1
|
Lin PH, Wang MY, Lo C, Tsai LW, Yen TC, Huang TY, Huang WC, Yang K, Chen CK, Fan SC, Kuo SH, Huang CS. Circulating Tumor DNA as a Predictive Marker of Recurrence for Patients With Stage II-III Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736769. [PMID: 34868925 PMCID: PMC8632818 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with stage II to III breast cancer have a high recurrence rate. The early detection of recurrent breast cancer remains a major unmet need. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been proven to be a marker of disease progression in metastatic breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ctDNA in the setting of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Methods Plasma was sampled at the initial diagnosis (defined as before NAT) and after breast surgery and neoadjuvant therapy(defined as after NAT). We extracted ctDNA from the plasma and performed deep sequencing of a target gene panel. ctDNA positivity was marked by the detection of alterations, such as mutations and copy number variations. Results A total of 95 patients were enrolled in this study; 60 patients exhibited ctDNA positivity before NAT, and 31 patients exhibited ctDNA positivity after NAT. A pathologic complete response (pCR) was observed in 13 patients, including one ER(+)Her2(-) patient, six Her2(+) patients and six triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Among the entire cohort, multivariate analysis showed that N3 classification and ctDNA positivity after NAT were independent risk factors that predicted recurrence (N3, hazard ratio (HR) 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26 – 8.87, p = 0.016; ctDNA, HR 4.29, 95% CI 2.06 – 8.92, p < 0.0001). The presence of ctDNA before NAT did not affect the rate of recurrence-free survival. For patients with Her2(+) or TNBC, patients who did not achieve pCR were associated with a trend of higher recurrence (p = 0.105). Advanced nodal status and ctDNA positivity after NAT were significant risk factors for recurrence (N2 – 3, HR 3.753, 95% CI 1.146 – 12.297, p = 0.029; ctDNA, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.139 – 8.564, p = 0.027). Two patients who achieved pCR had ctDNA positivity after NAT; one TNBC patient had hepatic metastases six months after surgery, and one Her2(+) breast cancer patient had brain metastasis 13 months after surgery. Conclusions This study suggested that the presence of ctDNA after NAT is a robust marker for predicting relapse in stage II to III breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao Lo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Yen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Yoyan Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Karen Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chih Fan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsin Kuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin PH, Chen M, Tsai LW, Lo C, Yen TC, Huang TY, Chen CK, Fan SC, Kuo SH, Huang CS. Using next-generation sequencing to redefine BRCAness in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1375-1384. [PMID: 31958182 PMCID: PMC7156820 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCAness is considered a predictive biomarker to platinum and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. However, recent trials showed that its predictive value was limited in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with platinum. Moreover, tumors with mutations of DNA damage response (DDR) genes, such as homologous recombination (HR) genes, could be sensitive to platinum and PARP inhibitors. Thus, we aim to explore the relationship between mutation status of DDR genes and BRCAness in TNBC. We sequenced 56 DDR genes in 120 TNBC and identified BRCAness by array comparative genomic hybridization. The sequencing results showed that 13, 14, and 14 patients had BRCA, non‐BRCA HR, and non‐HR DDR gene mutations, respectively. Array comparative genomic hybridization revealed that BRCA‐mutated and HR gene‐mutated TNBC shared similar BRCAness features, both having higher numbers and longer length of large‐scale structural aberration (LSA, >10 Mb) and similar altered chromosomal regions of LSA. These suggested non‐BRCA HR gene‐mutated TNBC shared similar characteristics with BRCA‐mutated TNBC, indicating non‐BRCA HR gene‐mutated TNBC sensitive to platinum and PARP inhibitors. Among tumors with mutation of non‐HR DDR genes, 3 PTEN and 1 MSH6 mutation also contained significant LSAs (BRCAness); however, they had different regions of genomic alteration to BRCA and HR gene‐mutated tumors, might explain prior findings that PTEN‐ and MSH6‐mutated cancer cells not sensitive to PARP inhibitors. Therefore, we hypothesize that the heterogeneous genomic background of BRCAness indicates different responsiveness to platinum and PARP inhibitors. Direct sequencing DDR genes in TNBC should be applied to predict their sensitivity toward platinum and PARP inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao Lo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Yen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Yoyan Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chih Fan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsin Kuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hung KF, Liao PC, Chen CK, Chiu YT, Cheng DH, Kawasumi M, Kao SY, Lo JF. ASB6 Promotes the Stemness Properties and Sustains Metastatic Potential of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Attenuating ER Stress. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1080-1090. [PMID: 31182927 PMCID: PMC6535794 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.31484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Up-regulation of ASB6 has been previously associated with late-stage and poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. To explore the cellular and molecular basis of how ASB6 enhances the malignancy of OSCC, we employed the clonogenicity and migration assays, murine pulmonary metastasis model, Western blot, and immunofluorescence microscopy to characterize the phenotypes of OSCC cells with lentiviral-based stable overexpression or knockdown of ASB6. We found that ASB6 overexpression increases, whereas ASB6 knockdown decreases, the potential of tumor-sphere formation, colony formation, and expression of Oct-4 and Nanog. While knockdown of ASB6 decreases cell migration in vitro and lung metastasis in mice, the migratory potential was however not promoted by ASB6 overexpression. ASB6 knockdown down-regulates the level of vimentin, and the loss of filopodia formation became more prominent following CRISPR/Cas9-directed knockout of ASB6. Moreover, ASB6 was up-regulated when cells were grown in selective condition featured with a collateral effect of enhancing intracellular stress, and the level of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was further increased by knockdown of ASB6. Thus, ASB6 may attenuate ER stress that would otherwise accumulate and subsequently impede the potential of cells to acquire or sustain the stemness properties and metastatic capacity, thereby enhancing the malignancy of OSCC by increasing the population of cancer stem or stem-like cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Feng Hung
