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Das M, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Oberg A, Ellies LG, Zeng L, Jih LJ, Newton IG, Webster NJG. Time-Restricted Feeding Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Obese Male Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1513. [PMID: 38672595 PMCID: PMC11048121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has surpassed the hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in most parts of the Western world. MASLD (formerly known as NAFLD) encompasses both simple steatosis and more aggressive metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which is accompanied by inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and ultimately can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are currently very few approved therapies for MASH. Weight loss strategies such as caloric restriction can ameliorate the harmful metabolic effect of MASH and inhibit HCC; however, it is difficult to implement and maintain in daily life, especially in individuals diagnosed with HCC. In this study, we tested a time-restricted feeding (TRF) nutritional intervention in mouse models of MASH and HCC. We show that TRF abrogated metabolic dysregulation induced by a Western diet without any calorie restriction or weight loss. TRF improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hyperinsulinemia, liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Importantly, TRF inhibited liver tumors in two mouse models of obesity-driven HCC. Our data suggest that TRF is likely to be effective in abrogating MASH and HCC and warrant further studies of time-restricted eating in humans with MASH who are at higher risk of developing HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexis Oberg
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Liping Zeng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lily J. Jih
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Isabel G. Newton
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas J. G. Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; (M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Mandt T, Bangar A, Sauceda C, Das M, Moderbacher C, Ghani M, Webster N, Newton I. Stimulating Antitumoral Immunity by Percutaneous Cryoablation and Combination Immunoadjuvant Therapy in a Murine Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023; 34:1516-1527.e6. [PMID: 37178816 PMCID: PMC10852103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that antitumoral immunity can be induced after cryoablation (cryo) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through coadministration of the immunostimulant CpG and an immune checkpoint (programmed cell death 1 [PD-1]) inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-three immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice were generated with 2 orthotopic HCC tumor foci: 1 for treatment and 1 to observe for antitumoral immunity. Tumors were treated with incomplete cryo alone or intratumoral CpG and/or a PD-1 inhibitor. The primary endpoint was death or when the following criteria for sacrifice were met: tumor > 1 cm (determined using ultrasound) or moribund state. Antitumoral immunity was assessed using flow cytometry and histology (tumor and liver) as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (serum). Analysis of variance was used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS At 1 week, the nonablated satellite tumor growth was reduced by 1.9-fold (P = .047) in the cryo + CpG group and by 2.8-fold (P = .007) in the cryo + CpG + PD-1 group compared with that in the cryo group. Compared with cryo alone, the time to tumor progression to endpoints was also prolonged for cryo + CpG + PD-1 and cryo + CpG mice, with log-rank hazard ratios of 0.42 (P = .031) and 0.27 (P < .001), respectively. Flow cytometry and histology showed increased cytotoxic T-cell infiltration (P = .002) and serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-γ (P = .015) in tumors and serum of cryo + CpG mice compared with those in tumors and serum of mice treated with cryo alone. High serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine tumor growth factor-β and the proangiogenesis chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 were correlated with a shorter time to endpoints and faster tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Cryo combined with the immunostimulant CpG promoted cytotoxic T-cell infiltration into tumors, slowed tumor growth, and prolonged the time to progression to endpoints in an aggressive murine HCC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Mandt
- Health Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Amandip Bangar
- Health Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Health Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Manasi Das
- Health Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | | | - Mansur Ghani
- Health Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Nicholas Webster
- San Diego Veteran's Affairs, University of California San Diego, San Diego
| | - Isabel Newton
- San Diego Veteran's Affairs, University of California San Diego, San Diego.
