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Caccese M, Desideri I, Villani V, Simonelli M, Buglione M, Chiesa S, Franceschi E, Gaviani P, Stasi I, Caserta C, Brugnara S, Lolli I, Bennicelli E, Bini P, Cuccu AS, Scoccianti S, Padovan M, Gori S, Bonetti A, Giordano P, Pellerino A, Gregucci F, Riva N, Cinieri S, Internò V, Santoni M, Pernice G, Dealis C, Stievano L, Paiar F, Magni G, De Salvo GL, Zagonel V, Lombardi G. REGOMA-OSS: a large, Italian, multicenter, prospective, observational study evaluating the efficacy and safety of regorafenib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102943. [PMID: 38492275 PMCID: PMC10959650 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the randomized phase II REGOMA trial, regorafenib showed promising activity in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. We conducted a large, multicenter, prospective, observational study to confirm the REGOMA data in a real-world setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS The major inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed diagnosis of glioblastoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification and relapse after radiotherapy with concurrent/adjuvant temozolomide treatment, good performance status [Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS 0-1)] and good liver function. Regorafenib was administered at the standard dose of 160 mg/day for 3 weeks on/1 week off. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was carried out within 14 days before starting regorafenib and every 8-12 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, disease control rate (DCR), safety and health-related quality of life. The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria were used for response evaluation and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5 for assessment of adverse events (AEs). RESULTS From September 2020 to October 2022, 190 patients with recurrent glioblastoma were enrolled from 30 cancer centers in Italy: their median age was 58.5 years [interquartile range (IQR) 53-67 years], 68% were male and 85 (44.7%) were in optimal clinical condition (ECOG PS 0). The number of patients taking steroids at baseline was 113 (60%); the second surgery was carried out in 39 (20.5%). O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was methylated in 80 patients (50.3%) and 147 (92.4%) of the patients analyzed had isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild type. The median follow-up period was 20 months (IQR 15.6-25.5 months). The median OS was 7.9 months ([95% confidence interval (CI) 6.5-9.2 months] and the median PFS was 2.6 months (95% CI 2.3-2.9 months). Radiological response was partial response and stable disease in 13 (7.3%) and 26 (14.6%) patients, respectively, with a DCR of 21.9%. The median number of regorafenib cycles per patient was 3 (IQR 2.0-4.0). Grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events were reported in 22.6% of patients. A dose reduction due to AEs was required in 36% of patients. No deaths were considered as treatment-related AEs. CONCLUSIONS This large, real-world observational study showed similar OS with better tolerability of regorafenib in patients with relapsed glioblastoma compared with the REGOMA study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caccese
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua.
| | - I Desideri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiation Oncology Unit, University of Florence, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence
| | - V Villani
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome
| | - M Simonelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Humanitas Cancer Center, Milan
| | - M Buglione
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia
| | - S Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, U.O.C. Radioterapia Oncologica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome
| | - E Franceschi
- Nervous System Medical Oncology Department, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna
| | - P Gaviani
- Neuro-Oncological Unit, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan
| | - I Stasi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Civil Hospital, Livorno
| | - C Caserta
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria Hospital, Terni
| | - S Brugnara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento
| | - I Lolli
- Oncology Unit of National Institute of Gastroenterology 'S. De Bellis', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari
| | - E Bennicelli
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Oncologia Medica 2, Genoa
| | - P Bini
- Neuroncology Unit, IRCCS 'C. Mondino Foundation', University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - A S Cuccu
- Medical Oncology, Sassari Hospital, Sassari
| | - S Scoccianti
- Radioterapia Oncologica, Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence
| | - M Padovan
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
| | - S Gori
- Oncology Department, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella
| | - A Bonetti
- Department of Oncology, Mater Salutis Hospital, Legnago
| | - P Giordano
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples
| | - A Pellerino
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science and University of Turin, Turin
| | - F Gregucci
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miulli General Regional Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti
| | - N Riva
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) 'Dino Amadori', Meldola
| | - S Cinieri
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale Perrino, Brindisi
| | - V Internò
- Division of Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari
| | - M Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata
| | - G Pernice
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalù
| | - C Dealis
- Health Directorate, Azienda Sanitaria dell'Alto Adige, Bolzano
| | - L Stievano
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Civile, Rovigo
| | - F Paiar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - G Magni
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - G L De Salvo
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - V Zagonel
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
| | - G Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua
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Magliulo D, Simoni M, Caserta C, Fracassi C, Belluschi S, Giannetti K, Pini R, Zapparoli E, Beretta S, Uggè M, Draghi E, Rossari F, Coltella N, Tresoldi C, Morelli MJ, Di Micco R, Gentner B, Vago L, Bernardi R. The transcription factor HIF2α partakes in the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17810. [PMID: 37807875 PMCID: PMC10630882 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the defining features of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an arrest of myeloid differentiation whose molecular determinants are still poorly defined. Pharmacological removal of the differentiation block contributes to the cure of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in the absence of cytotoxic chemotherapy, but this approach has not yet been translated to non-APL AMLs. Here, by investigating the function of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF1α and HIF2α, we found that both genes exert oncogenic functions in AML and that HIF2α is a novel regulator of the AML differentiation block. Mechanistically, we found that HIF2α promotes the expression of transcriptional repressors that have been implicated in suppressing AML myeloid differentiation programs. Importantly, we positioned HIF2α under direct transcriptional control by the prodifferentiation agent all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and demonstrated that HIF2α blockade cooperates with ATRA to trigger AML cell differentiation. In conclusion, we propose that HIF2α inhibition may open new therapeutic avenues for AML treatment by licensing blasts maturation and leukemia debulking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Magliulo
