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Ferjaoui Z, Nahle S, Chang CS, Ghanbaja J, Joubert O, Schneider R, Ferrari L, Gaffet E, Alem H. Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolytes on Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Surfaces. ACS Omega 2020; 5:4770-4777. [PMID: 32201762 PMCID: PMC7081293 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Designing and manufacturing multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) are of considerable interest for both academic and industrial research. Among NPs used in this field, iron oxide NPs show low toxicity compared to metallic ones and are thus of high interest for biomedical applications. In this work, superparamagnetic Fe3-δO4-based core/shell NPs were successfully prepared and characterized by the combination of different techniques, and their physical properties were investigated. We demonstrate the efficiency of the layer-by-layer process to graft polyelectrolytes on the surface of iron oxide NPs. The influence of the polyelectrolyte chain configuration on the magnetic properties of the Fe3-δO4/polymer core/shell NPs was enlightened. The simple and fast process described in this work is efficient for the grafting of polyelectrolytes from surfaces, and thus, derived Fe3-δO4 NPs display both the physical properties of the core and of the macromolecular shell. Finally, the cytotoxicity toward the human THP-1 monocytic cell line of the core/shell NPs was assessed. The results showed that the polymer-capped Fe3-δO4 NPs exhibited almost no toxicity after 24 h of exposure at concentrations up to 25 μg mL-1. Our results show that these smart superparamagnetic nanocarriers with stealth properties are promising for applications in multimodal cancer therapy, including drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Ferjaoui
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Sara Nahle
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Crosby Soon Chang
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Jaafar Ghanbaja
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Joubert
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Raphaël Schneider
- Laboratoire
Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Luc Ferrari
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Eric Gaffet
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Halima Alem
- Institut
Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), Université
de Lorraine, CNRS, Campus
Artem 2 allée André Guinier BP 50840,
F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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Aslan E, Sarilmaz A, Yanalak G, Chang CS, Cinar I, Ozel F, Patir IH. Facile preparation of amorphous NiWSex and CoWSex nanoparticles for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline condition. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Ferjaoui Z, Jamal Al Dine E, Kulmukhamedova A, Bezdetnaya L, Soon Chang C, Schneider R, Mutelet F, Mertz D, Begin-Colin S, Quilès F, Gaffet E, Alem H. Doxorubicin-Loaded Thermoresponsive Superparamagnetic Nanocarriers for Controlled Drug Delivery and Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:30610-30620. [PMID: 31359758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the development of thermoresponsive core/shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) based on an iron oxide core and a thermoresponsive copolymer shell composed of 2-(2-methoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA) and oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate (OEGMA) moieties. These smart nano-objects combine the magnetic properties of the core and the drug carrier properties of the polymeric shell. Loading the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) in the thermoresponsive MNPs via supramolecular interactions provides advanced features to the delivery of DOX with spatial and temporal controls. The so coated iron oxide MNPs exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of around 30 emu g-1. Drug release experiments confirmed that only a small amount of DOX was released at room temperature, while almost 100% drug release was achieved after 52 h at 42 °C with Fe3-δO4@P(MEO2MA60OEGMA40), which grafted polymer chains displaying a low critical solution temperature of 41 °C. Moreover, the MNPs exhibit magnetic hyperthermia properties as shown by specific absorption rate measurements. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the core/shell MNPs toward human ovary cancer SKOV-3 cells was tested. The results showed that the polymer-capped MNPs exhibited almost no toxicity at concentrations up to 12 μg mL-1, whereas when loaded with DOX, an increase in cytotoxicity and a decrease of SKOV-3 cell viability were observed. From these results, we conclude that these smart superparamagnetic nanocarriers with stealth properties are able to deliver drugs to tumor and are promising for applications in multimodal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Ferjaoui
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Enaam Jamal Al Dine
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Aigul Kulmukhamedova
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN, UMR 7039) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy , France
- Research Department , Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine , 6 avenue de Bourgogne, CS 30519 , F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN, UMR 7039) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy , France
- Research Department , Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine , 6 avenue de Bourgogne, CS 30519 , F-54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Crosby Soon Chang
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Raphaël Schneider
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, (LRGP, UMR 7274) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54000 Nancy , France
| | - Fabrice Mutelet
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, (LRGP, UMR 7274) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54000 Nancy , France
| | - Damien Mertz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS, UMR 7504) , Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Sylvie Begin-Colin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS, UMR 7504) , Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7504 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Fabienne Quilès
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie et Materiaux pour l'Environnement (LCPME, UMR 7564) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , F-54600 Villers-lès-Nancy , France
| | - Eric Gaffet
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Halima Alem
- Institut Jean Lamour (IJL, UMR 7198) , Université de Lorraine, CNRS , Campus Artem 2 allée André Guinier - BP 50840 , F-54011 Nancy Cedex, France
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Chang CS, Yang CY, Hsiao HY, Chen L, Chu IM, Cheng MH, Tsao CH. Cultivation of auricular chondrocytes in poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(ε-caprolactone) hydrogel for tracheal cartilage tissue engineering in a rabbit model. Eur Cell Mater 2018; 35:350-364. [PMID: 29926464 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v035a24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has the potential to overcome the limitations of tracheal reconstruction. To tissue-engineer a tracheal cartilage, auricular chondrocytes were encapsulated in a photocurable poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG/PCL) hydrogel. Chondrogenic genes, including Sox9, Acan and Col2a1, were up-regulated in auricular chondrocytes after 2 weeks of in vitro cultivation in the PEG/PCL hydrogel. Co-cultivation of 70 % auricular chondrocytes and 30 % bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) accelerated the chondrogenic genes' expression in the PEG/PCL hydrogel. Cartilaginous matrix markers, including proteoglycans and collagen type II, were detected in the chondrocytes-encapsulated PEG/PCL hydrogel after 4 weeks of in vitro cultivation. The higher expression level of cartilaginous matrix markers was observed in the PEG/PCL hydrogel with co-cultivation of 70 % chondrocytes and 30 % BMSCs. After 4 weeks of ectopic cultivation in rabbits, the cylindrical PEG/PCL structure was sustained with the use of a luminal silicon stent. However, without the stent, the construct collapsed under a compression force. No fibrosis or vessel ingrowth were found in the PEG/PCL hydrogel after 4 weeks of ectopic cultivation, whereas the auricular chondrocytes showed proteoglycans' accumulation and collagen type II production. Rabbit auricular chondrocytes could survive and retain chondrogenic ability in the PEG/PCL hydrogel under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. While the PEG/PCL hydrogel did not show sufficient mechanical properties for supporting the cylindrical shape of the construct, the high chondrogenesis level of chondrocytes in the PEG/PCL hydrogel displayed the potential of this material for tracheal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - C H Tsao
- Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33305,
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Chang CS, Tsai IT, Liang CY, Hsu CW. Traumatic Dissections of Bilateral Internal carotid Artery with Aneurysms Formation. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791602300505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery dissection is an unusual complication of blunt neck trauma with high mortality and severe neurological deficits. Traumatic bilateral dissections and dissecting aneurysms are extremely rare. A 17-year-old male presented to our emergency department with sudden onset of right hemiparesis and aphasia. Initial computed tomography scan of head and neck showed no remarkable finding. On the second day, a magnetic resonance angiography of head and neck demonstrated bilateral extracranial internal carotid artery dissections. The diagnosis of traumatic carotid artery dissection for emergency physicians is difficult because of the absence or delayed onset in symptomatology. Magnetic resonance angiography is currently considered as an appropriate initial diagnostic tool for carotid artery injury. In clinical practice, early diagnosis by keeping a high index of suspicions is required by emergency physicians.