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Ghani MA, Bangar A, Yang Y, Jung E, Sauceda C, Mandt T, Shukla S, Webster NJG, Steinmetz NF, Newton IG. Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Multimodal In Situ Vaccination Using Cryoablation and a Plant Virus Immunostimulant. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023; 34:1247-1257.e8. [PMID: 36997021 PMCID: PMC10829876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that cryoablation combined with intratumoral immunomodulating nanoparticles from cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) as an in situ vaccination approach induces systemic antitumoral immunity in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice with bilateral, subcutaneous RIL-175 cell-derived HCCs were randomized to 4 groups: (a) phosphate-buffered saline (control), (b) cryoablation only (Cryo), (c) CPMV-treated only (CPMV), and (d) cryoablation plus CPMV-treated (Cryo + CPMV) (N = 11-14 per group). Intratumoral CPMV was administered every 3 days for 4 doses, with cryoablation performed on the third day. Contralateral tumors were monitored. Tumor growth and systemic chemokine/cytokine levels were measured. A subset of tumors and spleens were harvested for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry. One- or 2-way analysis of variance was performed for statistical comparisons. A P value of <.05 was used as the threshold for statistical significance. RESULTS At 2 weeks after treatment, the Cryo and CPMV groups, alone or combined, outperformed the control group in the treated tumor; however, the Cryo + CPMV group showed the strongest reduction and lowest variance (1.6-fold ± 0.9 vs 6.3-fold ± 0.5, P < .0001). For the untreated tumor, only Cryo + CPMV significantly reduced tumor growth compared with control (9.2-fold ± 0.9 vs 17.8-fold ± 2.1, P = .01). The Cryo + CPMV group exhibited a transient increase in interleukin-10 and persistently decreased CXCL1. Flow cytometry revealed natural killer cell enrichment in the untreated tumor and increased PD-1 expression in the spleen. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes increased in Cryo + CPMV-treated tumors by IHC. CONCLUSIONS Cryoablation and intratumoral CPMV, alone or combined, demonstrated potent efficacy against treated HCC tumors; however, only cryoablation combined with CPMV slowed the growth of untreated tumors, consistent with an abscopal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur A Ghani
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amandip Bangar
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Eunkyeong Jung
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tyler Mandt
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sourabh Shukla
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Isabel G Newton
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
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Ghani M, Bangar A, Yang Y, Jung E, Sauceda C, Mandt T, Shukla S, Webster N, Steinmetz N, Newton I. Abstract No. 6 Treatment of HCC by Multimodal In Situ Vaccination Using Cryoablation and a Plant Virus Immunostimulant. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Das M, Ellies L, Jih L, Kumar D, Oberg A, Sahoo D, Sauceda C, Webster PN, Wu P. RF07 | PSUN384 Hepatocyte Deletion of IGF2 Prevents DNA Damage and Tumor Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9628777 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with a 18% 5-year survival rate. Mice lacking the splicing factor SRSF3 in hepatocytes (SKO mice) overexpress IGF2 and are predisposed to developing HCC with age. Loss of Igf2 in the SKO background prevented hepatic fibrosis and inflammation, and completely prevented tumor formation. This was associated with decreased proliferation, apoptosis and DNA damage, and restored DNA repair enzyme expression. Mechanistically, IGF2 treatment of HepG2 cells in vitro caused DNA damage and decreased DNA repair enzyme expression, and tumors from the SKO mice show mutational signatures consistent with double strand break and defective mismatch repair. Looking at human data, HCC patients with high IGF2 mRNA expression had worse survival compared to patients with normal IGF2 expression. The patients also showed a switch in IGF2 promoter usage that correlated with increased expression. HCC patients having high SRSF3 mRNA expression also showed poor survival as did patients with alterations in known SRSF3-dependent splicing events. The level of SRSF3 protein was decreased 6-fold in human HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues. The results indicate that IGF2 overexpression in conjunction with reduced SRSF3 splicing activity could be a major cause of DNA damage and driver of liver cancer. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:18 p.m. - 1:23 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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Gonzalez CG, Mills RH, Zhu Q, Sauceda C, Knight R, Dulai PS, Gonzalez DJ. Location-specific signatures of Crohn's disease at a multi-omics scale. Microbiome 2022; 10:133. [PMID: 35999575 PMCID: PMC9400277 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD), an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subtype, results from pathologic interactions between host cells and its resident gut microbes. CD manifests in both isolated disease locations (ileum or colon) or a combination of locations (ileocolonic). To date, a comprehensive understanding of how isolated CD subtypes influence molecular profiles remains outstanding. To address this, we sought to define CD location signatures by leveraging a large cross-sectional feature set captured from the stool of over 200 IBD patients and healthy controls using metaproteomics, shotgun metagenomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomic profiling, and host genetics paired with clinical endoscopic assessments. RESULTS Neither metagenomic nor host genetics alone distinguished CD location subtypes. In contrast, ileal and colonic CD were distinguished using mass spectrometry-based methods (metabolomics or metaproteomics) or a combined multi-omic feature set. This multi-omic feature set revealed colonic CD was strongly associated with neutrophil-related proteins. Additionally, colonic CD displayed a disease-severity-related association with Bacteroides vulgatus. Colonic CD and ulcerative colitis profiles harbored strikingly similar feature enrichments compared to ileal CD, including neutrophil-related protein enrichments. Compared to colonic CD, ileal CD profiles displayed increased primary and secondary bile acid levels and concomitant shifts in taxa with noted sensitivities such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii or affinities for bile acid-rich environments, including Gammaproteobacteria and Blautia sp. Having shown robust molecular and microbial distinctions tied to CD locations, we leveraged these profiles to generate location-specific disease severity biomarkers that surpass the performance of Calprotectin. CONCLUSIONS When compared using multi-omics features, colonic- and ileal-isolated CD subtypes display striking differences that suggest separate location-specific pathologies. Colonic CD's strong similarity to ulcerative colitis, including neutrophil and Bacteroides vulgatus involvement, is also evidence of a shared pathology for colonic-isolated IBD subtypes, while ileal CD maintains a unique, bile acid-driven profile. More broadly, this study demonstrates the power of multi-omics approaches for IBD biomarker discovery and elucidating the underlying biology. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert H Mills
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60061, USA.
