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Silva AVD, Silva CMD, Azevedo MCD, Silva JHBD, Nóbrega JS, Fátima RTD, Ferreira JTA, Pereira WE, Mielezrski F. Influence of essential oils on the quality of Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp.) seeds compared by traditional method, image and multivariate analysis. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e272616. [PMID: 37255203 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracts of medicinal plants are used for the treatment of seeds in order to reduce the action of phytopathogens and increase the vigor of the seeds. Currently, computerized image analysis has been used to assess the physiological quality of seed lots. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the Vigor-S® software in the evaluation of the physiological quality of cowpea seeds treated with essential oils, comparing with a traditional test and the principal component analysis. Two cowpea cultivars were analyzed, BRS Tumucumaque and BRS Guariba, treated with doses of natural extracts of Alfavaca, garlic, horsetail, citronella and pyroligneous acid. The traditional method consisted of evaluations for germination, first germination count, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, accelerated aging, fresh matter and dry matter of seedling and the image analysis for: seedling length, growth index, uniformity index, vigor index, and germination. A Principal component analysis was applied to reduce the number of variables. Horsetail, Alfavaca and citronella extracts were efficient in increasing the physiological quality of the seeds of at least one cultivar. The Vigor-S® software proved to be efficient compared to traditional tests to assess the physiological quality of seeds. Principal Component Analysis is an ally to identify the best extracts and doses to be used. The image analysis method proved to be effective when compared to the traditional method and can therefore be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V da Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Agrárias - CCA, Campus Areia, Areia, PB, Brasil
| | - C M da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Campus Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - M C de Azevedo
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Agrárias - CCA, Campus Areia, Areia, PB, Brasil
| | - J H B da Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Agrárias - CCA, Campus Areia, Areia, PB, Brasil
| | - J S Nóbrega
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG, Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola - UAEA, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - R T de Fátima
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG, Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola - UAEA, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - J T A Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Campina Grande - UFCG, Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola - UAEA, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil
| | - W E Pereira
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Agrárias - CCA, Campus Areia, Areia, PB, Brasil
| | - F Mielezrski
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Agrárias - CCA, Campus Areia, Areia, PB, Brasil
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Lima AR, da Silva CM, Caires CSA, Chaves H, Pancrácio AS, de Arruda EJ, Caires ARL, Oliveira SL. Photoinactivation of Aedes aegypti larvae using riboflavin as photosensitizer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:103030. [PMID: 35872352 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
More than half of the global population lives in areas where the Aedes aegypti mosquito is present. Efforts have been made to deal with the population of this mosquito in the larval and adult stages to prevent outbreaks of diseases (Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and Yellow Fever). In this scenario, photodynamic inactivation may be an effective alternative method to control this vector population. To evaluate the efficacy of the riboflavin - B2 vitamin - as photosensitizer (PS) in the photodynamic inactivation of Ae. aegypti larvae, different concentrations (0; 0.005; 0.010; 0.025; 0.050; 0.075 and 0.100 mg mL-1) were evaluated under white light from RGB LEDs at a light dose of 495.2 J cm-2. The results reveal that riboflavin can be successfully applied as a PS agent to photoinactivate Ae. aegypti larvae, showing its potential to deal with the larvae population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Lima
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil.
| | - C M da Silva
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - C S A Caires
- Grupo de Espectroscopia e Bioinformática Aplicados a Biodiversidade e a Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - H Chaves
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - A S Pancrácio
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - E J de Arruda
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil
| | - A R L Caires
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - S L Oliveira
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.
