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Ferrario C, Condoluci C, Tarabini M, Manzia CM, Galli M. Anticipatory postural adjustments and kinematic analysis of step ascent and descent in adults with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:475-487. [PMID: 36808671 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Step ascent and descent is one of the most common daily tasks. Although it is generally considered a rather simple movement, it may not be so easy for participants with Down syndrome. METHODS A kinematic analysis of step ascent and descent was conducted, and a comparison between 11 adult participants with Down syndrome and 23 healthy participants was carried out. This analysis was accompanied by a posturographic analysis with the aim of evaluating aspects relating to balance. The principal aim of postural control was to investigate the trajectory of the centre of pressure, while the kinematic analysis of movement included the following: (1) the analysis of anticipatory postural adjustments, (2) the calculation of spatiotemporal parameters and (3) the evaluation of articular range of motion. RESULTS A general instability for participants with Down syndrome, highlighted in the postural control by an increased anteroposterior and mediolateral excursion, when the test was conducted with both open and closed eyes, was found out. Regarding anticipatory postural adjustments, this deficit in balance control was revealed by the execution of small steps before completing the movement and by a much longer preparation time anticipating the movement. In addition, the kinematic analysis reported a longer ascent and descent time and a lower velocity, accompanied by a greater rising of both limbs in ascent, which indicates an increased perception of the obstacle. Finally, a wider trunk range of motion in both the sagittal and frontal planes was revealed. CONCLUSIONS All the data confirm a compromised balance control that could be associated with damage to the sensorimotor centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - M Tarabini
- Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - M Galli
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Calabrone L, Carlini V, Noonan DM, Festa M, Ferrario C, Morelli D, Macis D, Fontana A, Pistelli L, Brunet C, Sansone C, Albini A. Skeletonema marinoi Extracts and Associated Carotenoid Fucoxanthin Downregulate Pro-Angiogenic Mediators on Prostate Cancer and Endothelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071053. [PMID: 37048126 PMCID: PMC10093511 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration of natural preventive molecules for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical use has recently increased. In this scenario, marine microorganisms represent an underestimated source of bioactive products endowed with beneficial effects on health that include anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, differentiating, anti-tumor, and anti-angiogenic activities. Here, we tested the potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic activities of an extract from the marine coastal diatom Skeletonema marinoi Sarno and Zingone (Sm) on prostate cancer (PCa) and endothelial cells. We also tested one of the main carotenoids of the diatom, the xanthophyll pigment fucoxanthin (Fuco). Fuco from the literature is a potential candidate compound involved in chemopreventive activities. Sm extract and Fuco were able to inhibit PCa cell growth and hinder vascular network formation of endothelial cells. The reduced number of cells was partially due to growth inhibition and apoptosis. We studied the molecular targets by qPCR and membrane antibody arrays. Angiogenesis and inflammation molecules were modulated. In particular, Fuco downregulated the expression of Angiopoietin 2, CXCL5, TGFβ, IL6, STAT3, MMP1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 in both prostate and endothelial cells. Our study confirmed microalgae-derived drugs as potentially relevant sources of novel nutraceuticals, providing candidates for potential dietary or dietary supplement intervention in cancer prevention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Calabrone
- IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Debora Macis
- IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IEO, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council (CNR), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Biology, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Pistelli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Adriana Albini
- IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IEO, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (A.A.)
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Aleotti A, Wilkie IC, Yañez-Guerra LA, Gattoni G, Rahman TA, Wademan RF, Ahmad Z, Ivanova DA, Semmens DC, Delroisse J, Cai W, Odekunle E, Egertová M, Ferrario C, Sugni M, Bonasoro F, Elphick MR. Discovery and functional characterization of neuropeptides in crinoid echinoderms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1006594. [PMID: 36583101 PMCID: PMC9793003 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1006594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are one of the largest and most diverse families of signaling molecules in animals and, accordingly, they regulate many physiological processes and behaviors. Genome and transcriptome sequencing has enabled the identification of genes encoding neuropeptide precursor proteins in species from a growing variety of taxa, including bilaterian and non-bilaterian animals. Of particular interest are deuterostome invertebrates such as the phylum Echinodermata, which occupies a phylogenetic position that has facilitated reconstruction of the evolution of neuropeptide signaling systems in Bilateria. However, our knowledge of neuropeptide signaling in echinoderms is largely based on bioinformatic and experimental analysis of eleutherozoans-Asterozoa (starfish and brittle stars) and Echinozoa (sea urchins and sea cucumbers). Little is known about neuropeptide signaling in crinoids (feather stars and sea lilies), which are a sister clade to the Eleutherozoa. Therefore, we have analyzed transcriptome/genome sequence data from three feather star species, Anneissia japonica, Antedon mediterranea, and Florometra serratissima, to produce the first comprehensive identification of neuropeptide precursors in crinoids. These include representatives of bilaterian neuropeptide precursor families and several predicted crinoid neuropeptide precursors. Using A. mediterranea as an experimental model, we have investigated the expression of selected neuropeptides in larvae (doliolaria), post-metamorphic pentacrinoids and adults, providing new insights into the cellular architecture of crinoid nervous systems. Thus, using mRNA in situ hybridization F-type SALMFamide precursor transcripts were revealed in a previously undescribed population of peptidergic cells located dorso-laterally in doliolaria. Furthermore, using immunohistochemistry a calcitonin-type neuropeptide was revealed in the aboral nerve center, circumoral nerve ring and oral tube feet in pentacrinoids and in the ectoneural and entoneural compartments of the nervous system in adults. Moreover, functional analysis of a vasopressin/oxytocin-type neuropeptide (crinotocin), which is expressed in the brachial nerve of the arms in A. mediterranea, revealed that this peptide causes a dose-dependent change in the mechanical behavior of arm preparations in vitro-the first reported biological action of a neuropeptide in a crinoid. In conclusion, our findings provide new perspectives on neuropeptide signaling in echinoderms and the foundations for further exploration of neuropeptide expression/function in crinoids as a sister clade to eleutherozoan echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Aleotti
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iain C. Wilkie
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Luis A. Yañez-Guerra
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giacomo Gattoni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tahshin A. Rahman
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard F. Wademan
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zakaryya Ahmad
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deyana A. Ivanova
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dean C. Semmens
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Delroisse
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Weigang Cai
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Odekunle
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michaela Egertová
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurice R. Elphick
- School of Biological & Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Maurice R. Elphick,
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Rosenberg J, Milowsky M, Ramamurthy C, Mar N, McKay R, Friedlander T, Ferrario C, Bracarda S, George S, Moon H, Geynisman D, Petrylak D, Borchiellini D, Burgess E, Rey JM, Carret AS, Yu Y, Guseva M, Moreno BH, O'Donnell P. LBA73 Study EV-103 Cohort K: Antitumor activity of enfortumab vedotin (EV) monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab (P) in previously untreated cisplatin-ineligible patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Jhaveri K, Han H, Dotan E, Oh DY, Ferrario C, Tolcher A, Lee KW, Liao CY, Kang YK, Kim Y, Hamilton E, Spira A, Patel N, Karapetis C, Rha S, Boyken L, Woolery J, Bedard P. 460MO Preliminary results from a phase I study using the bispecific, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) zanidatamab zovodotin (ZW49) in solid cancers. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Linch M, Ferrario C, Stoeckle M, Laguerre B, Arranz Arija J, Todenhöfer T, Fong P, Piulats Rodriguez J, Berry W, Emmenegger U, Mourey L, Mar N, Appleman L, Joshua A, Conter H, Li X, Schloss C, Poehlein C, de Bono J, Yu E. 1389P Two-year follow-up of KEYNOTE-365 cohort D: Pembrolizumab (pembro) plus abiraterone acetate (abi) and prednisone in patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Labidi S, N. Meti, R. Barua, Riromar J, Hansen A, Jiang D, Fallah-Rad N, Sridhar S, Ferrario C, Pezo R, Cheng S, Sacher A, Rose A. 1754P Association between body mass index (BMI) and anti-PD1/L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) outcomes in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Allievi A, Canavesi M, Ferrario C, Sugni M, Bonasoro F. An evo-devo perspective on the regeneration patterns of continuous arm structures in stellate echinoderms. The European Zoological Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2039309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Allievi
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Canavesi
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Bonasoro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Boldrocchi G, Spanu D, Polesello S, Valsecchi S, Garibaldi F, Lanteri L, Ferrario C, Monticelli D, Bettinetti R. Legacy and emerging contaminants in the endangered filter feeder basking shark Cetorhinus maximus. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 176:113466. [PMID: 35219080 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The status of contamination by chemical pollutants on large filter feeding sharks is still largely unknown. This study investigated for the first time the presence of legacy, emerging contaminants and trace elements in multiple tissues of basking sharks. In general, skin showed higher concentration of legacy and emerging contaminants probably due to pollutants being adsorbed onto the dermal denticles of the skin rather than accumulated in the tissue itself. Contaminants measured in both subcutaneous tissue and muscles appeared to strongly correlate with each other, indicating that the former might be a good proxy of muscle contamination in basking sharks. Considering the migratory nature of this species, longevity and feeding ecology, this species represents the perfect candidate to act as early warning bioindicator of regional contamination. In this context, non-lethal subcutaneous biopsies could allow the early detection of any temporal variation in the bioaccumulation of pollutants in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boldrocchi
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy.