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Matilde Simoni
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Carolina Caserta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Cristina Fracassi
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Serena Belluschi
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of MedicineMilanItaly
- Present address:
MogrifyCambridgeUK
| | - Kety Giannetti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Raffaella Pini
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Stefano Beretta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Martina Uggè
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Eleonora Draghi
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and ImmunobiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Federico Rossari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of MedicineMilanItaly
| | - Nadia Coltella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Marco J Morelli
- Center for Omics SciencesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Present address:
Ludwig Institute for Cancer researchLausanne UniversityLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Luca Vago
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and ImmunobiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Rosa Bernardi
- Division of Experimental OncologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
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Caserta C, Nucera S, Barcella M, Fazio G, Naldini MM, Pagani R, Pavesi F, Desantis G, Zonari E, D'Angiò M, Capasso P, Lombardo A, Merelli I, Spinelli O, Rambaldi A, Ciceri F, Silvestri D, Valsecchi MG, Biondi A, Cazzaniga G, Gentner B. miR-126 identifies a quiescent and chemo-resistant human B-ALL cell subset that correlates with minimal residual disease. Leukemia 2023; 37:1994-2005. [PMID: 37640845 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Complete elimination of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) by a risk-adapted primary treatment approach remains a clinical key objective, which fails in up to a third of patients. Recent evidence has implicated subpopulations of B-ALL cells with stem-like features in disease persistence. We hypothesized that microRNA-126, a core regulator of hematopoietic and leukemic stem cells, may resolve intratumor heterogeneity in B-ALL and uncover therapy-resistant subpopulations. We exploited patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models with B-ALL cells transduced with a miR-126 reporter allowing the prospective isolation of miR-126(high) cells for their functional and transcriptional characterization. Discrete miR-126(high) populations, often characterized by MIR126 locus demethylation, were identified in 8/9 PDX models and showed increased repopulation potential, in vivo chemotherapy resistance and hallmarks of quiescence, inflammation and stress-response pathway activation. Cells with a miR-126(high) transcriptional profile were identified as distinct disease subpopulations by single-cell RNA sequencing in diagnosis samples from adult and pediatric B-ALL. Expression of miR-126 and locus methylation were tested in several pediatric and adult B-ALL cohorts, which received standardized treatment. High microRNA-126 levels and locus demethylation at diagnosis associate with suboptimal response to induction chemotherapy (MRD > 0.05% at day +33 or MRD+ at day +78).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Caserta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Nucera
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Matteo Maria Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pagani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Pavesi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Desantis
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Zonari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella D'Angiò
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Capasso
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Lombardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Orietta Spinelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Silvestri
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italia
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- Tettamanti Center, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Genetics, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Magliulo D, Caserta C, Belluschi S, Fracassi C, Giannetti K, Pini R, Zapparoli E, Beretta S, Draghi E, Morelli MJ, Micco RD, Gentner B, Vago L, Bernardi R. Abstract B027: The transcription factor HIF2alpha partakes in the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.cancepi22-b027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by epigenetic silencing of differentiation genes and accumulation of aberrant myeloid cells arrested at different stages of myeloid development. The combination of epigenetic and differentiation therapies represents an attractive opportunity for AML patients by promoting chromatin remodeling at differentiation genes and induction of terminal maturation and leukemia debulking. The aim of our work is to define the function of the hypoxia inducible transcription factor HIF2alpha in the pathogenesis of AML. By its genetic inactivation and pharmacological inhibition in AML cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models, we found that HIF2alpha acts as a novel regulator of the AML differentiation block and promotes leukemia progression. Gene expression profiling of HIF2alpha-dependent transcriptome revealed that HIF2alpha mainly promotes the expression of genes involved in transcriptional modulation and epigenetic modifications, whilst inhibiting genes of myeloid maturation and activation. Mechanistically, inhibition of HIF2alpha results in decreased global levels of the heterochromatin marker H3K27me3, which is specifically deposited by the catalytic subunit EZH2 of the Polycomb repressive complex 2. Intriguingly, we found that HIF2alpha and EZH2 cooperate at favoring EZH2-mediated deposition of H3K27me3 at reverse hypoxia responsive elements in the regulatory regions of myeloid maturation genes. Additionally, we demonstrate that HIF2alpha is positively regulated by the pro-differentiation agent all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and its inhibition cooperates with ATRA in triggering AML cell differentiation. In conclusion, we provide new mechanistic insights into the role of HIF2alpha in the pathogenesis of AML, by promoting an undifferentiated state via EZH2-mediated epigenetic silencing of myeloid differentiation genes. Importantly, small molecule inhibitors of HIF2alpha have been recently generated and are tested for solid cancers. Therefore, HIF2alpha inhibition may open new therapeutic avenues for AML patients and add therapeutic value to ATRA-based therapies by interrupting HIF2alpha upregulation and promoting an epigenetic state permissive to maturation of leukemic blasts and leukemia exhaustion.
