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Kakarla R, Karuturi P, Siakabinga Q, Kasi Viswanath M, Dumala N, Guntupalli C, Nalluri BN, Venkateswarlu K, Prasanna VS, Gutti G, Yadagiri G, Gujjari L. Current understanding and future directions of cruciferous vegetables and their phytochemicals to combat neurological diseases. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1381-1399. [PMID: 38217095 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders incidences are increasing drastically due to complex pathophysiology, and the nonavailability of disease-modifying agents. Several attempts have been made to identify new potential chemicals to combat these neurological abnormalities. At present, complete abolishment of neurological diseases is not attainable except for symptomatic relief. However, dietary recommendations to help brain development or improvement have increased over the years. In recent times, cruciferous vegetables and their phytochemicals have been identified from preclinical and clinical investigations as potential neuroprotective agents. The present review highlights the beneficial effects and molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals such as indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane, sulforaphane, kaempferol, selenium, lutein, zeaxanthin, and vitamins of cruciferous vegetables against neurological diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, Huntington's disease, autism spectra disorders, anxiety, depression, and pain. Most of these cruciferous phytochemicals protect the brain by eliciting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Regular dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables may benefit the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases. The present review suggests that there is a lacuna in identifying the clinical efficacy of these phytochemicals. Therefore, high-quality future studies should firmly establish the efficacy of the above-mentioned cruciferous phytochemicals in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Kakarla
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | - Praditha Karuturi
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | - Queen Siakabinga
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | | | - Naresh Dumala
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | | | - Buchi N Nalluri
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, India
| | - Kojja Venkateswarlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Varanasi, India
| | - Vani Sai Prasanna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Gopichand Gutti
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lohitha Gujjari
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Ramakrishna K, Nalla LV, Naresh D, Venkateswarlu K, Viswanadh MK, Nalluri BN, Chakravarthy G, Duguluri S, Singh P, Rai SN, Kumar A, Singh V, Singh SK. WNT-β Catenin Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspective. Diseases 2023; 11:89. [PMID: 37489441 PMCID: PMC10366863 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis from the embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. The canonical pathway of WβC signaling is essential for neurogenesis, cell proliferation, and neurogenesis, whereas the noncanonical pathway (WNT/Ca2+ and WNT/PCP) is responsible for cell polarity, calcium maintenance, and cell migration. Abnormal regulation of WβC signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Hence, the alteration of WβC signaling is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. In the present review, we have used the bibliographical information from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to address the current prospects of WβC signaling role in the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Ramakrishna
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Lakshmi Vineela Nalla
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Dumala Naresh
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Kojja Venkateswarlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Matte Kasi Viswanadh
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Buchi N Nalluri
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Guntupalli Chakravarthy
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Sajusha Duguluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathi Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600073, India
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna 800007, India
| | - Veer Singh
- ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna 800007, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Guntupalli C, Malothu N, Areti A, Nalluri BN, Sivadasu P, Alla N. Separation of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Three Rutaceous Plants by Capillary Electrophoresis and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods. Pharmacognosy Res 2023. [DOI: 10.5530/pres.15.2.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Kotlowska H, Krotka J, Szymanska M, Kubiak B, Sznitowska M, Nalluri BN. The use of novel tools for the assessment of powders and granules flow properties and for the analysis of minitablets compression process. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:547-556. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1734020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kotlowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Krotka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Student Chapter of ISPE, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marta Szymanska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Student Chapter of ISPE, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Sznitowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Buchi N. Nalluri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, India
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Abstract
The present investigation was aimed at preparation and evaluation of mouth dissolving films (MDFs) of an anti-histamine drug, Chlorpheniramine Maleate (CPM) to enhance convenience and compliance to the elderly and paediatric patients. The MDFs were prepared using wet film applicator and evaluated for physicochemical and physicomechanical properties. MDFs were prepared with 0.6% and 0.8% w/w CPM. The MDFs with 0.8% w/w drug load showed re-crystallisation within 10 days, while the MDFs with 0.6% w/w CPM load were transparent with no re-crystallization. The effect of film formers, film thickness, film modifiers, saliva stimulating and soothing agents on the physicomechanical properties and CPM release from MDFs were evaluated. MDFs casted at 30mil thickness containing poly ethylene glycol (PEG-400) as plasticizer showed superior CPM release rates along with good physicomechanical properties. MDFs with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) E3 as film former gave superior CPM release rate when compared to E5 and E15 formulations. MDFs with poly vinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVPK30) gave superior drug release properties when compared to MDFs without PVP K30. The MDFs with citric acid (CA) and xylitol gave superior CPM release than the other MDFs. Release kinetics data reveals diffusion as drug release mechanism.
