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Lin CL, Lee HL, Lin WS, Lin M, Lee YJ. The novel HLA-A*26:236 allele identified by sequence-based typing. HLA 2023; 102:614-615. [PMID: 37608444 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The new allele A*26:236 differs from A*26:01:01:01 at position 340 (G>T) of exon 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lin Lee
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mari Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jinn Lee
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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2
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Hsiao KL, Wang LY, Cheng JC, Cheng YJ, Lin CL, Liu HF. Detection and genetic characterization of the novel torque teno virus group 6 in Taiwanese general population. R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210938. [PMID: 34737877 PMCID: PMC8564604 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Torque teno virus (TTV) is one of the most common human viruses and can infect an individual with multiple genotypes chronically and persistently. TTV group 6 is a recently discovered phylogenetic group first isolated from eastern Taiwan indigenes, but whether the TTV group 6 was also prevalent in the general population still unknown. One hundred and three randomly collected blood samples from general population and 66 TTV positive DNA samples extracted from Taiwan indigenes were included. A group-6-specific PCR was developed for re-screen over TTV positive samples. Two TTV group 6 positive samples from general population were cloned and sequenced for identifying mix-infected TTVs and confirming their classification by maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogeny. TTV group 6 can be detected in 4.5% (4/89) and 7.6% (5/66) of TTV positive samples from Taiwanese general population and eastern Taiwan indigenes, respectively. Sample VC09 was mix-infected with TTV groups 3 and 6. Sample VC99 was mix-infected with TTV groups 3, 4 and 6. A highly diverse triple overlapping region was observed, which may represent a unique phenomenon of TTV. The group-6-specific PCR can successfully detect TTV group 6. TTV group 6 may be prevalent worldwide regardless of the geographic region and/or ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Liang Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chien Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Liu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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3
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Lee YJ, Ting WH, Yang YW, Lin CJ, Hsieh YT, Huang CY, Lo FS, Chu CC, Lin CL, Lin WS, Lai TS. HLA-DQ genotype and biochemical characterization of anti-transglutaminase 2 antibodies in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. FASEB J 2020; 34:8459-8474. [PMID: 32362042 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000269r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 are genetic risk factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Celiac disease (CD) in Caucasians, but their association with Taiwanese Han population is unknown. We screened 532 Taiwanese T1DM patients for CD biomarkers including anti-tissue transglutaminase (TGM2), anti-gliadin and anti-neoepitope antibodies (Abs), sequencing DQB1 genotypes, and characterized the TGM2 Abs. We report that 3.76% of Taiwanese patients had TGM2-Abs and all had no CD's symptoms. In contrast to Caucasian's CD patients, DQ2/DQ8 only constituted ~4/5 of TGM2-Abs positive patients, while the other ~1/5 patients belonged to different HLA genotypes. Either anti-gliadin or anti-neoepitope Abs coexisted with ~3/4 of TGM2-Abs positive patients that were likely due to gluten-ingestion, while the cause of TGM2-Abs production for other ~1/4 of patients was unknown. Purified anti-TGM2 IgA (TGA) and anti-TGM2 IgG (TGG) could bind on endothelial cells surface, recognized native better than denatured forms of TGM2, and TGA inhibited TGM2's transamidation activity by up to 80% but TGG had no effects. Epitope mapping of all TGM2-Abs positive sera demonstrated that TGM2-Abs had heterogeneity in specificities. This is the first study on the differences between Taiwanese Han group and Caucasian in HLA genotypes and properties of TGM2-Abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann-Jinn Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medicine, MaKkay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Hsin Ting
- Department of Medicine, MaKkay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Jui Lin
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ting Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Medicine, MaKkay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu-Sung Lo
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Chung Chu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Shan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Thung-S Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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4
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Ng SY, Lin CL. Tunability of Acoustic and Mechanical Behaviors in Breast Tissue Mimicking Materials. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2019:1998-2002. [PMID: 31946292 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In radiology practices, the ultrasound-guided breast biopsy is among the most commonly performed minimally invasive procedures. However, many radiology residents in their graduate residencies are found with little or no hands-on experience with ultrasound-guided breast procedures. To enhance safety, the problem can be solved by the use of anthropomorphic training phantoms which can provide the resident with realistic ultrasound imaging and needle insertion haptic feedback. Stiffness and acoustic properties of breast tissues vary between different people. The training breast phantom should be able to possess different acoustic and mechanical properties which conform the inconsistencies found in real tissues among people. Therefore, this paper investigates the tunability of acoustic and mechanical behaviors in breast tissue mimicking materials (TMMs). Experiments of central composite design (CCD) with a center point, four corner points, and an additional four axis points were used to fit the non-linear regression model of the speed of sound. The same design of experiment approach was then used to fit the second-order response surface of the attenuation coefficient. Suitable series of tissue mimicking materials for the glandular tissue and malignant lesion were suggested. Latin hypercube design method was conducted to evaluate the main factors that affected the mechanical property (Young's modulus) of tissue mimicking materials. The results showed that the recipe of tissue mimicking materials could be customized to possess different acoustic and mechanical properties which conform the inconsistencies found in real breast tissues.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Osteoporosis is a well-known bone disorder affecting people worldwide. Patients with osteoporosis have an increased risk of bone fracture. This study provides new information on the risk of developing osteoporosis post burn injury and the risk of fracture among those with osteoporosis developed. INTRODUCTION The relationship between burn injury and hip fracture risk is unclear. Population-based evaluation on relationships between burn injury and osteoporosis development and subsequent fractures is limited. We conducted a retrospective cohort study as the investigation. METHODS From the insurance data of Taiwan, we established a cohort of 43,532 patients with a burn injury in 2000-2012 and a comparison cohort of 174,124 individuals without such an injury, frequency matched by sex, age, and diagnosis date. Both cohorts were followed up to the end of 2013 to evaluate the occurrence of osteoporosis and hip fracture. RESULTS The incidence of osteoporosis was greater in the burn cohort than in the comparison cohort (6.40 vs. 4.75 per 1,000 person-years) with an adjusted IRR of 1.35 (95% confidence interval = 1.32-1.39). The incidence rates in both cohorts were greater in women than in men, increased with age, income, and Charlson comorbidity index. Patients with burns involving 20%-49% of total body surface area and with burns confined to the lower/upper limbs had the greatest incidence rates, 8.32 and 8.58 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Osteoporosis incidence increased further to 22.7 per 1,000 person-years for burn victims with comorbid diabetes. The risk of fracture was over five-fold greater for burn victims with osteoporosis developed than for comparisons without osteoporosis. CONCLUSION Patients who have a burn injury deserve prevention intervention to reduce the risk of osteoporosis and fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kaewboonchoo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - F C Sung
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C L Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H C Hsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C T Kuo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, 91 Hseuh Shis Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Lin DC, Huang CY, Ting WH, Lo FS, Lin CL, Yang HW, Chang TY, Lin CH, Tzeng YW, Yang WS, Juang YL, Lee YJ. Mutations in glucokinase and other genes detected in neonatal and type 1B diabetes patient using whole exome sequencing may lead to disease-causing changes in protein activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:428-433. [PMID: 30465894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monogenic diabetes is caused by mutations that reduce β-cell function. While Sanger sequencing is the standard method used to detect mutated genes. Next-generation sequencing techniques, such as whole exome sequencing (WES), can be used to find multiple gene mutations in one assay. We used WES to detect genetic mutations in both permanent neonatal (PND) and type 1B diabetes (T1BD). A total of five PND and nine T1BD patients were enrolled in this study. WES variants were assessed using VarioWatch, excluding those identified previously. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the mutations, and their pathogenicity was established via the literature or bioinformatic/functional analysis. The PND and T1BD patients were diagnosed at 0.1-0.5 and 0.8-2.7 years of age, respectively. Diabetic ketoacidosis was present at diagnosis in 60% of PND patients and 44.4% of T1BD patients. We found five novel mutations in five different genes. Notably, patient 602 had a novel homozygous missense mutation c.1295C > A (T432 K) in the glucokinase (GCK) gene. Compared to the wild-type recombinant protein, the mutant protein had significantly lower enzymatic activity (2.5%, p = 0.0002) and Vmax (1.23 ± 0.019 vs. 0.33 ± 0.016, respectively; p = 0.005). WES is a robust technique that can be used to unravel the etiologies of genetically heterogeneous forms of diabetes. Homozygous inactivating mutations of the GCK gene may have a significant role in PND pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Chen Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mackay Children's Hospital, Taipei City 10449, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City 11260, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Ting
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mackay Children's Hospital, Taipei City 10449, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City 11260, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Sung Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Woei Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yang Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsu Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wei Tzeng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Syuan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Li Juang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan.