| | - D Spanu
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy
| | - S Polesello
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Brugherio, Italy
| | - S Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Brugherio, Italy
| | - F Garibaldi
- Department for Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Lanteri
- Department for Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Ferrario
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Brugherio, Italy
| | - D Monticelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy
| | - R Bettinetti
- Department of Human Sciences, Innovation and Territory, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, Como, Italy
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Todenhöfer T, Piulats J, Ferrario C, Linch M, Stoeckle M, Laguerre B, Arranz J, Fong P, Berry W, Emmenegger U, Mourey L, Mar N, Appleman L, Joshua A, Conter H, Li X, Schloss C, Poehlein C, De Bono J, Yu E. KEYNOTE-365 cohort D: Pembrolizumab (pembro) plus abiraterone acetate (abi) and prednisone in chemotherapy (chemo)–naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00608-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ferrario C, Ben Khadra Y, Sugni M, Candia Carnevali MD, Martinez P, Bonasoro F. Studying Echinodermata Arm Explant Regeneration Using Echinaster sepositus. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2450:263-291. [PMID: 35359313 PMCID: PMC9761906 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2172-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Echinoderms are marine invertebrate deuterostomes known for their amazing regenerative abilities throughout all life stages. Though some species can undergo whole-body regeneration (WBR), others exhibit more restricted regenerative capabilities. Asteroidea (starfish) comprise one of the few echinoderm taxa capable of undergoing WBR. Indeed, some starfish species can restore all tissues and organs not only during larval stages, but also from arm fragments as adults. Arm explants have been used to study cells, tissues and genes involved in starfish regeneration. Here, we describe methods for obtaining and studying regeneration of arm explants in starfish, in particular animal collection and husbandry, preparation of arm explants, regeneration tests, microscopic anatomy techniques (including transmission electron microscopy, TEM) used to analyze the regenerating explant tissues and cells plus a downstream RNA extraction protocol needed for subsequent molecular investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Physics, Center for Complexity and Biosystem, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Yousra Ben Khadra
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity, and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Physics, Center for Complexity and Biosystem, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- GAIA 2050, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Daniela Candia Carnevali
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Celletti C, Ferrazzano G, Belvisi D, Ferrario C, Tarabini M, Baione V, Fabbrini G, Conte A, Galli M, Camerota F. Instrumental Timed Up and Go test discloses abnormalities in patients with Cervical Dystonia. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2021; 90:105493. [PMID: 34715549 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2021.105493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Cervical dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary and sustained contraction of the neck muscles that determines abnormal posture. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dystonic posture in patients with cervical dystonia affects walking and causes postural changes. Methods Patients with cervical dystonia and a group of age-matched healthy controls underwent an instrumental evaluation of the Timed Up and Go Test. Findings All the spatio-temporal parameters of the sub-phases of the Timed up and go test had a significantly higher duration in cervical dystonia patients compared to the control group while no differences in flection and extension angular amplitudes were observed. Indeed, we found that Cervical Dystonia patients had abnormalities in turning, as well as in standing-up and sitting-down from a chair during the Timed up and go test than healthy controls. Interpretation Impairment in postural control in cervical dystonia patients during walking and postural changes prompts to develop rehabilitation strategies to improve postural stability and reduce the risk of fall in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Celletti
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Division, Umberto I University Hospital of Rome, Italy.
| | - G Ferrazzano
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy
| | - D Belvisi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - C Ferrario
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20124 Milan, Italy; DEIB, Dept of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - M Tarabini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - V Baione
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Fabbrini
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - A Conte
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - M Galli
- DEIB, Dept of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
| | - F Camerota
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Division, Umberto I University Hospital of Rome, Italy
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Melotti L, Martinello T, Perazzi A, Iacopetti I, Ferrario C, Sugni M, Sacchetto R, Patruno M. A Prototype Skin Substitute, Made of Recycled Marine Collagen, Improves the Skin Regeneration of Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051219. [PMID: 33922557 PMCID: PMC8145883 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Marine ecosystems are a huge source of unexplored “blue” materials for different applications. The edible part of sea urchin is limited, and the vast majority of the product ends up as waste. Our studies intend to fully recycle wastes from the food industry and reconvert them in high added-value products, as innovative biocompatible skin substitutes for tissue regeneration. The aim of the present work is to apply the pioneering skin substitute in in vivo experimental wounds to test its regenerative potential and compare it, in a future study, to the available commercial membranes produced with collagen of bovine, porcine, and equine origin. Results are encouraging since the skin substitute made with marine collagen reduced inflammation, promoted the deposition of granulation tissue, and enhanced a proper re-epithelialization with the adequate development of skin appendages. In summary, our findings might be of great interest for processing industries and biotech companies which transform waste materials in high-valuable and innovative products for Veterinary advanced applications. Abstract Skin wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that aims to restore lesioned tissues. Collagen-based skin substitutes are a promising treatment to promote wound healing by mimicking the native skin structure. Recently, collagen from marine organisms has gained interest as a source for producing biomaterials for skin regenerative strategies. This preliminary study aimed to describe the application of a collagen-based skin-like scaffold (CBSS), manufactured with collagen extracted from sea urchin food waste, to treat experimental skin wounds in a large animal. The wound-healing process was assessed over different time points by the means of clinical, histopathological, and molecular analysis. The CBSS treatment improved wound re-epithelialization along with cell proliferation, gene expression of growth factors (VEGF-A), and development of skin adnexa throughout the healing process. Furthermore, it regulated the gene expression of collagen type I and III, thus enhancing the maturation of the granulation tissue into a mature dermis without any signs of scarring as observed in untreated wounds. The observed results (reduced inflammation, better re-epithelialization, proper development of mature dermis and skin adnexa) suggest that sea urchin-derived CBSS is a promising biomaterial for skin wound healing in a “blue biotechnologies” perspective for animals of Veterinary interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Melotti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Tiziana Martinello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, SP. Casamassima Km.3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence: (I.I.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.I.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Roberta Sacchetto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.I.); (M.S.); (M.P.)
