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Azizi M, Mahfoud F, Weber MA, Sharp ASP, Schmieder RE, Lurz P, Lobo MD, Fisher NDL, Daemen J, Bloch MJ, Basile J, Sanghvi K, Saxena M, Gosse P, Jenkins JS, Levy T, Persu A, Kably B, Claude L, Reeve-Stoffer H, McClure C, Kirtane AJ, Mullin C, Thackeray L, Chertow G, Kahan T, Dauerman H, Ullery S, Abbott JD, Loening A, Zagoria R, Costello J, Krathan C, Lewis L, McElvarr A, Reilly J, Cash M, Williams S, Jarvis M, Fong P, Laffer C, Gainer J, Robbins M, Crook S, Maddel S, Hsi D, Martin S, Portnay E, Ducey M, Rose S, DelMastro E, Bangalore S, Williams S, Cabos S, Rodriguez Alvarez C, Todoran T, Powers E, Hodskins E, Paladugu V, Tecklenburg A, Devireddy C, Lea J, Wells B, Fiebach A, Merlin C, Rader F, Dohad S, Kim HM, Rashid M, Abraham J, Owan T, Abraham A, Lavasani I, Neilson H, Calhoun D, McElderry T, Maddox W, Oparil S, Kinder S, Radhakrishnan J, Batres C, Edwards S, Garasic J, Drachman D, Zusman R, Rosenfield K, Do D, Khuddus M, Zentko S, O'Meara J, Barb I, Foster A, Boyette A, Wang Y, Jay D, Skeik N, Schwartz R, Peterson R, Goldman JA, Goldman J, Ledley G, Katof N, Potluri S, Biedermann S, Ward J, White M, Mauri L, Sobieszczky P, Smith A, Aseltine L, Stouffer R, Hinderliter A, Pauley E, Wade T, Zidar D, Shishehbor M, Effron B, Costa M, Semenec T, Roongsritong C, Nelson P, Neumann B, Cohen D, Giri J, Neubauer R, Vo T, Chugh AR, Huang PH, Jose P, Flack J, Fishman R, Jones M, Adams T, Bajzer C, Mathur A, Jain A, Balawon A, Zongo O, Bent C, Beckett D, Lakeman N, Kennard S, D’Souza RJ, Statton S, Wilkes L, Anning C, Sayer J, Iyer SG, Robinson N, Sevillano A, Ocampo M, Gerber R, Faris M, Marshall AJ, Sinclair J, Pepper H, Davies J, Chapman N, Burak P, Carvelli P, Jadhav S, Quinn J, Rump LC, Stegbauer J, Schimmöller L, Potthoff S, Schmid C, Roeder S, Weil J, Hafer L, Agdirlioglu T, Köllner T, Böhm M, Ewen S, Kulenthiran S, Wachter A, Koch C, Fengler K, Rommel KP, Trautmann K, Petzold M, Ott C, Schmid A, Uder M, Heinritz U, Fröhlich-Endres K, Genth-Zotz S, Kämpfner D, Grawe A, Höhne J, Kaesberger B, von zur Mühlen C, Wolf D, Welzel M, Heinrichs G, Trabitzsch B, Cremer A, Trillaud H, Papadopoulos P, Maire F, Gaudissard J, Sapoval M, Livrozet M, Lorthioir A, Amar L, Paquet V, Pathak A, Honton B, Cottin M, Petit F, Lantelme P, Berge C, Courand PY, Langevin F, Delsart P, Longere B, Ledieu G, Pontana F, Sommeville C, Bertrand F, Feyz L, Zeijen V, Ruiter A, Huysken E, Blankestijn P, Voskuil M, Rittersma Z, Dolmans H, Kroon A, van Zwam W, Vranken J, de Haan. C, Renkin J, Maes F, Beauloye C, Lengelé JP, Huyberechts D, Bouvie A, Witkowski A, Januszewicz A, Kądziela J, Prejbisj A, Hering D, Ciecwierz D, Jaguszewski MJ, Owczuk R. Effects of Renal Denervation vs Sham in Resistant Hypertension After Medication Escalation: Prespecified Analysis at 6 Months of the RADIANCE-HTN TRIO Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2022; 7:1244-1252. [PMID: 36350593 PMCID: PMC9647563 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.3904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Importance Although early trials of endovascular renal denervation (RDN) for patients with resistant hypertension (RHTN) reported inconsistent results, ultrasound RDN (uRDN) was found to decrease blood pressure (BP) vs sham at 2 months in patients with RHTN taking stable background medications in the Study of the ReCor Medical Paradise System in Clinical Hypertension (RADIANCE-HTN TRIO) trial. Objectives To report the prespecified analysis of the persistence of the BP effects and safety of uRDN vs sham at 6 months in conjunction with escalating antihypertensive medications. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized, sham-controlled, clinical trial with outcome assessors and patients blinded to treatment assignment, enrolled patients from March 11, 2016, to March 13, 2020. This was an international, multicenter study conducted in the US and Europe. Participants with daytime ambulatory BP of 135/85 mm Hg or higher after 4 weeks of single-pill triple-combination treatment (angiotensin-receptor blocker, calcium channel blocker, and thiazide diuretic) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 40 mL/min/1.73 m2 or greater were randomly assigned to uRDN or sham with medications unchanged through 2 months. From 2 to 5 months, if monthly home BP was 135/85 mm Hg or higher, standardized stepped-care antihypertensive treatment starting with aldosterone antagonists was initiated under blinding to treatment assignment. Interventions uRDN vs sham procedure in conjunction with added medications to target BP control. Main Outcomes and Measures Six-month change in medications, change in daytime ambulatory systolic BP, change in home systolic BP adjusted for baseline BP and