Citation Format: Daniela Magliulo, Carolina Caserta, Serena Belluschi, Cristina Fracassi, Kety Giannetti, Raffaella Pini, Ettore Zapparoli, Stefano Beretta, Eleonora Draghi, Marco J. Morelli, Raffaella Di Micco, Bernhard Gentner, Luca Vago, Rosa Bernardi. The transcription factor HIF2alpha partakes in the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Epigenomics; 2022 Oct 6-8; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(23 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B027.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Caserta
- 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy,
| | | | | | - Kety Giannetti
- 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy,
| | | | | | - Stefano Beretta
- 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy,
| | | | | | | | - Bernhard Gentner
- 2San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy,
| | - Luca Vago
- 1IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
| | - Rosa Bernardi
- 1IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,
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Haridas C, Potter A, Caserta C, Sands J, Yang CF. EP14.05-003 Recent Stage Shifts and Changes in the Treatment of Stage I Small Cell Lung Cancer in the United States. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Iacovelli RR, Ciccarese C, Brunelli M, Battelli N, Buttigliero C, Caserta C, Buti S, Santini D, Carella C, Galli L, Verri E, Ermacora P, Merler S, Masini C, De Vivo R, Milesi L, Spina F, Rizzo M, Sperduti I, Fornarini G, Tortora G. First-line avelumab for patients with PD-L1-positive metastatic or locally advanced urothelial cancer who are unfit for cisplatin. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:1179-1185. [PMID: 35926813 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the most recommended treatment for metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). However, about 50% of patients are considered to be cisplatin ineligible. Anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapies have, nevertheless, increased the options available to clinicians and are especially valuable for treating these patients. This study therefore tested the activity and safety of avelumab as first-line therapy for mUC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with mUC who were ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy were screened centrally for PD-L1 expression and only those with a tumour proportion score (TPS) ≥5% were enrolled in the trial. The primary endpoint was 1-year overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were median OS, median PFS, the ORR, the duration of the response, safety, and tolerability. All the survival rates were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier product-limit methodology and compared across groups using the log-rank test. RESULTS 198 patients were screened, with 71 (35.9%) whose PD-L1 expression was ≥5% enrolled in the study. The median age was 75 years, bladder cancer was the primary tumour in 73.2% of cases, and 25.3% had liver metastases. The main reasons for the cisplatin ineligibility were a low rate of creatinine clearance (< 60 ml/min), present in 70.4% of patients, and an ECOG performance status of 2, which affected 31%. The median OS was 10.0 months (95% CI, 5.5-14.5) and 43% of patients were alive at one year. A complete response was achieved in 8.5% of cases and 15.5% had a partial response. Adverse any-grade and high-grade events occurred in 49.3% and 8.5% of patients, respectively. A grade 3 infusion reaction was the only high-grade treatment-related adverse event. No treatment-related deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS This ARIES trial confirmed the activity and safety of avelumab for treating mUC, adding a new therapy option to the armamentarium of checkpoint inhibitors already approved for platinum-ineligible, locally advanced/mUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto R Iacovelli
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - C Ciccarese
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Brunelli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - N Battelli
- Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Generale Provinciale di Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - C Buttigliero
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - C Caserta
- Medical and Translational Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria, Terni
| | - S Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Santini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy; UOC Oncologia medica, Università "La Sapienza". Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - C Carella
- Istituto tumori "Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - L Galli
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Verri
- Medical Oncology Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumors, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - P Ermacora
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Udine, Italy
| | - S Merler
- Section of Oncology, University of Verona - School of Medicine, Verona, Italy
| | - C Masini
- Oncology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia
| | - R De Vivo
- Department of Oncology, San Bortolo General Hospital, Azienda ULSS8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - L Milesi
- Oncologia Medica Asst Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - F Spina
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - M Rizzo
- Division of Translational Oncology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - I Sperduti
- Biostatistical Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - G Fornarini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, UO Oncologia Medica 1, Genova, Italy
| | - G Tortora
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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7
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Iacovelli R, Ciccarese C, Brunelli M, Battelli N, Buttigliero C, Caserta C, Buti S, Santini D, Naglieri E, Galli L, Verri E, Ermacora P, Milella M, Masini C, Aprile G, Milesi L, Spina F, Rizzo M, Sperduti I, Fornarini G, Tortora G. First line avelumab in PD-L1+ve metastatic or locally advanced Urothelial Cancer (aUC) patients unfit for cisplatin: The ARIES trial. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mucci A, Antonarelli G, Caserta C, Vittoria FM, Desantis G, Pagani R, Greco B, Casucci M, Escobar G, Passerini L, Lachmann N, Sanvito F, Barcella M, Merelli I, Naldini L, Gentner B. Myeloid cell-based delivery of IFN-γ reprograms the leukemia microenvironment and induces anti-tumoral immune responses. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13598. [PMID: 34459560 PMCID: PMC8495462 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressive microenvironment surrounding tumor cells represents a key cause of treatment failure. Therefore, immunotherapies aimed at reprogramming the immune system have largely spread in the past years. We employed gene transfer into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to selectively express anti-tumoral cytokines in tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. We show that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) reduced tumor progression in mouse models of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and colorectal carcinoma (MC38). Its activity depended on the immune system's capacity to respond to IFN-γ and drove the counter-selection of leukemia cells expressing surrogate antigens. Gene-based IFN-γ delivery induced antigen presentation in the myeloid compartment and on leukemia cells, leading to a wave of T cell recruitment and activation, with enhanced clonal expansion of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes. The activity of IFN-γ was further enhanced by either co-delivery of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or by drugs blocking immunosuppressive escape pathways, with the potential to obtain durable responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Mucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Gabriele Antonarelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Carolina Caserta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Francesco Maria Vittoria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Giacomo Desantis
