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Yan Y, Jin Y, Guo Y, Ma M, Feng Y, Zhong Y, Chen C, Ge C, Zou J, Si Y. A machine learning stacking model accurately estimating gastric fluid volume in patients undergoing elective sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy. Postgrad Med 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38517301 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2024.2333720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) assessment of gastric fluid volume primarily relies on the traditional linear approach, which often suffers from moderate accuracy. This study aimed to develop an advanced machine learning (ML) model to estimate gastric fluid volume more accurately. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and POCUS data (D1: craniocaudal diameter, D2: anteroposterior diameter) of 1386 patients undergoing elective sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) at Nanjing First Hospital to predict gastric fluid volume using ML techniques, including six different ML models and a stacking model. We evaluated the models using the adjusted Coefficient of Determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was used to interpret the importance of the variables. Finally, a web calculator was constructed to facilitate its clinical application. RESULTS The stacking model (Linear regression + Multilayer perceptron) performed best, with the highest adjusted R2 of 0.718 (0.632 to 0.804). The mean prediction bias was 4 ml (MAE: 4.008 (3.68 to 4.336)), which is better than that of the linear model. D1 and D2 ranked high in the SHAP plot and performed better in the right lateral decubitus (RLD) than in the supine position. The web calculator can be accessed at https://cheason.shinyapps.io/Stacking_regressor/. CONCLUSION The stacking model and its web calculator can serve as practical tools for accurately estimating gastric fluid volume in patients undergoing elective sedated GIE. It is recommended that anesthesiologists measure D1 and D2 in the patient's RLD position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhan Jin
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyi Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingtao Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Leping City, Leping, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Jiang H, Chen J, Du X, Feng D, Zhang Y, Qi J, He Y, An Z, Lu Y, Ge C, Wang Y. Unveiling Synergistic Potency: Exploring Butyrolactone I to Enhance Gentamicin Efficacy against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strain USA300. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:196-214. [PMID: 38127778 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA strains, poses significant health risks, imposing a significant disease burden and mortality. We investigate butyrolactone I (BL-1), a marine-derived metabolite from Aspergillus terreus, enhancing aminoglycoside efficacy against MRSA. A promising synergy is observed with BL-1 and various aminoglycosides, marked by low fractional inhibitory concentration indexes (FICIs < 0.5). Comprehensive studies utilizing USA300 MRSA and gentamicin reveal a remarkable one-fourth reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with 20 μg/mL BL-1. A relative abundance assay indicates that BL-1 enhances gentamicin uptake while restraining extracellular presence, involving intricate transmembrane signaling and molecular interactions. RNA-Seq analysis yielded an unexpected revelation, unveiling a distinctive gene expression profile and distinguishing it from other treatment approaches. Furthermore, meticulous analyses validated the extensive perturbations induced by BL-1 exposure, affecting diverse biological functions, encompassing glycolysis, amino acid metabolisms, substance transmembrane transport, and virulence generation. These valuable insights inspired further confirmation of bacterial virulence and the modulation of membrane permeability resulting from BL-1 treatment. Phenotypic validations corroborated our observations, revealing reduced membrane permeability and hemolytic toxicity, albeit demanding a deeper comprehension of the intricate interplay underlying these actions. Our study contributes crucial mechanistic insights to the development of therapeutic strategies against this notorious pathogen and the judicious employment of aminoglycosides. Additionally, it elucidates marine-derived metabolites' ecological and functional roles, exemplified by fungal quorum sensing signals. These compounds could give producers a competitive edge, inhibiting microorganism proliferation and suggesting novel approaches for combating resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiang Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiaqin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xinyang Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dong Feng
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiangfeng Qi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yajing He
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhilong An
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Zhao X, Li J, Xie X, Fang Z, Feng Y, Zhong Y, Chen C, Huang K, Ge C, Shi H, Si Y, Zou J. Online interpretable dynamic prediction models for postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass developed based on machine learning algorithms: A retrospective cohort study. J Psychosom Res 2024; 176:111553. [PMID: 37995429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative delirium (POD) is strongly associated with poor early and long-term prognosis in cardiac surgery patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This study aimed to develop dynamic prediction models for POD after cardiac surgery under CPB using machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHODS From July 2021 to June 2022, clinical data were collected from patients undergoing cardiac surgery under CPB at Nanjing First Hospital. A dataset from the same center (October 2022 to November 2022) was also used for temporal external validation. We used ML and deep learning to build models in the training set, optimized parameters in the test set, and finally validated the best model in the validation set. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was introduced to explain the best models. RESULTS Of the 885 patients enrolled, 221 (25.0%) developed POD. 22 (22.0%) of 100 validation cohort patients developed POD. The preoperative and postoperative artificial neural network (ANN) models exhibited optimal performance. The validation results demonstrated satisfactory predictive performance of the ANN model, with area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 0.776 and 0.684 for the preoperative and postoperative models, respectively. Based on the ANN algorithm, we constructed dynamic, highly accurate, and interpretable web risk calculators for POD. CONCLUSIONS We successfully developed online interpretable dynamic ANN models as clinical decision aids to identify patients at high risk of POD before and after cardiac surgery to facilitate early intervention or care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianhai Xie
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaojing Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaizong Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Yang N, Sun R, Zhang X, Wang J, Wang L, Zhu H, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ge C, He J, Wang M. Alternative pathway of bile acid biosynthesis contributes to ameliorate NASH after induction of NAMPT/NAD +/SIRT1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114987. [PMID: 37315437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as a serious liver disorder characterized by hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT1, play important roles in lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their effects on liver inflammation and homeostasis of bile acids (BAs), the extensively proved pathophysiological actors in NASH, have not been fully understood. NASH animal model was induced by a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in C57BL/6J mice and intraperitoneally injected with NAD+ precursor, an agonist of upstream rate-limiting enzyme NAMPT or downstream SIRT1, or their vehicle solvents. Free fatty acid (FFA) was applied to HepG2 cells to construct the cell model. Induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis could remarkably alleviate the aggravated inflammation in the liver of NASH mice, accompanied by decreased levels of total BAs throughout the enterohepatic system and a switch of BA synthesis from the classic pathway to the alternative pathway, resulting in less production of pro-inflammatory 12-OH BAs. The expressions of key enzymes including cyp7a1, cyp8b1, cyp27a1 and cyp7b1 in BA synthesis were significantly modulated after NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis induction in both animal and cell models. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver were significantly negatively correlated with the intermediates in NAD+ metabolism, which may also be related to their regulation on BA homeostasis. Our results indicated that induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NASH or its complications related with BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun He
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Liu H, Dai A, Zhou Z, Xu X, Gao K, Li Q, Xu S, Feng Y, Chen C, Ge C, Lu Y, Zou J, Wang S. An optimization for postpartum depression risk assessment and preventive intervention strategy based machine learning approaches. J Affect Disord 2023; 328:163-174. [PMID: 36758872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders for women after delivery. The establishment of an effective PPD prediction model helps to distinguish high-risk groups, and verifying whether such high-risk groups can benefit from drug intervention is very important for clinical guidance. METHODS We collected data of parturients that underwent a cesarean delivery. The Control group was divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort. Six different ML models were constructed and we compared their prediction performance in the testing cohort. For model interpretation, we introduced SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Then, training cohort, ketamine group and dexmedetomidine (DEX) group were classified as high or low risk for PPD by the model. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to compare the incidence of PPD between two groups in different risk cohorts. RESULTS Extreme gradient enhancement (XGB) had the best recognition effect, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.789 (95 % CI 0.742-0.836) in the training cohort and 0.744 (95 % CI 0.655-0.823) in the testing cohort, respectively. A threshold of 21.5 % PPD risk probability was determined. After PSM, the results showed that the incidence of PPD in the two intervention groups was significantly different from the control group in the high-risk cohort (P < 0.001) but not in the low-risk cohort (P > 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that the XGB algorithm provided a more accurate in prediction of PPD risk, and it was beneficial to receive early intervention for the high-risk groups distinguished by the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Anran Dai
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Office of Clinical Trials, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qiuwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shouyu Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yunfei Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Million Happy Deer Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
| | - Saiying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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Chen J, Feng D, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Yuan M, Xu Y, Zou J, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Ge C, Wang Y. A Novel Phenazine Analog, CPUL1, Suppresses Autophagic Flux and Proliferation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insight from Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051607. [PMID: 36900398 PMCID: PMC10001020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CPUL1, a phenazine analog, has demonstrated potent antitumor properties against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and indicates a promising prospect in pharmaceutical development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely obscure. METHODS Multiple HCC cell lines were used to investigate the in vitro effects of CPUL1. The antineoplastic properties of CPUL1 were assessed in vivo by establishing a xenograft nude mice model. After that, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and bioinformatics were integrated to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of CPUL1, highlighting an unanticipated involvement of autophagy dysregulation. RESULTS CPUL1 suppressed HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, thereby endorsing the potential as a leading agent for HCC therapy. Integrative omics characterized a deteriorating scenario of metabolic debilitation with CPUL1, presenting an issue in the autophagy contribution of autophagy. Subsequent observations indicated that CPUL1 treatment could impede autophagic flow by suppressing autophagosome degradation rather than its formation, which supposedly exacerbated cellular damage triggered by metabolic impairment. Moreover, the observed late autophagosome degradation may be attributed to lysosome dysfunction, which is essential for the final stage of autophagy and cargo disposal. CONCLUSIONS Our study comprehensively profiled the anti-hepatoma characteristics and molecular mechanisms of CPUL1, highlighting the implications of progressive metabolic failure. This could partially be ascribed to autophagy blockage, which supposedly conveyed nutritional deprivation and intensified cellular vulnerability to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dong Feng
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hanxiang Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (Y.W.)
