CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Anthony J. Perkins
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data ScienceIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Rosalyn Chi
- Division of PulmonaryCritical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Brandon A. Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal HealthIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- IU Center of Aging ResearchRegenstrief InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Sikandar H. Khan
- Division of PulmonaryCritical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- IU Center of Aging ResearchRegenstrief InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data ScienceIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Malaz Boustani
- Division of PulmonaryCritical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- IU Center of Aging ResearchRegenstrief InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana University Center of Health Innovation and Implementation ScienceIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Sandra Eskenazi Center for Brain Care InnovationEskenazi HospitalIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics and General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Babar A. Khan
- Division of PulmonaryCritical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- IU Center of Aging ResearchRegenstrief InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana University Center of Health Innovation and Implementation ScienceIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Sandra Eskenazi Center for Brain Care InnovationEskenazi HospitalIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zoughaib WS, Hoffman RL, Yates BA, Moorthi RN, Lim K, Coggan AR. Short-term beetroot juice supplementation improves muscle speed and power but does not reduce blood pressure or oxidative stress in 65-79 y old men and women. Nitric Oxide 2023; 138-139:34-41. [PMID: 37244392 PMCID: PMC10527284 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that acute ingestion of inorganic nitrate (NO3-)-rich beetroot juice (BRJ), a source of nitric oxide (NO) via the NO3- → nitrite (NO2-) → NO pathway, can improve muscle speed and power in older individuals. It is not known, however, whether this effect is maintained or perhaps even enhanced with repeated ingestion, or if tolerance develops as with organic nitrates, e.g., nitroglycerin. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, we therefore studied 16 community-dwelling older (age 71 ± 5 y) individuals after both acute and short-term (i.e., daily for 2 wk) BRJ supplementation. Blood samples were drawn and blood pressure was measured periodically during each ∼3 h experiment, with muscle function determined using isokinetic dynamometry. Acute ingestion of BRJ containing 18.2 ± 6.2 mmol of NO3- increased plasma NO3- and NO2- concentrations 23 ± 11 and 2.7 ± 2.1-fold over placebo, respectively. This was accompanied by 5 ± 11% and 7 ± 13% increases in maximal knee extensor speed (Vmax) and power (Pmax), respectively. After daily supplementation for 2 wk, BRJ ingestion elevated NO3- and NO2- levels 24 ± 12 and 3.3 ± 4.0-fold, respectively, whereas Vmax and Pmax were 7 ± 9% and 9 ± 11% higher than baseline. No changes were observed in blood pressure or in plasma markers of oxidative stress with either acute or short-term NO3- supplementation. We conclude that both acute and short-term dietary NO3- supplementation result in similar improvements in muscle function in older individuals. The magnitudes of these improvements are sufficient to offset the decline resulting from a decade or more of aging and are therefore likely to be clinically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William S Zoughaib
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Richard L Hoffman
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Brandon A Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Ranjani N Moorthi
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Andrew R Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, USA; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davis-Ajami ML, Chang CH, Gupta S, Khan BA, Solid CA, El Sharu H, Boustani M, Yates BA, Simon K. Mortality and Discharge Location of Intensive Care Patients With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia. Am J Crit Care 2023; 32:249-255. [PMID: 37391377 DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2023328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care unit (ICU) utilization has increased among patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD), although outcomes are poor. OBJECTIVES To compare ICU discharge location and subsequent mortality between patients with and patients without ADRD enrolled in Medicare Advantage. METHODS This observational study used Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart Database from years 2016 to 2019 and included adults aged >67 years with continuous Medicare Advantage coverage and a first ICU admission in 2018. Alzheimer disease and related dementia and comorbid conditions were identified from claims. Outcomes included discharge location (home vs other facilities) and mortality (within the same calendar month of discharge and within 12 months after discharge). RESULTS A total of 145 342 adults met inclusion criteria; 10.5% had ADRD and were likely to be older, female, and have more comorbid conditions. Only 37.6% of patients with ADRD were discharged home versus 68.6% of patients who did not have ADRD (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% CI, 0.38-0.41). Both death in the same month as discharge (19.9% vs 10.3%; OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.47-1.62) and death in the 12 months after discharge (50.8% vs 26.2%; OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.88-2.02) were twice as common among patients with ADRD. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ADRD have lower home discharge rates and greater mortality after an ICU stay than patients without ADRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lynn Davis-Ajami