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Magalhães TFF, da Silva CM, Dos Santos LBF, Santos DA, Silva LM, Fuchs BB, Mylonakis E, Martins CVB, de Resende-Stoianoff MA, de Fátima Â. Cinnamyl Schiff bases: synthesis, cytotoxic effects and antifungal activity of clinical interest. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:490-497. [PMID: 32777092 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize and investigate the in vitro antifungal properties of 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases. In addition, cytotoxic effects of such cinnamyl Schiff bases against human lung, kidney or red blood cells were also checked. The compounds were synthesized in a single-step, 2 min of reaction under microwave irradiation produced up to 97% yield. Six of the 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases possessed antifungal activities against strains of Candida, Aspergillus, Fonsecaea and, particularly, Cryptococcus species. Indeed, cinnamyl Schiff bases 1 and 23 exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values more than twofold lower than fluconazole (FCZ) against all the Cryptococcus neoformans strains (MIC = 1·33, 1·4 and 5·2 µg ml-1 , respectively) and Cryptococcus gattii strains (MIC = 5·3, 2·8 and 9·2 µg ml-1 , respectively) (12 strains of each species) while cinnamyl Schiff base 11 was as potent as FCZ against all strains from both Cryptococcus species. No significant cytotoxic effects were observed for Schiff bases against human lung, kidney or red blood cells, all presenting selective indexes higher than 10. In conclusion, this study revealed cinnamyl Schiff bases, especially 1 and 23, as new lead anticryptococcal agents for the discovery of novel antifungal drugs. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The occurrence and severity of fungal infections have increased in recent decades due to resistance to available antifungal drugs and the appearance of new emerging pathogens. Thus, the search for new antifungal agents is mandatory. From a series of 23 cinnamyl Schiff bases, two compounds (1 and 23) were interrogated as new anticryptococcal agents without significant cytotoxicity against human lung, kidney or red blood cells. In turns, these new Schiff bases are lead compounds for the discovery of novel antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F F Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - C M da Silva
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB), Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L B F Dos Santos
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB), Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - D A Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - L M Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - B B Fuchs
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - E Mylonakis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - C V B Martins
- Centro de Engenharias e Ciência Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, PR, Brazil
| | - M A de Resende-Stoianoff
- Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Â de Fátima
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB), Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Dourado ER, de Abreu GE, Santana JC, Macedo RR, da Silva CM, Rapozo PMB, Netto JMB, Barroso U. Emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents with lower urinary tract dysfunction: a population-based study. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:376.e1-376.e7. [PMID: 31471270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association has been found between lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) and emotional and behavioral problems, particularly in cases of urinary incontinence. Other associated symptoms and the coexistence of functional constipation require further investigation. OBJECTIVE To assess whether emotional and behavioral problems are more common in children and adolescents with LUTD. STUDY DESIGN A multicenter, cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in public places. Parents answered questions on urinary and psychological symptoms in their children aged 5-14 years. Children/adolescents with neurological problems or anatomical urinary tract abnormalities were excluded. The Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System was used for assessing urinary symptoms, the Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for evaluating bowel symptoms, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for evaluating emotional and behavioral problems. RESULTS Of the 806 children/adolescents included, 53% were female. The mean age was 9.1 ± 2.7 years. The prevalence of LUTD was 16.4%. Overall, 26.2% had abnormal scores in the overall SDQ scale, 29.2% in the emotional problems subscale, and 30% in the conduct problems subscale. Of the children with LUTD, 40.5% screened positive for emotional/behavioral problems, with a significant association being found for the overall SDQ scale (P < 0.001) and for the emotional problems (P < 0.001), conduct problems (P < 0.001), and hyperactivity (P = 0.037) subscales. Urinary urgency, urinary incontinence, and voiding postponement were significantly associated with a greater prevalence of abnormalities in the overall SDQ score (P = 0.05; P = 0.004, and P = 0.012, respectively). Bladder and bowel dysfunction was an aggravator of emotional and behavioral problems, with more intense symptoms, both in the overall SDQ scale and in the subscales. In the multivariate analysis, the factors independently associated with the presence of emotional and behavioral problems were LUTD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91), constipation (OR = 1.7), studying in a government-funded school (OR = 2.2), and poor education of the head of the family (OR = 1.9). CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents with LUTD have more emotional and behavioral problems, with bladder and bowel dysfunction being an aggravating factor for this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Dourado
- Clinic for Urinary Disorders in Childhood (CEDIMI), Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - G E de Abreu
- Clinic for Urinary Disorders in Childhood (CEDIMI), Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J C Santana
- Clinic for Urinary Disorders in Childhood (CEDIMI), Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - R R Macedo
- Clinic for Urinary Disorders in Childhood (CEDIMI), Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - C M da Silva
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - P M B Rapozo
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - J M B Netto
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - U Barroso
- Clinic for Urinary Disorders in Childhood (CEDIMI), Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Saquetto MB, Pereira FF, Queiroz RS, da Silva CM, Conceição CS, Gomes Neto M. Effects of whole-body vibration on muscle strength, bone mineral content and density, and balance and body composition of children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:527-533. [PMID: 29330572 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to verify the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training on the muscle strength of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane, SciELO, Lilacs and PUBMED databases and included manual searches to identify randomised controlled trials to investigate the effects of WBV on the structure and body function of children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and performed statistical analysis. In total, five studies with 171 patients that compared WBV with exercise and/or control were included. Two studies demonstrated a significant difference between the muscle strength of children and adolescents with Down syndrome who received WBV training and that of those who did not receive the intervention. The studies included in this systematic review showed that WBV training has positive effects on bone mineral density (BMD), body composition and balance. Results of this study showed that WBV training improves muscle strength, BMD, body composition and balance of children and adolescents with Down syndrome, and a more in-depth analysis of its effects on other variables in this population is required, as well as of parameters to be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Saquetto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon s/n - Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil.