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7
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Ge C, Huang X, Zhang S, Yuan M, Tan Z, Xu C, Jie Q, Zhang J, Zou J, Zhu Y, Feng D, Zhang Y, Aa J. In vitro co-culture systems of hepatic and intestinal cells for cellular pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of capecitabine against colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36717845 PMCID: PMC9887786 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), orally administrated capecitabine (CAP) undergoes preliminary conversion into active metabolites in the liver and then releases 5-FU in the gut to exert the anti-tumor activity. Since metabolic changes of CAP play a key role in its activation, a single kind of intestinal or hepatic cell can never be used in vitro to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) nature. Hence, we aimed to establish a novel in vitro system to effectively assess the PK and PD of these kinds of prodrugs. METHODS Co-culture cellular models were established by simultaneously using colorectal cancer (CRC) and hepatocarcinoma cell lines in one system. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometric analysis were used to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Apoptosis-related protein expression levels were measured using western blot analysis. A selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for cellular PK in co-culture models. RESULTS CAP had little anti-proliferative effect on the five monolayer CRC cell lines (SW480, LoVo, HCT-8, HCT-116 and SW620) or the hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). However, CAP exerted marked anti-tumor activities on each of the CRC cell lines in the co-culture models containing both CRC and hepatocarcinoma cell lines, although its effect on the five CRC cell lines varied. Moreover, after pre-incubation of CAP with HepG2 cells, the culture media containing the active metabolites of CAP also showed an anti-tumor effect on the five CRC cell lines, indicating the crucial role of hepatic cells in the activation of CAP. CONCLUSION The simple and cost‑effective co-culture models with both CRC and hepatocarcinoma cells could mimic the in vivo process of a prodrug dependent on metabolic conversion to active metabolites in the liver, providing a valuable strategy for evaluating the PK and PD characteristics of CAP-like prodrugs in vitro at the early stage of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Xintong Huang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Man Yuan
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Zhaoyi Tan
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Chen Xu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Qiong Jie
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006 China ,grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Dong Feng
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211100 China
| | - Yue Zhang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Jiye Aa
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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Chen H, Xiong Z, Zhang A, Ge C, Chang F. Improving the Production of Antitumor Calicheamicin by the Micromonospora echinospora Mutant Coupled with in situ Resin Adsorption in Fermentation Process. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Lu Y, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Chen J, Xu Y, Jie Q, An Z, Liao J, Liu Y, Li J, Zhu Y, Zou J, Ge C, Feng D, Wang Y. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for CPUL1, a novel antitumor candidate compound, and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:4397-4406. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jiaqin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qiong Jie
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhilong An
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Liao
- School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yunxin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Dong Feng
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. Nanjing P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
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Ge HJ, Yao JJ, Li L, Li BW, Ge C, Liu H, Li Y, Yin HF. [Clinicopathological features of spinal solitary fibrous tumor]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:875-880. [PMID: 36097905 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220128-00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological, molecular genetic, immunohistochemical and prognostic features of spinal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Methods: The clinical data of 12 cases of spinal SFT in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Affiliated to Tsinghua University, diagnosed from January 2015 to December 2021 were collected and reclassified. The clinical data, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular genetics were analyzed. Follow-up and related literature reviews were conducted. Results: Among the 12 patients, there were 5 males and 7 females; the age ranged from 31 to 73 years, with a median age of 50.5 years. All 12 cases were primary tumors, including 4 cases diagnosed at the first time and 8 recurrent cases. Among the 12 cases, 8 were WHO grade 1, 3 were WHO grade 2, and 1 was WHO grade 3. Microscopically, the spinal SFT appeared as a spindle cell tumor, the stroma was rich in many thin-walled blood vessels with various histological features such as cell morphology and necrosis according to the different tumor grade. All (12/12) of the cases expressed vimentin and STAT6 (diffuse and strong nuclear stain), 11 cases (11/12) expressed both CD34 and bcl-2, and 7 cases (7/12) expressed CD99. Next-generation sequencing showed that 12 (12/12) of the patients had NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion. The 12 patients were followed up for 6 to 80 months. There were no recurrences or metastases in the 4 first cases after operation. Among the 8 recurrent cases, 2 of the patients relapsed and 2 died. Conclusions: Spinal SFT is rare and has a high recurrence tendency. Many aspects need to be considered in the diagnosis process. STAT6 is a relatively specific marker for the diagnosis of this tumor. Complete surgical resection is the preferred treatment while postoperative radiotherapy is recommended to reduce tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ge
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - J J Yao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - B W Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - C Ge
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - H F Yin
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
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Lin X, Zheng X, Zhang J, Cui X, Zou D, Zhao Z, Pan X, Jie Q, Wu Y, Qiu R, Zhou J, Chen N, Tang L, Ge C, Zou J. Machine learning to predict futile recanalization of large vessel occlusion before and after endovascular thrombectomy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:909403. [PMID: 36062013 PMCID: PMC9437637 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.909403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Futile recanalization occurs when the endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a technical success but fails to achieve a favorable outcome. This study aimed to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop a pre-EVT model and a post-EVT model to predict the risk of futile recanalization and to provide meaningful insights to assess the prognostic factors associated with futile recanalization. Methods Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing EVT at the National Advanced Stroke Center of Nanjing First Hospital (China) between April 2017 and May 2021 were analyzed. The baseline characteristics and peri-interventional characteristics were assessed using four ML algorithms. The predictive performance was evaluated by the area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic and calibration curve. In addition, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach and partial dependence plot were introduced to understand the relative importance and the influence of a single feature. Results A total of 312 patients were included in this study. Of the four ML models that include baseline characteristics, the “Early” XGBoost had a better performance {AUC, 0.790 [95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.677–0.903]; Brier, 0.191}. Subsequent inclusion of peri-interventional characteristics into the “Early” XGBoost showed that the “Late” XGBoost performed better [AUC, 0.910 (95% CI, 0.837–0.984); Brier, 0.123]. NIHSS after 24 h, age, groin to recanalization, and the number of passages were the critical prognostic factors associated with futile recanalization, and the SHAP approach shows that NIHSS after 24 h ranks first in relative importance. Conclusions The “Early” XGBoost and the “Late” XGBoost allowed us to predict futile recanalization before and after EVT accurately. Our study suggests that including peri-interventional characteristics may lead to superior predictive performance compared to a model based on baseline characteristics only. In addition, NIHSS after 24 h was the most important prognostic factor for futile recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Lin
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohan Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Yuhua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Yuhua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daizu Zou
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiding Pan
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Jie
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuezhang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runze Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nihong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yixing Cancer Hospital, Yixing, China
- Li Tang
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Chun Ge
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Pharmacy Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Zou