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Fassini D, Wilkie IC, Pozzolini M, Ferrario C, Sugni M, Rocha MS, Giovine M, Bonasoro F, Silva TH, Reis RL. Diverse and Productive Source of Biopolymer Inspiration: Marine Collagens. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1815-1834. [PMID: 33835787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Marine biodiversity is expressed through the huge variety of vertebrate and invertebrate species inhabiting intertidal to deep-sea environments. The extraordinary variety of "forms and functions" exhibited by marine animals suggests they are a promising source of bioactive molecules and provides potential inspiration for different biomimetic approaches. This diversity is familiar to biologists and has led to intensive investigation of metabolites, polysaccharides, and other compounds. However, marine collagens are less well-known. This review will provide detailed insight into the diversity of collagens present in marine species in terms of their genetics, structure, properties, and physiology. In the last part of the review the focus will be on the most common marine collagen sources and on the latest advances in the development of innovative materials exploiting, or inspired by, marine collagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Fassini
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iain C Wilkie
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Marina Pozzolini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Miguel S Rocha
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marco Giovine
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Via Pastore 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Tiago H Silva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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15
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Annala M, Fu S, Bacon JVW, Sipola J, Iqbal N, Ferrario C, Ong M, Wadhwa D, Hotte SJ, Lo G, Tran B, Wood LA, Gingerich JR, North SA, Pezaro CJ, Ruether JD, Sridhar SS, Kallio HML, Khalaf DJ, Wong A, Beja K, Schönlau E, Taavitsainen S, Nykter M, Vandekerkhove G, Azad AA, Wyatt AW, Chi KN. Cabazitaxel versus abiraterone or enzalutamide in poor prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase II trial. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:896-905. [PMID: 33836265 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of poor prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) includes taxane chemotherapy and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI). We sought to determine optimal treatment in this setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS This multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase II trial recruited patients with ARPI-naive mCRPC and poor prognosis features (presence of liver metastases, progression to mCRPC after <12 months of androgen deprivation therapy, or ≥4 of 6 clinical criteria). Patients were randomly assigned 1 : 1 to receive cabazitaxel plus prednisone (group A) or physician's choice of enzalutamide or abiraterone plus prednisone (group B) at standard doses. Patients could cross over at progression. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit rate for first-line treatment (defined as prostate-specific antigen response ≥50%, radiographic response, or stable disease ≥12 weeks). RESULTS Ninety-five patients were accrued (median follow-up 21.9 months). First-line clinical benefit rate was greater in group A versus group B (80% versus 62%, P = 0.039). Overall survival was not different between groups A and B (median 37.0 versus 15.5 months, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.58, P = 0.073) nor was time to progression (median 5.3 versus 2.8 months, HR = 0.87, P = 0.52). The most common first-line treatment-related grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (cabazitaxel 32% versus ARPI 0%), diarrhoea (9% versus 0%), infection (9% versus 0%), and fatigue (7% versus 5%). Baseline circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) fraction above the cohort median and on-treatment ctDNA increase were associated with shorter time to progression (HR = 2.38, P < 0.001; HR = 4.03, P < 0.001). Patients with >30% ctDNA fraction at baseline had markedly shorter overall survival than those with undetectable ctDNA (HR = 38.22, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Cabazitaxel was associated with a higher clinical benefit rate in patients with ARPI-naive poor prognosis mCRPC. ctDNA abundance was prognostic independent of clinical features, and holds promise as a stratification biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Annala
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada; Oncology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J V W Bacon
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Sipola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - N Iqbal
- Medical Oncology, Saskatoon Cancer Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - C Ferrario
- Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Ong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - D Wadhwa
- BC Cancer - Kelowna Centre, Kelowna, Canada
| | - S J Hotte
- Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Canada
| | - G Lo
- Department of Medical Oncology, R. S. McLaughlin Durham Regional Cancer Centre, Lakeridge Health, Oshawa, Canada
| | - B Tran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L A Wood
- QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
| | - J R Gingerich
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - S A North
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - C J Pezaro
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Australia; Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Australia
| | | | - S S Sridhar
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - H M L Kallio
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - D J Khalaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - K Beja
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - E Schönlau
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Taavitsainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Nykter
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere, Finland
| | - G Vandekerkhove
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A A Azad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A W Wyatt
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - K N Chi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada.
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16
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Andrade C, Oliveira B, Guatelli S, Martinez P, Simões B, Bispo C, Ferrario C, Bonasoro F, Rino J, Sugni M, Gardner R, Zilhão R, Coelho AV. Characterization of Coelomic Fluid Cell Types in the Starfish Marthasterias glacialis Using a Flow Cytometry/Imaging Combined Approach. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641664. [PMID: 33815394 PMCID: PMC8013778 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coelomocytes is the generic name for a collection of cellular morphotypes, present in many coelomate animals, and highly variable among echinoderm classes. The roles attributed to the major types of these free circulating cells present in the coelomic fluid of echinoderms include immune response, phagocytic digestion and clotting. Our main aim in this study was to characterize coelomocytes found in the coelomic fluid of Marthasterias glacialis (class Asteroidea) by using a combination of flow cytometry (FC), imaging flow cytometry (IFC) and fluorescence plus transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two coelomocyte populations (P1 and P2) identified through flow cytometry were subsequently studied in terms of abundance, morphology, ultrastructure, cell viability and cell cycle profiles. Ultrastructurally, P2 diploid cells were present as two main morphotypes, similar to phagocytes and vertebrate thrombocytes, whereas the smaller P1 cellular population was characterized by low mitotic activity, a relatively undifferentiated cytotype and a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio. In the present study we could not rule out possible similarities between haploid P1 cells and stem-cell types in other animals. Additionally, we report the presence of two other morphotypes in P2 that could only be detected by fluorescence microscopy, as well as a morphotype revealed via combined microscopy/FC. This integrative experimental workflow combined cells physical separation with different microscopic image capture technologies, enabling us to better tackle the characterization of the heterogeneous composition of coelomocytes populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claúdia Andrade
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Medicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Flow Cytometry SRL, Instituto Gulbenkian Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Silvia Guatelli
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA (Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avancats), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Simões
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Claúdia Bispo
- Flow Cytometry SRL, Instituto Gulbenkian Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - José Rino
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michela Sugni
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rui Gardner
- Flow Cytometry SRL, Instituto Gulbenkian Ciencia, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rita Zilhão
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Varela Coelho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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17
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Piovani L, Czarkwiani A, Ferrario C, Sugni M, Oliveri P. Ultrastructural and molecular analysis of the origin and differentiation of cells mediating brittle star skeletal regeneration. BMC Biol 2021; 19:9. [PMID: 33461552 PMCID: PMC7814545 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regeneration is the ability to re-grow body parts or tissues after trauma, and it is widespread across metazoans. Cells involved in regeneration can arise from a pool of undifferentiated proliferative cells or be recruited from pre-existing differentiated tissues. Both mechanisms have been described in different phyla; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms employed by different animals to restore lost tissues as well as the source of cells involved in regeneration remain largely unknown. Echinoderms are a clade of deuterostome invertebrates that show striking larval and adult regenerative abilities in all extant classes. Here, we use the brittle star Amphiura filiformis to investigate the origin and differentiation of cells involved in skeletal regeneration using a combination of microscopy techniques and molecular markers. RESULTS Our ultrastructural analyses at different regenerative stages identify a population of morphologically undifferentiated cells which appear in close contact with the proliferating epithelium of the regenerating aboral coelomic cavity. These cells express skeletogenic marker genes, such as the transcription factor alx1 and the differentiation genes c-lectin and msp130L, and display a gradient of morphological differentiation from the aboral coelomic cavity towards the epidermis. Cells closer to the epidermis, which are in contact with developing spicules, have the morphology of mature skeletal cells (sclerocytes), and express several skeletogenic transcription factors and differentiation genes. Moreover, as regeneration progresses, sclerocytes show a different combinatorial expression of genes in various skeletal elements. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that sclerocyte precursors originate from the epithelium of the proliferating aboral coelomic cavity. As these cells migrate towards the epidermis, they differentiate and start secreting spicules. Moreover, our study shows that molecular and cellular processes involved in skeletal regeneration resemble those used during skeletal development, hinting at a possible conservation of developmental programmes during adult regeneration. Finally, we highlight that many genes involved in echinoderm skeletogenesis also play a role in vertebrate skeleton formation, suggesting a possible common origin of the deuterostome endoskeleton pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piovani
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Origins and Evolution, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Czarkwiani
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Present Address: DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Technische Universität Dresden (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Oliveri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
- Center for Life Origins and Evolution, University College London, London, UK.
