1
|
Saraiva MMS, Silva NMV, Ferreira VA, Moreira Filho ALB, Givisiez PEN, Freitas Neto OC, Berchieri Júnior A, Gebreyes WA, Oliveira CJB. Residual concentrations of antimicrobial growth promoters in poultry litter favour plasmid conjugation among Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:831-838. [PMID: 35138674 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Considering that plasmid conjugation is a major driver for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, this study aimed to investigate the effects of residual concentrations of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry litter on the frequencies of IncFII-FIB plasmid conjugation among Escherichia coli organisms. A 2x5 factorial trial was performed in vitro, using two types of litter materials (sugarcane bagasse and wood shavings) and five treatments of litter: non-treated (CON), herbal alkaloid sanguinarine (SANG), and AGPs monensin (MON), lincomycin (LCM), and virginiamycin (VIR). E. coli H2332 and E. coli J62 were used as donor and recipient strains, respectively.The presence of residues of monensin, lincomycin and virginiamycin increased the frequency of plasmid conjugation among E. coli in both types of litter materials. On the contrary, sanguinarine significantly reduced the frequency of conjugation among E. coli in sugarcane bagasse litter. The conjugation frequencies were significantly higher in wood shavings compared to sugarcane bagasse only in the presence of AGPs. Considering that the presence of AGPs in the litter can increase the conjugation of IncFII-FIB plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance genes, the real impact of this phenomenon on the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in the poultry production chain must be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M S Saraiva
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Laboratory of Ornithopathology, São Paulo State University (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - N M V Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil.,Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano - Campus Petrolina
| | - V A Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Laboratory of Ornithopathology, São Paulo State University (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - A L B Moreira Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Human, Social and Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCHSA/UFPB), Bananeiras, PB, Brazil
| | - P E N Givisiez
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - O C Freitas Neto
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A Berchieri Júnior
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Laboratory of Ornithopathology, São Paulo State University (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - W A Gebreyes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Global One health initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C J B Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil.,Global One health initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Santos SCL, Saraiva MMS, Moreira Filho ALB, Silva NMV, De Leon CMG, Pascoal LAF, Givisiez PEN, Gebreyes WA, Oliveira CJB. Swine as reservoirs of zoonotic borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 79:101697. [PMID: 34530296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin resistance mediated by the mecA gene in Staphylococcus aureus, also known as "true MRSA", is typically associated with high oxacillin MIC values (≥8 mg/L). Because non-mecA-mediated oxacillin resistant S. aureus phenotypes can also cause hard-to-treat diseases in humans, their misidentification as methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains (MSSA) can compromise the efficiency of the antimicrobial therapy. These strains have been refereed as Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant S. aureus (BORSA) but their characterization and role in clinical microbiology have been neglected. Considering the increasing importance of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus ST398 (LA-MRSA) as an emerging zoonotic pathogen worldwide, this study aimed to report the genomic context of oxacillin resistance in porcine S. aureus ST398 strains. S. aureus isolates were recovered from asymptomatic pigs from three herds. Oxacillin MIC values ranged from 4 to 32 mg/L. MALDI-TOF-confirmed isolates were screened for mecA and mecC by PCR and genotyped by means of PFGE and Rep-PCR. Seven isolates were whole genome sequenced. None of the isolates harbored the mecA gene or its variants. Although all seven sequenced isolates belonged to one sequence type (ST398), two different spa types (t571 and t1471) were identified. All isolates harbored conserved blaZ gene operon and no mutations on genes encoding for penicillin-binding-proteins were detected. Genes conferring resistance against other drugs such as aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin (MLS), tetracycline and trimethoprim were also detected. Isolates also harbored virulence genes encoding for adhesins (icaA; icaB; icaC; icaD; icaR), toxins (hlgA; hlgB; hlgC; luk-PV) and protease (aur). Pigs can serve as reservoirs of non-mecA-mediated oxacillin-resistant ST398 strains potentially pathogenic to humans. Considering that mecA has been the main target to screen methicillin-resistant staphylococci, the occurrence of BORSA phenotypes is probably underestimated in livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C L Santos
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - M M S Saraiva
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - A L B Moreira Filho
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural, Social and Human Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rua João Pessoa s/n, 58220-000, Bananeiras, PB, Brazil
| | - N M V Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - C M G De Leon
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - L A F Pascoal
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural, Social and Human Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rua João Pessoa s/n, 58220-000, Bananeiras, PB, Brazil
| | - P E N Givisiez
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - W A Gebreyes