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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Kumar D, Das M, Oberg A, Sahoo D, Wu P, Sauceda C, Jih L, Ellies LG, Langiewicz MT, Sen S, Webster NJG. Hepatocyte Deletion of IGF2 Prevents DNA Damage and Tumor Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105120. [PMID: 35615981 PMCID: PMC9313545 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Serine-arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) plays a critical role in hepatocyte function and its loss in mice promotes chronic liver damage and leads to HCC. Hepatocyte-specific SRSF3 knockout mice (SKO mice) also overexpress insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). In the present study, double deletion of Igf2 and Srsf3 (DKO mice) prevents hepatic fibrosis and inflammation, and completely prevents tumor formation, and is associated with decreased proliferation, apoptosis and DNA damage, and restored DNA repair enzyme expression. This is confirmed in vitro, where IGF2 treatment of HepG2 hepatoma cells decreases DNA repair enzyme expression and causes DNA damage. Tumors from the SKO mice also show mutational signatures consistent with homologous recombination and mismatch repair defects. Analysis of frozen human samples shows that SRSF3 protein is decreased sixfold in HCC compared to normal liver tissue but SRSF3 mRNA is increased. Looking at public TCGA data, HCC patients having high SRSF3 mRNA expression show poor survival, as do patients with alterations in known SRSF3-dependent splicing events. The results indicate that IGF2 overexpression in conjunction with reduced SRSF3 splicing activity could be a major cause of DNA damage and driver of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Manasi Das
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Alexis Oberg
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Division of Genome Information Sciences, Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Panyisha Wu
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Lily Jih
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- Division of Cancer Biology Research, Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Magda T. Langiewicz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Supriya Sen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Nicholas J. G. Webster
- Research and Development ServiceVA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA92161USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
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Gonzalez CG, Mills RH, Kordahi MC, Carrillo-Terrazas M, Secaira-Morocho H, Widjaja CE, Tsai MS, Mittal Y, Yee BA, Vargas F, Weldon K, Gauglitz JM, Delaroque C, Sauceda C, Rossitto LA, Ackermann G, Humphrey G, Swafford AD, Siegel CA, Buckey JC, Raffals LE, Sadler C, Lindholm P, Fisch KM, Valaseck M, Suriawinata A, Yeo GW, Ghosh P, Chang JT, Chu H, Dorrestein P, Zhu Q, Chassaing B, Knight R, Gonzalez DJ, Dulai PS. The Host-Microbiome Response to Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis Patients. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:35-53. [PMID: 35378331 PMCID: PMC9117812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a promising treatment for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. However, our current understanding of the host and microbial response to HBOT remains unclear. This study examined the molecular mechanisms underpinning HBOT using a multi-omic strategy. METHODS Pre- and post-intervention mucosal biopsies, tissue, and fecal samples were collected from HBOT phase 2 clinical trials. Biopsies and fecal samples were subjected to shotgun metaproteomics, metabolomics, 16s rRNA sequencing, and metagenomics. Tissue was subjected to bulk RNA sequencing and digital spatial profiling (DSP) for single-cell RNA and protein analysis, and immunohistochemistry was performed. Fecal samples were also used for colonization experiments in IL10-/- germ-free UC mouse models. RESULTS Proteomics identified negative associations between HBOT response and neutrophil azurophilic granule abundance. DSP identified an HBOT-specific reduction of neutrophil STAT3, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. HBOT decreased microbial diversity with a proportional increase in Firmicutes and a secondary bile acid lithocholic acid. A major source of the reduction in diversity was the loss of mucus-adherent taxa, resulting in increased MUC2 levels post-HBOT. Targeted database searching revealed strain-level associations between Akkermansia muciniphila and HBOT response status. Colonization of IL10-/- with stool obtained from HBOT responders resulted in lower colitis activity compared with non-responders, with no differences in STAT3 expression, suggesting complementary but independent host and microbial responses. CONCLUSIONS HBOT reduces host neutrophil STAT3 and azurophilic granule activity in UC patients and changes in microbial composition and metabolism in ways that improve colitis activity. Intestinal microbiota, especially strain level variations in A muciniphila, may contribute to HBOT non-response.