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Lin WT, Chen YM, Chen DY, Lan JL, Chang CS, Yeh HZ, Yang SS. Increased risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients receiving immunosuppressants: a retrospective cohort study. Lupus 2017; 27:66-75. [PMID: 28534427 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317711009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with different hepatitis B virus infection statuses receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed systemic lupus erythematosus patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-hepatitis B core IgG antibody who underwent immunosuppressive therapies from January 2001 to December 2012 at a medical center in Taiwan for evidence of hepatitis B virus reactivation. Results During this period, 906 out of 3125 patients who were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus received screening tests for hepatitis B virus. Thirty-eight patients were identified as hepatitis B surface antigen-positive. Fifteen of 38 (39.5%) hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients developed hepatitis B virus reactivation, and 53.3% of these patients experienced severe hepatitis flare. Three of 157 hepatitis B surface antigen-negative/anti-hepatitis B core IgG antibody-positive patients (1.9%) experienced hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion after immunosuppressive therapy. Five patients received prophylactic or preemptive antiviral therapy and none of them developed hepatitis B virus flares. A daily dose of prednisolone greater than 5 mg was a risk factor for hepatitis B reactivation by multivariate logistic analysis. Conclusions The risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation is high in lupus patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Antiviral prophylaxis or preemption can effectively reduce the incidence of hepatitis B virus reactivation in lupus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Lin
- 1 Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Y M Chen
- 2 Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - D Y Chen
- 2 Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J L Lan
- 4 Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C S Chang
- 1 Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H Z Yeh
- 1 Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S S Yang
- 1 Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,5 Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Hager R, Lang J, Chang CS, Ku S, Chen Y, Parker SE, Adams MF. Verification of long wavelength electromagnetic modes with a gyrokinetic-fluid hybrid model in the XGC code. Phys Plasmas 2017; 24:054508. [PMID: 29104419 PMCID: PMC5648567 DOI: 10.1063/1.4983320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative option to kinetic electrons, the gyrokinetic total-f particle-in-cell (PIC) code XGC1 has been extended to the MHD/fluid type electromagnetic regime by combining gyrokinetic PIC ions with massless drift-fluid electrons analogous to Chen and Parker [Phys. Plasmas 8, 441 (2001)]. Two representative long wavelength modes, shear Alfvén waves and resistive tearing modes, are verified in cylindrical and toroidal magnetic field geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hager
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Jianying Lang
- Intel Corporation, 2200 Mission College Blvd., Santa Clara, California 95054, USA
| | - C S Chang
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - S Ku
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y Chen
- University of Colorado, 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S E Parker
- University of Colorado, 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M F Adams
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Chang CS, Ku S, Tynan GR, Hager R, Churchill RM, Cziegler I, Greenwald M, Hubbard AE, Hughes JW. Fast Low-to-High Confinement Mode Bifurcation Dynamics in a Tokamak Edge Plasma Gyrokinetic Simulation. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:175001. [PMID: 28498701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.175001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transport barrier formation and its relation to sheared flows in fluids and plasmas are of fundamental interest in various natural and laboratory observations and of critical importance in achieving an economical energy production in a magnetic fusion device. Here we report the first observation of an edge transport barrier formation event in an electrostatic gyrokinetic simulation carried out in a realistic diverted tokamak edge geometry under strong forcing by a high rate of heat deposition. The results show that turbulent Reynolds-stress-driven sheared E×B flows act in concert with neoclassical orbit loss to quench turbulent transport and form a transport barrier just inside the last closed magnetic flux surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - S Ku
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - G R Tynan
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - R Hager
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - R M Churchill
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - I Cziegler
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - M Greenwald
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A E Hubbard
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J W Hughes
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Hsiao HH, Liu YC, Wang HC, Tsai YF, Wu CH, Cho SF, Hsu JF, Huang CT, Hsiao SY, Lee CP, Chang CS, Lin SF, Liu TC. Additional chromosomal abnormalities in core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:17028-33. [PMID: 26681050 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.16.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Despite sharing a similar genetic abnormality, patients with core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML), which is characterized by the presence of t(8;21) or inv(16)/t(16;16), show heterogeneous survival. Other molecular or cytogenetic factors are supposed to have an impact on the prognosis. We enrolled 24 CBF-AML patients to determine the impact of cytogenetic abnormality, and c-KIT, FLT3, NPM1, and CEBPA mutations on the prognosis. Only three patients had the c-KIT mutation (3/24, 12.5%) and one had the FLT3 mutation. However, over half of the patients (14/24) harbored additional cytogenetic changes, including ten with loss of sexual chromosomes (LOS) [all in the t(8;21) group], and six had additional abnormalities (two cases had both LOS and additional abnormalities). From this small-number study, no association was found between c-KIT mutation and survival and relapse rate. However, additional chromosome abnormalities had a significant association with relapse of the disease (P = 0.027). Stem cell transplant had a trend of benefitting patients after relapse (P = 0.065). This implies that chromosome abnormalities occur in CBF-AML and might take part in the heterogeneous nature of CBF-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y C Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - H C Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y F Tsai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C H Wu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S F Cho
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J F Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C T Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Y Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C P Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C S Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S F Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T C Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liu YC, Hsiao HH, Lin PM, Yang WC, Chang CS, Liu TC, Hsu JF, Yang MY, Lin SF. Prognostic implication of molecular aberrations in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:5414-23. [PMID: 24301914 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.11.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Different molecular aberrations can be discriminated into certain prognostic subgroups in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) patients but their impact on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains controversial and studies from Asian populations are lacking. Forty-two adult non-M3 AML patients receiving allo-HSCT from 2002 to 2009 in southern Taiwan were retrospectively reviewed for survey, 23 (54.7%) of whom were CN-AML. NPM1, FLT3-ITD, and CEBPA were analyzed. After a median follow-up of 104 weeks (range, 8 to 384), patients in the good risk group (harboring either NPM1 or CEBPA mutation without concurrent FLT3-ITD) showed a borderline worse overall survival (OS) compared with the intermediate/poor risk group (P = 0.08). Interestingly, a poorer OS was found in patients with the CEBPA mutation (P = 0.003) but not the NPM1 mutation (P = 0.96). No OS difference was found between patients with or without FLT3-ITD (P = 0.15). In patients receiving allo-HSCT at first remission, there was no significant OS benefit in the good risk group (P = 0.33). In patients receiving allo-HSCT beyond first remission, disease status played a major role (P = 0.006), irrespective of molecular aberrations. Allo-HSCT in good risk patients should be carefully evaluated in Taiwanese, especially in patients with the CEBPA mutation. Conversely, allo-HSCT should be considered in first remission in patients with an intermediate/poor risk, where it may overcome the adverse impact of FLT3-ITD. Disease status remained a main issue in patients receiving allo-HSCT beyond first remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Lin BH, Liu WR, Lin CY, Hsu ST, Yang S, Kuo CC, Hsu CH, Hsieh WF, Chien FSS, Chang CS. Single domain m-plane ZnO grown on m-plane sapphire by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2012; 4:5333-5337. [PMID: 22989018 DOI: 10.1021/am301271k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