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University (OSU), 43210, Columbus, OH, USA; Global One Health Initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C J B Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rod. PB079 Km12, s/n, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil; Global One Health Initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rolim FRL, Oliveira CJB, de Freitas Neto OC, Dos Santos KMO, Guerra GCB, Rodrigues RV, de Assis POA, Araújo DFDS, de Carvalho VAG, Lemos MLP, da Silva NMV, Soares JKB, Garcia HEM, de Souza EL, Souza FDAL, de Barros MEG, de Oliveira MEG, Queiroga RCRE. Microbiological, immunological, and histological changes in the gut of Salmonella Enteritidis-challenged rats fed goat cheese containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:179-197. [PMID: 33131813 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cheeses are able to serve as suitable matrices for supplying probiotics to consumers, enabling appropriate conditions for bacteria to survive gastric transit and reach the gut, where they are assumed to promote beneficial processes. The present study aimed to evaluate the microbiological, immunological, and histological changes in the gut of Salmonella Enteritidis-challenged rats fed goat cheese supplemented with the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107. Thirty male albino Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 5 experimental groups with 6 animals each: negative (NC) and positive (PtC) control groups, control goat cheese (CCh), goat cheese added with L. rhamnosus EM1107 (LrCh), and L. rhamnosus EM1107 only (EM1107). All animals, except NC group were challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis (109 cfu in 1 mL of saline through oral gavage). Microbial composition was assessed with high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing by means of Illumina MiSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) from the animal cecum tissue was determined by real-time PCR and interleukins (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IFN-γ) by means of ELISA. Myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels were determined biochemically. The administration of the L. rhamnosus EM1107 probiotic strain, either as a pure culture or added to a cheese matrix, was able to reduce Salmonella colonization in the intestinal lumen and lessen tissue damage compared with rats from PtC group. In addition, the use of cheese for the probiotic strain delivery (LrCh) was associated with a marked shift in the gut microbiota composition toward the increase of beneficial organisms such as Blautia and Lactobacillus and a reduction in NF-κB expression. These findings support our hypothesis that cheeses might be explored as functional matrices for the efficacious delivery of probiotic strains to consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F R L Rolim
- Post-Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - C J B Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58397-000, Areia, Brazil; Global One Health initiative (GOHi), The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - O C de Freitas Neto
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - K M O Dos Santos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), 23020-470, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G C B Guerra
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59064-741, Natal, Brazil
| | - R V Rodrigues
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58175-000, Cuité, Brazil
| | - P O A de Assis
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - D F de S Araújo
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59200-000, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - V A G de Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - M L P Lemos
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58397-000, Areia, Brazil
| | - N M V da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, 58397-000, Areia, Brazil
| | - J K B Soares
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58175-000, Cuité, Brazil
| | - H E M Garcia
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - E L de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - F de A L Souza
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Brazil
| | - M E G de Barros
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Brazil
| | - M E G de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - R C R E Queiroga
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moreira Filho ALB, Ferket PR, Malheiros RD, Oliveira CJB, Aristimunha PC, Wilsmann DE, Givisiez PEN. Enrichment of the amnion with threonine in chicken embryos affects the small intestine development, ileal gene expression and performance of broilers between 1 and 21 days of age. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1363-1370. [PMID: 30325446 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of in ovo feeding with threonine (Thr) on intestinal morphology, ileal gene expression and performance of broiler chicken between 1 and 21 d of age (d) were assessed. On day 17.5 of incubation, fertile eggs were randomly allotted to 5 treatments of Thr injection in the amniotic fluid (0; 1.75; 3.5; 5.25; 7%, corresponding to 17.5; 35; 52.5 and 70 mg Thr/mL). After hatch, chicks were given a commercial corn-soybean diet up to 21 d. Daily feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), and food conversion ratio (FCR) were measured from 1 to 7, 14, and 21 d of age. The ileal gene expression of mucin (MUC2), peptide transporter (PepT1), and aminopeptidase enzyme (APN) were evaluated on day of hatch and at 21 d, as well as intestinal morphometric traits. In ovo feeding with threonine significantly increased final weight (FI) and weight gain (WG) and decreased FCR in the period from 1 to 21 d. Threonine levels affected beneficially the villus height, vilo: crypt ratio and villus area on day of hatch and at 21 d. At hatch, all Thr levels increased the expression of MUC2 and PepT1 compared to the control group. APN expression also increased, but for the lowest and the highest threonine levels (1.75 and 7%). At 21 d, there was no effect of threonine on the expression of MUC2, PepT1, and APN. In conclusion, in ovo threonine feeding beneficially affected the morphological and functional development of the intestinal mucosa, which ensured improved performance of chicks at hatch and at 21 d.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L B Moreira Filho
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, 58397-000, Brazil