- Department of Medical Research, Division of Translational Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chen Liao
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Chiu
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Hui Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masaoki Kawasumi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Shou-Yen Kao
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fan Lo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science and Institute of Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Progression Center of Excellence, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chiu YT, Chen CK. Fashion luxury industry is not business as usual: An anti-business model. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2018.1453679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Teen Chiu
- Department of Culture and Creative Industry Management, National Taipei University of Education, No. 134, Sec. 2, Ho-Ping E.Rd. Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Department of Culture and Creative Industry Management, National Taipei University of Education, No. 134, Sec. 2, Ho-Ping E.Rd. Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chiu YT, Chen CK. Multidimensional causality between industry structure and industry strength on architecture design industry. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2017.1364891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Teen Chiu
- Department of Cultural and Creative Industry Management, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Department of Cultural and Creative Industry Management, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen CK, Su HH, Sun IW. Psychiatrists' Attitude and Use of Second-generation Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia in Taiwan. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2017; 27:91-96. [PMID: 28993541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This survey aimed to understand the attitude of psychiatrists and their use of commonly prescribed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) for the treatment of schizophrenia in Taiwan. It also attempted to identify the factors that might influence their preference for selecting SGAs. METHODS Psychiatrists were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire addressed various issues involved in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, including the reasons for selecting SGAs, psychiatrists' level of satisfaction with commonly prescribed SGAs, and their current use of SGAs in clinical practice. RESULTS Gender and age of the psychiatrists, and practice setting were not related to SGA selection. The selection of a SGA might be influenced by characteristics of the psychiatrist, properties of the drugs, and the healthcare insurance system. Most psychiatrists agreed that the performance of brand-name drugs was superior to that of generic drugs. Better symptom control, improvement in cognition, and higher tolerability were among the major factors considered by psychiatrists in Taiwan when prescribing antipsychotics. CONCLUSION Selection of a SGA in Taiwan is potentially influenced by the characteristics of the psychiatrist, properties of the drug, and the healthcare insurance system. Efficacy and tolerability were among the major determining factors when prescribing antipsychotics for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H H Su
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I W Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang CF, Hsu LS, Weng CY, Chen CK, Wang SY, Chou YH, Liu YY, Yuan ZX, Huang WY, Lin H, Chen YH, Tsai JN. N-Glycosylation of Human R-Spondin 1 Is Required for Efficient Secretion and Stability but Not for Its Heparin Binding Ability. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060937. [PMID: 27314333 PMCID: PMC4926470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
R-spondin 1 (Rspo1) plays an essential role in stem cell biology by potentiating Wnt signaling activity. Despite the fact that Rspo1 holds therapeutic potential for a number of diseases, its biogenesis is not fully elucidated. All Rspo proteins feature two amino-terminal furin-like repeats, which are responsible for Wnt signal potentiation, and a thrombospondin type 1 (TSR1) domain that can provide affinity towards heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Using chemical inhibitors, deglycosylase and site-directed mutagenesis, we found that human Rspo1 and Rspo3 are both N-glycosylated at N137, a site near the C-terminus of the furin repeat 2 domain, and Rspo2 is N-glycosylated at N160, a position near the N-terminus of TSR1 domain. Elimination of N-glycosylation at these sites affects their accumulation in media but have no effect on the ability towards heparin. Introduction of the N-glycosylation site to Rspo2 mutant at the position homologous to N137 in Rspo1 restored full glycosylation and rescued the accumulation defect of nonglycosylated Rspo2 mutant in media. Similar effect can be observed in the N137 Rspo1 or Rspo3 mutant engineered with Rspo2 N-glycosylation site. The results highlight the importance of N-glycosylation at these two positions in efficient folding and secretion of Rspo family. Finally, we further showed that human Rspo1 is subjected to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control in N-glycan-dependent manner. While N-glycan of Rspo1 plays a role in its intracellular stability, it had little effect on secreted Rspo1. Our findings provide evidence for the critical role of N-glycosylation in the biogenesis of Rspo1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Fang Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chieh-Yu Weng
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Kai Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hwa Chou
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Zi-Xiu Yuan