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Dua K, Awasthi R, Madan JR, Chellappan DK, Nalluri BN, Gupta G, Bebawy M, Hansbro PM. Novel drug delivery approaches in treating pulmonary fibrosis. Panminerva Med 2018; 60:238-240. [DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.18.03428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Uppuluri C, Shaik AS, Han T, Nayak A, Nair KJ, Whiteside BR, Nalluri BN, Das DB. Effect of Microneedle Type on Transdermal Permeation of Rizatriptan. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:1495-1506. [PMID: 28078629 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of salient microneedle (MN) geometry parameters like length, density, shape and type on transdermal permeation of rizatriptan (RIZ). Studies were carried out using two types of MN devices viz. AdminPatch® arrays (ADM) (0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 mm lengths) and laboratory-fabricated polymeric MNs (PMs) of 0.6 mm length. In the case of the PMs, arrays were applied three times at different places within a 1.77-cm2 skin area (PM-3) to maintain the MN density closer to 0.6 mm ADM. Histological studies revealed that PM, owing to their geometry/design, formed wider and deeper microconduits when compared to ADM of similar length. Approximately 4.9- and 4.2-fold increases in the RIZ steady-state flux values were observed with 1.5 mm ADM and PM-3 applications when compared to the passive studies. A good correlation between different dimensionless parameters like the amount of RIZ permeated (C t /C s), thickness (h/L) and surface area (S a/L 2) of the skin was observed with scaling analyses. Numerical simulations provided further information regarding the distribution of RIZ in MN-treated skin after application of different MNs. Overall, the study suggests that MN application enhances the RIZ transdermal permeation and the geometrical parameters of MNs play an important role in the degree enhancement.
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Medhi P, Olatunji O, Nayak A, Uppuluri CT, Olsson RT, Nalluri BN, Das DB. Lidocaine-loaded fish scale-nanocellulose biopolymer composite microneedles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:1488-1494. [PMID: 28353171 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) technology has emerged as an effective drug delivery system, and it has tremendous potential as a patient friendly substitute for conventional methods for transdermal drug delivery (TDD). In this paper, we report on the preparation of lidocaine-loaded biodegradable microneedles, which are manufactured from fish scale-derived collagen. Lidocaine, a common tissue numbing anaesthetic, is loaded in these microneedles with an aim of delivering the drug with controlled skin permeation. Evaluation of lidocaine permeation in porcine skin has been successfully performed using Franz diffusion cell (FDC) which has shown that the drug permeation rate increases from 2.5 to 7.5% w/w after 36 h and pseudo steady state profile is observed from 5.0 to 10.0% w/w lidocaine-loaded microneedle. Swelling experiments have suggested that the microneedles have negligible swellability which implies that the patch would stick to the tissue when inserted. The experiments on MN dissolution have depicted that the lidocaine loaded in the patch is lower than the theoretical loading, which is expected as there can be losses of the drug during initial process manufacture.