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - F F Pereira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - R S Queiroz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Saúde I, Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia - UESB, Jequié, BA, Brazil
| | - C M da Silva
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon s/n - Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - C S Conceição
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon s/n - Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M Gomes Neto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon s/n - Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina e Saúde - UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Abranches PAS, Varejão EVV, da Silva CM, de Fátima Â, Magalhães TFF, da Silva DL, de Resende-Stoianoff MA, Reis S, Nascimento CS, de Almeida WB, Figueiredo IM, Fernandes SA. Complexes of fluconazole with sodium p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes: characterization, solubility and antifungal activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at providing new formulations capable of improving the biopharmaceutical properties of fluconazole, we studied the formation of host–guest complexes of this antifungal agent with water-soluble sodium p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. M. da Silva
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Â. de Fátima
- Departamento de Química
- ICEx
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - T. F. F. Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- ICB
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - D. L. da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia
- ICB
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | | | - S. Reis
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT)
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei
- São João Del Rei
- Brazil
| | - C. S. Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCNAT)
- Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei
- São João Del Rei
- Brazil
| | - W. B. de Almeida
- Laboratório de Química Computacional (LQC)
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Campus do Valonguinho
| | - I. M. Figueiredo
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas
- Maceió
- Brazil
| | - S. A. Fernandes
- Departamento de Química
- CCE
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa
- Brazil
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Tenório AL, Macedo FIB, Miranda LEC, Fernandes JL, da Silva CM, Neto OLF, Lacerda CM. Survival on waiting list for liver transplantation before and after introduction of the model for end-stage liver disease score. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:407-11. [PMID: 20304152 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since July 2006, the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score has served as the national basis for allocation of donor livers for transplantation in Brazil. Patients with higher MELD scores receive greater priority for allocation regardless of the time on the waiting list. PURPOSE To investigate the impact of MELD score implementation on the survival of waiting list patients. METHODS A retrospective study of patients registered at the national Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) for the liver transplantation waiting list between January 2004 and June 2006 (pre-MELD) and between July 2006 and December 2008 (post-MELD). RESULTS We included listed patients awaiting liver transplantation in the pre-MELD era (n = 250, 48.4%) and in the post-MELD era (n = 266, 51.6%). The times awaiting transplant prior to and after the MELD system were 487.2 +/- 384.8 days and 183.9 +/- 157.2 days, respectively. Prior to the MELD score, waiting list survivals were greater when compared to rates in the current system. Early posttransplant patient survival rates were significantly reduced in the post-MELD era (83.4%) compared to the period before MELD implementation (93.2%). CONCLUSIONS MELD score provides a transparent, objective system to drive allocation policy; however, it presents several important limitations. Constant need of changes and reevaluation are needed as an evolutionary process. Future changes in the present system may be addressed by adjusting the MELD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Tenório
- Department of Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, University of Pernambuco School of Medicine, Recife, Brazil
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Barcelos ALV, Chies R, Almeida SEM, Fiegenbaum M, Schweigert ID, Chula FGL, Rossetti ML, Silva CMD. Association of CYP7A1 -278A>C polymorphism and the response of plasma triglyceride after dietary intervention in dyslipidemic patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2010; 42:487-93. [PMID: 19448895 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2009000600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene on the response of plasma lipids to a reduced-fat diet for 6 to 8 weeks in a group of 82 dyslipidemic males with a mean age of 46.0 +/- 11.7 years. Individuals who presented at least one high alteration in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglyceride values were considered to be dyslipidemic. Exclusion criteria were secondary dyslipidemia due to diabetes mellitus, renal, liver, or thyroid disease. None of the subjects were using lipid-lowering medication. Baseline and follow-up lipid concentrations were measured. The genotypes were determined by the digestion of PCR products with the BsaI restriction endonuclease. There were statistically significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations after dietary intervention. The minor allele C has a frequency of 43%. Carriers of the C allele had significantly lower triglyceride concentrations (P = 0.02) than AA homozygotes. After adjustment of covariates, subjects with the AC and CC genotypes showed a greater reduction in triglyceride concentrations compared to subjects with the AA genotype. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the AC and CC CYP7A1 genotypes accounted for 5.2 and 6.2% of triglyceride concentration during follow-up and adjusted percent of change of triglyceride concentration, respectively. The present study provides evidence that -278A>C polymorphism in the CYP7A1 gene can modify triglyceride concentrations in response to a reduced fat diet in a dyslipidemic male population. This gene represents a potential locus for a nutrigenetic directed approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L V Barcelos