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18
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Parolini M, Ferrario C, De Felice B, Gazzotti S, Bonasoro F, Candia Carnevali MD, Ortenzi MA, Sugni M. Interactive effects between sinking polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics deriving from water bottles and a benthic grazer. J Hazard Mater 2020; 398:122848. [PMID: 32474317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The information concerning the toxicity of sinking microplastics (MPs) on benthic marine animals, particularly benthic grazers, is still scant. No study focused on biological weathering of sinked MPs operated by benthic organisms. This study aims at investigating the ingestion and the effects induced by 7-days dietary exposure to environmentally relevant amount (8, 80 and 800 particles/g of food) of irregular shaped and sized (diameter 12.6-1,065 μm; mean diameter 316 ± 12 μm) polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) on a common marine benthic grazer, the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Adverse effects were investigated on digestive tract at biochemical (oxidative stress biomarkers) and tissue level (histopathological analyses). Potential alteration of MP structure/surface and PET macromolecules due to the ingestion of PET-MPs within the sea urchin digestive tract were investigated. Results showed that PET-MPs were efficiently egested by sea urchins without producing histological alterations on digestive tract tissues, only inducing a slight modulation of oxidative status. Sea urchin grazing activity and the related transit of PET-MPs within animal digestive tract slightly affected MP structure and PET composition. These findings suggest that PET-MPs might represent an hazard for benthic grazer organisms, which can partially contribute to the degradation of PET in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Parolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice De Felice
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Gazzotti
- Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy; GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Daniela Candia Carnevali
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy; GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, I-20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy; GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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19
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Saji S, Mittendorf E, Harbeck N, Zhang H, Barrios C, Hegg R, Koehler A, Sohn J, Iwata H, Telli M, Ferrario C, Punie K, Llorca FP, Patel S, Duc AN, Hermoso ML, Maiya V, Molinero L, Chui S, Jung K. 3MO IMpassion031: Results from a phase III study of neoadjuvant (neoadj) atezolizumab + chemo in early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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20
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Ferrario C, Sugni M, Somorjai IML, Ballarin L. Beyond Adult Stem Cells: Dedifferentiation as a Unifying Mechanism Underlying Regeneration in Invertebrate Deuterostomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:587320. [PMID: 33195242 PMCID: PMC7606891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.587320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of regenerative phenomena seen in adult metazoans, as well as their underlying mechanistic bases, are still far from being comprehensively understood. Reviewing both ultrastructural and molecular data, the present work aims to showcase the increasing relevance of invertebrate deuterostomes, i.e., echinoderms, hemichordates, cephalochordates and tunicates, as invaluable models to study cellular aspects of adult regeneration. Our comparative approach suggests a fundamental contribution of local dedifferentiation -rather than mobilization of resident undifferentiated stem cells- as an important cellular mechanism contributing to regeneration in these groups. Thus, elucidating the cellular origins, recruitment and fate of cells, as well as the molecular signals underpinning tissue regrowth in regeneration-competent deuterostomes, will provide the foundation for future research in tackling the relatively limited regenerative abilities of vertebrates, with clear applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ildiko M. L. Somorjai
- The Willie Russel Laboratories, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, North Haugh, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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21
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Califaretti N, Ferrario C, Warner E, Joy A, Chia S, Wu J, Zarate J, Menon-Singh L, Leite R, Haftchenary S, Perri S, Dent S. 317P Updated results from the Canadian sub-population of the phase IIIb CompLEEment-1 ribociclib + letrozole HR+ HER2- advanced breast cancer trial. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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22
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Doyle C, Vandenberg T, Ferrario C, Califaretti N, Iqbal N, Kulkarni S, Mates M, Hilton J, Bouganim N, Henning JW, Haftchenary S, Perri S, Chia S. 326P Exploratory analysis of TreatER+ight: A Canadian prospective real-world observational study in HR+ advanced breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Mueller V, Paplomata E, Hamilton E, Zelnak A, Fehrenbacher L, Jakobsen E, Curtit E, Boyle F, Brix E, Brenner A, Ferrario C, Munoz-Mateu M, Arkenau T, Gelmon K, Cameron D, Curigliano G, DeBusk K, Ramos J, An X, Wardley A. 275O Impact of tucatinib on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with and without brain metastases (BM). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Ferrario C, Czarkwiani A, Dylus DV, Piovani L, Candia Carnevali MD, Sugni M, Oliveri P. Extracellular matrix gene expression during arm regeneration in Amphiura filiformis. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:411-426. [PMID: 32350640 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a dynamic role during tissue development and re-growth. Body part regeneration efficiency relies also on effective ECM remodelling and deposition. Among invertebrates, echinoderms are well known for their striking regenerative abilities since they can rapidly regenerate functioning complex structures. To gather insights on the involvement of ECM during arm regeneration, the brittle star Amphiura filiformis was chosen as experimental model. Eight ECM genes were identified and cloned, and their spatio-temporal and quantitative expression patterns were analysed by means of whole mount in situ hybridisation and quantitative PCR on early and advanced regenerative stages. Our results show that almost none of the selected ECM genes are expressed at early stages of regeneration, suggesting a delay in their activation that may be responsible for the high regeneration efficiency of these animals, as described for other echinoderms and in contrast to most vertebrates. Moreover, at advanced stages, these genes are spatially and temporally differentially expressed, suggesting that the molecular regulation of ECM deposition/remodelling varies throughout the regenerative process. Phylogenetic analyses of the identified collagen-like genes reveal complex evolutionary dynamics with many rounds of duplications and losses and pinpointed their homologues in selected vertebrates. The study of other ECM genes will allow a better understanding of ECM contribution to brittle star arm regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Czarkwiani
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,, UK
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Viktor Dylus
- Department of Computational Biology, University Lausanne, Genopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Genopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Piovani
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,, UK
| | - Maria Daniela Candia Carnevali
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
- GAIA 2050 Center, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria, 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Oliveri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,, UK.
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Oh DY, Hamilton E, Hanna D, Beeram M, Lee KW, Kang YK, Chaves J, Lee JY, Goodwin R, Vaklavas C, Rha SY, Elimova E, Mayordomo J, Ferrario C, Cobleigh M, Fortenberry A, Rowse G, Gray T, Lai R, Meric Bernstam F. Safety, anti-tumour activity, and biomarker results of the HER2-targeted bispecific antibody ZW25 in HER2-expressing solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ferrario C, Warner E, Califaretti N, Joy A, Chia S, Wu J, Zarate J, Lakshmi M, Perri S, Haftchenary S, Dent S. First Canadian interim analysis from the phase IIIb CompLEEment-1 ribociclib + letrozole HR+ HER2- advanced breast cancer trial. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz242.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Meric-Bernstam F, Hanna D, Beeram M, Lee KW, Kang YK, Chaves J, Lee J, Goodwin R, Vaklavas C, Oh DY, Rha S, Elimova E, Mayordomo J, Ferrario C, Cobleigh M, Fortenberry A, Rowse G, Gray T, Lai R, Hamilton E. Safety, anti-tumour activity, and biomarker results of the HER2-targeted bispecific antibody ZW25 in HER2-expressing solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chi K, Taavitsainen S, Iqbal N, Ferrario C, Ong M, Wadhwa D, Hotte S, Lo G, Tran B, Azad A, Wood L, Gingerich J, North S, Pezaro C, Ruether D, Sridhar S, Annala M, Bacon J, Wyatt A. A randomized phase II study of cabazitaxel (CAB) vs (ABI) abiraterone or (ENZ) enzalutamide in poor prognosis metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy284.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chia S, Doyle C, Iqbal N, Dent S, Ferrario C, Perri S, Califaretti N. Real World Treatment Sequencing Outcomes of Endocrine-Based Targeted Combination Therapies in HR+ HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wong SM, Boileau JF, Martel K, Ferrario C, Basik M. Abstract P6-08-08: Age-Related differences in clinicopathologic features and survival amongst women with triple negative breast cancer: A population-based study. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-08-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Women with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) have a tendency to present at younger ages and with more advanced disease. We sought to comprehensively evaluate the characteristic features, surgical management, and survival outcomes of a large, population-based cohort of patients with TNBC according to age at diagnosis.
METHODS: We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify women aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of TNBC between 2010-2014. Clinicopathologic and treatment level variables were compared amongst TNBC patients according to age at the time of TNBC diagnosis. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox PH Regression was then used to examine short-term breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) outcomes.