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Riccardo Pagani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Beatrice Greco
- Innovative Immunotherapies UnitDivision of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Monica Casucci
- Innovative Immunotherapies UnitDivision of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Giulia Escobar
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Laura Passerini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- National Research CouncilInstitute for Biomedical TechnologiesSegrateItaly
| | - Ivan Merelli
- National Research CouncilInstitute for Biomedical TechnologiesSegrateItaly
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilanItaly
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Fornarini G, Rebuzzi SE, Banna GL, Calabrò F, Scandurra G, De Giorgi U, Masini C, Baldessari C, Naglieri E, Caserta C, Manacorda S, Maruzzo M, Milella M, Buttigliero C, Tambaro R, Ermacora P, Morelli F, Nolè F, Astolfi C, Sternberg CN. Immune-inflammatory biomarkers as prognostic factors for immunotherapy in pretreated advanced urinary tract cancer patients: an analysis of the Italian SAUL cohort. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100118. [PMID: 33984678 PMCID: PMC8134706 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable and affordable prognostic and predictive biomarkers for urothelial carcinoma treated with immunotherapy may allow patients' outcome stratification and drive therapeutic options. The SAUL trial investigated the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab in a real-world setting on 1004 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who progressed to one to three prior systemic therapies. Patients and methods Using the SAUL Italian cohort of 267 patients, we investigated the prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the best performing one of these in combination with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with or without lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Previously reported cut-offs (NLR >3 and NLR >5; SII >1375) in addition to study-defined ones derived from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used. Results The cut-off values for NLR and SII by the ROC analysis were 3.65 (sensitivity 60.4; specificity 63.0) and 884 (sensitivity 64.4; specificity 67.5), respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.7 months for NLR <3.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.9-not reached (NR)] versus 6.0 months for NLR ≥3.65 (95% CI 3.9-9.4); 14.7 months for SII <884 (95% CI 10.6-NR) versus 6.0 months for SII ≥884 (95% CI 3.7-8.6). The combination of SII, PD-L1, and LDH stratified OS better than SII plus PD-L1 through better identification of patients with intermediate prognosis (77% versus 48%, respectively). Multivariate analyses confirmed significant correlations with OS and progression-free survival for both the SII + PD-L1 + LDH and SII + PD-L1 combinations. Conclusion The combination of immune-inflammatory biomarkers based on SII, PD-L1, with or without LDH is a potentially useful and easy-to-assess prognostic tool deserving validation to identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy alone or alternative therapies. Reliable biomarkers for immunotherapy may assist in treatment decision making and clinical trial design and interpretation. Immune-inflammatory biomarkers were investigated for their prognostic role within the Italian SAUL study cohort. ROC-based cut-offs were 3.65 for NLR and 884 for SII. Both NLR and SII were prognostic with SII performing slightly better than NLR. The combination of SII, PD-L1, and LDH stratified OS better than SII + PD-L1; both were independent prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fornarini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - S E Rebuzzi
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G L Banna
- Department of Oncology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - F Calabrò
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - G Scandurra
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Cannizzaro di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - U De Giorgi
- Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) - IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - C Masini
- Medical Oncology, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - C Baldessari
- Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - E Naglieri
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Bari Giovanni Paolo II - IRCCS, Bari, Italy
| | - C Caserta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Maria, Terni, Italy
| | - S Manacorda
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Maruzzo
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - M Milella
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Policlinico Universitario G.B. Rossi Borgo Roma, Verona, Italy
| | - C Buttigliero
- Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - R Tambaro
- U.O.C di Oncologia Sperimentale Uroginecologica, I.N.T. IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - P Ermacora
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - F Morelli
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - F Nolè
- IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C Astolfi
- Medical Affairs & Clinical Operation, Roche S.p.A., Monza, Italy
| | - C N Sternberg
- Hematology and Oncology, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian, New York, USA.
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Powles T, Kopyltsov E, Su PJ, Parnis F, Park S, Yamamoto Y, Fong P, Tournigand C, Climent Duran M, Bamias A, Caserta C, Chang J, Yan E, di Pietro A, Wang J, Grivas P. 745P Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from JAVELIN Bladder 100: Avelumab first-line (1L) maintenance + best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC alone for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Grivas P, Park S, Voog E, Caserta C, Perez Valderrama B, Gurney H, Kalofonos H, Radulovic S, Demey W, Ullén A, Loriot Y, Sridhar S, Tsuchiya N, Kopyltsov E, Gupta S, Huang B, Costa N, Blake-Haskins J, di Pietro A, Powles T. 704MO Avelumab first-line (1L) maintenance + best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC alone with 1L chemotherapy (CTx) for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC): Subgroup analyses from JAVELIN Bladder 100. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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12
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Rebuzzi S, Sternberg C, Fornarini G, Calabro' F, Baldessari C, Scandurra G, De Giorgi U, Masini C, Naglieri E, Caserta C, Galli L, Maruzzo M, Zampiva I, Buttigliero C, Astolfi C, Banna G. 768P Prognostic score combining systemic inflammation index (SII) and PD-L1 +/- LDH in advanced urinary tract carcinoma patients treated with atezolizumab: Subanalysis in the Italian population of the SAUL study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Padovan M, Eoli M, Pellerino A, Rizzato S, Caserta C, Simonelli M, Michiara M, Caccese M, Anghileri E, Finocchiaro G, Zagonel V, Rudà R, Lombardi G. 369MO Final results of depatuxizumab mafodotin plus temozolomide in recurrent glioblastoma patients: Real-world experience from a multicenter study of Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology (AINO). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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14