| | - Yann-Jinn Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mackay Children's Hospital, Taipei City 10449, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
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Yang YC, Chang TY, Chen TC, Lin WS, Lin CL, Lee YJ. Replication of results from a cervical cancer genome-wide association study in Taiwanese women. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15319. [PMID: 30333560 PMCID: PMC6193015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic epidemiological studies show that genetic factors contribute significantly to cervical cancer carcinogenesis. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed novel genetic variants associated with cervical cancer susceptibility. We aim to replicate 4 GWAS-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were associated with invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women, in a Taiwanese population. The rs13117307 C/T, rs8067378 A/G, rs4282438 G/T, and rs9277952 A/G SNPs were genotyped in 507 women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and 432 age/sex matched healthy controls by using TaqMan PCR Assay. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test and typing were performed in CSCC patients. Only the rs4282438 SNP was found to be significantly associated (G allele, odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, P = 1.5 × 10−5). This protective association remained in HPV-16 positive CSCC subgroup (G allele, OR = 0.60, P = 1.2 × 10−5). In conclusion, our study confirms the association of rs4282438 SNP with CSCC in a Taiwanese population. However, larger sample sets of other ethnic groups are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Cheng Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yang Chang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Chien Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jinn Lee
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Drut JE, McKenney JR, Daza WS, Lin CL, Ordóñez CR. Quantum Anomaly and Thermodynamics of One-Dimensional Fermions with Three-Body Interactions. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:243002. [PMID: 29957009 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.243002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that a system of three species of one-dimensional fermions, with an attractive three-body contact interaction, features a scale anomaly directly related to the anomaly of two-dimensional fermions with two-body contact forces. We show, furthermore, that those two cases (and their multispecies generalizations) are the only nonrelativistic systems with contact interactions that display a scale anomaly. While the two-dimensional case is well known and has been under study both experimentally and theoretically for years, the one-dimensional case presented here has remained unexplored. For the latter, we calculate the impact of the anomaly on the equation of state, which appears through the generalization of Tan's contact for three-body forces, and determine the pressure at finite temperature. In addition, we show that the third-order virial coefficient is proportional to the second-order coefficient of the two-dimensional two-body case.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Drut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA
| | - J R McKenney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA
| | - W S Daza
- Physics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024-5005, USA
| | - C L Lin
- Physics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024-5005, USA
| | - C R Ordóñez
- Physics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024-5005, USA
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Cheng BW, Lo FS, Wang AM, Hung CM, Huang CY, Ting WH, Yang MO, Lin CH, Chen CC, Lin CL, Wu YL, Lee YJ. Autoantibodies against islet cell antigens in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16275-16283. [PMID: 29662644 PMCID: PMC5893239 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibody (GADA), insulinoma-associated protein 2 autoantibody (IA2A), and insulin autoantibody (IAA) in 750 children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) living in Taiwan. GADA, IA2A, and IAA were measured by radioimmunoassay. The data were assessed by χ2 test, binary logistic regression, and Spearman rank correlation. Of the 750 T1D patients, 66.3% had GADA, 65.3% IA2A, 35.7% IAA, and 17.2% no autoantibodies. The prevalence of GADA and IA2A significantly decreased along T1D duration. The positivity of either GADA or IA2A was 89.4% within the first year of disease and decreased to 36.7% after 9 years (P = 1.22 × 10–20). Female patients had significantly higher prevalence of GADA compared with male patients (72.3% vs. 59.7%, P = 0.00027). The patients diagnosed before 12 years of age had a positive rate of 92.2% for either GADA or IA2A. Patients diagnosed at age 12 or above had a significantly lower positive rate of 81.6% (P = 0.011). GADA and IA2A significantly correlated with each other (rs = 0.245, P = 1.09 × 10–11). We concluded that autoantibodies were detectable in 89.4% of T1D patients within one year after diagnosis. Their prevalence declined with disease duration. GADA was more prevalent in female patients. GADA and IA2A weakly correlated with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Wen Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital HsinChu Branch, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Sung Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - An-Mei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Mei Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Ting
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ore Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsu Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital HsinChu Branch, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lei Wu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chuanghua Christian Children's Hospital, Chuanghua, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jinn Lee
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Kaewboonchoo O, Sung FC, Lin CL, Hsu HC, Kuo CT. Hip fracture risk in patients with burn injury: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:3415-3420. [PMID: 28875313 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This work aimed to evaluate the hip fracture risk for patients with burn injury. A total of 16,430 patients with burn injury had an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.54 to encounter a hip fracture, compared with controls without the injury. These results encourage future studies focusing on mechanisms leading to fracture associated with burn injury. INTRODUCTION The relationship between burn injury and hip fracture risk is unclear. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate this relationship. METHODS From insurance data of Taiwan, we identified a cohort with 16,430 burn patients in 2000-2010 and a comparison cohort of 65,716 persons without the history of burn, frequency matched by sex, age, and diagnosis date. Both cohorts were followed up to the end of 2011 to evaluate the risk of hip fracture. RESULTS Patients with burn injury were 1.62-fold more likely than comparisons to encounter a hip fracture (6.95 vs. 4.28 per 1000 person-years), with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.54 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.40-1.68). The fracture incidence increased with age and is slightly greater for women than for men in both cohorts. The fracture risk was greater for patients with burn in the eyes, face, and head with an incidence of 7.14 per 1000 person-years, or an aHR of 2.09 (95% CI = 1.53, 2.86). Diabetes and osteoporosis were also associated with an increased hip fracture risk. CONCLUSION Burn injury is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. Diabetes and osteoporosis are associated with an enhanced risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kaewboonchoo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand
| | - F C Sung
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C L Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H C Hsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C T Kuo
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mahidol University Faculty of Public Health, Khet Ratchathewi, Thailand.