| | - P R Ferket
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7608, USA
| | - R D Malheiros
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7608, USA
| | - C J B Oliveira
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, 58397-000, Brazil
| | - P C Aristimunha
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - D E Wilsmann
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - P E N Givisiez
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, 58397-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Oliveira CJB, Tiao N, de Sousa FGC, de Moura JFP, Santos Filho L, Gebreyes WA. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Brazilian Dairy Farms and Identification of Novel Sequence Types. Zoonoses Public Health 2015; 63:97-105. [PMID: 26178302 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic diversity and anti-microbial resistance among staphylococci of dairy herds that originated from Paraiba State, north-eastern Brazil, a region where such studies are rare. Milk samples (n = 552) were collected from 15 dairy farms. Isolates were evaluated for anti-microbial susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Confirmation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was performed using multiplex PCR targeting mecA and nuc genes in addition to phenotypic assay based on PBP-2a latex agglutination. Clonal relatedness of isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) genotyping. Staphylococci were detected in 269 (49%) of the samples. Among these, 65 (24%) were S. aureus. The remaining 204 isolates were either coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 188; 70%) or coagulase positive other than S. aureus (n = 16; 6%). Staphylococci were cultured in seven (35%) of the 20 hand swab samples, from which five isolates were S. aureus. The isolates were most commonly resistant against penicillin (43%), ampicillin (38%) and oxacillin (27%). The gene mecA was detected in 21 S. aureus from milk and in one isolate from a milker's hand. None of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin. PFGE findings showed high clonal diversity among the isolates. Based on MLST, we identified a total of 11 different sequence types (STs 1, 5, 6, 83, 97, 126, 1583, 1622, 1623, 1624 and 1625) with four novel STs (ST1622-ST1625). The findings show that MRSA is prevalent in milk from semi-extensive dairy cows in north-eastern Brazil, and further investigation on its extent in various types of milk production systems and the farm-to-table continuum is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J B Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB, Brazil.,Veterinary Public Health and Biotechnology Global Consortium (VPH-Biotec), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Tiao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - F G C de Sousa
- Department of Animal Science, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - J F P de Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, PB, Brazil
| | - L Santos Filho
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - W A Gebreyes
- Veterinary Public Health and Biotechnology Global Consortium (VPH-Biotec), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Farias LFP, Oliveira CJB, Medardus JJ, Molla BZ, Wolfe BA, Gebreyes WA. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Salmonella enterica in Captive Wildlife and Exotic Animal Species in Ohio, USA. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62:438-44. [PMID: 25388917 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, phenotypic and genotypic relatedness of Salmonella enterica recovered from captive wildlife host species and in the environment in Ohio, USA. A total of 319 samples including faecal (n = 225), feed (n = 38) and environmental (n = 56) were collected from 32 different wild and exotic animal species in captivity and their environment in Ohio. Salmonellae were isolated using conventional culture methods and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Salmonella isolates were serotyped, and genotyping was performed using the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Salmonella was detected in 56 of 225 (24.9%) faecal samples; six of 56 (10.7%) environmental samples and six of 38 (15.8%) feed samples. Salmonella was more commonly isolated in faecal samples from giraffes (78.2%; 36/46), cranes (75%; 3/4) and raccoons (75%; 3/4). Salmonella enterica serotypes of known public health significance including S. Typhimurium (64.3%), S. Newport (32.1%) and S. Heidelberg (5.3%) were identified. While the majority of the Salmonella isolates were pan-susceptible (88.2%; 60 of 68), multidrug-resistant strains including penta-resistant type, AmStTeKmGm (8.8%; six of 68) were detected. Genotypic diversity was found among S. Typhimurium isolates. The identification of clonally related Salmonella isolates from environment and faeces suggests that indirect transmission of Salmonella among hosts via environmental contamination is an important concern to workers, visitors and other wildlife. Results of this study show the diversity of Salmonella serovars and public health implications of human exposure from wildlife reservoirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F P Farias
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Brazil
| | - C J B Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Brazil.,Veterinary Public Health and Biotechnology Global Consortium (VPH-Biotec), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J J Medardus
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B Z Molla
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Brazil.,Veterinary Public Health and Biotechnology Global Consortium (VPH-Biotec), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B A Wolfe
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W A Gebreyes