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Key Words
- bclxl, b-cell lymphoma-extra large
- bim, bcl-2 interacting protein
- dsp, digital spatial profiling
- fdr, false discovery rate
- hbot, hyperbaric oxygen therapy
- hif, hypoxia inducible factor
- il, interleukin
- lca, lithocholic acid
- mapk, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- ms, mass spectrometry
- nlrp3, nod-, lrr- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3
- roi, regions of interest
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- stat3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- tmt, tandem mass tag
- uc, ulcerative colitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Robert H. Mills
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Melissa C. Kordahi
- INSERM U1016, team “Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases”, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marvic Carrillo-Terrazas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Henry Secaira-Morocho
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona,Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Christella E. Widjaja
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Matthew S. Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Yash Mittal
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Brian A. Yee
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Fernando Vargas
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Kelly Weldon
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Julia M. Gauglitz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Clara Delaroque
- INSERM U1016, team “Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases”, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Leigh-Ana Rossitto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Gail Ackermann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Gregory Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Austin D. Swafford
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Corey A. Siegel
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jay C. Buckey
- Center for Hyperbaric Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Laura E. Raffals
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Charlotte Sadler
- Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Peter Lindholm
- Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Kathleen M. Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Mark Valaseck
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Arief Suriawinata
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Gene W. Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - John T. Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Pieter Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona,Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, team “Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases”, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Parambir S. Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California,Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Parambir S. Dulai, MD, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Arkes Pavilion, 676 North St Clair Street, 14th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60611. fax: (858) 657-5022.
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9
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Mills RH, Dulai PS, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Sauceda C, Daniel N, Gerner RR, Batachari LE, Malfavon M, Zhu Q, Weldon K, Humphrey G, Carrillo-Terrazas M, Goldasich LD, Bryant M, Raffatellu M, Quinn RA, Gewirtz AT, Chassaing B, Chu H, Sandborn WJ, Dorrestein PC, Knight R, Gonzalez DJ. Multi-omics analyses of the ulcerative colitis gut microbiome link Bacteroides vulgatus proteases with disease severity. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:262-276. [PMID: 35087228 PMCID: PMC8852248 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-01050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is driven by disruptions in host-microbiota homoeostasis, but current treatments exclusively target host inflammatory pathways. To understand how host-microbiota interactions become disrupted in UC, we collected and analysed six faecal- or serum-based omic datasets (metaproteomic, metabolomic, metagenomic, metapeptidomic and amplicon sequencing profiles of faecal samples and proteomic profiles of serum samples) from 40 UC patients at a single inflammatory bowel disease centre, as well as various clinical, endoscopic and histologic measures of disease activity. A validation cohort of 210 samples (73 UC, 117 Crohn's disease, 20 healthy controls) was collected and analysed separately and independently. Data integration across both cohorts showed that a subset of the clinically active UC patients had an overabundance of proteases that originated from the bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus. To test whether B. vulgatus proteases contribute to UC disease activity, we first profiled B. vulgatus proteases found in patients and bacterial cultures. Use of a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor improved B. vulgatus-induced barrier dysfunction in vitro, and prevented colitis in B. vulgatus monocolonized, IL10-deficient mice. Furthermore, transplantation of faeces from UC patients with a high abundance of B. vulgatus proteases into germfree mice induced colitis dependent on protease activity. These results, stemming from a multi-omics approach, improve understanding of functional microbiota alterations that drive UC and provide a resource for identifying other pathways that could be inhibited as a strategy to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Mills
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Noëmie Daniel
- INSERM U1016, team Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Romana R Gerner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Mario Malfavon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kelly Weldon
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Greg Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marvic Carrillo-Terrazas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Andrew T Gewirtz
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, team Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - William J Sandborn