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Uppuluri CT, Devineni J, Han T, Nayak A, Nair KJ, Whiteside BR, Das DB, Nalluri BN. Microneedle-assisted transdermal delivery of Zolmitriptan: effect of microneedle geometry, in vitro permeation experiments, scaling analyses and numerical simulations. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1292-1303. [PMID: 28375038 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1313862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of salient microneedle (MN) geometry parameters like length, density, shape and type on transdermal permeation enhancement of Zolmitriptan (ZMT). METHODS Two types of MN devices viz. AdminPatch® arrays (ADM) (0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 mm lengths) and laboratory fabricated polymeric MNs (PM) of 0.6 mm length were employed. In the case of PMs, arrays were applied thrice at different places within a 1.77 cm2 skin area (PM-3) to maintain the MN density closer to 0.6 mm ADM. Scaling analyses was done using dimensionless parameters like concentration of ZMT (Ct/Cs), thickness (h/L) and surface area of the skin (Sa/L2). RESULTS Micro-injection molding technique was employed to fabricate PM. Histological studies revealed that the PM, owing to their geometry/design, formed wider and deeper microconduits when compared to ADM of similar length. Approximately 3.17- and 3.65-fold increase in ZMT flux values were observed with 1.5 mm ADM and PM-3 applications when compared to the passive studies. Good correlations were observed between different dimensionless parameters with scaling analyses. Numerical simulations, using MATLAB and COMSOL software, based on experimental data and histological images provided information regarding the ZMT skin distribution after MN application. DISCUSSION Both from experimental studies and simulations, it was inferred that PM were more effective in enhancing the transdermal delivery of ZMT when compared to ADM. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that MN application enhances the ZMT transdermal permeation and the geometrical parameters of MNs play an important role in the degree of such enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Teja Uppuluri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddahrtha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , India
| | - Jyothirmayee Devineni
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddahrtha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , India
| | - Tao Han
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Atul Nayak
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Kartik J Nair
- c Department of Engineering and Informatics , University of Bradford , Bradford , UK
| | - Benjamin R Whiteside
- c Department of Engineering and Informatics , University of Bradford , Bradford , UK
| | - Diganta B Das
- b Department of Chemical Engineering , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - Buchi N Nalluri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddahrtha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , India
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Leeladurga V, Teja UC, Sultana SKA, Sudeep K, Anusha VSS, Han T, Nalluri BN, Das DB. Application of Microneedle Arrays for Enhancement of Transdermal Permeation of Insulin: In Vitro Experiments, Scaling Analyses and Numerical Simulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:915-22. [PMID: 26729523 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to study the effect of donor concentration and microneedle (MN) length on permeation of insulin and further evaluating the data using scaling analyses and numerical simulations. Histological evaluation of skin sections was carried to evaluate the skin disruption and depth of penetration by MNs. Scaling analyses were done using dimensionless parameters like concentration of drug (C t/C s), thickness (h/L) and surface area of the skin (S a/L (2)). Simulation studies were carried out using MATLAB and COMSOL software to simulate the insulin permeation using histological sections of MN-treated skin and experimental parameters like passive diffusion coefficient. A 1.6-fold increase in transdermal flux and 1.9-fold decrease in lag time values were observed with 1.5 mm MN when compared with passive studies. Good correlation (R (2) > 0.99) was observed between different parameters using scaling analyses. Also, the in vitro and simulated permeations profiles were found to be similar (f 2 ≥ 50). Insulin permeation significantly increased with increase in donor concentration and MN length (p < 0.05). The developed scaling correlations and numerical simulations were found to be accurate and would help researchers to predict the permeation of insulin with new dimensions of MN in optimizing insulin delivery. Overall, it can be inferred that the application of MNs can significantly enhance insulin permeation and may be an efficient alternative for injectable insulin therapy in humans.