- Mary Lynn Davis-Ajami is chair and professor, Department of Nursing, Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Chiang-Hua Chang
- Chiang-Hua Chang is a consultant for claims-based research, Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Sumedha Gupta
- Sumedha Gupta is an associate professor, Department of Economics, Indiana University and an affiliate scientist, Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Babar Ali Khan
- Babar Ali Khan is a professor of medicine, Floyd and Reba Smith Professor of Respiratory Disease, and a research scientist at Regenstrief Institute, Inc and the Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Craig A Solid
- Craig A. Solid is owner and principal, Solid Research Group, LLC, Saint Paul, Minnesota
| | - Husam El Sharu
- Husam El Sharu is a research intern, Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Malaz Boustani
- Malaz Boustani is the Richard M. Fairbanks Professor of Aging Research, a professor of medicine, and founding director and implementation scientist, Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, and a research scientist, Indiana University Center for Aging Research at Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brandon A Yates
- Brandon A. Yates is a doctoral candidate and predoctoral fellow, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kosali Simon
- Kosali Simon is O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs Distinguished Professor, Herman B Wells Endowed Professor, Paul O'Neill Chair, and associate vice provost for health sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zoughaib WS, Hoffman RL, Yates BA, Moorthi RN, Lim K, Coggan AR. The influence of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on skeletal muscle fatigue and recovery in older women. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15694. [PMID: 37226336 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Older individuals fatigue more rapidly during, and recover more slowly from, dynamic exercise. Women are particularly vulnerable to these deleterious effects of aging, which increases their risk of falling. We have shown that dietary nitrate (NO3 - ), a source of nitric oxide (NO) via the NO3 - → nitrite (NO2 - ) → NO pathway, enhances muscle speed and power in older individuals in the non-fatigued state; however, it is unclear if it reduces fatigability and/or improves recoverability in this population. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, we studied 18 older (age 70 ± 4 years) women who were administered an acute dose of beetroot juice (BRJ) containing either 15.6 ± 3.6 or <0.05 mmol of NO3 - . Blood samples were drawn throughout each ~3 h visit for plasma NO3 - and NO2 - analysis. Peak torque was measured during, and periodically for 10 min after, 50 maximal knee extensions performed at 3.14 rad/s on an isokinetic dynamometer. Ingestion of NO3 - -containing BRJ increased plasma NO3 - and NO2 - concentrations by 21 ± 8 and 4 ± 4 fold, respectively. However, there were no differences in muscle fatigue or recovery. Dietary NO3 - increases plasma NO3 - and NO2 - concentrations but does not reduce fatigability during or enhance recoverability after high intensity exercise in older women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William S Zoughaib
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Richard L Hoffman
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Brandon A Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ranjani N Moorthi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrew R Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yates BA, Brown R, Picard G, Taylor JA. Improved pulmonary function is associated with reduced inflammation after hybrid whole-body exercise training in persons with spinal cord injury. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:353-360. [PMID: 36622954 PMCID: PMC9991963 DOI: 10.1113/ep090785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does 12 weeks of functional electrical stimulation (FES) rowing exercise training lead to suppressed systemic inflammation and an improvement in pulmonary function in persons with sub-acute spinal cord injury (SCI)? What is the main finding and its importance? Twelve weeks of FES rowing exercise improves pulmonary function and the magnitude of improvement is associated with reductions in inflammatory biomarkers. Thus, interventions targeting inflammation may lead to better pulmonary outcomes for person with sub-acute SCI. ABSTRACT The current study was designed to test the hypotheses that (1) reducing systemic inflammation via a 12-week functional electrical stimulation rowing exercise training (FESRT) prescription results in augmented pulmonary function, and (2) the