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Liu P, Zhang B, Zeng Q, Chen SW, Ge C, Wang WH, Wang CZ, Yue W, Wan J. [Induction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to hepatocyte-like cells and preliminary study of cell response to injury under the effect of acetaminophen]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:87-93. [PMID: 35152675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20211118-00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a method for the induction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to hepatocyte-like cells, and preliminarily investigate cell response to injury under the effect of acetaminophen (APAP). Methods: The surface marker CD45 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells wase detected cells by using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence methods. The cellular morphology of induced hepatocyte-like cells was observed under an inverted microscope. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of hepatocyte-specific genes, such as cytochrome (CY) P1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C9, albumin (ALB), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)4α mRNA. Immunofluorescence method was used to detect intracellular hepatocyte markers AFP, HNF4α, and ALB expression at the protein level. Biochemical analyzer was used to detect hepatocyte-specific secretory functions of AFP, ALB, and urea. Luciferase chemiluminescence method was used to detect the activity of key drug metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. Colorimetric assay was used to detect the effect of the drug acetaminophen on hepatocyte-like cells, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was used as an indicator of liver cell injury. The statistical differences between the data were compared with t-test and rank-sum test. Results: The positive expression rate of CD45 cell surface markers isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was about 98%, and hepatocyte-like cell morphology changes appeared on 15th day of induction. Compared with isolated mononuclear cells, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C9, ALB, AFP and HNF4α mRNA was markedly elevated. The expression level of AFP, ALB and HNF4α protein were equally increased, and the secretory function of AFP, ALB and urea were enhanced. Compared with primary hepatocytes, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, AFP, HNF4α mRNA, and CYP3A4 mRNA did not decrease. The expression levels of AFP, ALB, and HNF4α proteins in the cells did not decrease, and the secretory function of AFP, ALB, and urea did not decrease. In addition, the CYP3A4 enzyme activity produced by hepatocyte-like cells was similar to that of primary hepatocytes. Compared with hepatocyte-like cells incubated without APAP, hepatocyte-like cells incubated with APAP had higher ALT level. Under the effect of APAP, the ALT level of hepatocyte-like cells was higher than isolated mononuclear cells. Conclusion: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells can be induced into hepatocyte-like cells with partial characteristics of hepatocytes, including the activity of CYP3A4, a key enzyme of hepatocyte drug metabolism. Additionally, preliminarily ALT secretory features reflect the hepatocytes injury under the effect of acetaminophen.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Chinese LPA Medical School, Beijing 100853, China Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - B Zhang
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Q Zeng
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - S W Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - C Ge
- Beijing University of Technoloby, Beijing 100124, China
| | - W H Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - C Z Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
| | - W Yue
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - J Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatic Diseases, Beijing 100853, China
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Ge C, Zhang S, Mu H, Zheng S, Tan Z, Huang X, Xu C, Zou J, Zhu Y, Feng D, Aa J. Emerging Mechanisms and Disease Implications of Ferroptosis: Potential Applications of Natural Products. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:774957. [PMID: 35118067 PMCID: PMC8804219 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of regulatory cell death (RCD), has been demonstrated to be distinct from other types of RCD, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and oxidative perturbation, and is inhibited by iron chelators and lipophilic antioxidants. This process is regulated by specific pathways and is implicated in diverse biological contexts, mainly including iron homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. A large body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis is interrelated with various physiological and pathological processes, including tumor progression (neuro)degenerative diseases, and hepatic and renal failure. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel effective ferroptosis-modulating compounds, even though some experimental reagents and approved clinical drugs have been well documented to have anti- or pro-ferroptotic properties. This review outlines recent advances in molecular mechanisms of the ferroptotic death process and discusses its multiple roles in diverse pathophysiological contexts. Furthermore, we summarize chemical compounds and natural products, that act as inducers or inhibitors of ferroptosis in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Herein, it is particularly highlighted that natural products show promising prospects in ferroptosis-associated (adjuvant) therapy with unique advantages of having multiple components, multiple biotargets and slight side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiwen Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaojun Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xintong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
| | - Dong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yubing Zhu, ; Dong Feng, ; Jiye Aa,
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14
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Tan Z, Ge C, Feng D, Xu C, Cao B, Xie Y, Zhou H, Wang G, Aa J. The Interleukin-6/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3/Cystathionine γ-Lyase Axis Deciphers the Transformation Between the Sensitive and Resistant Phenotypes of Breast Cancer Cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:985-994. [PMID: 34462267 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance of cancer cells is associated with redox homeostasis. The mechanism of acquired resistance of cancer cells to antitumor drugs is not well understood. Our previous studies revealed that drug resistance and highly expressed P-glycoprotein (P-gp) of MCF-7 breast cancer cells was dependent on intracellular redox homeostasis and declined capacity for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, we observed that, unlike nontumorigenic cells MCF-10A, three tumorigenic breast cancer cells (MCF-7S, BT474, MDA-MB-231) reprogrammed their metabolism, highly expressed cystathionine-γ-lyase (CTH), and acquired a particular specialty to use methionine (Met) to synthesize glutathione (GSH) through the transsulfuration pathway. Interestingly, doxorubicin (adriamycin) further reprogrammed metabolism of MCF-7 cells sensitive to adriamycin (MCF-7S) and induced them to be another MCF-7 cell line resistant to adriamycin (MCF-7R) with dramatically downregulated CTH. The two MCF-7 cell lines showed distinctly different phenotypes in terms of intracellular GSH, ROS levels, expression and activity of P-gp and CTH, and drug resistance. We showed that CTH modulation or the methionine supply brought about the interconversion between MCF-7S and MCF-7R. Methionine deprivation or CTH silencing induced a resistant MCF-7R and lowered paclitaxel activity, yet methionine supplementation or CTH overexpression reversed the above effects, induced a sensitive phenotype of MCF-7S, and significantly increased the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel both in vitro and in vivo. Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) initiated CTH expression and activity, and the effect on the resistant phenotype was exclusively dependent on CTH and ROS. This study suggests that the IL-6/STAT3/CTH axis plays a key role in the transformation between sensitive and resistant MCF-7 cells. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) plays a key role in transformation between the sensitive and resistant phenotypes of MCF-7 cells and is dependent on the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling axis. Modulation of the transsulfuration pathway on CTH or IL-6/STAT3 or methionine supplementation is beneficial for reversing the resistance of MCF-7 cells, which indicates a clinical translation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Chun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Dong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Chen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Bei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (Z.T., D.F., C.X., Y.X., G.W.) and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy (C.G.), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (C.G.); Nanjing Southern Pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China (D.F.); Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China (B.C.); and Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Xiang-Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Z.)
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15
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Abstract
Bone loss caused by trauma, neoplasia, congenital defects, or periodontal disease is a major cause of disability and human suffering. Skeletal progenitor cell-extracellular matrix interactions are critical for bone regeneration. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), an understudied collagen receptor, plays an important role in skeletal development. Ddr2 loss-of-function mutations in humans and mice cause severe craniofacial and skeletal defects, including altered cranial shape, dwarfing, reduced trabecular and cortical bone, alveolar bone/periodontal defects, and altered dentition. However, the role of this collagen receptor in craniofacial regeneration has not been examined. To address this, calvarial subcritical-size defects were generated in wild-type (WT) and Ddr2-deficient mice. The complete bridging seen in WT controls at 4 wk postsurgery was not observed in Ddr2-deficient mice even after 12 wk. Quantitation of defect bone area by micro-computed tomography also revealed a 50% reduction in new bone volume in Ddr2-deficient mice. Ddr2 expression during calvarial bone regeneration was measured using Ddr2-LacZ knock-in mice. Expression was restricted to periosteal surfaces of uninjured calvarial bone and, after injury, was detected in select regions of the defect site by 3 d postsurgery and expanded during the healing process. The impaired bone healing associated with Ddr2 deficiency may be related to reduced osteoprogenitor or osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation since knockdown/knockout of Ddr2 in a mesenchymal cell line and primary calvarial osteoblast cultures reduced osteoblast differentiation while Ddr2 overexpression was stimulatory. In conclusion, Ddr2 is required for cranial bone regeneration and may be a novel target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Binrayes
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - C Ge
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F F Mohamed