RESULTS: Between 2010-2014, 214,138 women were diagnosed with breast cancer, of which 23,614 (11.13%) had TNBC. The median age at TNBC diagnosis was 57.7 years. Younger TNBC patients were more likely to be of African American (<40 years, 20.1% vs. ≥70 years, 15.5%; p<0.001) or Hispanic race (<40 years, 21.9% vs. ≥70 years, 7.0%; p<0.001), diagnosed with larger tumors (T2-T3; <40 years, 70.2%; 40-49 years, 61.7%; 50-59 years, 55%; 60-69 years, 48.1%; ≥70 years, 49.5%; p<0.001) and present with lymph node positive disease (<40 years, 36.7%; 40-49 years, 34.8%; 50-59 years, 32.5%; 60-69 years, 27.5%; ≥70 years, 27.9%; p<0.001). With respect to local therapy, younger women also had a greater tendency to undergo bilateral mastectomy (<40 years, 34.3%; 40-49 years, 23.1%; 50-59 years, 13.4%; 60-69 years, 8.4%; ≥70 years, 3.3%; p<0.001). The estimated one and four-year BCSS for the entire cohort was 94.4% and 79.7%, respectively, with the youngest women <40 years and older women ≥70 years demonstrating the poorest unadjusted BCSS at four years (<40 years, 76.95%; 40-49 years, 82.1%; 50-59 years 80.9%; 60-69 years 81.7%; ≥70 years, 78.6%; log rank p<0.001). In Cox PH analysis adjusting for race, stage, pathologic features, and local therapy, age greater than 70 years remained significantly associated with worse cancer-specific survival (HR1.60, 95% CI 1.39-1.84).
CONCLUSION: In the population studied, more than 40% of very young women with TNBC are of African American or Hispanic race. When compared to older ages, younger women with TNBC are more likely to receive bilateral mastectomy and have more advanced stage at presentation. Women at both age extremes (≥70 years and <40 years at diagnosis) demonstrate worse cancer-specific survival outcomes. In older women, this may be due to undertreatment, and in younger women, to delays in diagnosis and/or worse tumor biology. Further studies are needed to evaluate age-related discrepancies in local and systemic therapy and cancer-specific survival in TNBC.
Citation Format: Wong SM, Boileau J-F, Martel K, Ferrario C, Basik M. Age-Related differences in clinicopathologic features and survival amongst women with triple negative breast cancer: A population-based study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-08-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- SM Wong
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J-F Boileau
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K Martel
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Ferrario
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Basik
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Dent S, Califaretti N, Doyle C, Ferrario C, Chouinard E, Kulkarni S, Roy JA, Perri SR, Chia S. Abstract P3-15-02: Treat ER+ight Canadian prospective observational study in HR+ advanced breast cancer: 2nd interim analysis. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-15-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Treat ER+ight is the 1st prospective observational study in Canadian postmenopausal women with HR+ HER2– advanced breast cancer currently receiving endocrine therapy (ET) alone or in combination with targeted therapy (TT) (NCT02753686).
Methods: This pre-planned interim analysis describes baseline characteristics, treatment sequence, monitoring patterns, patient-reported quality-of-life (QoL) and resource utilization of patients enrolled in ET and ET+TT cohorts within the 1st 3 months of therapy. At data cut-off (13Mar'17), 100 patients were enrolled from 24 sites since Mar'16.
Results:
Baseline Patient and Disease Characteristics ET (n=42)ET + TT (n=58)Median age, years (range)70 (37-88)63 (39-80)ECOG 0-1, (%)6072Median time since primary BC diagnosis, years (range)4.5 (0-37)5 (0-25)Median time with advanced BC diagnosis, years (range)1 (0-16)1 (0-7)Sites of metastases (%) Bone only3829Visceral only3338Bone + visceral2924Last prior line of therapy included but not limited to (%) Letrozole4131Anastrozole1219Tamoxifen1214Exemestane122Palbociclib+Fulvestrant07Line (L) of metastatic therapy (%) 1L19222L38433L4335
Enrollment therapy (%): everolimus+exemestane (35), fulvestrant (15), palbociclib + letrozole (15), tamoxifen (14), exemestane (7), palbociclib+fulvestrant (7), letrozole (4) and palbociclib+exemestane (1). Follow-up visits with physician after therapy initiation ET, ET+TT (%): week 2 (5, 47), month 1 (71, 67), month 3 (43, 31). Numerical differences were observed in EORTC QLQ C30 and BR23 global health status/QoL, functional and symptom scale scores between ET and ET+TT cohorts. Mean changes in transformed scores from baseline to month 3 were generally similar between cohorts however 'therapy side effects' symptom item worsened in ET+TT cohort (P = 0.031, Wilcoxon rank sum). Resource utilization in between scheduled visits during 1st 3 months of therapy was similar between cohorts for physician/radiology, hospitalizations and ER visits however patient calls to supportive care nurse was increased in ET+TT cohort (P = 0.008, Fisher's exact). Treatment discontinuation rate (20%) was similar between cohorts with progression as predominant reason for initiating next therapy. Chemotherapy (CT) was the most frequent subsequent therapy and represented 1st line metastatic CT for majority of patients.
Conclusions:
ET+TT patients were younger, had better ECOG, more visceral disease and 60% received everolimus+exemestane with <10% receiving prior CDK4/6 therapy. Half of patients in ET+TT cohort returned for a follow-up visit with oncologist within 2 weeks of therapy initiation (compared to minority in ET cohort) and called the supportive care nurse in between scheduled visits. Patient-reported QoL within 1st 3 months of therapy was generally similar between cohorts. Therapy-related AEs impacted the patient-reported experience in ET+TT cohort however AEs did not lead to therapy discontinuation in over 85% of cases. These results highlight the importance of: (1) proactive AE patient education/management upon ET+TT initiation and at subsequent follow-up visits, (2) week 2 visit and (3) additional nursing telephone support in between visits.
Citation Format: Dent S, Califaretti N, Doyle C, Ferrario C, Chouinard E, Kulkarni S, Roy J-A, Perri SR, Chia S. Treat ER+ight Canadian prospective observational study in HR+ advanced breast cancer: 2nd interim analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-15-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dent
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N Califaretti
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Doyle
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Ferrario
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Chouinard
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Kulkarni
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J-A Roy
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - SR Perri
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Chia
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON, Canada; Deschênes-Fabia Breast Cancer Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada; Segal Cancer Center - Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cambridge Memorial Hospital, Cambridge, ON; Windsor Regional Cancer Center, Windsor, ON, Canada; Hopital Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, QC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Cavallone L, Adriana AM, Aldamry M, Lafleur J, Cathy L, Alirezaie N, Bareke E, Majewski J, Ferrario C, Mihalciou C, Roy JA, Markus E, Robidoux A, Pelmus M, Aleynikova O, Discepola F, Basik M. Abstract P2-02-02: Dynamics of ctDNA changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-02-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Liquid biopsies to monitor response to treatment are a minimally invasive and highly attractive method for clinical application. Detection of ctDNA in plasma is now highly sensitive thanks to the use of novel highly sensitive and specific techniques such as ddPCR. In the present study we set out to analyze the utility of using ctDNA to monitor response to treatment in patients receiving standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer.
Methods:
Serial blood was collected from triple negative breast cancer patients participating in the Q-CROC-03 clinical trial (NCT01276899). The trial recruited triple negative breast cancer patients undergoing standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Paired biopsies were collected prior and at the end of treatment and serial bloods collected throughout the study. Whole exome sequencing was performed on tissues collected and we identified mutated genes of interest. Cell free DNA (cfDNA) was extracted from 3 ml of plasma and 4-10 variants per patient were analyzed by ddPCR in serial plasma samples collected before and during treatment. Response was measured by evaluating residual cancer burden (RCB), and non-responders were RCBII-III, responders RCB0-I.