High-quality m-plane orientated ZnO films have been successfully grown on m-plane sapphire by using radio frequency magnetron sputtering deposition. The introduction of a nanometer-thick, low-temperature-grown ZnO buffer layer effectively eliminates inclusions of other undesirable orientations. The structure characteristics of the ZnO epi-layers were thoroughly studied by synchrotron X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in-plane epitaxial relationship between ZnO and sapphire follows (0002)(ZnO) [parallel] (112[overline]0)(sapphire) and (112[overline]0)(ZnO) [parallel] (0006)(sapphire) and the ZnO/sapphire interface structure can be described by the domain matching epitaxy along the [112[overline]0](ZnO) direction. The vibrational properties of the films were investigated by polarization dependent micro-Raman spectroscopy. Both XRD and micro-Raman results reveal that the obtained m-ZnO layers are under an anisotropic biaxial strain but still retains a hexagonal lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Lin
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Chan WY, Huang HS, Su WB, Lin WH, Jeng HT, Wu MK, Chang CS. Field-induced expansion deformation in Pb islands on Cu(111): evidence from energy shift of empty quantum-well states. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:146102. [PMID: 22540808 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.146102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We use scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to measure the energy shift of empty quantum-well (QW) states in Pb islands on the Cu(111) surface. It is found that, with an increase of the electric field, the behavior of the energy shift can be grouped into two different modes for most QW states. In the first mode, the state energy moves toward high energy monotonically. In the second mode, the state energy shifts to a lower energy initially and then turns around to a higher energy. Moreover, we have observed that the QW states of higher energy behave in preference to the first mode, but they gradually change to the second mode as the Pb island becomes thicker. This thickness-dependent behavior reflects the existence of local expansion in the Pb islands, due to the electric field, and that the expansion is larger for a thicker island. QW states can thus be used for studying the localized lattice deformation in the nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Chan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Chang CS, Bergeron L, Yu CC, Chen PKT, Chen YR. Mandible changes evaluated by computed tomography following Botulinum Toxin A injections in square-faced patients. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2011; 35:452-5. [PMID: 21103871 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-010-9624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A facial contour that is oval is more pleasing in Asian women. Patients with a square face often seek facial contouring procedures to improve their appearance. Treatment often involves various combinations of Botulinum NeuroToxin A (BoNTA) injections into the masseters and/or mandibular angle resection. Many physicians claim that muscle paralysis with injections alone will decrease pulling on the underlying bone and also treat underlying bony flaring when present. Muscular changes after BoNTA injections have been well documented. However, the effect of BoNTA injections on the underlying mandibular bone morphology has not been studied to the best of the authors' knowledge. The goal of this study was to determine whether there are mandibular changes after masseter injection with botulinum toxin. METHODS In this retrospective study of ten female patients seeking treatment for a square face, three-dimensional CT scans were taken before and 3 months after standardized BoNTA injections in bilateral masseters. Mandibular cortex thickness, mandibular bone thickness, and mandibular volume were measured. RESULTS Soft-tissue changes were observed but no bony changes were observed 3 months after injections. CONCLUSIONS In this study of adult patients, there were no statistically significant mandibular changes 3 months after BoNTA injection. The current theory of mandibular flaring resolution after partial muscle paralysis is not supported by our findings. Therefore, a patient presenting both masseteric hypertrophy and bony flaring will most likely require a combined muscular and bony procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin St., Guei-Shan 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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14
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Chang CS, Chen CF, Berthouly-Salazar C, Chazara O, Lee YP, Chang CM, Chang KH, Bed'Hom B, Tixier-Boichard M. A global analysis of molecular markers and phenotypic traits in local chicken breeds in Taiwan. Anim Genet 2011; 43:172-82. [PMID: 22404353 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and phenotypic data have been combined to characterize the genetic diversity of six local chicken breeds maintained with a long-term conservation programme. Hua-Tung, Hsin-Yi, Ju-Chi and Quemoy originated from Taiwan, Shek-Ki is from South China, and Nagoya is from Japan. Molecular tools included 24 microsatellite markers, melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) (MC1R), the LEI0258 marker located within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and mitochondrial DNA. Performance was recorded on the same individuals for body weight, panting rate in summer and antibody response (antigens: Newcastle disease virus and sheep red blood cells). A multivariate method previously proposed for taxonomy was used to combine the different data sets. Melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) and the MCW330 marker contributed the most to the first axis of the multiple coinertia analysis of molecular markers. Melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) showed evidence of selection, probably related to its effect on feather colour. The MHC exhibited a large diversity, with 16 alleles of the LEI0258 marker. Immune response traits contributed the most to the principal component analysis of phenotypic data. Eight mitochondrial DNA haplotypes related to clades A, B, C and E were distributed across breeds and revealed an important contribution of Indian and European breeds to Ju-Chi, Quemoy and Hsin-Yi. Phenotypic data contributed less than molecular data to the combined analysis, and two markers, LEI0258 and LEI0228, contributed the most. The combined analysis could clearly discriminate all breeds, except Ju-Chi, which was similar to Quemoy for many criteria, except immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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15
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Chang HW, Tsay JS, Hung YC, Chan WY, Su WB, Chang CS, Yao YD. Investigation of magnetic properties and microstructure of ultrathin Co films grown on Si(111)- 7 x 7 surface. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2696-2699. [PMID: 21449457 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic properties and growth mechanism of ultrathin Co films on Si(111)-7 x 7 surface have been studied by using both surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (SMOKE) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), respectively. STM results show that the growth mechanism of ultrathin Co films on Si(111)-7 x 7 surface at room temperature belongs to Stranski-Krastanov (SK) growth mode. Due to formation of CoSi2 layer, no magnetic signal could be detected by SMOKE for 1-4 ML Co deposited on Si(111) surface. Because of rougher surface, both longitudinal and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy configuration appear for 4.2-10 ML Co/Si(111) films. When the Co thickness is increased to 10 ML, only longitudinal anisotropy configuration is found, resulting from the contribution to the volume anisotropy. Furthermore, in-plane coercivity increases with Co coverage because of enhancement of ferromagnetic coupling with Co thickness, out-of-plane coercivity increases with Co coverage due to the increment of demagnetized field, induced by the rougher Co surface and pinhole structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chang
- Department of Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407 Taiwan, ROC
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16
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Lien HC, Wang CC, Hsu JY, Sung FC, Cheng KF, Liang WM, Kuo HW, Lin PH, Chang CS. Classical reflux symptoms, hiatus hernia and overweight independently predict pharyngeal acid exposure in patients with suspected reflux laryngitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33:89-98. [PMID: 21083591 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been associated with reflux laryngitis. AIMS To investigate the risk factors and the predictors of pharyngeal acid reflux (PAR) in Taiwanese patients with suspected reflux laryngitis. METHODS With referral from ENT physicians, 104 patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of reflux laryngitis completed a validated symptom questionnaire, an upper endoscopy exam and ambulatory 24-h pH tests with three sensors located at the hypopharynx, proximal and distal oesophagus. Patients with one or more episodes of PAR were considered abnormal. RESULTS Pharyngeal acid reflux was identified in 17% (18/104) of patients. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, PAR was independently associated with classical reflux symptoms [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-12.8], hiatus hernia (aOR = 6.7, 95% CI: 1.5-30.2) and overweight (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.0-11.0). In predicting PAR, classical reflux symptoms had a sensitivity of 78% and hiatus hernia had a specificity of 95%. With all three factors, the positive predictive value for PAR was 80%. Classical reflux symptoms included heartburn, chest pain, dyspepsia and acid regurgitation. CONCLUSIONS Classical reflux symptoms, hiatus hernia and overweight are independent risk factors that may predict pharyngeal acid reflux in patients with suspected reflux laryngitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Lien