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University College of Public Health, 91 Hseuh Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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11
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Ting WH, Chien MN, Lo FS, Wang CH, Huang CY, Lin CL, Lin WS, Chang TY, Yang HW, Chen WF, Lien YP, Cheng BW, Lin CH, Chen CC, Wu YL, Hung CM, Li HJ, Chan CI, Lee YJ. Association of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4) Gene Polymorphisms with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Children and Adults: Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154394. [PMID: 27111218 PMCID: PMC4844099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), including Graves disease (GD) and Hashimoto disease (HD), is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component. Although the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) polymorphism has been reported to be associated with AITD in adults, few studies have focused on children. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the CTLA4 polymorphisms, including -318C/T (rs5742909), +49A/G (rs231775), and CT60 (rs3087243), were associated with GD and HD in Han Chinese adults and children. We studied 289 adult GD, 265 pediatric GD, 229 pediatric HD patients, and 1058 healthy controls and then compared genotype, allele, carrier, and haplotype frequencies between patients and controls. We found that CTLA4 SNPs +49A/G and CT60 were associated with GD in adults and children. Allele G of +49A/G was significantly associated with GD in adults (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–1.84; corrected P value [Pc] < 0.001) and children (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.15–1.77; Pc = 0.002). Allele G of CT60 also significantly increased risk of GD in adults (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.27–2.09; Pc < 0.001) and GD in children (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22–2.04; Pc < 0.001). Significant linkage disequilibrium was found between +49A/G and CT60 in GD and control subjects (D’ = 0.92). Our results showed that CTLA4 was associated with both GD and HD and played an equivalent role in both adult and pediatric GD in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Ting
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Nan Chien
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Sung Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yang Chang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Woei Yang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fang Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Lien
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital HsinChu, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsu Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital HsinChu, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lei Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Mei Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jung Li
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chon-In Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jinn Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Hsiao KL, Wang LY, Lin CL, Liu HF. New Phylogenetic Groups of Torque Teno Virus Identified in Eastern Taiwan Indigenes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149901. [PMID: 26901643 PMCID: PMC4762681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Torque teno virus (TTV) is a single-stranded DNA virus highly prevalent in the world. It has been detected in eastern Taiwan indigenes with a low prevalence of 11% by using N22 region of which known to underestimate TTV prevalence excessively. In order to clarify their realistic epidemiology, we re-analyzed TTV prevalence with UTR region. One hundred and forty serum samples from eastern Taiwanese indigenous population were collected and TTV DNA was detected in 133 (95%) samples. Direct sequencing revealed an extensive mix-infection of different TTV strains within the infected individual. Entire TTV open reading frame 1 was amplified and cloned from a TTV positive individual to distinguish mix-infected strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed eleven isolates were clustered into a monophyletic group that is distinct from all known groups. In addition, another our isolate was clustered with recently described Hebei-1 strain and formed an independent clade. Based on the distribution pattern of pairwise distances, both new clusters were placed at phylogenetic group level, designed as the 6th and 7th phylogenetic group. In present study, we showed a very high prevalence of TTV infection in eastern Taiwan indigenes and indentified new phylogenetic groups from the infected individual. Both intra- and inter-phylogenetic group mix-infections can be found from one healthy person. Our study has further broadened the field of human TTVs and proposed a robust criterion for classification of the major TTV phylogenetic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Liang Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Liu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Chen SC, Tsai YT, Hu SC, Lin CL, Chen KL, Chen KH, Chen KT. Factors affecting the use of anti-amoebiasis protective measures among Taiwan immigrants returning to amoebiasis-endemic regions. Public Health 2013; 127:1126-32. [PMID: 24169441 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictors of use of anti-amoebiasis protective measures (AAPMs) among Taiwan immigrants returning to their country of origin, using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to guide the investigation. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Between March and May 2011, all permanent immigrants originating from amoebiasis-endemic countries who received services at the immigrant service centres in Taipei or Tainan and who reported that they had returned to their country of origin within the past five years were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire containing questions on sociodemographic characteristics and items related to the constructs of the HBM was used as the data collection instrument. RESULTS Complete information was collected from 384 immigrants, with a response rate of 80% (384/480). The mean age of the subjects was 38.4 years (standard deviation 10.6 years). The majority (70%) of participants did not receive travel information through a pretravel consultation, and more than 17% reported that they did not use measures to prevent amoebiasis. Multiple regression analyses revealed that Chinese proficiency, pretravel consultation and lower barriers to using protective measures were significantly associated with the use of AAPMs during return trips to country of origin (R(2) = 0.45; F = 77.5; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The HBM significantly predicted the use of AAPMs in this study. A high proportion of immigrants did not use appropriate AAPMs when they returned to their country of origin. Educational approaches should be targeted at immigrants originating from amoebiasis-endemic regions who return to their country of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Da-Chien General Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan; General Education Centre, Ta Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin MC, Lee CF, Lin CL, Wu YC, Wang HE, Chen CL, Sung FC, Kao CH. Dental diagnostic X-ray exposure and risk of benign and malignant brain tumors. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:1675-9. [PMID: 23406732 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the risk of benign brain tumors (BBTs) and malignant brain tumors (MBTs) associated with dental diagnostic X-ray, using a large population-based case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified 4123 BBT cases and 16 492 controls without BBT (study 1) and 197 MBT cases and 788 controls without MBT (study 2) from Taiwan National Health Insurance claim data. The risks of both types of tumor were estimated in association with the frequency of received dental diagnostic X-ray. RESULTS The mean ages were ~44.2 years in study 1 and 40.6 years in study 2. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of BBT increases as the frequency of received dental diagnostic X-ray increases. The BBT odds ratio increased from 1.33 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-1.44] for those with annual mean X-ray examination of less than one to 1.65 (95% CI 1.37-1.98) for those with three or more X-ray examinations, after controlling for comorbidities. No significant association was found between MBTs and dental diagnostic X-ray exposure. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to dental diagnostic X-rays in oral and maxillofacial care increases the risk of BBTs, but not MBTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Yang SY, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Discovery of HLA-DRB1*03:20 allele in a Taiwanese volunteer hematopoietic stem cell donor and the probable HLA-A, -B, -C and -DRB1 haplotype in association with DRB1*03:20. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:243-5. [PMID: 22925692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The allele HLA-DRB1*03:20, a variant of DRB1*03, was first reported to the IMGT HLA database in April 2001 without indication on the ethnicity of the blood donor (Cell ID: HC 125775). We found a Taiwanese volunteer hematopoietic stem cell donor carries DRB1*03:20 by a sequence-based typing (SBT) method. The DNA sequence of DRB1*03:20 is identical to the sequence of DRB1*03:01:01 in exon 2, except a nucleotide substitution at position 341(T→C) (GTT→GCT at codon 85). The nucleotide replacement produced an amino acid variation at residue 85 (V→A). We hypothesize that DRB1*03:20 was probably derived from DRB1*03:01:01 via a nucleotide point mutation event. The probable HLA haplotype in association with DRB1*03:20 was deduced as A*11:02-B*58:01-C*07:02-DRB1*03:20. We here report the Taiwanese/Chinese ethnicity of DRB1*03:20.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Recognition of a Caucasoid HLA-B locus allele, B*44:55, in a Taiwanese/Chinese bone marrow stem cell donor. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:154-5. [PMID: 22862996 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We detected a Caucasoid HLA-B allele, HLA-B*44:55, in a potential Taiwanese/Chinese bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell donor during our routine HLA SBT (sequence-based typing) practice. The sequence of B*44:55 varies with B*44:02:01:01 with one nucleotide in exon 2 at position 97 (T->C), while it differs from B*44:03:01 with one nucleotide in exon 2 at position 97 (T->C) and three nucleotides in exon 3 at residues 538-540 (CTG->GAC). The nucleotide replacements caused one amino acid variation with B*44:02:01:01 at residue 9 (Y->H) and two amino acid variations with B*44:03:01 at residue 9 (Y->H) and residue 156 (L->D). The formation of B*44:55 is probably the result of a nucleotide substitution involving B*44:02:01:01 at position 97 (T->C). The Taiwanese/Chinese donor with B*44:55 claims having no kinship with Caucasian. Our speculations on the origin of the Taiwanese/Chinese B*44:55 will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Detection of the rare HLA-B*40:97 allele in an unrelated Taiwanese bone marrow donor. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:527-9. [PMID: 22672657 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We detected a rare HLA-B locus allele, B*40:97, in a Taiwanese unrelated donor in our routine HLA SBT (sequence-based typing) exercise for a possible hematopoietic stem cell donation. In exons 2, 3 and 4, the sequence of B*40:97 is identical to the sequence of B*40:02:01 except one nucleotide at nucleotide position 760 (C->T) in exon 4. The nucleotide variation caused one amino acid alteration at residue 230 (L->F). B*40:97 was probably derived from a nucleotide substitution event where C was replaced by T at nucleotide 760 involving B*40:02:01. The HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 haplotype in association with B*40:97 may be deduced as A*26:01-B*40:97-C*03:03-DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:03. Our recognition of B*40:97 in Taiwanese helps to fill the void of ethnic information for the allele B*40:97 reported to the IMGT/HLA Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Recognition of HLA-A*24:137 allele in a Taiwanese unrelated bone marrow stem cell donor and the plausible HLA haplotype associated with A*24:137. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:530-1. [PMID: 22672687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We detected a rare HLA-A*24:137 allele in an unrelated Taiwanese haematopoietic stem cell donor during a routine SBT (sequence-based typing) HLA typing exercise. The DNA sequence of A*24:137 is identical to the sequence of A*24:02:01:01 in exons 2 and 3 except at codon 21 where CGC was replaced with CAA. The DNA variation caused an amino acid alteration at amino acid residue 21 (R->Q). The HLA haplotype in association with A*24:137 may be deduced as A*24:137-B*15-DRB1*14. The formation of A*24:137 was probably the result of a nucleotide point mutation involving A*24:02:01:01. It remains to be determined whether A*24:137 is restricted to Taiwanese/Chinese ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Discovery of the novel HLA-DRB1*03:77 allele in a Taiwanese unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor by a sequence-based typing method and identification of the probable HLA haplotype in association with DRB1*03:77. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:442-4. [PMID: 22486852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a novel human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 allele, DRB1*03:77, discovered in a Taiwanese unrelated volunteer hematopoietic stem cell donor by a sequence-based typing (SBT) method. The DNA sequence of DRB1*03:77 is identical to the DNA sequence of DRB1*03:01:01 in exon 2 except one nucleotide at position 223 (G→C). The nucleotide substitution caused an amino acid replacement at residue 46 (E→Q). The formation of DRB1*03:77 was thought as the result of a nucleotide point mutation. The probable HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 haplotype in association with DRB1*03:77 may be deduced as A*33-B*58-DRB1*03:77. The donor was a Minna Taiwanese whose ancestors came from mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Discovery of the novel HLA-DRB1*16:16 allele in a Taiwanese unrelated bone marrow stem cell donor by a sequence-based typing method and the probable haplotype associated with DRB1*16:16. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:445-7. [PMID: 22486893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report here a de novo HLA-DRB1 allele, DRB1*16:16, discovered in a Taiwanese unrelated volunteer bone marrow stem cell donor by a sequence-based typing (SBT) method. In exon 2, the DNA sequence of DRB1*16:16 is identical to the sequence of DRB1*16:02:01 except the nucleotides at positions 258 (C→T), 260 (C→A) and 261 (T→G). The nucleotide substitution produced an amino acid replacement at residue 58 (A→E). The formation of DRB1*16:16 was probably generated by a DNA sequence recombination event involving DRB1*11:01:01 and DRB1*16:02:01. The probable HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 haplotype in association with DRB1*16:16 may be deduced as A*02-B*38-DRB1*16:16.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Yang SY, Kao RH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Identification of two novel HLA-A*02 variants, A*02:319 and A*02:01:64, in two Taiwanese marrow stem cell donors by sequence-based typing. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:261-3. [PMID: 22221707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report here two novel variants of HLA-A*02 allele, A*02:319 and A*02:01:64, discovered in two Taiwanese unrelated volunteer bone marrow donors by sequence-based typing (SBT) method. The DNA sequence of A*02:319 is identical to A*02:07 in exons 2 and 3 but varies with one nucleotide at codon 9 (TTC->TCC). The variation caused one amino acid substitution at residue 9 (F->S). On the other hand, the DNA sequence of A*02:01:64 is identical to the sequence of A*02:01:01:01 in exons 2 and 3 except a silent mutation at codon 114 (CAC->CAT). The probable HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 haplotypes in association with A*02:319 and A*02:01:64 were deduced as A*02:319-B*46:01-DRB1*04 and A*02:01:64-B*38:02-DRB1*16:02, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Lin CC, Jiang S, Chiu HM, Lin S, Chen YC, Yang SY, Jian YF, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Discovery of two novel HLA-B alleles, B*46:13:03 and B*15:189, in two Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donors by sequence-based typing. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:539-42. [PMID: 21819546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01030.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here two novel HLA-B alleles, B*46:13:03 and B*15:189, discovered in two Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donors. The sequence of B*15:189 has a nucleotide sequence possibly derived from a recombination event between HLA-B*39:01:01 and B*15:01:01:01, while the origin of the sequence B*46:13:03 was less obvious to postulate, considering the low frequency of B*46:13 in the general population and the silent mutations involved. Our report here adds further HLA polymorphism to the growing lists of HLA-B*46 and HLA-B*15 and provides an additional HLA information for donor search programme for patients undergoing transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Lin CC, Jiang S, Chiu HM, Lin S, Chen YC, Jian YF, Yang SY, Yang YB, Chen SB, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Oriental HLA-A*11:90 detected in a Taiwanese cord blood sample and the haplotype in association with A*11:90 allele. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:543-6. [PMID: 21806781 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here an HLA-A allele, A*11:90, found in a Taiwanese cord blood sample using DNA sequence-based typing (SBT) protocol after observing an anomalous reaction pattern in a sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) typing exercise. The sequence of A*11:90 is identical to A*11:01:01, the most predominant A*11 variant in Taiwanese, in exon 2 but differs from A*11:01:01 in exon 3 by two nucleotide substitutions at codon 163 (c.487C>G and c.488G>A), resulting R163E. In comparison with the sequence of A*11:02:01, the second most predominant subtype of A*11 in Taiwanese A*11:90 has one nucleotide difference at codon 19 (c.55A>G) in exon 2 resulting K19E and two nucleotides variations at codon 163 (c.487C>G and c.488G>A) in exon 3 resulting R163E. HLA-A*11:90-B*40:02-DRB1*11:01 is the deduced probable HLA haplotype in association with A*11:90. The generation of A*11:90 is thought to involve a DNA recombination event between alleles A*11:01:01 and A*80:01 where A*80:01 donated a fragment of the DNA sequence (from n.t. 487 to n.t. 497) to the recipient sequence of A*11:01:01.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Yang KL, Lee SK, Lin CC, Jiang S, Chiu HM, Lin S, Chen YC, Chen SP, Yang SY, Jian YF, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY. Detection of two HLA-A alleles, A*31:30 and A*26:20, in two Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donors by sequence-based typing. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:437-40. [PMID: 21692992 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01023.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We here report detection of a novel sequence of HLA-A*31:30 and a confirmatory sequence of HLA*26:20 from two Taiwanese individuals. The sequence of A*31:30 is identical to that of A*31:01:02 in exons 2 and 3, except one nucleotide (n.t.) substitution c.539T > G resulting in p.Leu180Trp. The sequence of A*26:20 is identical to A*26:01:01 in exons 2 and 3, except a segment of the sequence from n.t. 78 to n.t.102. The mismatched sequence segment is identical to a sequence segment of A*02:03:01, suggesting that the formation of A*26:20 was resulted from a DNA recombination event between A*26:01:01 and A*02:03:01 sequences. A*26:20 differs from A*26:01:01 with c.98A > T resulting in p.Tyr33Phe.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Yang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Tzu Chi Cord Blood Bank and Buddhist Tzu Chi Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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25
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Chen MJ, Chu CC, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY, Yang KL. Identification of a novel HLA-DQB1 allele, DQB1*0326, in a College of American Pathologists 2009 survey specimen. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 37:455-7. [PMID: 20618518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2010.00947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We identified a novel DQB1*0326 allele from a proficiency test sample provided by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) medical society. This novel DQB1 allele was unexpectedly discovered by sequence-based typing method in an attempt to resolve a discrepant typing result between the CAP survey report and our laboratory report. This novel DQB1 allele is most similar to DQB1*030302 and DQB1*0311. DQB1*0326 has a nucleotide substitution resulting an amino acid change when compared with DQB1*030302 (M to L) and it differs from DQB1*0311 by one nucleotide variation causing an amino acid replacement (A to D).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chen
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre and Marrow Donor Registry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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26
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Shih SC, Yang HW, Chang TY, Hu KC, Chang SC, Lin CL, Hung CY, Wang HY, Lin M, Lee YJ. Investigation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 gene polymorphisms in symptomatic gallstone disease. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:355-8. [PMID: 21277929 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gallstone disease (GSD), which is increasingly prevalent in Taiwan, develops through a complex process involving genetic, environmental, and immune factors. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) limits T-cell proliferation. The present study looked for associations between symptomatic GSD and polymorphisms of the CTLA4 gene. For this case-control cross-sectional study among Taiwanese, 275 patients with symptomatic GSD and 852 controls were enrolled. Genotyping of CTLA4-318 C/T, +49 A/G, and CT60 A/G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The genotype, allele, carrier, and haplotype frequencies were calculated by direct counting or with Haploview 4.1 software. Genotype, allele, carrier, and haplotype frequencies of the CTLA4 SNPs studied were equally distributed in symptomatic GSD patients and controls. No significant associations between symptomatic GSD and these 3 SNPs were observed. Our data suggest that CTLA4-318 C/T, +49 A/G, and CT60 A/G SNPs do not confer increased susceptibility to symptomatic GSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chuan Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Tsai YC, Lin CL, Chen BH. Preparative chromatography of flavonoids and saponins in Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell. Phytomedicine 2010; 18:2-10. [PMID: 21036575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A preparative column chromatographic method was developed to isolate flavonoids and saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, a Chinese Medicinal herb, and evaluate their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell Hep3B, with the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3) being used for comparison. Initially the powdered G. pentaphyllum was extracted with ethanol, followed by eluting flavonoids and saponins with ethanol-water (30:70, v/v) and 100% ethanol, respectively, in an open-column containing 5 g of Cosmosil 75C(18)-OPN, and then subjected to HPLC-MS analysis. The flavonoid fraction was mainly composed of quercetin- and kaempferol-glycosides, while in saponin fraction, both ginsenoside Rb(3) and ginsenoside Rd dominated. Both fractions were more effective against Hep3B cells than the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3), with the cell cycle being arrested at G0/G1 phase for all the treatments. Additionally, the inhibition effect followed a dose-dependent increase for all the sample treatments. The result of this study may be used as a basis for possible phytopreparations in the future with G. pentaphyllum as raw material.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Flavonoids/analysis
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Gynostemma/chemistry
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Leaves
- Reference Values
- Saponins/analysis
- Saponins/pharmacology
- Saponins/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan
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28
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Abstract
Gradient-type Hopfield networks have been widely used in optimization problems solving. This paper presents a novel application by developing a matrix oriented gradient approach to solve a class of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are commonly encountered in the robust control system analysis and design. The solution process is parallel and distributed in neural computation. The proposed networks are proven to be stable in the large. Representative LMIs such as generalized Lyapunov matrix inequalities, simultaneous Lyapunov matrix inequalities, and algebraic Riccati matrix inequalities are considered. Several examples are provided to demonstrate the proposed results. To verify the proposed control scheme in real-time applications, a high-speed digital signal processor is used to emulate the neural-net-based control scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40724 R.O.C
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29
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Chin LK, Liu AQ, Lim CS, Lin CL, Ayi TC, Yap PH. An optofluidic volume refractometer using Fabry-Pérot resonator with tunable liquid microlenses. Biomicrofluidics 2010; 4:024107. [PMID: 20697582 PMCID: PMC2917882 DOI: 10.1063/1.3430605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This letter reports the development of an optofluidic Fabry-Pérot (FP) resonator, which consists of a microcavity and a pair of liquid microlenses. The microcavity forms part of the microchannel to facilitate sample injection. The liquid microlenses are used for efficient light coupling from the optical fiber to the microcavity. The liquid microlens collimates the diverging light from the optical fiber into the FP cavity, which provides real-time tuning to obtain the highest possible finesse up to 18.79. In volume refractive index measurement, a sensitivity of 960 nm per refractive index unit (RIU) and a detection range of 0.043 RIU are achieved.