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Sunandana B, Sushmitha K, Nalluri BN. STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC-PDA METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF TERBUTALINE SULPHATE AND DOXOFYLLINE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORMS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.789797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Sunandana
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , AP , India
| | - K. Sushmitha
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , AP , India
| | - Buchi N. Nalluri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , AP , India
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Neeha T, Bhargavi P, Jyothi AA, Devalarao G, Nalluri BN. Stability-indicating Method for the Estimation of Riluzole in Tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 75:372-6. [PMID: 24082357 PMCID: PMC3783759 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.117425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A stability-indicating reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography method with photodiode array detector was developed and validated for estimation of riluzole in the bulk and tablet dosage forms. Riluzole was subjected to stress conditions (light, heat, humidity, acid/base hydrolysis and oxidation) and the stressed samples were analyzed by developed method. Degradation was observed in acidic, basic, oxidative and thermal conditions. The degradation products were well resolved from riluzole peak. An inertsil-ods column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μ) with a mobile phase comprising 0.02% v/v formic acid:acetonitrile(35:65 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min was used and eluents were monitored at 260 nm. The retention time of riluzole was 5.7 min. Complete validation for the method was carried out according to Internation Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Linearity was achieved in the range 10-50 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient (r) 0.9998. The percent assay was 100.92 and mean percentage recovery was found to be 101.10.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Neeha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, K. V. S. R. Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pinnamaneni Polyclinic Road, Siddhartha Nagar, Benz Circle, Vijayawada-520 010, India
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Srividya P, Tejaswini M, Sravanthi D, Nalluri BN. SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF LEVOCETIRIZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE, AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE, AND MONTELUKAST SODIUM BY RP-HPLC - PDA METHOD. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.725701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Srividya
- a KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - M. Tejaswini
- a KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - D. Sravanthi
- a KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Buchi N. Nalluri
- a KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Vijayawada , Andhra Pradesh , India
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Nalluri BN, Milligan C, Chen J, Crooks PA, Stinchcomb AL. In Vitro Release Studies on Matrix Type Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems of Naltrexone and Its Acetyl Prodrug. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 31:871-7. [PMID: 16305998 DOI: 10.1080/03639040500271944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Matrix type acrylic adhesive transdermal patches of naltrexone (NTX) and its 3-O-acetyl ester prodrug were prepared and evaluated for drug content, thickness, and in vitro release characteristics. Among the four DURO-TAK adhesive polymers (87-2516, 87-2054, 87-2501, and 87-2582) tested, 87-2516 proved to be the most suitable and compatible polymer for the transdermal delivery of NTX from NTX and prodrug patches. A linear relationship was observed for release flux (F) and cumulative amount (Mt) values versus 1%, 2%, and 3% drug loading at equimolar levels. The release of NTX from the patches showed a good correlation (R2>0.99) for Mt vs. square root t profiles, indicating that a Higuchian matrix diffusion mechanism of drug release from the transdermal adhesive patches was obtained. Overall, the amounts of NTX released from the prodrug patches were significantly higher than from the NTX patches, at all three drug loading levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buchi N Nalluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA
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Nalluri BN, Chowdary KPR, Murthy KVR, Becket G, Crooks PA. Tablet formulation studies on nimesulide and meloxicam-cyclodextrin binary systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8:Article 36. [PMID: 17622114 DOI: 10.1208/pt0802036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to develop tablet formulations of nimesulide-beta-cyclodextrin (NI-beta-CD) and meloxicam-gamma-cyclodextrin (ME-gamma-CD) binary systems. In the case of nimesulide, 3 types of binary systems--physical mixtures, kneaded systems, and coevaporated systems--were studied. In the case of meloxicam, 2 types of binary systems--physical mixtures and kneaded systems--were investigated. Both drug-CD binary systems were prepared at 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratio (1:1M and 1:2M) and used in formulation studies. The tablet formulations containing drug-CD binary systems prepared by the wet granulation and direct compression methods showed superior dissolution properties when compared with the formulations of the corresponding pure drug formulations. Overall, the dissolution properties of tablet formulations prepared by the direct compression method were superior to those of tablets prepared by the wet granulation method. Selected tablet formulations showed good stability with regard to drug content, disintegration time, hardness, and in vitro dissolution properties over 6 months at 40 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C and 75% relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buchi N Nalluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