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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17
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Dif-Pradalier G, Diamond PH, Grandgirard V, Sarazin Y, Abiteboul J, Garbet X, Ghendrih P, Strugarek A, Ku S, Chang CS. On the validity of the local diffusive paradigm in turbulent plasma transport. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:025401. [PMID: 20866867 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.025401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A systematic, constructive and self-consistent procedure to quantify nonlocal, nondiffusive action at a distance in plasma turbulence is exposed and applied to turbulent heat fluxes computed from the state-of-the-art full- f, flux-driven gyrokinetic GYSELA and XGC1 codes. A striking commonality is found: heat transport below a dynamically selected mesoscale has the structure of a Lévy distribution, is strongly nonlocal, nondiffusive, scale-free, and avalanche mediated; at larger scales, we report the observation of a self-organized flow structure which we call the " E × B staircase" after its planetary analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dif-Pradalier
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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18
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Chang HW, Wu BF, Yao YD, Su WB, Chang CS. Co nanoislands on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2010; 10:4663-4666. [PMID: 21128475 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2010.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Co nanoislands on the Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that Co nanoislands prefer to aggregate at the step edge and dislocation sites on the reconstructed Au(111) surface and at the step edge on the Cu(111) surface, respectively. In addition, based on dZ/dV-V spectra, in both the Co/Au(111) and the Co/Cu(111) systems, Gundlach oscillation was observed. From the peak shift of dZ/dV-V spectra between Co nanoisland and substrate surface, we can quantitatively obtain that the constant energy separation is -0.13 +/- 0.01 eV for the Co/Au(111) system, and 0.41 +/- 0.02 eV for the Co/Cu(111) system, respectively. These values indicate the work function difference between Co nanoisland and these surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Chang
- Department of Physics, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407 Taiwan
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have supported the hypothesis of different presentations in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) between cardiac and gastric vagal activity. Due to the regionality of the ANS, different responses among different organ systems to the same stimulation (such as a meal) are quite possible. METHODS In this study we monitored the postprandial changes of heart rate variability (HRV) and gastrointestinal (GI) hormones to determine whether both responded in a similar pattern. Twenty-two healthy volunteers (6 males and 16 females) were enrolled. After recording a baseline ECG rhythm, further recordings were made at 20 min intervals for 120 min after a test meal. Serum human pancreatic polypeptide (PP), leptin, and total and active ghrelin levels were measured. KEY RESULTS After the meal, HR increased significantly from baseline at each time point, except for 20 min after the meal. The high frequency (HF) power decreased significantly from 40 min to 120 min after the meal. In addition, the low frequency (LF) power also decreased significantly from 60 min to 120 min. However, the LF:HF ratio increased significantly from 20 min to 120 min. There was a marked increase (>2 fold) of PP at 20 min after the meal, and the increase was sustained throughout the test period. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These findings suggest that HRV reflects cardiac, but not equivalently, abdominovagal activity. Therefore, HRV as an abdominovagal activity measurement in patients with GI functional problems should be used with caution, and other markers such as PP should be included.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, General Surgery and Pathology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Wang LH, Chang CS, Hsieh LL, Er TK, Chang JG, Liu TC. Hb Owari associated with alpha-thalassaemia-1 in a Taiwanese subject. Br J Biomed Sci 2010; 66:205-7. [PMID: 20095131 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2009.11978170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L H Wang
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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22
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Chuang JY, Yang SS, Lu YT, Hsieh YY, Chen CY, Chang SC, Chang CS, Yeh HZ, Kao JH. IL-10 promoter gene polymorphisms and sustained response to combination therapy in Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C patients. Dig Liver Dis 2009; 41:424-30. [PMID: 19004675 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 08/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Host genetic factors may affect clinical outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, the possible mechanisms remain largely unknown. The role of immunopathogenesis in chronic hepatitis C leads to extensive exploration of host immunity including inflammatory cytokines. METHODS We examined interleukin 10 (IL-10) promoter gene polymorphisms at positions -1082, -819, and -592 relative to transcription start site and studied their association with response to 24 weeks of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment in 143 chronic hepatitis C patients, of whom 97 (67.8%) achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR). In addition, 134 healthy adults were used as controls. RESULTS Of chronic hepatitis C patients, 111 (77.6%) were genotype 1 infection, 32 (22.4%) were genotype 2 infection. Patients with sustained virologic response were younger and had higher pretreatment ALT levels than those without. No statistical difference was found between chronic hepatitis C patients who achieved SVR or not in terms of gender, HCV genotype, pretreatment HCV RNA levels, and severity of liver disease. The serum IL-10 levels were comparable between healthy controls and chronic hepatitis C patients as well as between HCV patients with and without SVR. The distribution of IL-10 promoter gene polymorphisms at positions -1082, -819, and -592 relative to transcription start site was comparable between HCV patients and healthy controls as well as HCV patients with and without SVR. A high frequency of ATA haplotype of common IL-10 promoter gene SNPs was found in both chronic hepatitis C patients (70.3%) and healthy controls (69.8%). However, ATA haplotype was not associated with SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data fail to demonstrate the influence of IL-10 promoter gene polymorphisms on the response to combination therapy in Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C patients. The impact of genetic variations in IL-10 haplotype on the response to anti-HCV treatment among different ethnic populations deserves further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Chuang
- Graduate Institute and Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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Yang MC, Lin CL, Su WB, Lin SP, Lu SM, Lin HY, Chang CS, Hsu WK, Tsong TT. Phase contribution of image potential on empty quantum well States in pb islands on the cu(111) surface. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:196102. [PMID: 19518977 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.196102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to explore the quantum well states in the Pb islands grown on a Cu(111) surface. Our observation demonstrates that the empty quantum well states, whose energy levels lie beyond 1.2 eV above the Fermi level, are significantly affected by the image potential. As the quantum number increases, the energy separation between adjacent states is shrinking rather than widening, contrary to the prediction for a square potential well. By simply introducing a phase factor to reckon the effect of the image potential, the shrinking behavior of the energy separation can be reasonably explained with the phase accumulation model. The model also reveals that there exists a quantum regime above the Pb surface in which the image potential is vanished. Moreover, the quasi-image-potential state in the tunneling gap is quenched because of the existence of the quantum well states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
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24
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Lin CL, Lu SM, Su WB, Shih HT, Wu BF, Yao YD, Chang CS, Tsong TT. Manifestation of work function difference in high order Gundlach oscillation. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:216103. [PMID: 18233232 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.216103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gundlach oscillation (or the standing-wave state) is a general phenomenon manifesting in the tunneling spectrum acquired from a metal surface using scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Previous studies relate the energy shift between peaks of the lowest-order Gundlach oscillation observed on the thin film and the metal substrate to the difference in their work functions. By observing Gundlach oscillations on Ag/Au(111), Ag/Cu(111), and Co/Cu(111) systems, we demonstrate that the work function difference is not the energy shift of the lowest order but the ones of higher order where a constant energy shift exhibits. Higher order Gundlach oscillations can thus be applied to determine the work function of thin metal films precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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25
