1
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin B Ogilvie
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rohan Jotwani
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jatin Joshi
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amitabh Gulati
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Neel Mehta
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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2
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Ellsworth GB, Lensing SY, Ogilvie CB, Lee JY, Goldstone SE, Berry-Lawhorn JM, Jay N, Stier EA, Logan JS, Einstein MH, Saah A, Mitsuyasu RT, Aboulafia D, Palefsky JM, Wilkin TJ. A delayed dose of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine demonstrates immune memory in HIV-1-infected men. Papillomavirus Res 2018; 6:11-14. [PMID: 29807211 PMCID: PMC6121157 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- HIV Infections/complications
- HIV Infections/immunology
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/administration & dosage
- Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Papillomavirus Infections/immunology
- Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Ellsworth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, 53W 23rd St, 6th Fl, New York, NY 10023, USA
| | - S Y Lensing
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - C B Ogilvie
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, USA
| | - J Y Lee
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | | | | | - N Jay
- University of California at San Francisco, USA
| | - E A Stier
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - M H Einstein
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, USA
| | - A Saah
- Merck Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA
| | | | - D Aboulafia
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Hematology, University of Washington, USA
| | | | - T J Wilkin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, 53W 23rd St, 6th Fl, New York, NY 10023, USA.
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3
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Bander ED, Singh H, Ogilvie CB, Cusic RC, Pisapia DJ, Tsiouris AJ, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal versus transcranial approach to tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale meningiomas in a similar cohort of patients. J Neurosurg 2017; 128:40-48. [PMID: 28128693 DOI: 10.3171/2016.9.jns16823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Planum sphenoidale (PS) and tuberculum sellae (TS) meningiomas cause visual symptoms due to compression of the optic chiasm. The treatment of choice is surgical removal with the goal of improving vision and achieving complete tumor removal. Two options exist to remove these tumors: the transcranial approach (TCA) and the endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA). Significant controversy exists regarding which approach provides the best results and whether there is a subset of patients for whom an EEA may be more suitable. Comparisons using a similar cohort of patients, namely, those suitable for gross-total resection with EEA, are lacking from the literature. METHODS The authors reviewed all cases of PS and TS meningiomas that were surgically removed at Weill Cornell Medical College between 2000 and 2015 (TCA) and 2008 and 2015 (EEA). All cases were shown to a panel of 3 neurosurgeons to find only those tumors that could be removed equally well either through an EEA or TCA to standardize both groups. Volumetric measurements of preoperative and postoperative tumor size, FLAIR images, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps were assessed by 2 independent reviewers and compared to assess extent of resection and trauma to the surrounding brain. Visual outcome and complications were also compared. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were identified who underwent either EEA (n = 17) or TCA (n = 15). The preoperative tumor size was comparable (mean 5.58 ± 3.42 vs 5.04 ± 3.38 cm3 [± SD], p = 0.661). The average extent of resection achieved was not significantly different between the 2 groups (98.80% ± 3.32% vs 95.13% ± 11.69%, p = 0.206). Postoperatively, the TCA group demonstrated a significant increase in the FLAIR/edema signal compared with EEA patients (4.15 ± 7.10 vs -0.69 ± 2.73 cm3, p = 0.014). In addition, the postoperative diffusion-weighted imaging signal of cytotoxic ischemic damage was significantly higher in the TCA group than in the EEA group (1.88 ± 1.96 vs 0.40 ± 0.55 cm3, p =0.008). Overall, significantly more EEA patients experienced improved or stable visual outcomes compared with TCA patients (93% vs 56%, p = 0.049). Visual deterioration was greater after TCA than EEA (44% vs 0%, p = 0.012). While more patients experienced postoperative seizures after TCA than after EEA (27% vs 0%, p = 0.038), there was a trend toward more CSF leakage and anosmia after EEA than after TCA (11.8% vs 0%, p = 0.486 and 11.8% vs 0%, p = 0.118, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In this small single-institution study of similarly sized and located PS and TS meningiomas, EEA provided equivalent rates of resection with better visual results, less trauma to the brain, and fewer seizures. These preliminary results merit further investigation in a larger multiinstitutional study and may support EEA resection by experienced surgeons in a subset of carefully selected PS and TS meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Bander
- Departments of1Neurosurgery.,6Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; and
| | - Harminder Singh
- Departments of1Neurosurgery.,7Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Colin B Ogilvie
- 6Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; and
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4