- Curso de Pós-graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
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Colombo AV, da Silva CM, Haffajee A, Colombo APV. Identification of intracellular oral species within human crevicular epithelial cells from subjects with chronic periodontitis by fluorescence in situ hybridization. J Periodontal Res 2007; 42:236-43. [PMID: 17451543 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2006.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Interactions between oral bacteria and gingival epithelial cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. This study used in situ hybridization with 16 rRNA probes and confocal microscopy to detect the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola within epithelial cells from periodontal pockets, gingival crevice, and buccal mucosa collected from subjects with chronic periodontitis (n = 14) and good periodontal health (n = 8). MATERIAL AND METHODS Each green fluorescent species-specific and universal probe was hybridized with all 58 epithelial samples from the 22 patients. The samples were observed by confocal microscopy to confirm the intracellular localization of oral species of bacteria. The mean frequency of detection and number of intracellular bacteria per epithelial cell were computed for each sample. RESULTS The frequency of cells with internalized bacteria was higher in samples from the gingival crevice than in samples from the oral mucosa. Epithelial cells from all subjects harbored intracellular bacteria; however, patients with periodontitis presented significantly higher counts of bacteria per cell than periodontally healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Periodontal pathogens showed a trend to be detected in higher numbers in epithelial cells from periodontitis patients. In particular, T. forsythia and T. denticola were significantly more prevalent in periodontal pocket cells than healthy sulci and buccal cell samples in the periodontitis group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Those findings indicate that crevicular and buccal cells present internalized bacteria, regardless of periodontal status. However, higher bacterial loads are detected in cells from subjects with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Colombo
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Silva CMD, Costi C, Costa C, Michelon C, Oravec R, Ramos AB, Niel C, Rossetti ML. Low rate of occult hepatitis B virus infection among anti-HBc positive blood donors living in a low prevalence region in Brazil. J Infect 2004; 51:24-9. [PMID: 15979486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2004.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the rate of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors living in a geographic region of low (5.6%) anti-HBc prevalence. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sera from 150 candidate blood donors whose blood was rejected due to total anti-HBc reactivity (despite absence of HBsAg) were tested for anti-HBs and IgM anti-HBc antibodies, as well as for HBeAg/anti-HBe. Serum HBV DNA was sought by using a PCR assay able to amplify part of the surface gene. Viral load was measured in the PCR positive samples. RESULTS The pattern 'anti-HBc alone' (without HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies) was found in 64 (42.7%) subjects. IgM anti-HBc and anti-HBe antibodies were detected in 2 (1.3%) and 80 (53.3%) samples, respectively. No sample was HBeAg-reactive. HBV DNA was repeatedly found in five (3.3%) samples, three of which were anti-HBs positive and two anti-HBs negative. All five HBV DNA positive samples showed a low viral load (<1000copies/ml). CONCLUSIONS The data indicated a low rate of occult infection among anti-HBc positive, HBsAg negative blood donors living in a region of low prevalence of infection. Viral load was very low in all HBV infected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M D Silva
- Center of Scientific and Tecnological Development, State Foundation for Productivity and Research for Public Health, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Carvalho MV, Maluf MA, Catani R, La Rotta CA, Gomes WJ, Salomão R, da Silva CM, Carvalho AC, Branco JN, Buffolo E. Cytokines and pediatric open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiol Young 2001; 11:36-43. [PMID: 11233396 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951100012403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that, subsequent to cardiopulmonary bypass, and particularly in children, an inflammatory response within the body can often result in a characteristic syndrome. Recently, it has been suggested that this phenomenon is due to a systemic inflammatory response, with significant involvement of cytokines. With this in mind, we investigated the behavior of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 during the operative and in the immediate postoperative period in a group of children submitted to open heart surgery. We investigated any possible relation between the levels of these cytokines in the serum and the length of cardiopulmonary bypass, with the serum levels of lactate, and with the extent of use of inotropic drugs in postoperative period. The cytokines were measured in samples withdrawn after induction of anesthesia, after 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass, after re-establishment of circulation, and then 2 and 24 hours after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. The levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 increased between the beginning and at two hours of the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no correlation between the levels of these cytokines in the serum and the length of cardiopulmonary bypass, although there was a positive relation between levels of interleukin-6 and lactate in samples withdrawn at two hours of the end of bypass, and the measured levels of the cytokines correlated with the extent of inotropic drugs employed in the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Carvalho
