1
|
Feng WW, Bang S, Takacs EM, Day C, Crawford KJ, Al-Sheyab R, Almufarrej DB, Wells W, Ilchenko S, Kasumov T, Kon N, Novak CM, Gu W, Kurokawa M. Hepatic Huwe1 loss protects mice from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through lipid metabolic rewiring. iScience 2023; 26:108405. [PMID: 38047073 PMCID: PMC10692727 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most pervasive liver pathology worldwide. Here, we demonstrate that the ubiquitin E3 ligase Huwe1 is vital in NAFLD pathogenesis. Using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we reveal that liver-specific deletion of Huwe1 (Huwe1LKO) in 1-year-old mice (approximately middle age in humans) elicits extensive lipid metabolic reprogramming that involves downregulation of de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake, upregulation of fatty acid β-oxidation, and increased oxidative phosphorylation. ChEA transcription factor prediction analysis inferred these changes result from attenuated PPARɑ, LXR, and RXR activity in Huwe1LKO livers. Consequently, Huwe1LKO mice fed chow diet exhibited significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and superior glucose tolerance compared to wild-type mice. Huwe1LKO also conferred protection from high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by 6-months of age, with increasingly robust differences observed as mice reached middle age. Together, we present evidence that Huwe1 plays a critical role in the development of age- and diet-induced NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William W. Feng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Scott Bang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Eric M. Takacs
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Cora Day
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | | | - Ruba Al-Sheyab
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Dara B. Almufarrej
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Wendy Wells
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Serguei Ilchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Ning Kon
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Colleen M. Novak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Manabu Kurokawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roxburgh A, Livingston M, Dietze P, Nielsen S, Cogger S, Bartlett M, Day C, Latimer J, Jauncey M, Clark N. The impact of COVID-19 public health measures on attendance and overdose at supervised injecting facilities in Australia. Public Health 2023; 224:90-97. [PMID: 37742585 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted service provision of harm reduction and drug treatment services for people who inject drugs in many countries. The two supervised injecting facilities (SIFs) in Sydney and Melbourne were differentially impacted by the pandemic, requiring local procedural changes in each service. We aimed to examine the impact of pandemic responses (including restrictions on movement, known as 'lockdowns') on service use and key parameters such as client reports of drug injected and recorded overdose rates. STUDY DESIGN Time series analysis of weekly client visits and monthly overdoses occurring at each service. METHODS Administrative client data from the two SIFs (Sydney data from 1 January 2018 to 30 April 2022; Melbourne data from 1 July 2018 to 30 April 2022) were examined using interrupted time series analyses with lockdown dates in each state entered as interruption terms. We analysed weekly SIF visits overall and by drug type, and monthly rates of opioid overdose at each service. RESULTS Lockdowns resulted in decreased visits to both services. The number of weekly client visits decreased during the first national lockdown for both the Sydney (trend change = -57.9; 95% CI [-109.4, -6.4]) and Melbourne SIF (near sig trend change = -54.8 [-110.8, 1.05]). Trends in visit numbers increased after lockdowns were lifted in each city; however, visits in Sydney have not returned to the numbers recorded prior to the pandemic. Visits to the Melbourne SIF related to heroin use declined at each lockdown (trend 1 = -42.7 [-81.5, -3.9]; trend 2 = -56.1 [-94.6, -17.7]; trend 3 = -33.8 [-67.4, -0.2]); heroin visits to the Sydney SIF declined during the first lockdown and remained low (trend = -55.6 [-82.8, -28.3]). Methamphetamine visits to the Sydney SIF fluctuated, surpassing heroin visits at several timepoints. Rates of monthly opioid overdoses at both services declined immediately following the start of the first lockdown (Sydney = -16.6 [-26.1, -6.8]; Melbourne = -6.4 [-8.7, -4.1]), with increasing trends recorded at the end of the final lockdown in each jurisdiction (Sydney = 2.8 [0.6, 5.0]; Melbourne = 1.3 [0.72, 3.2]). CONCLUSIONS Public health restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with reduced client visits to, and overdoses in, Australian SIFs. Variations were noted in the drugs injected, likely reflecting changes in local drug markets. Shifts to other drugs during these periods were evident: methamphetamine in Sydney; co-injection of heroin and diphenhydramine in Melbourne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Roxburgh
- Harm and Risk Reduction Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - M Livingston
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - P Dietze
- Harm and Risk Reduction Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - S Nielsen
- Harm and Risk Reduction Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Cogger
- North Richmond Community Health Medically Supervised Injecting Room, Melbourne Australia
| | - M Bartlett
- Uniting Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Day
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Uniting Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Latimer
- Uniting Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Jauncey
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Uniting Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - N Clark
- North Richmond Community Health Medically Supervised Injecting Room, Melbourne Australia; Addiction Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Day C, Van der Walt J, Crombie K, Hendrikse C, Peter J. Acute angioedema in Cape Town emergency centres and a suggested algorithm to simplify and improve management. S Afr Med J 2023; 113:51-57. [PMID: 37882115 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2023.v113i8.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angioedema is the most common acute allergic presentation to emergency centres (EC), with hospitalisation rates increasing in high-income countries. Angioedema can complicate with life-threatening laryngeal obstruction. There are no local data; therefore, we aimed to characterise acute angioedema cases presenting to ECs and develop a simple management algorithm. OBJECTIVE To characterise the clinical presentation, management and outcomes of acute angioedema cases presenting to ECs. Based on these findings, we developed a management algorithm for acute angioedema to improve the care of acute angioedema in South Africa (SA). METHODS We conducted a retrospective folder review of all patients admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital (tertiary) and Mitchells Plain District Hospital (secondary) ECs from 1 June 2018 to 31 June 2020. Using ICD-10 coding, folders of adults ≥18 years with possible angioedema presenting to the ECs were screened. An allergist extracted demographics, medical history, management and outcome data for each angioedema event. RESULTS A total of 142 acute angioedema episodes were included, with a median (interquartile range) age of 42 (28 - 58) years, and 62% of patients were female. The majority (124/142, 87%) of acute angioedema EC presentations involved swelling above the shoulders, with airway involvement in 20 (14%) patients, with two patients requiring intubation. Nineteen (13%) patients required admission, with five (26%) admitted to high care/intensive care. Drug-induced angioedema was the most common cause, with 64/142 (45%) linked to a known offending drug, 42/64 (65.6%) being angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I). Critical information to guide angioedema management, including past personal/family allergy history, and duration of angioedema prior to EC visit, was not recorded in 64.7% and 37.8% of EC records, respectively. Unnecessary treatment with corticosteroids or antihistamines occurred in 19/53 (36%) and 16/53 (30%) cases with bradykinin-mediated angioedema ACE-I angioedema and hereditary angioedema). Overall, only 36/142 (25%) of angioedema patients were connected to allergy care. CONCLUSION Angioedema is the most common allergy presentation to two ECs in Cape Town, SA. Bradykinin-mediated angioedema secondary to ACE-I therapy is the single most common offender, and was not appropriately managed in more than a third of cases. Based on these findings, we have developed a management algorithm that easily stratifies patients into bradykinin or mast cell-mediated angioedema with a step-by-step management approach that is applicable to the SA context. Ongoing awareness and education on allergy emergencies are required to ensure accurate diagnosis of less common causes of angioedema (particularly bradykinin-mediated angioedema) and linkage to allergy specialist care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Day
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J Van der Walt
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - K Crombie
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - C Hendrikse
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J Peter