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Hedegaard DL, Tully DC, Rowe IA, Reynolds GM, Bean DJ, Hu K, Davis C, Wilhelm A, Ogilvie CB, Power KA, Tarr AW, Kelly D, Allen TM, Balfe P, McKeating JA. High resolution sequencing of hepatitis C virus reveals limited intra-hepatic compartmentalization in end-stage liver disease. J Hepatol 2017; 66:28-38. [PMID: 27531641 PMCID: PMC5558612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The high replication and mutation rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) results in a heterogeneous population of viral sequences in vivo. HCV replicates in the liver and infected hepatocytes occur as foci surrounded by uninfected cells that may promote compartmentalization of viral variants. Given recent reports showing interferon stimulated gene (ISG) expression in chronic hepatitis C, we hypothesized that local interferon responses may limit HCV replication and evolution. METHODS To investigate the spatial influence of liver architecture on viral replication we measured HCV RNA and ISG mRNA from each of the 8 Couinaud segments of the liver from 21 patients undergoing liver transplant. RESULTS HCV RNA and ISG mRNA levels were comparable across all sites from an individual liver but showed up to 500-fold difference between patients. Importantly, there was no association between ISG and HCV RNA expression across all sites in the liver or plasma. Deep sequencing of HCV RNA isolated from the 8 hepatic sites from two subjects showed a similar distribution of viral quasispecies across the liver and uniform sequence diversity. Single genome amplification of HCV E1E2-envelope clones from 6 selected patients at 2 hepatic sites supported these data and showed no evidence for HCV compartmentalization. CONCLUSIONS We found no differences between the hepatic and plasma viral quasispecies in all patients sampled. We conclude that in end-stage liver disease HCV RNA levels and the genetic pool of HCV envelope sequences are indistinguishable between distant sites in the liver and plasma, arguing against viral compartmentalization. LAY SUMMARY HCV is an RNA virus that exists as a quasispecies of closely related genomes that are under continuous selection by host innate and adaptive immune responses and antiviral drug therapy. The primary site of HCV replication is the liver and yet our understanding of the spatial distribution of viral variants within the liver is limited. High resolution sequencing of HCV and monitoring of innate immune responses at multiple sites across the liver identified a uniform pattern of diversity and argues against viral compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian A. Rowe
- Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gary M. Reynolds
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - David J. Bean
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ke Hu
- Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Annika Wilhelm
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Karen A. Power
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander W. Tarr
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Deirdre Kelly
- Liver Unit, Birmingham Childrens’ Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Balfe
- Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Jane A. McKeating
- Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK,NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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5
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Tully DC, Hjerrild S, Leutscher PD, Renvillard SG, Ogilvie CB, Bean DJ, Videbech P, Allen TM, McKeating JA, Fletcher NF. Deep sequencing of hepatitis C virus reveals genetic compartmentalization in cerebrospinal fluid from cognitively impaired patients. Liver Int 2016; 36:1418-24. [PMID: 27045383 PMCID: PMC5553127 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes neuropsychiatric impairment and fatigue with recent studies suggesting HCV invasion of the central nervous system (CNS). Our previous finding that endothelial cells from the blood-brain barrier support HCV infection warrants further investigation to elucidate whether the CNS can serve as a reservoir for independent HCV evolution. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma from six HCV-infected patients without liver disease or co-morbidities together with plasma from six healthy subjects were profiled for markers of immune activation and viral quasispecies measured by deep sequencing. Unsupervised data analyses were used to identify any associations between cytokine activation markers and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Four of six HCV-infected patients showed significant evidence of cognitive dysfunction and fatigue. Deep sequencing revealed independent viral evolution within the CNS of two cognitively impaired patients. Principal component analysis of peripheral cytokines demonstrated that individuals without cognitive impairment clustered together while a distinct cytokine pattern emerged with patients exhibiting cognitive dysfunction and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Deep sequencing demonstrated unique viral variants in the CSF of two cognitively impaired patients consistent with CNS replication or sequestration. Meanwhile, compartmentalization was absent in infected patients with no neurocognitive impairment. Examination of cytokine profiles in HCV-infected patients with cognitive dysfunction revealed elevated peripheral cytokine levels resulting in a distinct cytokine profile that may be related to cognitive impairment or viral penetration into the CNS. Further studies to determine the significance of unique HCV variants within the CNS are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Hjerrild
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter D. Leutscher
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Signe G. Renvillard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - David J. Bean
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Poul Videbech
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicola F. Fletcher
- Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK,Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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6
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Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Salazar MG, Tully DC, Ogilvie CB, Learn GH, Allen TM, Heath SL, Goepfert P, Bar KJ. Use of Dried Blood Spots to Elucidate Full-Length Transmitted/Founder HIV-1 Genomes. Pathog Immun 2016; 1:129-153. [PMID: 27819061 PMCID: PMC5096837 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v1i1.