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ying Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cai MS, Jiang S, Mo CC, Wang JL, Huang JL, Zeng ZC, Li XW, Yang YJ, Chen CK, Cui W, Li ML. Preparation and identification of an antiserum against recombinant UL31 protein of pseudorabies virus. Acta Virol 2015; 59:295-9. [PMID: 26435153 DOI: 10.4149/av_2015_03_295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) early protein UL31 is a homologue of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) UL31, which is a multifunctional protein important for HSV-1 infection. However, the precise roles of PRV UL31 in virus life cycle are still poorly understood. A relatively crucial tool for uncovering the function of UL31 is an antiserum that specifically detects UL31 in the PRV-infected cells. For this purpose, a recombinant UL31 protein consisting of N-terminal 27 aa of UL31 fused to EYFP and His-tag was expressed, purified and used for the preparation of antiserum in BALB/c mice. Our results show that Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay showed that this antiserum could specifically detect the purified recombinant UL31 as well as full-length UL31 in the PRV infected cells. These results demonstrate that the prepared antiserum could serve as a valuable tool for further studies of UL31 functions in PRV infection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin CF, Chen YJ, Yang ZQ, Shi K, Chen CK. A genome-wide association study of growth trait-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in Chinese Yancheng chickens. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:15783-92. [PMID: 26634546 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chicken (Gallus gallus) growth traits are important economic traits, and many studies have been conducted on genetic selection for body weight. However, most of these studies have detected functional chromosome mutations or regions by conventional molecular markers or gene chips. In this study, we performed a new genome-wide association study using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technology in purebred Yancheng chickens. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated with phenotypic traits were identified by GAPIT-compressed mixed linear models. Eighteen SNP markers reached 5% Bonferroni genome-wide significance. A region spanning 72.3 to 82.1 Mb on GGA4 had a strong influence on growth traits. Four genes (FAM184B, KCNIP4, MIR15A, and GLI3) were closely associated with body weight. Some SNPs were coincident with previously reported quantitative trait locus regions. Our results would promote the researches of Chinese chickens and accelerate the utilization of Chinese chicken, specially Yancheng chicken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C F Jin
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yanchen and Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, China
| | - Y J Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yanchen and Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, China
| | - Z Q Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yanchen and Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, China
| | - K Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yanchen and Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, China
| | - C K Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yanchen and Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen CK, Manlhiot C, Conway J, Allain-Rooney T, McCrindle BW, Tinckam K, Dipchand AI. Development and Impact of De Novo Anti-HLA Antibodies in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:2215-22. [PMID: 25784138 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that de novo anti-HLA antibodies, more specifically de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSA) following solid organ transplantation may be associated with negative outcomes including rejection in the first year and graft loss. Limited data are available in pediatric heart transplant recipients. We sought to prospectively determine the incidence, class and early impact of de novo anti-HLA antibodies in a cohort of pediatric heart transplant recipients. Serial panel reactive antibody testing posttransplant was performed in 25 patients (14 males) transplanted between January 2008 and June 2010. Five patients were sensitized pretransplant; all patients had negative direct crossmatch. Seventy-two percent developed de novo anti-HLA antibodies at a median of 2.6 weeks (IQR 1.2 weeks to 6.2 months) posttransplant; 67% of these were DSA. The majority of recipients in our cohort developed de novo anti-HLA antibodies within the first year posttransplant, with two-thirds being donor-specific. Acute cellular rejection, though frequent, was not different in patients with antibody development regardless of class or specificity, and there was no antibody-mediated rejection, graft loss or early cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Manlhiot
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Allain-Rooney
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - B W McCrindle
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Tinckam
- Department of Medicine and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A I Dipchand
- Department of Pediatrics, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Chiu YT, Chen CK. Linear Structural Cross-Group Relationship between Social Capital and National Competitiveness. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2013.867705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
13
|
Chen CK, Phui VE. The efficacy of ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2011.10872797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- CK Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia
| | - VE Phui
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen YL, Kuo LC, Tseng ML, Chen HM, Chen CK, Huang HJ, Liu RS, Tsai DP. ZnO nanorod optical disk photocatalytic reactor for photodegradation of methyl orange. Opt Express 2013; 21:7240-9. [PMID: 23546108 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.007240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and efficient photocatalytic reactor for environmental treatment and green technology was presented. ZnO nanorods firmly growing on polycarbonate optical disk substrate are generally perpendicular to the substrate as the immobilized photocatalyst of the spinning disk reactor. The photocatalytic efficiency and durability of the ZnO nanorods are effectively demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lim Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Su Q, Han S, Xie X, Zhu H, Chen H, Chen CK, Liu RS, Chen X, Wang F, Liu X. The effect of surface coating on energy migration-mediated upconversion. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:20849-57. [PMID: 23210614 DOI: 10.1021/ja3111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles have been the focus of a growing body of investigation because of their promising applications ranging from data storage to biological imaging and drug delivery. Here we present the rational design, synthesis, and characterization of a new class of core-shell upconversion nanoparticles displaying unprecedented optical properties. Specifically, we show that the epitaxial growth of an optically inert NaYF(4) layer around a lanthanide-doped NaGdF(4)@NaGdF(4) core-shell nanoparticle effectively prevents surface quenching of excitation energy. At room temperature, the energy migrates over Gd sublattices and is adequately trapped by the activator ions embedded in host lattices. Importantly, the NaYF(4) shell-coating strategy gives access to tunable upconversion emissions from a variety of activators (Dy(3+), Sm(3+), Tb(3+), and Eu(3+)) doped at very low concentrations (down to 1 mol %). Our mechanistic investigations make possible, for the first time, the realization of efficient emissions from Tb(3+) and Eu(3+) activators that are doped homogeneously with Yb(3+)/Tm(3+) ions. The advances on these luminescent nanomaterials offer exciting opportunities for important biological and energy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen CK, Chiu YT. Application of hierarchical linear growth modeling on social capital competitiveness. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2012.10701634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Chen CK. Application of hierarchical linear modeling on structure and performance in culture industry. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2012.10701635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
Lo HM, Chiang CF, Tsao HC, Pai TY, Liu MH, Kurniawan TA, Chao KP, Liou CT, Lin KC, Chang CY, Wang SC, Banks CJ, Lin CY, Liu WF, Chen PH, Chen CK, Chiu HY, Wu HY, Chao TW, Chen YR, Liou DW, Lo FC. Effects of spiked metals on the MSW anaerobic digestion. Waste Manag Res 2012; 30:32-48. [PMID: 20880938 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x10383079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight metals on the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) in bioreactors. Anaerobic bioreactors containing 200 mL MSW mixed completely with 200 m L sludge seeding. Ca and K (0, 1000, 2000 and 6,000 mg L(-1)) and Cr, Ni, Zn, Co, Mo and W (0, 5, 50 and 100 mg L(-1)) of various dose were added to anaerobic bioreactors to examine their anaerobic digestion performance. Results showed that except K and Zn, Ca (~728 to ~1,461 mg L(-1)), Cr (~0.0022 to ~0.0212 mg L(-1)), Ni (~0.801 to ~5.362 mg L(-1)), Co (~0.148 to ~0.580 mg L(-1)), Mo (~0.044 to ~52.94 mg L(-1)) and W (~0.658 to ~40.39 mg L(-1)) had the potential to enhance the biogas production. On the other hand, except Mo and W, inhibitory concentrations IC(50) of Ca, K, Cr, Ni, Zn and Co were found to be ~3252, ~2097, ~0.124, ~7.239, ~0.482, ~8.625 mg L(-1), respectively. Eight spiked metals showed that they were adsorbed by MSW to a different extent resulting in different liquid metals levels and potential stimulation and inhibition on MSW anaerobic digestion. These results were discussed and compared to results from literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and anagement, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong Township, Taichung County, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Chen CK, Yeh LJ, Chiu MC. A study of mechanical property for a type of shape memory alloy. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2011.10700091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
21
|
Chen CK. Cross nation analysis on culture industry and intellectual property. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2011.10700090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
22
|
Chen CK. Social capital and national competitiveness. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2011.10701558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
Chen CK. Application of multidimensional scaling on culture industry. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2011.10701559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
24
|
Chen HC, Chen CK, Yang TH, Kuo LC, Jou IM, Su FC, Sun YN. Model-based segmentation of flexor tendons from magnetic resonance images of finger joints. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2011:8009-8012. [PMID: 22256199 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6091975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Trigger finger is a common hand disease, causing swelling, painful popping and clicking in moving the affected finger joint. To better evaluate patients with trigger finger, segmentation of flexor tendons from magnetic resonance (MR) images of finger joints, which can offer detailed structural information of tendons to clinicians, is essential. This paper presents a novel model-based method with three stages for automatically segmenting the flexor tendons. In the first stage, a set of tendon contour models (TCMs) is initialized from the most proximal cross-sectional image via two-step ellipse estimation. Each of the TCMs is then propagated to its distally adjacent image by affine registration. The propagation is sequentially performed along the proximal-distal direction until the most distal image is reached, as the second stage of segmentation. The TCMs on each cross-sectional image are refined in the last stage with the snake deformation. MR volumes of three subjects were used to validate the segmentation accuracy. Compared with the manual results, our method showed good accuracy with small average margins of errors (within 0.5 mm) and large overlapping ratio (dice similarity coefficient above 0.8). Overall, the proposed method has great potential for morphological change assessment of flexor tendons and pulley-tendon system modeling for image guided surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H C Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lo HM, Kurniawan TA, Sillanpää MET, Pai TY, Chiang CF, Chao KP, Liu MH, Chuang SH, Banks CJ, Wang SC, Lin KC, Lin CY, Liu WF, Cheng PH, Chen CK, Chiu HY, Wu HY. Modeling biogas production from organic fraction of MSW co-digested with MSWI ashes in anaerobic bioreactors. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:6329-6335. [PMID: 20400299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the effects of MSW incinerator fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) on the anaerobic co-digestion of OFMSW with FA or BA. It also simulates the biogas production from various dosed and control bioreactors. Results showed that suitable ashes addition (FA/MSW 10 and 20 g L(-1) and BA/MSW 100 g L(-1)) could improve the MSW anaerobic digestion and enhance the biogas production rates. FA/MSW 20 g L(-1) bioreactor had the higher biogas production and rate implying the potential option for MSW anaerobic co-digestion. Modeling studies showed that exponential plot simulated better for FA/MSW 10 g L(-1) and control bioreactors while Gaussian plot was applicable for FA/MSW 20 g L(-1) one. Linear and exponential plot of descending limb both simulated better for BA/MSW 100 g L(-1) bioreactor. Modified Gompertz plot showed higher correlation of biogas accumulation than exponential rise to maximum plot for all bioreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Lo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung County, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen CK. Short-form knowledge-based economy scorecards. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2010.10699996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