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Day C, Deetlefs M, O'Brien A, Smith J, Boyd M, Embling N, Patel S, Moody K, Ramabele T, Budge A, Tarwa T, Jim O, Maharaj T, Pandy S, Abrahams JM, Panieri A, Verhage S, Van der Merwe M, Geragotellis A, Amanjee W, Joseph C, Zhao Z, Moosa S, Bunting M, Pulani Y, Mukhari P, De Paiva M, Deyi G, Wonkam RP, Mancotywa N, Dunge A, Msimanga T, Singh A, Monnaruri O, Molale B, Butler TAG, Browde K, Muller C, Van der Walt J, Whitelaw R, Cronwright D, Sinha S, Binase U, Francis I, Boakye D, Dlamini S, Mendelson M, Peter J. Self-reported beta-lactam allergy in government and private hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. S Afr Med J 2023; 113:69-74. [PMID: 36757070 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2023.v113i2.16760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to a quarter of inpatients in high-income countries (HICs) self-report beta-lactam allergy (BLA), which if incorrect,increases the use of alternative antibiotics, worsening individual health outcomes and driving bacterial resistance. In HICs, up to 95% ofself-reported BLAs are incorrect. The epidemiology of BLA in low- and middle-income African countries is unknown. OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology and de-labelling outcomes of self-reported BLA in hospitalised South African (SA) patients. METHODS Point-prevalence surveys were conducted at seven hospitals (adult, paediatric, government and privately funded, district andtertiary level) in Cape Town, SA, between April 2019 and June 2021. Ward prescription records and in-person interviews were conductedto identify and risk-stratify BLA patients using the validated PEN-FAST tool. De-labelling was attempted at the tertiary allergy clinic atGroote Schuur Hospital. RESULTS A total of 1 486 hospital inpatients were surveyed (1 166 adults and 320 children). Only 48 patients (3.2%) self-reported a BLA,with a higher rate in private than in government-funded hospitals (6.3% v. 2.8%; p=0.014). Using the PEN-FAST tool, only 10.4% (n=5/48)of self-reported BLA patients were classified as high risk for true penicillin hypersensitivity. Antibiotics were prescribed to 70.8% (n=34/48)of self-reported BLA patients, with 64.7% (n=22/34) receiving a beta-lactam. Despite three attempts to contact patients for de-labelling atthe allergy clinic, only 3/36 underwent in vivo testing, with no positive results, and 1 patient proceeded to a negative oral challenge. CONCLUSION Unlike HICs, self-reported BLA is low among inpatients in SA. The majority of those who self-reported BLA were low risk fortype 1 hypersensitivity, but outpatient de-labelling efforts were largely unsuccessful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Day
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Deetlefs
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A O'Brien
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J Smith
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Boyd
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - N Embling
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Patel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - K Moody
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Ramabele
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A Budge
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Tarwa
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - O Jim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Maharaj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Pandy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J-M Abrahams
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A Panieri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Verhage
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Van der Merwe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A Geragotellis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - W Amanjee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - C Joseph
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Z Zhao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Moosa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Bunting
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Y Pulani
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - P Mukhari
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M De Paiva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - G Deyi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - R P Wonkam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - N Mancotywa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A Dunge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Msimanga
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A Singh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - O Monnaruri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - B Molale
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T A G Butler
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - K Browde
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - C Muller
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J Van der Walt
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - R Whitelaw
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - D Cronwright
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Sinha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - U Binase
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - I Francis
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - D Boakye
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - S Dlamini
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - M Mendelson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - J Peter
- Division of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Allergy and Immunology Unit, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schwenzer JC, Day C, Giegerich T, Santucci A. Operational Tritium Inventories in the EU-DEMO Fuel Cycle. Fusion Science and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Schwenzer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C. Day
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - T. Giegerich
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A. Santucci
- ENEA, Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, Frascati, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cutrone R, Day C, Valentin-Torres A, Palmer M, Mays R, Busch S. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: MULTIPOTENT ADULT PROGENITOR CELLS MODULATE MONOCYTE/MACROPHAGE PHENOTYPE, CYTOKINE SECRETION AND FUNCTION. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
7
|
Spallino L, Angelucci M, Pasqualetti A, Battes K, Day C, Grohmann S, Majorana E, Ricci F, Cimino R. Cryogenic vacuum considerations for future gravitational wave detectors. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.062001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
8
|
Siviero F, Caruso L, Mura M, Maccallini E, Manini P, Sartori E, Siragusa M, Hanke S, Day C, Sonato P. Robustness of ZAO based NEG pump solutions for fusion applications. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Cismondi F, Spagnuolo G, Boccaccini L, Chiovaro P, Ciattaglia S, Cristescu I, Day C, Del Nevo A, Di Maio P, Federici G, Hernandez F, Moreno C, Moscato I, Pereslavtsev P, Rapisarda D, Santucci A, Utili M. Progress of the conceptual design of the European DEMO breeding blanket, tritium extraction and coolant purification systems. Fusion Engineering and Design 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.111640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Du Plooy N, Day C, Manning K, Abdullah F, James K, Grace L, Vorajee N, April C, Peter J, Raubenheimer PJ. Prevalence and outcome of delirium among acute general medical inpatients in Cape Town, South Africa. S Afr Med J 2020; 110:519-524. [PMID: 32880565 DOI: 10.7196/samj.2020.v110i6.14363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delirium is a common, serious, underdiagnosed condition in medical and surgical inpatients with acute conditions. It is associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Data of geriatric cohorts are largely limited to developed countries. OBJECTIVES To describe prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of delirium among general medical patients admitted to two hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of patients with acute conditions admitted to a general medical inpatient service in secondary- and tertiary-level public hospitals in the Metro West area of Cape Town. Patients ≥18 years of age were recruited daily from all acute medical admissions. Patients were excluded if they were aphasic or their Glasgow coma scale was <8/15. Delirium was diagnosed using the validated confusion assessment method (CAM) tool and performed by trained neuropsychologists. Demographic data were collected by a clinical team and short- and long-term mortality data were obtained using linkage analysis of hospitalised patients and routinely collected provincial death certification records. RESULTS The median age of inpatients was 51 (interquartile range 36 - 65) years, 29% were HIV-infected and the overall prevalence of delirium was 12.3%. Multivariate predictors of delirium included the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter (odds ratio (OR) 4.47; confidence interval (CI) 2.43 - 8.23), admission with a central nervous system disease (OR 4.34; CI 2.79 - 7.90), pre-existing cognitive impairment (OR 3.02; CI 1.22 - 7.43) and immobility (OR 1.88; CI 1.01 - 3.51). HIV infection was not associated with increased risk of delirium. Delirium was associated with an increased risk of inhospital (delirium v. no delirium: 29% v. 12%; p<0.01) and 12-month (30% v. 20%; p<0.01) mortality, as well as increased length of hospital stay (7 days v. 5 days; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of medical inpatients (relatively young and with a high HIV prevalence) 1 of 8 (12.3%) patients was delirious. Delirium was associated with adverse outcomes. Delirium risk factors in this young cohort were similar to those in geriatric cohorts in developed countries, and neither HIV nor opportunistic infections increased risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Du Plooy
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Neugebauer C, Hörstensmeyer Y, Day C. Technology Development for Isotope Rebalancing and Protium Removal in the EU-DEMO Fuel Cycle. Fusion Science and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2019.1704139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyra Neugebauer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Y. Hörstensmeyer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - C. Day
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Giegerich T, Battes K, Schwenzer J, Day C. Development of a viable route for lithium-6 supply of DEMO and future fusion power plants. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
13
|
Siragusa M, Sonato P, Visentin M, Mura M, Siviero F, Viale L, Maccallini E, Day C, Hanke S, Sartori E. Conceptual design of scalable vacuum pump to validate sintered getter technology for future NBI application. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
14
|
Siviero F, Caruso L, Porcelli T, Mura M, Maccallini E, Manini P, Sartori E, Siragusa M, Day C, Sonato P. Characterization of ZAO® sintered getter material for use in fusion applications. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
15
|