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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10
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Sauceda C, Bayne C, Sudqi K, Gonzalez A, Dulai PS, Knight R, Gonzalez DJ, Gonzalez CG. Stool multi-omics for the study of host-microbe interactions in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2154092. [PMID: 36503356 PMCID: PMC9746627 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2154092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that is a growing public burden. Gut microbes and their interactions with hosts play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis and progression. These interactions are complex, spanning multiple physiological systems and data types, making comprehensive disease assessment difficult, and often overwhelming single-omic capabilities. Stool-based multi-omics is a promising approach for characterizing host-gut microbiome interactions using deep integration of technologies such as 16S rRNA sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, meta-transcriptomics, metabolomics, and metaproteomics. The wealth of information generated through multi-omic studies is poised to usher in advancements in IBD research and precision medicine. This review highlights historical and recent findings from stool-based muti-omic studies that have contributed to unraveling IBD's complexity. Finally, we discuss common pitfalls, issues, and limitations, and how future pipelines should address them to standardize multi-omics in IBD research and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Charlie Bayne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Khadijeh Sudqi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Parambir S. Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carlos G. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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11
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Campeau A, Uchiyama S, Sanchez C, Sauceda C, Nizet V, Gonzalez DJ. The S Protein of Group B Streptococcus Is a Critical Virulence Determinant That Impacts the Cell Surface Virulome. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:729308. [PMID: 34721327 PMCID: PMC8551713 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.729308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS, S. agalactiae) is a human commensal and occasional pathogen that remains a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis with increasing disease burden in adult populations. Although programs for universal screening in pregnancy to guide intrapartum prophylaxis have reduced GBS invasive disease burden resulting from mother-to-newborn transfer during birth, better knowledge of disease mechanisms may elucidate new strategies to reduce antibiotic exposure. In our efforts to expand the knowledge base required for targeted anti-virulence therapies, we identified a GBS homolog for a recently identified virulence determinant of group A Streptococcus, S protein, and evaluated its role in GBS pathogenesis. A GBS S protein deletion mutant, Δess, showed altered cell-surface properties compared to the WT parent strain, including defective retention of its surface polysaccharide. Quantitative proteome analysis of enzymatically shaved surface epitopes of the GBS Δess mutant revealed a dysregulated cell surface virulome, with reduced abundance of several protein and glycoprotein components. The Δess mutant showed markedly attenuated virulence in a murine model of GBS systemic infection, with increased proteasome activity detected in the spleens of animals infected with the Δess mutant. These results expand the key roles S protein plays in streptococcal pathogenesis and introduces a new GBS virulence determinant and potential target for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaamika Campeau
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Satoshi Uchiyama
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Concepcion Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Victor Nizet
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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12
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Das M, Ellies LG, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Oberg A, Gross E, Mandt T, Newton IG, Kaur M, Sears DD, Webster NJG. Time-restricted feeding normalizes hyperinsulinemia to inhibit breast cancer in obese postmenopausal mouse models. Nat Commun 2021; 12:565. [PMID: 33495474 PMCID: PMC7835248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20743-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that obesity with its associated metabolic dysregulation, including hyperinsulinemia and aberrant circadian rhythms, increases the risk for a variety of cancers including postmenopausal breast cancer. Caloric restriction can ameliorate the harmful metabolic effects of obesity and inhibit cancer progression but is difficult to implement and maintain outside of the clinic. In this study, we aim to test a time-restricted feeding (TRF) approach on mouse models of obesity-driven postmenopausal breast cancer. We show that TRF abrogates the obesity-enhanced mammary tumor growth in two orthotopic models in the absence of calorie restriction or weight loss. TRF also reduces breast cancer metastasis to the lung. Furthermore, TRF delays tumor initiation in a transgenic model of mammary tumorigenesis prior to the onset of obesity. Notably, TRF increases whole-body insulin sensitivity, reduces hyperinsulinemia, restores diurnal gene expression rhythms in the tumor, and attenuates tumor growth and insulin signaling. Importantly, inhibition of insulin secretion with diazoxide mimics TRF whereas artificial elevation of insulin through insulin pumps implantation reverses the effect of TRF, suggesting that TRF acts through modulating hyperinsulinemia. Our data suggest that TRF is likely to be effective in breast cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lesley G Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Oberg
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emilie Gross
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Mandt
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Isabel G Newton