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30
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Chin LK, Liu AQ, Soh YC, Lim CS, Lin CL. A reconfigurable optofluidic Michelson interferometer using tunable droplet grating. Lab Chip 2010; 10:1072-1078. [PMID: 20358116 DOI: 10.1039/b920412a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel optofluidic Michelson interferometer based on droplet microfluidics used to create a droplet grating. The droplet grating is formed by a stream of plugs in the microchannel with constant refractive index variation. It has a real-time tunability in the grating period through varying the flow rates of the liquids and index variation via different combinations of liquids. The optofluidic Michelson interferometer is highly sensitive and is suitable for the measurement of biomedical and biochemical buffer solutions. The experimental results show that it has a sensitivity of 66.7 nm per refractive index unit (RIU) and a detection range of 0.086 RIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Chin
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore
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31
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Chan KYK, Xu MS, Ching JCY, Chan VS, Ip YC, Yam L, Chu CM, Lai ST, So KM, Wong TY, Chung PH, Tam P, Yip SP, Sham P, Lin CL, Leung GM, Peiris JSM, Khoo US. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD209 (DC-SIGN) promoter with SARS severity. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:37-42. [PMID: 20864747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Y K Chan
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, SAR, China
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32
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Khoo US, Chan KY, Ching JCY, Chan VS, Ip YC, Yam L, Chu CM, Lai ST, So KM, Wong TY, Chung PH, Tam P, Yip SP, Sham P, Leung GM, Lin CL, Peiris JSM. Functional role of ICAM-3 polymorphism in genetic susceptibility to SARS infection. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 6:26-29. [PMID: 19801714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- U S Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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33
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Chen MJ, Chu CC, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY, Yang KL. Detection of a rare Caucasoid HLA-DRB1*0337 in a Taiwanese bone marrow donor using sequence-based typing method. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 37:1-3. [PMID: 19758311 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00879.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We here describe the identification of HLA-DRB1*0337, using sequence-based typing (SBT) method, in a Taiwanese bone marrow donor intrigued by a casual curiosity on the donor's racial background. On high-resolution sequence-specific primer (SSP) typing we observed misleading reaction patterns due to similarity of DNA sequences in the exon 2 of DRB1*0301, *0317, *0337 and *1139. When encountering rare alleles in HLA typing, it is important to pay extra attentions to avoid pitfalls and shortcomings of SSP typing kits routinely used and bear in mind that constant up-dating of high-resolution SSP typing kits to be able to distinguish newly reported alleles. SBT may be considered as a back-up HLA typing method to confirm rare alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chen
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Marrow Donor Registry and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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34
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Chen MJ, Chu CC, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY, Yang KL. A novel HLA-B allele, B*5214, detected in a Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donor using a sequence-based typing method. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 37:39-41. [PMID: 19735312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
HLA-B*5214, a novel rare allele of HLA-B*52 variant, was found in a Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donor by sequence-based typing method. The sequence of B*5214 is identical to that of B*520101 in exon 2 but differs from B*520101 in exon 3 at nucleotide positions 419 A-->T and 435 A-->G. Alteration of these two nucleotides resulted an amino acid substitution at amino acid residue 116 Y-->F ( TAC-->TTC) and a silent exchange at residue 121 K-->K (AAA-->AAG).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chen
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Centre, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Centre, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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35
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Tsai HC, Yen HC, Hsu JC, Lin CL. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia associated with intra-tumour haemorrhage in cavernous sinus after cardiac myxoma surgery. Br J Neurosurg 2009; 23:95-6. [PMID: 19234918 DOI: 10.1080/02688690802272164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening disorder that is associated with heparin exposure. The incidence of HIT in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is relatively rare. We present a case of intratumor haemorrhage in the cavernous sinus 1 week after cardiac surgery. The pathogenesis may be venous thrombosis and haemorrhagic infarct caused by HIT following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. This is a rare case and has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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36
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Chen MJ, Yang TC, Chu CC, Shyr MH, Lin CL, Lin PY, Yang KL. Detection of a novel HLA-B27 allele, B*2740, in Taiwanese volunteer bone marrow donors by sequence-based typing: curiosity rewarded. Int J Immunogenet 2009; 36:207-11. [PMID: 19476482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00849.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We report here a novel HLA-B allele, B*2740, discovered in Taiwanese volunteer marrow donors. The new sequence has nucleotide variation at position 527 (T-->A) as compared to B*2708. The nucleotide change caused an amino acid substitution from valine (V) to glutamic acid (E) at codon 152. Since B*2740 carries sequence confers to HLA-Bw6 public epitope we believe that this novel B*27 allele might have been generated from a gene conversion involving a Bw4-specific allele (probably B*2704) and a Bw6-specific allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chen
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Cord Blood Bank, Buddhist Tzu Chi Marrow Donor Registry and Stem Cells Centre, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, 707 Section 3 Chung Yang Road, Hualien, Taiwan
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37
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Yang MC, Lin CL, Su WB, Lin SP, Lu SM, Lin HY, Chang CS, Hsu WK, Tsong TT. Phase contribution of image potential on empty quantum well States in pb islands on the cu(111) surface. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:196102. [PMID: 19518977 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.196102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to explore the quantum well states in the Pb islands grown on a Cu(111) surface. Our observation demonstrates that the empty quantum well states, whose energy levels lie beyond 1.2 eV above the Fermi level, are significantly affected by the image potential. As the quantum number increases, the energy separation between adjacent states is shrinking rather than widening, contrary to the prediction for a square potential well. By simply introducing a phase factor to reckon the effect of the image potential, the shrinking behavior of the energy separation can be reasonably explained with the phase accumulation model. The model also reveals that there exists a quantum regime above the Pb surface in which the image potential is vanished. Moreover, the quasi-image-potential state in the tunneling gap is quenched because of the existence of the quantum well states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
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38
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Toyoda H, Kumada T, Kiriyama S, Sone Y, Tanikawa M, Hisanaga Y, Kanamori A, Lin CL, Liu HF. Clinical and molecular characteristics of hepatitis A virus infections during the years 1992–2003 in Ogaki, a centrally located city of Japan. J Clin Virol 2009; 44:145-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Revised: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Khoo US, Chan KY, Chan VS, Ching JCY, Yam L, Chu CM, Lai ST, Wong TY, Tam P, Yip SP, Leung GM, Lin CL, Peiris JSM. Role of polymorphisms of the inflammatory response genes and DC-SIGNR in genetic susceptibility to SARS and other infections. Hong Kong Med J 2008; 14 Suppl 4:31-35. [PMID: 18708672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
1. A genetic risk-association study involving more than 1200 subjects showed individuals homozygous for L-SIGN tandem repeats are less susceptible to SARS infection. 2. This was supported by in vitro binding studies that demonstrated homozygous L-SIGN, compared to heterozygous, had higher binding capacity for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), with higher proteasome-dependent viral degradation. In contrast, homozygous L-SIGN demonstrated lower binding capacity for HIV1-gp120.3. Genetic-association studies for single nucleotide polymorphisms of the inflammatory response genes, namely TNF-alpha, INF-alpha, INF-beta, INF-gamma, IL1-alpha, IL1-beta, IL-4, IL-6 and iNOS, failed to show a significant association with SARS clinical outcomes or susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- U S Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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40
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Inbaraj BS, Lu H, Hung CF, Wu WB, Lin CL, Chen BH. Determination of carotenoids and their esters in fruits of Lycium barbarum Linnaeus by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 47:812-8. [PMID: 18486400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of Lycium barbarum Linnaeus, a traditional Chinese herb containing functional components such as carotenoids, flavonoids and polysaccharides, has been widely used in the health food industry because of its possible role in the prevention of chronic disease like age-related macular degeneration. The objectives of this study were to develop a high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) method with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mode for qualitative and quantitative analyses of carotenoids in fruits of L. barbarum. Dried samples of L. barbarum were subjected to extraction without saponification or extraction followed by saponification. A C30 column with a gradient mobile phase of methylene chloride (100%) and methanol-acetonitrile-water (81:14:5, v/v/v) was used to separate carotenoids, with a total of 11 free carotenoids and 7 carotenoid esters being resolved from unsaponified and saponified L. barbarum extracts within 51 and 41 min, respectively. The fatty acid composition of carotenoid esters was confirmed by gas chromatography. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (1143.7 microg/g) was present in the largest amount, followed by beta-cryptoxanthin monopalmitate and its two isomers (32.9-68.5 microg/g), zeaxanthin monopalmitate and its two isomers (11.3-62.8 microg/g), all-trans-beta-carotene (23.7 microg/g) and all-trans-zeaxanthin (1.4 microg/g).