Results:
For the present analysis, we identified 60 variants in tumors from 12 patients (9 RCBII-III and 3 RCB0-I). Except for TP53, none of the genes were shared among the tumors. 20% of the variants were not detected in ctDNA at any time point and we did not find any correlation between cfDNA levels and tumor size or response to treatment. The average variant allele frequency (VAF) of all detected variants at baseline was higher in RCBII-III patients than in RCB0-I patients (7.0 vs 0.7 respectively). Interestingly, variants that were detected either only in the pre-chemo tumor or in the post-chemo tumor were frequently detected throughout neoadjuvant therapy, highlighting the ability of ctDNA to capture tumor heterogeneity. In almost all cases, we observed a dramatic decrease in ctDNA VAF after one cycle of chemotherapy, including 30% to non-detectable levels. By the 5th cycle of chemotherapy 97% of detected variants had decreased (average 95% decrease). This decrease in ctDNA VAF was independent of RCB score. In some RCBII-III cases, ctDNA VAF increased prior to surgery, reflecting residual tumor presence.
Conclusion:
ctDNA could be detected in plasma of all early TNBC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the majority of variants detected in plasma collected at baseline prior to chemotherapy. Once treatment started, the abundance of ctDNA markedly decreased in plasma independently of tumor response. The effect of chemotherapy on levels of ctDNA needs further investigation.
Citation Format: Cavallone L, Adriana A-M, Aldamry M, Lafleur J, Cathy L, Alirezaie N, Bareke E, Majewski J, Ferrario C, Mihalciou C, Roy J-A, Markus E, Robidoux A, Pelmus M, Aleynikova O, Discepola F, Basik M. Dynamics of ctDNA changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-02-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cavallone
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A-M Adriana
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Aldamry
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Lafleur
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - L Cathy
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - N Alirezaie
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - E Bareke
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Majewski
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Ferrario
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Mihalciou
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J-A Roy
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - E Markus
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Robidoux
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Pelmus
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - O Aleynikova
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - F Discepola
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Basik
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Hopital Sacre Coeur, Montreal, QC, Canada; John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital, Chicago, IL; Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lusa L, Cappelletti V, Gariboldi M, Ferrario C, De Cecco L, Reid JF, Toffanin S, Gallus G, McShane LM, Daidone MG, Pierotti MA. Questioning the Utility of Pooling Samples in Microarray Experiments with Cell Lines. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 21:67-73. [PMID: 16847808 DOI: 10.1177/172460080602100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe a microarray experiment using the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line in two different experimental conditions for which the same number of independent pools as the number of individual samples was hybridized on Affymetrix GeneChips. Unexpectedly, when using individual samples, the number of probe sets found to be differentially expressed between treated and untreated cells was about three times greater than that found using pools. These findings indicate that pooling samples in microarray experiments where the biological variability is expected to be small might not be helpful and could even decrease one's ability to identify differentially expressed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lusa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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Ben Khadra Y, Sugni M, Ferrario C, Bonasoro F, Oliveri P, Martinez P, Candia Carnevali MD. Regeneration in Stellate Echinoderms: Crinoidea, Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea. Results Probl Cell Differ 2018; 65:285-320. [PMID: 30083925 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92486-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Reparative regeneration is defined as the replacement of lost adult body parts and is a phenomenon widespread yet highly variable among animals. This raises the question of which key cellular and molecular mechanisms have to be implemented in order to efficiently and correctly replace entire body parts in any animal. To address this question, different studies using an integrated cellular and functional genomic approach to study regeneration in stellate echinoderms (crinoids, asteroids and ophiuroids) had been carried out over the last few years. The phylum Echinodermata is recognized for the striking regeneration potential shown by the members of its different clades. Indeed, stellate echinoderms are considered among the most useful and tractable experimental models for carrying comprehensive studies focused on ecological, developmental and evolutionary aspects. Moreover, most of them are tractable in the laboratory and, thus, should allow us to understand the underlying mechanisms, cellular and molecular, which are involved. Here, a comprehensive analysis of the cellular/histological components of the regenerative process in crinoids, asteroids and ophiuroids is described and compared. However, though this knowledge provided us with some clear insights into the global distribution of cell types at different times, it did not explain us how the recruited cells are specified (and from which precursors) over time and where are they located in the animal. The precise answer to these queries needs the incorporation of molecular approaches, both descriptive and functional. Yet, the molecular studies in stellate echinoderms are still limited to characterization of some gene families and protein factors involved in arm regeneration but, at present, have not shed light on most of the basic mechanisms. In this context, further studies are needed specifically to understand the role of regulatory factors and their spatio-temporal deployment in the growing arms. A focus on developing functional tools over the next few years should be of fundamental importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Ben Khadra
- Laboratoire de Recherche, Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Michela Sugni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
- Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Center for Complexity & Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Oliveri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia I Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA (Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avancats), Barcelona, Spain
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Ferrario C, Ben Khadra Y, Czarkwiani A, Zakrzewski A, Martinez P, Colombo G, Bonasoro F, Candia Carnevali MD, Oliveri P, Sugni M. Fundamental aspects of arm repair phase in two echinoderm models. Dev Biol 2017; 433:297-309. [PMID: 29291979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is a post-embryonic developmental process that ensures complete morphological and functional restoration of lost body parts. The repair phase is a key step for the effectiveness of the subsequent regenerative process: in vertebrates, efficient re-epithelialisation, rapid inflammatory/immune response and post-injury tissue remodelling are fundamental aspects for the success of this phase, their impairment leading to an inhibition or total prevention of regeneration. Among deuterostomes, echinoderms display a unique combination of striking regenerative abilities and diversity of useful experimental models, although still largely unexplored. Therefore, the brittle star Amphiura filiformis and the starfish Echinaster sepositus were here used to comparatively investigate the main repair phase events after injury as well as the presence and expression of immune system and extracellular matrix (i.e. collagen) molecules using both microscopy and molecular tools. Our results showed that emergency reaction and re-epithelialisation are similar in both echinoderm models, being faster and more effective than in mammals. Moreover, in comparison to the latter, both echinoderms showed delayed and less abundant collagen deposition at the wound site (absence of fibrosis). The gene expression patterns of molecules related to the immune response, such as Ese-fib-like (starfishes) and Afi-ficolin (brittle stars), were described for the first time during echinoderm regeneration providing promising starting points to investigate the immune system role in these regeneration models. Overall, the similarities in repair events and timing within the echinoderms and the differences with what has been reported in mammals suggest that effective repair processes in echinoderms play an important role for their subsequent ability to regenerate. Targeted molecular and functional analyses will shed light on the evolution of these abilities in the deuterostomian lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Center for Complexity&Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Yousra Ben Khadra
- Laboratoire de Recherche, Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Anna Czarkwiani
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anne Zakrzewski
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom.
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia I Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA (Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avancats), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Maria Daniela Candia Carnevali
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Paola Oliveri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom.