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Hoffman-Censits J, Rosenberg J, van Der Heijden M, Dreicer R, Perez Gracia J, Petrylak D, Retz M, Sabbatini R, Naglieri E, Caserta C, Maruzzo M, Iacovelli R, Galli L, McDermott R, Morales Barrera R, Bonfill T, De Ducla S, Ding B, Linsenmeier J, Sternberg C. Clinical outcomes by sex with atezolizumab (atezo) monotherapy in patients (pts) with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz249.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Vitale M, Pipitone S, Scagliarini S, Zucali P, Galli L, Rossetti S, Caserta C, Iacovelli R, Masini C, Ficorella C, Di Girolamo S, Buti S, Benedetti B, Santoni M, Porta C, Bracarda S, Baldessari C, Giaquinta S, Cascinu S, Sabbatini R. Correlation between immuno-related adverse events (IRAEs) occurrence and clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with nivolumab: IRAENE trial, an Italian multi-institutional retrospective study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy283.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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De Giorgi U, Procopio G, Guida A, Bearz A, Buti S, Basso U, Mitterer M, Ortega C, Bidoli P, Ferrau F, Crinò L, Frassoldati A, Marchetti P, Mini E, Scoppola A, Verusio C, Fornarini G, Cartenì G, Caserta C, Sternberg C. Inflammatory indexes strongly predict clinical outcome in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) treated with nivolumab: results from the Italian expanded access program (EAP). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Sabbatini R, Galli L, Pignata S, Lo Re G, Valcamonico F, Defferrari C, Spada M, Santini D, Masini C, Ciuffreda L, Ruggeri E, Chioni A, Livi L, Fagnani D, Bonetti A, Giustini L, Duranti S, Procopio G, Caserta C, Cartenì G. Efficacy and safety data in elderly patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) included in the nivolumab expanded access program (EAP) in Italy. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Procopio G, Prisciandaro M, Iacovelli R, Mancini M, Fornarini G, Facchini G, Cartenì G, Napolitano M, Sternberg C, Caserta C, Bregni M, Massari F, Buti S, Biasco E, De Giorgi U, Zustovich F, Ratta R, Ortega C, Tortora G, Verzoni E. Safety and efficacy of Cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): real world data from an Italian Expanded Access Program (EAP). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Zuin M, Caserta C, Romanò L, Mele A, Zanetti A, Cannatelli R, Giorgini A, Tagliacarne C, Amante A, Marcucci F, Battezzati PM. Seroepidemiology of HEV and HAV in two populations with different socio-economic levels and hygienic/sanitary conditions. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 36:479-485. [PMID: 27785638 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiological scenarios of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections have changed in the last few decades, but precise epidemiological data on the prevalence of anti-HEV and anti-HAV, alone or in combination, in the general population are scanty. We investigated HEV and HAV seroprevalence comparing two population samples living in Northern (Abbiategrasso, Milan) and Southern Italy (Cittanova, Reggio Calabria), the latter being characterized by a poorer socio-economic level and hygienic/sanitary conditions. Based on census records, we randomly enrolled and tested 3,365 subjects (Abbiategrasso, n = 2,489; Cittanova, n = 876) aged 18-75 years for anti-HAV and anti-HEV. Anti-HAV (71.3 % vs 52.5 %) and anti-HEV (17.8 % vs 9.0 %) prevalence rates were higher in Southern Italy (both p < 0.001). Most anti-HEV-positive subjects also had anti-HAV. Subjects testing positive for anti-HAV, alone or with anti-HEV, were older (p < 0.001 in both populations) and showed a trend toward declining prevalence in the youngest birth cohorts. The prevalence of subjects with a positive result for anti-HEV alone did not change in birth cohorts in the two towns. Detection of anti-HEV was independently associated with anti-HAV, town, birth cohort, and education level in multivariate analysis. Low socio-economic level and hygienic/sanitary conditions are associated with high HAV and HEV seroprevalence rates in Italy. Recent improvements, especially in the South, have led to a declining prevalence of anti-HAV, alone or with anti-HEV. Seroprevalence of HEV alone is uniformly low and does not change in birth cohorts born between 1938 and 1993.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zuin
- Division of Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine Ospedale San Paolo, Università degli Studi di Milano, via di Rudinì, 8, 20143, Milan, Italy
| | - C Caserta
- Calabria Association of Hepatology, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - L Romanò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Mele
- Calabria Association of Hepatology, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - A Zanetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - R Cannatelli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine Ospedale San Paolo, Università degli Studi di Milano, via di Rudinì, 8, 20143, Milan, Italy
| | - A Giorgini
- Azienda Socio-sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - C Tagliacarne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Amante
- Calabria Association of Hepatology, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - F Marcucci
- Calabria Association of Hepatology, Reggio Calabria, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P M Battezzati
- Division of Internal Medicine and Liver Unit, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine Ospedale San Paolo, Università degli Studi di Milano, via di Rudinì, 8, 20143, Milan, Italy.
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Tannir N, Powles T, Motzer R, Rolland F, Gravis G, Staehler M, Rink M, Retz M, Csoszi T, McCaffrey J, De Giorgi U, Caserta C, Cheporov S, Esteban Gonzalez E, Duran I, Larkin J, Berg W, Clary D, Escudier B, Choueiri T. Analysis of regional differences in the phase 3 METEOR study of cabozantinib (cabo) versus everolimus (eve) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw373.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Franceschi E, Finocchiaro G, Zagonel V, Reni M, Fabi A, Caserta C, Clavarezza M, Maiello E, Carteni G, Rosti G, Agati R, Tosoni A, Proietti E, Paccapelo A, Brandes A. Time to response (TTR) and early tumor shrinkage (ETS) in recurrent glioblastoma patients treated with bevacizumab: an exploratory analysis of the prospective randomized AVAREG (ML25739) phase II study. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv348.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Roila F, Ruggeri B, Ballatori E, Fatigoni S, Caserta C, Licitra L, Mirabile A, Ionta MT, Massidda B, Cavanna L, Palladino MA, Tocci A, Fava S, Colantonio I, Angelelli L, Ciuffreda L, Fasola G, Zerilli F. Aprepitant versus metoclopramide, both combined with dexamethasone, for the prevention of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis: a randomized, double-blind study. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1248-1253. [PMID: 25743855 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of aprepitant, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (r.a.), and dexamethasone is recommended for the prophylaxis of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in the acute phase, and aprepitant + dexamethasone (A + D) in the delayed phase. The aim of this study was to verify if A + D is superior to metoclopramide plus dexamethasone (M + D) in preventing delayed emesis in cancer patients receiving the same prophylaxis for acute emesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A randomized double-blind study comparing A + D versus M + D was completed in previously untreated cancer patients. Before chemotherapy, all patients were treated with intravenous palonosetron 0.25 mg and dexamethasone 12 mg, and oral aprepitant 125 mg. On day 2-4, patients randomly received oral dexamethasone 8 mg plus aprepitant 80 mg once daily (days 2-3) or metoclopramide 20 mg four times daily plus dexamethasone 8 mg bid. Primary endpoint was rate of complete response (no vomiting, no rescue treatment) in day 2-5 after chemotherapy. RESULTS Due to difficulty in the accrual of patients, 303 of the 480 planned patients were enrolled, 284 were fully evaluable, 147 receiving A + D, 137 M + D. Day 1 results were similar in both arms. On day 2-5, complete response rate was not significantly different (80.3% with A + D versus 82.5% with M + D, P < 0.38, respectively), and all secondary endpoints were also similar (complete protection, total control, no vomiting, no nausea, and score of Functional Living Index-Emesis; P < 0.24). Adverse events incidence was not significantly different between the two treatments. CONCLUSIONS In cancer patients submitted to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, receiving the same antiemetic prophylaxis for acute emesis, A + D is not superior to M + D in preventing delayed emesis, and both treatments present similar toxicity. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER NCT00869310.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Roila
- Medical Oncology Division, 'S. Maria' Hospital, Terni.