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Abstract
The MYST family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) was initially defined by human genes with disease connections and by yeast genes identified for their role in epigenetic transcriptional silencing. Since then, many new MYST genes have been discovered through genetic and genomic approaches. Characterization of the complexes through which MYST proteins act, regions of the genome to which they are targeted and biological consequences when they are disrupted, all deepen the connections of MYST proteins to development, growth control and human cancers. Many of the insights into MYST family function have come from studies in model organisms. Herein, we review functions of two of the founding MYST genes, yeast SAS2 and SAS3, and the essential yeast MYST ESA1. Analysis of these genes in yeast has defined roles for MYST proteins in transcriptional activation and silencing, and chromatin-mediated boundary formation. They have further roles in DNA damage repair and nuclear integrity. The observation that MYST protein complexes share subunits with other HATs, histone deacetylases and other key nuclear proteins, many with connections to human cancers, strengthens the idea that coordinating distinct chromatin modifications is critical for regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lafon
- Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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26
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Jho YS, Park G, Chang CS, Pincus PA, Kim MW. Effects of dielectric discontinuities on two charged plates. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 76:011920. [PMID: 17677507 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.011920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Counterions in a biological system are charged in water and interact with charged macroions, which are generally made up of hydrocarbons. The dielectric difference between water and the hydrocarbon substrates occurs naturally, and may greatly affect the electrostatic properties of biological systems. Particularly for a slab geometry, bulk counterions that are dissolved in water are driven to the midplane of the slab because of their repulsive interaction with their image charges. The pressure between two charged plates becomes less repulsive since the low dielectric constant of the hydrocarbon substrate creates stronger association between counterions and surface charges as compared to the case of no dielectric discontinuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Jho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
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27
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Liao SC, Ko CW, Yeh HZ, Chang CS, Yang SS, Chen GH. Successful treatment of persistent bacteremia after endoscopic injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate for gastric varices bleeding. Endoscopy 2007; 39 Suppl 1:E176-7. [PMID: 17614066 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S C Liao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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28
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Jho YS, Park G, Chang CS, Pincus P, Kim MW. Interaction between two inhomogeneously charged parallel surfaces in the strong coupling regime. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 73:021502. [PMID: 16605337 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.021502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Revised: 11/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The counterion density profile and pressure between two inhomogenously charged parallel plates are analyzed analytically and numerically in the strong-coupling regime. Point charges are used and the surface charges are immobile. It is found that when the surface charge distribution is inhomogeneous, the charge coupling effect becomes stronger, the counterion spatial distribution is more localized toward the plate surfaces, and, thus, the pressure between two plates becomes lower than in the case when the surface charge distribution is homogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Jho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea 305-701.
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29
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Abstract
The duration of diabetes mellitus and presence of hyperglycemia appear to be important in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Here, we present three patients with edema, heavy proteinuria, chronic renal failure, in whom no past or present symptomatic glucose intolerance or diabetic retinopathy were found. The kidney biopsy of these patients showed diffuse glomerular basement membrane thickening and nodular glomerulosclerosis, which resembled diabetic nephropathy. The renal function of these patients deteriorated rapidly and renal replacement therapy started later in the average of 11 months since the first visiting. These cases were diagnosed as diabetic nodular glomerulosclerosis, although there was no obvious evidence for diabetes. The absence of overt diabetes and diabetic retinopathy at presentation of nodular glomerulosclerosis in these cases does not refute the hypothesis that metabolic consequence of hyperglycemia is a prerequisite for the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy, but some factors other than hyperglycemia may be responsible for renal damage in our patients. The modifiable risk factors in such a condition are postulated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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30
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Yeh KH, Lu YS, Hsu CH, Lin JF, Chao HJ, Huang TC, Chung CY, Chang CS, Yang CH, Cheng AL. Phase II study of weekly vinorelbine and 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin as first-line treatment of advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:1013-8. [PMID: 15770209 PMCID: PMC2361932 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We prospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of combining weekly vinorelbine (VNB) with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Vinorelbine 25 mg m−2 30-min intravenous infusion, and high-dose 5-FU 2600 mg m−2 plus LV 300 mg m−2 24-h intravenous infusion (HDFL regimen) were given on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks. Between June 1999 and April 2003, 40 patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic breast cancer were enrolled with a median age of 49 years (range: 36–68). A total of 25 patients had recurrent ABC, and 15 patients had primary metastatic diseases. The overall response rate for the intent-to-treat group was 70.0% (95% CI: 54–84%) with eight complete responses and 20 partial responses. All 40 patients were evaluated for survival and toxicities. Among a total of 316 cycles of VNB–HDFL given (average: 7.9: range: 4–14 cycles per patient), the main toxicity was Gr3/4 leucopenia and Gr3/4 neutropenia in 57 (18.0%) and 120 (38.0%) cycles, respectively. Gr1/2 infection and Gr1/2 stomatitis were noted in five (1.6%) and 59 (18.7%) cycles, respectively. None of the patients developed Gr3/4 stomatitis or Gr3/4 infection. Gr2/3 and Gr1 hand–foot syndrome was noted in two (5.0%) and 23 (57.5%) patients, respectively. Gr1 sensory neuropathy developed in three patients. The median time to progression was 8.0 months (range: 3–25.5 months), and the median overall survival was 25.0 months with a follow-up of 5.5 to 45+ months. This VNB–HDFL regimen is a highly active yet well-tolerated first-line treatment for ABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Yeh
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - C H Hsu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - J F Lin
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - H J Chao
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - T C Huang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | | | | | - C H Yang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - A L Cheng
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan. E-mail:
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31
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Lin HY, Chiu YP, Huang LW, Chen YW, Fu TY, Chang CS, Tsong TT. Self-organized growth of nanopucks on Pb quantum islands. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:136101. [PMID: 15904006 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Electronic Moirè patterns found on lead (Pb) quantum islands can serve as a template to grow self-organized cluster (nanopucks) arrays of various materials. These patterns can be divided into fcc- and hcp-stacked areas, which exhibit different binding strengths to the deposited adatoms. For Ag adatoms, the binding energy can differ substantially and the confined nucleation thus occurs in the fcc sites. Both the size distribution and spatial arrangement of the Ag nanopucks are analyzed and found to be commensurate with the characteristics of the template island, which exhibits a bilayer oscillatory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen SH, Su AC, Chang CS, Chen HL, Ho DL, Tsao CS, Peng KY, Chen SA. Aging of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene)/toluene solutions and subsequent effects on luminescence behavior of cast films. Langmuir 2004; 20:8909-8915. [PMID: 15379526 DOI: 10.1021/la049083d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Morphological effects in luminescence properties of a representative semiconducting polymer, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV), has recently attracted much attention. Previous studies indicated that short-term heat treatment of solution-cast MEH-PPV films may result in the formation of mesomorphic order that is responsible for the "red" emission around 640 nm, in contrast to the single-chromophore "yellow" emission near 590 nm from the disordered matrix. On the basis of microscopic and spectroscopic evidence for films cast from freshly