27
|
Chen CK. Construct validity of knowledge-based economy indicators. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2009.10701411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
28
|
Chen CK. Cross-group analysis of knowledge-based economy indicators. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2008.10699856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
29
|
Chen CK, Wan SH, Kou SK. A rare cutaneous fungal infection complicating bacterial necrotising fasciitis. Hong Kong Med J 2008; 14:314-316. [PMID: 18685166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of bacterial necrotising fasciitis complicated by the rare fungus Absidia corymbifera. Although this fungal infection is rare, the prognosis is poor and it therefore requires attention. Only 30 cases have been reported since 1874, and we are the first group to report this clinical scenario in our locality. Using a comprehensive journal review, we discuss the expected clinical course and optimal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu SH, Chu NK, Liu YC, Chen CK, Tang SFT, Cheng CK. Relationship between the EMG ratio of muscle activation and bony structure in osteoarthritic knee patients with and without patellar malalignment. J Rehabil Med 2008; 40:381-6. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
31
|
Su TH, Chang TY, Lee YJ, Chen CK, Liu HF, Chu CC, Lin M, Wang PT, Huang WC, Chen TC, Yang YC. CTLA-4 gene and susceptibility to human papillomavirus-16-associated cervical squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwanese women. Carcinogenesis 2007; 28:1237-40. [PMID: 17341658 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered to be a necessary but not sufficient cause for cervical cancer. The host immunogenetic background plays an important role in the persistence of HPV infection and subsequent development of cervical cancer. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a molecule expressed mainly on activated T cells and is important in the down-regulation of T-cell activation. The aim of this study was to determine if polymorphisms of the CTLA-4 gene are associated with HPV-induced cervical cancer in Taiwanese women. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype -318 C/T, +49 A/G and CT60 A/G polymorphisms in 144 women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and 378 ethnicity-matched healthy control women. The presence and genotypes of HPV in CSCC were determined by E6-, E7-based nested polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of C/T genotype of -318 C/T polymorphism was significantly higher in patients with HPV-16-positive CSCC compared with controls (odds ratio = 1.99, 95% confidence interval = 1.16-3.42, P(c) = 0.03). No significant associations were found for +49 A/G and CT60 A/G polymorphisms. Analysis of haplotypes, computationally inferred from genotype data, also revealed no significant differences in distribution among all subjects with CSCC, those with HPV-16-positive CSCC and controls. Our results suggest that the -318 C/T variant in the promoter region of the CTLA-4 gene is associated with HPV-16-associated CSCC in Taiwanese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hsien Su
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamshui, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen JM, Lu KT, Lee JM, Chen CK, Haw SC. Dissociation dynamics of positive-ion and negative-ion fragments of gaseous and condensed Si(CH(3))(2)Cl(2) via Si 2p, Cl 2p, and Cl 1s core-level excitations. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:214303. [PMID: 17166017 DOI: 10.1063/1.2400229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The state-selective positive-ion and negative-ion dissociation pathways of gaseous and condensed Si(CH(3))(2)Cl(2) following Cl 2p, Cl 1s, and Si 2p core-level excitations have been characterized. The excitations to a specific antibonding state (15a(1) (*) state) of gaseous Si(CH(3))(2)Cl(2) at the Cl 2p, Cl 1s, and Si 2p edges produce significant enhancement of fragment ions. This ion enhancement at specific core-excited states correlates closely with the ion kinetic energy distribution. The results deduced from ion kinetic energy distribution are consistent with results of quantum-chemical calculations on Si(CH(3))(2)Cl(2) using the ADF package. The Cl(-) desorption yields for Si(CH(3))(2)Cl(2)Si(100) at approximately 90 K are notably enhanced at the 15a(1) (*) resonance at both Cl 2p and Si 2p edges. The resonant enhancement of Cl(-) yield occurs through the formation of highly excited states of the adsorbed molecules. These results provide insight into the state-selective ionic fragmentation of molecules via core-level excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Clark CS, Rampal KG, Thuppil V, Chen CK, Clark R, Roda S. The lead content of currently available new residential paint in several Asian countries. Environ Res 2006; 102:9-12. [PMID: 16782088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide prohibitions on lead gasoline additives were a major international public health accomplishment, the results of which are still being documented in parts of the world. Although the need to remove lead from paints has been recognized for over a century, evidence reported in this article indicates that lead-based paints for household use, some containing more than 10% lead, are readily available for purchase in some of the largest countries in the world. Sixty-six percent of new paint samples from China, India, and Malaysia were found to contain 5000 ppm (0.5%) or more of lead, the US definition of lead-based paint in existing housing, and 78% contained 600 ppm (0.06%) or more, the limit for new paints. In contrast, the comparable levels in a nearby developed country, Singapore, were 0% and 9%. In examining lead levels in paints of the same brands purchased in different countries, it was found that some brands had lead-based paints in one of the countries and paints meeting US limits in another; another had lead-free paint available in all countries where samples were obtained. Lead-based paints have already poisoned millions of children and likely will cause similar damage in the future as paint use increases as countries in Asia and elsewhere continue their rapid development. The ready availability of lead-based paints documented in this article provides stark evidence of the urgent need for efforts to accomplish an effective worldwide ban on the use of lead in paint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Clark