| | - B Ruggeri
- Clinical Governance, ASUR Marche, Ascoli Piceno
| | - E Ballatori
- Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of L'Aquila, Spinetoli
| | - S Fatigoni
- Medical Oncology Division, 'S. Maria' Hospital, Terni
| | - C Caserta
- Medical Oncology Division, 'S. Maria' Hospital, Terni
| | - L Licitra
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milano
| | - A Mirabile
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milano
| | - M T Ionta
- Medical Oncology II, University Hospital, Cagliari
| | - B Massidda
- Medical Oncology II, University Hospital, Cagliari
| | - L Cavanna
- Medical Oncology, Piacenza Hospital, Piacenza
| | | | - A Tocci
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Legnano, Legnano
| | - S Fava
- Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Legnano, Legnano
| | - I Colantonio
- Medical Oncology, Santa Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo
| | - L Angelelli
- Medical Oncology, ASUR Marche, Ascoli Piceno
| | - L Ciuffreda
- Medical Oncology, Molinette Hospital, Torino
| | - G Fasola
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine
| | - F Zerilli
- Medical Oncology, S. Antonio Abate Hospital, Trapani, Italy
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Franceschi E, Agati R, Finocchiaro G, Zagonel V, Fabi A, Reni M, Caserta C, Maiello E, Carteni G, Clavarezza M, Rosti G, Eoli M, Lombardi G, Bacci A, Monteforte M, Doria S, Galli A, Brandes AA. NI-26 * COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RANO AND MACDONAD'S CRITERIA IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA TREATED IN THE RANDOMIZED PHASE II TRIAL AVAREG WITH BEVACIZUMAB OR FOTEMUSTINE. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou264.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Brandes A, Finocchiaro G, Zagonel V, Fabi A, Caserta C, Reni M, Clavarezza M, Maiello E, Carteni G, Rosti G, Eoli M, Lombardi G, Monteforte M, Agati R, Eusebi V, Galli A, Doria S, Franceschi E. Randomized Phase Ii Trial Avareg (Ml25739) with Bevacizumab (Bev) or Fotemustine (Ftm) in Recurrent Gbm: Final Results from the Randomized Phase Ii Trial. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu330.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- J Crawford
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
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Mosconi A, Crino L, Ludovini V, Scambia G, Ferrandina G, Breda E, Sabbatini R, Caserta C, De Angelis V, Pignata S. Molecular prognostic and predictive markers in gynecologic cancers: The translational 1 (T-1) study of the Multicentre Italian Trials in Ovarian Cancer and Gynecologic Malignancies (MITO) group. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.tps340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Mariano A, Caserta C, Pendino GM, Vacalebre C, Surace P, Fiorillo MT, Polito I, Surace M, Alicante S, Amante A, Foti G, Marra M, Gutamo G, Amato F, Messineo A, Mele A. Antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection: effectiveness at general population level in a highly endemic area. Dig Liver Dis 2009; 41:509-15. [PMID: 19196557 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment induced a sustained virological response in >50% of HCV-RNA-positive individuals enrolled in published clinical trials. AIM To determine anti-HCV treatment effectiveness at a general population level. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 2002, a 1:5 random sample of >11 years old inhabitants of a small Italian town (Cittanova) was invited for HCV screening. HCV-RNA-positive individuals were evaluated for antiviral treatment. RESULTS 1645 of 1924 invited individuals (85.5%) participated in the screening. 84 HCV-RNA-positive individuals were detected: median age was 65 years (range: 32-87); 67% was infected with genotype 1 or 4. Antiviral treatment was judged unnecessary for 43 (51.2%), due to persistently normal alanine aminotransferases, mild disease at liver biopsy or age >70 years without cirrhosis. Twenty-eight of the remaining 41 patients (68.3%) were ineligible for treatment, because of medical/psychiatric contraindications (42.9%), alcohol/drug abuse (17.9%), decompensated cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma (17.9%), not attending official appointments (10.7%), previous intolerance/non-response to interferon plus ribavirin (10.7%). 5 of 13 eligible patients (38.5%) did not receive treatment (4 refused and 1 accidental death). 3 of 8 treated patients (37.5%) reached a sustained virological response. CONCLUSIONS Although efficacy of anti-HCV therapy improved in recent years, we found that low eligibility to treatment still limited its effectiveness at general population level in a highly endemic town.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mariano
- National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Italian National Health Institute, Rome, Italy.