Rose L, Cresta E, Day C, Dakpoe F, O’Flynn J, Segaran E. Audit of enteral nutrition provision during citrate anticoagulation of continuous renal replacement therapy in the intensive care units. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Federici G, Bachmann C, Barucca L, Biel W, Boccaccini L, Brown R, Bustreo C, Ciattaglia S, Cismondi F, Coleman M, Corato V, Day C, Diegele E, Fischer U, Franke T, Gliss C, Ibarra A, Kembleton R, Loving A, Maviglia F, Meszaros B, Pintsuk G, Taylor N, Tran M, Vorpahl C, Wenninger R, You J. DEMO design activity in Europe: Progress and updates. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
17
|
Sartorius B, Sartorius K, Taylor M, Aagaard-Hansen J, Dukhi N, Day C, Ndlovu N, Slotow R, Hofman K. Rapidly increasing body mass index among children, adolescents and young adults in a transitioning population, South Africa, 2008-15. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:2099. [PMID: 30376046 PMCID: PMC6280934 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
|
18
|
Day C, Middleton D, Loibl S. Application of CDK4/6 inhibitors in practice: Effect of online education on clinician competence and confidence. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy272.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
19
|
Day C, Søpstad S, Ma H, Jiang C, Nathan A, Elliott SR, Karet Frankl FE, Hutter T. Impedance-based sensor for potassium ions. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1034:39-45. [PMID: 30193638 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A conductometric sensor for potassium ions in solution is presented. Interdigitated, planar gold electrodes were coated with a potassium-selective polymer membrane composed of a poly(vinyl chloride) matrix with about 65 wt% of plasticiser and 2-5 wt% of a potassium-selective ionophore. The impedance of the membrane was measured, using the electrodes as a transducer, and related to the concentration of potassium in a sample solution in contact with the membrane. Sensitivity was optimised by varying the sensor components, and selectivity for potassium over sodium was also shown. The resulting devices are compact, miniature, robust sensors which, by means of impedance measurements, eliminate the need for a reference electrode. The sensor was tested for potassium concentration changes of 2 mM across the clinically relevant range of 2.7-18.7 mM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - S Søpstad
- Institute for Microsystems, University College of Southeast Norway, N-3184, Borre, Norway; Zimmer & Peacock AS, N-3183, Horten, Norway.
| | - H Ma
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
| | - C Jiang
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
| | - A Nathan
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, United Kingdom.
| | - S R Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| | - F E Karet Frankl
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom.
| | - T Hutter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fisher G, Guerra W, Day C, Montagut C. Optimizing the use of EGFR antibodies across the continuum of care in mCRC: Effect of online education on clinician knowledge, competence and confidence. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
21
|
Fisher G, Guerra W, Day C, Ducreux M. Treatment based on tumor sidedness in mCRC: Effect of online education on clinician knowledge, competence and confidence. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
22
|
Sartorius B, Sartorius K, Taylor M, Aagaard-Hansen J, Dukhi N, Day C, Ndlovu N, Slotow R, Hofman K. Rapidly increasing body mass index among children, adolescents and young adults in a transitioning population, South Africa, 2008-15. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:942-952. [PMID: 29253189 PMCID: PMC6005035 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a global epidemic of overweight and obesity; however, this rate of increase is even greater in some low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). South Africa (SA) is undergoing rapid socioeconomic and demographic changes that have triggered a rapid nutrition transition. The paper focuses on the recent rate of change of body mass index (BMI) among children, adolescents and young adults, further stratified by key sociodemographic factors. Methods We analysed mean BMI of 28 247 individuals (including children) from 7301 households by age and year, from anthropometric data from four national cross-sectional (repeated panel) surveys using non-linear fitted curves and associated 95% confidence intervals. Results From 2008 to 2015, there was rapid rise in mean BMI in the 6-25 age band, with the highest risk (3-4+ BMI unit increase) among children aged 8-10 years. The increase was largely among females in urban areas and of middle-high socioeconomic standing. Prominent gains were also observed in certain rural areas, with extensive geographical heterogeneity across the country. Conclusions We have demonstrated a major deviation from the current understanding of patterns of BMI increase, with a rate of increase substantially greater in the developing world context compared with the global pattern. This population-wide effect will have major consequences for national development as the epidemic of related non-communicable disease unfolds, and will overtax the national health care budget. Our refined understanding highlights that risks are further compounded for certain groups/places, and emphasizes that urgent geographical and population-targeted interventions are necessary. These interventions could include a sugar tax, clearer food labelling, revised school feeding programmes and mandatory bans on unhealthy food marketing to children.The scenario unfolding in South Africa will likely be followed in other LMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sartorius
- Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - K Sartorius
- Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Faculty of Commerce, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M Taylor
- Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - J Aagaard-Hansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark, and MRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - N Dukhi
- Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - C Day
- Health Systems Trust, Westville, South Africa
| | - N Ndlovu
- Health Systems Trust, Westville, South Africa
| | - R Slotow
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - K Hofman
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rauck C, Perez-Guijarro E, Day C, Merlino G. 105 Assessing CEACAM1 blockade as a therapeutic strategy using a CRISPR-Cas9-based mouse melanoma model. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
24
|
Fisher G, Middleton D, Day C, Harbeck N. Application of CDK4/6 inhibitors in advanced breast cancer: Effect of online education on clinician knowledge, competence and confidence. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
25
|
Fisher G, Middleton D, Day C, Andre F. Predictive biomarkers for CDK4/6 inhibitors: Effect of online education on clinician knowledge. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30534-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
26
|
Fisher G, Middleton D, Day C, Di Leo A. Management of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer with CDK4/6 inhibitors: Effect of online education on clinician knowledge, competence and confidence. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
27
|
Abstract
Introduction: Home haemodialysis has been advocated due to improved quality of life. However, there are very little data on the optimum vascular access for it. Method: A retrospective cohort study was carried on all patients who initiated home haemodialysis between 2011 and 2016 at a large university hospital. Access-related hospital admissions and interventions were used as primary outcome measures. Results: Our cohort consisted of 74 patients. On initiation of home haemodialysis, 62 individuals were using an arteriovenous fistula as vascular access, while the remaining were on a tunnelled dialysis catheter. Of the 12 patients who started on a tunnelled dialysis catheter, 5 were subsequently converted to either an arteriovenous fistula ( n = 4) or an arteriovenous graft ( n = 1). During the period of home haemodialysis use, four arteriovenous fistula failed or thrombosed with patients continuing on home haemodialysis using an arteriovenous graft ( n = 3) or a tunnelled dialysis catheter ( n = 1). To maintain uninterrupted home haemodialysis, interventional rates were 0.32 per arteriovenous fistula/arteriovenous graft access-year and 0.4 per tunnelled dialysis catheter access-year. Hospital admission rates for patients on home haemodialysis were 0.33 per patient-year. Conclusion: Our study has shown that home haemodialysis can be safely and independently performed at home within a closely managed home haemodialysis programme. The authors also advocate the use of arteriovenous fistulas for this cohort of patients due to both low complication and intervention rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Day
- Department of Renal Medicine, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Inston
- Department of Renal Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao E, SoRelle J, Jiao R, Veazey J, Day C, Day P, Pagels P, Gimpel N. 159 Effects of Cross-sex Hormone Therapy on Laboratory Values in Female-to-male Transgender Patients. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Barrows M, Killick R, Day C, Saunders R, Baiker K, Ressel L, Denk D. Neuroaxonal Dystrophy in a Flock of Pied Imperial Pigeons (Ducula bicolor). J Comp Pathol 2017; 156:451-457. [PMID: 28391972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Five juvenile pied imperial pigeons (Ducula bicolor) presented with neurological signs including torticollis, ataxia and poor flying ability. All were humanely destroyed and submitted for post-mortem examination. Microscopically, the most significant findings were in the brain and spinal cord. Spheroid formation was evident within the medulla, pons, diencephalon, cortical grey and subcortical white matter, spinal cord white and grey matter and the granular and molecular cell layers of the cerebellum. There was no evidence of associated inflammation. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive labelling within the spheroids for S100 axons and phosphorylated neurofilaments including SMI31, neurofilament cocktail and microtubule-associated protein 2. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the light microscopical findings of frequent axonal spheroids. These results are consistent with neuroaxonal dystrophy, which has not been described previously in pigeons. This highlights the importance of considering neuroaxonal dystrophy in juvenile birds with neurological signs. A genetic basis is suspected in this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Barrows
- Bristol Zoological Society, Clifton, Bristol, UK.