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bloomfield AL, Chen CK, French LR. BASAL GASTRIC SECRETION AS A CLINICAL TEST OF GASTRIC FUNCTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PEPTIC ULCER. J Clin Invest 2006; 19:863-9. [PMID: 16694801 PMCID: PMC435020 DOI: 10.1172/jci101188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A L Bloomfield
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, San Francisco
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
The biochemical cascade which transduces light into a neuronal signal in retinal photoreceptors is a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein) signaling pathway called phototransduction. Works from psychophysicists, electrophysiologists, biochemists, and geneticists over several decades have come together to shape our understanding of how photon absorption leads to photoreceptor membrane hyperpolarization. The insights of phototransduction provide the foundation for a mechanistic account of signaling from many other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) found throughout nature. The application of reverse genetic techniques has strengthened many historic findings and helped to describe this pathway at greater molecular details. However, many important questions remain to be answered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biochemistry, 1101 E. Marshall Street, Rm 2-032, Richmond, 23298-0614 VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang CW, Horng SG, Chen CK, Huang HY, Soong YK. AC-008 Use of an aromatase inhibitor and alternate-day gonadotrophin in superovulatory cycles for intrauterine insemination in patients with a thin endometrium. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
37
|
Chen CK, Wang CW, Huang HY, Wang HS, Soong YK. AC-030 Preimplantation genetic screening below 35 years of age. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60478-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
38
|
Horng SG, Wang CW, Chen CK, Wang TH, Wang HS. EC-002 Effect of different treatment durations of metformin on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
39
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively review the causative organisms isolated from infected hip and knee replacements requiring revision. METHODS We reviewed a consecutive series of 36 patients who underwent revision hip or knee arthroplasties due to bacterial infection at Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital in Hong Kong between 1995 and 2003. The male to female ratio was 1:2, and the mean age of patients was 70 years (range, 54-82 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 3.8 years (range, 1.1-8.3 years). No patient was lost to follow-up. All 14 revision knee patients had previously undergone cemented and patella-resurfacing total knee arthroplasties. Of the 22 revision hip patients, 9 had cementless, 6 had cemented, and 7 had hybrid total hip arthroplasties previously. RESULTS None of the bacteria isolated from 1995 to 1996 were multiple-drug resistant. Subsequently, however, most of the isolates were multiple-drug resistant, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being the most common. Half of the isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli demonstrated multiple-drug resistance. The incidence of positive culture in revision hip patients was 59%, 46% of which were MRSA. All 13 revision hips with positive cultures showed chronic sepsis: 4 occurred within one year and 10 occurred 2 or more years after the index arthroplasty. The incidence of positive culture in revision knee patients was 57%, 46% of which were MRSA. All 8 revision knees with positive cultures showed chronic sepsis: 3 occurred within one year, 5 occurred 2 or more years after the index arthroplasty. Only one patient, who was infected with gram-negative bacilli, required a second revision for residual sepsis. Harris hip scores for the revision hip patients improved from a mean of 65 (range, 55-75) to 85 (range, 75-90). Knee Society knee scores of the revision knee patients improved from a mean of 68 (range, 55-75) to 80 (range, 70-85). There were no radiological signs suggestive of loosening in the 2 groups at the latest follow-up. CONCLUSION This study found a definite increase in multiple-drug-resistant bacteria isolated from periprosthetic infections around total hip and knee prostheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ip
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen CK, Lo SL. Raising and controlling study of dissolved oxygen concentration in closed-type aeration tank. Environ Technol 2005; 26:805-10. [PMID: 16080335 DOI: 10.1080/09593332608618518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the promotion and control of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of the closed-type aeration tank via practical experiments in the wastewater treatment system of a 5-star hotel in Taipei. As with limited and treasured space in Taiwan, before the completion of the sewer system construction in cities, to utilize the mat foundation under large buildings as the space of sewage treatment plant still has been one of the alternatives of those sewage treatments. However, aeration tanks constructed in the mat foundation of buildings have smaller effective water depth, which will cause a lower total transfer amount of DO. Controlling the total exhaust gas flow rate can increase the pressure on such closed-type aeration tanks. The DO concentration thus may increase according to Henry's Law. Furthermore, it may enable operators to adjust the DO concentration of the aeration tank more precisely and thus sustain optimal operating conditions in these treatment facilities. Practical experiments indicated that the DO concentration of aeration tank maintains an average of 3.8 mg l(-1), obtaining the optimum operating conditions. The efficiency of the biological treatment facilities in the mat foundation could be markedly improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71, Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chen CK, Lin SK, Sham PC, Ball D, Loh EW, Hsiao CC, Chiang YL, Ree SC, Lee CH, Murray RM. Pre-morbid characteristics and co-morbidity of methamphetamine users with and without psychosis. Psychol Med 2003; 33:1407-1414. [PMID: 14672249 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291703008353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term use of methamphetamine (MAMP) can result in psychosis but it is not clear why some individuals develop psychotic symptoms, while others use MAMP regularly over long periods and remain unscathed. We set out to characterize MAMP users and to examine the relationship of pre-morbid personality, pre-morbid social function and other psychiatric disorders to MAMP psychosis. METHOD Four hundred and forty-five amphetamine users were recruited from a psychiatric hospital and a detention centre