- Veterinary Public Health and Biotechnology Global Consortium (VPH-Biotec), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Santos EG, Costa FGP, Silva JHV, Martins TDD, Figueiredo-Lima DF, Macari M, Oliveira CJB, Givisiez PEN. Protective effect of mannan oligosaccharides against early colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in chicks is improved by higher dietary threonine levels. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114:1158-65. [PMID: 23279100 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) and threonine effects on performance, small intestine morphology and Salmonella spp. counts in Salmonella Enteritidis-challenged birds. METHODS AND RESULTS One-day-old chicks (1d) were distributed into five treatments: nonchallenged animals fed basal diet (RB-0), animals fed basal diet and infected with Salmonella Enteritidis (RB-I), animals fed high level of threonine and infected (HT-I), birds fed basal diet with MOS and infected (MOS-I), birds fed high level of threonine and MOS and infected (HT+MOS-I). Birds were inoculated at 2d with Salmonella Enteritidis, except RB-0 birds. Chicks fed higher dietary threonine and MOS showed performance similar to RB-0 and intestinal morphology recovery at 8 dpi. Salmonella counts and the number of Salmonella-positive animals were lower in HT+MOS-I compared with other challenged groups. CONCLUSION Mannan oligosaccharides and threonine act synergistically, resulting in improved intestinal environment and recovery after Salmonella inoculation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Nutritional approaches may be useful to prevent Salmonella infection in the first week and putative carcass contamination at slaughter. This is the first report on the possible synergistic effect of mannan oligosaccharides and threonine, and further studies should be performed including performance, microbiota evaluation, composition of intestinal mucins and immune assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E G Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Areia, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pereira RAG, Oliveira CJB, Medeiros AN, Costa RG, Bomfim MAD, Queiroga RCRE. Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of milk from goats supplemented with castor or licuri oil. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:456-62. [PMID: 20105517 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of castor and licuri palm oils supplemented to milking goats on the physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics of milk. A double Latin square experimental design (5x5) using 10 confined crossbred Moxotó-Alpine goats was performed according to the following treatments: nonsupplemented (control), 3% castor oil, 5% castor oil, 3% licuri oil, and 5% licuri oil. Oils in each treatment were supplemented in the dry matter. Castor oil supplementation reduced the fat content and increased the lactose and density of milk. Considering the sensory analysis, a lower acceptability was observed for milk from goats supplemented with castor oil. On the other hand, licuri oil supplementation led to higher acceptability scores for flavor and odor of goat milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A G Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia-PB 58397-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nathues H, Oliveira CJB, Wurm M, Grosse Beilage E, Givisiez PEN. Simultaneous Detection of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Brachyspira pilosicoli and Lawsonia intracellularis in Porcine Faeces and Tissue Samples by Multiplex-PCR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 54:532-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
Oliveira CJB, Carvalho LFOS, Garcia TB. Experimental airborne transmission of Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Typhimurium in weaned pigs. Epidemiol Infect 2006; 134:199-209. [PMID: 16409668 PMCID: PMC2870360 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268805004668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis of airborne transmission of Salmonella Agona (Trial I) and Salmonella Typhimurium (Trial II) in weaned pigs. The trials were performed using stainless-steel/glass isolation cabinets connected by air ducts to permit an unidirectional airflow from cabinet 1 (two control pigs) to cabinet 3 (two sentinel pigs), passing through cabinet 2 (two inoculated pigs). Air samples, pooled faecal samples from the floor and rectal swabs were collected daily and assessed by culture and PCR. A fumigation chamber and rubber gloves coupled to the cabinets allowed sampling without opening the system. Trials I and II lasted 15 and 19 days respectively. The recovery of S. Agona and S. Typhimurium and detection of seroconversion in sentinel pigs indicate that airborne Salmonella transmission in weaned pigs over short distances is possible. Further studies on the role of aerosols in the epidemiology of Salmonella in intensive pig production should be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J B Oliveira
- Departamento de Patologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brasil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- L F O S Carvalho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14 884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Oliveira CJB, Carvalho LFOS, Domingues FJ, Menezes CCP, Fernandes SA, Tavechio AT. Dunging gutters filled with fresh water in finishing barns had no effect on the prevalence of Salmonella enterica on Brazilian swine farms. Prev Vet Med 2002; 55:173-8. [PMID: 12383653 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the importance of dunging gutters filled with water in finishing barns for the prevalence of pigs shedding Salmonella enterica. Some finishing barns in Brazil are provided with a dunging-gutter system which consists of a continuous water flow at the back of solid-floored adjacent pens. Because there is transfer of faecal material between adjacent pens by water in this system and the faecal-oral route of transmission is so important for enteric pathogens, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of this kind of dunging-gutter system in finishing barns affects the prevalence of slaughter-age pigs shedding salmonella organisms in their faeces. The cross-sectional study was conducted on six farms each having barns with and barns without a dunging-gutter system. Breeding, management, nutritional and seasonal factors were similar in both barns on each farm. The two systems did not differ in prevalence of pigs shedding salmonella organisms. Five S. enterica serotypes were isolated: S. Agona, S. Javiana, S. Rissen, S. Sandiego and S. Senftenberg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J B Oliveira
- Departamento de Patologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Unesp campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14 884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|