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mehak Kaur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests a role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including type 2 diabetes, aging, and ovarian failure. Because of the central role of mitochondria in energy production, heme biosynthesis, calcium buffering, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis signaling within cells, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind mitochondrial dysregulation and its potential implications in disease is critical. This review will take a journey through the past and summarize what is known about mitochondrial dysfunction in various disorders, focusing on metabolic alterations and reproductive abnormalities. Evidence is presented from studies in different human populations, and rodents with genetic manipulations of pathways known to affect mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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14
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Kumar D, Das M, Sauceda C, Ellies LG, Kuo K, Parwal P, Kaur M, Jih L, Bandyopadhyay GK, Burton D, Loomba R, Osborn O, Webster NJ. Degradation of splicing factor SRSF3 contributes to progressive liver disease. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:4477-4491. [PMID: 31393851 DOI: 10.1172/jci127374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) plays a critical role in liver function and its loss promotes chronic liver damage and regeneration. As a consequence, genetic deletion of SRSF3 in hepatocytes caused progressive liver disease and ultimately led to hepatocellular carcinoma. Here we show that SRSF3 is decreased in human liver samples with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or cirrhosis that was associated with alterations in RNA splicing of known SRSF3 target genes. Hepatic SRSF3 expression was similarly decreased and RNA splicing dysregulated in mouse models of NAFLD and NASH. We showed that palmitic acid-induced oxidative stress caused conjugation of the ubiquitin like NEDD8 protein to SRSF3 and proteasome mediated degradation. SRSF3 was selectively neddylated at lysine11 and mutation of this residue (SRSF3-K11R) was sufficient to prevent both SRSF3 degradation and alterations in RNA splicing. Finally prevention of SRSF3 degradation in vivo partially protected mice from hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation. These results highlight a neddylation-dependent mechanism regulating gene expression in the liver that is disrupted in early metabolic liver disease and may contribute to the progression to NASH, cirrhosis and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine
| | | | - Consuelo Sauceda
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine
| | - Lesley G Ellies
- Department of Pathology, and.,Moores Cancer Center, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lily Jih
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Douglas Burton
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Department of Medicine.,Moores Cancer Center, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Jg Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine.,Moores Cancer Center, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
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15
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Kumar D, Sauceda C, Das M, Kuo K, Parwal P, Kaur M, Ellies L, Jih L, Webster N. MON-314 Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Drives Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Hepatocyte Srsf3 Ko Mice. J Endocr Soc 2019. [PMCID: PMC6550806 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-mon-314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and is the second highest cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Previously we demonstrated that hepatocyte-specific deletion of serine/arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3-HKO) caused spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma in aging with very high tumor expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). Elevated IGF2 has been reported in human HCC and we have also shown loss of SRSF3 occurs in human HCC, so the SRSF3HKO mouse represents a useful model for human HCC. Whether the elevated IGF2 is involved in HCC development or growth remains to be determined however. Here, we aimed to test whether IGF2 drives tumor development in the SRSF3HKO mouse by creating a double hepatocyte deletion of SRSF3 and IGF2. Methods: We generated hepatocyte specific SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice to assess the role of IGF2 in tumor growth in the SRSF3-HKO mice over 12 months. Proliferation, apoptosis, steatosis, fibrosis and tumor phenotype were assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot. We measured IGF1, Insulin, IGF2 and growth hormone levels in plasma. In addition we measured gene expression of lipid storage, oxidation, transportation, and inflammation. Results: None of the SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice developed tumors over 12 months while all SRSF3-HKO mice developed HCC. Histology of livers showed (1) nuclear morphology in the SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice resembling that of the SRSF3-HKO mice, (2) reduced fibrosis as indicated by decreased collagen staining in SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice livers at 6 and 12 month of age, (3) SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice livers have greater steatosis than SRSF3-HKO, and (4) SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice livers have lower inflammation than SRSF3-HKO. Gene expression by qRT-PCR suggested (1) higher expression of lipid synthesis and accumulation in SRSF3-IGF2-DKO livers, (2) lower levels of inflammation in SRSF3-IGF2-DKO livers. Immunohistochemistry showed more Ki67-positive staining for proliferation and also for apoptosis (TUNEL and caspase3) in SRSF3-HKO mice compared to WT and SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice. ELISA data showed the elevated levels of IGF1 and insulin in plasma of SRSF3-IGF2-DKO.We also confirmed over expression of IGF2 in human early liver diseases as has been shown in HCC. We furthermore showed that H19 expression was high in both SRSF3 HKO and SRSF3-IGF2-DKO mice livers suggesting altered epigenetic imprinting of the IGF2-H19 locus. Conclusion: IGF2 over expression is essential for HCC formation in SRSF3HKO mice. References: (1)Sen et al., Nature Communication. 2013,4:1336 (2)Sen et al., Hepatology. 2015, Jan;61(1):171-83. Sources of Research support: VA Merit Review grants I01BX000130, and NIH Grants CA196853, CA155435, CA023100, HD012303 awarded to NJW. Key Words: IGF2, SRSF3, HCC