| | - R Killick
- Bristol Zoological Society, Clifton, Bristol, UK
| | - C Day
- Bristol Zoological Society, Clifton, Bristol, UK
| | - R Saunders
- Bristol Zoological Society, Clifton, Bristol, UK
| | - K Baiker
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - L Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Infection and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| | - D Denk
- International Zoo Veterinary Group Pathology, Station House, Parkwood Street, Keighley, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Karavana V, Smith I, Kanellis G, Sigala I, Kinsella T, Zakynthinos S, Liu L, Chen J, Zhang X, Liu A, Guo F, Liu S, Yang Y, Qiu H, Grimaldi DG, Kaya E, Acicbe O, Kayaalp I, Asar S, Dogan M, Eren G, Hergunsel O, Pavelescu D, Grintescu I, Mirea L, Guanziroli M, Gotti M, Marino A, Cressoni M, Vergani G, Chiurazzi C, Chiumello D, Gattinoni L, Guanziroli M, Gotti M, Vergani G, Cressoni M, Chiurazzi C, Marino A, Spano S, Chiumello D, Gattinoni L, Guanziroli M, Gotti M, Vergani G, Marino A, Cressoni M, Chiurazzi C, Chiumello D, Gattinoni L, Massaro F, Moustakas A, Johansson S, Larsson A, Perchiazzi G, Zhang XW, Guo FM, Chen JX, Xue M, Yang Y, Qiu HB, Chen JX, Liu L, Yang L, Zhang XW, Guo FM, Yang Y, Qiu HB, Fister M, Knafelj R, Suzer MA, Kavlak ME, Atalan HK, Gucyetmez B, Cakar N, Weller D, Grootendorst AF, Dijkstra A, Kuijper TM, Cleffken BI, Regli A, De Keulenaer B, Van Heerden P, Hadfield D, Hopkins PA, Penhaligon B, Reid F, Hart N, Rafferty GF, Grasselli G, Mauri T, Lazzeri M, Carlesso E, Cambiaghi B, Eronia N, Maffezzini E, Bronco A, Abbruzzese C, Rossi N, Foti G, Bellani G, Pesenti A, Bassi GL, Panigada M, Ranzani O, Kolobow T, Zanella A, Cressoni M, Berra L, Parrini V, Kandil H, Salati G, Livigni S, Livigni S, Amatu A, Girardis M, Barbagallo M, Moise G, Mercurio G, Costa A, Vezzani A, Lindau S, Babel J, Cavana M, Torres A, Panigada M, Bassi GL, Ranzani OT, Kolobow T, Zanella A, Cressoni M, Berra L, Parrini V, Kandil H, Salati G, Livigni S, Amatu A, Girardis M, Barbagallo M, Moise G, Mercurio G, Costa A, Vezzani A, Lindau S, Babel J, Cavana M, Torres A, Umbrello M, Taverna M, Formenti P, Mistraletti G, Vetrone F, Marino A, Vergani G, Baisi A, Chiumello D, Garnero AG, Novotni DN, Arnal JA, Urner M, Fan E, Dres M, Vorona S, Brochard L, Ferguson ND, Goligher EC, Leung C, Joynt G, Wong W, Lee A, Gomersall C, Poels S, Casaer M, Schetz M, Van den Berghe G, Meyfroidt G, Holzgraefe B, Von Kobyletzki LB, Larsson A, Cianchi G, Becherucci F, Batacchi S, Cozzolino M, Franchi F, Di Valvasone S, Ferraro MC, Peris A, Phiphitthanaban H, Wacharasint P, Wongsrichanalai V, Lertamornpong A, Pengpinij O, Wattanathum A, Oer-areemitr N, Boddi M, Cianchi G, Cappellini E, Ciapetti M, Batacchi S, Di Lascio G, Bonizzoli M, Cozzolino M, Peris A, Lazzeri C, Cianchi G, Bonizzoli M, Di Lascio G, Cozzolino M, Peris A, Katsin ML, Hurava MY, Dzyadzko AM, Hermann A, Schellongowski P, Bojic A, Riss K, Robak O, Lamm W, Sperr W, Staudinger T, Buoninsegni LT, Bonizzoli M, Cozzolino M, Parodo J, Ottaviano A, Cecci L, Corsi E, Ricca V, Peris A, de Garibay APR, Ende-Schneider B, Schreiber C, Kreymann B, Turani F, Resta M, Niro D, Castaldi P, Boscolo G, Gonsales G, Martini S, Belli A, Zamidei L, Falco M, Lamas T, Mendes J, Galazzi A, Mauri T, Benco B, Binda F, Masciopinto L, Lazzeri M, Carlesso E, Lissoni A, Grasselli G, Adamini I, Pesenti A, Thamjamrassri T, Watcharotayangul J, Numthavaj P, Kongsareepong S, Higuera J, Cabestrero D, Rey L, Narváez G, Blandino A, Aroca M, Saéz S, De Pablo R, Mohamed A, Sklar M, Munshi L, Mauri T, Lazzeri M, Alban L, Turrini C, Panigada M, Taccone P, Carlesso E, Marenghi C, Spadaro S, Grasselli G, Volta C, Pesenti A, Higuera J, Alonso DC, Blandino A, Narváez G, González LR, Aroca M, Saéz S, De Pablo R, Franci A, Stocchi G, Cappuccini G, Socci F, Cozzolino M, Guetti C, Rastrelli P, Peris A, Nestorowicz A, Glapinski J, Fijalkowska-Nestorowicz A, Wosko J, Fijalkowska-Nestorowicz A, Glapinski J, Wosko J, Duprez F, Bonus T, Cuvelier G, Mashayekhi S, Ollieuz S, Reychler G, Bonus T, Duprez F, Cuvelier G, Mashayekhi S, Ollieuz S, Reychler G, Kuchyn I, Bielka K, Sergienko A, Jones H, Day C, Park SC, Yeom SR, Myatra SN, Gupta S, Rajnala V, Divatia J, Silva JV, Olvera OA, Schulte RC, Bermudez MC, Zorrilla LP, Ferretis HL, García KT, Balciuniene N, Ramsaite J, Kriukelyte O, Krikscionaitiene A, Tamosuitis T, Terragni P, Brazzi L, Falco D, Pistidda L, Magni G, Bartoletti L, Mascia L, Filippini C, Ranieri V, Kyriakoudi A, Rovina N, Koltsida O, Konstantellou E, Kardara M, Kostakou E, Gavriilidis G, Vasileiadis I, Koulouris N, Koutsoukou A, Van Snippenburg W, Kröner A, Flim M, Buise M, Hemler R, Spronk P, Regli A, Noffsinger B, De Keulenaer B, Singh B, Hockings L, Van Heerden P, Spina C, Bronco A, Magni F, Di Giambattista C, Vargiolu A, Bellani G, Foti G, Citerio G, Scaramuzzo G, Spadaro S, Waldmann AD, Böhm SH, Ragazzi R, Volta CA, Heines SJ, Strauch U, Van de Poll MC, Roekaerts PM, Bergmans DC, Sosio S, Gatti S, Maffezzini E, Punzi V, Asta A, Foti G, Bellani G, Glapinski J, Mroczka J, Nestorowicz A, Fijalkowska-Nestorowicz A, Yaroshetskiy AI, Rezepov NA, Mandel IA, Gelfand BR, Ozen E, Karakoc E, Ayyildiz A, Kara S, Ekemen S, Yelken BB, Saasouh W, Freeman J, Turan A, Hajjej Z, Sellami W, Bousselmi M, Samoud W, Gharsallah H, Labbene I, Ferjani M, Vetrugno L, Barbariol F, Forfori F, Regeni I, Della Rocca G, Jansen D, Jonkman A, Doorduin J, Roesthuis L, Van der Hoeven J, Heunks L, Marocco SA, Bottiroli M, Pinciroli R, Galanti V, Calini A, Gagliardone M, Bellani G, Fumagalli R, Gatti S, Abbruzzese C, Ippolito D, Sala VL, Meroni V, Bronco A, Foti G, Bellani G, Elbanna M, Nassar Y, Abdelmohsen A, Yahia M, Mongodi S, Mojoli F, Via G, Tavazzi G, Fava F, Pozzi M, Iotti GA, Bouhemad B, Ruiz-Ferron F, Simón JS, Gordillo-Resina M, Chica-Saez V, Garcia MR, Vela-Colmenero R, Redondo-Orts M, Gontijo-Coutinho C, Ozahata T, Nocera P, Franci D, Santos T, Carvalho-Filho M, Fochi O, Gatti S, Nacoti M, Signori D, Bronco A, Bonacina D, Bellani G, Bonanomi E, Mongodi S, Bonvecchio E, Stella A, Roldi E, Orlando A, Luperto M, Bouhemad B, Iotti GA, Mojoli F, Trunfio D, Licitra G, Martinelli R, Vannini D, Giuliano G, Vetrugno L, Forfori F, Näslund E, Lindberg LG, Lund I, Larsson A, Frithiof R, Nichols A, Freeman J, Pentakota S, Kodali B, Pranskunas A, Kiudulaite I, Simkiene J, Damanskyte D, Pranskuniene Z, Arstikyte J, Vaitkaitis D, Pilvinis V, Brazaitis M, Pool R, Haugaa H, Botero A, Escobar D, Maberry D, Tønnessen T, Zuckerbraun B, Pinsky M, Gomez H, Lyons H, Trimmings A, Domizi R, Scorcella C, Damiani E, Pierantozzi S, Tondi S, Monaldi V, Carletti A, Zuccari S, Adrario E, Pelaia P, Donati A, Kazune S, Grabovskis A, Volceka K, Rubins U, Bol M, Suverein M, Delnoij T, Driessen R, Heines S, Delhaas T, Vd Poll M, Sels J, Jozwiak M, Chambaz M, Sentenac P, Richard C, Monnet X, Teboul JL, Bitar Z, Maadarani O, Al Hamdan R, Huber W, Malbrain M, Chew M, Mallat J, Tagami T, Hundeshagen S, Wolf S, Huber W, Mair S, Schmid R, Aron J, Adlam M, Dua G, Mu L, Chen L, Yoon J, Clermont G, Dubrawski A, Duhailib Z, Al Assas K, Shafquat A, Salahuddin N, Donaghy J, Morgan P, Valeanu L, Stefan M, Provenchere S, Longrois D, Shaw A, Mythen MG, Shook D, Hayashida D, Zhang X, Munson SH, Sawyer A, Mariyaselvam M, Blunt M, Young P, Nakwan N, Khwannimit B, Checharoen P, Berger D, Moller P, Bloechlinger S, Bloch A, Jakob S, Takala J, Van den Brule JM, Stolk R, Vinke E, Van Loon LM, Pickkers P, Van der Hoeven JG, Kox M, Hoedemaekers