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brasil
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12
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Calafatti SA, dos Santos A, da Silva CM, Deguer M, Carvalho AF, Mendes FD, Ferraz JG, Bento AP, Pereira AA, Piovesana H, de Nucci G, Lerner F, Pedrazzoli J. Transfer of metronidazole to gastric juice: impact of Helicobacter pylori infection and omeprazole. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35:699-704. [PMID: 10972172 DOI: 10.1080/003655200750023354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection associated with inhibition of gastric acid secretion on the distribution of medications used for H. pylori eradication are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 7-day administration of 20 mg omeprazole on the transfer of metronidazole from plasma to the gastric juice of individuals with and without H. pylori infection. METHODS Fourteen H. pylori-positive and 14 H. pylori-negative male volunteers were enrolled in a study with an open, randomized, two-period crossover design with a 21-day washout period between phases. Plasma, salivary, and gastric juice concentrations of metronidazole in subjects with and without omeprazole treatment were measured with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/liquid chromatography. RESULTS Metronidazole peak concentration (Cmax) was similar in plasma and saliva and was approximately threefold higher in gastric juice in all groups. Omeprazole treatment increased gastric pH and did not affect metronidazole Cmax or the time required for this to be reached (tmax) in plasma, saliva, or gastric juice. However, omeprazole significantly reduced metronidazole transfer from plasma to gastric juice in H. pylori-positive but not H. pylori-negative subjects, as shown by statistical analysis of AUC(0-2 h). CONCLUSION Short-term treatment with omeprazole in H. pylori- positive volunteers reduces the amount of metronidazole transferred from plasma to gastric juice. This seems to occur in a pH-independent form.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Calafatti
- Dept. of Pathology, São Francisco University Medical School, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
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Minayo MC, de Souza ER, de Assis SG, Cruz Neto O, Deslandes SF, da Silva CM. [Evaluation of orientation and serological support centers in the Brazilian Northeast]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 1999; 15:355-67. [PMID: 10409788 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x1999000200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents the results of an evaluation of Orientation and Serological Support Centers, or Anonymous HIV Testing Centers, in the Northeast of Brazil. Methodological triangulation was used to evaluate these health programs and services, including qualitative and quantitative methodology and pointing to the insufficiency of single-discipline reasoning to encompass phenomena in social organizations. The article also shows results from this triangulation experience, seeking to combine Social Sciences and Epidemiology. It describes the structure and dynamics of these services, analyzes the relationships, perceptions, and representations of the actors, presents a self-evaluation by the professionals, expounds on some quantitative results, and discusses some limits and problems, as well as proposals to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Minayo
- Centro Latino-Americano de Estudos de Violência e Saúde "Jorge Careli", Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil 4036, sala 702, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-361, Brasil
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14
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da Silva CM, David FL, Muscará MN, Sousa SS, Ferraz JG, de Nucci G, Polimeno NC, Pedrazzoli J. Plasma hydroxy metronidazole/metronidazole ratio in anti-HCV carriers with and without apparent liver disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 46:176-80. [PMID: 9723829 PMCID: PMC1873660 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate plasma hydroxy-metronidazole/metronidazole ratio as a dynamic liver function test in HCV-infected individuals with/without liver disease, in the absence of liver cirrhosis. METHODS Metronidazole was administered intravenously in healthy volunteers, asymptomatic anti-HCV-positive blood donors, and in chronic hepatitis C patients. Serology to HCV was determined by a second generation assay and confirmed by gelatin particle agglutination test using recombinant antigens C22-3 and C200. Plasma concentration of metronidazole and hydroxy-metronidazole was measured by high performance liquid chromatography in samples collected 5, 10, 20 and 30 min following the end of metronidazole infusion. RESULTS Chronic hepatitis C patients had abnormal liver enzymes, while healthy volunteers and anti-HCV-positive blood donors had normal liver biochemistry tests. Plasma metronidazole concentration was similar in all groups studied. Plasma hydroxy-metronidazole/metronidazole ratio was significantly reduced in HCV-infected subjects, an effect observed 10 min after the end of drug infusion. CONCLUSIONS Metronidazole clearance is impaired in anti-HCV-positive blood donors and chronic hepatitis C patients, indicating that HCV is capable of affecting liver function at early stages of the disease. The metronidazole clearance test can detect impaired liver function in HCV-infected individuals even in the absence of liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M da Silva
