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Hassan B, Tawfik MM, Schiff E, Mosavian R, Kelly Z, Li D, Petti A, Bangar M, Schiff BA, Yang CJ. Harnessing In Situ Simulation to Identify Human Errors and Latent Safety Threats in Adult Tracheostomy Care. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2024; 50:279-284. [PMID: 38171951 PMCID: PMC10978288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheostomies are associated with high rates of complications and preventable harm. Safe tracheostomy management requires highly functioning teams and systems, but health care providers are poorly equipped with tracheostomy knowledge and resources. In situ simulation has been used as a quality improvement tool to audit multidisciplinary team emergency response in the actual clinical environment where care is delivered but has been underexplored for tracheostomy care. METHODS From July 2021 to May 2022, the study team conducted in situ simulations of a tracheostomy emergency scenario at Montefiore Medical Center to identify human errors and latent safety threats (LSTs). Simulations included structured debriefs as well as audiovisual recording that allowed for blind rating of these human errors and LSTs. Provider knowledge deficits were further characterized using pre-simulation quizzes. RESULTS Twelve human errors and 15 LSTs were identified over 20 simulations with 88 participants overall. LSTs were divided into the following categories: communication, equipment, and infection control. Only 50.0% of teams successfully replaced the tracheostomy tube within the scenario's five-minute time limit. In addition, knowledge gaps were highly prevalent, with a median pre-simulation quiz score of 46% (interquartile range 36-64) among participants. CONCLUSION An in situ simulation-based quality improvement approach shed light on human errors and LSTs associated with tracheostomy care across multiple settings in one health system. This method of engaging frontline health care provider key stakeholders will inform the development, adaptation, and implementation of interventions.
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Moran S, Anderson C, Sheni R, Azmy M, Li DT, Loizides AM, Yang CJ. Factors associated with eosinophilic esophagitis in an urban, tertiary care pediatric aerodigestive population undergoing triple endoscopy. Am J Otolaryngol 2024; 45:104096. [PMID: 37956499 PMCID: PMC10842024 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.104096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with aerodigestive dysfunction often undergo triple endoscopy (flexible bronchoscopy, rigid direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy) for diagnostic evaluation as well as screening prior to airway reconstruction. Prevalence and risk factors for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in this population are poorly understood. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed for pediatric patients, aged 0-21 years, who received a triple endoscopy with biopsy from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019, at the Children's Hospital at Montefiore (CHAM). Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to compare the baseline characteristics between patients with and without EoE to assess for potential predictors of EoE. RESULTS Of the 119 cases included in the analysis, 16.0 % (19) received a histopathologic diagnosis of EoE following triple endoscopy. Patients with EoE were more likely to have a family history of eczema (p = 0.02) and a dairy-free diet (p = 0.02). Age, sex, history of environmental allergies, and recency of initiating oral diet were not significantly associated with increased odds of an EoE diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS A family history of eczema and a diet lacking allergenic foods, such as milk, may be associated with an increased risk of a future diagnosis of EoE in patients with aerodigestive dysfunction. Larger, multi-institutional studies are needed to identify early predictors of EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Moran
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America
| | | | - Risha Sheni
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Monica Azmy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Daniel T Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Anthony M Loizides
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, United States of America.
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Kohanzadeh A, Wajsberg B, Yakubova E, Kravitz MB, Choi J, Gao Q, Sutton NJ, Yang CJ. Association and risk factors of pediatric pulmonary hypertension with obstructive sleep apnea: A national study utilizing the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 175:111750. [PMID: 37844425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Assess the prevalence of and risk factors for pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the 2016 Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional cohort study utilizing 6,081,132 weighted pediatric discharges from the 2016 KID. Study variables included age, length of stay, mortality, gender, hospital region, primary payer, race, median household income for patient's ZIP code, OSA, central sleep apnea (CSA), obesity, Down syndrome, sickle cell disease (SCD), thalassemia, congenital heart disease (CHD), hypertension, asthma and chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLDP). PH was the primary outcome of interest. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were utilized with odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals. RESULTS The mean age was 3.76 years, the mean hospital length of stay was 3.85 days, 48.9 % were male, 52.6 % had government health insurance, 51.0 % were White, 16.1 % were Black, 21.1 % were Hispanic, 5.0 % were Asian or Pacific Islander, 0.80 % were Native American and 6.1 % identified as "other". The prevalence of PH was 0.21 % (12,777 patients). There were 37,631 patients with OSA and the prevalence of PH among this cohort was 3.3 %, over 10x greater than the overall prevalence of PH in the 2016 KID (0.21 %). Risk factors associated with PH included CLDP, CHD, Down syndrome, asthma, OSA, CSA, hypertension, SCD, obesity, race/ethnicity, government insurance, age, male gender (p < 0.0001), and hospital region (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS Several risk factors were independently associated with PH, such as OSA, CSA, obesity, asthma, and insurance status. Prospective multi-institutional studies are needed to assess the relationships between these risk factors, severity metrics, and causative links in the development of PH; in addition to identifying children with OSA who are most likely to benefit from cardiopulmonary screening prior to adenotonsillectomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Yakubova
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Morningside and West Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meryl B Kravitz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jaeun Choi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Qi Gao
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nicole J Sutton
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Schiff E, Propst EJ, Balakrishnan K, Johnson K, Lounsbury DW, Brenner MJ, Tawfik MM, Yang CJ. Pediatric Tracheostomy Emergency Readiness Assessment Tool: International Consensus Recommendations. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3588-3601. [PMID: 37114735 PMCID: PMC10710770 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To achieve consensus on critical steps and create an assessment tool for actual and simulated pediatric tracheostomy emergencies that incorporates human and systems factors along with tracheostomy-specific steps. METHODS A modified Delphi method was used. Using REDCap software, an instrument comprising 29 potential items was circulated to 171 tracheostomy and simulation experts. Consensus criteria were determined a priori with a goal of consolidating and ordering 15 to 25 final items. In the first round, items were rated as "keep" or "remove". In the second and third rounds, experts were asked to rate the importance of each item on a 9-point Likert scale. Items were refined in subsequent iterations based on analysis of results and respondents' comments. RESULTS The response rates were 125/171 (73.1%) for the first round, 111/125 (88.8%) for the second round, and 109/125 (87.2%) for the third round. 133 comments were incorporated. Consensus (>60% participants scoring ≥8, or mean score >7.5) was reached on 22 items distributed across three domains. There were 12, 4, and 6 items in the domains of tracheostomy-specific steps, team and personnel factors, and equipment respectively. CONCLUSIONS The resultant assessment tool can be used to assess both tracheostomy-specific steps as well as systems factors affecting hospital team response to simulated and clinical pediatric tracheostomy emergencies. The tool can also be used to guide debriefing discussions of both simulated and clinical emergencies, and to spur quality improvement initiatives. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5 Laryngoscope, 133:3588-3601, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Schiff
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Evan J Propst
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karthik Balakrishnan
- Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Kaalan Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington/ Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David W Lounsbury
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Michael J Brenner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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Schiff E, Ma A, Cheung T, Tawfik M, Ference RS, Weinstock MS, Martin Levy I, Yang CJ. Teaching Tracheostomy Tube Changes: Comparison of Operant Learning Versus Traditional Demonstration. OTO Open 2023; 7:e93. [PMID: 38034062 PMCID: PMC10687377 DOI: 10.1002/oto2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Tracheostomy tube change is a multistep skill that must be performed rapidly and precisely. Despite the critical importance of this skill, there is wide variation in teaching protocols. Methods An innovative operant conditioning teaching methodology was employed and compared to traditional educational techniques. Medical student volunteers at a tertiary care academic institution (Albert Einstein College of Medicine) were recruited and randomly distributed into 2 groups: operant vs traditional (control). Following the educational session, each group was provided with practice time and then asked to perform 10 tracheostomy tube changes. Performance was recorded and scored by blinded raters using deidentified video recordings. Results The operant learning group (OLG) demonstrated greater accuracy in performing a tracheostomy tube change than the traditional demonstration group. Twelve of 13 operant learners performed the skill accurately each time compared to 3 of 13 in the traditional group (P = 0.002). The median lesson time was longer for the OLG (535 seconds) than for the traditional group, (200 seconds P < 0.001). The average time per tracheostomy change was not significantly different between the 2 groups (operant learners mean 7.1 seconds, traditional learners mean 7.5 seconds, P = 0.427). Discussion Although the operant conditioning methodology necessarily requires a greater time to teach, the results support this methodology over traditional learning modalities as it enhances accuracy in the acquired skill. Operant learning methodology is under consideration for other skills and education sessions in our program. Future steps include the application and adaptation of this education model to students and residents in other settings and fields. Implications for Practice Operant learning is effective for teaching multistep skills such as tracheostomy tube changes with decreased error rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Ma
- Department of Emergency MedicineMount Sinai Morningside and Mount Sinai WestNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Tracy Cheung
- Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Ryan S. Ference
- Department of AnesthesiologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Michael S. Weinstock
- Department of Surgery, Division of OtolaryngologyYale New Haven Children's HospitalNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - I. Martin Levy
- Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryMontefiore Medical CenterNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Christina J. Yang
- Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryMontefiore Medical CenterNew York CityNew YorkUSA
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Ponduri A, Azmy MC, Axler E, Lin J, Schwartz R, Chirilă M, Dikkers FG, Yang CJ, Mehta V, Gangar M. The Efficacy of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination as an Adjuvant Therapy in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2046-2054. [PMID: 36651338 PMCID: PMC10859188 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination as an adjuvant therapy in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science databases were queried for articles published before April 2021. REVIEW METHODS All retrieved studies (n = 870) were independently analyzed by two reviewers according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 13 studies met inclusion criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to study intersurgical interval (ISI) and number of surgical procedures per year before and after vaccination. RESULTS The systematic review included 13 studies, comprising 243 patients. All studies utilized the Gardasil® quadrivalent vaccine, and one study (Yiu et al. 2019) utilized both the quadrivalent and Gardasil® 9-valent vaccines. Our meta-analysis included 62 patients with ISI data across 4 studies, and 111 patients with data on the number of surgical procedures per month across 7 studies. The mean number of surgical procedures decreased by 4.43 per year after vaccination (95% CI, -7.48 to -1.37). Mean ISI increased after vaccination, with a mean difference of 15.73 months (95% CI, 1.46-29.99). Two studies reported on HPV sero-conversion, with HPV seropositivity of 100% prior to vaccination and 25.93% after vaccination. CONCLUSION The addition of HPV vaccination was associated with an increase in time between surgeries and reduction in the number of surgical procedures required. HPV vaccination may be a beneficial adjuvant treatment for RRP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 133:2046-2054, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Ponduri
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Monica C Azmy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Eden Axler
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Juan Lin
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Magdalena Chirilă
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Frederik G Dikkers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Vikas Mehta
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Mona Gangar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
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Yang CJ, Saggar V, Seneviratne N, Janzen A, Ahmed O, Singh M, Restivo A, Yoon A, Bajaj K, Ahmed ST, Moseley M, Moss H, Jafri FN. In Situ Simulation as a Quality Improvement Tool to Identify and Mitigate Latent Safety Threats for Emergency Department SARS-CoV-2 Airway Management: A Multi-Institutional Initiative. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2023; 49:297-305. [PMID: 37003946 PMCID: PMC9951608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In situ simulation has emerged as a powerful quality improvement (QI) tool in the identification of latent safety threats (LSTs). Following the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 at an urban epicenter of the disease, a multi-institutional collaborative was formed to integrate an in situ simulation protocol across five emergency departments (EDs) for systems improvement of acute airway management. METHODS A prospective, multi-institutional QI initiative using two Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles was implemented across five EDs. Each institution conducted simulations involving mannequins in acute respiratory failure requiring definitive airways. Simulations and systems-based debriefs were standardized. LSTs were collected in an online database, focused on (1) equipment availability, (2) infection control, and (3) communication. RESULTS From June 2020 through May 2021, 58 of 70 (82.9%) planned simulations were completed across five sites with 328 unique individual participants. Overall LSTs per simulation (7.00-4.69, p < 0.001) and equipment LSTs (3.00-1.46, p < 0.001) decreased from cycle 1 to cycle 2. Changes in mean LSTs for infection control and communication categories varied among sites. There was no correlation between total LSTs or any of the categories and team size. Number of beds occupied was significantly negatively correlated with total and infection control LSTs. CONCLUSION This study was unique in simultaneously running a structured in situ protocol across numerous diverse institutions during a global pandemic. This initiative found similar categories of threats across sites, and the protocol developed empowered participants to implement changes to mitigate identified threats.