medications, and safety. Results A total of 65 of 69 participants in the uRDN group and 64 of 67 participants in the sham group (mean [SD] age, 52.4 [8.3] years; 104 male [80.6%]) with a mean (SD) eGFR of 81.5 (22.8) mL/min/1.73 m2 had 6-month daytime ambulatory BP measurements. Fewer medications were added in the uRDN group (mean [SD], 0.7 [1.0] medications) vs sham (mean [SD], 1.1 [1.1] medications; P = .045) and fewer patients in the uRDN group received aldosterone antagonists at 6 months (26 of 65 [40.0%] vs 39 of 64 [60.9%]; P = .02). Despite less intensive standardized stepped-care antihypertensive treatment, mean (SD) daytime ambulatory BP at 6 months was 138.3 (15.1) mm Hg with uRDN vs 139.0 (14.3) mm Hg with sham (additional decreases of -2.4 [16.6] vs -7.0 [16.7] mm Hg from month 2, respectively), whereas home SBP was lowered to a greater extent with uRDN by 4.3 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.5-8.1 mm Hg; P = .03) in a mixed model adjusting for baseline and number of medications. Adverse events were infrequent and similar between groups. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, in patients with RHTN initially randomly assigned to uRDN or a sham procedure and who had persistent elevation of BP at 2 months after the procedure, standardized stepped-care antihypertensive treatment escalation resulted in similar BP reduction in both groups at 6 months, with fewer additional medications required in the uRDN group. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02649426.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Azizi
- Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France,Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Hypertension Department and DMU CARTE, F-75015 Paris, France,INSERM, CIC1418, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Felix Mahfoud
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
| | - Michael A. Weber
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York
| | - Andrew S. P. Sharp
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff and University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Roland E. Schmieder
- Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Lurz
- Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melvin D. Lobo
- Barts NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joost Daemen
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael J. Bloch
- Department of Medicine, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Vascular Care, Renown Institute of Heart and Vascular Health, Reno
| | - Jan Basile
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston
| | | | - Manish Saxena
- Barts NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Terry Levy
- Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Persu
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Kably
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Department of Pharmacology, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Ajay J. Kirtane
- Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York
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- for the RADIANCE-HTN Investigators
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- for the RADIANCE-HTN Investigators
| | | | - Thu Vo
- for the RADIANCE-HTN Investigators
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Rovers S, Merlin C, Fisher S, Nowak A, Pauwels P, Lardon F, van Meerbeeck J, Smits E, Marcq E. EP07.01-024 Preclinical Investigation of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Beitone C, Bianchi K, Bouges P, Stoica R, Tuyisenge V, Cassagnes L, Chausse F, Clarysse P, Clerfond G, Croisille P, Merlin C, Pousin J, Tilmant C, Vacavant A, Sarry L. Multimodal quantification and validation of 3D regional myocardial function. Ing Rech Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lippuner K, Lamy O, Theiler R, Merlin C, Pendl G, Del PA, Murigande C, Schwenkglenks M. Baseline Patient Characteristics of A Prospective Observational Study to Evaluate the Care Map of Women With Postmenopausal Osteoporosis (Pmo) in Switzerland (Campos). Value Health 2014; 17:A389. [PMID: 27200892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - O Lamy
- Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Theiler
- Triemli Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Merlin
- Rheumatology Practice and Osteoporosis Center, Baden, Switzerland
| | - G Pendl
- Amgen Switzerland AG, Zug, Switzerland