prepared and aged solutions, here we show that prolonged storage of MEHyellowPPV solutions at room temperature or lower may result in retardation of the thermally induced mesophase formation in the subsequently cast films. According to small-angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetric observations over aged MEH-PPV/toluene solutions, we propose that the suppressed transformation into mesomorphic order is due to further development of nanocrystalline aggregates that serve as physical cross-links among MEH-PPV chains in the solution state upon long-term storage. These solvent-induced nanocrystalline aggregates, however, do not exhibit new spectroscopic features beyond the suppression of "red" emission at 640 nm from the mesomorphic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Chao Y, Yeh KH, Chang CJ, Chen LT, Chao TY, Wu MF, Chang CS, Chang JY, Chung CY, Kao WY, Hsieh RK, Cheng AL. Phase II study of weekly oxaliplatin and 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:453-8. [PMID: 15226770 PMCID: PMC2409850 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the efficacy and safety of combining weekly oxaliplatin with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Patients with histologically confirmed, locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic gastric cancer were studied. Oxaliplatin 65 mg m−2 2-h intravenous infusion, and 5-FU 2600 mg m−2 plus FA 300 mg m−2 24-h intravenous infusion, were given on days 1 and 8, repeated every 3 weeks. Between January 2001 through January 2002, 55 patients were enrolled. The median age was 64 years (range: 22–75). In all, 52 patients (94.5%) had recurrent or metastatic disease and three patients had locally advanced disease. Among 50 patients evaluable for tumour response, 28 patients achieved partial response, with an overall response rate of 56% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.8–70.3%). All 55 patients were evaluated for survival and toxicities. Median time to progression and overall survival were 5.2 and 10.0 months, respectively, during median follow-up time of 24.0 months. Major grades 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia in 23 cycles (7.1%) and thrombocytopenia in 16 cycles (5.0%). Treatment was discontinued for treatment-related toxicities in nine patients (16.4%), of whom eight were due to oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity. One patient (1.8%) died of neutropenic sepsis. This oxaliplatin-containing regimen is effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Except for neurotoxicity that often develops after prolonged use of oxaliplatin, the regimen is well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chao
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K H Yeh
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L T Chen
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T Y Chao
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M F Wu
- Chung Shan Medical and Dental College Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C S Chang
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Y Chung
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W Y Kao
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - R K Hsieh
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A L Cheng
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail:
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Hahn S, Park G, Chang CS, Choi CK. Diffusion in a two-dimensional anisotropic web map by extrinsic noise applied to the intrinsically perturbed quantity. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 69:017202. [PMID: 14995757 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.69.017202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion by an extrinsic noise in a two-dimensional anisotropic web mapping is studied in the case where an extrinsic noise is applied to the intrinsically perturbed (intrinsically active) physical quantity and the intrinsic web diffusion is negligible. Contrary to the case where the extrinsic noise is applied to the other (intrinsically passive) physical quantity to yield a highly anisotropic diffusion scaling [Gunyoung Park and C. S. Chang, Phys. Rev. E 64, 026211 (2001)], the diffusion scaling in this case is found to be isotropic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Hahn
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kuseong-dong, Yuseong-ku, Daejon 305-701, Korea
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Chang CS, Yang SS, Ko CW, Lien HC, Yeh HZ, Chen GH. Predictive factors of the long-term outcome in reflux esophagitis in a low-prevalence gastroesophageal reflux disease region. Scand J Gastroenterol 2003; 38:1131-5. [PMID: 14686715 DOI: 10.1080/00365520310006171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no data concerning the long-term outcome of patients with reflux esophagitis in Taiwan. In this study the outcome and the specific prognostic indicators associated with outcome in patients were assessed retrospectively, 7 years after diagnosis of esophagitis. METHODS The study comprised a total of 128 patients with endoscopic esophagitis, diagnosed between January and June 1995, at Taichung Veterans' General Hospital. The outcome at 7 years after diagnosis was assessed by outpatient or telephone interview. Factors associated with requiring long-term acid suppression therapy were analyzed. RESULTS In all, 105 patients were eligible for analysis: 61 patients (58.1%) with LA (Los Angeles classification) grade A, 29 patients (27.6%) with grade B, 11 patients (10.5%) with grade C and 4 patients (3.5%) with grade D esophagitis. Seven years after diagnosis, there were 52 patients (49.5%) with no or occasional reflux symptoms, 8 patients (7.6%) with occasional symptoms requiring treatment with histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), 12 patients (11.4%) with occasional symptoms requiring treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), as needed, and 33 patients (31.3%) with sustained symptoms needing daily maintenance with PPIs. CONCLUSION Nearly 50% of patients in Taiwan with endoscopic esophagitis still required treatment 7 years after diagnosis. Approximately 31% of patients still required daily acid suppression therapy. Presence of hiatal hernia and the severity of esophagitis at initial endoscopy independently were predictive of those who would require long-term acid suppression therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Taichung Veterans' General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chang CS, Liu FY, Hsu WH, Lin CC, Lee CC, Kao A. Usefulness of quantitative Tc-99m HMPAO and Ga-67 citrate lung scans in detecting pulmonary vascular endothelium damage and lung inflammation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a preliminary report. Rheumatol Int 2003; 23:178-81. [PMID: 12856143 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-002-0273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2002] [Accepted: 11/13/2002] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular endothelium damage in 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was measured by technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (Tc-99m HMPAO) lung scan. The degree of damage was represented as lung/liver uptake (L/L) ratio. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to the following criteria: (a) clinical features, separated as stable or flare stage and (b) chest X-ray findings separated as positive or negative results. Meanwhile, quantitative gallium-67 citrate (Ga-67) lung scan was performed as Ga-67 uptake index (GUI) to evaluate the severity of inflammation in the SLE lungs. The results show (a) no significant statistical differences in the degree of pulmonary vascular endothelium damage (the L/L ratio on Tc-99m HMPAO lung scan) between the two subgroups according to clinical features or chest X-ray findings and (b) no good correlation between the degree of pulmonary vascular endothelium damage and lung inflammation (GUI on Ga-67 lung scan). In conclusion, the change in pulmonary vascular endothelium damage in SLE may be unrelated to the clinical presentation or chest X-ray findings, and its degree is not related to the severity of pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Service and Critical Care Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ding HJ, Huang WT, Tsai CS, Chang CS, Kao A. Usefulness of technetium-99m tetrofosmin liver imaging to detect hepatocellular carcinoma and related to expression of P-glycoprotein or multidrug resistance associated protein-a preliminary report. Nucl Med Biol 2003; 30:471-5. [PMID: 12831984 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(03)00029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Technetium-99m Tetrofsomin (Tc-TF) has been shown to be useful in identifying several types of tumors, such as breast, lung, and thyroid cancers. There was no report in the literature for Tc-TF uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Tc-TF liver imaging to detect HCC and investigate the relationship between Tc-TF liver imaging findings and P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) expression. Before any therapy, 22 patients with HCC were enrolled in this study. Tc-TF liver images were performed l0 minutes after intravenous injection of 20mCi Tc-TF. All patients had liver biopsy or surgery within l week after Tc-TF liver imaging. Immunohistochemical study of the biopsy or resected HCC specimens was performed using anti-human Pgp and MRP antibodies. Twenty of the 22 (90.9%) patients showed negative Tc-TF liver imaging results without significant Tc-TF uptake in HCC, whereas only the remaining 2 (9.1%) patients showed positive Tc-TF liver imaging results with significant Tc-TF uptake in HCC. Positive Pgp expression was observed in 13 of 20 patients with negative Tc-TF liver imaging results, whereas positive MRP expression was observed in 6 of the remaining 7 patients with negative both Tc-TF liver imaging results and Pgp expression. However, negative Pgp expression but positive MRP expression was observed in all of the remaining 2 patients with positive Tc-TF liver imaging results. The correlation between Tc-TF liver imaging findings and Pgp expression was significant and better than between Tc-TF liver imaging findings and MRP expression. Pgp or MRP expression in HCC may induce no significant Tc-TF uptake in HCC resulting in negative Tc-TF liver imaging findings. Therefore, Tc-TF liver imaging is potential to be a non-invasive method to predict Pgp or MRP expression in HCC. However, further studies with a larger series of patients and longer follow-up time are necessary to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ding
