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Mugnaini R, Fradkin C, Urs S. Editorial: Open when, why, to whom? Changing challenges, perspectives and practices in a new research culture. Front Res Metr Anal 2023; 8:1303941. [PMID: 37915373 PMCID: PMC10616888 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1303941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Mugnaini
- School of Communication and Arts, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chris Fradkin
- School of Communication and Arts, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shalini Urs
- MYRA School of Business, Yelawala, Karnataka, India
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Fradkin C. Achieving Population Immunity Against the COVID-19 Threat. Oman Med J 2022; 37:e389. [PMID: 35949715 PMCID: PMC9344264 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2022.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Institute of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Fradkin C. COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the US is hampered by mistrust from Black and Latinx communities. Public Health 2021; 205:e12-e13. [PMID: 35034768 PMCID: PMC8660206 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Fradkin
- Institute of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Fradkin C, Mugnaini R. Open Science Indicators as Metadata Fields? Front Res Metr Anal 2021; 6:768428. [PMID: 34859174 PMCID: PMC8632496 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2021.768428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2000, there has been qualitative growth in the field of scientometrics. Innovations such as the DOI and the ORCID have irrevocably changed the scientific landscape. They have enabled analyses previously unheard of, in the decades preceding the new millennium. This paper proposes open science indicators (open data, open material, preregistration) as article-specific metadata fields. The authors reference the history of funding information, from bare acknowledgements to metadata field. The authors describe the mission of the Center for Open Science, and its TOP Factor database, as well as the performance of open science badges. Possibilities for a pilot study are explored, with an acknowledgement of the complexity of this undertaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States.,Institute of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogério Mugnaini
- School of Communication and Arts, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fradkin C. Is living in the US conducive to your health? Curr Res Behav Sci 2021; 2:100030. [PMID: 38620403 PMCID: PMC7935668 DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior to the coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19) of 2020, the United States was ranked first for its capacity to face infectious disease outbreaks. Twelve months later reveals a different story. The US, with less than 5% of the global population, has more than 20% of the world's Covid-19 deaths. In response, some may wonder: "Is living in the US conducive to your health?" I attempt to answer this question through an examination of several US health markers (health care costs, life expectancy, suicide rates, obesity rates, chronic disease burden) prior to the pandemic, in relation to those of 10 other high-income nations. In addition, I contrast the US Covid-19 performance with that of other nations who have managed the pandemic with a minimum of life loss and disruption. I conclude with the conclusions of health experts, who say the US is beset by a health crisis, due to decades of social inequalities. Although social change could remedy the situation, at present it lacks popular support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Fradkin C. Matthew D. Dewar: The Mindful Breathing Workbook for Teens: Simple Practices to Help You Manage Stress and Feel Better. J Youth Adolesc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Chris Fradkin
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Fradkin C. An incentive-based approach may be the only approach to achieve COVID-19 herd immunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 19:100686. [PMID: 34124327 PMCID: PMC8188382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2021.100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.,Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Fradkin C. Correction to: Karen Bluth: The Self-Compassionate Teen: Mindfulness and Compassion Skills to Conquer Your Critical Inner Voice. J Youth Adolesc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01403-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wallander JL, Fradkin C, Elliott MN, Cuccaro PM, Tortolero Emery S, Schuster MA. Racial/ethnic disparities in health-related quality of life and health status across pre-, early-, and mid-adolescence: a prospective cohort study. Qual Life Res 2019; 28:1761-1771. [PMID: 30927145 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine (1) racial/ethnic disparities in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and overall health status among Black, Latino, and White youth during adolescence; (2) whether socioeconomic status (SES) and family contextual variables influence disparities; and (3) whether disparities are consistent from pre- to early- to mid-adolescence. METHODS A population sample of 4823 Black (1755), Latino (1812), and White (1256) youth in three US metropolitan areas was prospectively assessed in a longitudinal survey conducted on three occasions, in 5th, 7th, and 10th grades, when youth reported their HRQOL using the PedsQL™ short-form Total, Physical and Psychosocial scales and youth and parents separately reported on youth's overall health status. Parents reported their education and household income to index SES, family structure, and use of English at home. RESULTS Based on analysis conducted separately at each grade, marked racial/ethnic disparities were observed across all measures of HRQOL and health status, favoring White and disfavoring Black, and especially Latino youth. More strongly present in 5th and 7th grade, HRQOL disparities decreased by 10th grade. Most disparities between White and Black youth disappeared when adjusting for SES. However, even after adjusting for SES, family structure, and English use, overall health status disparities disfavoring Latino youth remained across all three assessments. CONCLUSIONS Racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent HRQOL and health are substantial. These disparities appear consistent from pre- to early-adolescence but diminish for HRQOL by mid-adolescence. As disparities appear influenced by SES and other family contextual variables differently in different racial/ethnic groups, efforts to reduce health disparities in youth should address culturally specific conditions impinging on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, SSHA, University of California, 5200 N. Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA.
| | - Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, SSHA, University of California, 5200 N. Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA.,Departamento de Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Paula M Cuccaro
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA
| | - Susan Tortolero Emery
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA
| | - Mark A Schuster
- Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Fradkin C. The Impact of Non-Brazilian Contribution on the Publishing Performance of Psychology Journals in Brazil. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1934. [PMID: 30374320 PMCID: PMC6196258 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable variability in publishing performance among psychology journals in Brazil. However, research as to why is very scarce. This study empirically examined the relationship between non-Brazilian contribution and publishing performance, among these journals. A total of 746 articles from the top-18 psychology journals in Brazil were coded for study type, international collaboration, and non-Brazilian contribution. Analyses revealed that publishing performance was associated with the following: (i) international collaboration and (ii) non-Brazilian contribution. Collaboration with, and contribution from, English-speaking authors was more prevalent among the higher performing journals; while contribution from non-Brazilian Ibero-American authors was more prevalent among the lower performing journals. These findings suggest that publishing performance for psychology journals in Brazil may be strongly tied to non-Brazilian contribution. Implications may be relevant to journal publishers and editors, as well as arbiters of scientific policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Departamento de Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States
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Abstract
RESUMO Pesquisas indicam que crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco psicossocial podem estar mais vulneráveis a apresentar comportamentos com consequências negativas na vida adulta. Este estudo integra um levantamento analítico das relações entre adversidades da vida ficcional de personagens super-heróis, em fases pré-super-potência e adversidades citadas na vida real de crianças desfavorecidas psicossocialmente. Analisou-se uma amostra de 20 super-heróis de maior visibilidade na cultura pop e conduziu-se uma indexação detalhada. Verificou-se que todos os super-heróis passaram por adversidades similares aos grupos de crianças em risco, tais quais: o abandono da família, violência doméstica e bullying. Esse recurso ainda inexplorado apresenta potencial para ser desenvolvido em intervenções psicoeducacionais e subsidiar políticas públicas para a promoção de resiliência nessa população.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Fradkin
- Centro Universitário La Salle, Brazil; University of California, USA
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Fradkin C, Valentini NC, Nobre GC, Dos Santos JOL. Obesity and Overweight Among Brazilian Early Adolescents: Variability Across Region, Socioeconomic Status, and Gender. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:81. [PMID: 29682495 PMCID: PMC5897517 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As with most emerging nations, Brazil lacks up-to-date data on the prevalence of obesity and overweight among its children. Of particular concern is the lack of data on children in early adolescence, considered by many to be the crucial stage for weight-related healthcare. OBJECTIVE To assess regional, socioeconomic, and gender differences in the prevalence of obesity and overweight among Brazilian early adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a racially diverse sample of students aged 10-13 years, from schools in three geographic regions (north, northeast, south) (N = 1,738). Data on gender, age, race, socioeconomic status (SES), weight, and height were obtained. Weight class was calculated from age- and gender-adjusted body mass index, based on children's weight and height. Bivariate and multivariable analyses, with post hoc tests, were conducted to estimate differences between groups and were corrected for multiple comparisons. Procedures were approved by institutional review boards at study sites. RESULTS Analyses revealed a higher prevalence of obesity and/or overweight among: (1) children of higher SES; (2) children in southern Brazil; (3) males; and (4) Black females. CONCLUSION The most salient predictor of weight risk among Brazilian early adolescents is higher SES. This finding is consistent with previous findings of an inverse social gradient, in weight risk, among emerging-nation population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States
| | - Nadia C Valentini
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Glauber C Nobre
- School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Iguatu, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João O L Dos Santos