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Merlin C, Besaury L, Niepceron M, Mchergui C, Riah W, Bureau F, Gattin I, Bodilis J. Real-time PCR for quantification in soil of glycoside hydrolase family 6 cellulase genes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2014; 59:284-91. [PMID: 24738495 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cellulose is the main structural component of the cell walls of higher plants, representing c. 35-50% of a plant's dry weight; after decomposition and transformation, and constituting a large part of soil organic matter. Telluric micro-organisms able to use cellulose as carbon and energy sources for growth are widely distributed in the environment, but the factors controlling the rate of cellulose degradation are not well understood. In this study, we have developed a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) primer set to quantify the glycoside hydrolase family 6 (GH6 family) cellulase genes in soil samples. The qPCR assays were linear over 8 orders of magnitude and sensitive down to 10 copies per assay. qPCR analysis of contrasted soil samples showed densities between 2·47 × 10(7) and 1·48 × 10(10) copies per gram of soil. Cloning and sequencing of the PCR products from environmental DNA confirmed both specific amplification (more than 96%) and the wide diversity targeted by the primer set, throughout nearly all the GH6 family, including sequences of bacteria and fungi. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Telluric micro-organisms able to use cellulose as carbon and energy sources for growth are widely distributed in the environment, but the factors controlling the rate of cellulose degradation are not well understood. The objective of our study was to develop a qPCR for rapid quantification of GH6 cellulase genes in soil. This qPCR could be applied to study the potential for cellulose degradation in different soils in order to better understand the factors controlling the stability of the soil organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- University of Rouen, LMSM laboratory, Mont Saint Aignan, France; INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecology, Dijon, France
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Michael I, Rizzo L, McArdell CS, Manaia CM, Merlin C, Schwartz T, Dagot C, Fatta-Kassinos D. Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for the release of antibiotics in the environment: a review. Water Res 2013; 47:957-95. [PMID: 23266388 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 959] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) are among the main sources of antibiotics' release into various compartments of the environment worldwide. The aim of the present paper is to critically review the fate and removal of various antibiotics in wastewater treatment, focusing on different processes (i.e. biological processes, advanced treatment technologies and disinfection) in view of the current concerns related to the induction of toxic effects in aquatic and terrestrial organisms, and the occurrence of antibiotics that may promote the selection of antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria, as reported in the literature. Where available, estimations of the removal of antibiotics are provided along with the main treatment steps. The removal efficiency during wastewater treatment processes varies and is mainly dependent on a combination of antibiotics' physicochemical properties and the operating conditions of the treatment systems. As a result, the application of alternative techniques including membrane processes, activated carbon adsorption, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and combinations of them, which may lead to higher removals, may be necessary before the final disposal of the effluents or their reuse for irrigation or groundwater recharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Michael
- Nireas-International Water Research Centre, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Rizzo L, Manaia C, Merlin C, Schwartz T, Dagot C, Ploy MC, Michael I, Fatta-Kassinos D. Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: a review. Sci Total Environ 2013; 447:345-60. [PMID: 23396083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1198] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Urban wastewater treatment plants (UWTPs) are among the main sources of antibiotics' release into the environment. The occurrence of antibiotics may promote the selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), which shade health risks to humans and animals. In this paper the fate of ARB and ARGs in UWTPs, focusing on different processes/technologies (i.e., biological processes, advanced treatment technologies and disinfection), was critically reviewed. The mechanisms by which biological processes influence the development/selection of ARB and ARGs transfer are still poorly understood. Advanced treatment technologies and disinfection process are regarded as a major tool to control the spread of ARB into the environment. In spite of intense efforts made over the last years to bring solutions to control antibiotic resistance spread in the environment, there are still important gaps to fill in. In particular, it is important to: (i) improve risk assessment studies in order to allow accurate estimates about the maximal abundance of ARB in UWTPs effluents that would not pose risks for human and environmental health; (ii) understand the factors and mechanisms that drive antibiotic resistance maintenance and selection in wastewater habitats. The final objective is to implement wastewater treatment technologies capable of assuring the production of UWTPs effluents with an acceptable level of ARB.