magnitude of improvement in pulmonary function is inversely associated with the magnitude of systemic inflammation suppression in persons with sub-acute (≤2 years) spinal cord injury (SCI). We conducted a retrospective analysis of a randomized controlled trial (NCT#02139436). Twenty-one participants were enrolled (standard of care (SOC; n = 9) or FESRT (n = 12)). The exercise prescription was three sessions/week at 70-85% of peak heart rate. A two-way analysis of covariance and regression analysis was used to assess group differences and associations between pulmonary function, log transformed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRPlog ) and white blood cell count (WBC). Following FESRT, clinically significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ; 0.25 (0.08-0.43) vs. -0.06 (-0.26 to 0.15) litres) and forced vital capacity (0.22 (0.04-0.39) vs. 0.08 (-0.29 to 0.12) litres) were noted and systemic WBC (-1.45 (-2.48 to -0.50) vs. 0.41 (-0.74 to 1.56) μl) levels were suppressed compared to SOC (mean change (95% confidence interval); P < 0.05). Additionally, both ΔhsCRPlog and ΔWBC were predictors of ΔFEV1 (r2 = 0.89 and 0.43, respectively; P < 0.05). Twelve weeks of FESRT improves pulmonary function and reduces WBC in persons with sub-acute SCI. The potency of FESRT to augment pulmonary function may depend on adequate suppression of systemic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A. Yates
- Cardiovascular Research LaboratorySpaulding Rehabilitation HospitalCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal HealthIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Robert Brown
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Unit and Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Glen Picard
- Cardiovascular Research LaboratorySpaulding Rehabilitation HospitalCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - J. Andrew Taylor
- Cardiovascular Research LaboratorySpaulding Rehabilitation HospitalCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zoughaib WS, Hoffman RL, Yates BA, Moorthi RN, Lim K, Coggan AR. The influence of acute dietary nitrate supplementation on skeletal muscle fatigue and recovery in older women. medRxiv 2023:2023.02.15.23285957. [PMID: 36824817 PMCID: PMC9949194 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.23285957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Older individuals fatigue more rapidly during, and recover more slowly from, dynamic exercise. Women are particularly vulnerable to these deleterious effects of aging, which increases their risk of falling. We have shown that dietary nitrate (NO 3 - ), a source of nitric oxide (NO) via the NO 3 - → nitrite (NO 2 - ) → NO pathway, enhances muscle speed and power in older individuals in the non-fatigued state; however, it is unclear if it reduces fatigability and/or improves recoverability in this population. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, we studied 18 older (age 70 ± 4 y) women who were administered an acute dose of beetroot juice (BRJ) containing either 15.6±3.6 or <0.05 mmol of NO 3 - . Blood samples were drawn throughout each ∼3 h visit for plasma NO 3 - and NO 2 - analysis. Peak torque was measured during, and periodically for 10 min after, 50 maximal knee extensions performed at 3.14 rad/s on an isokinetic dynamometer. Ingestion of NO 3 - -containing BRJ increased plasma NO 3 - and NO 2 - concentrations by 21±8 and 4±4 fold, respectively. However, there were no differences in muscle fatigue or recovery. Dietary NO 3 - increases plasma NO 3 - and NO 2 - concentrations but does not reduce fatigability during or enhance recoverability after high intensity exercise in older women.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yates BA, Armstrong LE, Lee EC, Unverzagt FW, Dadzie E, Lopez V, Williamson K, Vingren JL, Orkaby AR. Effectiveness of a Single Prolonged Aerobic Exercise Session on Executive Function Task Performance in Physically Active Adults (21-70 Years of Age). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2802. [PMID: 36833498 PMCID: PMC9957164 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We sought to examine the effectiveness of an acute prolonged exercise session on post-exercise executive function in physically active adults and to assess if age or pre-exercise cognitive performance was predictive of the magnitude of change in executive task performance. Self-registered cyclists were recruited prior to participating in a 161-km mass-participation cycling event. Cyclists were excluded if they had not previously participated in a similar endurance event, were young (<18 y), or were cognitively impaired (Mini CogTM < 3 units). Immediately after completing the exercise session, the time taken to complete Trail Making Test Part A and Part B (TMT A + B) was assessed. A faster time to complete the TMT A + B was observed after exercise (+8.5%; p = 0.0003; n = 62; age range = 21-70 y). The magnitude of change in TMT A + B performance (pre vs. post) was influenced by pre-exercise TMT A + B performance (r2 = 0.23, p < 0.0001), not age (r2 =0.002; p = 0.75). Prolonged exercise had a small-to-moderate effect on post-exercise compared to pre-exercise executive function task performance (Cohen's d = 0.38-0.49). These results support the effectiveness of a single prolonged exercise bout to augment executive function in physically active adults, irrespective of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A. Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Elaine C. Lee
