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Thomson C, Boss K, Calhoun A, Fridrich C, Gardinier KM, Hall EC, Jendza K, Kirman L, Labbé-Giguere N, Laumen K, Qian M, Sanyal S, Shultz MD, Snajdrova R, Tan K, Wang KY, Yang F, Gao F, Hong T, Dale E, Kuzmiski B, Ortuno D, Palacios DS. Transaminases Provide Key Chiral Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Selective M1/M4 Agonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1692-1699. [PMID: 38116445 PMCID: PMC10726473 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a chiral route toward the synthesis of muscarinic M4 agonists that was enabled by the biocatalytic synthesis of the key spirocyclic diamine building blocks 10 and 12. Using these bifunctional compounds we were able to optimize a synthetic sequence toward a collection of advanced intermediates for further elaboration. These advanced intermediates were then used as starting points for early medicinal chemistry and the identification of selective M1/M4 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher
G. Thomson
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kelly Boss
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amy Calhoun
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cary Fridrich
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kevin M. Gardinier
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Edward C. Hall
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keith Jendza
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Louise Kirman
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nancy Labbé-Giguere
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kurt Laumen
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Ming Qian
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sanjit Sanyal
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael D. Shultz
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Radka Snajdrova
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland
| | - Kian Tan
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kate Yaping Wang
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Suzhou, Novartis
Technical Development, Co., Ltd., Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, P. R. China
| | - Tao Hong
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Suzhou, Novartis
Technical Development, Co., Ltd., Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, P. R. China
| | - Elena Dale
- Neuroscience
Disease Area, Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Brent Kuzmiski
- Neuroscience
Disease Area, Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Danny Ortuno
- Neuroscience
Disease Area, Novartis Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel S. Palacios
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Biomedical
Research, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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Retson L, Tiwari N, Vaughn J, Bernes S, Adelson PD, Mansfield K, Libertini S, Kuzmiski B, Alecu I, Gabriel R, Mangum R. Epithelioid neoplasm of the spinal cord in a child with spinal muscular atrophy treated with onasemnogene abeparvovec. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2991-2998. [PMID: 37598295 PMCID: PMC10556221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive disease resulting in motor neuron degeneration and progressive life-limiting motor deficits when untreated. Onasemnogene abeparvovec is an adeno-associated virus serotype 9-based gene therapy that improves survival, motor function, and motor milestone achievement in symptomatic and presymptomatic patients. Although the adeno-associated virus genome is maintained as an episome, theoretical risk of tumorigenicity persists should genomic insertion occur. We present the case of a 16-month-old male with spinal muscular atrophy who was diagnosed with an epithelioid neoplasm of the spinal cord approximately 14 months after receiving onasemnogene abeparvovec. In situ hybridization analysis detected an onasemnogene abeparvovec nucleic acid signal broadly distributed in many but not all tumor cells. Integration site analysis on patient formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples failed to detect high-confidence integration sites of onasemnogene abeparvovec. The finding was considered inconclusive because of limited remaining tissue/DNA input. The improved life expectancy resulting from innovative spinal muscular atrophy therapies, including onasemnogene abeparvovec, has created an opportunity to analyze the long-term adverse events and durability of these therapies as well as identify potential disease associations that were previously unrecognized because of the premature death of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Retson
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Nishant Tiwari
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Jennifer Vaughn
- Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Saunder Bernes
- Department of Neurology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - P David Adelson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Keith Mansfield
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Silvana Libertini
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brent Kuzmiski
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Iulian Alecu
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ross Mangum
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA; Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
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