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R T Franceschi
- Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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16
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Sun R, Kong B, Yang N, Cao B, Feng D, Yu X, Ge C, Feng S, Fei F, Huang J, Lu Z, Xie Y, Yang CS, Guo GL, Wang G, Aa J. The Hypoglycemic Effect of Berberine and Berberrubine Involves Modulation of Intestinal Farnesoid X Receptor Signaling Pathway and Inhibition of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 49:276-286. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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17
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Abstract
1. Egg-laying performance reflects the overall reproductive performance of breeding hens. The genetic traits for egg-laying performance have low or medium heritability, and, depending on the period involved, usually ranges from 0.16 to 0.64. Egg-laying in chickens is regulated by a combination of environmental, endocrine and genetic factors. 2. The main endocrine factors that regulate egg-laying are gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH). 3. In the last three decades, many studies have explored this aspect at a molecular genetic level. Recent studies identified 31 reproductive hormone-based candidate genes that were significantly associated with egg-laying performance. With the development of genome-sequencing technology, 64 new candidate genes and 108 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to egg-laying performance have been found using genome-wide association studies (GWAS), providing novel insights into the molecular genetic mechanisms governing egg production. At the same time, microRNAs that regulate genes responsible for egg-laying in chickens were reviewed. 4. Research on endocrinological and genetic factors affecting egg-laying performance will greatly improve the reproductive performance of chickens and promote the protection, development, and utilisation of poultry. This review summarises studies on the endocrine and genetic factors of egg-laying performance in chickens from 1972 to 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
| | - L Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Y He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
| | - T Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
| | - J Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
| | - C Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming, Yunnan, The People's Republic of China
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18
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Abstract
Collagen signaling is critical for proper bone and tooth formation. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is a collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor shown to be essential for skeletal development. Patients with loss of function mutations in DDR2 develop spondylo-meta-epiphyseal dysplasia (SMED), a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short stature, short limbs, and craniofacial anomalies. A similar phenotype was observed in Ddr2-deficient mice, which exhibit dwarfism and defective bone formation in the axial, appendicular, and cranial skeletons. However, it is not known if Ddr2 has a role in tooth formation. We first defined the expression pattern of Ddr2 during tooth formation using Ddr2-LacZ knock-in mice. Ddr2 expression was detected in the dental follicle/sac and dental papilla mesenchyme of developing teeth and in odontoblasts and the periodontal ligament (PDL) of adults. No LacZ staining was detected in wild-type littermates. This Ddr2 expression pattern suggests a potential role in the tooth and surrounding periodontium. To uncover the function of Ddr2, we used Ddr2slie/slie mice, which contain a spontaneous 150-kb deletion in the Ddr2 locus to produce an effective null. In comparison with wild-type littermates, Ddr2slie/slie mice displayed disproportional tooth size (decreased root/crown ratio), delayed tooth root development, widened PDL space, and interradicular alveolar bone defects. Ddr2slie/slie mice also had abnormal collagen content associated with upregulation of periostin levels within the PDL. The delayed root formation and periodontal abnormalities may be related to defects in RUNX2-dependent differentiation of odontoblasts and osteoblasts; RUNX2-S319-P was reduced in PDLs from Ddr2slie/slie mice, and deletion of Ddr2 in primary cell cultures from dental pulp and PDL inhibited differentiation of cells to odontoblasts or osteoblasts, respectively. Together, our studies demonstrate odontoblast- and PDL-specific expression of Ddr2 in mature and immature teeth, as well as indicate that DDR2 signaling is important for normal tooth formation and maintenance of the surrounding periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.F. Mohamed
- Departments of Periodontics and
Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA
| | - C. Ge
- Departments of Periodontics and
Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA
| | - A. Binrayes
- Departments of Periodontics and
Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA,Department of Prosthetic Dental
Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
| | - R.T. Franceschi
- Departments of Periodontics and
Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA,Department of Biological
Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA,Department of Biomedical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,R.T. Franceschi, Department of
Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of
Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078 USA.
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19
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Liu Y, Liu X, Hua W, Wei Q, Fang X, Zhao Z, Ge C, Liu C, Chen C, Tao Y, Zhu Y. Berberine inhibits macrophage M1 polarization via AKT1/SOCS1/NF-κB signaling pathway to protect against DSS-induced colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 57:121-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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20
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Yue X, Ge C, Zhuge S, He H, Yang H, Xu H, Huang A, Zhao Y. Changes and analysis of anti-HBs titres after primary immunization in 1- to 16-year-old Chinese children: A hospital-based study. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:373-380. [PMID: 29091317 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective measure to prevent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in antibody levels induced by administration of the hepatitis B vaccine in children aged 1-16 year old in a large sample sized investigation. HBV markers were determined in 93 326 1- to 16-year-old hospitalized children who completed primary immunization as infants from south-west China, Chongqing. Analyses were performed on anti-HBs titre changes with increasing age, and the revaccination effect was evaluated in children aged 7-14. The percentage of protective antibody was between 45.29% and 63.33% in all age groups, but was higher in the 1-, 2- and 3-year-old groups (90.31%, 83.95% and 71.82%, respectively), and the rate of high-responder was 5.03%-10.56%, except in the 1-year-old group (23.33%). Additionally, 3.33%-25.79% of subjects had not seroconverted. There was no significant difference in antibody levels between girls and boys (P > .05). The Geometric Mean Titers in children with confirmed revaccination history were significantly higher than those with unknown or no revaccination history (P < .0001). In conclusion, the overall rate of protective anti-HBs was 67.10% with consecutive age groups from 1 to 16, it decreased from 90.31% to 45.29% for 1- to 8-year-old individuals, and interestingly, the rate increased from 45.46% to 63.33% for subjects aged 9-15. Anti-HBs titres were significantly improved after revaccination. Booster doses are recommended for those without seroconversion, especially children who live in school with other students or have family members with positive HBsAg.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yue
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - C Ge
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - S Zhuge
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - H He
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - H Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - H Xu
- Infection Department of the Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - A Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Pediatric Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
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21
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Feng SQ, Aa N, Geng JL, Huang JQ, Sun RB, Ge C, Yang ZJ, Wang LS, Aa JY, Wang GJ. Pharmacokinetic and metabolomic analyses of the neuroprotective effects of salvianolic acid A in a rat ischemic stroke model. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1435-1444. [PMID: 28836583 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SAA), a water-soluble phenolic acid isolated from the root of Dan Shen, displays distinct antioxidant activity and effectiveness in protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. However, whether SAA can enter the central nervous system and exert its protective effects by directly targeting brain tissue remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the cerebral protection of SAA in rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) followed by reperfusion. The rats were treated with SAA (5, 10 mg/kg, iv) when the reperfusion was performed. SAA administration significantly decreased cerebral infarct area and the brain water content, attenuated the neurological deficit and pathology, and enhanced the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity in tMCAO rats. The concentration of SAA in the plasma and brain was detected using LC-MS/MS. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that the circulatory system exposure to SAA was equivalent in the sham controls and I/R rats, but the brain exposure to SAA was significantly higher in the I/R rats than in the sham controls (fold change of 9.17), suggesting that the enhanced exposure to SAA contributed to its cerebral protective effect. Using a GC/MS-based metabolomic platform, metabolites in the serum and brain tissue were extracted and profiled. According to the metabolomic pattern of the tissue data, SAA administration significantly modulated the I/R-caused perturbation of metabolism in the brain to a greater extent than that in the serum, demonstrating that SAA worked at the brain tissue level rather than the whole circulation system. In conclusion, a larger amount of SAA enters the central nervous system in ischemia/reperfusion rats to facilitate its protective and regulatory effects on the perturbed metabolism.