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Stone A, Jiang ST, Stahl MC, Yang CJ, Smith RV, Mehta V. Development and Interrater Agreement of a Novel Classification System Combining Medical and Surgical Adverse Event Reporting. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 149:424-429. [PMID: 36995708 PMCID: PMC10064281 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Importance Categorization systems for adverse events are not standardized across care settings and specialties and do not always include near miss events (events where there was potential for patient harm, but where no actual harm occurred), making it difficult to effectively assess patient safety for quality improvement. Objective To develop and assess interrater agreement on a classification system for adverse events reporting that incorporates events in both inpatient and outpatient settings across medical and surgical subspecialties including near miss events. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center including 174 patient cases occurring from 2018 to 2020 was carried out. Data were abstracted from a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Quality Assurance database. The cases were comprised of near miss and adverse events occurring in adult and pediatric patients in inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department settings. The ratings took place in March and April of 2022. Exposures Four raters (2 attending physicians and 2 senior resident physicians) were recruited to classify these cases according to 3 classification systems: the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCC-MERP), Clavien-Dindo, and our novel Quality Improvement Classification System (QICS). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was overall interrater agreements using Fleiss κ. Results Across all 4 raters grading 174 cases, the NCC-MERP, Clavien-Dindo, and QICS received a κ score. Fair-to-moderate interrater reliability was observed between the resident and attending physician groups across the 3 classification systems: NCC-MERP (κ = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.30-0.35), Clavien-Dindo (κ = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.43-0.50), and QICS (κ = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.39-0.44). Strong interrater concordance was observed for complications across all scenarios. Conclusion and Relevance This cross-sectional study found that the new QICS classification scheme was applicable to wide-ranging clinical scenarios with a focus on patient-centered outcomes including near miss events. In addition, QICS allowed for the comparison of patient outcome data in a multitude of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Stone
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Sydney T. Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Maximilian C. Stahl
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Graduate Medical Education, St Joseph’s Medical Center, Stockton, California
| | - Christina J. Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Richard V. Smith
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Vikas Mehta
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
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Jafri FN, Yang CJ, Kumar A, Torres RE, Ahmed ST, Seneviratne N, Zarowin D, Bajaj K, Edwards RA. In Situ Simulation as a Tool to Longitudinally Identify and Track Latent Safety Threats in a Structured Quality Improvement Initiative for SARS-CoV-2 Airway Management: A Single-Center Study. Simul Healthc 2023; 18:16-23. [PMID: 35085181 DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In situ simulation has emerged as a powerful tool for identifying latent safety threats (LSTs). After the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an urban community emergency department (ED) identified opportunities for improvement surrounding acute airway management and particularly focused on infection control precautions, equipment availability, and interprofessional communication during acute resuscitation. Using the Model for Improvement, a hybrid in situ/quality improvement initiative was implemented using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles to enhance systems for intubating patients with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS Three PDSA cycles consisting of 10 simulations each were conducted from June 2020 through February 2021. Latent safety threats (LST) were identified through an in situ simulation scenario involving a patient with SARS-CoV-2 in acute respiratory failure. LSTs were collected through structured debriefs focused on (1) infection control, (2) equipment availability, and (3) communication. The SAFER-Matrix was used to score LSTs according to frequency and likelihood of harm by members of the ED QI team (SAFER score). The research team worked with the same QI leaders to implement action plans based on scored threats using cause-and-effect and driver diagrams. The Donabedian model was used to conceptually evaluate the quality of interventions upon conclusion of the third PDSA cycle. RESULTS The median SAFER score decreased from 10.94 in PDSA cycle 1 to 6.77 in PDSA cycle 2 to 4.71 in PDSA cycle 3. Across all identified LSTs, the SAFER score decreased by 3.114 for every additional PDSA cycle ( P = 0.0167). When evaluating for threats identified as being primarily structure based, there was a decrease in SAFER score of 1.28 per every additional PDSA cycle ( P = 0.001). There was a decrease in total count of LST of 0.20 per additional simulation run ( P = 0.02) after controlling for shift type, census, perceived workload, team size, and prior attendance in simulations across all PDSA cycles. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a blueprint for the utilization of in situ simulation through multiple waves of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to identify LSTs and use the SAFER score as a surrogate marker to monitor the impact of interventions for a safer environment for both medical staff and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh N Jafri
- From the Emergency Department (F.N.J.), White Plains Hospital/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, White Plains; Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (C.J.Y.), Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Pediatrics, Bronx, NY; Health Professions Education Department (A.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA; Administration Department (R.E.T.), White Plains Hospital/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, White Plains; Otolaryngology Department (S.T.A., N.S., D.Z.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Administration Department (K.B.), NYC Health + Hospitals, Bronx, NY; and Health Professions Education Department (R.A.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
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Chen H, Yan X, He F, Ding SC, Diao JF, Guo H, Cao SM, Yang CJ, Yin F. [Clinical study on application of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:61-65. [PMID: 36603886 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20220610-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the application value of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients who admitted consecutively and underwent intracerebral lesions biopsy with the domestic frameless stereotactic robot at Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 36 males and 44 females, with a mean age of (38.5±18.0) years (range: 6 to 71 years). Before surgery only enhanced T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared gradient echo sequences and diffusion tensor imaging scans were performed. Self-reconstruction of intracranial lesions, cerebral cortex and blood vessels was carried out using 3D Slicer software system after the DICOM format imaging data of 80 patients were collected. These imaging data were merged to the workstation of the domestic frameless stereotactic robot for preoperative surgical planning and the surgical puncture path was designed to avoid blood vessels in the brain functional area, cerebral cortex and sulcus. Results: All frameless stereotactic biopsy were successfully performed. Postoperative pathological diagnosis included 50 cases of diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglioma, 15 cases of lymphoma, 5 cases of metastatic tumors, 5 cases of inflammatory demyelinating disease, 2 cases of inflammatory granuloma, 1 case of hemangioma, 1 case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia intracranial invasion and 1 case of seminoma. The positive diagnosis rate was 100% (80/80). Postoperative imaging confirmed that the puncture path and target were accurately implemented according to the preoperative planning, and the target error was (1.32±0.44) mm (range: 0.55 to 1.99 mm). One case of puncture-related bleeding occurred at the target after surgery and improved after treatment. Conclusion: The three-dimensional multimodal images reconstructed by the 3D Slicer software before operation could help the surgeons make the preoperative planning and reduce the risk of stereotactic brain biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - X Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - S C Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J F Diao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - S M Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Rollins JT, Wajsberg B, Bitners AC, Burton WB, Hametz PA, Chambers TA, Yang CJ. Admission practices following pediatric tonsillectomy: A survey of ASPO members. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 162:111286. [PMID: 36206700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) have specified postoperative admission criteria for pediatric tonsillectomy, there is substantial variation in guideline implementation and adherence among otolaryngologists in practice. We aimed to assess pediatric otolaryngologists' post-tonsillectomy admission practices and to examine patient and surgeon factors associated with differences in admission practices. METHODS An electronic cross-sectional survey was distributed to members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) to determine current practices regarding admission practices following pediatric tonsillectomy. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed to compare differences in adherence to tonsillectomy CPGs by respondent characteristics. RESULTS The survey was sent to 644 pediatric otolaryngologists with a response rate of 19.1%. 37% of respondents reported "always" and 60% "often" using the Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) CPG to guide decision for admission. Years in practice was the factor most strongly associated with admission practices, with 10 or fewer years in practice significantly correlated with stricter adherence to the AAO-HNS CPG of overnight observation when Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥10, age <3 years, or O2 nadir <80%) (OR 4.2, p <0.001), as well as specific individual criteria such as an AHI ≥10 (OR 4.1, p = 0.03). Respondents in an academic practice setting were more likely to admit children <3 years of age than those in private practice (OR 5.0, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Admission practices varied among pediatric otolaryngologist survey respondents, and strict AAO-HNS CPG adherence was associated with fewer years in practice and academic practice setting. These results suggest that further study investigating factors influencing guideline adherence and post-tonsillectomy admission practices is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna C Bitners
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Patricia A Hametz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Terry-Ann Chambers
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bronx, NY, USA.
