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van den Boogaard ML, Thijssen PE, Aytekin C, Licciardi F, Kıykım AA, Spossito L, Dalm VASH, Driessen GJ, Kersseboom R, de Vries F, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Ikinciogullari A, Dogu F, Oleastro M, Bailardo E, Daxinger L, Nain E, Baris S, van Tol MJD, Weemaes C, van der Maarel SM. Expanding the mutation spectrum in ICF syndrome: Evidence for a gender bias in ICF2. Clin Genet 2017; 92:380-387. [PMID: 28128455 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a rare, genetically heterogeneous, autosomal recessive disorder. Patients suffer from recurrent infections caused by reduced levels or absence of serum immunoglobulins. Genetically, 4 subtypes of ICF syndrome have been identified to date: ICF1 (DNMT3B mutations), ICF2 (ZBTB24 mutations), ICF3 (CDCA7 mutations), and ICF4 (HELLS mutations). AIM To study the mutation spectrum in ICF syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic studies were performed in peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA from suspected ICF patients and family members. RESULTS We describe 7 ICF1 patients and 6 novel missense mutations in DNMT3B, affecting highly conserved residues in the catalytic domain. We also describe 5 new ICF2 patients, one of them carrying a homozygous deletion of the complete ZBTB24 locus. In a meta-analysis of all published ICF cases, we observed a gender bias in ICF2 with 79% male patients. DISCUSSION The biallelic deletion of ZBTB24 provides strong support for the hypothesis that most ICF2 patients suffer from a ZBTB24 loss of function mechanism and confirms that complete absence of ZBTB24 is compatible with human life. This is in contrast to the observed early embryonic lethality in mice lacking functional Zbtb24. The observed gender bias seems to be restricted to ICF2 as it is not observed in the ICF1 cohort. CONCLUSION Our study expands the mutation spectrum in ICF syndrome and supports that DNMT3B and ZBTB24 are the most common disease genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L van den Boogaard
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P E Thijssen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C Aytekin
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Research and Educational Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - F Licciardi
- Department of Paediatrics II, Regina Margherita Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A A Kıykım
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - L Spossito
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hospital "J.P Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V A S H Dalm
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G J Driessen
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Juliana Children's Hospital, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - R Kersseboom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Medical service, Stichting Zuidwester, Middelharnis, The Netherlands
| | - F de Vries
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M M van Ostaijen-Ten Dam
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Ikinciogullari
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - F Dogu
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Oleastro
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hospital "J.P Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Bailardo
- Department of Genetics, Hospital "J.P. Garrahan", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Daxinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E Nain
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Baris
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M J D van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C Weemaes
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S M van der Maarel
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Schieving JH, de Vries M, van Vugt JMG, Weemaes C, van Deuren M, Nicolai J, Wevers RA, Willemsen MA. Alpha-fetoprotein, a fascinating protein and biomarker in neurology. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:243-8. [PMID: 24120489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is present in fetal serum in concentrations up to 5,000,000 μg/l. After birth, AFP gene expression is turned down with a subsequent fall of the serum concentrations of this albumin-like protein to 'adult values' of circa 0.5-15 μg/l from the age of 2 years onwards. Irrespective of its assumed important functions, individuals with AFP deficiency appear fully healthy. The other way around, the presence of AFP in the circulation after the first years of life doesn't seem to harm, since individuals with 'hereditary persistence of AFP' are also without clinical abnormalities. During pregnancy, AFP (in maternal serum) has long been recognized as a marker for congenital anomalies of the fetus. Equally well known is AFP as biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and some other malignancies. There are at least four neurodegenerative disorders, all inherited as autosomal recessive traits and characterized by the presence of cerebellar ataxia, abnormal ocular movements, and neuropathy, for which an elevated concentration of serum AFP is an important diagnostic biomarker. The availability of a reliable biomarker is not only important during screening or diagnostic processes, but is also relevant for objective follow-up during (future) therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Schieving
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - M de Vries