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rizzo
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano (SA), Italy.
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Baudenon J, Guettrot-Imbert G, Andre M, Merlin C, Delarbre X, Delèvaux I, Aumaitre O. Efficacité de l’adalimumab dans la maladie de Takayasu : à propos d’un cas. Rev Med Interne 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2011.03.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cachin F, Chezal JM, Miot-Noirault E, Moins N, Auzeloux P, Vidal A, Bonnet-Duquennoy M, Boisgard S, Filaire M, Mestas D, Kelly A, Merlin C, Redini F, D’Incan M, Madelmont JC, Veyre A, Maublant J. Nouveaux traceurs TEMP : exemple des traceurs des protéoglycanes et de la mélanine. Médecine Nucléaire 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Malpel S, Merlin C, François MC, Jacquin-Joly E. Molecular identification and characterization of two new Lepidoptera chemoreceptors belonging to the Drosophila melanogaster OR83b family. Insect Mol Biol 2008; 17:587-596. [PMID: 18828844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In insect antennae, olfaction depends on olfactory receptors (ORs) that function through heterodimerization with an unusually highly conserved partner orthologue to the Drosophila melanogaster DOR83b. Here, we report the identification of two cDNAs encoding new DOR83b orthologues that represent the first members, although nonconventional, of the OR families of two noctuid crop pests, the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis and the cabbage armyworm Mamestra brassicae. They both displayed high protein sequence conservation with previously identified DOR83b orthologues. Transcripts were abundantly detected in adult chemosensory organs as well as in fifth instar larvae heads. In adult antennae, the expression patterns of both genes revealed common features with other members of the OR83b subfamily: they appeared to be expressed at the bases of numerous olfactory sensilla belonging to different functional categories, suggesting that both receptors may be co-expressed with yet unidentified conventional ORs. Bioinformatic analyses predicted the occurrence of seven transmembrane domains and an unusual topology with intracellular N-termini and extracellular C-termini, extending to Lepidoptera the hypothesis of an inverted topology for DOR83b orthologues, demonstrated to date only in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malpel
- INRA-UPMC-AgroParisTech UMR 1272 PISC Physiologie de l'Insecte: Signalisation et Communication, Versailles, France
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Kissling RO, Waldis MF, Tschopp A, Merlin C. [Does geometry of the lumbosacral inclination have an effect on the etiology of isolated osteochondrosis of L5/S1?]. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 2008; 131:261-9. [PMID: 8342313 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Men and women with isolated osteochondrosis L5/S1 (excluding transitional anomalies) were compared against a corresponding group of healthy volunteers to see whether there is any geometric or statistical evidence that might constitute predisposing factors for isolated osteochondrosis L5/S1. Arithmetic means, variances, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients were calculated for all the characteristics determined for the two groups. Multiple linear discriminant analysis was used to try to reproduce any classifications our groupings of the characteristic bearers on the basis of their characteristics. It was found that the position of the sacrum in the pelvis and the extent of lumbar lordosis play a major role. To detect a predisposition for isolated osteochondrosis L5/S1, it is thus necessary to evaluate: the position of the sacrum with regard to the pelvis and the degree of lumbar lordosis-excluding that of the fifth lumbar vertebra-in the angle system. This evaluation can be performed by measuring the dorsal inclination of the sacrum (the delta angle) and the Albrecht inclination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O Kissling
- Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Balgrist, Zürich
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Merlin C, Rosell G, Carot-Sans G, François MC, Bozzolan F, Pelletier J, Jacquin-Joly E, Guerrero A, Maïbèche-Coisne M. Antennal esterase cDNAs from two pest moths, Spodoptera littoralis and Sesamia nonagrioides, potentially involved in odourant degradation. Insect Mol Biol 2007; 16:73-81. [PMID: 17257210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid degradation of odours after interaction with olfactory receptors is a critical step of the signal reception process. However, the implied mechanisms are still largely unknown in vertebrates as well as in insects. Involvement of odourant-degrading enzymes in odourant degradation within the antennae has been shown in some insect species and, in particular, esterases could play a key role in degradation of sex pheromones from Lepidoptera. Using a PCR-based strategy, we isolated cDNAs encoding two new esterases from two moths which used acetates as pheromone compounds: the Egyptian armyworm Spodoptera littoralis and the Mediterranean corn borer Sesamia nonagrioides. In antennae, both transcripts were clearly restricted to olfactory sensilla, suggesting their involvement in the degradation of odourant acetate components.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Unité 1272, UPMC-INRA-INA.PG, Physiologie de l'Insecte: Signalisation et Communication, Centre INRA, France
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Merlin C, François MC, Queguiner I, Maïbèche-Coisné M, Jacquin-Joly E. Evidence for a putative antennal clock in Mamestra brassicae: molecular cloning and characterization of two clock genes--period and cryptochrome-- in antennae. Insect Mol Biol 2006; 15:137-45. [PMID: 16640724 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated by endogenous circadian clocks, organized in central and peripheral clocks. An antennal peripheral clock has been demonstrated to be necessary and sufficient to generate Drosophila olfactory rhythms in response to food odours. As moth pheromonal communication has been demonstrated to follow daily rhythms, we thus investigated the occurence of a putative antennal clock in the noctuid Mamestra brassicae. From moth antennae, we isolated two full-length cDNAs encoding clock genes, period and cryptochrome, which appeared to be expressed throughout the body. In the antennae, expression of both transcripts was restricted to cells that likely represent olfactory sensory neurones. Our results suggest the occurence of a putative antennal clock that could participate in the pheromonal communication rhythms observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Unité 1272, UPMC, INRA, INA.PG, Physiologie de l'Insecte: Signalisation et Communication, Versailles, France
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Merlin C, François MC, Bozzolan F, Pelletier J, Jacquin-Joly E, Maïbèche-Coisne M. A new aldehyde oxidase selectively expressed in chemosensory organs of insects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 332:4-10. [PMID: 15896291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Signal termination is a crucial step in the dynamic of the olfactory process. It involves different classes of odorant-degrading enzymes. Whereas aldehyde oxidase enzymatic activities have been demonstrated in insect antennae by previous biochemical studies, the corresponding enzymes have never been characterized at the molecular level. In the cabbage armyworm Mamestra brassicae, we isolated for the first time an aldehyde oxidase partial cDNA specifically expressed in chemosensory organs, with the strongest expression in antennae of both sexes. In these organs, expression was restricted to the olfactory sensilla. Our results suggest that the corresponding enzyme could degrade aldehyde odorant compounds, such as pheromones or plant's volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Unité 1272, UPMC-INRA-INA.PG, Physiologie de l'Insecte: Signalisation et Communication, Route de Saint-Cyr, Bat A, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