CW, Werner-Moller P, Jakob S, Takala J, Berger D, Bertini P, Guarracino F, Colosimo D, Gonnella S, Brizzi G, Mancino G, Baldassarri R, Pinsky MR, Bertini P, Gonnella S, Brizzi G, Mancino G, Amitrano D, Guarracino F, Goslar T, Stajer D, Radsel P, De Vos R, Dijk NBV, Stringari G, Cogo G, Devigili A, Graziadei MC, Bresadola E, Lubli P, Amella S, Marani F, Polati E, Gottin L, Colinas L, Hernández G, Vicho R, Serna M, Canabal A, Cuena R, Jozwiak M, Gimenez J, Teboul JL, Mercado P, Depret F, Richard C, Monnet X, Hajjej Z, Sellami W, Sassi K, Gharsallah H, Labbene I, Ferjani M, Herner A, Schmid R, Huber W, Abded N, Nassar Y, Elghonemi M, Monir A, Nikhilesh J, Apurv T, Uber AU, Grossestreuer A, Moskowitz A, Patel P, Holmberg MJ, Donnino MW, Graham CA, Hung K, Lo R, Leung LY, Lee KH, Yeung CY, Chan SY, Trembach N, Zabolotskikh I, Caldas J, Panerai R, Camara L, Ferreira G, Almeida J, de Oliveira GQ, Jardim J, Bor-Seng-Shu E, Lima M, Nogueira R, Jatene F, Zeferino S, Galas F, Robinson T, Hajjar LA, Caldas J, Panerai R, Ferreira G, Camara L, Zeferino S, Jardim J, Bor-Seng-Shu E, Oliveira M, Norgueira R, Groehs R, Ferreira-Santos L, Galas F, Oliveira G, Almeida J, Robinson T, Jatene F, Hajjar L, Ferreira G, Ribeiro J, Galas F, Gaiotto F, Lisboa L, Fukushima J, Rizk S, Almeida J, Jatene F, Osawa E, Franco R, Kalil R, Hajjar L, Chlabicz M, Sobkowicz B, Kaminski K, Kazimierczyk R, Musial W, Tycińska A, Siranovic M, Gopcevic A, Gavranovic ZG, Horvat AH, Krolo H, Rode B, Videc L, Trifi A, Abdellatif S, Ismail KB, Bouattour A, Daly F, Nasri R, Lakhal SB, Beurton A, Teboul JL, Girotto V, Galarza L, Richard C, Monnet X, Beurton A, Teboul JL, Girotto V, Galarza L, Richard C, Monnet X, Girotto V, Teboul JL, Beurton A, Galarza L, Guedj T, Monnet X, Galarza L, Mercado P, Teboul JL, Girotto V, Beurton A, Richard C, Monnet X, Iliæ MK, Sakic L, NN V, Stojcic L, Jozwiak M, Depret F, Teboul JL, Alphonsine J, Lai C, Richard C, Monnet X, Tapanwong N, Chuntupama P, Wacharasint P, Huber W, Hoellthaler J, Lahmer T, Schmid R, Latham H, Bengtson CD, Satterwhite L, Stites M, Simpson SQ, Latham H, Bengtson CD, Satterwhite L, Stites M, Simpson SQ, Skladzien T, Cicio M, Garlicki J, Serednicki W, Wordliczek J, Vargas P, Salazar A, Mercado P, Espinoza M, Graf J, Kongpolprom N, Sanguanwong N, Jonnada S, Gerrard C, Jones N, Morley T, Thorburn PT, Trimmings A, Musaeva T, Zabolotskikh I, Salazar A, Vargas P, Mercado P, Espinoza M, Graf J, Horst S, Lipcsey M, Kawati R, Pikwer A, Rasmusson J, Castegren M, Shilova A, Yafarova A, Gilyarov M, Shilova A, Yafarova A, Gilyarov M, Stojiljkovic DLL, Ulici A, Reidt S, Lam T, Jancik J, Ragab D, Taema K, Farouk W, Saad M, Liu X, Holmberg MJ, Uber A, Montissol S, Donnino M, Andersen LW, Perlikos F, Lagiou M, Papalois A, Kroupis C, Toumpoulis I, Osawa E, Carter D, Sardo S, Almeida J, Galas F, Rizk S, Franco R, Hajjar L, Landoni G, Kongsayreepong S, Sungsiri R, Wongsripunetit P, Marchio P, Guerra-Ojeda S, Gimeno-Raga M, Mauricio MD, Valles SL, Aldasoro C, Jorda A, Aldasoro M, Vila JM, Borg UB, Neitenbach AM, García M, González PG, Romero MG, Orduña PS, Cano AG, Rhodes A, Grounds RM, Cecconi M, Lee C, Hatib F, Jian Z, Rinehart J, De Los Santos J, Canales C, Cannesson M, García MIM, Hatib F, Jian Z, Scheeren T, Jian Z, Hatib F, Pinsky M, Chantziara V, Vassi A, Michaloudis G, Sanidas E, Golemati S, Bateman RM, Mokhtar A, Omar W, Aziz KA, El Azizy H, Nielsen DLL, Holler JG, Lassen A, Eriksson M, Strandberg G, Lipcsey M, Larsson A, Capoletto C, Almeida J, Ferreira G, Fukushima J, Nakamura R, Risk S, Osawa E, Park C, Oliveira G, Galas F, Franco R, Hajjar L, Dias F, D’Arrigo N, Fortuna F, Redaelli S, Zerman L, Becker L, Serrano T, Cotes L, Ramos F, Fadel L, Coelho F, Mendes C, Real J, Pedron B, Kuroki M, Costa E, Azevedo L. 37th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (part 1 of 3). Crit Care 2017. [PMCID: PMC5374603 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
32
|
Osman W, Shabli S, Khan S, Watson N, Day C, Giridharan S, Pittius D, Haris M. 14: Superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) syndrome caused by a ball like endovascular metastatic small cell lung cancer mass: A case report. Lung Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(17)30064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
33
|
Federici G, Bachmann C, Biel W, Boccaccini L, Cismondi F, Ciattaglia S, Coleman M, Day C, Diegele E, Franke T, Grattarola M, Hurzlmeier H, Ibarra A, Loving A, Maviglia F, Meszaros B, Morlock C, Rieth M, Shannon M, Taylor N, Tran M, You J, Wenninger R, Zani L. Overview of the design approach and prioritization of R&D activities towards an EU DEMO. Fusion Engineering and Design 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
34
|
Munteanu M, Tiniakos D, Anstee Q, Charlotte F, Marchesini G, Bugianesi E, Trauner M, Romero Gomez M, Oliveira C, Day C, Dufour J, Bellentani S, Ngo Y, Traussnig S, Perazzo H, Deckmyn O, Bedossa P, Ratziu V, Poynard T. Diagnostic performance of FibroTest, SteatoTest and ActiTest in patients with NAFLD using the SAF score as histological reference. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:877-89. [PMID: 27549244 PMCID: PMC5113673 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood tests of liver injury are less well validated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. AIMS To improve the validation of three blood tests used in NAFLD patients, FibroTest for fibrosis staging, SteatoTest for steatosis grading and ActiTest for inflammation activity grading. METHODS We pre-included new NAFLD patients with biopsy and blood tests from a single-centre cohort (FibroFrance) and from the multicentre FLIP consortium. Contemporaneous biopsies were blindly assessed using the new steatosis, activity and fibrosis (SAF) score, which provides a reliable and reproducible diagnosis and grading/staging of the three elementary features of NAFLD (steatosis, inflammatory activity) and fibrosis with reduced interobserver variability. We used nonbinary-ROC (NonBinAUROC) as the main endpoint to prevent spectrum effect and multiple testing. RESULTS A total of 600 patients with reliable tests and biopsies were included. The mean NonBinAUROCs (95% CI) of tests were all significant (P < 0.0001): 0.878 (0.864-0.892) for FibroTest and fibrosis stages, 0.846 (0.830-0.862) for ActiTest and activity grades, and 0.822 (0.804-0.840) for SteatoTest and steatosis grades. FibroTest had a higher NonBinAUROC than BARD (0.836; 0.820-0.852; P = 0.0001), FIB4 (0.845; 0.829-0.861; P = 0.007) but not significantly different than the NAFLD score (0.866; 0.850-0.882; P = 0.26). FibroTest had a significant difference in median values between adjacent stage F2 and stage F1 contrarily to BARD, FIB4 and NAFLD scores (Bonferroni test P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In patients with NAFLD, SteatoTest, ActiTest and FibroTest are non-invasive tests that offer an alternative to biopsy, and they correlate with the simple grading/staging of the SAF scoring system across the three elementary features of NAFLD: steatosis, inflammatory activity and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Tiniakos
- Liver Research GroupInstitute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle‐upon‐TyneUK,Laboratory of Histology & EmbryologyMedical SchoolNational & Kapodistrian University of AthensGreece
| | - Q. Anstee
- Liver Research GroupInstitute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle‐upon‐TyneUK
| | - F. Charlotte