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Frederick W. Unverzagt
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ekow Dadzie
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Virgilio Lopez
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Keith Williamson
- Vinson Health Center, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX 76308, USA
| | - Jakob L. Vingren
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Ariela R. Orkaby
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yates BA, Leszczynska AV, Gavin JP, Hathaway M. The missing link between coffee consumption and AKI – Water. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 7:2548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.07.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
10
|
Yates BA, Coggan AR. Gut Reaction: Habitual Dietary Nitrate Intake as a Modulator of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Function. J Nutr 2021; 151:1049-1050. [PMID: 33760918 PMCID: PMC8112769 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Yates
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew R Coggan
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gallardo EJ, Gray DA, Hoffman RL, Yates BA, Moorthi RN, Coggan AR. Dose-Response Effect of Dietary Nitrate on Muscle Contractility and Blood Pressure in Older Subjects: A Pilot Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:591-598. [PMID: 33301009 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that dietary nitrate, a source of nitric oxide (NO) via the nitrate → nitrite → NO enterosalivary pathway, can improve muscle contractility in healthy older men and women. Nitrate ingestion has also been shown to reduce blood pressure in some, but not all, studies of older individuals. However, the optimal dose for eliciting these beneficial effects is unknown. A pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was therefore performed to determine the effects of ingesting 3.3 mL/kg of concentrated beetroot juice containing 0, 200, or 400 µmol/kg of nitrate in 9 healthy older subjects (mean age 70 ± 1 years). Maximal knee extensor power (Pmax) and speed (Vmax) were measured ~2.5 hours after nitrate ingestion using isokinetic dynamometry. Blood pressure was monitored periodically throughout each study. Pmax (in W/kg) was higher (p < .05) after the lower dose (3.9 ± 0.4) compared to the placebo (3.7 ± 0.4) or higher dose (3.7 ± 0.4). Vmax (in rad/s) also tended to be higher (p = .08) after the lower dose (11.9 ± 0.7) compared to the placebo (10.8 ± 0.8) or higher dose (11.2 ± 0.8). Eight out of 9 subjects achieved a higher Pmax and Vmax after the lower versus the higher dose. These dose-related changes in muscle contractility generally paralleled changes in breath NO levels. No significant changes were found in systolic, diastolic, or mean arterial blood pressure. A lower dose of nitrate increases muscle speed and power in healthy older individuals, but these improvements are lost at a higher dose. Blood pressure, on the other hand, is not reduced even with a higher dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar J Gallardo
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Derrick A Gray
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Richard L Hoffman
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Brandon A Yates
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Ranjani N Moorthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| | - Andrew R Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kercher VM, Kercher K, Bennion T, Yates BA, Feito Y, Alexander C, Amaral PC, Soares W, Li YM, Han J, Liu Y, Wang R, Huang HY, Gao BH, Batrakoulis A, Chávez FG, Haro JL, Zavalza ARP, Rodríguez LEA, Veiga OL, Valcarce-Torrente M, De la Cámara MÁ. Fitness Trends From Around the Globe. ACSM's Health and Fitness Journal 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Yates BA, Ellis LA, Muñoz CX, Armstrong LE. Diagnostic accuracy of urinary indices to detect mild dehydration in young men following acute riboflavin, Vitamin C or beetroot supplementation. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 37:129-133. [PMID: 32359734 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals of all ages are encouraged to monitor their hydration status daily to prevent clinically severe fluid imbalances such as hyponatremia or dehydration. However, acute oral nutritional supplementation may alter urinary hydration assessments and potentially increase the likelihood of inappropriate clinical decisions or diagnosis. This investigation sought to examine the influence of three common over-the-counter nutritional supplements (beetroot, riboflavin, and Vitamin C) on urinary hydration assessments in physically active young men after a 2% exercise-induced dehydration. DESIGN Eight males (Mean ± SD; age: 22 ± 3 yr; body mass index: 27 ± 5.0) consumed either a standard meal with supplementation (intervention) or a standard meal without supplementation (control). Participants performed a variety of aerobic or resistance exercises until reaching ≥2% body mass loss in a counter-balanced, double-blinded design. Following exercise participation, urine samples were collected for an 8 h observational period during which food consumption was replicated. Urine samples were analyzed for urine color, specific gravity, volume, and osmolality. Maintenance of ~2% body mass loss (2.6 ± 0.5%; range: 1.7-4.0%) was confirmed following the 8 h observational period. RESULTS Statistically significant (p < 0.05) changes were noted in urine color following Vitamin C supplementation compared to control; however, the difference was not clinically meaningful. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that urine color, specific gravity, and osmolality maintain clinical utility to detect moderate levels of dehydration in physically active men consuming commercially available doses of beetroot, riboflavin, or Vitamin C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Yates