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Identification of HIV-1 genomes responsible for establishing clinical infection in newly infected individuals is fundamental to prevention and pathogenesis research. Processing, storage, and transportation of the clinical samples required to perform these virologic assays in resource-limited settings requires challenging venipuncture and cold chain logistics. Here, we validate the use of dried-blood spots (DBS) as a simple and convenient alternative to collecting and storing frozen plasma. Methods: We performed parallel nucleic acid extraction, single genome amplification (SGA), next generation sequencing (NGS), and phylogenetic analyses on plasma and DBS. Results: We demonstrated the capacity to extract viral RNA from DBS and perform SGA to infer the complete nucleotide sequence of the transmitted/founder (TF) HIV-1 envelope gene and full-length genome in two acutely infected individuals. Using both SGA and NGS methodologies, we showed that sequences generated from DBS and plasma display comparable phylogenetic patterns in both acute and chronic infection. SGA was successful on samples with a range of plasma viremia, including samples as low as 1,700 copies/ml and an estimated ~50 viral copies per blood spot. Further, we demonstrated reproducible efficiency in gp160 env sequencing in DBS stored at ambient temperature for up to three weeks or at -20°C for up to five months. Conclusions: These findings support the use of DBS as a practical and cost-effective alternative to frozen plasma for clinical trials and translational research conducted in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria G Salazar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Damien C Tully
- Ragon Institute of MHG, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Gerald H Learn
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Todd M Allen
- Ragon Institute of MHG, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sonya L Heath
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul Goepfert
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Katharine J Bar
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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7
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Rowe IA, Tully DC, Armstrong MJ, Parker R, Guo K, Barton D, Morse GD, Venuto CS, Ogilvie CB, Hedegaard DL, McKelvy JF, Wong-Staal F, Allen TM, Balfe P, McKeating JA, Mutimer. DJ. Effect of scavenger receptor class B type I antagonist ITX5061 in patients with hepatitis C virus infection undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2016; 22:287-97. [PMID: 26437376 PMCID: PMC4901184 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry inhibitors have been hypothesized to prevent infection of the liver after transplantation. ITX5061 is a scavenger receptor class B type I antagonist that blocks HCV entry and infection in vitro. We assessed the safety and efficacy of ITX5061 to limit HCV infection of the graft. The study included 23 HCV-infected patients undergoing liver transplantation. The first 13 "control" patients did not receive drug. The subsequent 10 patients received 150 mg of ITX5061 immediately before and after transplant and daily for 1 week thereafter. ITX5061 pharmacokinetics and plasma HCV RNA were quantified. Viral genetic diversity was measured by ultradeep pyrosequencing (UDPS). ITX5061 was well tolerated with measurable plasma concentrations during therapy. Although the median HCV RNA reduction was greater in ITX-treated patients at all time points in the first week after transplantation, there was no difference in the overall change in the area over the HCV RNA curve in the 7-day treatment period. However, in genotype (GT) 1-infected patients, treatment was associated with a sustained reduction in HCV RNA levels compared to the control group (area over the HCV RNA curve analysis, P = 0.004). UDPS revealed a complex and evolving pattern of HCV variants infecting the graft during the first week. ITX5061 significantly limited viral evolution where the median divergence between day 0 and day 7 was 3.5% in the control group compared to 0.1% in the treated group. In conclusion, ITX5061 reduces plasma HCV RNA after transplant notably in GT 1-infected patients and slows viral evolution. Following liver transplantation, the likely contribution of extrahepatic reservoirs of HCV necessitates combining entry inhibitors such as ITX5061 with inhibitors of replication in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Rowe
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, UK,NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Matthew J Armstrong
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard Parker
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kathy Guo
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Darren Barton
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Gene D Morse
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and NYS Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, NY, US
| | - Charles S Venuto
- Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, US
| | | | - Ditte L Hedegaard
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Todd M Allen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Harvard, US
| | - Peter Balfe
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Jane A McKeating
- Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Centre for Human Virology, University of Birmingham, UK,NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Mutimer.
- NIHR Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham, UK,Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Tully DC, Ogilvie CB, Batorsky R, Power KA, Bedard H, Seese A, Amero M, Bazner S, Tinsley J, Lennon NJ, Henn MR, Rosenberg E, Mayer KH, Jessen H, Altfeld M, Allen TM. Genetic Footprints within the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Associated with Transmission in Men Who Have Sex with Men. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.5102.abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Damien C. Tully
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Colin B. Ogilvie
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Rebecca Batorsky
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Karen A. Power
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Hunter Bedard
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Aaron Seese
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Molly Amero
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Sue Bazner
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Infectious Disease, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jake Tinsley
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Niall J. Lennon
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Matthew R. Henn
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Eric Rosenberg
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Infectious Disease, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Marcus Altfeld
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Heinrich-Pette-Institut, Viral Immunology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
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