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Manasi Das
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Karina Kuo
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Purva Parwal
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mehak Kaur
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lesley Ellies
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lily Jih
- VA San Diego Health System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas Webster
- University of California San Diego, VA Medical Research Service, VA San Diego Health System, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, United States
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16
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Das M, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Gross E, Park HT, Kaur M, Kuo K, Parwal P, Sears D, Ellies L, Newton I, Webster N. SAT-336 Time Restricted Feeding Delays Breast Cancer Initiation and Growth in a Mouse Model of Postmenopausal Obesity. J Endocr Soc 2019. [PMCID: PMC6552025 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-sat-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased dramatically in developed countries over the last three decades (Flegal et al., 2012). Numerous studies indicate that adiposity and the MetS are independent risk factors for multiple diseases including cancer, particularly postmenopausal breast cancer (Kim et al., 2018). Therefore improving the metabolic health of obese postmenopausal women may mitigate their risk for breast cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that time-restricted feeding (TRF), a form of intermittent fasting in which food intake is limited to a defined period during the normal active phase, can have a positive influence on metabolic health. Importantly, interventional studies in obese mice and small clinical studies in humans have demonstrated that TRF can improve metabolic health even though obesity is maintained (Sutton et al., 2018). Time restriction rather than calorie restriction is thus a promising method to control the negative sequelae of obesity, due to the hunger and irritability that reduces compliance with long-term calorie restriction. The objective of this study was to investigate whether TRF attenuates breast cancer in a mouse model of postmenopausal obesity and whether this effect is mediated by reducing the hyperinsulinemia associated with obesity. Methods: Ovariectomized mice were used as postmenopausal mice model. The ovariectomized mice were initially made obese by feeding 60% high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks and then grouped into a continued ad libitum group (24 h access to food) or a TRF group (8 h access to food during active phase). For an orthotopic tumor model, mice were injected with E0771 breast cancer cells into four mammary fat pads per mouse three weeks following the start of TRF. As a tumor initiation model, transgenic PyMT mice were used to assess tumor onset and growth following the same TRF or AL access to the HFD. The insulin dependency of tumor growth was studied by increasing insulinemia using an implanted insulin pump, or by reducing insulin secretion using diazoxide. Insulin effects on tumor cell proliferation and migration was further validated in vitro. Results and Conclusion: TRF had a dramatic effect, reducing tumor growth in obese mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) to levels seen in lean mice. Tumor growth and initiation was also delayed in the transgenic PyMT model of mammary tumorigenesis. Our results further suggest that the antitumor effect of TRF is at least partially mediated by reducing hyperinsulinemia, suggesting that this intervention may be effective in breast cancer prevention and therapy. References: • Flegal, K. M. et al., (2012), JAMA 307, 491-497. • Kim, N. H. et al. (2018). Dig Dis Sci 63, 3126-3133. • Sutton, E. F. et al. (2018). Cell Metab 27, 1212-1221 e1213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Deepak Kumar
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Emilie Gross
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Hyun-Tae Park
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mehak Kaur
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Karina Kuo
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Purva Parwal
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dorothy Sears
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lesley Ellies
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Isabel Newton
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas Webster
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Das M, Gross E, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Park HT, Sears DD, Ellies L, Webster N. Abstract 377: Time-restricted feeding: A dietary intervention to treat breast cancer in postmenopausal obese mice. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Abundant evidence indicates that obesity increases risk for breast cancer and the incidence further increases by 40% in obese postmenopausal women. Therefore it is envisioned by diverse research groups that the risk of breast cancer in obese postmenopausal women is an ever-increasing menace that needs to be curbed soon with effective practical strategies that could have a far-reaching impact. In this setting, time-restricted feeding (TRF), the practice of consuming ad libitum energy during the normal active phase, has been demonstrated to reinforce normal metabolic regulation, thereby attenuating obesity-driven
metabolic deregulation. Although studies have assessed the effect of TRF on metabolism, no investigations have been carried out in human or mouse exploring TRF in cancer remission. Therefore, the present work is to understand the efficacy of TRF for improved breast cancer remission in postmenopausal obese female mice. Further, the work explores the mechanistic link of TRF for reduced tumor growth.