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22
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Ge C, Mohamed F, Binrayes A, Kapila S, Franceschi RT. Selective Role of Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 in Murine Temporomandibular Joint Development and Aging. J Dent Res 2017; 97:321-328. [PMID: 29073363 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517738190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are often associated with development of osteoarthritis-like changes in the mandibular condyle. Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), a collagen receptor preferentially activated by type I and III collagen found in the TMJ and other fibrocartilages, has been associated with TMJ degeneration, but its role in normal joint development has not been previously examined. Using Ddr2 LacZ-tagged mice and immunohistochemistry, we found that DDR2 is preferentially expressed and activated in the articular zone of TMJs but not knee joints. To assess the requirement for Ddr2 in TMJ development, studies were undertaken to compare wild-type and smallie ( slie) mice, which contain a spontaneous deletion in Ddr2 to produce an effective null allele. Analysis of TMJs from newborn Ddr2slie/slie mice revealed a developmental delay in condyle mineralization, as measured by micro-computed tomography and histologic analysis. In marked contrast, knee joints of Ddr2slie/slie mice were normal. Analysis of older Ddr2slie/slie mice (3 and 10 mo) revealed that the early developmental delay led to a dramatic and progressive loss of TMJ articular integrity and osteoarthritis-like changes. Mutant condyles had a rough and flattened bone surface, accompanied by a dramatic loss of bone mineral density. Mankin scores showed significantly greater degenerative changes in the TMJs of 3- and 10-mo-old Ddr2slie/slie mice as compared with wild-type controls. No DDR2-dependent degenerative changes were seen in knees. Analysis of primary cultures of TMJ articular chondrocytes from wild-type and Ddr2slie/slie mice showed defects in chondrocyte maturation and mineralization in the absence of Ddr2. These studies demonstrate that DDR2 is necessary for normal TMJ condyle development and homeostasis and that these DDR2 functions are restricted to TMJ fibrocartilage and not seen in the hyaline cartilage of the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ge
- 1 Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Mohamed
- 1 Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Binrayes
- 1 Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,2 Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Kapila
- 3 Orthodontics and Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R T Franceschi
- 1 Departments of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,4 Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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23
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Liu M, Wang H, Liu B, Chen K, Shi Y, Ge C, Dong L. Dosimetric Analysis of Radiation Therapy Plans With or Without Flattening Filter in Superficial Tumors of Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Dokainish H, Teo K, Zhu J, Roy A, AlHabib KF, ElSayed A, Palileo-Villaneuva L, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Karaye K, Yusoff K, Orlandini A, Sliwa K, Mondo C, Lanas F, Prabhakaran D, Badr A, Elmaghawry M, Damasceno A, Tibazarwa K, Belley-Cote E, Balasubramanian K, Islam S, Yacoub MH, Huffman MD, Harkness K, Grinvalds A, McKelvie R, Bangdiwala SI, Yusuf S, Campos R, Chacón C, Cursack G, Diez F, Escobar C, Garcia C, Vilamajo OG, Hominal M, Ingaramo A, Kucharczuk G, Pelliza M, Rojas A, Villani A, Zapata G, Bourke P, Lanas F, Nahuelpan L, Olivares C, Riquelme R, Ai F, Bai X, Chen X, Chen Y, Gao M, Ge C, He Y, Huang W, Jiang H, Liang T, Liang X, Liao Y, Liu S, Luo Y, Lu L, Qin S, Tan G, Tan H, Wang T, Wang X, Wei F, Xiao F, Zhang B, Zheng T, Mendoza JA, Anaya MB, Gomez E, de Salazar DM, Quiroz F, Rodríguez M, Sotomayor MS, Navas AT, León MB, Montalvo LF, Jaramillo ML, Patiño EP, Perugachi C, Trujillo Cruz F, Elmaghawry M, Wagdy K, Bhardwaj A, Chaturvedi V, Gokhale GK, Gupta R, Honnutagi R, Joshi P, Ladhani S, Negi P, Roy A, Reddy N, Abdullah A, Hassan MA, Balasinga M, Kasim S, Tan W, Yusoff K, Damasceno A, Banze R, Calua E, Novela C, Chemane J, Akintunde A, Ansa V, Gbadamosi H, Karaye K, Mbakwem A, Mohammed S, Nwafor E, Ojji D, Olunuga T, Sa'idu BOH, Umuerri E, Alcaraz J, Palileo-Villanueva L, Palomares E, Timonera MR, Badr A, Alghamdi S, Alhabib K, Almasood A, Alsaif S, Elasfar A, Ghabashi A, Mimish L, Bester F, Kelbe D, Klug E, Sliwa K, Tibarzawa K, Abdalla O, Dimitri M, Mustafa H, Osman O, Saad A, Mondo C. Global mortality variations in patients with heart failure: results from the International Congestive Heart Failure (INTER-CHF) prospective cohort study. The Lancet Global Health 2017; 5:e665-e672. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo H, Mao Z, Ge C. Identification and characterization of a phospholipase A1 activity type three secreted protein, PP_ExoU from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida NB2011, the causative agent of visceral granulomas disease in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). J Fish Dis 2017; 40:831-840. [PMID: 27734506 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida NB2011, the causative agent of visceral granulomas disease in farmed Larimichthys crocea in China, encodes a predicted type three effector PP_ExoU, a homolog of the cytotoxin ExoU of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, secretion of PP_ExoU was tested in various broth, the protein was expressed with the pET30a prokaryotic system, the phospholipase A (PLA) activity of the recombinant protein was determined with fluorogenic phospholipid substrates, fusion expression with green fluorescent protein in transfected HeLa cells was investigated, and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was measured. The results showed the protein was type three secreted in several media; the recombinant protein displayed significant PLA1 activity with ubiquitin. Fluorescence was observed on the cell membrane and scattered in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells expressing catalytic wild-type PP_ExoU, blebbing and stretching developed in the cell membranes indicating of membrane damage. Fluorescence scattered in the cytoplasm of cells expressing the catalytic inactive protein. A significant LDH level was detected in HeLa cells expressing wild-type PP_exoU, but not in the Ser/Asp-mutated protein, suggestion mutation of predicted catalytic residues abolished the PLA activity. This is the first report on the function of a secreted type three protein from P. plecoglossicida.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Biological and Environmental College, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Y Wang
- Biological and Environmental College, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - H Guo
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Mao
- Biological and Environmental College, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - C Ge
- Biological and Environmental College, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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26
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Wang G, Aa J, Ge C. The underlying mechanism contributing to P-gp over-expression and drug resistance in the MCF-7 breast cancer cells induced by adriamycin. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e12028 Background: Continuous exposure of breast cancer cells to adriamycin (ADR) induces the over-expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multiple drug resistance. However, the biochemical process and underlying mechanisms are not clear. Our previous study revealed that ADR increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reduced glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis, while N-acetylcysteine, the ROS scavenger, reversed the over-expressed P-gp induced by ADR. Methods: Based on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 subline (MCF-7R), we investigated the P-gp expression on mRNA, protein and function level by qPCR, western blotting, flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal and so on, under SLC7A11 down-regulation/over-expression, cystine depletion/supplement, increased ROS generation and combined factors. Results: The present study showed that ADR inhibited cystine influx (source material of GSH) and SLC7A11 transporter (in charge of cystine uptake) in MCF-7 cells. For the first time, we showed that a down-regulation/silence of SLC7A11, or cystine deprivation, or an enhanced exposure of ROS agents directly and significantly increased P-gp expression; yet, a combination of either an inhibited/silenced SLC7A11 or cystine deprivation and an increased ROS dramatically promoted the P-gp expression in MCF-7 cells. On the contrary, an over-expression of SLC7A11, or sufficiently supplementary cystine, or scavenger of ROS significantly depressed P-gp expression and activity. Moreover, the down-regulation of SLC7A11 and cystine deprivation induced an elevation of ROS and P-gp that could be reversed by N-acetylcysteine. It was suggested that ROS and SLC7A11/cystine were the two relevant factors responsible for the upregulated expression and function of P-gp. Conclusions: This study provided the direct evidences suggesting that ROS triggered over-expression of P-gp and demonstrated that the combination of either an inhibition of SLC7A11 or cystine influx and elevated ROS was the underlying mechanism contributing to P-gp over-expression induced by ADR. It was indicated that the SLC7A11 might be a potential target modulating ADR resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiye Aa
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Ge
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang N, Sun RB, Chen XL, Zhen L, Ge C, Zhao YQ, He J, Geng JL, Guo JH, Yu XY, Fei F, Feng SQ, Zhu XX, Wang HB, Fu FH, Aa JY, Wang GJ. In vitro assessment of the glucose-lowering effects of berberrubine-9-O-β-D-glucuronide, an active metabolite of berberrubine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:351-361. [PMID: 28042874 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberrubine (BRB) is the primary metabolite of berberine (BBR) that has shown a stronger glucose-lowering effect than BBR in vivo. On the other hand, BRB is quickly and extensively metabolized into berberrubine-9-O-β-D-glucuronide (BRBG) in rats after oral administration. In this study we compared the pharmacokinetic properties of BRB and BRBG in rats, and explored the mechanisms underlying their glucose-lowering activities. C57BL/6 mice with HFD-induced hyperglycemia were administered BRB (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) for 6 weeks, which caused greater reduction in the plasma glucose levels than those caused by BBR (120 mg·kg-1·d-1) or BRB (25 mg·kg-1·d-1). In addition, BRB dose-dependently decreased the activity of α-glucosidase in gut of the mice. After oral administration of BRB in rats, the exposures of BRBG in plasma at 3 different dosages (10, 40, 80 mg/kg) and in urine at different time intervals (0-4, 4-10, 10-24 h) were dramatically greater than those of BRB. In order to determine the effectiveness of BRBG in reducing glucose levels, we prepared BRBG from the urine pool of rats, and identified and confirmed it through LC-MS-IT-TOF and NMR spectra. In human normal liver cell line L-O2 in vitro, treatment with BRB or BRBG (5, 20, 50 μmol/L) increased glucose consumption, enhanced glycogenesis, stimulated the uptake of the glucose analog 2-NBDG, and modulated the mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and hexokinase. However, both BBR and BRB improved 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-resistant L-O2 cells, while BRBG has no effect. In conclusion, BRB exerts a stronger glucose-lowering effect than BBR in HFD-induced hyperglycemia mice. Although BRB significantly stimulated the insulin sensitivity and glycolysis in vitro, BRBG may have a greater contribution to the glucose-lowering effect because it has much greater system exposure than BRB after oral administration of BRB. The results suggest that BRBG is a potential agent for reducing glucose levels.