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12
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Thal AG, Ahmed S, Kim S, Yang CJ, Gao Q, Gangar M, Mehta V. Assessing Impact: Implementing an Opioid Prescription Protocol in Otolaryngology. J Patient Saf 2022; 18:e992-e998. [PMID: 35093975 DOI: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A lack of guidance for pain control after otolaryngology surgery can lead to overprescription of opioids. We implemented a postoperative site-specific opioid prescription protocol and analyzed the impact on opioid prescriptions. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study. A postoperative opioid prescription protocol was implemented within our otolaryngology department at a tertiary academic medical center on January 1, 2020. Retrospective chart review was completed for all patients undergoing otolaryngology surgery from November 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020 (2 months before and after initiation of intervention; n = 1070). The primary outcome was change in the amount of opioid prescribed for the preintervention and postintervention cohorts. Unplanned contact related to pain and opioid refills were tracked to assess pain control. RESULTS A total of 940 cases were included; adult and pediatric data were analyzed separately. There were 489 pediatric cases, 250 preintervention and 239 postintervention. There was a significant decrease in the amount of opioid prescribed per pediatric patient in the postintervention cohort (2.7 versus 0.32 morphine milligram equivalents, P = 0.02), and 99% of patients were not prescribed opioids at all. There was no significant change in unplanned contact, and no refills were required. There were 451 adult cases, 200 preintervention and 251 postintervention. There was no statistically significant decrease in the amount of opioid prescribed per adult patient (56.8 versus 51.7 morphine milligram equivalents, P = 0.23). There was no significant increase in unplanned contact or refills. CONCLUSIONS A postoperative opioid prescribing protocol can reduce the amount of opioid prescribed without increasing unplanned contact or opioid refills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle G Thal
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center
| | - Sadia Ahmed
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York
| | - Stanley Kim
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York
| | - Christina J Yang
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center
| | - Qi Gao
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York
| | - Mona Gangar
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center
| | - Vikas Mehta
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center
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13
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Pandian V, Hopkins BS, Yang CJ, Ward E, Sperry ED, Khalil O, Gregson P, Bonakdar L, Messer J, Messer S, Chessels G, Bosworth B, Randall DM, Freeman-Sanderson A, McGrath BA, Brenner MJ. Amplifying patient voices amid pandemic: Perspectives on tracheostomy care, communication, and connection. Am J Otolaryngol 2022; 43:103525. [PMID: 35717856 PMCID: PMC9172276 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate perspectives of patients, family members, caregivers (PFC), and healthcare professionals (HCP) on tracheostomy care during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The cross-sectional survey investigating barriers and facilitators to tracheostomy care was collaboratively developed by patients, family members, nurses, speech-language pathologists, respiratory care practitioners, physicians, and surgeons. The survey was distributed to the Global Tracheostomy Collaborative's learning community, and responses were analyzed. RESULTS Survey respondents (n = 191) from 17 countries included individuals with a tracheostomy (85 [45 %]), families/caregivers (43 [22 %]), and diverse HCP (63 [33.0 %]). Overall, 94 % of respondents reported concern that patients with tracheostomy were at increased risk of critical illness from SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19; 93 % reported fear or anxiety. With respect to prioritization of care, 38 % of PFC versus 16 % of HCP reported concern that patients with tracheostomies might not be valued or prioritized (p = 0.002). Respondents also differed in fear of contracting COVID-19 (69 % PFC vs. 49 % HCP group, p = 0.009); concern for hospitalization (55.5 % PFC vs. 27 % HCP, p < 0.001); access to medical personnel (34 % PFC vs. 14 % HCP, p = 0.005); and concern about canceled appointments (62 % PFC vs. 41 % HCP, p = 0.01). Respondents from both groups reported severe stress and fatigue, sleep deprivation, lack of breaks, and lack of support (70 % PFC vs. 65 % HCP, p = 0.54). Virtual telecare seldom met perceived needs. CONCLUSION PFC with a tracheostomy perceived most risks more acutely than HCP in this global sample. Broad stakeholder engagement is necessary to achieve creative, patient-driven solutions to maintain connection, communication, and access for patients with a tracheostomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinciya Pandian
- Immersive Learning and Digital Innovation, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Research Group, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
| | - Brandon S Hopkins
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, NY, United States of America.
| | - Erin Ward
- Global Tracheostomy Collaborative, Raleigh, NC, United States of America; Family Liaison, Multidisciplinary Tracheostomy Team, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; MTM-CNM Family Connection, Inc., Methuen, MA, United States of America(1)
| | - Ethan D Sperry
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Ovais Khalil
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
| | - Prue Gregson
- Tracheostomy Review and Management Services, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lucy Bonakdar
- Tracheostomy Review and Management Services, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jenny Messer
- Austin Health Tracheostomy Patient & Family Forum
| | - Sally Messer
- Austin Health Tracheostomy Patient & Family Forum
| | - Gabby Chessels
- Austin Health Tracheostomy Patient & Family Forum, Tracheostomy Review and Management Services, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, Heidelberg Heights, VIC, Australia.
| | | | - Diane M Randall
- Memorial Regional Health System, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States of America.
| | - Amy Freeman-Sanderson
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Critical Care Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Brendan A McGrath
- Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester, United Kingdom; Manchester Academic Critical Care, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael J Brenner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Global Tracheostomy Collaborative, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Kelly
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
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15
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Wajsberg B, Li D, Kohanzadeh A, Bitners AC, Gorthey S, Gibber MJ, Rong E, Bent JP, Gangar M, Yang CJ. Impact of a postgraduate year one (PGY-1) otolaryngology bootcamp on procedural skill development. MedEdPublish 2022; 12:47. [PMID: 36168536 PMCID: PMC9427082 DOI: 10.12688/mep.19187.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
To measure the impact of an intensive eight-week postgraduate year one (PGY-1) otolaryngology bootcamp on the acquisition and retention of otolaryngology residents’ procedural skills compared to the traditional method of skill acquisition through clinical exposure. Methods: Residents at our institution were evaluated on their performance of flexible laryngoscopy, suture ligature, and rigid bronchoscopy setup at three time points: pre-bootcamp, one-week post-bootcamp, and one-year post-bootcamp. Video recordings were scored by two blinded faculty reviewers using a multipoint rating system. A control group of rising postgraduate year two (PGY-2) residents who did not participate in bootcamp were recorded performing these same skills. Scores in the three skills were compared between groups via
t-tests. The eight-week bootcamp curriculum for PGY-1s was held at the Montefiore Einstein Center for Innovation in Simulation at Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center. The participants were two classes of PGY-1 residents (n=8) at our institution who participated in a bootcamp at the beginning of residency, and one class of rising PGY-2 residents (n=3) who did not participate in a bootcamp (control group). Results: A comparison of pre-bootcamp scores to one-week post-bootcamp scores showed significant improvement in suture ligature (
P<0.05) and rigid bronchoscopy (
P<0.05), but no difference in flexible laryngoscopy (
P=0.54). Suture ligature (
P=0.09) and rigid bronchoscopy (
P=0.25) skills were not significantly different from one-week post-bootcamp to one-year post-bootcamp; however, a significant skill improvement was observed in flexible laryngoscopy (
P<0.05). By June of PGY1 year, the two bootcamp cohorts were similar to controls in all three skills: flexible laryngoscopy (
P=0.05), rigid bronchoscopy (
P=0.26), and suture ligature (
P=0.10). Conclusions: Participation in PGY-1 bootcamp was associated with improved acquisition and short-term retention of basic procedural skills, suggesting that bootcamps can be an effective arena to teach basic skills in otolaryngology. PGY-1 bootcamp is a promising arena for multi-institutional development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Li
- Department of Surgery (Division of Otolaryngology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Anna C. Bitners
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott Gorthey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Marc J. Gibber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Esther Rong
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - John P. Bent
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mona Gangar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Christina J. Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center/Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
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16
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Dadario NB, Bellido S, Restivo A, Kulkarni M, Singh M, Yoon A, Shapiro J, Quintero F, Tagami T, Yang CJ, Jafri FN. Using a Logic Model to Enable and Evaluate Long-Term Outcomes of a Mass Casualty Training Program: A Single Center Case Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 16:1116-1122. [PMID: 34044903 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Global health disasters are on the rise and can occur at any time with little advance warning, necessitating preparation. The authors created a comprehensive evidence-based Emergency Preparedness Training Program focused on long-term retention and sustained learner engagement. METHOD A prospective observational study was conducted of a simulation-based mass casualty event training program designed using an outcomes-based logic model. A total of 25 frontline healthcare workers from multiple hospital sites in the New York metropolitan area participated in an 8-hour immersive workshop. Data was collected from assessments, and surveys provided to participants 3 weeks prior to the workshop, immediately following the workshop, and 3 months after completion of the workshop. RESULTS The mean percentage of total knowledge scores improved across pre-workshop, post-workshop and retention (3 months post-workshop) assessments (53.2% vs. 64.8% vs. 67.6%, P < 0.05). Average comfort scores in the core MCI competencies increased across pre-workshop, post-workshop and retention self-assessments (P < 0.01). Of the participants assessed at 3 months retention (n = 14, 56%), 50.0% (n = 7) assisted in updating their hospital's emergency operations plan and 50.0% (n = 7) pursued further self-directed learning in disaster preparedness medicine. CONCLUSIONS The use of the logic model provided a transparent framework for the design, implementation, and evaluation of a competency-based EPT program at a single academic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Dadario
- Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Simon Bellido
- White Plains Hospital Center, Emergency Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Restivo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Weiler Division, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Kulkarni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. John's Riverside Hospital, Yonkers, NY, USA
| | - Maninder Singh
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Yoon
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Moses Division, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jared Shapiro
- Environmental Health and Safety, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Frank Quintero
- White Plains Hospital Center, Emergency Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - Tianna Tagami
- MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA
- Pearson Education, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Farrukh N Jafri
- White Plains Hospital Center, Emergency Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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17