- School of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Fradkin C. Commentary: Fear of Massive Deportations in the United States: Social Implications on Deprived Pediatric Communities. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:9. [PMID: 29423393 PMCID: PMC5788897 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States
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Fradkin C, Huynh C. Commentary: Are Children Like Werewolves? Full Moon and Its Association with Sleep and Activity Behaviors in an International Sample of Children. Front Pediatr 2016; 4:61. [PMID: 27377694 PMCID: PMC4899436 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2016.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Huynh
- Centre de réadaptation en dépendance de Montréal – Institut universitaire, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fradkin C, Weschenfelder GV, Yunes MAM. Reprint of "Shared adversities of children and comic superheroes as resources for promoting resilience": Comic superheroes are an untapped resource for empowering vulnerable children. Child Abuse Negl 2016; 54:69-77. [PMID: 26952569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Fradkin C, Weschenfelder GV, Yunes MAM. Shared adversities of children and comic superheroes as resources for promoting resilience: Comic superheroes are an untapped resource for empowering vulnerable children. Child Abuse Negl 2016; 51:407-415. [PMID: 26560233 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Gomes WB, Fradkin C. Historical Notes on Psychology in Brazil: The Creation, Growth and Sustenance of Postgraduate Education. Psicol Reflex Crit 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-7153.2015284002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Fradkin C, Wallander JL, Elliott MN, Cuccaro P, Schuster MA. Regular physical activity has differential association with reduced obesity among diverse youth in the United States. J Health Psychol 2014; 21:1607-19. [PMID: 25476573 DOI: 10.1177/1359105314559622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether daily or almost daily lower-intensity physical activity was associated with reduced obesity, among 4824 African American, Hispanic, and White youth assessed in fifth and seventh grades. Regular lower-intensity physical activity was associated with reduced obesity only among Hispanic and White males and only in seventh grade, and not among youth in fifth grade, females, or African American males or females. Findings from this study suggest that the reduced obesity risk generally attributed to physical activity may not be consistent across racial/ethnic and gender groups of early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- University of California, Merced, USA UNILASALLE, Canoas, Brazil
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Fradkin C, Wallander JL, Elliott MN, Tortolero S, Cuccaro P, Schuster MA. Associations between socioeconomic status and obesity in diverse, young adolescents: variation across race/ethnicity and gender. Health Psychol 2014; 34:1-9. [PMID: 25133824 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity risk during early adolescence, ages 10-13 years, and whether this association is present in different racial/ethnic and gender groups during 2 time points in early adolescence. METHOD Data were from the Healthy Passages study, which enrolled 4,824 African American, Hispanic, and White 5th graders (ages 10-11) in a population-based, longitudinal study conducted in 3 U.S. metropolitan areas, and assessed them again 2 years later. Weight status was classified from measured body mass index using standard criteria into nonobese and obese (27% in 5th grade). SES was indexed based on highest education attainment in the household. RESULTS Youth in the highest SES had a significantly lower prevalence of obesity than those of lower SES at both 5th and 7th grades when disregarding race/ethnicity. Within-racial/ethnic group analyses mostly confirmed this pattern for Hispanic and White youth, but not for African American youth. When also considering gender, the SES differential in obesity risk was more pronounced among White girls and 5th-grade Hispanic boys. CONCLUSION Growing up in a high SES home, marked by having a member with at least a college degree, is associated with lower risk for obesity among Hispanic and White youth. For African American youth, there appears to be no association between SES and obesity. Thus the health advantage generally attributed to higher SES does not appear consistently across racial/ethnic groups for obesity in youth. Further research should identify influences on weight status beyond SES, especially among African American youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | - Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | | | - Susan Tortolero
- Prevention Research Center, University of Texas School of Public Health
| | - Paula Cuccaro
- Prevention Research Center, University of Texas School of Public Health