- Department of Pediatrics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J M G van Vugt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C Weemaes
- Department of Pediatrics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M van Deuren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Nicolai
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M A Willemsen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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3
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Abstract
Serum and salivary concentrations of immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) and IgA2 were studied in 105 Icelandic children aged 0-12 years. Serum concentrations of both IgA1 and IgA2 increased slightly (P < 0.001) during childhood. The salivary IgA1/IgA2 ratio tended to decrease during the same period; this trend is less apparent when omitting the youngest children. The salivary IgA1 and IgA2 output could be high, even in children with low levels of serum IgA. Only polymeric IgA was found in whole saliva. Interestingly, in serum, most IgA1 and IgA2 were polymeric during infancy. The proportion of polymeric IgA decreased, when the concentration of IgA increased. The polymeric form of IgA might provide the infant with better protection against invading microorganisms by activation of the innate immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Weemaes
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Broeks A, van 't Veer LJ, Ottenheim C, Hiel JAP, Kleijer WJ, Weemaes C. [From gene to disease; ataxia telangiectasia]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2003; 147:386-9. [PMID: 12661456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by cerebellar ataxia, telangiectasia, immune defects, and a predisposition to malignancy. Chromosomal breakage is a feature. AT cells are abnormally sensitive to cell kill by ionising radiation and abnormally resistant to inhibition of DNA synthesis by ionising radiation. The responsible gene, 'ataxia telangiectasia mutated' (ATM) plays a crucial role in a signal transduction pathway, regulating the cell cycle, and in preventing damaged DNA from being reproduced. This rare genetic disorder manifests itself during childhood. The illness is progressive and most individuals die in their second or third decade of life due to infections or cancer. AT is difficult to diagnose due to its rarity and clinical heterogeneity. Both a physical examination and several laboratory tests are necessary for establishing its proper diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Broeks
- Afd. Experimentele Therapie, Het Nederlands Kanker Instituut/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam.
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Wijmenga C, Hansen RS, Gimelli G, Björck EJ, Davies EG, Valentine D, Belohradsky BH, van Dongen JJ, Smeets DF, van den Heuvel LP, Luyten JA, Strengman E, Weemaes C, Pearson PL. Genetic variation in ICF syndrome: evidence for genetic heterogeneity. Hum Mutat 2000; 16:509-17. [PMID: 11102980 DOI: 10.1002/1098-1004(200012)16:6<509::aid-humu8>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ICF syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive immunoglobulin deficiency, sometimes combined with defective cellular immunity. Other features that are frequently observed in ICF syndrome patients include facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, and recurrent infections. The most diagnostic feature of ICF syndrome is the branching of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 due to pericentromeric instability. Positional candidate cloning recently discovered the de novo DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) as the responsible gene by identifying seven different mutations in nine ICF patients. DNMT3B specifically methylates repeat sequences adjacent to the centromeres of chromosome 1, 9, and 16. Our panel of 14 ICF patients was subjected to mutation analysis in the DNMT3B gene. Mutations in DNMT3B were discovered in only nine of our 14 ICF patients. Moreover, two ICF patients from consanguineous families who did not show autozygosity (i.e. homozygosity by descent) for the DNMT3B locus did not reveal DNMT3B mutations, suggesting genetic heterogeneity for this disease. Mutation analysis revealed 11 different mutations, including seven novel ones: eight different missense mutations, two different nonsense mutations, and a splice-site mutation leading to the insertion of three aa's. The missense mutations occurred in or near the catalytic domain of DNMT3B protein, indicating a possible interference with the normal functioning of the enzyme. However, none of the ICF patients was homozygous for a nonsense allele, suggesting that absence of this enzyme is not compatible with life. Compound heterozygosity for a missense and a nonsense mutation did not seem to correlate with a more severe phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wijmenga