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Paudel KS, Nalluri BN, Hammell DC, Valiveti S, Kiptoo P, Hamad MO, Crooks PA, Stinchcomb AL. Transdermal Delivery of Naltrexone and its Active Metabolite 6-β-Naltrexol in Human Skin in Vitro and Guinea Pigs in Vivo. J Pharm Sci 2005; 94:1965-75. [PMID: 16052561 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the transdermal delivery of 6-beta-naltrexol (NTXOL), the active metabolite of naltrexone (NTX), across human skin and guinea pig skin in vitro and in hairless guinea pigs in vivo. NTXOL may be responsible for much of NTX's pharmacologic activity. In vitro diffusion studies on NTXOL were compared with similar studies on NTX using a formulation of propylene glycol and buffer in a flow-through diffusion cell system. In vivo guinea pig studies were carried out involving topical application of both drugs in patches containing identical formulations. The in vitro flux of NTX was about 2.3- and 5.6-fold higher than for NTXOL across guinea pig skin and human skin, respectively. NTXOL lag times were longer than NTX in both skin types. In vivo studies in guinea pigs showed that the steady-state plasma level of NTX was twofold greater than NTXOL, which correlated well with in vitro data. The results of the present study indicated that substantial levels of NTX and NTXOL could be delivered via the transdermal route, although the plasma levels of NTXOL were significantly less than NTX. Further transdermal formulation development will be investigated for permeation enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana S Paudel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA
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Valiveti S, Nalluri BN, Hammell DC, Paudel KS, Stinchcomb AL. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in guinea pig plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 810:259-67. [PMID: 15380723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2004] [Accepted: 08/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for the determination of naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol in guinea pig plasma has been developed and validated using naloxone as an internal standard. A single step precipitation-extraction technique was carried out to extract the plasma samples using acetonitrile:ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v). The chromatographic separation was performed on a C(18) column using a mobile phase consisting of 35:65 (v/v) acetonitrile:2 mM ammonium acetate with 0.01 mM ammonium citrate at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The analyte was detected after positive electrospray ionization using selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The mean recoveries for naltrexone, naltrexol, and naloxone were 91.7, 89.3, and 99.0%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for naltrexone and 6beta-naltrexol was 1.25 ng/mL, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.75 ng/mL. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in order to assess the drug disposition of naltrexone in guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Valiveti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0082, USA
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Nalluri BN, Chowdary KPR, Murthy KVR, Hayman AR, Becket G. Physicochemical characterization and dissolution properties of nimesulide-cyclodextrin binary systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2003; 4:E2. [PMID: 12916912 PMCID: PMC2750298 DOI: 10.1208/pt040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work is physicochemical characterization of nimesulide-cyclodextrin binary systems both in solution and solid state and to improve the dissolution properties of nimesulide (N) via complexation with alpha-, beta, and gamma-cyclodextrins (CDs). Detection of inclusion complexation was done in solution by means of phase solubility analysis, mass spectrometry, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopic studies, and in solid state using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder x-ray diffractometry (X-RD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and in vitro dissolution studies. Phase solubility, mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR studies in solution revealed 1:1 M complexation of N with all CDs. A true inclusion of N with beta-CD at 1:2 M in solid state was confirmed by DSC, powder X-RD and SEM studies. Dissolution properties of N-CD binary systems were superior when compared to pure N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buchi N Nalluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.
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Chowdary KP, Nalluri BN. Nimesulide and beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: physicochemical characterization and dissolution rate studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2000; 26:1217-20. [PMID: 11068697 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-100100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Complex formation of nimesulide (N) and beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) in aqueous solution and in solid state and the possibility of improving the solubility and dissolution rate of nimesulide via complexation with beta CD were investigated. Phase solubility studies indicated the formation of a 1:1 complex in solution. The value of the apparent stability constant Kc was 158.98 M-1. Solid inclusion complexes of N and beta CD were prepared by kneading and coevaporation methods. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies indicated the formation of solid inclusion complexes of N-beta CD at a 1:2 molar ratio in both the methods. Solid complexes of N-beta D (1:1 and 1:2 M) exhibited higher rates of dissolution and dissolution efficiency values than the corresponding physical mixtures and pure drug. Higher dissolution rates were observed with kneaded complexes than with those prepared by coevaporation. Increases of 25.6- and 38.7-fold in the dissolution rate were observed, respectively, with N-beta CD 1:1 and 1:2 kneaded complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Chowdary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
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