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Callahan RC, Bhagavatula G, Curry J, Staley AW, Schaefer REM, Minhajuddin F, Zhou L, Neuhart R, Atif SM, Orlicky DJ, Cartwright IM, Gerich M, Theiss AL, Hall CHT, Colgan SP, Onyiah JC. Epithelial heme oxygenase-1 enhances colonic tumorigenesis by inhibiting ferroptosis. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.06.583112. [PMID: 38496569 PMCID: PMC10942430 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.06.583112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer has been linked to chronic colitis and red meat consumption, which can increase colonic iron and heme. Heme oxygenase-1 ( Hmox1 ) metabolizes heme and releases ferrous iron, but its role in colonic tumorigenesis is not well-described. Recent studies suggest that ferroptosis, the iron-dependent form of cell death, protects against colonic tumorigenesis. Ferroptosis culminates in excessive lipid peroxidation that is constrained by the antioxidative glutathione pathway. We observed increased mucosal markers of ferroptosis and glutathione metabolism in the setting of murine and human colitis, as well as murine colonic neoplasia. We obtained similar results in murine and human colonic epithelial organoids exposed to heme and the ferroptosis activator erastin, especially induction of Hmox1 . RNA sequencing of colonic organoids from mice with deletion of intestinal epithelial Hmox1 (Hmox1 ΔIEC ) revealed increased ferroptosis and activated glutathione metabolism after heme exposure. In a colitis-associated cancer model we observed significantly fewer and smaller tumors in Hmox1 ΔIEC mice compared to littermate controls. Transcriptional profiling of Hmox1 ΔIEC tumors and tumor organoids revealed increased ferroptosis and oxidative stress markers in tumor epithelial cells. In total, our findings reveal ferroptosis as an important colitis-associated cancer signature pathway, and Hmox1 as a key regulator in the tumor microenvironment.
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Hall CHT, de Zoeten EF. Understanding very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) in relation to inborn errors of immunity. Immunol Rev 2024; 322:329-338. [PMID: 38115672 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial diseases which are caused by the combination of genetic predisposition, exposure factors (environmental and dietary), immune status, and dysbiosis. IBD is a disease which presents at any age, ranging from newborns to the elderly. The youngest of the pediatric IBD population have a more unique presentation and clinical course and may have a different etiology. Very early onset IBD (VEOIBD) patients, designated as those diagnosed prior the age of 6, have distinct features which are more frequent in this patient population including increased incidence of monogenetic causes for IBD (0%-33% depending on the study). This proportion is increased in the youngest subsets, which is diagnosed prior to the age of 2. To date, there are approximately 80 monogenic causes of VEOIBD that have been identified and published. Many of these monogenic causes are inborn errors of immunity yet the majority of VEOIBD patients do not have an identifiable genetic cause for their disease. In this review, we will focus on the clinical presentation, evaluation, and monogenic categories which have been associated with VEOIBD including (1) Epithelial cell defects (2) Adaptive immune defects, (3) Innate Immune/Bacterial Clearance and Recognition defects, and (4) Hyperinflammatory and autoinflammatory disorders. We will highlight differential diagnosis of VEOIBD presentations, as well as evaluation and treatment, which will be helpful for those who study and care for VEOIBD patients outside of the pediatric gastroenterology field. This is a fast-moving field of research which has grown significantly based on knowledge that we gain from our patients. These scientific findings have identified novel mucosal biology pathways and will continue to inform our understanding of gastrointestinal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H T Hall
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Edwin F de Zoeten
- Mucosal Inflammation Program University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Hall CHT, Lanis JM, Dowdell AS, Murphy EM, Bhagavatula G, Neuhart RM, Vijaya Sai KY, Colgan SP. Fundamental role for the creatine kinase pathway in protection from murine colitis. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:817-825. [PMID: 37716510 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract, including inflammatory bowel disease, cause metabolic stress within mucosal tissue. Creatine is a key energetic regulator. We previously reported a loss of creatine kinases (CKs) and the creatine transporter expression in inflammatory bowel disease patient intestinal biopsy samples and that creatine supplementation was protective in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis mouse model. In the present studies, we evaluated the role of CK loss in active inflammation using the DSS colitis model. Mice lacking expression of CK brain type/CK mitochondrial form (CKdKO) showed increased susceptibility to DSS colitis (weight loss, disease activity, permeability, colon length, and histology). In a broad cytokine profiling, CKdKO mice expressed near absent interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels. We identified losses in IFN-γ production from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from CKdKO mice. Addback of IFN-γ during DSS treatment resulted in partial protection for CKdKO mice. Extensions of these studies identified basal stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor in CKdKO splenocytes and pharmacological stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor resulted in reduced IFN-γ production by control splenocytes. Thus, the loss of IFN-γ production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in CKdKO mice resulted in increased colitis susceptibility and indicates that CK is protective in active mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H T Hall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jordi M Lanis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander S Dowdell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Geetha Bhagavatula