Methods: Ovariectomized and 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) treated mice were used as a postmenopausal model. Both ovariectomized and VCD mice were made obese by feeding them with 60% high-fat diet (HFD) and then grouped into ad libitum group (24 h access to food) and TRF group (8 hr access to food at night) to assess metabolic and tumor growth effect of TRF. To develop breast tumor, mice were injected with py230 breast cancer cell line into the mammary fat pad. The metabolic effect of TRF was assessed by glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, body weight measurement, food intake, lipid accumulation in liver by HE staining and measurement of different tissue weight. Measuring the tumor volume over time and tumor weight assessed TRF effect on tumor growth. Performing a tumor growth study in mice fed with HFD and HFD containing diazoxide assessed insulin dependency of tumor growth in ad libitum group. Insulin-dependent tumor growth was validated by tumor growth study in normal chow-fed mice implanted with insulin pump or without pump (control).
Results: The preliminary studies in ovariectomized and VCD-treated postmenopausal mice suggest that restricting access to Western-style HFD in active night phase improves insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Further, TRF exhibited reduced tumor growth compared to ad libitum group. More importantly, the results from tumor growth study in mice fed with HFD with/without diazoxide or normal chow mice with/without insulin pump, suggest that the tumor growth is insulin dependent and TRF may be acting through attenuating insulin signaling.
Conclusion: Experimental and animal model data corroborate that TRF improves metabolic deregulation and reduces breast tumor growth in HFD-fed obese mice. The results suggest putative application of such therapeutic intervention for breast cancer therapy.
Citation Format: Manasi Das, Emilie Gross, Deepak Kumar, Consuelo Sauceda, Hyun-Tae Park, Dorothy D. Sears, Lesley Ellies, Nicholas Webster. Time-restricted feeding: A dietary intervention to treat breast cancer in postmenopausal obese mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Emilie Gross
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Kumar D, Das M, Sauceda C, Park H, Bandyopadhyay G, Burton DW, Webster N. Selective Neddylation facilitates proteasome‐mediated degradation of Serine Rich Splicing Factor 3 (SRSF3) in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.811.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Manasi Das
- MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA
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Das M, Gross E, Kumar D, Sauceda C, Park H, Sears D, Ellies L, Webster N. Time‐Restricted Feeding Attenuates Breast Cancer Growth in a Mouse Model of Postmenopausal Obesity. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.811.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Emilie Gross
- MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA
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Fernandez MO, Hsueh K, Park HT, Sauceda C, Hwang V, Kumar D, Kim S, Rickert E, Mahata S, Webster NJG. Astrocyte-Specific Deletion of Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor- γ Impairs Glucose Metabolism and Estrous Cycling in Female Mice. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:1332-1350. [PMID: 29264458 PMCID: PMC5686676 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in neurons do not become leptin resistant when placed on a high-fat diet (HFD). In male mice, this results in decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure, causing reduced body weight, but this difference in body weight is not observed in female mice. In addition, estrous cycles are disturbed and the ovaries present with hemorrhagic follicles. We observed that PPARγ was more highly expressed in astrocytes than neurons, so we created an inducible, conditional knockout of PPARγ in astrocytes (AKO). The AKO mice had impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic steatosis that did not worsen with HFD. Expression of gluconeogenic genes was elevated in the mouse livers, as was expression of several genes involved in lipogenesis, lipid transport, and storage. The AKO mice also had a reproductive phenotype with fewer estrous cycles, elevated plasma testosterone levels, reduced corpora lutea formation, and alterations in hypothalamic and ovarian gene expression. Thus, the phenotypes of the AKO mice were very different from those seen in the neuronal knockout mice, suggesting distinct roles for PPARγ in these two cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina O Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET. Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Katherine Hsueh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Hyun Tae Park
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 136-705, Korea
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Vicky Hwang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Sun Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Emily Rickert
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Sumana Mahata
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.,Medical Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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