- Department of Medical Research, School of Technology for Medical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Republic of China, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Jian WB, Su WB, Chang CS, Tsong TT. Vertical friedel oscillations in interface-induced surface charge modulations of ultrathin quantum islands. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:196603. [PMID: 12785967 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.196603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional Pb islands of a few atomic layers are grown on the incommensurate Si(111)-Pb surface at low temperatures. Among them, two types of islands having different stacking with the substrate are observed. These islands, respectively, display an alternating image contrast with their thickness. Besides, the contrasts of the islands of different types are complementary to each other layer by layer. These intriguing behaviors do not show significant bias dependence throughout the range from -3 to +3 V and can be explained by the vertical charge oscillation with the growth of a new layer. The charge oscillation in the out-of-plane direction originates from electron scattering by the in-plane potential variation at the Pb/Si interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Jian
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
This study evaluated the suitability of fimY gene amplification by PCR as an effective means of detecting Salmonella species. Although fimY gene of Salmonella typhimurium is involved in regulating type 1 fimbrial expression, the amino acid sequence of FimY shares very little homology with other known prokaryotic proteins in the GenBank database. Therefore, fimY is a promising target gene to detect the presence of Salmonella species. Herein, two primers internal to the fimY gene of S. typhimurium are used to investigate the distribution of the fimY homologous sequence among 45 Salmonella serovars and 20 non-Salmonella species by using PCR. Experimental results indicated that only Salmonella species possessed the fimY homologous sequence, subsequently generating the specific 526-bp DNA fragments. The sensitivity of the fmY-specific primer set was demonstrated on a Salmonella-free swab sample from a pork carcass surface, which was then artificially contaminated with different concentrations of S. typhimurium. A combining of pre-enrichment step in buffered peptone water and PCR amplification of fimY allowed the detection of S. typhimurium at the concentration of 3.4 x 10(0) CFU/ml from the swab sample. With an additional enrichment step in Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) broth, this procedure can also detect pork carcass surface naturally contaminated with Salmonella species in a slaughterhouse. Results in this study demonstrate that fimY is unique to Salmonella species and is an appropriate PCR target for detecting these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Yeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Pig Research Institute Taiwan, Chunan, Miaoli.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Abnormal gastric slow-wave frequencies have been observed in diabetic gastroparesis and are associated with impaired antral motor activity. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of acupuncture on gastric slow waves in diabetic patients with symptoms suggesting gastric motor dysfunction. METHODS Fifteen patients with type II diabetes who had had dyspeptic symptoms for more than 3 months were enrolled. Two acupuncture needles were inserted into the subjects' legs at the Zusanli points, and electrical stimulation (2-Hz pulses) was delivered for 30 min. Cutaneous electrogastrography was performed for 30 min at baseline, for 30 min during acupuncture, and for an additional 30 min after acupuncture. Serum gastrin, motilin, and human pancreatic polypeptide levels were also measured. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the percentages of normal frequency during and after acupuncture (baseline vs. acupuncture and after acupuncture 21.99 +/- 19.38% vs. 45.93 +/- 19.72 and 48.92 +/- 19.56%; p < 0.01). In addition, the percentage of tachygastric frequency was decreased significantly during and after acupuncture. The dominant frequency was also changed significantly. There was an increase of serum human pancreatic polypeptide during acupuncture (baseline vs. acupuncture 56.96 +/- 27.64 vs. 73.11 +/- 22.37 pmol/l; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study revealed that electrical stimulation at the Zusanli points could increase the percentage of normal electrogastrography frequency and decrease the percentage of tachygastric frequency in diabetic patients. The data indicate that acupuncture may enhance the regularity of gastric myoelectrical activity in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Sec. 3, Chung-Kang Road, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
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Poon SK, Chang CS, Su J, Lai CH, Yang CC, Chen GH, Wang WC. Primary resistance to antibiotics and its clinical impact on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori lansoprazole-based triple therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002; 16:291-6. [PMID: 11860412 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate Helicobacter pylori primary resistance and its clinical impact on the efficacy of two lansoprazole-based eradication triple therapies. METHODS H. pylori-positive patients (n=228) were randomized to receive one of the 1-week regimens: lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxicillin 1 g (LAC), or lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg (LMC), each given twice daily. H. pylori status was assessed by 13C-urea breath test and culture at diagnosis and by 13C-urea breath test 6 weeks after therapy. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by E-test (n=98). RESULTS The eradication rates with per protocol/ intention-to-treat analyses were: LAC (n=95/114) 83%/69% and LMC (n=96/114) 85%/72%. Primary resistance was 11% for clarithromycin, 41% for metronidazole and 0% for amoxicillin. Eradication in metronidazole-susceptible/-resistant strains was 85%/82% in LAC and 83%/63% in LMC. Significantly lower cure rates were observed in clarithromycin-resistant patients treated with LAC (95% vs. 0%, P < 0.001) and LMC (86% vs. 0%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS One-week LAC and LMC are similarly effective therapies. Clarithromycin resistance significantly affected H. pylori eradication in both regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Poon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chang CS, Liu TC, Yeh CJ, Lin SF, Chen TP. Autologous peripheral blood stem cells harvesting in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:594-601. [PMID: 12168492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report our clinical experience in autologous peripheral blood stem cells harvesting. A total of 40 patients with 112 apheresis procedures were analyzed, 88 with Cobe system and 24 with MCS3P system. Our results revealed that there was no significant difference in efficiency of CD34(+) cell harvesting between both apheresis systems, but the Cobe system had more nucleated cells collected and less red cell contaminated in the final PBSCs collections. The percentage of CD34(+) cells collected decreased significantly following the first day's harvesting (p = 0.026). There was a good correlation between the percentage of CD34(+) cells in PBSCs and colony forming units-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) or burst forming unit-erythrocyte (BFU-E)(r = 0.909, p < 0.0001; r = 0.788, p < 0.0001, respectively). However, it was negatively correlated with the patient's age. The CD34(+) cells collected in patients with acute leukemias were also higher than those patients with other solid tumors. Ten cases (13%) with 15 apheresis procedures experienced side effects like numbness, nausea, fever, or headache etc. The Cobe system seemed to have higher frequency of side effects than that of MCS3P system (16% vs 4%). From our results, we concluded that both COBE and MCS3P system have similar efficiency and all patients could tolerate the apheresis procedures in peripheral blood stem cells harvesting. The CD34(+) cell can be used as a good parameter to estimate the amount of stem cells collected. The patient's age and disease pattern were significant factors influencing the CD34(+) stem cells collection in autologous peripheral blood stem cells harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chen GS, Chang CS, Kan WM, Chang CL, Wang KC, Chern JW. Novel lead generation through hypothetical pharmacophore three-dimensional database searching: discovery of isoflavonoids as nonsteroidal inhibitors of rat 5 alpha-reductase. J Med Chem 2001; 44:3759-63. [PMID: 11689062 DOI: 10.1021/jm010433s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A hypothetical pharmacophore of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors was generated and served as a template in virtual screening. When the pharmacophore was used, eight isoflavone derivatives were characterized as novel potential nonsteroidal inhibitors of rat 5 alpha-reductase. This investigation has demonstrated a practical approach toward the development of lead compounds through a hypothetic pharmacophore via three-dimensional database searching.