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière APHPSorbonne UniversitésUPMC Univ Paris 06INSERM, UMR_S 938 & Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN)ParisFrance
| | | | | | - M. Trauner
- Medizinischen Universitaet WienViennaAustria
| | | | - C. Oliveira
- Department of Gastroenterology (LIM‐07)University of São Paulo School of MedicineSão PauloBrazil
| | - C. Day
- Liver Research GroupInstitute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityNewcastle‐upon‐TyneUK
| | | | - S. Bellentani
- GastroenterologiaAzienda USL di Modena Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | | | | | | | | | - P. Bedossa
- Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Parishôpital BeaujonUniversity Paris‐DiderotParisFrance
| | - V. Ratziu
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière APHPSorbonne UniversitésUPMC Univ Paris 06INSERM, UMR_S 938 & Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN)ParisFrance
| | - T. Poynard
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière APHPSorbonne UniversitésUPMC Univ Paris 06INSERM, UMR_S 938 & Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN)ParisFrance
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Barigye R, Davis S, Hunt R, Hunt N, Walsh S, Elliott N, Burnup C, Aumann S, Day C, Dyrting K, Weir R, Melville LF. Viral neurotropism, peripheral neuropathy and other morphological abnormalities in bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle. Aust Vet J 2016; 94:362-70. [PMID: 27671080 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the neurotropism of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus (BEFV) and described histomorphological abnormalities of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that may causally contribute to paresis or paralysis in BEF. METHODS Four paralysed and six asymptomatic but virus-infected cattle were monitored, and blood and serum samples screened by qRT-PCR, virus isolation and neutralisation tests. Fresh brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve and other tissues were qRT-PCR-tested for viral RNA, while formalin-fixed specimens were processed routinely and immunohistochemically evaluated for histomorphological abnormalities and viral antigen distribution, respectively. RESULTS The neurotropism of BEFV was immunohistochemically confirmed in the brain and peripheral nerves and peripheral neuropathy was demonstrated in three paralysed but not the six aneurological but virus-infected animals. Wallerian degeneration (WD) was present in the ventral funicular white matter of the lumbar spinal cord of a paralysed steer and in cervical and thoracic spinal cord segments of three paralysed animals. Although no spinal cord lesions were seen in the steer euthanased within 7 days of illness, peripheral neuropathy was present and more severe in nerves of the brachial plexuses than in the gluteal or fibular nerves. The only steer with WD in the lumbar spinal cord also showed intrahistiocytic cell viral antigen that was spatially distributed within areas of moderate brain stem encephalitis. CONCLUSION The data confirmed neurotropism of BEFV in cattle and documented histomorphological abnormalities in peripheral nerves and brain which, together with spinal cord lesions, may contribute to chronic paralysis in BEFV-infected downer cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Barigye
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia. ,
| | - S Davis
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - R Hunt
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - N Hunt
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - S Walsh
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - N Elliott
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - C Burnup
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - S Aumann
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - C Day
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - K Dyrting
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - R Weir
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| | - L F Melville
- Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peer-led interventions are increasingly common in community health settings. Although peer-led approaches have proven benefits for service users, relatively little is known about the process and outcomes of participation for peer leaders. This study investigated experiences of parents who had participated as 'peer facilitators' in Empowering Parents, Empowering Communities (EPEC), a peer-led programme designed to improve access to evidence-based parenting support in socially disadvantaged communities. METHOD A qualitative cross-sectional design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 peer facilitators and scrutinized using thematic analysis. RESULTS Peer facilitators developed their knowledge and skills through personal experience of receiving parenting support, participation in formal training and supervised practice, access to an intervention manual, and peer modelling. Peer facilitators described positive changes in their own families, confidence and social status. Transformative personal gains reinforced peer facilitators' role commitment and contributed to a cohesive 'family' identity among EPEC staff and service users. Peer facilitators' enthusiasm, openness and mutual identification with families were seen as critical to EPEC's effectiveness and sustainability. Peer facilitators also found the training emotionally and intellectually demanding. There were particular difficulties around logistical issues (e.g. finding convenient supervision times), managing psychosocial complexity and child safeguarding. CONCLUSIONS The successful delivery and sustained implementation of peer-led interventions requires careful attention to the personal qualities and support of peer leaders. Based on the findings of this study, support should include training, access to intervention manuals, regular and responsive supervision, and logistical/administrative assistance. Further research is required to elaborate and extend these findings to other peer-led programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Thomson
- Lambeth Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ireland AJ, Soro V, Sprague SV, Harradine NWT, Day C, Al-Anezi S, Jenkinson HF, Sherriff M, Dymock D, Sandy JR. The effects of different orthodontic appliances upon microbial communities. Orthod Craniofac Res 2013; 17:115-23. [PMID: 24345204 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Orthodontic appliances can promote accumulation of dental plaque, with associated enamel decalcification or gingival inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine longer-term microbiological changes during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four orthodontic patients aged 11-14 years undergoing fixed appliance therapy were recruited into the study. Each was randomized for cross-mouth assignment of molar bands and bonded molar tubes to contralateral quadrants of the mouth. All patients received self-ligating brackets, but again using randomization, one upper lateral incisor bracket (left or right) also received an elastomeric ligature. Plaque samples from the molars and upper lateral incisors were obtained at intervals during treatment and up to 1 year after appliance removal. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rDNA microarray were used to compare plaque microbial fingerprints. RESULTS Plaque populations changed within 3 months of commencing treatment at all sites. The greatest differences in plaque composition were seen with self-ligating brackets with an elastomeric ligature. Post-treatment plaque associated with both types of molar attachment contained increased levels of periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Eubacterium nodatum, while Campylobacter rectus, Parvimonas micra, and Actinomyces odontolyticus were also elevated with bonds. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that orthodontic treatment may cause sustained changes in plaque microbiotas and that molar bond-associated plaque may have raised disease potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Ireland
