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Gao R, Wang Z, Uprety T, Sreenivasan CC, Sheng Z, Hause BM, Brunick C, Wu H, Luke T, Bausch CL, Sullivan EJ, Hoppe AD, Huber VC, Wang D, Li F. A fully human monoclonal antibody possesses antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against the H1 subtype of influenza A virus by targeting a conserved epitope at the HA1 protomer interface. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28901. [PMID: 37394780 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The DiversitabTM system produces target specific high titer fully human polyclonal IgG immunoglobulins from transchromosomic (Tc) bovines shown to be safe and effective against multiple virulent pathogens in animal studies and Phase 1, 2 and 3 human clinical trials. We describe the functional properties of a human monoclonal antibody (mAb), 38C2, identified from this platform, which recognizes recombinant H1 hemagglutinins (HAs) and induces appreciable antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity in vitro. Interestingly, 38C2 monoclonal antibody demonstrated no detectable neutralizing activity against H1N1 virus in both hemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralization assays. Nevertheless, this human monoclonal antibody induced appreciable ADCC against cells infected with multiple H1N1 strains. The HA-binding activity of 38C2 was also demonstrated in flow cytometry using Madin-Darby canine kidney cells infected with multiple influenza A H1N1 viruses. Through further investigation with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay involving the HA peptide array and 3-dimensional structural modeling, we demonstrated that 38C2 appears to target a conserved epitope located at the HA1 protomer interface of H1N1 influenza viruses. A novel mode of HA-binding and in vitro ADCC activity pave the way for further evaluation of 38C2 as a potential therapeutic agent to treat influenza virus infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyuan Gao
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Tirth Uprety
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chithra C Sreenivasan
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zizhang Sheng
- Zuckerman Mind Brian Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ben M Hause
- Research and Development Division, Cambridge Technologies Inc, Worthington, Minnesota, USA
| | - Colin Brunick
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Hua Wu
- SAB Biotherapeutics, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Thomas Luke
- SAB Biotherapeutics, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | | | | | - Adam D Hoppe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Victor C Huber
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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McCormick K, Jiang Z, Zhu L, Lawson SR, Langenhorst R, Ransburgh R, Brunick C, Tracy MC, Hurtig HR, Mabee LM, Mingo M, Li Y, Webby RJ, Huber VC, Fang Y. Construction and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Recombinant Influenza A Viruses Containing Chimeric Hemagglutinin Genes Derived from Genetically Divergent Influenza A H1N1 Subtype Viruses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127649. [PMID: 26061265 PMCID: PMC4465703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Influenza A viruses cause highly contagious diseases in a variety of hosts, including humans and pigs. To develop a vaccine that can be broadly effective against genetically divergent strains of the virus, in this study we employed molecular breeding (DNA shuffling) technology to create a panel of chimeric HA genes. METHODS AND RESULTS Each chimeric HA gene contained genetic elements from parental swine influenza A viruses that had a history of zoonotic transmission, and also from a 2009 pandemic virus. Each parental virus represents a major phylogenetic clade of influenza A H1N1 viruses. Nine shuffled HA constructs were initially screened for immunogenicity in mice by DNA immunization, and one chimeric HA (HA-129) was expressed on both a A/Puerto Rico/8/34 backbone with mutations associated with a live, attenuated phenotype (PR8LAIV-129) and a A/swine/Texas/4199-2/98 backbone (TX98-129). When delivered to mice, the PR8LAIV-129 induced antibodies against all four parental viruses, which was similar to the breadth of immunity observed when HA-129 was delivered as a DNA vaccine. This chimeric HA was then tested as a candidate vaccine in a nursery pig model, using inactivated TX98-129 virus as the backbone. The results demonstrate that pigs immunized with HA-129 developed antibodies against all four parental viruses, as well as additional primary swine H1N1 influenza virus field isolates. CONCLUSION This study established a platform for creating novel genes of influenza viruses using a molecular breeding approach, which will have important applications toward future development of broadly protective influenza virus vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara McCormick
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Longchao Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Steven R. Lawson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Robert Langenhorst
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Russell Ransburgh
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Colin Brunick
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Miranda C. Tracy
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Heather R. Hurtig
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Leah M. Mabee
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Mark Mingo
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Webby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, United States of America
| | - Victor C. Huber
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, 57069, United States of America
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, United States of America
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Sun Z, Lawson S, Langenhorst R, McCormick KL, Brunick C, Opriessnig T, Baker R, Yoon KJ, Zhang W, Huber VC, Fang Y. Construction and immunogenicity evaluation of an epitope-based antigen against swine influenza A virus using Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit as a carrier-adjuvant. Vet Microbiol 2013; 164:229-38. [PMID: 23497910 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in a variety of avian and mammalian hosts, including humans and pigs. The primary means for preventing influenza epidemics is vaccination. Epitope-based vaccine represents a new approach to achieve protective immunity. The objective of this study was to construct and evaluate the immunogenicity of an epitope-based antigen for its potential application in future influenza vaccine development. The antigen, comprised of a set of consensus influenza A virus epitopes (IAVe), was genetically linked to a subunit of the bacterial heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) as an adjuvant. Immunogenicity of this LTB-IAVe antigen was evaluated in a pig model. Despite an inability to detect neutralizing antibodies directed toward the whole virus, humoral immunity against the IAVe was demonstrated in both serum (IgA and IgG) and mucosal secretions (IgG) of immunized pigs. Specific cellular immunity was also induced after LTB-IAVe immunization, as evidenced by up-regulating of IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of vaccinated pigs. In comparison to the non-immunized pigs, pigs immunized with the LTB-IAVe showed improved protection against a pathogenic H1N1 swine influenza virus challenge, with about 50% decrease of pneumonic lesions and 10-fold reduction of the viral load in lung and nasal secretion at five days post challenge. This study establishes a platform for future construction of epitope-based vaccines against influenza A virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Sun
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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