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, São Francisco University Medical School, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
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15
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de Souza ER, de Assis SG, da Silva CM. [Violence in the city of Rio de Janeiro: areas of risk and mortality trends among adolescents 10-19 years of age]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1997; 1:389-98. [PMID: 9377651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents data on general mortality and mortality from external causes (traffic accidents and homicides) among adolescents 10 to 19 years of age in Rio de Janeiro Municipality, Brazil, from 1980 to 1994. The purpose of the study was to describe and put into context mortality from external causes and to identify areas of the Municipality where the risk of these occurrences is highest. The study also sought to identify trends and seasonal patterns of this mortality and to place violence within the ambit of public health through application of the epidemiologic surveillance approach. Information on mortality was extracted from death certificates provided by the State Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro. A total of 20,224 death certificates were studied. The populations used as the denominators for determining rates were estimated from the censuses of 1980 and 1991. For purposes of the analysis; the Municipality was divided into eight programmatic areas, each composed of diverse neighboring districts. A time series analysis was done for traffic accidents and homicides. The results showed that external causes were the leading causes of death in the 10-19 age group, and that during the study period deaths from these causes had increased, especially among males. The results also revealed that mortality was heterogeneously distributed in areas of the Municipality that differed socioeconomically. The study points to the need for better integration of the health sector with other sectors and institutions and for a restructuring of the health system with regard to epidemiologic surveillance of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R de Souza
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Mélodos Quantitativeos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
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Pedrazzoli Júnior J, Pierossi MDA, Muscará MN, Dias HB, da Silva CM, Mendes FD, de Nucci G. Short-term sucralfate administration alters potassium diclofenac absorption in healthy male volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 43:104-8. [PMID: 9056060 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1997.tb00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Since patients who regularly take NSAIDS may use sucralfate because of its cytoprotective properties, we examined the influence of this compound on the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac. METHODS Potassium diclofenac (105 mg) was administered orally to eighteen healthy male volunteers with or without a 5-day pre-treatment with sucralfate (2000 mg twice daily). Blood samples were collected at intervals post-dose and serum concentrations of diclofenac were determined by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. RESULTS Pre-treatment with sucralfate significantly decreased both the AUC(0,8 h) [2265 ng h ml-1 (geometric mean) (range 1815-2827) vs 1821 ng h ml-1 (1295-2562)] and the Cmax [1135 ng ml-1 (geometric mean) (range 898-1436) 701 ng ml-1 (501-981)] with no significant delay in absorption [tmax 1.0 h (median) (range 0.5-2.0) vs 1.0 h (0.5-4.0)]. CONCLUSIONS The short-term treatment of healthy male volunteers with sucralfate decreases potassium diclofenac bioavailability. These findings suggest that either an appropriate increase in the diclofenac intake or the use of another gastric mucosa protector must be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pedrazzoli Júnior
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, São Francisco University Medical School, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
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da Silva CM, Ferreira B, Picón M, Gorfinkiel N, Ehrlich R, Zaha A. Molecular cloning and characterization of actin genes from Echinococcus granulosus. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1993; 60:209-19. [PMID: 8232413 DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(93)90132-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An Echinococcus granulosus genomic library has been screened with a mouse beta-actin cDNA probe. Two clones carrying DNA fragments of about 15 kb, possibly derived from the same genome region, have been isolated. This 15-kb genomic region includes 2 actin-related sequences (EgactI and EgactII) separated by about 4 kb. The nucleotide sequences of both genes were determined. The EgactI sequence presents no introns, but an intron of 591 bp was observed in the EgactII sequence. The genes potentially encode 375 and 376 amino-acid-long actins, respectively, with a homology of 85.3%. The deduced amino acid sequences from both genes were compared to the actin sequences from other organisms, showing similarities ranging from 63.5% to 90.6%. The nucleotide sequence of a partial actin cDNA clone has been determined. The deduced amino acids sequence showed a homology of 90.3% and 88.0% in relation to the EgactI and EgactII sequences respectively, suggesting the existence of at least one more actin gene in E. granulosus. This hypothesis is reinforced by the number of bands detected in the Southern blot analysis. Experiments based on the amplification of DNA segments using 3'-specific actin primers indicate that the EgactI gene is transcribed in protoscoleces.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M da Silva
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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