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Kleer CG, Martin EE, Anwar T, Arellano-Garcia C, Lama A, Medhora N, Chen YC, Yoon E, Ge C, Franceschi R, Gonzalez ME. Abstract P4-03-03: Microenvironment induced DDR2 mediates stromal-cancer interactions and metastasis growth in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p4-03-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- CG Kleer
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - EE Martin
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - T Anwar
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - A Lama
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - N Medhora
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Y-C Chen
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - E Yoon
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - C Ge
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Yu Y, Wang X, Ge C, Wang B, Cheng C, Gan YH. Effects of rinsing with arginine bicarbonate and urea solutions on initial enamel lesionsin situ. Oral Dis 2017; 23:353-359. [PMID: 27917567 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- Central Laboratory; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
| | - X Wang
- Central Laboratory; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
| | - C Ge
- Department of Prosthodontics; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
| | - C Cheng
- Central Laboratory; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
| | - Y-H Gan
- Central Laboratory; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing Haidian District China
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Liu YY, Guo X, Zhu L, Wang XJ, Ge C, Zhao L, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang ZM, Sun LT. ZnO nanosheet-assisted immobilization of Ag nanoparticles on graphene/Ni foam for highly efficient reduction of 4-nitrophenol. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO nanosheet-assisted immobilization of Ag nanoparticles on graphene/Ni foam forming a novel hybrid structure for catalysis.
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Abstract
Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) include stem cells capable of forming all mesenchymal tissues, including bone. However, before MSCs can be successfully used in regeneration procedures, methods must be developed to stimulate their differentiation selectively to osteoblasts. Runx2, a bone-specific transcription factor, is known to stimulate osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Runx2 gene therapy can be used to heal a critical-sized defect in mouse calvaria. Runx2-engineered MSCs displayed enhanced osteogenic potential and osteoblast-specific gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Runx2-expressing cells also dramatically enhanced the healing of critical-sized calvarial defects and increased both bone volume fraction and bone mineral density. These studies provide a novel route for enhancing osteogenesis that may have future therapeutic applications for craniofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zhao
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Z. Wang
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C. Ge
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - P. Krebsbach
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R.T. Franceschi
- Program in Oral Health Sciences,
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, and
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; and
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Sun R, Yang N, Kong B, Cao B, Feng D, Yu X, Ge C, Huang J, Shen J, Wang P, Feng S, Fei F, Guo J, He J, Aa N, Chen Q, Pan Y, Schumacher JD, Yang CS, Guo GL, Aa J, Wang G. Orally Administered Berberine Modulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism by Altering Microbial Bile Acid Metabolism and the Intestinal FXR Signaling Pathway. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 91:110-122. [PMID: 27932556 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the lipid-lowering effect of berberine (BBR) involves actions on the low-density lipoprotein receptor and the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. However, the implication of these mechanisms is unclear because of the low bioavailability of BBR. Because the main action site of BBR is the gut and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, we hypothesized that the effects of BBR on intestinal FXR signaling pathway might account for its pharmacological effectiveness. Using wild type (WT) and intestine-specific FXR knockout (FXRint-/-) mice, we found that BBR prevented the development of high-fat-diet-induced obesity and ameliorated triglyceride accumulation in livers of WT, but not FXRint-/- mice. BBR increased conjugated bile acids in serum and their excretion in feces. Furthermore, BBR inhibited bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in gut microbiota, and significantly increased the levels of tauro-conjugated bile acids, especially tauro-cholic acid(TCA), in the intestine. Both BBR and TCA treatment activated the intestinal FXR pathway and reduced the expression of fatty-acid translocase Cd36 in the liver. These results indicate that BBR may exert its lipid-lowering effect primarily in the gut by modulating the turnover of bile acids and subsequently the ileal FXR signaling pathway. In summary, we provide the first evidence to suggest a new mechanism of BBR action in the intestine that involves, sequentially, inhibiting BSH, elevating TCA, and activating FXR, which lead to the suppression of hepatic expression of Cd36 that results in reduced uptake of long-chain fatty acids in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingqiu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Aa
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Justin D Schumacher
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Grace L Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China (R.S., N.Y., D.F., X.Y., C.G., J.H., P.W., S.F., F.F. J.G., J.H., N.A., Q.C., J.A., G.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.K., J.S., Y.P., J.D.S., G.L.G.), Department of Chemical Biology (C.S.Y.), Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (B.C.), the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Oikawa PY, Ge C, Wang J, Eberwein JR, Liang LL, Allsman LA, Grantz DA, Jenerette GD. Unusually high soil nitrogen oxide emissions influence air quality in a high-temperature agricultural region. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8753. [PMID: 26556236 PMCID: PMC4659929 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilized soils have large potential for production of soil nitrogen oxide (NOx=NO+NO2), however these emissions are difficult to predict in high-temperature environments. Understanding these emissions may improve air quality modelling as NOx contributes to formation of tropospheric ozone (O3), a powerful air pollutant. Here we identify the environmental and management factors that regulate soil NOx emissions in a high-temperature agricultural region of California. We also investigate whether soil NOx emissions are capable of influencing regional air quality. We report some of the highest soil NOx emissions ever observed. Emissions vary nonlinearly with fertilization, temperature and soil moisture. We find that a regional air chemistry model often underestimates soil NOx emissions and NOx at the surface and in the troposphere. Adjusting the model to match NOx observations leads to elevated tropospheric O3. Our results suggest management can greatly reduce soil NOx emissions, thereby improving air quality. Soil NOx emissions can significantly impact air quality in agricultural regions, particularly high temperature fertilized systems. Here, the authors investigate NOx emissions in one such system in California and suggest that the NOx emissions are the highest ever observed, with implications for air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y Oikawa
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Ge
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - J Wang
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - J R Eberwein
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - L L Liang
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - L A Allsman
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D A Grantz
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - G D Jenerette
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Sun RB, Yu XY, Mao Y, Ge C, Yang Na, A JY, Tang YP, Duan JA, Ma ZT, Wu XT, Zhu XX, Wang GJ. [Metabolomic approach to evaluating the effect of the mixed decoction of kelp and licorice on system metabolism of SD rats]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2015; 50:312-8. [PMID: 26118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the single and mixed decoction of Thallus laminariae (kelp) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) on the metabolism and their difference. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice and the single decoction were made and intragastrically administered to the SD rats. The effect on system metabolism, the toxicity of liver and kidney were assessed by GC-MS profiling of the endogenous molecules in serum, routine biochemical assays and histographic inspection of tissues from SD rats, separately. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice induced more obvious pathological abnormalities in SD rats than a single decoction of kelp, while the extracts of licorice did not show any pathological change. Neither the mixed, nor the single decoction showed abnormal histopathology. After intragastric administration of extracts for 5 days, the mixed decoction induced a decrease of ALT (no significant change in the groups of single decoction) and an increase of BUN (so did the single decoction of kelp). Metabolomic profile of the molecules in serum revealed that the metabolic patterns were all obviously affected for the three groups, i.e., the mixed and single decoction of kelp and licorice. The rats given with the single decoction of kelp showed a similar pattern to that of the mixed decoction, indicating that the kelp primarily contributed the perturbation of metabolism for the mixed decoction. All three groups induced a decrease of branched chain amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates (e.g., pyruvic acid and lactic acid) and an increase of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kelp decoction showed stronger potential in reducing TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates than the other two groups, while the levels of branched chain amino acids were the lowest after licorice extracts were given. These results suggested that the effect of the mixed decoction on metabolism was closely associated with both kelp and licorice. The continuous administration of single decoction of kelp and the mixed decoction of licorice and kelp resulted in pathological abnormalities in kidney of SD rats. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice distinctly perturbed sera molecules and hence system metabolism, which showed associated with those of kelp and licorice. Although the metabolic effect was associated with both kelp and licorice, the results suggested kelp contributed to it primarily.