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rane M Neuhart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kiranmayee Yenugudhati Vijaya Sai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Rocky Mountain Veterans Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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Steiner CA, Koch SD, Evanoff T, Welch N, Kostelecky R, Callahan R, Murphy EM, Nguyen TT, Hall CHT, Lu S, de Zoeten EF, Weiser-Evans MCM, Cartwright IM, Colgan SP. The TNF ΔARE Mouse as a Model of Intestinal Fibrosis. Am J Pathol 2023; 193:1013-1028. [PMID: 37169343 PMCID: PMC10433691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Crohn disease (CD) is a highly morbid chronic inflammatory disease. Although many patients with CD also develop fibrostenosing complications, there are no medical therapies for intestinal fibrosis. This is due, in part, to a lack of high-fidelity biomimetic models to enhance understanding and drug development, which highlights the need for developing in vivo models of inflammatory bowel disease-related intestinal fibrosis. This study investigates whether the TNFΔARE mouse, a model of ileal inflammation, also develops intestinal fibrosis. Several clinically relevant outcomes were studied, including features of structural fibrosis, histologic fibrosis, and gene expression. These include the use of a new luminal casting technique, traditional histologic outcomes, use of second harmonic imaging, and quantitative PCR. These features were studied in aged TNFΔARE mice as well as in cohorts of numerous ages. At >24 weeks of age, TNFΔARE mice developed structural, histologic, and transcriptional changes of ileal fibrosis. Protein and RNA expression profiles showed changes as early as 6 weeks, coinciding with histologic changes as early as 14 to 15 weeks. Overt structural fibrosis was delayed until at least 16 weeks and was most developed after 24 weeks. This study found that the TNFΔARE mouse is a viable and highly tractable model of ileal fibrosis. This model and the techniques used herein can be leveraged for both mechanistic studies and therapeutic development for the treatment of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calen A Steiner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Samuel D Koch
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tamara Evanoff
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nichole Welch
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Rachael Kostelecky
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Rosemary Callahan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tom T Nguyen
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Caroline H T Hall
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Edwin F de Zoeten
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mary C M Weiser-Evans
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ian M Cartwright
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
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Steiner CA, Koch SD, Evanoff T, Welch N, Kostelecky R, Callahan R, Murphy EM, Hall CHT, Lu S, Weiser-Evans MC, Cartwright IM, Colgan SP. The TNF ΔARE mouse as a model of intestinal fibrosis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.13.523973. [PMID: 36712048 PMCID: PMC9882211 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.13.523973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims Crohn's disease (CD) is a highly morbid chronic inflammatory disease. The majority of CD patients also develop fibrostenosing complications. Despite this, there are no medical therapies for intestinal fibrosis. This is in part due to lack of high-fidelity biomimetic models to enhance understanding and drug development. There is a need to develop in vivo models of inflammatory bowel disease-related intestinal fibrosis. We sought to determine if the TNF ΔARE mouse, a model of ileal inflammation, may also develop intestinal fibrosis. Methods Several clinically relevant outcomes were studied including features of structural fibrosis, histological fibrosis, and gene expression. These include the use of a luminal casting technique we developed, traditional histological outcomes, use of second harmonic imaging, and quantitative PCR. These features were studied in aged TNF ΔARE mice as well as in cohorts of numerous ages. Results At ages of 24+ weeks, TNF ΔARE mice develop structural, histological, and genetic changes of ileal fibrosis. Genetic expression profiles have changes as early as six weeks, followed by histological changes occurring as early as 14-15 weeks, and overt structural fibrosis delayed until after 24 weeks. Discussion The TNF ΔARE mouse is a viable and highly tractable model of intestinal fibrosis. This model and the techniques employed can be leveraged for both mechanistic studies and therapeutic development for the treatment of intestinal fibrosis.