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chaar B, Wang H, Day C, Winstock A, Hanrahan J, Fois R. Factors Influencing Pharmacy Services in Opioid Substitution Treatment. Res Social Adm Pharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
40
|
Rees K, Hartley L, Day C, Clarke A, Stranges S. OP40 Selenium Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) – A Cochrane Systematic Review. Br J Soc Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2012-201753.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
41
|
Masiello A, Agarici G, Bonicelli T, Simon M, Alonso J, Bigi M, Boilson D, Chitarin G, Day C, Franzen P, Hanke S, Heinemann B, Hemsworth R, Luchetta A, Marcuzzi D, Milnes J, Minea T, Pasqualotto R, Pomaro N, Serianni G, Rigato W, Sonato P, Toigo V, F.Villecroze, Waldon C, Zaccaria P. The European contribution to the development of the ITER NB injector. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
42
|
Abstract
Opioid dependence, despite being the subject of significant public funding, remains a costly burden to Australian society in human and economic terms. The most cost-effective public health strategy for managing opioid dependence is opioid substitution therapy (OST), primarily through the use of methadone or buprenorphine. Supervised dispensing of OST from specialist clinics and community pharmacies plays a crucial role in enhancing compliance, monitoring treatment and reducing diversion. Australia, compared with other countries in the world, ranks very high in illicit opioid use; hence there is a great demand for OST.The utilisation of community pharmacies for stable patients has many advantages. For public clinics, patient transfer to community pharmacies relieves workload and costs, and increases capacity for new OST patients. From a patient's perspective, dosing at a pharmacy is more flexible and generally more preferable. Pharmacists stand to gain clientele, profit and receive small incentives from state governments in Australia, for their services. Yet, many "unmet needs" exist and there is a high demand for more involvement in OST service provision in community pharmacy in Australia.In the UK there has been a steady increase in community pharmacy provision of OST, and pharmacists appear ready to provide further healthcare services to these patients.The role of pharmacy in some countries in Europe, such as Germany, is less prominent due to their approach to harm minimisation and the complex, variable nature of OST provision across the European Union (EU). The provision of OST by pharmacists in the USA on the other hand is of lesser frequency as the healthcare system in the USA encourages detoxification clinics to handle cases of illicit drug addiction.At a time when harm minimisation strategies constitute a topic of considerable political and public interest, it is important to understand the scope and variability of pharmacy involvement in drug policy in Australia. Hence, this review highlights the role of pharmacists in OST and explores the scope for expanding this role in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B B Chaar
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
A 52-year-old female was referred to our institute for an incidental renal mass. A homogenously enhancing mass was detected on multidetector CT (MDCT) imaging. Histologically, the tumour was consistent with granular cell tumour (GCT). GCT is a benign tumour that often involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Rarely has it been reported to involve the genitourinary system. Here we present the first reported case of GCT with renal involvement along with its MDCT imaging features. The authors also present a review of the literature along with a review of typical MDCT imaging features of enhancing renal masses with emphasis given to renal cell carcinoma and its varying subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Chow
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1738, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Mast cell-derived prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is the major prostanoid found within the airway of asthmatics immediately following allergen challenge. PGD2 has been shown to have chemokinetic effects on eosinophils and T helper type 2 (Th2) cells in vitro. This occurs through the interaction of PGD2 with the G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 lymphocytes (CRTH2). The expression of CRTH2 has been shown to be highly selective for Th2 cells. Using flow cytometry we have studied the expression of CRTH2 on T cells in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatics and normal subjects. CRTH2 expression was confined to a small percentage of blood T cells in asthmatics (1.8%+/-0.2) and normal (1.6%+/-0.2) subjects. CRTH2 was enriched significantly on interleukin (IL)-4+/IL-13+ T cells compared to interferon (IFN)-gamma+ T cells (P<0.001). There was a small population of CRTH2+ T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of asthmatics (2.3%+/-0.6) and normal subjects (0.3%+/-0.1), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were similar amounts of PGD2 in the BAL of asthma and normal subjects. Within paired blood-BAL samples from the same subject there was no increase in CRTH2+ T cells in the BAL compared to blood in asthmatics. Enrichment of CRTH2 on IL-4+ and IL-13+ T cells compared to IFN-gamma+ T cells was also seen in BAL from asthmatics (P<0.001). CRTH2 is expressed preferentially by IL-4+/IL-13+ T cells compared to IFN-gamma+ T cells. However, given their small numbers they are unlikely to have a significant involvement in the pathogenesis of asthma. CRTH2 antagonism may not diminish T cell accumulation in the asthmatic lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Mutalithas
- Institute for Lung Health, Department of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nqoko BS, Day C, Mansoor N, de Kock M, Hughes J, Hussey G, Hanekom W. P16-05. Upregulation of PD-1 and CTLA-4 on HIV-specific T cells in HIV-infected infants. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767731 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
|
46
|
Abstract