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Xiao WJ, Ma T, Ge C, Xia WJ, Mao Y, Sun RB, Yu XY, Aa JY, Wang GJ. Modulation of the pentose phosphate pathway alters phase I metabolism of testosterone and dextromethorphan in HepG2 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:259-67. [PMID: 25619394 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is involved in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and generation of NADPH, which plays a key role in drug metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of modulation of the PPP on drug metabolism capacity in vitro. METHODS A pair of hepatic cell lines, ie, the cancerous HepG2 cells and normal L02 cells, was used. The expression of CYP450 enzymes, p53 and G6PD in the cells were analyzed. The metabolism of testosterone (TEST, 10 μmol/L) and dextromethorphan (DEM, 1 μmol/L), the two typical substrates for CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, in the cells was examined in the presence of different agents. RESULTS Both the expression and metabolic activities of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 were considerably higher in HepG2 cells than in L02 cells. The metabolism of TEST and DEM in HepG2 cells was dose-dependently inhibited by the specific CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole and CYP2D6 inhibitor quinidine. Addition of the p53 inhibitor cyclic PFT-α (5, 25 μmol/L) in HepG2 cells dose-dependently enhanced the metabolism of DEM and TEST, whereas addition of the p53 activator NSC 66811 (3, 10, 25 μmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited the metabolism. Furthermore, addition of the G6PD inhibitor 6-aminonicotinamide (5, 15 μmol/L) in HepG2 cells dose-dependently inhibited the metabolism of DEM and TEST, whereas addition of the PPP activity stimulator menadione (1, 5, 15 μmol/L) dose-dependently enhanced the metabolism. CONCLUSION Modulation of p53 and the PPP alters the metabolism of DEM and TEST, suggesting that the metabolic flux pattern of PPP may be closely involved in drug metabolism and the individual variance.
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Zhang M, Lu M, Ge C, Cunningham BT. Plasmonic external cavity laser refractometric sensor. Opt Express 2014; 22:20347-57. [PMID: 25321243 PMCID: PMC4163156 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Combining the high sensitivity properties of surface plasmon resonance refractive index sensing with a tunable external cavity laser, we demonstrate a plasmonic external cavity laser (ECL) for high resolution refractometric sensing. The plasmonic ECL utilizes a plasmonic crystal with extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) as the wavelength-selective element, and achieves single mode lasing at the transmission peak of the EOT resonance. The plasmonic ECL refractometric sensor maintains the high sensitivity of a plasmonic crystal sensor, while simultaneously providing a narrow spectral linewidth through lasing emission, resulting in a record high figure of merit for refractometric sensing with an active or passive optical resonator. We demonstrate single-mode and continuous-wave operation of the electrically-pumped laser system, and show the ability to measure refractive index changes with a 3σ detection limit of 1.79 × 10(-6) RIU. The demonstrated approach is a promising path towards label-free optical biosensing with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios for challenging applications in small molecule drug discovery and pathogen sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
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Pokhriyal A, Lu M, Ge C, Cunningham BT. Coupled external cavity photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence. J Biophotonics 2014; 7:332-40. [PMID: 23129575 PMCID: PMC4913889 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a fundamentally new approach to enhance fluorescence in which surface adsorbed fluorophore-tagged biomolecules are excited on a photonic crystal surface that functions as a narrow bandwidth and tunable mirror of an external cavity laser. This scheme leads to ∼10× increase in the electromagnetic enhancement factor compared to ordinary photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence. In our experiments, the cavity automatically tunes its lasing wavelength to the resonance wavelength of the photonic crystal, ensuring optimal on-resonance coupling even in the presence of variable device parameters and variations in the density of surface-adsorbed capture molecules. We achieve ∼10(5) × improvement in the limit of detection of a fluorophore-tagged protein compared to its detection on an unpatterned glass substrate. The enhanced fluorescence signal and easy optical alignment make cavity-coupled photonic crystals a viable approach for further reducing detection limits of optically-excited light emitters that are used in biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
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Zhao C, Sun R, Cao B, Gu S, Zhao J, Liu L, Wang X, Zha W, Yu X, Xiao W, Mao Y, Ge C, Ju J, Aa L, Fei F, Ding Y, Aa J, Wang G. An in vitro metabolic system of gut flora and the metabolism of ginsenoside Rg3 and cholic acid. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 39:129-37. [PMID: 23749587 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-013-0143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
For orally administered drugs, the metabolism of a drug by the gut flora plays an important role in the bioavailability, activation and disposition of the drug in vivo. However, no in vitro system is currently available to evaluate the metabolism of a drug by the gut flora before the drug is absorbed into the body. This paper presents an in vitro metabolic system in an anaerobic environment that could be used to evaluate the metabolism of an endogenous compound, cholic acid, and a xenobiotic compound, ginsenoside Rg3. We showed that the proliferation of the anaerobic bacteria of the gut content of hamsters produced a similar composition of gut flora in a culture medium for yeast to that in vivo. Incubation of ginsenoside Rg3 and cholic acid in the anaerobic in vitro system efficiently produced the metabolites Rh2 and deoxycholic acid, respectively, similar to those seen in the gut content in vivo. In comparison with in vivo analysis, this anaerobic in vitro metabolic system is convenient, reproducible, economic and animal saving, and can easily be applied to assess the transformation and disposition of a drug before it enters into the circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang M, Ge C, Lu M, Zhang Z, Cunningham BT. A self-referencing biosensor based upon a dual-mode external cavity laser. Appl Phys Lett 2013; 102:213701. [PMID: 23825805 PMCID: PMC3683028 DOI: 10.1063/1.4801427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To improve the ability of an external cavity laser (ECL) biosensor to more easily distinguish true signals caused by biomolecular binding from a variety of sources of background noise, two photonic crystal (PC) resonant reflectors were incorporated into a single flow cell, with one of the PCs performing the detection function and the other one serving as a reference sensor. The ECL-based sensor system simultaneously emits at two distinct wavelengths corresponding to two different longitudinal cavity modes selected by the sensing and reference PC reflectors. The surface of the sensing PC filter was functionalized by a biomolecule recognition layer and exhibited narrowband reflection with the peak reflection wavelength at 856 nm. The reference PC was untreated and had the peak reflection wavelength at 859 nm. The PCs were bond to the upper and lower surfaces of a thin chamber frame, forming a flow cell. Utilizing the reference external cavity mode, the dual-mode ECL sensor system eliminated common-mode noise sources, including thermal drift, refractive index variations of the analyte solution, and nonspecific biomolecule binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Ge C, Bohrerova Z, Lee J. Inactivation of internalized Salmonella Typhimurium in lettuce and green onion using ultraviolet C irradiation and chemical sanitizers. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114:1415-24. [PMID: 23351161 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The internalized human pathogens in fresh produce are not effectively removed during conventional washing, and therefore, it may cause foodborne illness when the produce is consumed raw. Thus, effective nonthermal processes are needed to prevent this risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Green fluorescence protein-tagged Salmonella Typhimurium was either sprayed on the surface of iceberg lettuce or injected into the bottom part (bulb) of green onions to induce bacterial internalization. The contaminated vegetables were collected after 2 days and subjected to surface disinfection. Different fluencies of UV-C radiation (75-900 mJ cm(-2)) and two fluencies of UV-C (450, 900 mJ cm(-2)) combined with chlorine and peracetic acid (PAA) were applied to the produce to examine the inactivation efficiency of internalized bacteria. A range of 1·96-2·52 log reduction in the internalized Salmonella was achieved when the lettuce was treated with higher UV-C fluency (150, 450, 900 mJ cm(-2)) or UV-C combined with chemical disinfectants. Significant reduction (1·00-1·49 log CFU g(-1)) in internalized Salmonella was observed in green onion treated with UV-C with the fluency of 150 or 900 mJ cm(-2) or UV-C-chlorine/PAA. No significant reduction was observed in either lettuce or green onion treatments when chlorine or PAA was used alone. The food quality measured with firmness was not changed during any treatments. However, a slight colour change was observed in lettuce only when UV-C was used at 900 mJ cm(-2). CONCLUSION High fluency UV-C can significantly inactivate the internalized Salmonella in lettuce and green onion while maintaining the food quality. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This research provides applicable research outcomes for developing nonthermal methods to inactivate internalized pathogens in fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ge
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Ge C, Lu M, George S, Flood TA, Wagner C, Zheng J, Pokhriyal A, Eden JG, Hergenrother PJ, Cunningham BT. External cavity laser biosensor. Lab Chip 2013; 13:1247-56. [PMID: 23429747 PMCID: PMC4610027 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing a tunable photonic crystal resonant reflector as a mirror of an external cavity laser cavity, we demonstrate a new type of label-free optical biosensor that achieves a high quality factor through the process of stimulated emission, while at the same time providing high sensitivity and large dynamic range. The photonic crystal is fabricated inexpensively from plastic materials, and its resonant wavelength is tuned by adsorption of biomolecules on its surface. Gain for the lasing process is provided by a semiconductor optical amplifier, resulting in a simple detection instrument that operates by normally incident noncontact illumination of the photonic crystal and direct back-reflection into the amplifier. We demonstrate single-mode, biomolecule-induced tuning of the continuous-wave laser wavelength. Because the approach incorporates external optical gain that is separate from the transducer, the device represents a significant advance over previous passive optical resonator biosensors and laser-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Sherine George
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Timothy A. Flood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Clark Wagner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Anusha Pokhriyal