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Bracarda S, Porta C, Boni C, Santoro A, Artioli F, Contu A, Mentuccia L, Gasparro D, Caserta C, De Angelis V. SORAFENIB PLUS INTERFERON-α2A IN METASTATIC RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: RESULTS FROM RAPSODY (GOIRC STUDY 0681), A RANDOMISED PROSPECTIVE PHASE II TRIAL OF TWO DIFFERENT TREATMENT SCHEDULES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(08)60694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bracarda S, Porta C, Boni C, Santoro A, Artioli F, Di Bartolomeo C, Contu A, Gasparro D, De Angelis V, Caserta C. Randomized prospective phase II trial of two schedules of sorafenib daily and interferon-α2a (IFN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RAPSODY): GOIRC Study 0681. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5100 Background: Sorafenib is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor with a demonstrated efficacy in MRCC (Eisen, ASCO 2006). IFN is a pleiotropic molecule with an antiangiogenic activity probably dose and schedule-dependent (Folkman, 1992). Aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of sorafenib combined with IFN in two different schedules. Methods: Eligible patients had metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) with a clear cell component = 50%, previous nephrectomy, ECOG Performance Status 0–2, no cerebral metastases or previous treatment, measurable disease; any Motzer’s score was allowed. Patients received oral sorafenib 400mg BID continuously plus sc IFN, 9 MU three times a week (arm-A) or 3 MU five times a week (arm-B), started 7 days after sorafenib to increase compliance. Planned sample size of this single-stage study was 100 cases to be enrolled over 18 months. Primary end points: Progression Free Survival (PFS) in the two arms and safety; secondary end-points: overall response (intention-to treat analysis) and overall survival. Results: Between January 2006 and January 2007 all the expected cases were enrolled into the study (median age 63 years, range 34–82; male/female: 71/29). Of 63 patients for whom a post baseline assessment was available (31 in arm A and 32 in arm B), 16 achieved a partial response (25.4%: 29% in arm A, 95% CI 13.2–44.9 and 22% in arm B, 95% CI 7.6–36.2), 26 had a stable disease (41.3%: 29% in arm A and 53% in arm B) and 21 progressed (33.3%: 42% in arm A and 25% in arm B). Due to the short follow-up period PFS data are not yet available. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities affecting more than 5% of the pts were equally distributed between arms except for fatigue and skin rash (respectively 19% and 8%, only arm A): hypophosphatemia (43%), hand-foot syndrome (22%), anorexia, stomatitis, hyperamylasemia (11% each), diarrhea (8%) and hyperlipasemia (5%). Conclusions: With an overall response rate of 25.4% and a tumor control rate (partial response + stable disease) of 66.7% (58.1% in arm A, 95% CI 40.7–75.5 and 75.0% in arm B, 95% CI 60.0–90.0; p = ns) sorafenib plus IFN can be considered a promising regimen in MRCC. Further investigations of the active and safe low-dose IFN combination arm are warranted. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bracarda
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Porta
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Boni
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Santoro
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - F. Artioli
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Di Bartolomeo
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Contu
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - D. Gasparro
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - V. De Angelis
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Caserta
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy; IRCS San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Ospedale S. Maria, Reggio Emilia, Italy; ICH Humanitas, Milano, Italy; Hospital, Carpi, Italy; Umberto I Hospital, Roma, Italy; Hospital, Sassari, Italy; Hospital, Parma, Italy; ASL-2, Perugia, Italy
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Bracarda S, Caserta C, Sordini L, Rossi M, Hamzay A, Crinò L. Protein kinase inhibitors in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma: sorafenib. Ann Oncol 2007; 18 Suppl 6:vi22-5. [PMID: 17591826 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is an orally available multikinase inhibitor active on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and -3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta, B-RAF, C-RAF, flt3 and C-Kit. Phase I studies showed its activity on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and other neoplasms and identified the schedule of 400 mg (two tablets) b.i.d. as better tolerated and potentially active. The original design selected for the principal phase II trial, randomization discontinuation trial, showed the particular activity profile of this drug: low objective response rates but significant increases in progression-free survival [PFS, which frequently translate in increased overall survival (OS)]. A pattern of response completely agrees with an antiangiogenic (cytostatic) agent. The potential efficacy of sorafenib was confirmed in immunotherapy-refractory advanced RCC cases by 'TARGETs', the largest randomized double-blind study ever carried out in kidney cancer. With a doubled PFS, a trend in OS and a modest toxicity profile, mainly grade 1-2 skin toxicity and diarrhea, sorafenib has been recently approved from the Food and Drug Administration and European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products for the second-line treatment of advanced RCC. Numerous trials are ongoing to test new schedules and drug combinations, while promising results were recently achieved also in hepatocellular carcinoma. With drugs such as sorafenib, angiogenesis could become an Achilles's heel for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bracarda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy.