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Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic placed a tremendous strain on the healthcare system, which led to the deployment of new personnel into acute care settings, early graduation of medical students, and development of new treatment spaces. Education teams at the Montefiore Health System and New York Health and Hospitals/Jacobi Medical Center found simulation, both laboratory-based and in situ, critical to the training of medical staff and investigation of latent safety threats. Through our experience, we encountered unique infection control concerns based on in situ sessions, which prompted us to redesign our programs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Using this experience, we outline our rationale for the use of in situ simulation for newly developed SARS-CoV-2 spaces along with recommendations on safety checks to consider before starting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh N Jafri
- From the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (F.N.J., C.J.Y., A.R., M.S., A.Y.), New York City; Department of Emergency Medicine(F.N.J.), White Plains Hospital, White Plains; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (S.S., S.T.A.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (C.J.Y.), Montefiore Medical Center/Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx; Department of Emergency Medicine (A.R.), Montefiore Medical Center Weiler Campus; Department of Emergency Medicine (M.S.), Jacobi Medical Center; and Department of Emergency Medicine (A.Y.), Montefiore Medical Center Moses Campus, New York City, NY
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18
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Cao A, Feintuch J, Feintuch J, Tran L, Senior B, Yang CJ. Advancing global medical education in otolaryngology through hands-on skills training and simulation-based learning. J Glob Health 2021; 11:03111. [PMID: 34737855 PMCID: PMC8561334 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy Feintuch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Feintuch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
| | - Luan Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Brent Senior
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, New York, USA
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19
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Gao X, Yang CJ, Tian JH, Zhang HC. [Analysis of pathogen monitoring results of infectious diarrhea in Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2016 to 2019]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:879-883. [PMID: 34304426 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200714-01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: to analyze the distribution characteristics of major enteropathogens in infectious diarrhea cases attending the intestinal outpatient clinic of Beijing Traditional Chinese medicine hospital, Capital Medical University. Methods: From 2016 to 2019, 588 fecal samples of patients with infectious diarrhea in Beijing Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University were collected for microbial isolation, culture, identification and pathogen gene detection. Using VITEK 2 compact full-automatic microbial identification/drug sensitivity analysis system to identify the bacteria isolated from the culture; using serum agglutination test to classify the pure colonies; using multiple fluorescence quantitative PCR amplification technology to detect the gene amplification of the samples. Results: In 2016-2019, the total physical examination rate of pathogen was 39.796%. The top three pathogen were diarrhea Escherichia coli (21.769%, n=128), Salmonella (5.782%, n=34), Vibrio (4.762%, n=28). The difference of positive rates of different pathogens in four years was statistically significant (P=0.021), and the peak of incidence was from July to September. The positive rate of norovirus was 5.612% (n=33), and the highest incidence occurred in May. Conclusion: The pathogen of infectious diarrhea patients in Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University from April to October 2016-2019 is mainly diarrhea Escherichia coli, and the pathogen type of norovirus is GⅡ genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gao
- Department of Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - J H Tian
- Department of Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - H C Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China Department of Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
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20
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Yang CJ, Bottalico D, Philips K, DeSilva A, Cheung V, Joels J, Cruz C, Hametz PA. Improving the Pediatric Floor Discharge Process Following Tonsillectomy. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:225-233. [PMID: 34236088 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Over 300,000 tonsillectomies are performed nationwide every year. In 2017, half of children undergoing tonsillectomy at our institution were admitted to the pediatric floor, with only 10.4% being discharged before 11 AM on postoperative day 1 (POD1). Our primary objective was to increase the percentage of patients discharged before 11 AM on POD1 to at least 50% within 1 year. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational (quality improvement). METHODS A multidisciplinary quality improvement (QI) team was assembled. The primary outcome was "timely discharges," defined as percentage of patients discharged before 11 AM on POD1; secondary outcomes were percentage of patients discharged before 1 PM and mean length of stay (hours). Seven-day readmission rate served as our balancing measure. Prior year data served as baseline. A process map, Ishikawa diagram, and Pareto chart were utilized to identify specific target areas for improvement. Key interventions included announcement of our initiative, an electronic health record-based handoff text prompt, discharge checklist, automated discharge instructions, encouragement to place discharge orders by 9 AM and implementation of early POD1 rounds. Data were collected on a biweekly basis and the primary and secondary outcomes were plotted on control charts and analyzed using rules for special cause variation. RESULTS Within 12 months, POD1 discharges before 11 AM and before 1 PM increased to 44.9% and 83.8%, respectively, with sustained improvement for the first 6 months of the subsequent year. Mean length of stay decreased, and 7-day readmission rates were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS By understanding the factors influencing timely POD1 discharges after tonsillectomy, key interventions were implemented to achieve an increase in timely discharges. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Danielle Bottalico
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Kaitlyn Philips
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Alison DeSilva
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Victoria Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Joanna Joels
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Carlos Cruz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Patricia A Hametz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
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21
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Ahmed ST, Cusumano C, Shah SJ, Ma A, Jafri FN, Yang CJ. Response to "Mitigating Tracheostomy-Related Latent Safety Threats Through In Situ Simulation: Catch Them Before They Fall". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 164:1358. [PMID: 34060377 DOI: 10.1177/0194599820977193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Bitners AC, Arens R, Mahgerefteh J, Sutton NJ, Silver EJ, Sin S, Khan MA, Yang CJ. Prevalence of elevated right ventricular pressure in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome undergoing pulmonary hypertension screening. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:2225-2232. [PMID: 34027888 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Our objective was to determine the prevalence of elevated right ventricular pressure (RVP) as a surrogate marker for pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) undergoing echocardiography. METHODS Retrospective chart review of children age 2-21 years diagnosed with OSAS by an overnight polysomnogram (PSG) who underwent cardiac echocardiogram to screen for PH within 6 months of PSG in a tertiary inner-city pediatric hospital. The primary outcome was elevated RVP defined by estimated RVP ≥ 25 mm Hg above right atrial pressure or ventricular septal configuration consistent with elevated RVP. RESULTS A total of 174 children were included. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 8.9 (5.5-13.1) years with 59.2% male, 41.4% Hispanic, and 25.9% non-Hispanic Black. The prevalence of obesity was 72.0% and severe or very severe OSAS was present in 93.1%. The median (IQR) apnea-hypopnea index was 28.3 events/h (18.8-52.7 events/h). Seven children (4.0%) had elevated RVP. There was no association between elevated RVP and age, sex, race, BMI percentile, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen nadir, or severe (AHI ≥ 10) OSAS. CONCLUSIONS Elevated RVP was rare and was not associated with OSAS severity. The prevalence in this cohort is higher than the prevalence of PH noted in similar studies (0-1.8%), which may be related to differences in methodology or unassessed cohort characteristics. Further effort to determine the optimal role for PH screening in pediatric OSAS is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raanan Arens
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
| | - Joseph Mahgerefteh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Nicole J Sutton
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
| | - Ellen J Silver
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
| | - Sanghun Sin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
| | - Masrur A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
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23
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Ahmed ST, Yang C, Deng J, Bottalico DM, Matta-Arroyo E, Cassel-Choudhury G, Yang CJ. Implementation of an Online Multimedia Pediatric Tracheostomy Care Module for Healthcare Providers. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:1893-1901. [PMID: 33459406 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate the effect of a multimedia educational module on provider attitudes toward pediatric tracheostomy care. We also describe the process of module development and dissemination at an academic children's hospital. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study. METHODS The pediatric airway committee at an urban tertiary care center developed a multimedia pediatric tracheostomy care module. Nurses, respiratory therapists, as well as resident, fellow, and attending physicians caring for pediatric patients with tracheostomies were eligible. Managers and clinical supervisors from various units recruited participants to complete the pediatric tracheostomy care electronic module and pre- and postassessment knowledge quizzes and surveys. Provider confidence was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Mann-Whitney U-test, and paired t-test was used to compare pre- and postmodule quiz scores. RESULTS A total of 422 participants completed the module. A total of 275 participants completed the premodule survey, 385 completed the premodule quiz, 253 completed the postmodule survey, and 233 completed the postmodule quiz. Participants included providers in the neonatal intensive care unit, pediatric intensive care unit, pediatric emergency department, and pediatric wards. Postmodule surveys demonstrated a significant reduction in the average percentage of participants indicating lack of confidence with regards to changing an established tracheostomy, responding to accidental decannulation of established tracheostomy, and responding to accidental decannulation of fresh tracheostomy (P < .001). Average quiz scores increased by 5.6 points from 83.0% to 88.6% (P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS A multimedia educational module can improve provider perception of their knowledge and confidence surrounding pediatric tracheostomy management. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:1893-1901, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia T Ahmed
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Catherina Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Junwen Deng
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Danielle M Bottalico
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Esther Matta-Arroyo
- Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Gina Cassel-Choudhury
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.,Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
| | - Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, U.S.A
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24