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Springael D, Ryngaert A, Merlin C, Toussaint A, Mergeay M. Occurrence of Tn4371-related mobile elements and sequences in (chloro)biphenyl-degrading bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:42-50. [PMID: 11133426 PMCID: PMC92512 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.1.42-50.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tn4371, a 55-kb transposable element involved in the degradation and biphenyl or 4-chlorobiphenyl identified in Ralstonia eutropha A5, displays a modular structure including a phage-like integrase gene (int), a Pseudomonas-like (chloro)biphenyl catabolic gene cluster (bph), and RP4- and Ti-plasmid-like transfer genes (trb) (C. Merlin, D. Springael, and A. Toussaint, Plasmid 41:40-54, 1999). Southern blot hybridization was used to examine the presence of different regions of Tn4371 in a collection of (chloro)biphenyl-degrading bacteria originating from different habitats and belonging to different bacterial genera. Tn4371-related sequences were never detected on endogenous plasmids. Although the gene probes containing only bph sequences hybridized to genomic DNA from most strains tested, a limited selection of strains, all beta-proteobacteria, displayed hybridization patterns similar to the Tn4371 bph cluster. Homology between Tn4371 and DNA of two of those strains, originating from the same area as strain A5, extended outside the catabolic genes and covered the putative transfer region of Tn4371. On the other hand, none of the (chloro)biphenyl degraders hybridized with the outer left part of Tn4371 containing the int gene. The bph catabolic determinant of the two strains displaying homology to the Tn4371 transfer genes and a third strain isolated from the A5 area could be mobilized to a R. eutropha recipient, after insertion into an endogenous or introduced IncP1 plasmid. The mobilized DNA of those strains included all Tn4371 homologous sequences previously identified in their genome. Our observations show that the bph genes present on Tn4371 are highly conserved between different (chloro)biphenyl-degrading hosts, isolated globally but belonging mainly to the beta-proteobacteria. On the other hand, Tn4371-related mobile elements carrying bph genes are apparently only found in isolates from the environment that provided the Tn4371-bearing isolate A5.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Springael
- Environmental Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (Vito), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
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Mouz S, Merlin C, Springael D, Toussaint A. A GntR-like negative regulator of the biphenyl degradation genes of the transposon Tn4371. Mol Gen Genet 1999; 262:790-9. [PMID: 10628862 DOI: 10.1007/s004380051142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Tn4371, a 55-kb catabolic transposon originally isolated from Ralstonia eutropha A5, carries genes for the degradation of biphenyl/4-chlorobiphenyl, which are clustered on a 13-kb DNA segment located in the middle of the element. DNA sequencing revealed that two potential regulatory genes, bphR and bphS, border this region. Transcriptional fusion experiments using bphC as a reporter gene, Northern hybridization and primer extension analysis led to the conclusion that the transposon-encoded genes bphEFGA1A2A3BCD form an operon transcribed from a sigma70 promoter, pE. Transcription from pE was not influenced by deletion of the bphR gene of Tn4371, which should encode a LysR-like regulator. The bphS gene product negatively regulated pE, and displayed significant similarity to GntR-like regulators. This is the first reported example of a GntR-like regulator involved in the control of an aromatic degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mouz
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université J. Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Merlin C, Springael D, Toussaint A. Tn4371: A modular structure encoding a phage-like integrase, a Pseudomonas-like catabolic pathway, and RP4/Ti-like transfer functions. Plasmid 1999; 41:40-54. [PMID: 9887305 DOI: 10.1006/plas.1998.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tn4371 is a 55-kb catabolic transposon originally isolated from Ralstonia eutropha A5 that encodes enzymes catalyzing the complete degradation of biphenyl. Unlike previously described transposons encoding similar genes for aromatic compound degradation. Tn4371 carries a phage-like degradation, Tn4371 integrase gene and RP4/Ti-like transfer genes. Tn4371 transposition involves an excision/integration process and, consistent with this site-specific recombination mechanism, the ends of the element are transiently covalently bound. Transposition is targeted to a limited number of sites on the CH34 chromosome and pMOL30 plasmid as well as on RP4. One of these sites consists of a 5'-TTTTTCAT-3' sequence which is also present between the covalently joined ends of the transposon. Conjugative transfer of Tn4371 could not yet be demonstrated although the functionality of its transfer machinery could be established through the identification of a second transposable element, Tn-bph, which contains the right half of Tn4371, including the bph catabolic gene cluster and the identified transfer genes. Tn-bph transfers by conjugation and integrates in a new host genome independently of the larger element. Tn4371 thus appears as composite transposon combining an enteric phage-like integration system, RP4/Ti-like conjugation genes, and Pseudomonas-like catabolic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Cedex 9, F38041,