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ludikhuyze L, Ooms V, Weemaes C, Hendrickx M. Kinetic study of the irreversible thermal and pressure inactivation of myrosinase from broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Cv. italica). J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:1794-1800. [PMID: 10552454 DOI: 10.1021/jf980964y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Thermal and pressure inactivation of myrosinase from broccoli was kinetically investigated. Thermal inactivation proceeded in the temperature range 30-60 degrees C. These results indicate that myrosinase is rather thermolabile, as compared to other food quality related enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, pectinmethylesterase, and peroxidase. In addition, a consecutive step model was shown to be efficient in modeling the inactivation curves. Two possible inactivation mechanisms corresponding to the consecutive step model were postulated. Pressure inactivation at 20 degrees C occurred at pressures between 200 and 450 MPa. In addition to its thermal sensitivity, the enzyme likewise is rather pressure sensitive as compared to the above-mentioned food quality related enzymes. By analogy with thermal inactivation, a consecutive step model could adequately describe pressure inactivation curves. At 35 degrees C, pressure inactivation was studied in the range between 0. 1 and 450 MPa. Application of low pressure (<350 MPa) resulted in retardation of thermal inactivation, indicating an antagonistic or protective effect of low pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ludikhuyze
- Department of Food and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Mulder B, Weemaes C, Nijhuis JG, Galama J. [Vertical HIV-I-transmission. Risk and prevention in pregnancy]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1999; 143:434-6. [PMID: 10221118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Matsuura K, Balmukhanov T, Tauchi H, Weemaes C, Smeets D, Chrzanowska K, Endou S, Matsuura S, Komatsu K. Radiation induction of p53 in cells from Nijmegen breakage syndrome is defective but not similar to ataxia-telangiectasia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 242:602-7. [PMID: 9464263 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
p53-mediated signal transduction after exposure to ionizing radiation was examined in cells from patients with Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), an autosomal recessive disease characterized by microcephaly, immunodeficiency, predisposition to malignancy, and a high sensitivity to ionizing radiation. NBS cells accumulated p53 protein in a dose-dependent fashion, with a peak level 2 hrs after irradiation with 5 Gy. However, the maximal level of p53 protein in NBS cells was constantly lower than in normal cells. Moreover, this attenuation of p53 induction was confirmed by decreased levels of p21WAF1 protein, which is transcriptionally regulated by p53 protein. This defective induction of p53 protein in NBS is similar to that in ataxia-telangiectasia (AT), although the induced levels of p53 protein in NBS appeared to be the intermediate between normal cells and AT cells. This moderate p53 induction in NBS cells is consistent with the relatively mild radiation sensitivity and the abnormal cell cycle regulation post-irradiation, as present in NBS. Furthermore, all NBS cell lines used here exhibited time courses of p53 induction similar to normal cells, which is in contrast with p53 induction in AT cells, where the maximum induction shows a delay of approximately 2 hrs compared with normal cells. These evidences suggest a different function of each gene product in an upstream p53 response to radiation-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsuura
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Japan
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11
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Ludikhuyze L, Van den Broeck I, Weemaes C, Hendrickx M, Tobback P. Thermal and pressure‐temperature denaturation kinetics ofbacillus subtilisα‐amylase: A study based on gel electrophoresis. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/08905439709549935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Matsuura S, Weemaes C, Smeets D, Takami H, Kondo N, Sakamoto S, Yano N, Nakamura A, Tauchi H, Endo S, Oshimura M, Komatsu K. Genetic mapping using microcell-mediated chromosome transfer suggests a locus for Nijmegen breakage syndrome at chromosome 8q21-24. Am J Hum Genet 1997; 60:1487-94. [PMID: 9199571 PMCID: PMC1716114 DOI: 10.1086/515461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by microcephaly, short stature, immunodeficiency, and a high incidence of cancer. Cultured cells from NBS show chromosome instability, an increased sensitivity to radiation-induced cell killing, and an abnormal cell-cycle regulation after irradiation. Hitherto, patients with NBS have been divided into the two complementation groups V1 and V2, on the basis of restoration of radioresistant DNA synthesis, suggesting that each group arises from a different gene. However, the presence of genetic heterogeneity in NBS has been considered to be controversial. To localize the NBS gene, we have performed functional complementation assays using somatic cell fusion between NBS-V1 and NBS-V2 cells, on the basis of hyper-radiosensitivity, and then have performed a genomewide search for the NBS locus, using microcell-mediated chromosome transfer followed by complementation assays based on radiosensitivity. We found that radiation resistance was not restored in the fused NBS-V1 and NBS-V2 cells and that only human chromosome 8 complements the sensitivity to ionizing radiation, in NBS cell lines. In complementation assays performed after the transfer of a reduced chromosome, merely the long arm of chromosome 8 was sufficient for restoring the defect. Our results strongly suggest that NBS is a homogeneous disorder and that the gene for NBS is located at 8q21-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matsuura
- Department of Radiation Biology, Hiroshima University, Japan