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - J. Gary Eden
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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Rosenblum J, Ge C, Bohrerova Z, Yousef A, Lee J. Ozonation as a clean technology for fresh produce industry and environment: sanitizer efficiency and wastewater quality. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:837-45. [PMID: 22788957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05393.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Inactivating microbial contaminants in fresh produce commonly uses chlorine washing. The effectiveness of ozone was explored as an alternative to chlorine in produce washing for ensuring microbial safety while maximizing water reusability. METHODS AND RESULTS An ozone washing system was designed to permit continuous addition of contaminated produce and the reuse of washing water. The effectiveness of ozonation (<2 mg l(-1) ) was determined using Bacillus subtilis spores as a stricter measure of efficiency with processing time of 10 min. As a comparison, chlorine (c. 100 mg l(-1) ) was tested in parallel. Water quality characteristics, including chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, disinfectants concentration and microbial reduction were measured. Ozonation showed an average of 1·56 log reduction of B. subtilis spores on lettuce, while chlorination achieved a 1·30 log reduction. The effluents after ozonation demonstrated improved water quality, both in physicochemical quality and microbial quality compared to chlorination. CONCLUSION Aqueous ozone treatment is effective against microbial contaminants on fresh produce and enables extended use of washing water. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The results provide significant data about ozone disinfection efficacy and its impact on the water reusability, which can facilitate the ozone utilization in the fresh produce production as an environmental friendly alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rosenblum
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Zheng J, Ge C, Wagner CJ, Lu M, Cunningham BT, Hewitt JD, Eden JG. Tunable ring laser with internal injection seeding and an optically-driven photonic crystal reflector. Opt Express 2012; 20:14292-14301. [PMID: 22714491 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.014292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Continuous tuning over a 1.6 THz region in the near-infrared (842.5-848.6 nm) has been achieved with a hybrid ring/external cavity laser having a single, optically-driven grating reflector and gain provided by an injection-seeded semiconductor amplifier. Driven at 532 nm and incorporating a photonic crystal with an azobenzene overlayer, the reflector has a peak reflectivity of ~80% and tunes at the rate of 0.024 nm per mW of incident green power. In a departure from conventional ring or external cavity lasers, the frequency selectivity for this system is provided by the passband of the tunable photonic crystal reflector and line narrowing in a high gain amplifier. Sub - 0.1 nm linewidths and amplifier extraction efficiencies above 97% are observed with the reflector tuned to 842.5 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Chen C, Ge C. Toxicity of carbon nanotubes. Toxicol Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ge C, Zhang X, Guo Y, Zhang R, Bian H, Zhang S. Structural and quantum chemical analysis on 4,4′-di(2-hydroxybenzylamino)diphenylmethane. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476611030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ge C, Yang X, Fan Y, Kamara A, Zhang X, Fu J, Wang L. Quality of life among Chinese college teachers: A cross-sectional survey. Public Health 2011; 125:308-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ge C, Lu M, Tan Y, Cunningham BT. Enhancement of pump efficiency of a visible wavelength organic distributed feedback laser by resonant optical pumping. Opt Express 2011; 19:5086-5092. [PMID: 21445143 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.005086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 22× reduction in laser pump threshold and a 23× enhancement in energy conversion have been demonstrated on a second order distributed feedback (DFB) laser using a resonant optical pumping (ROP) technique. The ROP scheme couples the excitation light into a distinct resonant mode of the laser cavity through the illuminating at a specific resonant incident angle. Coupling excitation light into the resonant mode results in an enhanced near-field, which significantly increases pump absorption by the active medium. Consequently, high power conversion efficiency between pumping light and lasing emission is achieved and laser pump threshold power is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Yang X, Wang L, Ge C, Hu B, Chi T. Factors associated with occupational strain among Chinese teachers: a cross-sectional study. Public Health 2011; 125:106-13. [PMID: 21288545 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With the reform of the education system in China, teachers are suffering from more occupational strain, which is believed to impair their working state indirectly and affect their health. This study assessed occupational strain and explored the related factors among Chinese teachers. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional with cluster sampling. METHODS The study population was composed of 3570 school teachers working in 64 primary and middle schools in Heping District in Shenyang, China. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire (the Chinese version of the Occupational Stress Inventory scale). Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to study the factors related to occupational strain. RESULTS The average score on the Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) for the whole study population was 106.5 (107.5 in men and 106.3 in women). Teachers with chronic disease, a greater number of days of sick leave, recent experience of a stressful life event and divorced/separated/widowed status tended to suffer greater strain than their peers. Regression analyses showed that the PSQ score was significantly associated with role overload, role boundary, responsibility and physical environment, and inversely associated with recreation and rational coping. The most crucial predictors of occupational strain were chronic disease, days of sick leave, recent experience of a stressful life event and marital status. Being a class teacher was the strongest indicator of interpersonal strain. Self-care was associated with vocational strain and psychological strain, and inversely associated with physical strain. CONCLUSIONS Most teachers in this study experienced a high degree of occupational strain. Chronic disease, days of sick leave, recent experience of a stressful life event and divorced/separated/widowed status played prominent roles in occupational strain. In addition, role overload, role boundary, responsibility and physical environment induce occupational strain, while recreation and rational coping have a positive effect on occupational strain. Interventions such as proper management of chronic diseases and establishment of a balanced work-family life are crucial to reduce occupational strain. Recreation and training in coping abilities are needed to enhance positive working environments and attenuate the occupational strain imposed on teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 92th Second Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
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Ge C, Lu M, Jian X, Tan Y, Cunningham BT. Large-area organic distributed feedback laser fabricated by nanoreplica molding and horizontal dipping. Opt Express 2010; 18:12980-12991. [PMID: 20588427 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.012980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of visible wavelength vertically emitting distributed feedback (DFB) lasers with a subwavelength grating fabricated by a replica molding process and an active polymer layer printed by a horizontal dipping process is reported. The combined techniques enable the organic DFB laser to be uniformly fabricated over large surface areas upon a flexible plastic substrate, with an approach that is compatible with roll-based manufacturing. Using a fixed grating period and depth, DFB laser output wavelength is controlled over a 35 nm range through manipulation of the waveguide layer thickness, which is controlled by the speed of the horizontal dipping process. We also demonstrate that the active area of the structure may be photolithographically patterned to create dense arrays of discrete DFB lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ge
- Dept of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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50
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Yang X, Ge C, Hu B, Chi T, Wang L. Relationship between quality of life and occupational stress among teachers. Public Health 2009; 123:750-5. [PMID: 19883926 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With major changes in the education system and limited resources supplied by the Government, Chinese teachers have been suffering from greater occupational stress in recent years, which is believed to affect their physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between quality of life and occupational stress in primary and middle school teachers. STUDY DESIGN Originals. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using cluster sampling. The study population was composed of 3570 school teachers working in 64 primary and middle schools in Heping District in Shenyang, China. A demographic questionnaire, the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition were employed to collect demographic variables and assess quality of life and occupational stress. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analyses were performed to study the relationship between quality of life and occupational stress. RESULTS The mean scores for both male and female teachers in this study were significantly lower than those for the Chinese general population for all dimensions of quality of life, except mental health and vitality (P<0.05). Male teachers scored significantly higher than female teachers for physical functioning, bodily pain, vitality and physical health (P<0.05). Age, role overload, role insufficiency, vocational strain, psychological strain, physical strain, recreation and rational coping were significantly associated with both the physical and mental component summaries of the SF-36 (P<0.05). Gender, physical environment and self-care appeared to be robust indicators of physical health (P<0.05), while role insufficiency, interpersonal strain and social support were strong indicators of mental health (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In China, teachers have a lower health status than the general population. The quality of life of female teachers is worse than that of male teachers, and deteriorates with age. Occupational stress and strain induce worsening physical and mental conditions for teachers, while coping resources could promote their health. This study suggests that having adequate coping resources, especially social support, in workplaces may be an important factor for improving teachers' quality of life. Moreover, psychological interventions should be set up for teachers, and psychological counselling should be provided to relieve stress and enhance quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.92 North Second Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
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