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41
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Abstract
Stability conditions for a perturbed plant control by a conventional robust controller and a neuro controller are presented. The neural net-based direct inverse controller is proposed to aid the robust controller to further suppress the output error resulting from the unmodeled residuals. A procedure for determining the permissible network's output under which the overall closed-loop system will be robustly stable is provided.
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42
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Wey MY, Liu KY, Yu WJ, Lin CL, Chang FY. Influences of chlorine content on emission of HCl and organic compounds in waste incineration using fluidized beds. Waste Manag 2008; 28:406-15. [PMID: 17320369 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
HCl and some organic compounds are the precursors of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) in municipal solid waste incinerators. In this work, a lab-scale fluidized bed incinerator is adopted to study the relationship between the organic and the inorganic chlorine contents of artificial wastes and the emissions of HCl and organic compounds. The lower threshold limit (LTL) of chlorine content below which HCl and organic compounds are not generated is studied. Experimental results showed that organic chlorides had a greater potential to release chlorine than inorganic chlorides. The generation of organic pollutants fell, but the emissions of HCl increased with the temperature. The concentrations of chlorophenols (CPs)/chlorobenzenes (CBs) increased with chlorine contents. No LTL existed for HCl regardless of whether CaO was added. The LTL for CPs was between 0.1 and 0.3wt% of inorganic chloride, but there was none for organic sources. For CBs, the LTL was between 0.5 and 1.0wt% for inorganics at 700 and 800 degrees C, but 0.1-0.3 wt% at 700 degrees C and 0.3-0.5 wt% at 800 degrees C for organics. The production of PAHs and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) was related to the surplus hydrogen ions that were not reacted with the chlorine. Adding CaO inhibited the production of HCl, CBs and CPs, but did not seriously affect PAHs and BTEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
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43
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Lin CL, Lu SM, Su WB, Shih HT, Wu BF, Yao YD, Chang CS, Tsong TT. Manifestation of work function difference in high order Gundlach oscillation. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:216103. [PMID: 18233232 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.216103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gundlach oscillation (or the standing-wave state) is a general phenomenon manifesting in the tunneling spectrum acquired from a metal surface using scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Previous studies relate the energy shift between peaks of the lowest-order Gundlach oscillation observed on the thin film and the metal substrate to the difference in their work functions. By observing Gundlach oscillations on Ag/Au(111), Ag/Cu(111), and Co/Cu(111) systems, we demonstrate that the work function difference is not the energy shift of the lowest order but the ones of higher order where a constant energy shift exhibits. Higher order Gundlach oscillations can thus be applied to determine the work function of thin metal films precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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44
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Hu YH, Lin CL, Huang YW, Liu PE, Hwang DF. Dietary amino acid taurine ameliorates liver injury in chronic hepatitis patients. Amino Acids 2007; 35:469-73. [PMID: 17690950 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of dietary amino acid taurine on the liver function of chronic hepatitis patients was investigated. The 24 chronic hepatitis patients with 2-5 times over normal activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were selected and equally divided into taurine treatment and control groups. In taurine treatment group, each patient took 2 g taurine 3 times a day for three months, and then stopped treatment for 1 month. Patients taking placebo without taurine for 4 months served as a control group. ALT and AST activities and levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and thiobarbituric acid relative substances of serum plasma in the taurine group were all decreased at the end of three month treatment. The study suggested that dietary amino acid taurine may ameliorate liver injury for chronic hepatitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Hu
- Taoyuan Veteran Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
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Lin CL, Su YF, Dumont AS, Shih HC, Lieu AS, Howng SL, Lee KS, Kwan AL. The effect of an adenosine A1 receptor agonist in the treatment of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced cerebrovasospasm. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006; 148:873-9; discussion 879. [PMID: 16791438 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-006-0793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine is a potent vasodilator and an important modulator of cardiovascular function. It has been postulated that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in adenosine-induced vasodilation. This study was designed to examine the effect of an adenosine A1 agonist, N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), in the prevention of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)-induced vasospasm. Method. Experimental SAH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting 0.3 mL autogenous blood into the cisterna magna. Intraperitoneal injections of CPA (0.003 mg/kg), or vehicle were administered 5 min and 24 hours after induction of SAH. The degree of vasospasm was determined by averaging the cross sectional areas of the basilar artery 2 days after SAH. Expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in basilar artery were evaluated. Findings. There were no significant differences among the control and treated groups in physiological parameters recorded before sacrifice. When compared with animals in the control group, cross-sectional area of basilar arteries areas in the SAH only, SAH plus vehicle and SAH plus CPA groups were reduced by 19% (p < 0.01), 22% (p < 0.01), and 9% (p = 0.133), respectively. The cross-sectional areas of the CPA-treated group differed significantly from those of the SAH only and SAH plus vehicle group (p < 0.05). Induction of iNOS-mRNA and protein in basilar artery by SAH was not significantly diminished by CPA. The SAH-induced suppression of eNOS-mRNA and protein were relieved by CPA treatment. Conclusions. This is the first evidence to show an adenosine A1 receptor agonist is effective in partially preventing SAH-induced vasospasm without significant cardiovascular complications. The mechanisms of adenosine A1 receptor agonists in attenuating SAH-induced vasospasm may be, in part, related to preserve the normal eNOS expression after SAH. Inability in reversing the increased iNOS expression after SAH may lead to the incomplete anti-spastic effect of CPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lin CL, Ponsuksili S, Tholen E, Jennen DGJ, Schellander K, Wimmers K. Candidate gene markers for sperm quality and fertility of boar. Anim Reprod Sci 2006; 92:349-63. [PMID: 16242873 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2004] [Revised: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Candidate genes gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR), prolactin (PRL), prolactin receptor (PRLR), follicle-stimulating