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Del Colle S, Milan A, Caserta C, Naso D, Magnino C, Puglisi E, Tosello F, Monticone S, Veglio F, De Castro S. Left Ventricular Remodelling Conditions Left Atrial Volume and Function In Hypertensive Patients? Evaluation in RT3D Echocardiography. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Bosco G, Giaquinta G, Valle MS, Caserta C, Casabona A, Perciavalle V. Distribution of spinocerebellar Purkinje cell responses to passive forelimb movements in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:4063-73. [PMID: 11069603 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We recorded Purkinje cell activity throughout the spinocerebellum of anaesthetized rats while imposing circular passive movements to the unrestrained forelimb. The aim was to understand the type of processing of sensory information occurring at the level of the cerebellar cortex, on the basis that precerebellar sensory neurons have been shown to represent whole limb movement parameters better than single joint movements. We observed that neurons representing sensory aspects of arm movements were scattered throughout the spinocerebellar cortex without a distinct segregation from those that did not respond, albeit the relative density of responsive and unresponsive neurons was quite variable and depended on the area of the cortex. Furthermore, Purkinje cells that responded significantly to the arm movement cycles all showed the same response pattern consisting of a firing rate increase during the downward extension of the arm. These results are discussed as suggesting a coordinate framework for the representation of proprioceptive information in the cerebellum congruent to that observed for encoding motor parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bosco
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Giaquinta G, Valle MS, Caserta C, Casabona A, Bosco G, Perciavalle V. Sensory representation of passive movement kinematics by rat's spinocerebellar Purkinje cells. Neurosci Lett 2000; 285:41-4. [PMID: 10788703 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we examined Purkinje cells' sensory representations of kinematic parameters of passive movements imposed to the forelimb of anesthetized rats. Simple spike Purkinje cell activity was recorded while the rat's ipsilateral forearm was moved passively along circular footpaths at two different speeds. We found that the activity of 35.33% (165/467) of the neurons was significantly modulated during movement cycles. A multivariate regression analysis indicated that movement direction was the predominant factor in determining Purkinje cell activity, whereas movement velocity (i.e. the combination of movement direction and speed) was represented to a much lesser degree. Based on this result, we might suggest that a cortical efferent copy is necessary to the cerebellum in order to elaborate a movement velocity signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giaquinta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Abstract
Electromyographic responses (EMGs) of limb muscles were studied during microiontophoretic application of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) into the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) or the spinal vestibular nucleus (SpVe) of anaesthetized rats. The aim was to ascertain whether the level of 5-HT in these nuclei was able to modulate muscle responsiveness. Increased levels of 5-HT in LVN (and to a weaker extent in SpVe) enhanced the EMGs of proximal extensor muscles and depressed those of flexors. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist ketanserin, applied into the LVN, prevented 5-HT effects on EMG-evoked responses. It is concluded that 5-HT can modulate the motor output via the vestibulospinal pathway, exerting a differential control over flexor and extensor muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Li Volsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche, Università di Catania, Italy
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Abstract
Cyclophilin A (CyPA), a cytosolic peptidyl-prolyl trans-cis isomerase can accelerate the trans-cis isomerization of Xxx-Pro peptide bonds. One- and two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy were used to determine that the heptapeptide Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val, a model peptide of an HIV-1 protease cleavage site in the gag polyprotein of HIV-1, is a substrate for CyPA. Experiments revealed a slow exchange about the Tyr-Pro peptide bond with 30 +/- 5% in the cis conformation (pH 1-9). While the interconversion rate is too slow to measure by kinetic NMR methods in the absence of CyPA, these methods, saturation transfer and NOE experiments, established that CyPA enhanced the rate of trans-cis interconversion, a process inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA). With a substrate:CyPA ratio of 40:1, an interconversion rate of 2.5 s(-1) at 25 degrees C was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McCornack
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455-0347, USA
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David S, Biancone L, Caserta C, Bussolati B, Cambi V, Camussi G. Alternative pathway complement activation induces proinflammatory activity in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12:51-6. [PMID: 9027773 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/12.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal tubular epithelial cells express a surface C3-convertase activity which induces C fixation and insertion of the C5b-9 membrane attack complex (MAC) into the cell plasma membrane. The physiopathological consequences of this phenomenon are unknown. METHODS The effect of C fixation on the production of inflammatory mediators by human proximal tubular epithelial cells in culture was explored. RESULTS Proximal tubular epithelial cells incubated with a sublytic amount of normal human serum as a source of C, but not with heat-inactivated human serum, showed a time-dependent calcium influx and a concomitant release of 14C-arachidonic acid (14C-AA). Eicosanoid synthesis following the arachidonic acid mobilization was studied as prostaglandin E2 release. Mg2+/EGTA, which did not prevent C activation by the C3-convertase, and p-bromodiphenacyl bromide a phospholipase A2-inhibitor, inhibited mobilization of 14C-AA. These results suggest the activation of an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent, phospholipase A2. Complement fixation was associated with the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Experiments with C6-deficient sera indicated that the release of 14C-AA and the production of cytokines were dependent on the insertion of the terminal components of complement in the plasma membrane. Indeed, the reconstitution of normal haemolytic activity of C6-deficient sera with purified C6 restored also the release of 14C-AA and the production of cytokines. CONCLUSIONS In vitro complement activation on the proximal tubular cell surface triggers the generation of proinflammatory mediators, which may potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S David
- Cattedra di Nefrologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Italy
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Rose NC, Schneider A, McDonald-McGinn DM, Caserta C, Emanuel BS, Zackai EH. Interstitial deletion of 4(q21q25) in a liveborn male. Am J Med Genet 1991; 40:77-9. [PMID: 1887853 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320400115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe a liveborn male with a de novo deletion of 4(q21q25). The findings in this infant are compared with those of other 4q interstitial deletion patients with similar break-points. Given the reproducible findings including skull asymmetry, cardiac defects, renal cysts, "butterfly" vertebrae, as well as a particular dysmorphic face with developmental delay, there is evidence for an interstitial 4q deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Rose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104-4283
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Mussio P, Pietrogrande M, Brambilla F, Caserta C, Cefalo A, Randetti M, Bottoni P, Dioguardi N. Modeling of biological and medical systems: a systemic strategy. Biosystems 1991; 26:31-43. [PMID: 1760533 DOI: 10.1016/0303-2647(91)90035-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A strategy in the frame of General System Theory is proposed for the study of biological systems for medical purposes. Its definition and use requires in each experiment the collaboration between physician and system scientists and hence the definition of a common language, by which the real system under study is described. The strategy is based on three intermingled steps: first an ingenuous model is proposed, gathering all the medical knowledge about the studied system, organized within an informal frame derived from the state space approach. Next, a functional model is derived, enlightening the organization of the relations in the medical model. Finally, this organization is formalized by the most suitable algebraic tools, which are thereafter translated into APL programs. This last version is used for simulation, which is exploited not only as a tool to describe and make provisions on the dynamics of the models, but also to deepen and improve the knowledge about the observed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mussio
- Centro Studi di Medicina Teoretica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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