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Sidell DR, Balakrishnan K, Best SR, Zur K, Buckingham J, De Alarcon A, Baroody FM, Bock JM, Boss EF, Bower CM, Campisi P, Chen SF, Clarke JM, Clarke KD, Cocciaglia A, Cotton RT, Cuestas G, Davis KL, DeFago VH, Dikkers FG, Dossans I, Florez W, Fox E, Friedman AD, Grant N, Hamdi O, Hogikyan ND, Johnson K, Johnson LB, Johnson RF, Kelly P, Klein AM, Lawlor CM, Leboulanger N, Levy AG, Lam D, Licameli GR, Long S, Lott DG, Manrique D, McMurray JS, Meister KD, Messner AH, Mohr M, Mudd P, Mortelliti AJ, Novakovic D, Ongkasuwan J, Peer S, Piersiala K, Prager JD, Pransky SM, Preciado D, Raynor T, Rinkel RNPM, Rodriguez H, Rodríguez VP, Russell J, Scatolini ML, Scheffler P, Smith DF, Smith LP, Smith ME, Smith RJH, Sorom A, Steinberg A, Stith JA, Thompson D, Thompson JW, Varela P, White DR, Wineland AM, Yang CJ, Zdanski CJ, Derkay CS. Systemic Bevacizumab for Treatment of Respiratory Papillomatosis: International Consensus Statement. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:E1941-E1949. [PMID: 33405268 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study is to develop consensus on key points that would support the use of systemic bevacizumab for the treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and to provide preliminary guidance surrounding the use of this treatment modality. STUDY DESIGN Delphi method-based survey series. METHODS A multidisciplinary, multi-institutional panel of physicians with experience using systemic bevacizumab for the treatment of RRP was established. The Delphi method was used to identify and obtain consensus on characteristics associated with systemic bevacizumab use across five domains: 1) patient characteristics; 2) disease characteristics; 3) treating center characteristics; 4) prior treatment characteristics; and 5) prior work-up. RESULTS The international panel was composed of 70 experts from 12 countries, representing pediatric and adult otolaryngology, hematology/oncology, infectious diseases, pediatric surgery, family medicine, and epidemiology. A total of 189 items were identified, of which consensus was achieved on Patient Characteristics (9), Disease Characteristics (10), Treatment Center Characteristics (22), and Prior Workup Characteristics (18). CONCLUSION This consensus statement provides a useful starting point for clinicians and centers hoping to offer systemic bevacizumab for RRP and may serve as a framework to assess the components of practices and centers currently using this therapy. We hope to provide a strategy to offer the treatment and also to provide a springboard for bevacizumab's use in combination with other RRP treatment protocols. Standardized delivery systems may facilitate research efforts and provide dosing regimens to help shape best-practice applications of systemic bevacizumab for patients with early-onset or less-severe disease phenotypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5 Laryngoscope, 131:E1941-E1949, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Sidell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A.,Aerodigestive and Airway Reconstruction Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Karthik Balakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A.,Aerodigestive and Airway Reconstruction Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Simon R Best
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Laryngology, and, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Karen Zur
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Julia Buckingham
- Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Alessandro De Alarcon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Fuad M Baroody
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Medicine and The Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Jonathan M Bock
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Division of Laryngology and Professional Voice, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Emily F Boss
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Charles M Bower
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Alaska, U.S.A
| | - Paolo Campisi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharon F Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey M Clarke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Kevin D Clarke
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia (UBC, UVIc), Victoria General Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alejandro Cocciaglia
- ENT-Respiratory Endoscopy Department, Garrahan Children's Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Robin T Cotton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Giselle Cuestas
- Respiratory Endoscopy Section, ENT Department, Hospital General de Niños "Dr. Pedro de Elizalde", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kara L Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Victor H DeFago
- Pediatric Surgery, Sanatorio del Salvador Privado SA, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Frederik G Dikkers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ines Dossans
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Walter Florez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Aaron D Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Nazaneen Grant
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Laryngology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Osama Hamdi
- Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Norman D Hogikyan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Kaalan Johnson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Seattle, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Liane B Johnson
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Division of Paediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Romaine F Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Peggy Kelly
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado affiliated with University of Colorado, Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, U.S.A
| | - Adam M Klein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Laryngology, Emory Voice Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A
| | - Claire M Lawlor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Nicolas Leboulanger
- Head and Neck Surgery, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Alejandro G Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Arnold Palmer Hospital Center for Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, Orlando Health, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Derek Lam
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - Greg R Licameli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Steve Long
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente, Hillsboro, Oregon, U.S.A
| | - David G Lott
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Laryngology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Dayse Manrique
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - James Scott McMurray
- Pediatric Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Kara D Meister
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A.,Aerodigestive and Airway Reconstruction Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - Anna H Messner
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Michael Mohr
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Pamela Mudd
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Anthony J Mortelliti
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, U.S.A
| | - Daniel Novakovic
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, The Canterbury Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julian Ongkasuwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Adult and Pediatric Laryngology, Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Shazia Peer
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cape Town and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Krysztof Piersiala
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinksa University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeremy D Prager
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Colorado affiliated with University of Colorado, Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, U.S.A
| | | | - Diego Preciado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Tiffany Raynor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Rico N P M Rinkel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hugo Rodriguez
- Respiratory Endoscopy Department, Hospital de Pediatria Prof Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica P Rodríguez
- Respiratory Endoscopy Section, ENT Department, Hospital General de Niños "Dr. Pedro de Elizalde", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - John Russell
- Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - María Laura Scatolini
- Respiratory Endoscopy Department, Hospital de Pediatria Prof Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patrick Scheffler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
| | - David F Smith
- Divisions of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Pulmonary Medicine, and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Lee P Smith
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, New York, U.S.A
| | - Marshall E Smith
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Richard J H Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.A
| | - Abraham Sorom
- Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Confluence Health, Wenatchee, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A
| | - Amalia Steinberg
- Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Alaska Native Medical center, Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.A
| | - John A Stith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Dana Thompson
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Jerome W Thompson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric ENT, LeBonheur Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Tennnessee, Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Patricio Varela
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Universidad de Chile, Mackenna Children Hospital, Clinica Las Condes Medical center, Santiago, Chile
| | - David R White
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Andre M Wineland
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Carlton J Zdanski
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, North Carolina Children's Hospital, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Craig S Derkay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.A
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25
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Dai J, Sun PY, Chen HC, Dong LJ, Jin XM, Li YF, Wang J, Yang CJ, Yang M, Zeng ZJ, Ma YL, Chen M. [Characteristics of HIV-1 genotype and drug resistance among men who have sex with men in Kunming, 2018]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1335-1340. [PMID: 32867446 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191107-00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance among men who have sex with men in Kunming in 2018. Methods: A total of 193 plasma samples were collected from the newly reported HIV-1 infected MSM in Kunming from January to December 2018. Viral RNA was extracted, and the gag, pol, env gene segments were amplified by nested PCR. HIV-1 genotypes and drug resistance were also analyzed. Subsequently, the evolutionary characteristics of CRF55_01B and CRF68_01B among MSM in Kunming were analyzed by Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Results: Multiple HIV-1 genotypes were identified among these 193 samples, including CRF07_BC (39.4%, 76/193), CRF01_AE (34.2%, 66/193), unique recombinant forms (URFs) (20.2%, 39/193), CRF08_BC (3.1%, 6/193), CRF55_01B (1.6%, 3/193), subtype B (1.0%, 2/193) and CRF68_01B (0.5%, 1/193). Results from the Bayesian evolutionary analysis showed that CRF55_01B started to spread locally after being imported from other provinces, while CRF68_01B was likely to have been brought in from the eastern provinces of China. Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistant strains was 2.6%(5/190) before antiviral treatment, with mutation rates resistant to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors being the highest (2.1%, 4/190) among MSM in Kunming, 2018. Conclusion: The diversity of HIV-1 was increasing among MSM in Kunming. Although the resistance rate on pretreatment drug was relatively low, the emergence of multiple resistant strains to first-line antiviral drugs posed a challenge to antiretroviral therapy, in Kunming.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dai
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - P Y Sun
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - H C Chen
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - L J Dong
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - X M Jin
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Y F Li
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - J Wang
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - C J Yang
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - M Yang
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Z J Zeng
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Y L Ma
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - M Chen
- Institute for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
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26
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Yang CJ, Yang C, Farhat L, Gray RT, Guerrero GY, Peek GJ, Shifteh K. Bridging bronchus (pseudocarina) and left pulmonary artery sling: A case report and literature review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 136:110158. [PMID: 32534300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Congenital airway malformations can present with respiratory distress, cyanosis, and difficulty feeding in the neonate or infant. Clinical presentation may vary from asymptomatic to fatal airway obstruction. They may exist in isolation or in association with vascular rings and slings, bronchopulmonary malformations, and/or syndromes. We present an unusual case of bridging bronchus, complete bronchial rings, and left pulmonary artery sling presenting with recurrent croup, highlighting the importance of bronchoscopy and CT imaging to achieve an accurate diagnosis in patients with recurrent croup and/or respiratory failure not responding to usual treatment measures and a multidisciplinary treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Yang
- Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Catherina Yang
- Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Lara Farhat
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
| | - Raluca T Gray
- University of Minnesota, Department of Otolaryngology, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Giselle Y Guerrero