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Lindsay A Ellis
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Colleen X Muñoz
- Department of Health Sciences and Nursing, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Langer HT, Mossakowski AA, Baar K, Alcazar J, Martin-Rincon M, Alegre LM, Ara I, Calbet JAL, Hinkley JM, Coen PM, Irving BA, Allerton TD, Nair S, Lima RM, Rey-López JP, Scott D, Daly RM, Ebeling PR, Hayes A, Tessier AJ, Chevalier S, Yates BA, Brown LR, Storer TW, Westcott WL, Nifli AP, Musci RV, Konopka AR, Hamilton KL, Hepple RT. Commentaries on Viewpoint: Rejuvenation of the term sarcopenia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:257-262. [PMID: 30694711 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00816.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henning T Langer
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis
| | - Agata A Mossakowski
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davi
| | - Julian Alcazar
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha and CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES; CB16/10/00477), Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha and CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES; CB16/10/00477), Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha and CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES; CB16/10/00477), Spain
| | | | - J Mathew Hinkley
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, Florida
| | - Brian A Irving
- Department of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | | | - Ricardo M Lima
- Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário, Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Educação Física, Brasília – Distrito Federal – Brazil
| | - Juan Pablo Rey-López
- Prevention Research Collaboration. School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia,Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne-Julie Tessier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montreal, QC, Canada,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montreal, QC, Canada,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brandon A Yates
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - LeAndra R Brown
- Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Thomas W Storer
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli
- Biotechnology, Technological Research Center of Thessaly and Larissa Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Larissa, Greece
| | - Robert V Musci
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Adam R Konopka
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, Myology Institute, and Institute of Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Yates
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,HSS Sports Safety Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Churchill TW, Krishnan S, Weisskopf M, A Yates B, Speizer FE, Kim JH, Nadler LE, Pascual-Leone A, Zafonte R, Baggish AL. Weight Gain and Health Affliction Among Former National Football League Players. Am J Med 2018; 131:1491-1498. [PMID: 30102909 PMCID: PMC6279549 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional American-style football players are among the largest athletes across contemporary sporting disciplines. Weight gain during football participation is common, but the health implications of this early-life weight gain remain incompletely understood. We sought to define weight trajectories of former professional American-style football athletes and to establish their relationship with 5 common health afflictions (cardiovascular disease, cardiometabolic disease, neurocognitive impairment, sleep apnea, and chronic pain). METHODS A health survey was distributed to former National Football League (NFL) players. Former players reported body weight at 4 time points (high school, college, professional, and time of survey response) as well as maximal retirement weight. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between weight gain during football participation and health affliction. RESULTS In this cohort of former NFL players (n = 3,506, age 53 ± 14 years), mean weight increase from high school to time of survey response was 40 ± 36 pounds, with the majority of weight gain occurring during periods of football participation (high-school-to-college and college-to-professional). The prevalence of health afflictions ranged from 9% (cardiovascular disease) to 28% (chronic pain). Weight gain during football participation was independently associated with risk of multiple later-life health afflictions in models adjusted for football exposure, lifestyle variables, and post-career weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Early-life weight gain among American-style football athletes is common and is associated with risk of adverse health profiles during later-life. These findings establish football-associated weight gain as a key predictor of post-career health and raise important questions about the central role of targeted weight gain in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Churchill