hormone beta (FSHB), luteinizing hormone beta (LHB), follistatin (FST), inhibin alpha (INHA), inhibin beta A (INHBA) and inhibin beta B (INHBB) were investigated for their association with sperm quality traits of sperm concentration (SCON), motility (MOT), semen volume per ejaculate (VOL), plasma droplets rate (PDR), abnormal sperm rate (ASR) and fertility traits of non return rate (NRR) and number of piglets born alive (NBA). The experimental material included 356 boars of Pietrain (PI) and Pietrain x Hampshire (PI x HA). Analysis of variance revealed significant association of GNRHR with MOT (P = 0.0161), PDR (P = 0.0048) and ASR (P = 0.0201), INHBA was found to have significant effects on PDR (P = 0.0318) and ASR (P = 0.0067), INHBB was significant (P = 0.0360) for SCON trait. FSHB, FST, INHA, PRL, PRLR and LHB had no significant effects on any trait in this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Chen SH, Chang FM, Tsai YC, Huang KF, Lin CL, Lin MT. Infusion of human umbilical cord blood cells protect against cerebral ischemia and damage during heatstroke in the rat. Exp Neurol 2006; 199:67-76. [PMID: 16405889 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 10/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravenously delivered human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) have been previously shown to improve both morphologic and functional recovery of heat-stroked rats. To extend these findings, we examined both the morphologic and functional alterations in the presence of HUCBC or human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) 24 h before initiation of heatstroke. Anesthetized rats, 1 day before the initiation of heatstroke, were divided into three major groups and given the following: (a) serum-free lymphocyte medium (0.3 ml) intravenously; (b) PBMC (5 x 10(6) in 0.3 ml serum-free lymphocyte medium); or (c) HUCBC (5 x 10(6) in 0.3 ml serum-free lymphocyte medium). Another group of rats were exposed to room temperature (26 degrees C) and used as normothermic controls. In vehicle-treated heatstroke rats, their mean arterial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and brain PO(2) were all lower than in normothermic controls after the onset of heatstroke. However, their body temperatures and striatal levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-dependent NO, ischemia and damage markers (e.g., glycerol, glutamate, and lactate/pyruvate ratio), and neuronal damage in the striatum were all greater. The heatstroke-induced arterial hypotension, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and increased levels of iNOS-dependent NO in the striatum were all significantly reduced by pretreatment with HUCBC, but not with PBMC. Moreover, HUCBC were localized by immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis in the injured brain structures and spleen. These findings indicate that HUCBC transplantation, in addition to having therapeutic values, can be a good choice for preventing heatstroke occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen CC, Huang CY, Huang FY, Dang CW, Lin CL, Lo FS, Lin CH, Tsang CC, Li HJ, Liu HF, Chu CC, Lin M, Lee YJ. The CBLB gene and Graves' disease in children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2005; 18:1119-26. [PMID: 16459459 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2005.18.11.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The CBLB gene functions as a negative regulator of autoimmunity. Impairment of the Cbl-b signaling pathway may contribute to human autoimmune disease. dbSNP rs2305035 is a C/T polymorphism located in exon 10 of the CBLB gene. We report an association study of this polymorphism in children with Graves' disease. The patients were 158 unrelated children (125 girls) with Graves' disease, aged 9.8 +/- 3.3 years. The controls consisted of 237 adults without a history of autoimmune disease. The C allele and phenotype frequencies of patients and controls were 247 (78.2%) vs 356 (75.1%) (OR = 1.19, p >0.05) and 151 (95.6%) vs 221 (93.2%) (OR = 1.56, p >0.05), respectively. The allelic polymorphism in patients and controls with and without DRB1*09012 were also not significantly different. This study demonstrates that the C/T polymorphism in exon 10 of the CBLB gene is not associated with Graves' disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ching Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Huang X, Heulings HR, Li J, Yuen T, Lin CL. Towards dilute magnetic semiconductors: Fe and Co substituted inorganic-organic hybrid materials based on ZnSe. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2005; 5:1487-91. [PMID: 16193962 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2005.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic hybrid nanostructures doped with magnetic ions have been synthesized via substitution of Zn by Co or Fe in the ZnSe(L)0.5 systems under solvothermal conditions. These dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS), Zn(1-x)MxSe(L)0.5 (M = Co, Fe; L = ethylenediamine or en, 1,3-propanediamine or pda; 0 < x < 1), are composed of perfectly ordered Zn(1-x)MxSe semiconductor monolayers interconnected by organic diamine molecules. The large blue shifts in their optical absorption edges (approximately 1.1-1.5 eV) compared to the bulk ZnSe are a direct result of a very strong quantum confinement effect (QCE). Magnetic studies show that there exist antiferromagnetic interactions between the Co or Fe centers in the structures and the interaction is enhanced as the doping concentration increases. The introduction of Fe or Co to hybrid inorganic-organic semiconductors provides a promising route to generate materials that combine the advantageous features of inorganic, organic, and magnetic functionalities in a single structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Hwang SL, Chang JH, Cheng CY, Howng SL, Sy WD, Lieu AS, Lin CL, Lee KS, Hong YR. The expression of rac1 pseudogene in human tissues and in human brain tumors. Eur Surg Res 2005; 37:100-4. [PMID: 15905615 DOI: 10.1159/000084540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Accepted: 10/12/2004] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that Rac is a regulator of cell morphology and growth. Rac1 gene appears to have involvement in tumorigenesis and metastatic potential. In our previous study of rac1 gene in 45 human brain tumors, rac1 pseudogene was found. The rac1 pseudogene is an intronless pseudogene and has a similarity of 86% with rac1 nucleotide sequence. The rac1 pseudogene contains 579 nucleotides and only 46 amino acids can be translated. Little is known about the expression of rac1 pseudogene in human tissues or tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of rac1 gene and rac1 pseudogene in different human tissues and brain tumors was investigated by the use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting. RESULTS The rac1 gene is apparently expressed in these 8 human tissues. The rac1 pseudogene is also apparently expressed in human tissues except for brain tissue. The overexpression of rac1 gene in brain tumors was 8% (2/25) and the overexpression of rac1 pseudogene was 76.9% (20/26). Only two astrocytomas had overexpression of rac1 gene, compared with normal brain tissues. The overexpression of rac1 pseudogene was 6 of 9 in meningiomas, 7 of 9 in astrocytomas, and 7 of 8 in pituitary adenomas. CONCLUSIONS High frequency of overexpression of rac1 pseudogene was detected in the human brain tumors when compared with that expressed in the normal brain tissues. Our study suggested that the rac1 pseudogene may play an important role of the tumorigenesis of brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Hwang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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