- Nemours Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | - Giles J Peek
- University of Florida, Department of Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Keivan Shifteh
- Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Shah SJ, Cusumano C, Ahmed S, Ma A, Jafri FN, Yang CJ. In Situ Simulation to Assess Pediatric Tracheostomy Care Safety: A Novel Multicenter Quality Improvement Program. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 163:250-258. [PMID: 32450759 DOI: 10.1177/0194599820923659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objectives were (1) to use in situ simulation to assess the clinical environment and identify latent safety threats (LSTs) related to the management of pediatric tracheostomy patients and (2) to analyze the effects of systems interventions and team factors on LSTs and simulation performance. METHODS A multicenter, prospective study to assess LSTs related to pediatric tracheostomy care management was conducted in emergency departments (EDs) and intensive care units (ICUs). LSTs were identified through equipment checklists and in situ simulations via structured debriefs and blinded ratings of team performance. The research team and unit champions developed action plans with interventions to address each LST. Reassessment by equipment checklists and in situ simulations was repeated after 6 to 9 months. RESULTS Forty-one LSTs were identified over 21 simulations, 24 in the preintervention group and 17 in the postintervention group. These included LSTs in access to equipment (ie, availability of suction catheters, lack of awareness of the location of tracheostomy tubes) and clinical knowledge gaps. Mean equipment checklist scores improved from 76% to 87%. Twenty-one unique teams (65 participants) participated in the simulations. The average simulation score was 6.19 out of 16 points. DISCUSSION In situ simulation is feasible and effective as an assessment tool to identify latent safety threats and thus measure the system-level performance of a clinical care environment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE In situ simulation can be used to identify and reassess latent safety threats related to pediatric tracheostomy management and thereby support quality improvement and educational initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharan J Shah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Cristen Cusumano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sadia Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Anthony Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Farrukh N Jafri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, New York, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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Khan MA, Mathur K, Barraza G, Sin S, Yang CJ, Arens R, Sutton N, Mahgerefteh J. The relationship of hypertension with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea in adolescents. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1020-1027. [PMID: 32068974 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the independent relationships of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with hypertension/elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescent patients. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 501 patients (age 13-21 years) with three separate blood pressure measurements within 6 months of polysomnography. EBP was defined as average systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤120 mm Hg; obesity as body mass index Z-score ≤1.65; and OSA as obstructive apnea-hypopnea index <1. Pearson correlations and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the independent effects of the apnea-hypopnea index and body mass index Z-score on SBP. RESULTS Of 501 patients (mean age 16 ± 2 years), 246 (49%) were male. OSA was present in 329 (66%) patients, obesity in 337 (67%), and EBP in 262 (52%). EBP was present in 70% of obese adolescents and 60% of adolescents with OSA. Univariable correlation showed a significant relationship between SBP, body mass index Z-score, and apnea-hypopnea index. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed blood pressure was significantly associated with body mass index Z-score (β = .46; P < .01), age (β = .25; P < .01), and height Z-score (β = .14; P < .01), but not apnea-hypopnea index (β = .01; P = .72). CONCLUSIONS The relationship between OSA and EBP in adolescents is most closely associated with the degree of obesity. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of the treatment of obesity and OSA on blood pressure in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrur A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kanika Mathur
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Heart Center/Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Giselle Barraza
- Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Sanghun Sin
- Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Raanan Arens
- Division of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Nicole Sutton
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph Mahgerefteh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Esposito VR, Yerokun BA, Mulvihill MS, Cox ML, Andrew BY, Yang CJ, Choi AY, Moore C, D’Amico TA, Tong BC, Hartwig MG. Resection of the irradiated esophagus: the impact of lymph node yield on survival. Dis Esophagus 2020; 33:5770817. [PMID: 32115648 PMCID: PMC7548436 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is debate surrounding the appropriate threshold for lymph node harvest during esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer, specifically for those receiving preoperative radiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of lymph node yield on survival in patients receiving preoperative chemoradiation for esophageal cancer. The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was utilized to identify patients with esophageal cancer that received preoperative radiation. The cohort was divided into patients undergoing minimal (<9) or extensive (≥9) lymph node yield. Demographic, operative, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log rank test was used to compare survival between the yield groups. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the association between lymph node yield and survival. In total, 886 cases were included: 349 (39%) belonging to the minimal node group and 537 (61%) to the extensive group. Unadjusted 5-year survival was similar between the minimal and extensive groups, respectively (37.3% vs. 38.8%; P > 0.05). After adjustment using Cox regression, extensive lymph node yield was associated with survival (hazard ratio 0.80, confidence interval 0.66-0.98, P = 0.03). This study suggests that extensive lymph node yield is advantageous for patients with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy following induction therapy. This most likely reflects improved diagnosis and staging with extensive yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Esposito
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - B A Yerokun
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M S Mulvihill
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M L Cox
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - B Y Andrew
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A Y Choi
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,Address correspondence to: Ashley Y. Choi, BA, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3863, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Tel: (410) 336-2490; Fax: (919) 613-5653.
| | - C Moore
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - T A D’Amico
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - B C Tong
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M G Hartwig
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Jiang S, Yang C, Bent J, Yang CJ, Gangar M, Nassar M, Suskin B, Dar P. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) for fetal neck masses: A tertiary center experience and literature review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 127:109642. [PMID: 31479918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently no established criteria exist to guide use of ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) for fetal neck mass management. This study aims to correlate prenatal radiographic findings with incidence of ex utero intrapartum treatment and necessity of airway intervention at delivery. METHODS We reviewed our EXIT experience between 2012 and 17. Furthermore, we performed a literature review of articles reporting incidences of fetal neck masses considered for EXIT. Articles that were included (1) discussed prenatal radiographic findings such as size, features, and evidence of compression and (2) reported extractable data on delivery outcomes and airway status. RESULTS Ten cases at our institution were reviewed. Another 137 cases across 81 studies met inclusion criteria. These studies showed aerodigestive tract compression to be significantly associated with neck masses undergoing EXIT. Additionally, there was significantly higher incidence of airway intervention in cases where polyhydramnios, anatomic compression, and solid masses were seen on prenatal diagnostic imaging, while mass location and size did not correlate with airway intervention. CONCLUSION With this data, we propose that any neck mass with anatomic compression on fetal imaging in the 3rd trimester should be considered for EXIT. When radiographic findings do not show compression but do display polyhydramnios or a solid neck mass (regardless of polyhydramnios), an airway surgeon should be available for perinatal airway assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center / Children's Hospital of Montefiore, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Catherina Yang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - John Bent
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center / Children's Hospital of Montefiore, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center / Children's Hospital of Montefiore, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Mona Gangar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center / Children's Hospital of Montefiore, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Michel Nassar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center / Children's Hospital of Montefiore, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Barrie Suskin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stamford Hospital, One Hospital Plaza, Whittingham Pavilion, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Peer Dar
- Division of Fetal Medicine and OB-Gyn Ultrasound, Albert Einstein College of Medicine / Montefiore Medical Center, 1695 Eastchester Road Room L4, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Wei T, Yang CJ, Chen M, Jia MH, Ma YL, Luo HB, Lu L. [HIV-1 gene subtypes among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in two border areas of Yunnan province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:1617-1620. [PMID: 30572388 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the features of distribution on HIV-1 gene subtypes among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in the border areas of Yunnan province. Methods: A total of 233 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 18 or more were consecutively included in the border counties of Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture (Dehong prefecture), Honghe Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture (Honghe prefecture) of Yunnan province from November 2015 to October 2016. HIV-1 RNA was extracted with pol and env genes amplified. HIV-1 gene subtypes were determined through phylogenetic analysis. Results: A total of 146 out of 233 specimens were genotyped successfully. HIV-1 was found to have had 8 gene subtypes in Dehong prefecture, with the unique recombinant forms (URFs) as the predominant (52.8%, 57/108) type, including 56.8% (21/37) of the cases with Chinese ethnicity and another 50.7% (36/71) were Myanmar citizens. Four HIV-1 gene subtypes were detected in Honghe prefecture, with CRF01_AE as predominant (71.1%, 27/38), including 81.0% (17/21) Vietnamese and 58.8% (10/17) Chinese. Differences on the distribution of HIV-1 gene subtypes were seen statistically significant between Dehong prefecture and Honghe prefecture (χ(2)=61.072, P<0.001). Conclusions: The distribution of HIV-1 gene subtypes showed big difference in the two border areas of Yunnan province, suggesting that both Chinese or non- Chinese citizens living in the area should be taken good care of, in terms of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wei
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - C J Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - M Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - M H Jia
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Y L Ma
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - H B Luo
- Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - L Lu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Health and Family Planning Commission of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650200, China
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Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Simulation provides the opportunity for residency programs to introduce core skills and principles to residents in a low risk environment. We designed a four-week "boot camp" for junior otolaryngology residents aimed at providing the foundation necessary for effective management of commonly encountered clinical scenarios. Sessions emphasized learning through adult and pediatric simulation exercises, technical skills training and didactics. Feedback on resident performance was provided at the completion of simulation exercises.