Combinations of two or more oral agents with different mechanisms of action are often used for the management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. While these combinations have customarily been taken as separate tablets, several fixed-dose single tablet combinations are now available. These are based on bioequivalence with the separate tablets, giving similar efficacy to the separate tablets and necessitating the same cautions and contraindications that apply to each active component. Fixed-dose combinations can offer convenience, reduce the pill burden and simplify administration regimens for the patient. They increase patient adherence compared with equivalent combinations of separate tablets, and this is associated with some improvements in glycaemic control. Presently available antidiabetic fixed-dose combinations include metformin combined with a sulphonylurea, thiazolidinedione, dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitor or meglitinide as well as thiazolidinedione-sulphonylurea combinations, each at a range of dosage strengths to facilitate titration. Anticipated future expansion of multiple drug regimens for diabetes management is likely to increase the use of fixed-dose single tablet combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Bailey
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Scriba TJ, Kalsdorf B, Wood K, Wilkinson R, Day C, Hanekom W, Dheda K, Dawson R, Lange C, Kalsdorf B. Die HIV-Infektion beeinträchtigt die Immunantwort der CD4-T-Zellen in der BAL gegen Mykobakterien. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1213938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency and outcome of intestinal failure (IF) in children are not well defined in the UK. Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) is an effective intervention, with intestine transplantation offering the possibility of survival should life-threatening complications arise in those with long-term dependency. The ideal model for service provision is a subject of debate. AIMS We aimed to identify all new cases of IF (defined as PN dependency > or =28 days) in West Yorkshire over a two-year period to determine the rate of serious complications, establish the outcome after two years and clarify the role of specialist referral. METHOD Pharmacists in all the West Yorkshire paediatric units were contacted to establish the number of children with IF during 2001-2002. Underlying diagnosis, complications and outcome at two years were obtained by case-note review for 93 of the 96 children identified. RESULTS IF patients were exclusively managed in one or other of the three large teaching hospitals. At the two-year follow-up, six (6.4%) children had died (one while listed for a small bowel transplantation), but 85 (91%) had established full enteral feeding and were well. Two remained PN dependent and were assessed in the supra-regional intestinal transplantation unit (Birmingham); in neither case was small bowel transplantation thought to be appropriate. The most common complications were central venous catheter sepsis (69% of patients) and cholestasis (59%). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a favourable outcome for IF can be achieved in a regional centre with appropriate multidisciplinary support. A single UK supra-regional unit undertaking small bowel transplantation is probably adequate for assessment of the most complex patients, although this should remain under review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Köglmeier
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S, Zoppini G, Lippi G, Day C, Muggeo M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased prevalence of chronic kidney disease and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetologia 2008; 51:444-50. [PMID: 18058083 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Currently, there is a lack of information on associations between NAFLD and microvascular complications of diabetes. We assessed the associations between NAFLD and both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and retinopathy in a large cohort of type 2 diabetic individuals using a cross-sectional design. METHODS Prevalence rates of retinopathy (by ophthalmoscopy) and CKD (defined as overt proteinuria and/or estimated GFR <or= 60 ml min(-1) 1.73 m(-2)) were assessed in 2,103 type 2 diabetic individuals who were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease and viral hepatitis. NAFLD was ascertained by patient history, blood sampling and liver ultrasound. RESULTS NAFLD patients had higher (p<0.001) age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of both non-proliferative (39 vs 34%) and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy (11 vs 5%), and CKD (15 vs 9%) than counterparts without NAFLD. In logistic regression analysis, NAFLD was associated with increased rates of CKD (odds ratio 1.87; 95% CI 1.3-4.1, p=0.020) and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy (odds ratio 1.75; 1.1-3.7, p=0.031) independently of age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes duration, HbA(1c), lipids, smoking status and medications use. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that NAFLD is associated with an increased prevalence of CKD and proliferative/laser-treated retinopathy in type 2 diabetic individuals independently of numerous baseline confounding factors. Further studies are required to confirm the reproducibility of these results and to evaluate whether NAFLD contributes to the development or progression of CKD and retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Targher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sacro Cuore Hospital, Negrar (VR), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mapp PI, Avery PS, McWilliams DF, Bowyer J, Day C, Moores S, Webster R, Walsh DA. Angiogenesis in two animal models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:61-9. [PMID: 17659886 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 05/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have previously described angiogenesis at the osteochondral junction and in synovium of knees from patients with osteoarthritis (OA), but little is known about how closely animal models of OA resemble human disease with respect to vascular growth. This study aimed to characterise two animal models of knee OA with particular respect to osteochondral and synovial angiogenesis. METHOD We examined the spontaneous Dunkin-Hartley (DH) guinea pig and medial meniscal transection (MNX) rat models of OA. Vessels at the osteochondral junction and in the synovium were identified by lectin immunohistochemistry and quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Disease severity was assessed using a scoring system. RESULTS Blood vessels crossed the osteochondral junction in juvenile rats and guinea pigs, with higher densities in the lateral than medial tibial plateau, the number decreasing with maturation in the absence of other OA changes. In the rat model, increased vascular density was observed both at the osteochondral junction and in the synovium, whilst osteochondral vascularity in control rats decreased with maturation, OA rats showed a persistence of blood vessels at the osteochondral junction. In rat synovium, blood vessel fractional area was increased in the hypertrophied synovium 14 days after surgery, then decreased to control levels by day 28. Significant differences in vascularity were not observed between affected (medial) and spared (lateral) compartments of guinea pig knees. CONCLUSION The rat meniscal transection model of OA reproducibly displays both osteochondral and synovial angiogenesis comparable to our previous observations in human knee OA. DH guinea pigs, by contrast, display low vascularity throughout their protracted course of OA development. Changes in vascularisation occur early during the development of OA in the rat, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P I Mapp
- Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|