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Merlin C, Toussaint A. Les éléments transposables bactériens. Med Sci (Paris) 1999. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Merlin C, Springael D, Mergeay M, Toussaint A. Organisation of the bph gene cluster of transposon Tn4371, encoding enzymes for the degradation of biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl compounds. Mol Gen Genet 1997; 253:499-506. [PMID: 9037111 DOI: 10.1007/s004380050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tn4371 is a 55 kb transposon which encodes enzymes for the degradation of biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl compounds into benzoate and 4-chlorobenzoate derivatives. We constructed a cosmid library of Tn4371 DNA. The bph genes involved in biphenyl/4-chlorobiphenyl degradation were found to be clustered in the middle of the transposon. Sequencing revealed an organisation of the bph genes similar to that previously found in Pseudomonas sp. KKS102, i.e. the bphEGF genes are located upstream of bphA1A2A3 and bphA4 is separated from bphA1A2A3 by bphBCD. Consensus sequences for sigma54-associated RNA polymerase were found upstream of bphA1 and bphEGF. Plasmid RP4::Tn4371 was transferred into a mutant of Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 lacking sigma54. In contrast to wild-type H16 exconjugants, the sigma54 mutant exconjugants could not grow on biphenyl, indicating the dependence of Tn4371 bph gene expression on sigma54. The Tn4371-encoded bph pathway was activated when biphenyl and various biphenyl-like compounds were present in the growth medium. Preliminary observations indicate the presence of a region outside the catabolic genes downstream of bphA4 which is involved in mediating at least the basal expression of BphC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Baici A, Hörler D, Lang A, Merlin C, Kissling R. Cathepsin B in osteoarthritis: zonal variation of enzyme activity in human femoral head cartilage. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54:281-8. [PMID: 7763106 PMCID: PMC1005575 DOI: 10.1136/ard.54.4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the quantitative topographical distribution of cathepsin B in human femoral head cartilage by measuring the zonal variation of enzyme activity in specimens taken from various anatomical regions of normal and osteoarthritic (OA) tissues, and to correlate this parameter with the severity of the OA lesions. METHODS OA articular cartilage was obtained at surgery for total hip replacement and control cartilage obtained at postmortem. Cylinders of full thickness cartilage with underlying bone were retrieved with a biopsy trephine. Sections of cartilage were produced by cryocutting the tissue as slices parallel to the articular surface and assayed for cathepsin B with a specific, highly sensitive fluorogenic substrate. The severity of the OA lesions was graded according to the histopathological-histochemical method of Mankin. RESULTS Zonal cathepsin B activity of normal cartilage was uniform and low in all regions of the femoral head. In apparently intact OA cartilage and in severely degraded tissue the zonal distribution and the amounts of enzyme were similar to control values. At sites with active disease, cathepsin B activity was much greater than in controls and its irregular zonal distribution correlated with tissue degeneration, hypercellularity, or cloning of chondrocytes as determined histochemically. Particularly high enzyme levels were observed at sites with regenerating cartilage, where some zonal peaks attained 20-fold activity with respect to controls. CONCLUSION Cathepsin B may play a role in sustaining the chronicity of OA, not as an initiator, but rather as a perpetuator of the disease and as an antagonist of regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baici