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DeMarcantonio MA, Hart CK, Yang CJ, Tabangin M, Rutter MJ, Bryant R, Manning PB, de Alarcón A. Slide tracheoplasty outcomes in children with congenital pulmonary malformations. Laryngoscope 2016; 127:1283-1287. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.26404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. DeMarcantonio
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Catherine K. Hart
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Christina J. Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center; Bronx New York U.S.A
| | - Meredith Tabangin
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Michael J. Rutter
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Roosevelt Bryant
- The Heart Institute; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
- Department of Surgery; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Peter B. Manning
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Washington University; St. Louis Missouri U.S.A
| | - Alessandro de Alarcón
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
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Abstract
The transcriptomes of salt-stressed and unstressed Betula kirghisorum plants were analyzed using high throughput sequencing technology. A total of 52,239,804 and 51,772,998 clean reads were obtained from the two libraries, respectively, and de novo assembled into 60,545 all-unigenes. A total of 39,997 unigenes were annotated using public databases. Overall, 7206 genes were differentially expressed in unigenes and were involved in 127 pathways. Thirteen transcription factor families were identified in B. kirghisorum, including GRAS proteins, which are plant-specific transcription factors. By using bioinformatic methods to predict and analyze physicochemical properties, structural data were obtained on the 19 potential GRAS proteins. The results revealed that these proteins are hydrophilic, with significant differences in their length and molecular weight. The main secondary structures were alpha helices and random coils. BkGRAS proteins possess typical GRAS domains: LHR I; VHIID motif; LHR II; PFYRE motif; and SAW motif. In the majority of BkGRAS proteins, AGG, AGA, UCU, GCU, GGG, CCA, GUU, GUG, AUU, GAU, and AAG codons were used preferentially. Aside from the BkGRAS17 gene (relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) = 1.20), usage of the UUA codon by other BkGRAS genes was low (RSCU < 1.0). The effective number of codons showed that BkGRAS genes have low codon bias. Subcellular localization analysis that predicted these proteins are found in the nucleus, cytoplasm, or chloroplast. BkGRAS proteins were divided into six subfamilies: SCR, LISCL, SCL3, DELLA, HAM, and PAT1. These results provide important information for the further functional study of GRAS genes in B. kirghisorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Yang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - G Y Li
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Y L Cui
- Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China .,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Meng GH, Song D, Li LB, Yang CJ, Qu ZX, Gao YP. Dietary methionine requirement of Jing Brown layer hens from 9 to 17 weeks of age. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:925-935. [PMID: 27173978 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary methionine (Met) supplementation in growth performance and reproductive performance of Jing Brown layer hens. A total of 375 9-week-old Jing Brown layer hens were allocated equally to five treatments consisting of 5 replicates with 15 hens. Hens were fed with a diet of corn and soya bean meal supplemented with 0.23%, 0.27%, 0.31%, 0.35% and 0.39% Met respectively. Different Met levels did not significantly affect average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed/gain ratio (F/G) (p > 0.05), whereas flock uniformity (FU) and jejunum index were significantly different (p < 0.05), and the largest FU was observed in 0.31% Met. Dietary supplementation of Met significantly affected reproductive system development (p < 0.05), and 0.27-0.31% Met obtained optimal reproductive system development. Different Met levels significantly affected serum uric acid and alkaline phosphatase. Moreover, the relatively higher reproductive hormones in serum were observed in 0.27% Met. Analysis of quadratic curve estimation of flock uniformity, the total number of follicles, the primary follicles and the secondary follicles showed that the optimal Met levels were 0.293%, 0.286%, 0.286% and 0.288%, which could be averaged to 0.288%. These results suggested that the optimal Met requirement for Jing Brown layer hens from 9 to 17 weeks old is 0.29%.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - D Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - L B Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - C J Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Z X Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Y P Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Yang CJ, Lavender V, Meinzen-Derr JK, Cohen AP, Youssif M, Castiglione M, Manickam V, Bachmann KR, Greinwald JH. Vestibular pathology in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Laryngoscope 2016; 126:2344-50. [PMID: 26864825 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To establish the prevalence of abnormal vestibular test findings in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and determine if these findings correlate with clinical symptoms, radiographic findings (EVA size and laterality), audiometric findings, and genetic testing in these patients. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort. METHODS Patients 3 to 12 years of age with hearing loss and imaging findings consistent with EVA treated at our tertiary care institution were sequentially enrolled from 2009 to 2011. The following six outcome measurements were analyzed: audiometric findings, EVA laterality, temporal bone measurements, genetic testing, vestibular testing (cervical-evoked myogenic potentials, posturography, rotational chair, and calorics), and vestibular symptoms. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients with EVA (mean age 9.2 years, 48% female) were enrolled in and completed the study. Vertigo was reported in six patients. Twenty-four of 27 (89%) had at least one abnormal vestibular test result. Midpoint and operculum size correlated with directional preponderance (P = .042 and P = .032, respectively). Also, high-frequency pure tone average (HFPTA) correlated with unilateral weakness (P = .002). Walking at a later age correlated with abnormal posturography results. There was no correlation between EVA laterality and vestibular test findings. CONCLUSION We found a high rate of vestibular pathology in children with EVA; however, the prevalence of abnormal vestibular test findings in this patient population was not correlated with vestibular symptoms. Enlarged vestibular aqueduct size, HFPTA, and walking at a later age were correlated with abnormal vestibular test findings. In view of these results, it may be prudent to consider vestibular testing in children with these clinical characteristics. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b. Laryngoscope, 126:2344-2350, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Violette Lavender
- Division of Audiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jareen K Meinzen-Derr
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aliza P Cohen
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mostafa Youssif
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Micheal Castiglione
- Division of Audiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vairavan Manickam
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Katheryn R Bachmann
- Division of Audiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - John H Greinwald
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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Yang CJ, Lee JY, Kang BC, Lee HS, Yoo MH, Park HJ. Quantitative analysis of gains and catch-up saccades of video-head-impulse testing by age in normal subjects. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 41:532-8. [PMID: 26453356 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate video-head-impulse test (vHIT) results in normal subjects, to determine the normative values of vHIT for the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and to characterise the catch-up saccades (CSs). DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care academic referral centre. PARTICIPANTS Fifty healthy subjects with no history of vestibular impairment, ten each in their 20's, 30's, 40's, 50's and 60's, underwent vHITs in the lateral semicircular canal plane. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES vHIT gains and the incidence and amplitudes of covert and overt CSs. RESULTS The mean vHIT gain was 1.02 ± 0.07, and the mean gain asymmetry was 2.39 ± 1.96%, with no significant differences among age groups. CSs were observed during 22.6% of the trials and in 49% of the ears. The incidence of CSs was not associated with age. The mean velocity of CSs was 55.5 ± 16.9°/s, and its mean interaural difference was 11.8 ± 10.7°/s. CONCLUSIONS vHIT gains were consistently equal to 1.0 in all age groups (20's to 60's), suggesting that abnormal criteria for vHIT gain (e.g. 0.8) and gain asymmetry (e.g. 8%) can be used, regardless of age. CSs were observed in about half of normal ears, suggesting that VOR is a hypometric system. The amplitudes and interaural difference of CSs were also similar in all age groups, suggesting that abnormal criteria for CS amplitude (e.g. 100°/s) and interaural difference (e.g. 40°/s) can be used, regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B C Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M H Yoo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - H J Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
GRAS proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of root and shoot growth. Here, we cloned BkGRAS2 from Betula kirghisorum (abbreviated to Bk) and analyzed the physicochemical properties and expression pattern of the encoded protein. BkGRAS2 had an open reading frame of 1614 bp encoding 537 amino acid residues. The deduced BkGRAS2 protein was hydrophilic, and it contained highly conserved VHIID and SAW motifs. BkGRAS1 and BkGRAS2 showed considerable sequence similarities. An expression analysis indicated that BkGRAS2 was expressed in root, stem, and leaf, with the highest level in the leaf. Expression of BkGRAS2 was increased following stress treatment with 0.6% NaHCO3. Transient expression analysis of GFP-BkGRAS2 in onion epidermal cells revealed that the BkGRAS2 protein was localized in the cytoplasm, but could also be detected in the nucleus. Our study provides the basis for future research on the role of the GRAS gene family in B. kirghisorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Li
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - C J Yang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - G J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Ishman SL, Yang CJ, Cohen AP, Benke JR, Anderson RM, Madden ME, Meinzen-Derr JK, Tabangin ME. In response to is the OSA-18 predictive of obstructive sleep apnea: Comparison to polysomnography. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:E228. [PMID: 26227430 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L Ishman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christina J Yang
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aliza P Cohen
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James R Benke
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rebecca M Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marie E Madden
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jareen K Meinzen-Derr
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Meredith E Tabangin
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Ishman SL, Yang CJ, Cohen AP, Benke JR, Meinzen-Derr JK, Anderson RM, Madden ME, Tabangin ME. Is the OSA-18 predictive of obstructive sleep apnea: comparison to polysomnography. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:1491-5. [PMID: 25545468 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To examine the ability of the OSA-18 to predict Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in a racially diverse population when compared to overnight polysomnography (PSG). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional retrospective. METHODS Children 2 to 12 years of age diagnosed with OSA who were treated at a tertiary care institution between 2008 and 2013 and had complete PSG and OSA-18 data were included. We performed logistic regression with OSA as the dependent variable and the OSA-18 total symptom score (TSS), age, gender, race, asthma, and body mass index (BMI) as independent variables. RESULTS Seventy-nine children (32 females) were included (mean age 5.2 ± 2.4 years). The positive predictive value (PPV) was greater than 90 for an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (oAHI) ≥ 1. The PPV and specificity were higher for white than for nonwhite children; however, sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of OSA-18 TSS were low for mild, moderate, and severe OSA regardless of race. Age, race, and BMI were not significantly associated with oAHI. CONCLUSIONS This study, conducted in a racially diverse cohort, examined the ability of the OSA-18 to predict OSA when compared to PSG-the gold standard-and found that sensitivity and NPV were extremely low for both white and nonwhite children. This suggests that the OSA-18 is not sufficiently sensitive to detect OSA nor sufficiently specific to determine the absence of OSA. The OSA-18 should be used as a quality-of-life indicator and is not a reliable substitute for PSG. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L Ishman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christina J Yang
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Aliza P Cohen
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James R Benke