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | | | | | - Brandon A Yates
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Frank E Speizer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan H Kim
- Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Lee E Nadler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Ross Zafonte
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Aaron L Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yates BA, Orkaby AR, Dadzie E, Lee EC, Armstrong LE. The Acute Effect Of Endurance Exercise On An Executive Function Task In Middle-age And Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000535357.12090.b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Yates BA, Ellis LA, Butts CL, McDermott BP, Williamson KH, Armstrong LE. Factors Associated with Pre-Event Hydration Status and Drinking Behavior of Middle-Aged Cyclists. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:335-340. [PMID: 29484346 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0927-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Water is an essential nutrient for thermoregulation, metabolism, cognition, and overall physiological homeostatic function. However, aging adults display a blunted thirst mechanism and subsequently have an increased risk for dehydration or hyponatremia. Fluid consumption behaviors are modifiable and the importance of practicing adequate drinking behaviors for aging adults is amplified during exercise. Identification of aging adult's hydration beliefs and how they attain hydration advice could provide valuable information into ways to promote better drinking habits to reduce fluid imbalances. Thus, this investigation evaluated the knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of middle-aged cyclists (MA) that were associated with hydration status and drinking behavior, before and during a 164-km mass-participation event (ambient temperature, 33.3±2.8ºC(mean±SD)). DESIGN This cross-sectional field study retrospectively grouped participants by their second urine specific gravity (Usg) measurement of the event morning prior to a mass participation cycling event. Usg was assessed via handheld refractometer. SETTING The Hotter N' Hell Hundred 164-km cycling event in Wichita Falls, Texas during the month of August. PARTICIPANTS 36 male recreational cyclists (age, 53±9 y(mean±SD)). MEASUREMENTS Participants were grouped according their urine specific gravity as either slightly hyperhydrated (SH; n=12, Usg≤1.014), euhydrated (EUH; n=12, Usg, 1.015-1.020), or slightly dehydrated (SD; n=12, Usg≥1.021). Exercise histories and questionnaires were recorded 24-48 h prior to the cycling event. RESULTS Regardless of pre-event hydration status, all groups experienced a similar body mass loss during the 164-km event and finished with statistically similar exercise times; also, drinking behavior within all groups was influenced by multiple factors. The primary factors associated with MA cyclist drinking behavior were trial and error/personal history and thirst; further, the majority of cyclists (≥65%) in SH, EUH, and SD believed that dehydration affects performance negatively. The least important factors included rehydration recommendations from scientific and sports medicine organizations, plus information from sports drink manufacturers. CONCLUSION Considering the complexity of the present findings and the physiological changes that accompany aging such as delayed thirst perception, we recommend that MA cyclists formulate an individualized drinking plan that is based on observations during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Yates
- Brandon A. Yates, M.S., New England GRECC, Boston VA Healthcare System, 150 S., Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02130, USA E-mail: ; Phone: 857-364-2785; Fax: 857-364-2784
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ellis L, Yates BA, McKenzie AL, Muñoz CX, Casa DJ, Armstrong LE. Oral Nutritional Supplement Effects on Urine Color. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485771.43872.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Andrew SP, Beidleman BA, Fulco CS, Yates BA, Muza SR. Two days of staging at moderate altitude results in similar time‐trial performance impairments at 4300m compared to direct ascent and stay for two days at 4300m. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.715.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. Andrew
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUS Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA
| | - Beth A. Beidleman
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUS Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA
| | - Charles S. Fulco
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUS Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA
| | - Brandon A. Yates
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUS Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA
| | - Stephen R. Muza
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionUS Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA
| |
Collapse
|