| | - Michela Sugni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Center for Complexity&Biosystems, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Moulder S, Hamilton E, Ferrario C, Conlin A, Krop I, Chamberlain M, Gray T, Borges V. Progression-free survival (PFS) and site of first progression in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts) with (w) or without (w/o) brain metastases: A pooled analysis of tucatinib phase I studies. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx365.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ferrario C, Leggio L, Leone R, Di Benedetto C, Guidetti L, Coccè V, Ascagni M, Bonasoro F, La Porta CAM, Candia Carnevali MD, Sugni M. Marine-derived collagen biomaterials from echinoderm connective tissues. Mar Environ Res 2017; 128:46-57. [PMID: 27063846 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of marine collagens is a hot topic in the field of tissue engineering. Echinoderms possess unique connective tissues (Mutable Collagenous Tissues, MCTs) which can represent an innovative source of collagen to develop collagen barrier-membranes for Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR). In the present work we used MCTs from different echinoderm models (sea urchin, starfish and sea cucumber) to produce echinoderm-derived collagen membranes (EDCMs). Commercial membranes for GTR or soluble/reassembled (fibrillar) bovine collagen substrates were used as controls. The three EDCMs were similar among each other in terms of structure and mechanical performances and were much thinner and mechanically more resistant than the commercial membranes. Number of fibroblasts seeded on sea-urchin membranes were comparable to the bovine collagen substrates. Cell morphology on all EDCMs was similar to that of structurally comparable (reassembled) bovine collagen substrates. Overall, echinoderms, and sea urchins particularly, are alternative collagen sources to produce efficient GTR membranes. Sea urchins display a further advantage in terms of eco-sustainability by recycling tissues from food wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Livio Leggio
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberta Leone
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Di Benedetto
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Luca Guidetti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina Coccè
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Maxillofacial and Dental Unit, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Commenda, 10, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Miriam Ascagni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bonasoro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Caterina A M La Porta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Center for Complexity and Biosystems, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Ovaska M, Bertalan Z, Miksic A, Sugni M, Di Benedetto C, Ferrario C, Leggio L, Guidetti L, Alava MJ, La Porta CA, Zapperi S. Deformation and fracture of echinoderm collagen networks. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 65:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Milani C, Ferrario C, Turroni F, Duranti S, Mangifesta M, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. The human gut microbiota and its interactive connections to diet. J Hum Nutr Diet 2016; 29:539-46. [PMID: 27161433 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in human health. In addition to their metabolic interactions with dietary constituents, gut bacteria may also be involved in more complex host interactions, such as modulation of the immune system. Furthermore, the composition of the gut microbiota may be important in reducing the risk of contracting particular gut infections. Changes in the microbiota during an individual's lifespan are accompanied by modifications in multiple health parameters, and such observations have prompted intense scientific efforts aiming to understand the complex interactions between the microbiota and its human host, as well as how this may be influenced by diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Ferrario
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Duranti
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - D van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - M Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Flores-Monroy J, Martinez-Aguilar L, Ferrario C, Valencia-Hernandez I. PM097 Effects of a Novel Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor After Myocardial Infarction. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Czarkwiani A, Ferrario C, Dylus DV, Sugni M, Oliveri P. Skeletal regeneration in the brittle star Amphiura filiformis. Front Zool 2016; 13:18. [PMID: 27110269 PMCID: PMC4841056 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brittle stars regenerate their whole arms post-amputation. Amphiura filiformis can now be used for molecular characterization of arm regeneration due to the availability of transcriptomic data. Previous work showed that specific developmental transcription factors known to take part in echinoderm skeletogenesis are expressed during adult arm regeneration in A. filiformis; however, the process of skeleton formation remained poorly understood. Here, we present the results of an in-depth microscopic analysis of skeletal morphogenesis during regeneration, using calcein staining, EdU labeling and in situ hybridization. Results To better compare different samples, we propose a staging system for the early A. filiformis arm regeneration stages based on morphological landmarks identifiable in living animals and supported by histological analysis. We show that the calcified spicules forming the endoskeleton first appear very early during regeneration in the dermal layer of regenerates. These spicules then mature into complex skeletal elements of the differentiated arm during late regeneration. The mesenchymal cells in the dermal area express the skeletal marker genes Afi-c-lectin, Afi-p58b and Afi-p19; however, EdU labeling shows that these dermal cells do not proliferate. Conclusions A. filiformis arms regenerate through a consistent set of developmental stages using a distalization-intercalation mode, despite variability in regeneration rate. Skeletal elements form in a mesenchymal cell layer that does not proliferate and thus must be supplied from a different source. Our work provides the basis for future cellular and molecular studies of skeleton regeneration in brittle stars. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0149-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czarkwiani
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David Viktor Dylus
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK ; Centre for Mathematics, Physics and Engineering in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology, University College London, London, UK ; Present address: Department of Ecology and Evolution & Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Oliveri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK ; Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Room 426, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Melisko M, Yardley DA, Blackwell K, Forero A, Ma C, Montero A, Daniel BR, Wright G, Fehrenbacher L, Chew H, Ferrario C, Nanda R, Seiler M, Guthrie T, Vance K, Ouellette G, He Y, Bagley RG, Zhang J, Vahdat LT. Abstract OT1-03-15: The METRIC trial: A randomized international study of the antibody-drug conjugate glembatumumab vedotin (GV or CDX-011) in patients with metastatic gpNMB-overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-ot1-03-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glycoprotein NMB (gpNMB) is an internalizable transmembrane protein overexpressed in approximately 20% of breast cancer (BC), including approximately 40% of TNBC. gpNMB is a poor prognostic marker in BC (Rose CCR 2010) and preclinically has been implicated in tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. GV is a novel antibody-drug conjugate targeting the potent cytotoxin monomethylauristatin E (MMAE) to gpNMB overexpressing cancer cells.
In a Phase I/II study and the Phase II "EMERGE" study, GV demonstrated promising activity with TNBC patients (pts) deriving the greatest benefit and exhibiting the highest degree of gpNMB overexpression. GV was well-tolerated with the most frequent treatment-related toxicities consisting of rash, neutropenia, and neuropathy. In subset analyses of the EMERGE trial, objective response rate (ORR) was 30% (7/23) for GV vs. 9% (1/11) for investigator's choice in tumors with gpNMB overexpression (>25% of tumor epithelium); 18% (5/28) vs. 0% (0/11) in TNBC; and 40% (4/10) vs. 0% (0/6) in gpNMB-overexpressing TNBC for GV and IC respectively, with apparent improvements in progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio (HR) = 0.11) and overall survival (OS; HR = 0.14).
Trial design
The METRIC Trial (NCT#01997333) is an international (USA, CA, Aus), two-arm phase II study. Pts are randomized 2:1 to GV (1.88 mg/kg IV q 21 days) or capecitabine, a current standard of care for this population (2,500 mg/m2 daily for d1-14, q21 days) until progression or intolerance. Crossover is not permitted.
Eligibility criteria
Key eligibility criteria include: >25% of tumor epithelium gpNMB+ by central immunohistochemistry (IHC) screening of archival tissue; estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor <10% and HER2 negative [0-1+ IHC, or ISH copy number <4.0/ratio <2.0] by local assessment; ECOG 0-1; taxane resistance; anthracycline exposure (if indicated); <2 chemotherapy regimens for advanced BC; measurable disease; no persistent Grade >2 toxicity.
Specific aims
The primary endpoint is PFS per independent, blinded central review committee according to RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints are ORR, duration of response, OS, safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Exploratory endpoints are quality of life and/or cancer-related pain.
Statistical methods and target accrual
The trial has 85% power to detect a PFS HR of 0.64 with two sided α = 0.05. The hypothesized median PFS is 4.0 months for capecitabine and 6.25 months for GV. Target accrual is open for 300 pts.