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Hall CHT, Lee JS, Murphy EM, Gerich ME, Dran R, Glover LE, Abdulla ZI, Skelton MR, Colgan SP. Creatine Transporter, Reduced in Colon Tissues From Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Regulates Energy Balance in Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Epithelial Integrity, and Barrier Function. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:984-998.e1. [PMID: 32433978 PMCID: PMC7891846 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have intestinal barrier dysfunction. Creatine regulates energy distribution within cells and reduces the severity of colitis in mice. We studied the functions of the creatine transporter solute carrier family 6 member 8 (SLC6A8, also called CRT) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and mice, and we measured levels in mucosal biopsies from patients with IBD. METHODS Colon biopsy specimens from patients with IBD (30 with Crohn's disease and 27 with ulcerative colitis) and 30 patients without IBD (control individuals) and colon tissues from mice (with and without disruption of Crt) were analyzed by immunofluorescence, immunoblots, and/or quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). CRT was knocked down or overexpressed in T84 cells, which were analyzed by immunofluorescence, immunoblots, high-performance liquid chromatography (to measure creatine levels), qRT-PCR, transepithelial electrical resistance, barrier function, actin localization, wound healing, mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and glycolysis extracellular acidification rate assays. Organoids from colon cells of CRT-knockout mice and control mice were analyzed by qRT-PCR, immunoblot, and transepithelial electrical resistance. RESULTS CRT localized around tight junctions (TJs) of T84 IECs. In analyses of IECs with CRT knockdown or overexpression, we found that CRT regulates intracellular creatine, barrier formation, and wound healing. CRT-knockout organoids also had diminished barrier formation. In the absence of adequate creatine, IECs transition toward a stressed, glycolysis-predominant form of metabolism; this resulted in leaky TJs and mislocalization of actin and TJ proteins. Colon tissues from patients with IBD had reduced levels of CRT messenger RNA compared with those from control individuals. CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of IEC cell lines and colonoids derived from CRT-knockout mice, we found that CRT regulates energy balance in IECs and thereby epithelial integrity and barrier function. Mucosal biopsy specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis and inactive Crohn's disease have lower levels of CRT, which might contribute to the reduced barrier function observed in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H T Hall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - J Scott Lee
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily M Murphy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark E Gerich
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Rachael Dran
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Louis E Glover
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zuhair I Abdulla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew R Skelton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
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Curtis VF, Cartwright IM, Lee JS, Wang RX, Kao DJ, Lanis JM, Burney KM, Welch N, Hall CHT, Goldberg MS, Campbell EL, Colgan SP. Neutrophils as sources of dinucleotide polyphosphates and metabolism by epithelial ENPP1 to influence barrier function via adenosine signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:2687-2699. [PMID: 30188771 PMCID: PMC6249842 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-06-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine signaling is established as a protective component in mucosal inflammatory responses. The sources of extracellular adenosine include enzymatic processing from nucleotides, such as ATP and AMP, that can be liberated from a variety of cell types, including infiltrating leukocytes. Here we demonstrate that activated human neutrophils are a source of diadenosine triphosphate (Ap3A), providing an additional source of nucleotides during inflammation. Profiling murine enteroids and intestinal epithelial cell lines revealed that intestinal epithelia prominently express apical and lateral ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (ENPP1), a member of the ENPP family of enzymes that metabolize diadenosine phosphates, especially Ap3A. Extensions of these studies demonstrated that intestinal epithelia metabolize Ap3A to ADP and AMP, which are further metabolized to adenosine and made available to activate surface adenosine receptors. Using loss and gain of ENPP1 approaches, we revealed that ENPP1 coordinates epithelial barrier formation and promotes epithelial wound healing responses. These studies demonstrate the cooperative metabolism between Ap3A and ENPP1 function to provide a significant source of adenosine, subserving its role in inflammatory resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie F. Curtis