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Jareen K Meinzen-Derr
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rebecca M Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Marie E Madden
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Meredith E Tabangin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
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Yang CJ, Ding W, Ma LJ, Jia R. Discrimination and characterization of different intensities of goaty flavor in goat milk by means of an electronic nose. J Dairy Sci 2014; 98:55-67. [PMID: 25465555 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An electronic nose based on metal oxide sensors was used to measure goaty flavor in goat milk samples. To study the relationships between electronic nose data, sensory data, and levels of free fatty acids (FFA), multivariate partial least square regression (PLS) was carried out. The electronic nose system evaluation correlated well with sensory evaluation. The coefficients of determination (R(2)) of the PLS models reached 90.0%. The electronic nose, combined with principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis, can discern among goat milk samples with different goaty flavor intensities. In addition, Fisher discriminant analysis and back-propagation neural network were carried out to evaluate goaty flavor intensity, and the prediction accuracies were 98.2 and 100.0%, respectively. The electronic nose is a potentially useful tool to evaluate goaty flavor intensity in goat milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - W Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - L J Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - R Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Bjarnason TA, Yang CJ. Poster - Thur Eve - 02: Measurement of CT radiation profile width using Fuji CR imaging plate raw data. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4894988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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43
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Islam MM, Ahmed ST, Kim YJ, Mun HS, Kim YJ, Yang CJ. Effect of Sea Tangle (Laminaria japonica) and Charcoal Supplementation as Alternatives to Antibiotics on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Ducks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:217-24. [PMID: 25049946 PMCID: PMC4093215 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A total of 150 growing ducks were assigned to five dietary treatments to study the effect of sea tangle and charcoal (STC) supplementation on growth performance and meat characteristics in a completely randomized design. There were six replicates and five ducklings in each replication. The five dietary treatments were control, antibiotic, and 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% STC supplemented diets. No significant differences were found on ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed among treatments in different weeks. The overall (0 to 3 weeks) ADFI decreased in antibiotic treatment (p<0.05) whereas the gain:feed increased significantly upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to control (p<0.05). No significant variation was found in meat chemical composition except crude fat content which was high in 1.0% STC dietary group (p<0.05). Meat cholesterol was reduced in 0.1% STC group (p<0.05) compared to other dose levels while serum cholesterol was unaffected. High density lipoprotein (HDL) content was high in 1.0% STC (p<0.05) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was low in 0.1% and 1.0% STC dietary groups (p = 0.06). No significant effect was found on the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of fresh meat, whereas the TBARS value of meat preserved for 1 week was reduced significantly in STC dietary groups (p<0.05). The 0.1% STC dietary group showed an increased myristic acid (p = 0.07) content whereas, the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids increased in STC supplementation than antibiotic group (p<0.05). An increased concentration of omega-3 fatty acids and a reduced ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was found upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to antibiotic dietary group (p<0.05). Therefore, 1.0% STC dietary supplementation can be used as alternatives to antibiotics in duck production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Islam
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - S T Ahmed
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - H S Mun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
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Ahmed ST, Hossain ME, Kim GM, Hwang JA, Ji H, Yang CJ. Effects of resveratrol and essential oils on growth performance, immunity, digestibility and fecal microbial shedding in challenged piglets. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 26:683-90. [PMID: 25049839 PMCID: PMC4093338 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and essential oils from medicinal plants on the growth performance, immunity, digestibility, and fecal microbial shedding of weaned piglets. A total of 48 weaned piglets (8 kg initial weight, 28-d-old) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments with 3 replications of 4 piglets each. The dietary treatments were NC (negative control; basal diet), PC (positive control; basal diet+0.002% apramycin), T1 (basal diet+0.2% resveratrol), and T2 (basal diet+0.0125% essential oil blend). All piglets were orally challenged with 5 ml culture fluid containing 2.3×108 cfu/ml of Escherichia coli KCTC 2571 and 5.9×108 cfu/ml Salmonella enterica serover Typhimurium. The PC group (p<0.05) showed the highest average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) throughout the experimental period, although feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved in the T1 group (p>0.05). Serum IgG level was increased in the T1 group, whereas TNF-α levels was reduced in the supplemented groups compared to control (p<0.05). The PC diet improved the dry matter (DM) digestibility, whereas PC and T2 diets improved nitrogen (N) digestibility compared to NC and T1 diets (p<0.05). Fecal Salmonella and E. coli counts were reduced in all treatment groups compared to control (p<0.05). Fecal Lactobacillus spp. count was increased in the T2 group compared to others (p<0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on fecal Bacillus spp. count throughout the entire experimental period. Based on these results, resveratrol showed strong potential as antibiotic alternatives for reversing the adverse effects of weaning stress on growth performance, immunity and microbial environment in E. coli and Salmonella-challenged piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ahmed
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - M E Hossain
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - G M Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - J A Hwang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - H Ji
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
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Ahmed ST, Hwang JA, Hoon J, Mun HS, Yang CJ. Comparison of single and blend acidifiers as alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, fecal microflora, and humoral immunity in weaned piglets. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:93-100. [PMID: 25049931 PMCID: PMC4093283 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The banning of the use of antibiotics as feed additive has accelerated investigations of alternative feed additives in animal production. This experiment investigated the effect of pure citric acid or acidifier blend supplementation as substitute for antibiotic growth promoters on growth performance, fecal microbial count, and humoral immunity in weaned piglets challenged with Salmonella enterica serover Typhimurium and Escherichia coli KCTC 2571. A total of 60 newly weaned piglets (crossbred, 28-d-old; average 8 kg initial weight) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments included NC (negative control; basal diet), PC (positive control; basal diet+0.002% apramycin), T1 (basal diet+0.5% pure citric acid), and T2 (basal diet+0.4% acidifier blend). All piglets were orally challenged with 5 mL of culture fluid containing 2.3×108 cfu/mL of E. coli KCTC 2571 and 5.9×108 cfu/mL of S. typhimurium at the beginning of the experiment. The PC group showed the highest ADG and ADFI, whereas gain:feed was improved in the PC and T1 group (p<0.05). All dietary treatments showed significant reduction in fecal counts of Salmonella and E. coli, compared to NC (p<0.05), with PC being better than T1 and T2. Significant elevation in fecal Lactobacillus spp. counts was shown by treatments with T1, T2, and PC, whereas Bacillus spp. counts were increased by treatment with T1 and T2 compared to NC and PC diet (p<0.05). Serum IgG concentration was increased by T1 diet (p<0.05), whereas IgM and IgA were not significantly affected by any of the dietary treatments (p>0.05). From these above results, it can be concluded that, as alternatives to antibiotics dietary acidification with pure citric acid or acidifiers blend did not fully ameliorate the negative effects of microbial challenges in respect of growth performance and microbial environment, however improved immunity suggested further research with different dose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ahmed
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - J A Hwang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - J Hoon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - H S Mun
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - C J Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
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Guarisco JL, Yang CJ. Balloon dilation in the management of severe airway stenosis in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Surg 2013; 48:1676-81. [PMID: 23932606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Children and adolescents with airway stenosis pose a clinical challenge. Recently, balloon dilation has been described, primarily for the treatment of early, immature, less severe airway stenosis. We describe our experience with 8 children and adolescents managed with balloon dilation, including severe, mature subglottic and tracheal stenosis. METHODS This is a case series of 8 children and adolescents with acquired subglottic and tracheal stenosis treated by the primary author with balloon dilation between August 2006 and April 2010 at an academic tertiary care center. In the four patients who were tracheotomy-dependent at the time of presentation, suprastomal stents or Montgomery T-tubes were used. In 1 patient with 99% subglottic stenosis (SGS), balloon dilation and stenting were used to create a lumen prior to laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR). RESULTS All 4 patients with tracheotomy were decannulated. The remaining 4 patients were successfully managed without tracheotomy. CONCLUSIONS Mature, severe laryngeal and tracheal stenosis in pediatric patients can be successfully managed with balloon dilation. In the most severe cases with prior tracheotomy, stenting is necessary. Balloon dilation with stenting can also facilitate LTR. In patients without prior tracheotomy, tracheotomy and stenting can often be safely avoided with appropriate postoperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lindhe Guarisco
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
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Fang X, Cai Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Wu Q, Zhang Z, Yang CJ, Yuan L, Ouyang G. Twist2 contributes to breast cancer progression by promoting an epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem-like cell self-renewal. Oncogene 2011; 30:4707-20. [PMID: 21602879 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved cellular programme that has an important role in normal embryogenesis and in cancer invasion and metastasis. We report here that Twist2, a tissue-specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, is overexpressed in human breast cancers and lymph node metastases. In mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells, ectopic overexpression of Twist2 results in morphological transformation, downregulation of epithelial markers and upregulation of mesenchymal markers. Moreover, Twist2 enhances the cell migration and colony-forming abilities of mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells in vitro and promotes tumour growth in vivo. Ectopic expression of Twist2 in mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells increases the size and number of their CD44(high)/CD24(low) stem-like cell sub-populations, promotes the expression of stem cell markers and enhances the self-renewal capabilities of stem-like cells. In addition, exogenous expression of Twist2 leads to constitutive activation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and downregulation of E-cadherin. Thus, the overexpression of Twist2 may contribute to breast cancer progression by activating the EMT programme and enhancing the self-renewal of cancer stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Chang WC, Huang MS, Yang CJ, Wang WY, Lai TC, Hsiao M, Chen CH. Dermcidin identification from exhaled air for lung cancer diagnosis. Eur Respir J 2010; 35:1182-5. [PMID: 20436176 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00169509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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De Jean P, Ding Y, Ray B, Stayman J, Yang CJ, Yorkston J, Foos D, Machado A, Mahesh M, Carrino J, Siewerdsen J. WE-E-201C-02: Portable Dual-Energy Imaging with a Wireless DR Detector: Optimal Technique and Material Decomposition for High-Performance ICU Imaging. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Yang CJ, Liu SX, Liu JB, Wang ZY, Luo DF, Zhang GL, Zhang XJ, Yang S. Holmium Laser Treatment of Genital Warts: an Observational Study of 1500 Cases. Acta Derm Venereol 2008; 88:136-8. [DOI: 10.2340/00015555-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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