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Lidenge SJ, Yalcin D, Bennett SJ, Ngalamika O, Kweyamba BB, Mwita CJ, Tso FY, Mwaiselage J, West JT, Wood C. Viral Epitope Scanning Reveals Correlation between Seasonal HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses among Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients. Viruses 2024; 16:448. [PMID: 38543814 PMCID: PMC10975915 DOI: 10.3390/v16030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known to contribute to cross-reactive antibody (Ab) responses against SARS-CoV-2. While these responses are predictable due to the high homology between SARS-CoV-2 and other CoVs, the impact of these responses on susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients is unclear. To investigate the influence of prior HCoV infection on anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses among COVID-19 asymptomatic individuals with cancer and controls without cancers, we utilized the VirScan technology in which phage immunoprecipitation and sequencing (PhIP-seq) of longitudinal plasma samples was performed to investigate high-resolution (i.e., epitope level) humoral CoV responses. Despite testing positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab in the plasma, a majority of the participants were asymptomatic for COVID-19 with no prior history of COVID-19 diagnosis. Although the magnitudes of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses were lower in individuals with Kaposi sarcoma (KS) compared to non-KS cancer individuals and those without cancer, the HCoV Ab repertoire was similar between individuals with and without cancer independent of age, sex, HIV status, and chemotherapy. The magnitudes of the anti-spike HCoV responses showed a strong positive association with those of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike in cancer patients, and only a weak association in non-cancer patients, suggesting that prior infection with HCoVs might play a role in limiting SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salum J. Lidenge
- Department of Clinical Research, Training, and Consultancy, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (B.B.K.); (J.M.)
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - Dicle Yalcin
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (D.Y.); (S.J.B.); (F.Y.T.); (J.T.W.)
| | - Sydney J. Bennett
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (D.Y.); (S.J.B.); (F.Y.T.); (J.T.W.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, USA
| | - Owen Ngalamika
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, University Teaching Hospital, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka P.O. Box 50001, Zambia;
| | - Brenda B. Kweyamba
- Department of Clinical Research, Training, and Consultancy, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (B.B.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Chacha J. Mwita
- Department of Clinical Research, Training, and Consultancy, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (B.B.K.); (J.M.)
| | - For Yue Tso
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (D.Y.); (S.J.B.); (F.Y.T.); (J.T.W.)
| | - Julius Mwaiselage
- Department of Clinical Research, Training, and Consultancy, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (B.B.K.); (J.M.)
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - John T. West
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (D.Y.); (S.J.B.); (F.Y.T.); (J.T.W.)
| | - Charles Wood
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (D.Y.); (S.J.B.); (F.Y.T.); (J.T.W.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, USA
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Mduma E, Dharsee N, Samwel K, Mwita CJ, Lidenge SJ. Clinicopathological Characteristics and Outcomes of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients With and Without HIV Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2200394. [PMID: 37216622 PMCID: PMC10497265 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the past 20 years, the burden of anal cancer (AC) increased by 60% in the United States and over three-fold in Africa. Rates of AC have increased by 20× in people living with HIV and the highest (50×) in men with HIV who have sex with men. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where HIV is endemic, data on clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with AC are lacking. To address this, we have investigated AC disease presentation, treatment outcomes, and its predictors in a cohort of patients who were either HIV-infected or HIV-uninfected in SSA. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated at Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from January 2014 to December 2019. Associations between the study outcomes and their predictors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis models. RESULTS A total of 59 patients with anal SCC were retrieved and had at least 2-year follow-up. The mean age was 53.9 (standard deviation ±10.5) years. While none of the patients presented with stage I disease, 64.4% had locally advanced disease. HIV infection was the major comorbidity (64.4%). The rate of complete remission at the end of treatment was at 49% while the 2-year overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival were 86.4% and 91.3%, respectively. Despite high HIV coinfection in the cohort, AC treatment outcomes were not significantly associated with HIV status. Disease stage (P = .012) and grade (P = .030) were significantly associated with 2-year OS. CONCLUSION Patients with anal SCC in Tanzania present mainly with locally advanced disease associated with high HIV prevalence. In this cohort, the SCC grade was independently associated with treatment outcomes unlike other factors such as HIV coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mduma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Arusha Lutheran Medical Centre, Arusha, Tanzania
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Nazima Dharsee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Academic, Research, and Consultancy Unit, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Kandali Samwel
- Academic, Research, and Consultancy Unit, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Chacha J. Mwita
- Academic, Research, and Consultancy Unit, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Salum J. Lidenge