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Ian M. Cartwright
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - J. Scott Lee
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Ruth X. Wang
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Daniel J. Kao
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jordi M. Lanis
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Krista M. Burney
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Nichole Welch
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Caroline H. T. Hall
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Matthew S. Goldberg
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Eric L. Campbell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
- Rocky Mountain Veterans Affairs Hospital, Denver, CO 80220
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Hall CHT, Kassel R, Tacke RS, Hahn YS. HCV+ hepatocytes induce human regulatory CD4+ T cells through the production of TGF-beta. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12154. [PMID: 20730048 PMCID: PMC2921368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is remarkably efficient at establishing persistent infection and is associated with the development of chronic liver disease. Impaired T cell responses facilitate and maintain persistent HCV infection. Importantly, CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) act by dampening antiviral T cell responses in HCV infection. The mechanism for induction and/or expansion of Tregs in HCV is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings HCV-expressing hepatocytes were used to determine if hepatocytes are able to induce Tregs. The infected liver environment was modeled by establishing the co-culture of the human hepatoma cell line, Huh7.5, containing the full-length genome of HCV genotype 1a (Huh7.5-FL) with activated CD4+ T cells. The production of IFN-γ was diminished following co-culture with Huh7.5-FL as compared to controls. Notably, CD4+ T cells in contact with Huh7.5-FL expressed an increased level of the Treg markers, CD25, Foxp3, CTLA-4 and LAP, and were able to suppress the proliferation of effector T cells. Importantly, HCV+ hepatocytes upregulated the production of TGF-β and blockade of TGF-β abrogated Treg phenotype and function. Conclusions/Significance These results demonstrate that HCV infected hepatocytes are capable of directly inducing Tregs development and may contribute to impaired host T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H. T. Hall
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Rachel Kassel
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Tacke
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Young S. Hahn
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Waggoner SN, Hall CHT, Hahn YS. HCV core protein interaction with gC1q receptor inhibits Th1 differentiation of CD4+ T cells via suppression of dendritic cell IL-12 production. J Leukoc Biol 2007; 82:1407-19. [PMID: 17881511 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0507268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection display an impaired capacity to generate type 1 CD4(+) T cell immunity. Several reports have described an immunomodulatory function for the HCV core protein, and circulating core has been shown to associate with the putative gC1q receptor, gC1qR, expressed on host immune cells. However, the molecular mechanism(s) of HCV core-mediated DC dysfunction has not been defined. Herein, ligation of gC1qR on human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) with HCV core or anti-gC1qR agonist antibody was shown to inhibit TLR-induced IL-12 production but not the production of other TLR-stimulated cytokines. Furthermore, engagement of gC1qR on MDDCs resulted in reduced IFN-gamma secretion by allogeneic CD4(+) T lymphocytes during mixed lymphocyte culture. Differentiation of CD4(+) T cells cocultured with HCV core- or anti-gC1qR antibody-treated MDDCs was also skewed toward production of Th2 cytokines, including IL-4. Importantly, that addition of IL-12 rescued IFN-gamma production and Th1 differentiation by CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, engagement of gC1qR on DCs by HCV core limits the induction of Th1 responses and may contribute to viral persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen N Waggoner
- Department of Microbiology, Beirne Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
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