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Baici A, Lang A, Hörler D, Kissling R, Merlin C. Cathepsin B in osteoarthritis: cytochemical and histochemical analysis of human femoral head cartilage. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54:289-97. [PMID: 7763107 PMCID: PMC1005576 DOI: 10.1136/ard.54.4.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To localise the cysteine endopeptidase cathepsin B in chondrocytes and cartilage from normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human femoral heads in order to provide qualitative information on its cellular expression and distribution at possible sites of action. METHODS OA articular cartilage was obtained at surgery for total hip replacement; control cartilage was obtained at postmortem. Chondrocytes were isolated by sequential enzymatic digestion and cathepsin B analysed by immunocytochemistry and activity staining with a fluorogenic substrate. Lysosomes were visualised by fluorescence microscopy after staining of living cells with acridine orange. Using a histochemical reaction, enzyme activity was measured in cryosections of full thickness cartilage. RESULTS Chondrocytes from normal cartilage contained very few lysosomes and only a minor cell population was cathepsin B positive. A high proportion of chondrocytes from active OA cartilage contained a large number of lysosomes and an excess of cathepsin B in intracellular organelles; the enzyme was stored in an active form. In this respect, OA chondrocytes closely resembled normal cells that had been phenotypically modulated by serial subcultures. No cathepsin B activity could be detected by histochemistry in either chondrocytes or matrix of normal cartilage. While apparently intact and severely degraded OA cartilage was also cathepsin B negative, tissue at sites of active destruction and, particularly, at repair sites was highly positive. CONCLUSION The presence and the particular distribution of active cathepsin B in OA cartilage at 'more involved' sites suggest a pathological role for this enzyme in sustaining and perpetuating cartilage degradation. While other stimuli may also be responsible for cathepsin B expression in OA chondrocytes, the similarity with artificially modulated cells indicates fibroblastic metaplasia as a plausible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baici
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
We have investigated the possibility of growing mutator phages from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on various isolates of Alcaligenes eutrophus. Although none out of 10 A. eutrophus strains were susceptible to infection with any of the phages tested, phage D3112 could be readily transferred in our model strain CH34 by means of an RP4::D3112 plasmid. CH34/RP4::D3112 lysogens were stable and produced phages. However, neither mitomycin C nor UV treatment increased the phage yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Krylov
- Institute for Genetics of Microorganisms, Moscow
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Abstract
Nineteen strains of Alcaligenes eutrophus were tested for the presence of prophages. One strain that lysed upon mitomycin C treatment produced a phage which could not form plaques on any of the strains available. DNA extracted from partially purified phage lysates was digested with various restriction enzymes which showed that the 42 kb long viral double-stranded DNA circularizes by means of cohesive ends. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a phage for the genus Alcaligenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faelen
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rhode St Genèse, Belgium
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Merlin C, Gloor F, Hardmeier T, Senn HJ. [Does the intramammary carcinomatous lymphagiosis have prognostic significance in nodal-negative breast neoplasms?]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1980; 110:605-9. [PMID: 7394476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study represents an attempt to analyse the prognostic significance of intramammary lymphangiosis carcinomatosa (ILC) in nodal-negative mammary carcinomas. It is based on 125 cases of nodal-negative mammary carcinomas covered by the prospective OSAKO study (reference number 06/74). Histological sections of the mastectomy preparations were examined for the presence of ILC. We found it difficult to diagnose the presence of lymphangiosis carcinomatosa in mammary gland tissue in cases of mammary carcinoma on the basis of histological findings. Applying strictest criteria, ILC was found in 11 of the 125 cases (8.8%). Due to the small number of carcinomas with ILC and to the average observation period of only 3 1/2 years it is as yet impossible to reach any statistically significant conclusions regarding rate of relapse, appearance of distant metastases and deaths. It is, however, striking that 2 of 11 patients with ILC died as a result of their carcinomas, whereas there were only 3 carcinoma deaths out of 107 cases in the group without ILC. It is at present too early to decide whether ILC is an appropriate criterion to use in selecting cases of nodal-negative mammary carcinoma with a poor prognosis, meriting the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy.
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