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Academic, Research, and Consultancy Unit, Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Tso FY, Lidenge SJ, Ngowi JR, Peña PB, Clegg AA, Ngalamika O, Mwita CJ, Mwaiselage J, Wood C. Lower SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Cancer Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154428. [PMID: 35956046 PMCID: PMC9369079 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates across the world, the reported rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which has a higher burden of other infectious diseases and overwhelmed healthcare systems, remain relatively low. This study aims to better understand the potential factors that contribute to this phenomenon, especially among cancer patients who are considered as a high-risk group for developing severe COVID-19. METHODS Plasma samples collected during the COVID-19 pandemic from SARS-CoV-2 unvaccinated cancer and potential blood donor populations were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 (spike and nucleocapsid proteins) antibodies by an immunofluorescence assay. The relationships between SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalences and study variables were determined using a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS High seroprevalence against the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins were found among the SARS-CoV-2 unvaccinated COVID-19 pandemic populations in SSA. However, the cancer patients demonstrated a lower seroprevalence compared to potential blood donors. There was also an association between mild COVID-19 symptoms with prior tuberculosis vaccination among cancer patients. CONCLUSION Cancer patients in SSA tend to have a relatively lower SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence compared to potential blood donors recruited from the same geographic locations during the COVID-19 pandemic. More study is required to determine its cause and potential impact on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- For Yue Tso
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, and the Stanley S Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Salum J. Lidenge
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (J.R.N.); (C.J.M.); (J.M.)
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - John R. Ngowi
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (J.R.N.); (C.J.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Phoebe B. Peña
- Nebraska Center for Virology, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (P.B.P.); (A.A.C.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Ashley A. Clegg
- Nebraska Center for Virology, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; (P.B.P.); (A.A.C.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Owen Ngalamika
- Dermatology and Venereology Section, University Teaching Hospitals, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia;
| | - Chacha J. Mwita
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (J.R.N.); (C.J.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Julius Mwaiselage
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 3592, Tanzania; (S.J.L.); (J.R.N.); (C.J.M.); (J.M.)
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - Charles Wood
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, and the Stanley S Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Maganira JD, Mwang'onde BJ, Kidima W, Mwita CJ, Höglund J. Seroprevalence of circulating taeniid antigens in pigs and associated risk factors in Kongwa district, Tanzania. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2019; 7:e00123. [PMID: 31872092 PMCID: PMC6911909 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate exposure to porcine cysticercosis (PC) and associated risk factors in the Kongwa District, eastern-central Tanzania. For the first time a cross-sectional investigation of the seroprevalence in pigs using a commercial genus specific cysticercosis enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (apDia Ag-ELISA) was undertaken in eastern-central Tanzania. Moreover, the identity of suspected T. solium cysts from pigs in the study area were confirmed by sequencing parasites' mitochondrial cox1 gene. Structured questionnaires and direct observations were used to investigate risk factors associated with parasite transmission. A total of 102 pig-keeping households were surveyed during the dry season between July and August 2017 and 126 households in the rainy season between March and April 2018. Of the 447 examined pigs, 77 (17%, 95% C.I. 14%-20%) tested positive in the ELISA. Seroprevalence was higher in pigs examined during the rainy (21%, 95% C.I. 16%-26%) than dry (12%, 95% C.I. 7%-17%) season (p = 0.019). Eight cyst-positive-pigs were confirmed to be infected with T. solium by sequencing. Risk factors associated with PC seropositivity included origin of piglets or pigs (OR = 0.27, 95% C.I. 0.13-0.42, p = 0.001), socioeconomic factors and pig production system (OR = 0.22, 95% C.I. 0.07-0.37, p = 0.005) and sanitation and hygiene practices (OR = 0.19, 95% C.I. 0.04-0.34, p = 0.014). This study has recorded a high Taenia spp. seroprevalence in pigs in Kongwa suggesting the presence of people in the community carrying the adult parasite, Taenia solium. Our findings also suggest risk of infection by T. solium to people in urban centres and cities consuming pigs from rural areas in Kongwa. The high seroprevalence in Kongwa calls for further studies on taeniasis and cysticercosis in the human population in order to determine suitable control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine D Maganira
- Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.,Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35064, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7036, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Beda J Mwang'onde
- Department of Biosciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Winifrida Kidima
- Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35064, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Chacha J Mwita
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar Es Salaam, P.O. Box 35064, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Johan Höglund
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7036, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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