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Ludikhuyze L, De Cordt S, Weemaes C, Hendrickx M, Tobback P. >Kinetics for heat and pressure‐temperature inactivation ofbacillus subtilis α‐amylase. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/08905439609549905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Weemaes C, de Cordt S, Goossens K, Ludikhuyze L, Hendrickx M, Heremans K, Tobback P. High pressure, thermal, and combined pressure–temperature stabilities of α-amylases fromBacillus species. Biotechnol Bioeng 1996; 50:49-56. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19960405)50:1<49::aid-bit6>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Komatsu K, Matsuura S, Tauchi H, Endo S, Kodama S, Smeets D, Weemaes C, Oshimura M. The gene for Nijmegen breakage syndrome (V2) is not located on chromosome 11. Am J Hum Genet 1996; 58:885-8. [PMID: 8644753 PMCID: PMC1914668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Van Loey A, Hendrickx M, Ludikhuyze L, Weemaes C, Haentjens T, De Cordt S, Tobback P. Potential Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase-based time-temperature integrators to evaluate pasteurization processes. J Food Prot 1996; 59:261-7. [PMID: 10463444 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-59.3.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Thermal inactivation kinetics of Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase (BSA) in different environmental conditions was studied by performing isothermal experiments. As a response property, residual enzymic activity and residual heat of enzyme deterioration were chosen. A comparison of processing values determined from the read-out of a system with actual integrated processing values revealed the potentials of these systems as time-temperature integrators to be used in the pasteurization domain (temperatures of 70 to 100 degrees C) for target attributes with z-values ranging from 6 to 12 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Loey
- Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Food and Microbial Technology, Belgium
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17
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Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS), a rare autosomal recessive condition also known as ataxia telangiectasia (AT) variants V1 and V2, is characterised by microcephaly, typical facies, short stature, immunodeficiency, and chromosomal instability. We report the clinical, immunological, chromosomal, and cell biological findings in 42 patients who are included in the NBS Registry in Nijmegen. The immunological, chromosomal, and cell biological findings resemble those in AT, but the clinical findings are quite different. NBS appears to be a separate entity not allelic with AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- I van der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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van der Burgt I, Haraldsson A, Oosterwijk JC, van Essen AJ, Weemaes C, Hamel B. Cartilage hair hypoplasia, metaphyseal chondrodysplasia type McKusick: description of seven patients and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet 1991; 41:371-80. [PMID: 1789294 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320410320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe 7 cases of cartilage hair hypoplasia (CHH) with emphasis on the clinical and immunological aspects. The literature on CHH is reviewed and symptoms in 63 non-Amish cases are summarized. In this autosomal recessive disorder the immunodeficiency, hair abnormalities, and severity of skeletal involvement show extremely variable expressivity, between and within families. Two of the 3 sib-pairs among our cases demonstrate the great difference in expression within one family. At adult age roentgenological abnormalities can be very mild, or even absent. An impairment in cell-mediated immunity is present in all of our cases and seems a consistent manifestation in CHH; however, sometimes it is very subtle and without clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- I van der Burgt
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Rotteveel JJ, Renier W, Weemaes C, de Witte T. Plasmapheresis does not affect subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Ann Neurol 1983; 14:491. [PMID: 6638961 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410140416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Weemaes C, van Munster P, Bakkeren J. Immunological studies in two children of a mother with IgA deficiency and anti-IgA antibodies. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1982; 23:145-151. [PMID: 6980071 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(82)90079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Weemaes C, Leijh P, Blussé van Oud Alblas D, van der Meer J, van Furth R. Normal microbicidal function of monocytes in a girl with chronic granulomatous disease. Acta Paediatr Scand 1981; 70:421-5. [PMID: 7246138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1981.tb16578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The history of a 13-year-old girl with a syndrome resembling Chronic Granulomatous Disease (C.G.D.) is described. Metabolic studies in granulocytes and monocytes classified the patient as having C.G.D. The granulocytes failed to kill Staphylococcus aureus and Candida Albicans; however, the killing of these microorganisms by the patient's monocytes was nearly normal. Family studies revealed no abnormalities in the phagocytic cells of the parents and the siblings.
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