Citation Format: Melisko M, Yardley DA, Blackwell K, Forero A, Ma C, Montero A, Daniel BR, Wright G, Fehrenbacher L, Chew H, Ferrario C, Nanda R, Seiler Jr M, Guthrie T, Vance K, Ouellette G, He Y, Bagley RG, Zhang J, Vahdat LT. The METRIC trial: A randomized international study of the antibody-drug conjugate glembatumumab vedotin (GV or CDX-011) in patients with metastatic gpNMB-overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-03-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Melisko
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - DA Yardley
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - K Blackwell
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - A Forero
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - C Ma
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - A Montero
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - BR Daniel
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - G Wright
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - L Fehrenbacher
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - H Chew
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - C Ferrario
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - R Nanda
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - M Seiler
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - T Guthrie
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - K Vance
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - G Ouellette
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Y He
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - RG Bagley
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - J Zhang
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - LT Vahdat
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, PLLC; Duke University Medical Center; University of Alabama; Washington University; Cleveland Clinic; Chattanooga Oncology Hematology Associates; Florida Cancer Specialists; Kaiser Permanente; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center; Segal Cancer Center-Jewish General Hospital; University of Chicago; Crescent City Research Consortium, LLC; Baptist Cancer Institute; Alabama Oncology; Celldex Therapeutics, Inc.; Weill Cornell Medical College
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Ben Khadra Y, Ferrario C, Di Benedetto C, Said K, Bonasoro F, Carnevali MDC, Sugni M. Re-growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation during starfish arm regeneration. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 23:623-34. [PMID: 26111806 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The red starfish Echinaster sepositus is an excellent model for studying arm regeneration processes following traumatic amputation. The initial repair phase was described in a previous paper in terms of the early cicatrisation phenomena, and tissue and cell involvement. In this work, we attempt to provide a further comprehensive description of the later regenerative stages in this species. Here, we present the results of a detailed microscopic and submicroscopic investigation of the long regenerative phase, which can be subdivided into two subphases: early and advanced regenerative phases. The early regenerative phase (1-6 weeks p.a.) is characterized by tissue rearrangement, morphogenetic processes and initial differentiation events (mainly neurogenesis and skeletogenesis). The advanced regenerative phase (after 6 weeks p.a.) is characterized by further differentiation processes (early myogenesis), and obvious morphogenesis and re-growth of the regenerate. As in other starfish, the regenerative process in E. sepositus is relatively slow in comparison with that of crinoids and many ophiuroids, which is usually interpreted as resulting mainly from size-related aspects and of the more conspicuous involvement of morphallactic processes. Light and electron microscopy analyses suggest that some of the amputated structures, such as muscles, are not able to replace their missing parts by directly re-growing them from the remaining tissues, whereas others tissues, such as the skeleton and the radial nerve cord, appear to undergo direct re-growth. The overall process is in agreement with the distalization-intercalation model proposed by Agata and co-workers. Further experiments are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Ben Khadra
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Di Benedetto
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Said
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Ben Khadra Y, Ferrario C, Di Benedetto C, Said K, Bonasoro F, Carnevali MDC, Sugni M. Wound repair during arm regeneration in the red starfish Echinaster sepositus. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 23:611-22. [PMID: 26111373 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Starfish can regenerate entire arms following their loss by both autotomic and traumatic amputation. Although the overall regenerative process has been studied several times in different asteroid species, there is still a considerable gap of knowledge as far as the detailed aspects of the repair phase at tissue and cellular level are concerned, particularly in post-traumatic regeneration. The present work is focused on the arm regeneration model in the Mediterranean red starfish Echinaster sepositus; to describe the early cellular mechanisms of arm regeneration following traumatic amputation, different microscopy techniques were employed. In E. sepositus, the repair phase was characterized by prompt wound healing by a syncytial network of phagocytes and re-epithelialisation followed by a localized subepidermal oedematous area formation. Scattered and apparently undifferentiated cells, intermixed with numerous phagocytes, were frequently found in the wound area during these first stages of regeneration and extensive dedifferentiation phenomena were seen at the level of the stump, particularly in the muscle bundles. A true localized blastema did not form. Our results confirm that regeneration in asteroids mainly relies on morphallactic processes, consisting in extensive rearrangement of the existing tissues which contribute to the new tissues through cell dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, and/or migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Ben Khadra
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Cinzia Ferrario
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Di Benedetto
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Said
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Esfahani K, Ferrario C, Le P, Panasci L. The trastuzumab and vinorelbine combination: an alternative to taxane-based chemotherapy for early-stage and locally advanced her2-positive breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:e723-7. [PMID: 25301539 DOI: 10.3747/co.21.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthracyclines and taxanes have historically constituted the backbone of chemotherapy regimens for patients with breast cancer positive for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2). For a subset of patients who categorically refuse alopecia, or for those with a contraindication to those drugs, there is an urgent need to define alternative regimens. Here, we report our institutional experience with trastuzumab and vinorelbine (tv), a combination with good clinical activity and a good side effect profile for patients with her2-positive breast cancer. METHODS In a retrospective analysis, outcomes data were extracted for patients receiving tv as their only chemotherapy in the non-metastatic setting at the Jewish General Hospital. For the most part, tv was administered weekly for 6 months, followed by trastuzumab for 6 months. RESULTS The analysis identified 46 patients (mean age: 64 years) who received tv between 2003 and 2012 (n = 36 adjuvant, n = 10 neoadjuvant). Of the patients in the adjuvant group, 81% had stage i disease. In the neoadjuvant group, 3 patients experienced a complete pathologic response. Only 1 patient experienced local recurrence after a short course (3 months) of adjuvant tv. Overall survival and breast cancer-specific survival were 94% and 98% respectively at a median 5 years of follow-up. Febrile neutropenia-induced sepsis resulted in the death of 1 patient with significant medical comorbidities; 2 other patients died of comorbidities unrelated to their cancer or treatment. Grades 3 or 4 adverse events included neutropenia (23%), febrile neutropenia (10%), fatigue (2%), and anemia (2%). CONCLUSIONS For patients with non-metastatic breast cancer refusing alopecia, or for patients who are not candidates for standard chemotherapy, tv is a reasonable alternative to standard adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Esfahani
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
| | - C Ferrario
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
| | - P Le
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
| | - L Panasci
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
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Mamo A, Nogueira MC, Batist G, Palumbo M, Panasci L, Ferrario C, Chaudhury P, Metrakos P, Kavan P. A real-life experience using panitumumab in chemo-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis at the Jewish General Hospital, 2009-2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:e107-12. [PMID: 23559877 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody, directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor, that was shown to be effective in third-line metastatic colorectal cancer. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with chemo-refractory non-KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer, who received panitumumab at the Jewish General Hospital in Montreal, Canada, between 2009 and 2012. METHODS This chart review included 44 patients (median age: 60 years; performance status: 0-3), of whom 50% had already received three lines of treatment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (pfs). Secondary endpoints were overall survival and safety. Tumour progression was determined by radiologic assessments performed once every 3 months per clinical guidelines or by clinical deterioration as determined by the clinician-investigator. RESULTS In our sample, median pfs was 21.86 ± 5.23 weeks (95% confidence interval: 12.9 to 36.9 weeks) and overall survival was 35.14 ± 7.75 weeks (95% confidence interval: 25.6 to 73.4 weeks) with a median of 5 cycles of panitumumab treatment. The most frequently reported toxicities with panitumumab were skin toxicity (16.2% grade 3) and hypomagnesemia (10.8% grade 3). No infusion reactions were reported. CONCLUSIONS Despite a small sample size from a single institution, our survival and efficacy data are encouraging and comparable to results obtained from the registration panitumumab trial. Our findings suggest that panitumumab can be effective and tolerable in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mamo
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, and the Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
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Bigatti G, Ferrario C, Rosales M, Baglioni A, Bianchi S. A 4-cm G2 cervical submucosal myoma removed with the IBS® Integrated Bigatti Shaver. Gynecol Surg 2012; 9:453-456. [PMID: 23144643 PMCID: PMC3491200 DOI: 10.1007/s10397-012-0737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Bigatti
- U.O. di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Classificato San Giuseppe Via San Vittore, 12-20123 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Ferrario
- U.O. di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Classificato San Giuseppe Via San Vittore, 12-20123 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Rosales
- U.O. di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Classificato San Giuseppe Via San Vittore, 12-20123 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Baglioni
- U.O. di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Classificato San Giuseppe Via San Vittore, 12-20123 Milan, Italy
| | - S. Bianchi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Direttore dell’ Unità Opertiva di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Classificato San Giuseppe, Via San Vittore, 12-20123 Milan, Italy
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De Giorgi U, Rosti G, Kopf B, Ferrario C, Papiani G, De Vivo R, Gentile A, Fabbri F, Bragagni M, Amadori D. Multi-Cycle High-Dose Chemotherapy with TI-CE Regimen for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Germ Cell Tumors – a Single Institution Experience. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Ferrario C, Ricci G, Borgo F, Fortina MG. Species-specific DNA probe and development of a quantitative PCR assay for the detection of Morganella morganii. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:292-8. [PMID: 22251367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a SYBR Green quantitative PCR assay (qPCR) for the specific detection of Morganella morganii, a fish pathogen responsible for the Histamine Fish Poisoning. METHODS AND RESULTS A new primer set, amplifying a 179-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene, was selected for specificity, and 14 M. morganii strains and 32 non-Morganella strains were evaluated. The melting temperature of 84°C was consistently specific for the amplicon. Two standard curves were constructed: the minimum detection sensitivity was 0·563 pg of pure DNA, corresponding to DNA extracted from nine cells of M. morganii. The qPCR assay was evaluated in experiments with seeded fish samples, and the regression coefficient values were calculated. CONCLUSIONS A highly specific and rapid assay was developed for the detection of M. morganii in tuna fish samples. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This method represents the first study about the quantification of pathogenic M. morganii in fish products. This approach can be utilized to prevent the presence of this undesirable species in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ferrario
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Sezione di Microbiologia Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Bigatti G, Ferrario C, Rosales M, Baglioni A, Bianchi S. IBS® Integrated Bigatti Shaver versus conventional bipolar resectoscopy: a randomised comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10397-011-0701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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