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Fradkin C, Wallander JL, Yamakawa Y, Schwebel DC, Chienl A, Le YCL, Li DH, Elliott M, Schuster M. Quality of Life Among Asian American Youth. Asian Am J Psychol 2014; 5:13-21. [PMID: 27087894 PMCID: PMC4831066 DOI: 10.1037/a0029822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to examine whether Asian American youth experience disparities in quality of life (QL) compared with Hispanic, African American, and white youth in the general population and to what extent socioeconomic status (SES) mediates any disparities among these racial/ethnic groups. Data were obtained from the Healthy Passages study, in which 4,972 Asian American (148; 3%), Hispanic (1,813; 36%), African American (1,755; 35%), and white (1,256; 25%) fifth-graders were enrolled in a population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in three U.S. metropolitan areas. Youth reported their own QL using the PedsQL and supplemental scales. Parents reported youth's overall health status as well as parent's education and household income level. Asian American youth experienced worse status than white youth for three of 10 QL and well-being measures, better status than Hispanic youth on six measures, and better status than African American youth on three measures. However, the observed advantages for Asian American youth over Hispanic and African American youth disappeared when the marked SES differences that are also present among these racial/ethnic groups were taken into account. In contrast, the differences between Asian American and white youth remained after adjusting for SES. These findings suggest that the disparities in QL that favor white youth over Asian American youth exist independent of SES and warrant further examination. In contrast, the QL differences that favor Asian American over Hispanic and African American youth may be partly explained by SES. Interpretations are limited by the heterogeneity existing among Asian Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fradkin
- Psychological Sciences, Center of Excellence on Health Disparities, and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | - Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences, Center of Excellence on Health Disparities, and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced
| | - Yoshimi Yamakawa
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Alyna Chienl
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Boston and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Yen-Chi L Le
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston
| | - Dennis H Li
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston
| | | | - Mark Schuster
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Boston, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, and RAND Corporation
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Wallander JL, Fradkin C, Chien AT, Mrug S, Banspach SW, Davies S, Elliott MN, Franzini L, Schuster MA. Racial/ethnic disparities in health-related quality of life and health in children are largely mediated by family contextual differences. Acad Pediatr 2012; 12:532-8. [PMID: 22884796 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine (1) racial/ethnic disparities in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and overall health status among African-American, Hispanic, and white 5th graders in the general population and (2) the extent to which socioeconomic status (SES) and other family contextual variables mediate any disparities. METHODS A total of 4824 African-American, Hispanic, and white fifth-graders participating in a population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in 3 U.S. metropolitan areas reported their own HRQOL by using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 and supplemental personal and social well-being scales. Parents reported these children's overall health status. SES was indexed by parent education and household income. Other family contextual variables included family structure and degree to which English is spoken at home. RESULTS Marked racial/ethnic disparities were observed across all measures of HRQOL and health status, favoring white children and especially disfavoring Hispanic children. Most of these disparities were no longer significant after adjusting for SES and other family contextual differences that were observed among these racial/ethnic groups. Only disparities in parent-reported overall health status and self-reported global self-worth remained. CONCLUSIONS Racial/ethnic disparities in children's health status are substantial but may be mediated by corresponding disparities in SES and other family contextual variables. Race/ethnicity and family context are related to one another and should be considered jointly in efforts to reduce health disparities in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan L Wallander
- Psychological Sciences, Center of Excellence on Health Disparities, University of California, Merced, USA.
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