in Taipei, and were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS). Their parents were interviewed with the Premorbid Schizoid and Schizotypal Traits (PSST) and the Premorbid Social Adjustment (PSA) schedules. Pre-morbid characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidity were compared between the MAMP users with a lifetime diagnosis of MAMP psychosis and those without. RESULTS The MAMP users with psychosis presented a clinical picture which mimicked the positive symptoms of schizophrenia: 85% had auditory hallucinations; 71% persecutory delusions; 63% delusions of reference. Compared with their non-psychotic counterparts, these MAMP users were younger at first MAMP use, used larger amounts of MAMP, had a significantly higher mean PSST score, and higher rates of major depressive disorder, alcohol dependence and antisocial personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS Earlier and larger use of MAMP was associated with increased risk of psychosis. Our data are also compatible with the view that pre-morbid schizoid/schizotypal personality predisposes MAMP users to develop psychosis, and that the greater the personality vulnerability, the longer the psychosis will persist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen CK, Lo SL. Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater using an activated sludge/contact aeration process. Water Sci Technol 2003; 47:285-292. [PMID: 12926700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study combines a two-phase biological treatment system of activated sludge/contact aeration process by adding biological contact filters into the rear sector of the activated sludge aeration tank of the slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant. This system keeps the advantages of complete mixing of substrates and microorganisms and flexible operation of the activated sludge process, and increased biological phase, less sludge, process stability and good settleability of sludge of the contact aeration process. This system could avoid the defects of sludge bulking, increased sludge production and difficult operation of the activated sludge process, and system clogging and rigid operation of the contact aeration process. Because suspended microorganisms are flowing into the contact aeration system, which then degrade or suspend within the biological contact filters after being adsorbed by the fixed biological film, on which partial bio-solids will act as seeding microorganisms. Suspended microorganisms and the dropped biological film will settled in the secondary settling tank, then reflux into the activated sludge aeration tank. The partial dropped biological film will decompose in the activated sludge aeration tank to achieve the function of decreasing sludge. Large specific gravity and good settling ability of biofilm sludge will provide better effluent quality. It has been proven through a practical experiment at a slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant in Taiwan, that the activated sludge process effluent COD value of 150-200 mg/L and SS value of 80-100 mg/L were decreased to around 40 mg/L and 22 mg/L, respectively, after changing its system to the two-phase biological treatment system of activated sludge/contact aeration process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou Shan Rd., Taipei, Chinese Taiwan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The number of IgG subclasses for hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (anti-HBc), demonstrated for HBV-infected individuals, was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Four commercially available hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) plates and one prepared plate were tested for ELISA sensitivity by the detection of 14 serum samples drawn from HBV chronic carriers, cured patients, vaccinees, and non-infected individuals. Differences in optical density (OD) values were obtained by comparing data gathered from the five plate types, suggesting that different plates may have different binding capabilities for each anti-HBc IgG subclass and, thus, contribute to the different ELISA sensitivities. Of these plates, the GB plate showed the most obvious absorbance changes for anti-HBc subclasses in different populations. These data also indicated different patterns for IgG-specific subclasses for various populations. For HBsAg+ carriers, the OD for IgG1 was greater than for IgG3. By contrast, the OD for IgG3 was higher than that for IgG1 in those subjects who were negative for HBsAg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C C Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical & Dental College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen CK, Zhang K, Church-Kopish J, Huang W, Zhang H, Chen YJ, Frederick JM, Baehr W. Characterization of human GRK7 as a potential cone opsin kinase. Mol Vis 2001; 7:305-13. [PMID: 11754336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Homozygous inactivation of the mouse gene for GRK1 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1, or rhodopsin kinase) causes severe defects in the recovery of cone phototransduction. However, electroretinographic (ERG) analyses of human oguchi patients with defective GRK1 alleles showed normal or slightly abnormal photopic responses. It remains unclear why the loss of GRK1 yields such different phenotypes in the recovery of mouse and human cones. We examined the localization and enzyme activity of GRK7, the human ortholog of the seventh member of the GRK family, in an attempt to understand its potential role in photopic vision. METHODS Bioinformatic approaches were used to identify the human GRK7 gene. Human and bovine GRK7 cDNAs were isolated by RT-PCR. Recombinant GRK7, expressed in insect cells, was used to phosphorylate activated rhodopsin. Antibodies raised against GRK7 peptides were used to examine the retina specific expression of GRK7 by immunoblotting and its subcellular localization by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS The human GRK7 gene is located on chromosome 3q21, spans at least 10 Kb and consists of 4 exons. In human, GRK7 is expressed exclusively in the retina and is found in all retinal neurons, and specifically, in cone outer segments. Recombinant human GRK7 catalyzes rhodopsin phosphorylation in a light dependent manner. We provide evidence that GRK1 and GRK7 are co-expressed in human cones. In contrast, mouse GRK7 is expressed in many tissues including retina where photoreceptors apparently do not express GRK7. CONCLUSIONS The presence of GRK7 in human, but not in mouse, cone outer segments suggests that GRK7 may function to provide the normal photopic vision reported by oguchi patients with a defective GRK1 gene. The absence of GRK7 expression in cone outer segments of mice is consistent with the notion that mouse cones rely solely on GRK1 to