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Liu TC, Lin SF, Chang CS, Chen TP, Chang JG. A molecular genetic analysis of the Kidd blood group polymorphism in Taiwanese, Thais, and Filipinos. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:552-5. [PMID: 11852461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we molecularly detect the Jka/Jkb polymorphism in Taiwanese, Thais, and Filipinos with PCR-restriction enzyme digestion. We designed the primers with mutagenic bases to create two restriction enzyme cutting sites (EcoN I and Xba I) simultaneously to confirm the genetic polymorphism of Jka/Jkb. One hundred and seven unrelated Taiwanese, 107 Thais foreign laborers, and 102 Filipino foreign laborers in Taiwan were analyzed. The frequency of Jka and Jkb is 0.51 and 0.49 in Taiwanese, 0.44 and 0.56 in Thais, and 0.45 and 0.55 in Filipinos, respectively. The molecular analysis of Jka/Jkb polymorphism is simple, accurate and could confirm the uncertain results obtained by serological typing. The method could be used for predicting fetal Kidd genotype from amniocyte DNA, and to avoid the hemolytic disease of newborns caused by Jk antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Liu
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsing Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chang CS, Lin SF, Liu TC, Chen TP, Yeh CJ. CD34+ stem cell transplantation in malignancies: report of three cases. J Formos Med Assoc 2001; 100:692-5. [PMID: 11760375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purging tumor cells from peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) used to treat patients with malignancy is important in the prevention of relapse. Positive selection of CD34+ stem cells using either immunomagnetic methods or an avidin-biotin conjugated CD34 monoclonal antibody binding column can reduce the number of contaminating tumor cells. We describe the management of three patients with malignancy treated using high-dose chemotherapy and enriched CD34+ cell transplantation. PBSCs were mobilized with cyclophosphamide plus recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), and then leukophoresis was performed to harvest the PBSCs. The collected cells were positively selected for CD34+ cells using the Cellpro system. The CD34(+)-enriched PBSCs were then cryopreserved in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen for future reinfusion. All three patients recovered smoothly after transplantation. The mean time to full hematologic recovery was 12 days for white blood cells (> or = 1 x 10(9)/L) and 14 days for platelets (> or = 20 x 10(9)/L), respectively. Partial remission occurred in two patients who were disease free for more than 4 years, and in one patient who died of hepatic failure with liver cirrhosis 5.5 months posttransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Kaohsiung Hsiaokang Municipal Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Park G, Chang CS. Diffusion by extrinsic noise in a two-dimensional anisotropic web mapping. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:026211. [PMID: 11497681 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.026211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion by an extrinsic noise is studied in a two-dimensional anisotropic web mapping where the intrinsic web diffusion is negligible, diffusion in one direction is dominant over the other, and the extrinsic noise enters in the dominant dimension only. It is found that the diffusion scaling is governed by the competition between the extrinsic noise and the intrinsic rotation. If the extrinsic noise is weaker than the intrinsic rotation, diffusion scales as lK(1/2) in the dominant direction and as lK(3/2) in the nondominant direction, where l is the extrinsic noise strength and K is the intrinsic perturbation parameter. If the extrinsic noise is stronger, diffusion behaves as l(2)/2 in the dominant direction and as K(2)/4 in the nondominant direction. Diffusion in the nondominant direction can be important if the equilibrium system is translationally invariant in the dominant direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Park
- Physics Department, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yuseong-ku, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Abstract
Psychologic factors in functional dyspepsia have been discussed in many previous articles. However, the relationship between depression and functional dyspepsia is still obscure. We investigated the impact of depression on clinical symptoms and gastric dysrhythmia in functional dyspepsia. Thirty-nine patients with functional dyspepsia and 18 healthy subjects were included. Patients were investigated with clinical symptoms assessment, Zung's self-rating depression scale, and electrogastrography. Patients with functional dyspepsia were divided into two groups: 21 patients with depression and 18 patients without depression. The depressed patients had similar total gastrointestinal symptom severity scores compared with the nondepressed patients, but with higher total symptom frequency scores (p < 0.05). With regards to symptoms, the depressed patients had higher abdominal fullness severity and frequency scores and nausea frequency scores. The patients with functional dyspepsia had a lower percentage of normal slow wave in both the fasting and fed states and a higher percentage of bradygastria in the fasting state and tachygastria in the postprandial state (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of bradygastria or tachygastria between the depressed and nondepressed patients. There was no correlation between the specific type of electrogastrographic abnormality and the presence or absence of depression in functional dyspepsia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Chou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
A significantly improved analytic understanding of the extrinsically driven diffusion process is presented in a nonlinear dynamical system in which the phase space is divided into periodic two-dimensional tiles of regular motion, separated by a connected separatrix network (web) [previously studied by A. J. Lichtenberg and Blake P. Wood, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2213 (1989)]. The system is represented by the usual "kicked Harper map" with added extrinsic noise terms. Three different diffusion regimes are found depending upon the strength of the extrinsic perturbation l relative to the web and regular motions. When the extrinsic noise is dominant over the intrinsic stochasticity and the regular rotation motions in the tile, diffusion obeys the random phase scaling l(2). When the extrinsic noise is dominant over the intrinsic stochasticity, but weaker than the regular rotation motion, the diffusion scales as lK(1/2), where K is the strength of the intrinsic kick. These findings agree well with numerical simulation results. When the extrinsic noise process is weaker than the stochastic web process, we analytically reproduce the well-known numerical result: The web diffusion is reduced by the ratio of phase-space areas of intrinsic to extrinsic stochasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yuseong-ku, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Su WB, Chang SH, Jian WB, Chang CS, Chen LJ, Tsong TT. Correlation between quantized electronic states and oscillatory thickness relaxations of 2D Pb islands on Si(111)-(7 x 7) surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:5116-5119. [PMID: 11384435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional lead (Pb) islands of varying heights have been grown on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface at low temperature. Individual islands are investigated concurrently with real-space and local-probe scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Quantum size effects, manifested in the formation of new electronic bound states, redistribution of surface charge density, and oscillatory relaxations in island thickness are found to be perfectly correlated to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Su
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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50
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Chang CS, Chen CH, Li YI, Liau BC, Ko BT, Elango S, Chen JH, Hwang LP. Metal Complexes of N-p-Nitrobenzoylamido- meso-tetraphenylporphyrin: cis-Acetato-N-p-nitrobenzoylimido-meso- tetraphenylporphyrinatothallium(III) and N-p-Nitrobenzoylimido-meso- tetraphenylporphyrinatonickel(II). Inorg Chem 2001; 40:2905-9. [PMID: 11375711 DOI: 10.1021/ic000823p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C S Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, ROC
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