shutoff cone visual pigments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5330, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Choi S, Hao W, Chen CK, Simon MI. Gene expression profiles of light-induced apoptosis in arrestin/rhodopsin kinase-deficient mouse retinas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:13096-101. [PMID: 11687607 PMCID: PMC60830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.201417498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the molecular processes that lead to light-induced retinal degeneration, mutant mice deficient in arrestin and rhodopsin kinase were raised in the dark and then subjected to relatively low doses of white light. The kinetics of the subsequent induction of apoptosis, change in mRNA transcript level, and photoreceptor cell death were monitored. Analysis of transcript profiles identified clusters of genes that responded differently to illumination, including a cluster of photoreceptor-specific genes that showed marked decreases in levels long before morphological damage could be readily ascertained. The behaviors of other gene clusters demonstrate the coordinate induction of stress gene responses early in the course of irradiation. There was little, if any, change in transcript levels corresponding to genes associated with the initiation of apoptosis or antiapoptotic effects. Transcript analysis provides insight into the patterns of gene expression that are associated with the different stages of retinal degeneration in this model system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Choi
- Division of Biology, 147-75, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Wu-Hsieh BA, Chen CK, Chang JH, Lai SY, Wu CH, Cheng WC, Andersen P, Doherty TM. Long-lived immune response to early secretory antigenic target 6 in individuals who had recovered from tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33:1336-40. [PMID: 11565073 DOI: 10.1086/323044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2001] [Revised: 04/27/2001] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to understand the persistence and relevance of the long-lived immune response to early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. ESAT-6 is recognized by memory cells involved in protection of animals against tuberculosis (TB). Recent reports also showed that ESAT-6 response can be recovered in patients with TB and in those soon after anti-TB therapy. We chose 18 individuals who had recovered from pulmonary TB (some in remission for >5 years), and 14 bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated healthy individuals for this study. The results showed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 10 (55.6%) of 18 patients with TB remission responded to ESAT-6 with stimulation indices >3.0, whereas none of the healthy controls responded. Functional analysis showed that 13 (72.2%) of 18 patients with TB remission produced significant amounts of IFN-gamma in response to ESAT-6, whereas only 1 (7.1%) of the 14 healthy control subjects did so. It appears that responses to ESAT-6 can persist in individuals who had recovered from pulmonary TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Wu-Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tang SF, Chen CK, Hsu R, Chou SW, Hong WH, Lew HL. Vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis activity in open and closed kinetic chain exercises in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: an electromyographic study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82:1441-5. [PMID: 11588751 DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2001.26252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the electromyographic activities of vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in open and closed kinetic chain exercises in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). DESIGN Case-controlled study. SETTING Rehabilitation science center in a tertiary medical center. PARTICIPANTS Ten patients with bilateral knee pain diagnosed with PFPS and 10 healthy volunteers. INTERVENTIONS Subjects performed open kinetic chain exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer and closed kinetic chain exercise by squat-to-stand and stand-to-squat tasks. Surface electromyography was done for the VMO and VL muscles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES VMO/VL ratios were calculated after normalization of muscle activities. RESULTS The VMO/VL ratios of PFPS subjects were significantly lower than were those of unimpaired subjects during knee isokinetic closed kinetic chain exercises (p = .047). However, there was no statistical difference in VMO/VL ratio between subjects with and without PFPS during closed kinetic chain exercises (p = .623). Maximum VMO/VL ratio was obtained at 60 degrees knee flexion in closed kinetic chain exercise. CONCLUSION In closed kinetic chain exercises, more selective VMO activation can be obtained at 60 degrees knee flexion. Maximal VMO/VL ratio was observed at this knee flexion angle, and muscle contraction intensity was also greatest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S F Tang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tiao WM, Yeh LR, Lu YC, Liang HL, Chen CK. Lipoma arborescens of the knee: a case report. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:412-5. [PMID: 11480252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoma arborescens is a rare intraarticular lesion of unknown etiology. We describe the radiographic, computerized tomographic, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of lipoma arborescens in a 17-year-old boy presenting with chronic painful swollen knee. Histologic examination after surgical synovectomy confirmed the diagnosis of lipoma arborescens. The fatty nature and frond-like appearance of this lesion can be demonstrated on imaging studies, especially MR imaging. Open synovectomy is curative in most cases. Although lipoma arborescens is rare, it is important to recognize and differentiate it from other synovial lesions by MR imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Tiao
- Department of Radiology, Ton Yen General Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Chemical investigation of Drypetes littoralis yielded three new tricyclic diterpenes, drypetenones A, B, and C (1--3), and one new xanthone (4). Spectral analyses and chemical correlations established the structures as 10S-12-hydroxy-11-methoxy-13-methylpodocarpa-1,5,8,11,13-pentaene-3,7-dione, (1), 10S-12-hydroxy-11-methoxy-13-methylpodocarpa-5,8,11,13-tetraene-3,7-dione (2), 10S-12-hydroxy-6,11-dimethoxy-13-methylpodocarpa-1,5,8,11,13-pentaene-3,7-dione (3), and 1-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxyxanthone (4). Complete (13)C NMR assignment of boehmenan D (5) is also made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|